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had effective Pap smear programs to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. 'Despite this, cervical cancer continues to be a shocking disease for women in the developed world. Women living in poverty in the developing world, where Pap smears are not widely available, account for most of the 250,000
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with no breakthrough HPV infections due to waning immunity, the minimum protective anti-HPV antibody level could not be ascertained. Nevertheless, antibody titer has been used as a surrogate marker of protection in clinical trials, particularly in adolescent populations in whom efficacy studies are
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Ian Frazer's break-through vaccine is 100 per cent effective against the most common form of the virus that causes cervical cancer, according to final-stage trial results a delighted
Professor Frazer, 52, said last night: 'It is very rare, almost unheard of, to achieve a 100 per cent efficacy rate
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Previous reports showed a remarkable 100% efficacy of a quadrivalent vaccine targeting HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 on outcomes related to vaccine HPV types in women with no evidence of previous exposure to those types subgroups of subjects with no evidence of previous exposure to relevant vaccine
502:, was granted to co-inventors Ian Frazer and Jian Zhou (posthumously) on 13 January 2009. Its U.S. application was filed on 19 January 1994, but claimed priority under a 20 July 1992 PCT filing to the date of an initial Australian patent application filed on 19 July 1991.
1416:
related to vaccine HPV types was reported Why is vaccine efficacy modest in the entire cohort? One factor is the apparent lack of efficacy among subjects with evidence of previous exposure to HPV types included in the vaccine. The FUTURE II trial showed no effect of
546:, Frazer's and Jian Zhou's heirs (Zhou, who died in 1999, was survived by his widow Xiao-Yi Sun and a son Andreas) world-wide rights to the fundamental VLP science, and Frazer's and Zhou's priority to invention of that fundamental VLP science, were both established.
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It's not exactly the same virus and therefore the vaccine we already have will not protect against that particular cancer. But the technology that we've used to develop a vaccine for cervical cancer should in principle be possible to use for prevention of some skin
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735:(AC) for "eminent service to medical research, particularly through leadership roles in the discovery of the Human Papilloma Virus vaccine and its role in preventing cervical cancer, to higher education and as a supporter of charitable organisations."
553:
from the vaccine, which is about one in a million, there is nothing else that can be directly attributable to the vaccine." Ian Frazer is one of the "most trusted" Australians, and some critics have accused
Gardasil's advocates of exploiting
523:
levels in vaccinated 9 to 15-year-old girls was shown high enough to give them the same level of immunity as vaccinated women. It has been suggested that one way to bring cheaper equivalent vaccines to market is to mandate a similar
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Evaluating the ability of a vaccine to induce a specific immune response is far less complex, less costly, and less time-consuming, than performing clinical trials to assess the ability of the vaccine to confer protective
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Frazer, I. H.; Crapper, R. M.; Medley, G.; Brown, T. C.; Mackay, I. R. (20 September 1986). "Association between anorectal dysplasia, human papillomavirus, and human immunodeficiency virus infection in homosexual men".
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regulatory approval. Frazer's studies showed 100% efficacious protective immunity in HPV naïve women, but could not directly test protective immunity (against HPV exposure) in adolescent girls. As a surrogate test,
1506:
Ian Frazer was made
Australian of the Year in 2006. He and his team at Princess Alexandra Hospital in Brisbane have developed a vaccine to beat cervical cancers that kill 250,000 women a year worldwide.
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It was only on 23–24 February 2008 that the
Victorian Cytology Service ran a job advertisement for a 'newly created position' to 'help establish and operate the new National HPV Vaccination Program' (
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Frazer, I. H.; McCamish M; Hay I; North P. (3 October 1988). "Influence of human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing on sexual behaviour in a "high-risk" population from a "low-risk" city".
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A woman dies of cervical cancer approximately every 2 minutes. In less developed countries, this type of cancer is the second most common in women and accounts for up to 300,000 annual deaths.
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Later in 1991 the research was presented at a US scientific meeting, and Frazer became
Director of the Centre for Immunology and Cancer Research at the University of Queensland (later renamed
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If we can get encouraging results we will try and push it on as fast as we can. It's really a given that we try to focus on health problems that are significant ones.
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deaths from cervical cancer each year. So this vaccine has the potential to do most good in the developing world, where it could help lift women out of
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I saw becoming a fellow of the AAS as recognition received towards the end of a career, whereas I see myself working in research for a lot longer yet
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1232:(7). Lions Human Immunology Laboratories, University of Queensland, Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba.: 365–8.
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Sometimes it seems almost impossible to believe that something we did all those years ago could have such a dramatic impact on so many people
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For his creation of the first vaccine designed to protect against a cancer, Ian Frazer receives the Prime
Ministers Prize for Science.
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HPV types were evaluated separately for vaccine efficacy. In these subgroups, efficacy of nearly 100% against all grades of cervical
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was responsible in 2005 for up to 500,000 new cases, and up to 257,000 deaths, more than 90% in low- and middle-income countries
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and community immunization clinics. This age group will receive the vaccine free from July 2007, until the end of June 2009.
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A reduction in cancer incidence and mortality might not be measurable before 10 to 30 years after the vaccine is introduced.
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874:, prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. He sits on the board of three for-profit small biotech companies and a number of
286:
in 1974 and 1977 respectively. It was during this time that he met his wife
Caroline, whom he married in 1976. His 1978–79
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had the world's most generous coverage for the drug, though it is the nation with the lowest cervical cancer mortality.)
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in June 1991 and began work on developing the vaccine within UQ. To finance clinical trials, Australian medical company
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After 2009 reports of adverse
Gardasil reactions, Frazer said "Apart from a very, very rare instance where you get an
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1461:" (p.4). These projections may be little effected by vaccination programs (anyway unlikely on cost grounds) because "
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Estimates of the contemporary global mortality rate have remained in the 190,000 to 300,000 range from 2000 to 2010.
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Smart State premier's fellowship, worth $ 2.5 million over 5 years. He has held continuous research funding from the
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The federal government will also cover young women who are not in school and are still under 27 years through their
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1168:. 'It says a lot about Ian. If anything should come over in your article, it's that Ian is an extremely kind man.'
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has passed human safety trials in a trial of 20 Australians. The vaccine is designed to prevent new infections.
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2033:'What is the most unusual or fun thing you've done in your job?' Being Australian of the Year and carrying the
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According to WHO’s projections, deaths from cervical cancer will rise to 320,000 in 2015 and to 435,000 in 2030
1007:
King, Madonna (2013). Ian Frazer: The man who saved a million lives. Brisbane: University of
Queensland Press.
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1728:"University Contributions to the HPV Vaccine and Implications for Access to Vaccines in Developing Countries"
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Ian Frazer was set for a career in physics when a chance encounter with an immunologist, the father of his
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1825:, and in parts of the world where there are no pap smears, a 70 per cent reduction in cervical cancer."
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2001:, 23–24 February 2008). That's 11 months after thousands of school girls had already received the jab.
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study author
Barbara Slade said. Of the adverse reports in the US, 772 cases were considered serious
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2165:"International Balzan Prize Foundation: The Balzan Forum 2008 at the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei"
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Kennedy, F. (25 January 2006). "UQ Australian of the Year Will Continue Fight for Women's Health".
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1917:"For 23 million doses that have been given out, we received 12,424 reports of adverse events",
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259:, Scotland. His parents were medical scientists, and he was drawn to science from a young age.
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399:, and the two considered the problem of developing a vaccine for HPV – a virus that cannot be
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1716:(The 100% efficacious immunity is against HPV 16 and 18-related cervical cancer indicators.)
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with his wife Caroline. As of 2010, two of his sons are medical students and the third is a
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Through the development of vaccines, Ian has helped protect the lives of countless women
2136:"Profile on Professor Ian Frazer – Diamantina Institute at The University of Queensland"
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From February 2011 to February 2015, Frazer was the CEO and Director of Research at the
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without living tissue. Frazer convinced Zhou to join him, and in 1990 they began to use
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also contributed to the further development of the cervical cancer vaccine in parallel.
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1575:'s] estimate of the prevalence of cervical cancer in United States roughly matches the
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Eighty per cent of Australian secondary schoolgirls have been vaccinated with Gardasil
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Human Immunology Laboratories he continued to research HPV in men, and contributed to
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The subtle ads for drug giant Glaxo's new cervical-cancer drugs have people talking"
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to be available by 2028. He is already overseeing trials of the first vaccine for
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in the university's Department of Medicine. In 1998 Frazer completed the first
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207:(born 6 January 1953) is a Scottish-born Australian immunologist, the founding
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According to Frazer, the opportunity for vaccine improvement comes from novel
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that cause cervical cancer, but more research is needed to confirm this. ...
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that could mimic the virus. In March 1991 Zhou's wife and fellow researcher,
329:
afflicting homosexuals in San Francisco was also found in the gay men in his
2245:
594:
1999: Business/Higher Education Round Table award for Collaborative Research
474:, where he held a personal chair as director). After three years in design,
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Fellows of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering
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2076:"Cervical cancer vaccine research wins CSIRO Eureka Prize (Media Release)"
1465:" (p.5). Other estimates of the problem's scale are broadly in agreement:
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Frazer administered the first official HPV-vaccination, and was made 2006
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2578:"Fellowship | AAHMS – Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences"
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research. During this time Frazer also taught at the university and ran
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due to physics having fewer research opportunities, and he received his
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and immunotherapeutic vaccines, supported by several US and Australian
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1270:. Diamantina Institute at The University of Queensland. Archived from
472:
The Diamantina Institute for Cancer, Immunology and Metabolic Medicine
56:
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2191:"Ian Frazer wins AMA gold medal for work on cervical cancer vaccines"
1822:
788:, and is researching extensions to the VLP production technology for
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In February 2014, it was announced that Frazer's new vaccine against
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1623:"Profit Knows No Borders, Selling Gardasil to the Rest of the World"
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1963:
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475:
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2303:"Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia (AC)"
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860:
271:
256:
80:
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Fellows of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences
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1429:
Walker; J. (9 October 2005). "UQ Team Defeats Cervical Cancer".
2664:
436:
2524:"Professor Ian Frazer wins Prime Minister's Prize for Science"
2102:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
1854:
Ian embodies Australian know-how, determination and innovation
590:, and has since received more than twenty awards for science:
493:
2193:. Australian Medical Association. 31 May 2009. Archived from
1838:"Australian of the Year Awards – Australian of the Year 2006"
1223:
607:
2495:"Scientist Ian Frazer close to creating skin cancer vaccine"
906:
Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering
831:
program grant, together worth more than $ 2 million a year.
819:(NHMRC) since 1985, mostly relating to papilloma viruses or
1962:'s magazine In Australia, critics are almost perceived as
427:
would ultimately be made. The vaccine completely protects
365:
3760:
Fellows of the Australian Institute of Company Directors
2264:
2019:. Queensland Government. 9 February 2010. Archived from
1682:"Correlating immunity with protection for HPV infection"
1438:
in any treatment, so these results are truly wonderful.'
1302:
Human Papillomaviruses: Clinical and Scientific Advances
1179:
851:'s Medical Research Advisory Committee, and advises the
2314:
Official Secretary to the Governor-General of Australia
2037:
torch around Darling Harbour on a boat on Australia Day
776:
and the Princess Alexandra Hospital. He is researching
619:
2006: Queenslander of the Year / Australian of the Year
223:
developed and patented the basic technology behind the
1958:
Frazer: "God's Gift to Women" proclaimed the cover of
1942:, Australia's e-journal of social and political debate
715:
Grand Hamdan International Award - Infectious Diseases
352:
In 1985 he moved to the University of Queensland as a
1896:"Ian Frazer defends cervical cancer vaccine Gardasil"
1154:
Whittaker, M. (4 March 2006). "God's Gift to Women".
784:
bodies. He is working on a VLP-based vaccine against
597:
2003: Centenary Medal for services to cancer research
1601:"An interview with Jian Zhou's wife, Dr. Xiaoyi Sun"
459:
independently used the same VLP-approach to develop
2339:"Cervical cancer vaccine inventor to target herpes"
1668:
Jian Zhou died in 1999, but he was an equal partner
1062:Belinda Gibbon (program producer) (15 March 2007).
823:. He is currently a joint Chief Investigator on an
808:, caused by HPV) which might be ready before 2020.
319:
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
115:
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research
1725:
1358:Sawaya, G. F.; Smith-McCune, Karen (10 May 2007).
1357:
1821:It will mean a 70 per cent reduction in abnormal
1599:Chen, Huanhuan; Wang, Danhong (22 October 2007).
918:Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences
655:Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering
317:after he was headhunted by Dr. Ian Mackay at the
3646:
1894:Crawford, C.; Elsworth, S. (20 September 2009).
1893:
1360:"HPV Vaccination – More Answers, More Questions"
969:"Who invented the VLP cervical cancer vaccines?"
2408:Leng, Lay (November 2008). Candace, Lim (ed.).
2017:"Queensland scientist profiles > Ian Frazer"
1799:"One small jab, but a giant leap for womankind"
3735:Academic staff of the University of Queensland
2273:"Seven added to national living treasure list"
2270:
1726:Crager, S. E.; Guillen, E.; Price, M. (2009).
463:, under a later US patent, licensing Frazer's
3318:
2650:
2610:Australian Cancer Research Foundation Profile
2011:
2009:
1620:
1341:Williams, L. (August 2006). "A Simple Idea".
3710:Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science
1865:
1840:. australianoftheyear.org.au. Archived from
1686:International Journal of Infectious Diseases
894:Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia
839:He teaches immunology to undergraduates and
817:National Health and Medical Research Council
707:2018: Elected a Corresponding Fellow of the
356:, with the opportunity to establish his own
280:Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
217:Translational Research Institute (Australia)
2526:. Cancer Council Australia. 17 October 2008
494:Pioneer Patent for VLPs and the HPV vaccine
3680:People educated at Robert Gordon's College
3325:
3311:
2657:
2643:
2551:. coridon.com. 6 June 2004. Archived from
2246:"Professor Ian Hector Frazer FRS CorrFRSE"
2006:
1919:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1616:
1614:
1542:
1475:Professor Frazer said Australia and other
1160:'Ian went to huge efforts and he got them
1117:
1115:
558:to promote its rapid Australian release. (
333:study, and in 1984 helped to confirm that
55:
2615:University of Queensland Research Profile
2549:"Ian Frazer honoured by major Fellowship"
2541:
1697:
1377:
1300:Sterling, J. C., ed. (August 2001). "1".
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984:
900:Australian Institute of Company Directors
796:vaccines. Frazer expects (50% effective)
1598:
1536:
1428:
1340:
1299:
1091:
973:Journal of the National Cancer Institute
966:
888:Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
834:
661:Howard Florey Medal for Medical Research
262:Frazer attended Aberdeen private school
2310:The Queen's Birthday 2012 Honours Lists
1979:"The Gardasil 'miracle' coming undone?"
1935:"The Gardasil 'miracle' coming undone?"
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1647:
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1468:
1453:says that preventable cervical cancer "
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1112:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
478:went into testing, and Frazer became a
423:, resembling the HPV shell, from which
415:, assembled by Zhou's instructions two
19:For other people named Ian Frazer, see
3647:
1736:American Journal of Law & Medicine
1679:
1621:Siers-Poisson, Judith (18 July 2007).
1443:
1422:
1351:
1149:
1147:
811:Frazer is the inaugural holder of the
635:Novartis Prize for Clinical Immunology
613:2006: Distinguished Fellowship Award,
610:Eureka Prize for Leadership in Science
3705:Australian people of Scottish descent
3685:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
3306:
2638:
2630:Queensland Government Science Profile
2620:Australian Academy of Science Profile
2462:
2410:"FEATURE: Vaccinating against Cancer"
2128:
2116:from the original on 15 December 2016
1932:
1653:
1543:Kantrowitz, Barbara (15 March 2010).
1336:
1334:
1332:
1098:Interviews with Australian scientists
1087:
1085:
581:
16:Scottish-born Australian immunologist
3725:Companions of the Order of Australia
3720:Australian of the Year Award winners
2625:Australian of the Year Award Profile
2407:
2379:"Cancer Control in the 21st Century"
2082:from the original on 5 December 2020
1985:from the original on 17 October 2009
1948:from the original on 5 December 2020
1811:from the original on 5 December 2020
1644:
1583:, the disease is far more common in
1579:'s statistics. But according to the
1519:from the original on 5 December 2020
1515:. CervicalCancer.org. 2 March 2007.
1491:"Transcripts – Professor Ian Frazer"
1057:
1055:
1031:
1018:
843:at the University of Queensland, is
731:On 11 June 2012, Frazer was named a
341:was having a surprising effect: the
1933:Klein, Renate (21 September 2008).
1495:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
1394:from the original on 4 January 2010
1365:The New England Journal of Medicine
1238:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120670.x
1144:
770:Queensland University of Technology
733:Companion of the Order of Australia
640:2007: Golden Plate Award, American
510:In 2006 results from the four-year
158:Companion of the Order of Australia
13:
2252:from the original on 15 March 2018
2248:. The Royal Society of Edinburgh.
1797:Pollard, Ruth (9 September 2006).
1484:by relieving the burden of disease
1329:
1082:
667:Prime Minister's Prize for Science
325:. In 1981 he discovered that the
292:Edinburgh Eastern General Hospital
148:Prime Minister's Prize for Science
14:
3771:
2603:
2588:from the original on 29 June 2019
2283:from the original on 5 March 2012
2220:"Professor Ian Hector Frazer FRS"
1976:
1052:
691:Lila Gruber Award for Dermatology
337:. It was also found that another
2078:. csiro.com. 10 September 2005.
942:Translational Research Institute
774:Mater Medical Research Institute
762:Translational Research Institute
542:In the 2007 resolution of their
345:infection seemed to be inducing
184:Translational Research Institute
3665:Medical doctors from Queensland
2570:
2516:
2487:
2456:
2401:
2371:
2345:
2331:
2295:
2271:Farrow, Lauren (5 March 2012).
2238:
2222:. Royal Society. Archived from
2212:
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2110:American Academy of Achievement
2094:
2068:
2042:
1970:
1926:
1887:
1859:
1830:
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1318:
1293:
1288:girlfriend, changed his course.
1217:
1156:The Weekend Australian Magazine
738:
689:American Academy of Dermatology
431:women against four HPV strains
383:
3700:Australian medical researchers
2463:Kelly, James (30 March 2010).
2138:. di.uq.edu.au. Archived from
2052:. di.uq.edu.au. Archived from
1627:Center for Media and Democracy
1173:
1001:
960:
930:
881:
720:In 2012 Frazer was named as a
696:Australian Medical Association
588:Australian Biotechnology Award
1:
3675:Medical doctors from Brisbane
2385:. 25 May 2010. Archived from
1699:10.1016/s1201-9712(07)60016-2
1656:"Ian Frazer's patent problem"
1268:"A hero of women and science"
1195:10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90168-6
1102:Australian Academy of Science
924:
912:Australian Academy of Science
615:Royal College of Pathologists
3740:Fellows of the Royal Society
2465:"Vaccine doctor's good news"
2167:. balzan.org. Archived from
1680:Frazer, I. (November 2007).
1654:Beran, Ruth (21 June 2006).
1513:"Cervical Cancer Statistics"
1451:The 2007 WHO progress report
766:The University of Queensland
586:In 1999 Frazer received the
505:
486:for Gardasil, and became an
441:about 250,000 women annually
270:over an earlier interest in
250:
7:
2424:World Scientific Publishing
847:president, Chairman of the
755:
726:National Trust of Australia
703:Fellow of the Royal Society
565:
374:Princess Alexandra Hospital
343:human papilloma virus (HPV)
21:Ian Frazer (disambiguation)
10:
3776:
3690:Australian medical doctors
1749:10.1177/009885880903500202
709:Royal Society of Edinburgh
653:2007: Clunies Ross Award,
500:"Papilloma Virus Vaccines"
443:. Frazer and Zhou filed a
339:sexually transmitted virus
300:Roodlands General Hospital
153:Australian Living Treasure
18:
3589:
3348:
3244:
3148:
3057:
2966:
2875:
2768:
2677:
1660:Australian Life Scientist
1581:World Health Organization
1577:National Cancer Institute
1567:may also protect against
1407:intraepithelial neoplasia
1304:. London: Hodder Arnold.
866:Frazer consults for many
743:
421:virus-like particle (VLP)
296:Edinburgh Royal Infirmary
237:National Cancer Institute
193:
179:
171:
164:
138:
130:
96:
88:
63:
54:
30:
3695:Australian immunologists
2316:. 11 June 2012. p.
1125:. Ri Aus. Archived from
1092:Williams, Robyn (2008).
868:pharmaceutical companies
845:Cancer Council Australia
764:, a joint initiative of
722:National Living Treasure
648:International Life Award
533:Queenslander of the Year
407:to synthesize particles
233:University of Queensland
188:University of Queensland
3670:Academics from Brisbane
1871:Australians of the Year
1164:to Australia,' recalls
967:McNeil C (April 2006).
650:for Scientific Research
526:induced immune response
380:qualification in 1988.
284:University of Edinburgh
264:Robert Gordon's College
245:University of Rochester
120:University of Melbourne
101:University of Edinburgh
2670:Australian of the Year
1960:The Weekend Australian
1325:Vaccines Forgotten Man
1094:"Professor Ian Frazer"
1034:"Professor Ian Frazer"
872:Immunomodulatory drugs
642:Academy of Achievement
624:William B. Coley Award
560:Australia's government
537:Australian of the Year
514:led to Australian and
498:US. 7,476,389, titled
143:Australian of the Year
2383:James Cook University
1906:Queensland Newspapers
1804:Sydney Morning Herald
1692:. Elsevier: S10–S16.
1637:general practitioners
835:Teaching and industry
813:Queensland Government
794:Japanese encephalitis
465:intellectual property
360:. It was here in the
266:. He chose to pursue
241:Georgetown University
235:. Researchers at the
3527:Konstantin Novoselov
2555:on 12 September 2009
2469:Stateline Queensland
1585:developing countries
1064:"Meeting Ian Frazer"
576:veterinary scientist
570:Ian Frazer lives in
439:cancers, which kill
213:Director of Research
134:HPV vaccine creation
3617:Phillip Allen Sharp
2855:Galarrwuy Yunupingu
2106:www.achievement.org
1547:Message in a Bottle
1379:10.1056/NEJMe078088
1129:on 10 February 2010
986:10.1093/jnci/djj144
825:NHMRC program grant
677:Preventive Medicine
572:Brisbane, Australia
358:research laboratory
276:Bachelor of Science
255:Frazer was born in
92:Australian, British
3473:David Manolopoulos
2993:Mandawuy Yunupingu
2985:Peter Hollingworth
2918:Lowitja O'Donoghue
2910:Robert de Castella
2501:. 16 November 2008
2359:on 4 February 2013
2341:. 3 February 2014.
2197:on 8 December 2010
2035:Commonwealth Games
859:on papillomavirus
582:Awards and honours
488:Australian citizen
445:provisional patent
378:Doctor of Medicine
347:precancerous cells
321:to research viral
309:In 1980/81 Frazer
3755:Queensland Greats
3642:
3641:
3456:Steffen Lauritzen
3300:
3299:
2171:on 28 August 2010
2050:"Selected awards"
1964:national traitors
1880:978-1-74196-809-5
1666:on 6 April 2012.
1633:on 24 June 2009.
1477:developed nations
1372:(19): 1990–1991.
1311:978-0-340-74215-0
1189:(8508): 657–660.
1032:Thompson, Peter.
841:graduate students
628:Harald zur Hausen
602:John Curtin Medal
551:allergic reaction
544:US patent lawsuit
405:molecular biology
376:and received his
200:Ian Hector Frazer
197:
196:
166:Scientific career
32:Ian Hector Frazer
3767:
3627:Thomas A. Steitz
3478:Gerhard Materlik
3451:Robert Kennicutt
3327:
3320:
3313:
3304:
3303:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3229:
3223:Michelle Simmons
3221:
3213:
3205:
3197:
3189:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3157:
3138:
3130:
3122:
3114:
3106:
3098:
3090:
3082:
3074:
3066:
3047:
3039:
3031:
3023:
3015:
3007:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2956:
2948:
2940:
2932:
2924:
2916:
2908:
2900:
2892:
2884:
2861:
2849:
2837:
2829:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2793:
2787:Evonne Goolagong
2785:
2777:
2758:
2750:
2742:
2734:
2726:
2718:
2710:
2702:
2694:
2686:
2659:
2652:
2645:
2636:
2635:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2560:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2531:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2506:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2441:
2439:
2430:. Archived from
2422:(3). Singapore:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2355:. Archived from
2349:
2343:
2342:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2327:on 16 June 2012.
2326:
2320:. Archived from
2307:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2202:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2147:
2142:on 14 April 2009
2132:
2126:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2056:on 14 April 2009
2046:
2040:
2039:
2030:
2028:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1992:
1990:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1955:
1953:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1914:
1912:
1901:The Courier-Mail
1891:
1885:
1884:
1873:. Pier 9 Press.
1863:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1818:
1816:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1781:
1779:
1773:
1767:. Archived from
1732:
1723:
1717:
1715:
1701:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1662:. Archived from
1651:
1642:
1641:
1629:. Archived from
1618:
1609:
1608:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1561:
1559:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1486:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1432:The Courier-Mail
1426:
1420:
1419:
1401:
1399:
1381:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1338:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1281:
1279:
1274:on 14 April 2009
1264:
1258:
1257:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1166:Margaret Stanley
1151:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1108:on 5 March 2011.
1104:. Archived from
1089:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1029:
1016:
1005:
999:
998:
988:
964:
958:
957:
955:
953:
944:. Archived from
934:
857:Gates Foundation
821:tumor immunology
782:research funding
778:immunoregulation
683:Ramaciotti Medal
637:, Rio de Janeiro
512:Phase III trials
370:diagnostic tests
327:immunodeficiency
206:
77:
73:
71:
59:
28:
27:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3585:
3441:Colin Humphreys
3431:Janet Hemingway
3401:Nicholas Franks
3381:Doreen Cantrell
3366:Jeremy Baumberg
3361:Andrew Balmford
3344:
3331:
3301:
3296:
3291:Richard Scolyer
3283:
3275:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3240:
3227:
3219:
3215:Alan Mackay-Sim
3211:
3203:
3195:
3187:
3179:
3171:
3163:
3159:Patrick McGorry
3155:
3144:
3136:
3128:
3120:
3112:
3104:
3096:
3088:
3080:
3072:
3064:
3053:
3045:
3037:
3029:
3021:
3013:
3005:
2997:
2989:
2981:
2973:
2962:
2954:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2902:Edward Williams
2898:
2890:
2882:
2871:
2859:
2847:
2835:
2827:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2783:
2775:
2764:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2728:Robert Helpmann
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2696:Joan Sutherland
2692:
2684:
2673:
2663:
2606:
2601:
2591:
2589:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2558:
2556:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2529:
2527:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2504:
2502:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2474:
2472:
2461:
2457:
2450:recombinant DNA
2437:
2435:
2434:on 13 July 2011
2406:
2402:
2392:
2390:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2362:
2360:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2324:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2253:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2229:
2227:
2226:on 13 July 2012
2218:
2217:
2213:
2200:
2198:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2174:
2172:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2145:
2143:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2119:
2117:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2085:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2026:
2024:
2015:
2014:
2007:
1988:
1986:
1977:Klein, Renate.
1975:
1971:
1951:
1949:
1940:On Line Opinion
1931:
1927:
1910:
1908:
1892:
1888:
1881:
1864:
1860:
1847:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1814:
1812:
1795:
1791:
1777:
1775:
1774:on 27 July 2011
1771:
1743:(2–3): 253–79.
1730:
1724:
1720:
1678:
1674:
1652:
1645:
1619:
1612:
1597:
1593:
1573:GlaxoSmithKline
1557:
1555:
1541:
1537:
1522:
1520:
1511:
1499:
1497:
1489:
1448:
1444:
1427:
1423:
1397:
1395:
1356:
1352:
1344:Reader's Digest
1339:
1330:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1298:
1294:
1277:
1275:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1222:
1218:
1178:
1174:
1152:
1145:
1132:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1090:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1060:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1030:
1019:
1006:
1002:
965:
961:
951:
949:
948:on 9 April 2013
938:"TRI Executive"
936:
935:
931:
927:
884:
878:organisations.
837:
806:Squamous cancer
758:
746:
741:
584:
568:
508:
496:
457:GlaxoSmithKline
433:responsible for
386:
354:Senior Lecturer
335:HIV was a cause
253:
229:cervical cancer
202:
156:
151:
146:
118:
113:
103:
97:Alma mater
84:
78:
75:
69:
67:
50:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3773:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3715:Papillomavirus
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3633:Edward Stolper
3629:
3624:
3622:Carla J. Shatz
3619:
3614:
3609:
3607:Mikhail Gromov
3604:
3599:
3597:David Chandler
3593:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3571:Angela Vincent
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3546:
3541:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3493:David McMurtry
3490:
3485:
3483:James McKernan
3480:
3475:
3470:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3411:Steven Gamblin
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3356:Robin Allshire
3352:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3330:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3307:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3281:
3279:Taryn Brumfitt
3273:
3265:
3257:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3235:Richard Harris
3225:
3217:
3209:
3207:David Morrison
3201:
3193:
3185:
3177:
3169:
3161:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3134:
3126:
3118:
3110:
3102:
3094:
3086:
3078:
3076:Peter Cosgrove
3070:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2970:
2968:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2952:
2944:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2912:
2904:
2896:
2888:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2863:Neville Bonner
2857:
2845:
2843:Murray Tyrrell
2833:
2825:
2819:John Cornforth
2813:
2811:Bernard Heinze
2805:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2754:
2746:
2738:
2730:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2662:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2605:
2604:External links
2602:
2600:
2599:
2569:
2540:
2515:
2499:Brisbane Times
2486:
2455:
2400:
2389:on 16 May 2010
2370:
2344:
2330:
2294:
2277:Canberra Times
2263:
2237:
2211:
2182:
2156:
2127:
2093:
2067:
2041:
2023:on 13 May 2011
2005:
1998:The Australian
1969:
1925:
1886:
1879:
1858:
1829:
1789:
1718:
1672:
1643:
1610:
1591:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1509:
1487:
1442:
1421:
1411:adenocarcinoma
1350:
1328:
1317:
1310:
1292:
1259:
1216:
1172:
1143:
1111:
1081:
1051:
1017:
1000:
959:
928:
926:
923:
922:
921:
915:
909:
903:
897:
891:
883:
880:
876:not for profit
836:
833:
757:
754:
750:genital herpes
745:
742:
740:
737:
718:
717:
711:
705:
701:2011: elected
699:
692:
685:
679:
669:
663:
657:
651:
644:
638:
631:
620:
617:
611:
604:
598:
595:
583:
580:
567:
564:
521:antibody titer
507:
504:
495:
492:
385:
382:
252:
249:
195:
194:
191:
190:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
162:
161:
140:
136:
135:
132:
131:Known for
128:
127:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
79:
74:6 January 1953
65:
61:
60:
52:
51:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3772:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3660:Living people
3658:
3656:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3612:Thomas Hughes
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3581:Robert Watson
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3550:Mark Randolph
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3506:Arthur Milner
3503:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3446:Alex Kacelnik
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3376:Béla Bollobás
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3338:Royal Society
3335:
3328:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3314:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3292:
3288:
3287:Georgina Long
3282:
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3231:Craig Challen
3226:
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3208:
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3175:Geoffrey Rush
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3141:
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3132:Lee Kernaghan
3127:
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3101:
3095:
3093:
3092:Fiona Stanley
3087:
3085:
3079:
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3071:
3069:
3068:Gustav Nossal
3063:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3041:Cathy Freeman
3036:
3034:
3033:Peter Doherty
3028:
3026:
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3018:
3012:
3010:
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2897:
2895:
2894:John Crawford
2889:
2887:
2886:Manning Clark
2881:
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2878:
2874:
2868:
2864:
2858:
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2852:
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2844:
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2834:
2832:
2831:Edward Dunlop
2826:
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2823:Alan Stretton
2820:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2803:Patrick White
2798:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2782:
2780:
2779:Norman Gilroy
2774:
2773:
2771:
2767:
2761:
2755:
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2747:
2745:
2739:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2704:Jock Sturrock
2699:
2697:
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2689:
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2680:
2676:
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2655:
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2587:
2583:
2582:www.aahms.org
2579:
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2544:
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2097:
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2077:
2071:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2038:
2036:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2010:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1984:
1981:. p. 1.
1980:
1973:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1947:
1944:. p. 2.
1943:
1941:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1920:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1890:
1882:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1855:
1844:on 1 May 2010
1843:
1839:
1833:
1826:
1824:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1729:
1722:
1714:
1713:not feasible.
1709:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1650:
1648:
1640:
1638:
1632:
1628:
1624:
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1615:
1606:
1605:Science Times
1602:
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1107:
1103:
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1065:
1058:
1056:
1039:
1038:Talking Heads
1035:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1014:
1013:9780702249570
1010:
1004:
996:
992:
987:
982:
978:
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963:
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807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
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783:
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771:
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753:
751:
736:
734:
729:
727:
723:
716:
712:
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706:
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632:
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579:
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242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
219:. Frazer and
218:
214:
210:
205:
201:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
163:
159:
154:
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99:
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91:
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82:
76:(age 71)
66:
62:
58:
53:
49:
46:
43:
40:
37:
29:
26:
22:
3631:
3602:Joanne Chory
3576:Mark Walport
3566:Simon Tavaré
3556:Len Stephens
3548:
3544:Fiona Powrie
3536:
3504:
3499:Mervyn Miles
3497:
3465:
3436:Ian Horrocks
3405:
3371:Hagan Bayley
3271:Dylan Alcott
3255:James Muecke
3183:Ita Buttrose
3167:Simon McKeon
3124:Tim Flannery
3115:
3000:
2977:Fred Hollows
2958:Allan Border
2942:John Farnham
2867:Harry Butler
2736:Jack Brabham
2688:Frank Burnet
2590:. Retrieved
2581:
2572:
2564:
2557:. Retrieved
2553:the original
2543:
2535:
2528:. Retrieved
2518:
2510:
2503:. Retrieved
2498:
2489:
2480:
2473:. Retrieved
2468:
2458:
2443:
2436:. Retrieved
2432:the original
2419:
2413:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2387:the original
2373:
2361:. Retrieved
2357:the original
2347:
2333:
2322:the original
2309:
2297:
2285:. Retrieved
2276:
2266:
2254:. Retrieved
2240:
2228:. Retrieved
2224:the original
2214:
2206:
2199:. Retrieved
2195:the original
2185:
2173:. Retrieved
2169:the original
2159:
2151:
2144:. Retrieved
2140:the original
2130:
2118:. Retrieved
2105:
2096:
2084:. Retrieved
2070:
2058:. Retrieved
2054:the original
2044:
2032:
2025:. Retrieved
2021:the original
1996:
1994:
1987:. Retrieved
1972:
1957:
1950:. Retrieved
1938:
1928:
1916:
1909:. Retrieved
1904:. Brisbane:
1899:
1889:
1870:
1867:Lewis, Wendy
1861:
1853:
1846:. Retrieved
1842:the original
1832:
1820:
1813:. Retrieved
1802:
1792:
1783:
1776:. Retrieved
1769:the original
1740:
1734:
1721:
1711:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1667:
1664:the original
1659:
1634:
1631:the original
1604:
1594:
1563:
1556:. Retrieved
1546:
1538:
1528:
1521:. Retrieved
1505:
1498:. Retrieved
1474:
1470:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1403:
1396:. Retrieved
1369:
1363:
1353:
1342:
1324:
1320:
1301:
1295:
1283:
1278:14 September
1276:. Retrieved
1272:the original
1262:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1186:
1182:
1175:
1159:
1155:
1138:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:the original
1123:"Ian Frazer"
1106:the original
1097:
1072:. Retrieved
1067:
1042:. Retrieved
1040:. abc.net.au
1037:
1003:
976:
972:
962:
950:. Retrieved
946:the original
932:
920:, since 2014
914:, since 2004
908:, since 2003
902:, since 2002
896:, since 1989
890:, since 1988
865:
838:
827:and a NHMRC/
810:
798:HIV vaccines
790:dengue fever
759:
747:
739:Current work
730:
719:
673:Balzan Prize
585:
569:
548:
541:
530:
525:
509:
499:
497:
484:human trials
469:
451:, and later
387:
384:Breakthrough
351:
308:
261:
254:
199:
198:
180:Institutions
165:
25:
3730:WEHI alumni
3655:1953 births
3561:Patrick Tam
3538:John Parkes
3522:Werner Nahm
3512:John Morton
3488:Tom McLeish
3467:Ian Manners
3421:Alan Grafen
3416:John Goodby
3396:Alun Davies
3391:Alan Cowman
3386:Stan Cowley
3199:Rosie Batty
3191:Adam Goodes
3140:Mick Dodson
3100:Steve Waugh
3049:Mark Taylor
3017:Arthur Boyd
3009:Ian Kiernan
2795:Shane Gould
2752:Lionel Rose
2744:The Seekers
2720:Dawn Fraser
2712:John Eccles
2353:"About TRI"
1815:8 September
1569:other types
1417:vaccination
1286:pen-friends
882:Fellowships
802:skin cancer
786:hepatitis C
425:HPV vaccine
413:Xiao-Yi Sun
331:hepatitis B
290:was in the
225:HPV vaccine
89:Nationality
3649:Categories
3532:Mark Pagel
3517:Sean Munro
3426:Clare Grey
3406:Ian Frazer
3263:Grace Tame
3116:Ian Frazer
3108:Fiona Wood
3084:Pat Rafter
2950:Kay Cottee
2934:Dick Smith
2926:Paul Hogan
2760:Lord Casey
2426:& The
2415:Innovation
1823:pap smears
1226:Med J Aust
1183:The Lancet
979:(7): 433.
925:References
698:Gold Medal
556:patriotism
394:virologist
390:sabbatical
388:On a 1989
323:immunology
311:immigrated
304:Haddington
175:Immunology
83:, Scotland
70:1953-01-06
3461:Dennis Lo
2851:Alan Bond
2839:Raigh Roe
2446:adjuvants
2363:7 January
1785:immunity.
1457:", but, "
952:8 January
506:Celebrity
480:professor
467:in 2005.
429:unexposed
397:Jian Zhou
315:Melbourne
288:residency
282:, at the
251:Education
221:Jian Zhou
3340:elected
3001:no award
2586:Archived
2482:cancers.
2281:Archived
2256:14 March
2250:Archived
2230:18 March
2114:Archived
2080:Archived
1983:Archived
1946:Archived
1869:(2010).
1809:Archived
1765:10603131
1757:19697749
1708:18162240
1565:Cervarix
1553:Newsweek
1517:Archived
1392:Archived
1388:17494932
1254:29026390
1211:34973455
1068:Catalyst
995:16595773
861:vaccines
855:and the
829:Wellcome
756:Research
566:Personal
476:Gardasil
461:Cervarix
437:cervical
417:proteins
409:in vitro
401:cultured
372:for the
298:and the
268:medicine
227:against
110:M.B.B.S.
3590:Foreign
3349:Fellows
3342:in 2011
3336:of the
3334:Fellows
3293:(joint)
3237:(joint)
3025:John Yu
2668:of the
2666:Winners
2592:26 June
2287:8 March
2120:11 July
1482:poverty
1471:UQ News
1414:in situ
1246:3173194
1203:2876137
728:(NSW).
724:by the
435:70% of
419:into a
392:he met
272:physics
257:Glasgow
231:at the
215:of the
155:(2012),
150:(2008),
145:(2006),
81:Glasgow
2559:29 May
2530:28 May
2505:29 May
2475:29 May
2438:29 May
2393:29 May
2201:29 May
2175:29 May
2146:29 May
2086:29 May
2060:29 May
2027:29 May
1989:30 May
1952:29 May
1911:29 May
1877:
1848:28 May
1778:7 June
1763:
1755:
1706:
1558:29 May
1523:29 May
1500:29 May
1398:30 May
1386:
1308:
1252:
1244:
1209:
1201:
1133:29 May
1074:29 May
1044:29 May
1011:
993:
772:, the
744:Herpes
713:2022:
694:2009:
687:2008:
681:2008:
671:2008:
665:2008:
659:2007:
646:2007:
633:2007:
626:(with
622:2006:
606:2005:
600:2005:
294:, the
243:, and
172:Fields
160:(2012)
139:Awards
3245:2020s
3149:2010s
3058:2000s
2967:1990s
2876:1980s
2769:1970s
2678:1960s
2672:Award
2471:. ABC
2325:(PDF)
2306:(PDF)
1772:(PDF)
1761:S2CID
1731:(PDF)
1250:S2CID
1207:S2CID
1162:visas
1070:. ABC
804:(the
608:CSIRO
453:Merck
362:Lions
42:FRCPA
39:FRCPE
3284:2024
3276:2023
3268:2022
3260:2021
3252:2020
3228:2019
3220:2018
3212:2017
3204:2016
3196:2015
3188:2014
3180:2013
3172:2012
3164:2011
3156:2010
3137:2009
3129:2008
3121:2007
3113:2006
3105:2005
3097:2004
3089:2003
3081:2002
3073:2001
3065:2000
3046:1999
3038:1998
3030:1997
3022:1996
3014:1995
3006:1994
2998:1993
2990:1992
2982:1991
2974:1990
2955:1989
2947:1988
2939:1987
2931:1986
2923:1985
2915:1984
2907:1983
2899:1982
2891:1981
2883:1980
2860:1979
2848:1978
2836:1977
2828:1976
2816:1975
2808:1974
2800:1973
2792:1972
2784:1971
2776:1970
2757:1969
2749:1968
2741:1967
2733:1966
2725:1965
2717:1964
2709:1963
2701:1962
2693:1961
2685:1960
2594:2018
2561:2010
2532:2010
2507:2010
2477:2010
2448:and
2440:2010
2395:2010
2365:2013
2289:2012
2258:2018
2232:2012
2203:2010
2177:2010
2148:2010
2122:2020
2088:2010
2062:2010
2029:2010
1991:2010
1954:2010
1913:2010
1875:ISBN
1850:2010
1817:2006
1780:2010
1753:PMID
1704:PMID
1560:2010
1525:2010
1502:2010
1409:and
1400:2010
1384:PMID
1306:ISBN
1280:2009
1242:PMID
1199:PMID
1135:2010
1076:2010
1046:2010
1009:ISBN
991:PMID
954:2013
849:ACRF
792:and
675:for
535:and
278:and
211:and
124:M.D.
108:), (
64:Born
48:FTSE
2428:NUS
1745:doi
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1374:doi
1370:356
1234:doi
1230:149
1191:doi
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981:doi
870:on
853:WHO
449:CSL
366:HIV
313:to
302:in
209:CEO
106:BSc
45:FAA
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2534:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
