31:
638:
In 2009, governments of Serbia and Italy signed an agreement which included construction of the "Ibar hydropower plants" complex, with ten hydroelectric power plants on Ibar. A detailed project was drafted, all studies were conducted, a joint
Serbian-Italian company for construction of the facilities
629:
The Ibar has previously gained notoriety as being the most polluted river in Serbia (together with its major tributary, the
Sitnica), especially from frequent spills of extremely poisonous phenol, which causes constant problems for the population of Kraljevo, since the city uses the river's water for
415:, it flows along several small villages. In this whole area, the river has no major tributaries, but many short streams which flow into it from surrounding mountains. This part also represents the route of one of two main roads connecting Serbia and Montenegro (
662:
and kayaking paths. Studies envisioned tourism development with ten small, cascade reservoirs, but also concluded that the stable water levels woul prevent floods and benefit the fish spawning, including species presently not inhabiting Ibar, like
806:
532:. This stretch of the river is famous for its pinched meanders and gigantic whirlpools. The whole area is 110 km (68 mi) long (meridionally stretched), and at Serbia's parts is popularly divided into several colorfully named valleys:
639:
was formed, and the parliament ratified the agreement. After the 2011 Italian government change, Italy also changed its abroad investment policies and effectively quit the agreement. Power plants were to be built between the village of
810:
528:
In this section, the river has carved the 40 km (25 mi) long and 550 m (1,804 ft) deep Ibar gorge, which is the natural route for the major road in this part of Serbia, the
475:
area. Below
Gazivoda, another reservoir is created, the Pridvorica Lake. These lakes allow irrigation of an area of 300 km, representing part of a plan, never completed, of a huge Ibar-
471:(area 11.9 km or 4.6 sq mi, altitude 693 m or 2,274 ft, depth 105 m or 344 ft). Water from the lake is used for industrial and mining facilities in the
675:. Ratification of the agreement expired in 2021, but some experts publicly revived the idea in January 2023, as the project is generally not considered complicated and expensive.
766:
647:. The entire section is administratively part of the City of Kraljevo. The project included 10 cascade dams, 12 to 15 m (39 to 49 ft) high, with all plants being
671:, which could be introduced. Architect Milan Lojanica was hired to design the dams. He designed them in the spirit of the Serbian medieval architecture and the
651:. Therefore, no settlements will be relocated as the flooding of the valley would be minimal. The existing road would have to be relocated at four locations.
347:
drainage basin. Its own drainage area is 7,925 km (3,060 sq mi), with an average discharge of 60 m/s at the mouth. It is not navigable.
150:
654:
The planned dams were Bojanići, Gokčanica, Ušće, Glavica, Cerje, Gradina, Bela Glava, Dobre Strane, Maglič, and Lakat, with the total capacity of 450
479:
Hydrosystem, which was supposed to regulate the Ibar-Sitnica-Lepenac watercourse (including ecological protection, irrigation and power production).
731:
942:
328:, eastern Montenegro, and passes through southwestern Serbia and northern Kosovo, where it leads back into Serbia to flow into the
1115:
1090:
1058:
842:
870:
915:
901:
648:
780:
807:"Ибар потиче од албанске речи "shkumbon", историја моста на Ибру дуга више од 100 година приступљено 3. јула 2018"
935:
1105:
689:
672:
762:
490:
mountain, which it follows for the next 100 km (62 mi) or so. The area is especially rich in
1110:
1100:
928:
272:
951:
699:
694:
684:
284:
529:
391:Έβρος(Évros), meaning 'wide river'. An alternative hypothesis is that Hiberus is borrowed from
1026:
1066:
615:
411:, Radetina and Bać, after which it enters Serbia. Passing through the most southern part of
623:
568:
539:(Serbian: Долина историје; Valley of history), consisting of ruins of the medieval city of
1018:
722:
8:
1095:
544:
783:[The meaning of some old geographical and ethnic names in the Balkan Peninsula]
603:
655:
602:
This is a continuation of
Kopaonik's mining-rich area, including deposits of iron ore (
407:
mountain in eastern
Montenegro. It generally flows north-east, passing through Ibarac,
30:
644:
572:
911:
897:
848:
838:
735:
483:
440:
392:
297:
241:
1002:
412:
619:
588:
552:
607:
517:
Entering southwestern Serbia again, the river receives its major tributaries: the
36:
522:
356:
246:
567:(Serbian: Долина бања; Valley of the spas), with many spas and springs, such as
472:
1034:
380:
372:
371:
received its name. Other scholars have suggested that the name is derived from
337:
518:
505:
Right on its elbow turn, the Ibar receives its longest (right) tributary, the
1084:
1050:
781:"Značenje nekih starih geografskih i etničkih imena na balkanskom poluostrvu"
739:
468:
384:
165:
152:
852:
320:, with a total length of 272 km (169 mi). The river begins in the
388:
210:
448:
256:
1010:
994:
832:
659:
486:, the river enters a minerals and ore-rich area of the western slopes of
428:
329:
236:
206:
132:
116:
640:
962:
427:
Continuing south, the river enters Kosovo and passes through
Gazivode,
309:
105:
60:
584:
548:
344:
218:
592:
540:
444:
443:. There, it makes a sharp, elbow turn to the north, flowing through
408:
325:
251:
231:
101:
920:
875:
487:
333:
136:
452:
432:
978:
970:
611:
596:
506:
476:
456:
355:
Some scholars has theorized that the word Ibar is related to the
1042:
668:
580:
499:
436:
317:
313:
214:
65:
55:
404:
368:
321:
305:
97:
664:
495:
491:
383:
origin seems likely, since other rivers also bear the name
364:
873:["Ibar hydropower plants" - long forgotten idea].
467:
At Kosovo, the river is dammed, creating the artificial
871:""Ibarske hidroelektrane" – davno zaboravljena ideja"
724:
Statistical
Yearbook of the Republic of Serbia 2017
868:
561:(Serbian: Долина јоргована; Valley of the lilacs);
455:, entering southwestern Serbia at the village of
1082:
525:and Lopatnica, from the left, and the Jošanica.
908:Enciklopedijski geografski leksikon Jugoslavije
936:
579:The gorge is carved between the mountains of
732:Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia
403:The Ibar originates from six springs on the
943:
929:
864:
862:
799:
717:
715:
375:, given that the river's ancient name was
830:
502:(Stari Trg, Trepča and Leposavić mines).
859:
778:
758:
756:
712:
1083:
869:Višnja Aranđelović (30 January 2023).
16:River in Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia
924:
283:
193:7,925 km (3,060 sq mi)
950:
753:
730:(in Serbian and English). Belgrade:
13:
896:, Third edition (1985); Prosveta;
14:
1127:
610:), nickel (Kopaonik), asbestos (
422:
29:
398:
1116:International rivers of Europe
1091:Tributaries of the West Morava
837:. Neuried: Hieronymus Verlag.
824:
772:
633:
276:
144: • coordinates
1:
894:Mala Prosvetina Enciklopedija
705:
591:from the east, and Kopaonik,
75:Physical characteristics
734:. October 2017. p. 16.
690:List of rivers of Montenegro
643:and locality of Lakat, near
512:
462:
350:
7:
678:
308:that flows through eastern
127: • location
93: • location
10:
1132:
906:Jovan Đ. Marković (1990):
887:
395:ebros meaning 'splasher'.
958:
879:(in Serbian). p. 08.
763:Velika Morava River Basin
363:), which is also how the
224:
202:
197:
189:
185:272 km (169 mi)
181:
142:
125:
115:
111:
91:
83:
79:
74:
48:
43:
28:
21:
831:Duridanov, Ivan (1985).
700:List of rivers of Europe
695:List of rivers of Serbia
685:List of rivers of Kosovo
343:The Ibar belongs to the
834:Die Sprache der Thraker
439:, reaching the city of
779:Županić, Niko (1933).
658:. All dams would have
575:and Bogutovačka Banja.
301:
288:), also known as the
1067:Lumbardhi i Prizrenit
791:(in Serbo-Croatian).
769:, November 2009, p. 2
649:run-of-the-river type
447:, Slatina, Sočanica,
166:43.72750°N 20.74944°E
1106:Rivers of Montenegro
910:Svjetlost-Sarajevo;
1027:Lumbardhi i Deçanit
630:public waterworks.
551:, the monastery of
547:, the monastery of
543:, the monastery of
198:Basin features
162: /
417:Ibarska magistrala
359:word for "river" (
171:43.72750; 20.74944
1078:
1077:
1071:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1031:
1023:
1019:Lumbardhi i Pejës
1015:
1007:
983:
844:978-3-88893-031-7
618:) and hard coal (
387:Ἕβρος(Hébros) or
265:
264:
1123:
1111:Rivers of Kosovo
1101:Rivers of Serbia
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1013:
1005:
999:
991:
981:
975:
967:
952:Rivers of Kosovo
945:
938:
931:
922:
921:
881:
880:
866:
857:
856:
828:
822:
821:
819:
818:
809:. Archived from
803:
797:
796:
786:
776:
770:
760:
751:
750:
748:
746:
729:
719:
559:Dolina jorgovana
287:
282:
278:
273:Serbian Cyrillic
177:
176:
174:
173:
172:
167:
163:
160:
159:
158:
155:
94:
33:
19:
18:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1074:
997:
989:
973:
965:
954:
949:
890:
885:
884:
867:
860:
845:
829:
825:
816:
814:
805:
804:
800:
784:
777:
773:
761:
754:
744:
742:
727:
721:
720:
713:
708:
681:
673:Nemanjić period
645:Mataruška Banja
636:
599:from the west.
573:Mataruška Banja
569:Jošanička Banja
537:Dolina istorije
515:
465:
425:
401:
353:
280:
261:
247:North Mitrovica
170:
168:
164:
161:
156:
153:
151:
149:
148:
145:
128:
92:
70:
39:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1129:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1003:Binačka Morava
1000:
992:
984:
976:
968:
959:
956:
955:
948:
947:
940:
933:
925:
919:
918:
904:
889:
886:
883:
882:
858:
843:
823:
798:
771:
752:
710:
709:
707:
704:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
680:
677:
635:
632:
626:and Jarando).
614:), magnesite (
577:
576:
562:
556:
514:
511:
464:
461:
424:
421:
413:Raška District
400:
397:
352:
349:
338:central Serbia
285:[îbar]
263:
262:
260:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
228:
226:
222:
221:
204:
200:
199:
195:
194:
191:
187:
186:
183:
179:
178:
146:
143:
140:
139:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
113:
112:
109:
108:
95:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
77:
76:
72:
71:
69:
68:
63:
58:
52:
50:
46:
45:
41:
40:
35:Ibar River in
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1128:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1068:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1001:
996:
993:
988:
985:
980:
977:
972:
969:
964:
961:
960:
957:
953:
946:
941:
939:
934:
932:
927:
926:
923:
917:
916:86-01-02651-6
913:
909:
905:
903:
902:86-07-00001-2
899:
895:
892:
891:
878:
877:
872:
865:
863:
854:
850:
846:
840:
836:
835:
827:
813:on 2016-08-08
812:
808:
802:
794:
790:
782:
775:
768:
764:
759:
757:
741:
737:
733:
726:
725:
718:
716:
711:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
676:
674:
670:
666:
661:
657:
652:
650:
646:
642:
631:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
574:
570:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
535:
534:
533:
531:
526:
524:
520:
510:
508:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
470:
469:Gazivoda Lake
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
423:Middle course
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
396:
394:
390:
386:
385:Ancient Greek
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
348:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
324:mountain, in
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
274:
270:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
229:
227:
223:
220:
216:
212:
208:
205:
201:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
147:
141:
138:
134:
130:
124:
120:
118:
114:
110:
107:
103:
99:
96:
90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
67:
64:
62:
59:
57:
54:
53:
51:
47:
42:
38:
32:
27:
20:
986:
907:
893:
874:
833:
826:
815:. Retrieved
811:the original
801:
792:
788:
774:
743:. Retrieved
723:
660:fish ladders
653:
637:
628:
601:
578:
565:Dolina banja
564:
558:
536:
530:Ibar Highway
527:
516:
504:
481:
466:
426:
416:
402:
399:Upper course
389:Modern Greek
376:
360:
354:
342:
316:and central
293:
289:
268:
266:
211:Great Morava
634:Electricity
451:, Dren and
431:, Ugljare,
429:Zubin Potok
332:river near
330:West Morava
312:, northern
237:Zubin Potok
207:West Morava
203:Progression
169: /
133:West Morava
1096:Ibar basin
1085:Categories
966:(111.5 km)
963:White Drin
817:2022-03-22
706:References
616:Bela Stena
310:Montenegro
302:Ibër, Ibri
281:pronounced
190:Basin size
157:20°44′58″E
154:43°43′39″N
106:Montenegro
104:, eastern
100:mountain,
61:Montenegro
998:(76.8 km)
740:0354-4206
545:Studenica
523:Studenica
513:In Serbia
484:Mitrovica
463:In Kosovo
449:Leposavić
441:Mitrovica
367:river in
351:Etymology
345:Black Sea
257:Leposavić
242:Mitrovica
219:Black Sea
49:Countries
1035:Nerodime
982:(109 km)
974:(110 km)
876:Politika
853:18925921
679:See also
641:Bojanići
620:Baljevac
604:Kopaonik
488:Kopaonik
393:Thracian
361:i-ba/r/i
334:Kraljevo
304:), is a
298:Albanian
137:Kraljevo
44:Location
1070:(18 km)
1062:(23 km)
1054:(37 km)
1051:Mirusha
1046:(38 km)
1038:(41 km)
1030:(53 km)
1022:(56 km)
1014:(60 km)
1006:(67 km)
990:(85 km)
979:Lepenac
971:Sitnica
888:Sources
789:Etnolog
612:Brvenik
597:Stolovi
589:Troglav
585:Čemerno
555:, etc.;
507:Sitnica
477:Lepenac
457:Jarinje
377:Hiberus
1043:Erenik
914:
900:
851:
841:
795:: 101.
745:30 May
738:
669:zander
593:Željin
581:Golija
553:Gradac
541:Maglič
500:silver
473:Trepča
445:Zvečan
437:Shipol
409:Rožaje
357:Basque
326:Rožaje
318:Serbia
314:Kosovo
252:Zvečan
232:Rožaje
225:Cities
215:Danube
182:Length
121:
102:Rožaje
87:
84:Source
66:Serbia
56:Kosovo
1059:Krena
1011:Klina
995:Llapi
785:(PDF)
767:ICPDR
728:(PDF)
608:Raška
519:Raška
453:Lešak
433:Zupče
405:Hajla
381:Greek
373:Greek
369:Spain
322:Hajla
306:river
131:into
117:Mouth
98:Hajla
37:Raška
22:Ibar
987:Ibar
912:ISBN
898:ISBN
849:OCLC
839:ISBN
747:2018
736:ISSN
665:carp
656:GW-h
624:Ušće
595:and
587:and
549:Žiča
498:and
496:zinc
492:lead
435:and
379:. A
365:Ebro
294:Ibri
292:and
290:Ibër
277:Ибар
269:Ibar
267:The
24:Ibër
793:5/6
667:or
482:At
419:).
135:at
1087::
861:^
847:.
787:.
765:,
755:^
714:^
622:,
606:,
583:,
571:,
521:,
509:.
494:,
459:.
340:.
336:,
300::
279:,
275::
217:→
213:→
209:→
944:e
937:t
930:v
855:.
820:.
749:.
296:(
271:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
