Iain Macleod - Knowledge

1562:, Prime Minister of the Central African Federation. After a long battle in the first half of 1961, and under pressure from cabinet colleagues, Macleod accepted Welensky's proposal for a council of 45 members, 15 of whom would be elected by a largely African electoral roll, 15 by a largely European roll, 14 by both rolls jointly (with a further stipulation that successful candidates had to gain at least 10% of the African votes and 10% of the European ones) and 1 by Asians. Macleod's role in these negotiations attracted damaging and much-remembered criticism by the party grandee, the Marquess of Salisbury, who had resigned from a senior position in the Cabinet over Cyprus in 1957. In a speech in the House of Lords on 7 March 1961, Salisbury denounced Macleod as "too clever by half" and accused him of bridge-table trickery. The new constitution, which was equally disliked by both Africans and Europeans, helped to weaken the Central African Federation, which was later wound up by Rab Butler at the Victoria Falls Conference on 5 July 1963. 6265: 5899: 1543:, contrary to the advice of the Governor and of other politicians. He had to threaten resignation in the Cabinet to get his own way, but won Macmillan round and Banda was released in April 1960 and almost immediately invited to London for talks aimed at bringing about independence. During a visit to Nyasaland in 1960, he is described as having been "gratuitously and grossly offensive, extremely rude and downright unpleasant at a meeting with the Governor, the provincial commissioners and senior police officers". On the following day, according to the same report, he "lost control of himself, shouted at the non-official members of Executive Council and told one of them to 'mind his own bloody business'". Elections were held in August 1961, and by 1962, the British and the 1289:

between Israel and Egypt had largely ceased. At Cabinet on Sunday 4 November, the Cabinet decided to go ahead with the landings (but hand over to peacekeeping duties to the UN at some future date, an option which Macleod (and Heathcoat Amory) argued was hardly compatible with use of force). The other options had been to postpone by 24 hours in the hope that Israel and Egypt might accept an Anglo-French occupation (a view supported by Butler, Kilmuir, Heathcote Amory and an "unnamed minister", presumed to be Macleod), or postpone indefinitely on the grounds that Israeli-Egyptian hostilities had already ceased (the view of Salisbury, Monckton and Buchan-Hepburn). Only Monckton had his dissent recorded, the others agreeing to accept the decision of the majority.

2252:(1982) observed in his portrait of Macleod that he "was always quite proud of his wife's comparatively exalted social connection" After her first husband was killed in the war, they married on 25 January 1941. The Macleods had a son and a daughter, Torquil and Diana, who were born in 1942 and 1944 respectively. They had a somewhat stormy marriage in which they retained a strong bond despite Macleod conducting a number of what his biographer describes as "romances" with other women (he quotes love letters written by Macleod but does not specifically say they went as far as sexual affairs). As was common for MPs' wives of the era, Eve looked after constituency matters whilst her husband concentrated on his career at Westminster. 1808:, angered at the supposed choice of Home. Macleod thought the new prime minister should be a "moderniser", with views on the liberal wing of the party, and in the House of Commons. They attempted in vain to persuade Butler, Macmillan's deputy (who Macleod had assumed would succeed him) not to serve in any Home cabinet, in the hope that this would prevent Home from forming a government. Macleod and Powell eventually refused to serve under Home as prime minister. He wrote of Enoch Powell's decision not to serve "One does not expect to have many people with one in the last ditch". 1426: 1285:

breach, as it happens, of the secret agreement between Britain, France and Israel) in order to bring the Americans on board, although they thought it unlikely to work, but it was not adopted. Macleod was telling others of his dismay that ministers had not been fully informed of the agreement with France and Israel. Either now or at some subsequent meeting Eden apologised to the Cabinet for his reticence "in time of war", causing Macleod to snap "I was not aware that we were at war, Prime Minister!" The Anglo-French ultimatum was on the afternoon of 30 October.

2027:, after which Macleod refused to speak to Powell again. Macleod's subsequent dealings with him were, Powell said, as if he was a pariah though Macleod 'knew what I said was not motivated by what is crudely called racialism, but he behaved as if he did not know'. Powell's speech generated huge public support and Macleod was horrified at the open racism of many of the members of the public who wrote to him on the topic, likening them to the disgusting creatures which are revealed when one overturns a stone. 5748: 8287: 1226:, which in turn triggered Nasser's nationalisation of the Canal. Macleod was also party to the Cabinet decision on 27 July, the day after nationalisation the Canal, that Nasser's action should be opposed on the grounds that the Canal was an international trust and that Britain, if necessary acting alone, should use force as a last resort. Macleod was not a member of the Egypt Committee, and still less was he party to Eden and Lloyd's secret dealings with the French and the Israelis. 8277: 1675:, who cherished his (somewhat exaggerated) reputation as an opponent of "appeasement", complained that such a book by a serving Cabinet Minister might be thought to express official sympathy for Chamberlain's policies. Downing Street had to brief the press that Macleod had written purely in a personal capacity; Shepherd suggests that Macleod's loss of favour with Macmillan, who had also been an opponent of appeasement, was accelerated by this episode. 2212: 1730:

the Conservative Party organisation. There was something of a conflict of interest between these two jobs as the former, which Butler would have liked to retain, required its incumbent to retain good professional relations with the Labour Party so as to keep the Parliamentary timetable running smoothly, whereas the latter required him to play a leading role in partisan campaigning. In order that he could have a salary he was also given the

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tired to work in the mornings after gambling for much of the night, although he tended to perk up as the day went on; he was popular with colleagues and on at least one occasion mucked in to work overtime for a last-minute order for Chinese banknotes. His biographer comments that he "might have stayed" had he found the work more interesting, but after tolerating him for a number of years De La Rue sacked him in 1938.

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regarded himself as "commander class" since his time at Staff College during the war. Colleagues "cut" Macleod in the House of Commons after the article and the affair permanently damaged his chances of becoming leader. Macmillan later advised Home, if asked why the Conservatives could not find a prime minister in the Commons and had had to appoint a Lord, to retort that

1814:, who had polled the Cabinet for their preferences, had listed Macleod as "voting" for Home. Some have seen this as a mistake, others as evidence that the consultation process was heavily rigged (i.e. that anybody who expressed the slightest willingness to serve under Home as a compromise if necessary was listed as "supporting" him). Macmillan's official biographer 2188:(opposition leader 1955–63) that, when offered their choice of weapons, they invariably chose boomerangs. It is said that Macleod was the only Conservative debater whom Harold Wilson, Gaitskell's successor as Labour leader, was afraid of. Wilson declared "they'll never have the sense to choose him ." He compared Wilson to a kipper, which has two faces. 1256:, as well as Heath who, as Chief Whip, attended Cabinet but was not technically a full member) who would want to postpone military action until all other options had been exhausted or until Nasser provided them with a better pretext, whichever came first. There were three unknowns and ten hawks—a narrow Cabinet majority in favour of military action. 1397:" "Sir, I never forget a face, but I will make an exception for yours". He then moved on to a blistering attack on Gaitskell, including the declaration that "I cannot conceal the scorn and contempt for the part that the Leader of the Opposition has played in this." He was discreetly congratulated afterwards by the Labour frontbencher 782:– his biographer comments that although not too much should be made of this, it suggests a lack of sentimental attachment to the Empire. He took no other part in student politics, but spent much of his time reading poetry and playing bridge, both for the University (he helped to found the Cambridge University Bridge Society) and at 1022:, were the only attendees, so Macleod elected his father Association Chairman and he selected his son as Parliamentary candidate, in due course receiving a letter of endorsement from Churchill. Macleod came bottom of the poll, obtaining 2,756 votes out of 13,000. Macleod's father died at the start of 1947, just at the onset of the 1281:

Amory) because of the lack of clear UN authority and the risk of antagonising the USA. However, they did not formally dissent from the Cabinet decision to invade if Israel attacked Egypt (the Cabinet were deceived about the extent to which such an attack had already been secretly agreed – "collusion" – by Eden and Selwyn Lloyd).

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the Cabinet, insisted on settling a separate railwaymen's strike, despite an arbitration award against them, as it was felt that they had more public sympathy than the busmen. On the bus issue, Macleod was overruled and forced to pick a fight with Frank Cousins on the pretext that they accept an independent arbitration award.

1955:, which allowed him a chauffeur-driven car, which he needed as his spinal disability—he was increasingly unable to move his back or neck—meant that he was no longer able to drive. Roy Jenkins recalled him arriving at Parliament and stepping out of his large car "like a discontented gnome" stepping out a "golden coach". 1987:" is attributed to him. Speaking in the House of Commons on 17 November 1965, he said: "We now have the worst of both worlds — not just inflation on the one side or stagnation on the other, but both of them together. We have a sort of 'stagflation' situation. And history, in modern terms, is indeed being made." 1033:, supervising the surrender of German forces and repatriation of Allied prisoners. In Norway, Macleod was in charge of setting prices for the country's stock of wine and spirits, much of which had been looted by the Germans from occupied France. In December 1945, he successfully defended a colonel at a 1326:

matter as important. On 20 November 1956 the question of collusion was raised in Cabinet, with Eden and Lloyd (who was in New York at a United Nations meeting) both absent; Shepherd believes that it was probably Macleod who raised it. The Cabinet agreed to stick to Lloyd's formula that Britain had not

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described him as "our trumpeter … any government needs a great trumpeter." Edmund Dell wrote: "His death was a tragedy for the Conservative Party and possibly for the country. He was a man of considerable intellectual brilliance and one of the finest debaters in the House of Commons. He was the first

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for advice; Walker described him as not "at ease on economics". He planned to hold down nationalised industry prices in an attempt to control inflation. Macleod bequeathed his successors a detailed plan for tax reform, much of which was put into action. He also left behind him an outline budget which

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attacked him as a social climber who had done his best to climb into the class at which he now sneered (e.g. by becoming a member of White's Club), but his biographer comments that a Conservative politician of that era had little option but to play the game by those social rules, and that Macleod had

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that Home might be a candidate for the succession, Macleod snapped "Don't talk nonsense" and "absolute rot; it's not a possibility." Macleod gave his usual excellent conference speech at Blackpool on 11 October, unlike Maudling and Butler, who damaged their leadership chances by giving poor speeches,

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his peerage) had behaved with less than complete honesty. He had initially appeared to rule himself out and had offered to help sample Cabinet opinion, before announcing his own candidacy. Macleod did not initially take Home's candidacy seriously, and did not realise the degree to which Macmillan was

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The Cabinet further considered the use of force on 24 October. On 25 October, Eden told the Cabinet that Israel would attack Egypt after all, but did not tell them about the secret Sèvres Protocol. Cabinet minutes record that Macleod was doubtful about the use of force (as were Monckton and Heathcoat

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On 11 September, at Cabinet, Eden tasked Macleod with finding out if there would be trouble from the unions in the event of military operations in the Eastern Mediterranean. However, Norman Brook advised Macleod to "hold his hand for the moment, as this was not the appropriate time". It is unclear if

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Macleod opposed the death penalty and supported legalisation of abortion and homosexuality; this did not help his acceptance by the more right-wing elements of his own party at the time. Macleod established good personal relations with several of his Labour opposite numbers, including both Bevan and

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Macleod's daughter Diana nearly died from appendicitis in October 1963, and it has been suggested that this may have affected his judgement. Nigel Fisher believed that Macleod had "some inner sourness" in 1963, attributable only in part to his daughter's serious illness, and largely to the fact that

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In October 1961, to appease Conservative right-wingers and dampen down an area of political controversy, Macmillan replaced Macleod as Colonial Secretary with Reginald Maudling, a much more emollient figure. Macleod replaced his old mentor Rab Butler as Leader of the House of Commons and Chairman of

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Cousins wanted to call out the petrol tanker drivers, in breach of another agreement, but was blocked from doing so by the TUC. The strike ended after seven weeks, and Macmillan dated the government's recovery in the polls from this point. After the TUC refused to back him, Cousins had had to settle

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Macleod had to settle strikes in the shipbuilding and engineering industries in 1957, but in 1958 the government felt able to take a stronger line with the London bus strike. Macleod initially accepted his own chief Industrial Commissioner's Investigation into the busmens' case. Macmillan, backed by

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had told him that he was not interested and that Monckton was not up to it. Macleod did not reply but showed the letter to Freddie Bishop, head of the Prime Minister's Private Office, and Cabinet Secretary Norman Brook for their comments; Eden, who was on the verge of a breakdown, did not regard the

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to the list. After interviews, he reached the final shortlist of four. Macleod came second after making a poor speech to the assembled Association at the selection meeting, but the winning candidate failed to achieve the required 10% majority. Amid accusations of skulduggery—the members had not been

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Contemporaries began to record him saying that autumn that he planned to enter politics and become prime minister. He continued to serve in France and the Low Countries until November 1944, when the 50th Division was, due to a highly critical shortage of manpower in the British Army at this stage of

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with him. He shot at his door until his revolver ran out of bullets, and then passed out after smashing down the door with a heavy piece of furniture. He demanded an apology the next morning for his refusal to play, although the two men remained friends thereafter. Dawtry later became Chief Clerk of

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Macleod believed that his political views were a mixture of those of his Liberal father and Conservative mother. He almost always called himself a "Tory" rather than a "Conservative". He believed in equality of opportunity rather than of outcome, and wrote that his ideal was "to see that men had an

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by the new prime minister, Heath. Despite being in pain, he made his one and only major speech on the economy as chancellor on 7 July 1970. In the speech Macleod bemoaned the high level of inflation and, at the same time, the highest level of unemployment since 1940. Later that day he was rushed to

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and to cut personal income tax, but not to increase indirect taxes, trusting that economic growth would make up the shortfall in revenue. He proposed a national lottery then opposed Jenkins when he proposed one; on another occasion he required Conservative MPs, to the irritation of some of them, to

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the following year. Macleod was most interested in social policy and had most input into the parts up to 1931, including Chamberlain's time as Lord Mayor of Birmingham and as Minister of Health. It had been intended as a potboiler to earn money for his daughter's social season, and Macleod had been

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detailing criminal acts committed during the 1940s and 1950s, for fear that they would fall into the hands of post-independence governments. This was done partly to avoid potential embarrassment to Britain, and partly to protect natives who had cooperated with the British. Many documents related to

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opposed Suez, either at the time or later. He was party to the two crucial Cabinet decisions: the first was the decision on 21 March for a policy of hostility to Nasser, who was seen as a threat to British interests in the Middle East, and of building new alliances with Jordan and Iraq; this led to

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Macleod and Powell were close friends at this time. He was astonished when the ascetic Powell became engaged. Powell, a much more industrious man, was somewhat jealous of Macleod's promotion at the Research Department, and had difficulty being selected for a winnable seat, so Macleod coached him in

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Many Conservative politicians of generations following Macleod recalled him as a highly effective speaker. His bald head and piercing gaze gave him a striking physical presence, and he was one of the most powerful platform speakers of his generation, in the league of Churchill or Aneurin Bevan. He

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During this period Macleod was noted for his attacks on Wilson. He used to refer to Wilson as "the little man" even though Wilson was actually slightly taller than him. Some of Wilson's entourage used to refer to Macleod as "the poison dwarf" but Wilson had, in the words of Macleod's biographer, a

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Macmillan's biographer D. R. Thorpe does not accept Macleod's analysis, arguing that Home was well ahead of Butler in Cabinet preferences if Dilhorne's official figures are to be believed (although he accepts that Edward Boyle's preference was misrecorded as being for Home rather than Butler), and

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criticised the government in a speech at Glasgow. Gaitskell moved a motion of censure over Macleod's treatment of the strike. Macleod had recently demanded more debates on industrial relations but in his Commons speech of 8 May now criticised the opposition for demanding one. He moved the house to

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On 2 November, the Cabinet agreed that even in the event of a ceasefire between Egypt and Israel, Anglo-French forces should still seize the Canal in a policing role until UN forces were able to take up the baton (Macleod and Heathcoat Amory were doubtful). By the weekend of 3–4 November, fighting

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At a time when average male earnings were around £200 per annum (around £11,000 at 2016 prices) and he was earning around £150 per annum at De La Rue, Macleod sometimes made £100 in a night gambling, but on another occasion had to borrow £100 from his father to pay his debts. Macleod was often too

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At Cabinet on the morning of 30 October, Lloyd reported that the USA was ready to move a motion at the UN condemning Israel, which had attacked Egypt in the Sinai the previous day, as an aggressor. Macleod and Heathcoat Amory approved of Lloyd's suggestion of postponing the attack by 24 hours (in

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Had he become prime minister, Butler had planned to make Macleod Chancellor of the Exchequer and had discussed the names of economists who could be asked to advise. Butler later wrote "I cannot help thinking that a man who always held all the bridge scores in his head, who seemed to know all the

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had instead filled his ammunition pouch with boiled sweets. British planners had expected 40% casualties on D-Day, and Macleod later recorded that he himself had fully expected to be killed, but on realising at midnight that he had survived D-Day decided that he would survive the war and see the

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in May, where he was injured in the leg by a flying log when a German armoured car burst through a road block which his men had just erected. He was treated in hospital in Exeter and left with a lifelong slight limp. In later life, besides his limp he suffered pain and reduced mobility from the

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His opponent, Roy Jenkins, believed that he would not have been a great chancellor – with youthful memories of the unemployment of the 1930s and adult experience of the lower levels of the postwar era, Macleod thought unemployment higher than 300,000 was too high, and so would have had trouble

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His political opponent Roy Jenkins later wrote that Macleod seemed to prefer to focus his attacks on more moderate Labour figures who might dispute the ownership of the centre ground with him. He wrote that Macleod had "some quality of self-destructiveness in him". He wrote that there was a

1584:. He described his lack of interest in the Caribbean Federation as "my main area of failure". In his final party conference speech as Colonial Secretary, in October 1961, he declared that "I believe quite simply in the brotherhood of man – men of all races, of all colours, of all creeds". 1073:

Enfield had been won by the Conservatives several times in the interwar period, but with a 12,000 Labour majority in 1945 was not regarded as an immediate prospect. In 1948, the Parliamentary boundaries were redrawn, and Macleod was unanimously selected for the new and much more winnable

1152:. Beginning his speech with the words "I wish to deal closely and with relish with the vulgar, crude and intemperate speech to which the House of Commons has just listened", he attacked Bevan with facts and figures and commented that a health debate without Bevan would be like " 992:

area to check on progress, driving past enemy-held strongpoints, with Lieutenant Colonel "Bertie" Gibb. He later recorded that he had "a patchwork of memories" of D-Day. He could remember what he ate but not when he ate it, or that when he went to load his revolver he found his

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did not proceed with this measure. Macleod's speech opposing steel nationalisation had been trailed as his comeback to frontline politics, but in the event was a damp squib. Nigel Fisher wrote that it was the only really bad speech of his career. Macleod did not contest the

2173:"calculated coldness" about his partisan attacks. Jenkins wrote that Macleod had "a darting crossword-puzzle mind fortified by a phenomenal memory" adding that "I am not convinced that he was a particularly nice man, but he had insight and insolence". Jenkins likens him to 1827:

express a tactical preference for Home, in the hope of bringing about a deadlock in which he would enjoy bargaining power, or perhaps even become prime minister himself, and that his subsequent anger was a result of guilt that he had helped to bring about a Home "victory".

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told of this requirement in advance and forty of them, the representatives of two branches, walked out in protest—a second meeting was scheduled, at which Macleod performed much better and won handsomely. Throughout both meetings he had been strongly supported by the local

1839:, believed Macleod was "too clever by three quarters". "His petulant refusal to serve under Home and the extended explanation he gave for it both deprived the government of its most effective political street fighter and undermined the new prime minister's legitimacy" ( 1818:

believed that Macleod's description of 17 October as "the key day" is evidence that he "changed his mind", having not previously had a particularly firm opinion. Macmillan's view was "well, you know … Macleod was a Highlander!" Others (e.g. Macmillan's biographer

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the London transport workers strike on terms which he could have obtained without striking. In October 1958 Macleod announced that he was letting the National Arbitration Tribunal go out of existence. Macleod had acquired a national reputation as a tough figure.

1112:, Macleod was seen as a protégé of Butler at the CRD. David Clarke thought Macleod the least intellectually gifted of the three but later came to think him the most politically gifted. All four men were elected to Parliament in February 1950, and along with 1237:, and found him "very "weak-kneed"" and "ill-informed". On 20 August, Macleod and Eden met Tewson, Beard of the Engineers' Union and Geddes of the Postmen's Union, and agreed that the upcoming TUC Conference would back an equivocal resolution by Geddes. 745:

in Edinburgh. Macleod showed no great academic talent, but did develop an enduring love of literature, especially poetry, which he read and memorised in great quantity. In his final year at school Macleod appears to have blossomed a little, standing for

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As Shadow Chancellor he concentrated on tax reform. Jenkins, Chancellor of the Exchequer at the time, wrote that he was never intimidated by him, and that Macleod concentrated on opposition rather than constructive proposals. Macleod planned to abolish

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that Macleod had been stricken during the 1960s by terminal cancer which had begun to affect his spine. However, Macleod's own doctor, a Dr Forster, said there was no evidence that Macleod was suffering from cancer at the time of his death. At the

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in 1993 described Macleod's attack on Gaitskell as "high order jugular debating", accusing Gaitskell of weak leadership in appeasing the militants of his own party and attacking him for refusing to endorse the findings of the arbitration tribunal.

2031:"wary respect" for him. In the late 1960s he attacked Wilson in a public speech for accusing the Conservatives of being unpatriotic. He called Wilson "a man whose vision is limited to tomorrow's headline" and, in an oft-quoted line, that whereas 2156:

adjusting to the new economic realities of the 1970s – but still would have been a better chancellor than Barber. He was already ill and old for his years, so would probably not have succeeded Heath as party leader, but might have prevented

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1982) "It was a bad book. I made a great mistake in writing it. It made me no money, and it has done me a lot of harm". Watkins conceded that the book "had been grudgingly and meanly reviewed". The book "sold poorly and was soon forgotten".

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promoted Macleod to the Cabinet as Minister of Labour and National Service. Eden regarded Macleod, still only 42 years old, as a possible future prime minister and thought the job would be valuable experience of dealing with trade unions.

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claimed that Butler persuaded Macleod not to resign, while a female friend of Macleod's recorded him turning up at her flat, demanding a drink, and declaring that he would have to resign having learned that Eden had deceived the Cabinet.

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Macleod missed the thinly-attended Cabinet on 18 October, but afterwards was sent Eden's minute that he'd told the French that every effort must be made to stop Israel attacking Jordan, whilst Eden had told Israel that Britain would

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in 1953, and shocked members by sitting up all night to play cards. His friend Enoch Powell was jealous at Macleod's rapid promotion, but offered Macleod the use of a room at his flat when Eve Macleod was seriously ill with polio.

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as a counterweight to Macleod. Although Macmillan sympathised with Macleod's aspirations, he was sometimes disturbed at the speed with which he progressed matters, and did not always come down on his side in political disputes.

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article "is true". Ian Gilmour also suggests that Dilhorne's refusal to speak out against Macleod in January 1964, when Macleod's credibility was at a low ebb, is strong evidence that Dilhorne knew his figures to be suspect.

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resigned as prime minister in October 1963. Despite Macleod's ability, as a result of his difficult term as Party Chairman, and memories of his time as Colonial Secretary, he was not a realistic candidate for the succession.

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In 1946, after an interview with David Clarke, Macleod joined the Conservative Parliamentary Secretariat, writing briefing papers for Conservative MPs on Scotland, labour (employment, in modern parlance) and health matters.

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walk out of a select committee meeting in protest. Jenkins later recorded that Macleod was not "an amiable "shadow" ... no doubt he was in pain ... Perhaps he also had a premonition that time was running out for him."

7872: 1558:) as "incredibly devious and tortuous" but "easily the one I am most proud of". Macleod's initial plan for a Legislative Council with an African majority (16 African members to 14 Europeans) was strongly opposed by 1166:, who the promising young backbencher was. When summoned to 10 Downing Street on 7 May, he claimed to have been half-expecting a reprimand for his refusal to serve a second term as a British representative at the 2231:

Blois, (1915–1999) in September 1939 whilst he was waiting to be called up for army service and she interviewed him for a job as an ambulance driver. Evelyn was daughter of Rev. Gervase Vanneck Blois, rector of

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On 17 January 1964 Macleod published a candid account of the 1963 party leadership contest, claiming that it was a conspiracy by an Etonian "magic circle". Macleod's article was written as a review of a book by

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reluctant to read seven boxes of papers from Chamberlain's sister Hilda (Chamberlain's letters to whom are an important primary source); it added little to the portrait painted by his official biographer

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in the early 1960s, overseeing the independence of many African countries from British rule but earning the enmity of Conservative right-wingers, and the soubriquet that he was "too clever by half".

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in 1946. Forty-seven applicants were already being considered; through a bridge connection Macleod arranged a meeting with the Enfield Conservative Association chairman and persuaded him to add his

851:, published in 1952 by Falcon Press, London. He was still earning money from playing and writing newspaper columns about bridge until 1952, when his developing political career became his priority. 654:. He was noted as a formidable Parliamentary debater and—later—as a platform orator. He was quickly appointed Minister of Health, later serving as Minister of Labour. He served an important term as 924:

with the 46th Division in Wye, under the Deputy Assistant Adjutant General (DAAG), Captain Dawtry. In 1941, a drunk Macleod almost killed Dawtry, as the latter had retired to bed rather than play

7927: 2263:, but subsequently managed to walk again with the aid of sticks and worked hard to support her husband's career. After her husband's death she accepted a peerage in 1971 and took her seat in the 3551: 1753:. He impressed on Macmillan the need for a major reshuffle in 1962, and recommended the dismissal of Selwyn Lloyd from the Exchequer although he did not have in mind anything as drastic as the " 7902: 2140:

was able to partially reverse, reaching the compromise of only applying the cut to older primary school children; even so, she would come to be known as "Margaret Thatcher, Milk Snatcher".

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A brilliant Commons performance made his career. On 27 March 1952, having been called fifth in the debate rather than third as originally scheduled, he spoke after former Health Minister

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article Macleod was censured by 15 votes to 14 (with 7 abstentions) by his local Conservative Association Executive Committee, but survived a No Confidence vote by 29 votes to 7.

968:. Macleod embarked on 1 June ready for the invasion, which was then postponed from 5 June to 6 June. The 50th Division, a highly experienced veteran formation which had fought in 836:, but in the late 1930s he was essentially living the life of a playboy from his bridge earnings. He was winning up to £2,500 per annum tax free (around £140,000 at 2016 prices). 8360: 7799: 8390: 7892: 7442: 6296: 5714: 7842: 4369: 2023:, believing it to be a breach of promises made by the Conservative Government to the Kenyan Asians. He fell out with his former friend Enoch Powell over the latter's 1968 8395: 8355: 6610: 4740: 710:

practice (providing medical services for those who could not afford to pay); the young Macleod would often accompany his father on his rounds. His parents were from the

1342:, took a straw poll of the Cabinet to determine his successor; despite his closeness to Butler, Macleod, along with the overwhelming majority of his colleagues, backed 941:, in 1943, and graduated early in February 1944, having for the first time had to test his abilities against other able men and found something of a purpose in life. 2169:

was also a superb negotiator with a grasp of detail. Never one to suffer fools, by middle age his disability made him very short-tempered and impatient with people.

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earned him a job offer. However, he devoted most of his energies to bridge and, by 1936, was an international bridge player. He was one of the great British

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When the results of the "customary processes" became known on 17 October (the "key day" as Macleod later called it), Macleod was, along with Enoch Powell,

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also criticises Macleod for only taking the preferences of the Cabinet into account, not those of junior ministers and backbenchers who were also polled.

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Macleod had no time to take any interest in the Pacific, South Arabia (modern-day Yemen and Oman), or the Mediterranean. He never met the Maltese leader

1295:

alleged that Macleod almost resigned on 4 November. Nigel Fisher wrote that this was not so, but that Macleod would have resigned if Butler had done so.

1145:

Churchill again became prime minister. Macleod was not offered office but instead became Chairman of the backbench Health and Social Services Committee.

397: 8370: 3559: 1449:

had helped focus his thinking on the inevitable end of Empire. He told Peter Goldman of the Conservative Research Department that he intended to be the

8385: 8335: 6730: 5968: 4799: 4720: 4324: 6499: 6289: 2042:, when Wilson claimed that Conservative transport policies might result in an increase in children's road deaths (Labour had recently introduced the 1811: 1607: 1011: 706:, Yorkshire, on 11 November 1913. His father, Dr. Norman Alexander Macleod, was a well-respected general practitioner in Skipton, with a substantial 8480: 8345: 7466: 6720: 6565: 5603: 4379: 4276: 1592: 1339: 1018:. There was no Conservative Party in the seat, so Macleod advertised an inaugural meeting. He and his father, a lifelong Liberal but an admirer of 8330: 7081: 6735: 1710: 1547:

cabinets had agreed that Nyasaland should be allowed to secede from the CAF; Banda was formally recognised as prime minister on 1 February 1963.

818: 8415: 8350: 6962: 4499: 5744: 7012: 6169: 6028: 5788: 5752: 4944: 4027: 3980: 3528: 1801: 1705:, on leading politicians who had failed to achieve prime ministerial office despite being widely expected to do so. He completed chapters on 1486: 1249: 673:, although it is unclear exactly what his recommendation had been). He refused to serve in Home's government, and while serving as editor of 414: 341: 1116:

who entered Parliament at the same time they became members of the "One Nation" group. Together with Angus Maude Macleod wrote the pamphlet

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At the age of 27, Macleod was already considered somewhat too old to be a platoon commander. Once fit for duty again, he served as a staff

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There seems little doubt that Macleod's wartime injury had combined with his smoking and overwork to shorten his life. Newspaper boss

1892:. He wrote his own weekly column under the pseudonym of "Quoodle" and also sometimes wrote signed articles complaining about what the 7907: 6725: 6164: 5768: 4658: 3942: 2224: 1883: 1858: 1854: 1587:

Welensky accused Macleod of a "mixture of cold calculation, sudden gushes of undignified emotion and ignorance of Africa". Historian

1075: 587: 473: 8055: 7244: 7173: 7168: 7159: 6695: 6690: 6104: 4557: 4529: 4484: 3677:

The Macleods – The Genealogy of a Clan, Section Four by Alick Morrison, M.A., by Associated Clan Macleod Societies, Edinburgh, 1974

2796: 1163: 1093:. Macleod was in joint, then sole, charge of Home Affairs. He drafted the Social Services section of the Conservative policy paper 921: 1361:, whose explicit remit had been to appease the unions. The unions were beginning to become more militant, under the leadership of 741:

in Skipton, followed by four years (beginning in 1923) at St Ninian's Dumfriesshire, followed by five years at the private school

8340: 7270: 7056: 6807: 6254: 6244: 6139: 5553: 5398: 5161: 5144: 4904: 4879: 2116: 1366: 1322: 1253: 897: 893: 3424: 2181:, who by attracting the admiration of a clique of younger men left a legend out of all proportion to their actual achievements. 1192:

Macleod consolidated rather than reformed the NHS, administered it well and defended it against Treasury attacks on its budget.

1062:, who could vote on Association matters despite in some cases being not yet old enough to vote for Parliament – the 15-year-old 7779: 7002: 6745: 6555: 5945: 5907: 5722: 5608: 1749:

Macleod's party chairmanship coincided with Selwyn Lloyd's tight economic policies, and poor by-election results, most notably

1357:

of the late 1940s) in return for a Contract of Service. He also hoped to take a tougher line with strikes than his predecessor

6264: 3385: 3300: 7086: 7051: 6842: 6492: 6149: 5888: 5613: 5267: 4755: 4750: 4730: 4642: 4631: 4245: 3872: 3831: 3812: 3790: 3771: 3715: 3696: 2529: 1631:. The book was largely ghostwritten by Peter Goldman, whose own promising political career would be aborted when he lost the 1037:, and was tipped for a career at the Bar by the presiding officer. He was demobilised from the British Army in January 1946. 965: 961: 844: 771: 620: 1501:

European delegates, including Macleod's brother Rhoderick, which agreed to a constitution and eventual black majority rule.

1029:

With the 50th Division now largely disbanded, its HQ was sent to Norway after the end of hostilities in May 1945 as part of

726:, tracing back to the early 1500s. They moved to Skipton in 1907. Macleod grew up with strong personal and cultural ties to 8420: 7718: 7564: 7046: 6787: 6767: 6700: 6249: 6239: 5873: 5653: 5313: 4989: 4969: 4959: 4894: 4804: 4524: 4474: 4088: 3947: 2276: 2272: 2072: 2039: 1964: 1735: 1686: 1544: 1414: 1159: 1142: 1079: 1050: 1015: 755: 651: 501: 210: 1999:

while serving as Shadow Chancellor in the 1960s (by contrast, he did not get on with Callaghan's successor as chancellor,

8038: 7814: 7518: 7239: 6997: 6992: 6982: 6817: 6214: 5823: 5413: 5210: 4766: 4514: 4489: 4034: 2707: 1652: 1494: 1438: 1241: 1170:, a job he found boring, but he was instead appointed Minister of Health, which was not a Cabinet position at that time. 905: 655: 308: 3107: 1505:

was freed in August 1961, and Kenya later became self-governing in June 1963 and fully independent on 12 December 1963.

8250: 8022: 7789: 7582: 7513: 6987: 6947: 6305: 6179: 4814: 4714: 4504: 4494: 4174: 4115: 3853: 3738: 3646:

Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, 107th edition, vol. 1, ed. Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 2003, p. 402

1912:, which he described as "Mr Macmillan's trailer for the screenplay of his memoirs". In his posthumously published book 1648: 1362: 1349:

Macleod had intended at first to be a reforming Minister of Labour – he attempted, in the teeth of resistance from the

1158:

without the first gravedigger". Churchill, who had been getting up to leave, stayed to listen and was heard to ask the

669:

as party leader and prime minister in succession to Macmillan in 1963 (he claimed to have supported Macmillan's deputy

262: 110: 1002:

the war, ordered to return to Yorkshire to be reconstituted as a training division. Macleod ended the war as a major.

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The MacLeods – The Genealogy of a Clan, Section Four by The Late Major Loudoun Hector Davenport MacLeod, RM, 1988

3273: 1861:

argues that Macleod's subsequent refusal to serve under Home makes it "inconceivable" that he had voted for him.

1790: 1754: 1565:

The burden of hospitality left Macleod seriously out of pocket. However, hospitality helped achieve a deal with

8425: 8203: 7837: 7827: 7598: 7135: 5813: 5353: 5343: 5333: 5184: 4979: 4782: 4061: 1941:

could not find an editor from amongst the journalists' profession and had instead had to appoint Iain Macleod.

1685:(26 November 1961) that "when national security is at stake one does not judge a statesman by his successes at 156: 1967:. His remit of opposing steel nationalisation came to naught as given his tiny majority Labour Prime Minister 1453:

Colonial Secretary, although he later wrote that he "telescoped events rather than creating new ones". He saw

1240:

On 25 August, the day after Monckton's "outburst" expressing doubts at the Egypt Committee, Cabinet Secretary

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Macleod's duties required him to discuss the Suez Crisis with union leaders. In August 1956, he spoke to

691: 56: 44: 2129: 762:

who stood as a Scottish nationalist and came second. He won the School History Prize in his final year.

8209: 8092: 7769: 6539: 5930: 4209: 1976:, but backed Edward Heath, whom he did not particularly like but thought would be a better leader than 1750: 1632: 1570: 1462: 1244:

sent a note to Eden listing Macleod as among those Cabinet members (the others being Butler, Monckton,

496: 2561:. Retrieved 29 May 2014. It was revised by one Peter Donovan and reissued by Ashford Press in 1988 as 1655:

persuaded the Prime Minister to demand amendments to conceal the degree of Cabinet involvement in the

1384:

would not have allowed such a strike, but Cousins felt compelled to support it, and Opposition leader

1311:, then a Conservative candidate in the North-East, made a speech urging that Macleod be party leader. 8107: 8102: 7862: 6640: 6635: 6595: 4394: 3617: 1676: 1656: 973: 3917: 2019:. In 1968 Macleod defied a decision of the Shadow Cabinet by voting against the Labour Government's 994: 679:

alleged that the succession had been stitched up by Macmillan and a "magic circle" of Old Etonians.

7962: 7897: 7723: 7645: 7508: 6625: 5778: 5438: 5293: 5283: 4708: 4698: 4688: 4454: 2008: 1059: 938: 3536: 2616: 2241: 1644: 8176: 7982: 7947: 7852: 7759: 7613: 6812: 6630: 6508: 6090: 5548: 5423: 5408: 5403: 5393: 5383: 5373: 5226: 4889: 4869: 4859: 4839: 4824: 2233: 2069: 775: 759: 636: 575: 8220: 7952: 7603: 6620: 4829: 4439: 2035:

had called himself "an idealist without illusions" Wilson was "an illusionist without ideals".

2024: 1671:

had demanded that the former King "reorder his private life" afterwards. Former prime minister

1525: 1493:

The state of emergency in Kenya was lifted on 12 January 1960, followed that same month by the

969: 945: 914: 1573:. Macleod was keen to point to a colony which was able to proceed peacefully to independence. 1338:

When Eden stepped down as prime minister in January 1957, Lord Kilmuir, formally witnessed by

1277:. On 23 October, Eden told the Cabinet that there had been secret talks with Israel in Paris. 8291: 8254: 7922: 7887: 6957: 5578: 4464: 4284: 2268: 2096: 1952: 1376:

Macmillan had picked a fight shrewdly, as the busmen had no allies amongst the other unions.

1350: 1307:

Suez alienated academics, journalists and other opinion-formers from the Conservative Party.

1234: 977: 957: 806: 3499: 1757:" in which Macmillan sacked a third of his Cabinet. With the political scandals of 1962–63 ( 1274: 8325: 8315: 8310: 7992: 7937: 7733: 7728: 7629: 6791: 6762: 6605: 6590: 5252: 4772: 4344: 4329: 3084: 1933: 1888: 675: 32: 6560: 2645: 2638: 1900:

or the BBC. He tolerated a range of political opinions amongst his journalists, including

1701:

Macleod contracted to write a second book (due for September 1962, but postponed), called

1413:

Macleod was on the Steering Committee to decide on political strategy in the runup to the

8: 8281: 8117: 7764: 7608: 6977: 6862: 6056: 5808: 5798: 5783: 5488: 4974: 4954: 4693: 4683: 4364: 2152:

was much less of a political heavyweight, and Heath was able to dictate economic policy.

1841: 1797:

but Home's leadership bandwagon grew despite a mediocre but rapturously received speech.

1624: 892:

129352. He was posted to the 2/7th Battalion, DWR, which was then serving as part of the

783: 719: 1425: 8232: 7774: 7178: 7061: 6832: 6575: 5973: 5453: 5019: 4939: 4924: 4914: 4648: 4636: 4626: 4598: 4354: 3504: 2621: 1909: 1706: 1606:

During his period as Colonial Secretary, Macleod ordered the systematic destruction of

1600: 1478: 1458: 1354: 1292: 1260:

this initiative came from Brook or was in response to an inquiry from Macleod himself.

1030: 814: 3044:

A complete guide to Uganda's Fourth Constitution : history, politics, and the law

1389:

laugh at Gaitskell by quoting the line of "Mr Marx, of whom I am a devoted follower –

8012: 7932: 7387: 7331: 7265: 7215: 6972: 6907: 6892: 6882: 6867: 6797: 6783: 6715: 6341: 6234: 6204: 6199: 6159: 5828: 5493: 5378: 5363: 5348: 5323: 5298: 5273: 5262: 5034: 4964: 4844: 4834: 4819: 4673: 4349: 4044: 3868: 3849: 3827: 3808: 3786: 3767: 3752: 3734: 3711: 3692: 3421: 3066: 3048: 2649: 2566: 2533: 2174: 2137: 2089: 1977: 1831:

Butler himself observed that "Macleod was very shifty, much more so than you think".

1805: 1781: 1612: 1551: 1308: 1300: 1167: 1109: 1019: 953: 881: 802: 666: 437: 353: 7972: 7145: 6877: 6600: 6436: 6416: 5915: 5853: 5803: 5618: 5543: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5478: 5468: 5308: 5247: 5237: 5094: 5014: 4929: 4849: 4725: 4663: 4374: 4359: 4334: 3973: 2016: 1793: 1785: 1773: 1758: 1628: 1474: 1343: 1213:

Macleod was not directly involved in the collusion with France and Israel over the

1054: 984:

was to be set up, and by the end of the day patrols had pushed to the outskirts of

981: 909: 779: 659: 451: 179: 6477: 5153: 2052:; according to another MP he shouted "swine!") at Wilson across the despatch box. 1627:, whose reputation then stood at a very low ebb because of recent memories of the 8122: 7111: 7106: 7066: 6857: 6585: 6461: 6336: 6229: 6066: 5998: 5978: 5848: 5688: 5673: 5498: 5483: 5473: 5463: 5288: 5039: 4999: 4949: 4703: 4519: 4434: 4419: 4314: 3958: 3428: 2287: 2125: 2109: 2032: 1992: 1762: 1739: 1596: 1588: 1513: 1358: 1217:, but although he was unhappy at the turn of events, he did not resign. He never 877: 798: 643: 515: 3655:

Brief Lives with some memoirs, Alan Watkins, Hamish Hamilton, 1982, pp. 111- 112

734:

estate on the Isle of Lewis, where they often used to stay for family holidays.

7559: 7399: 7280: 7197: 7188: 7116: 7041: 7036: 6912: 6822: 6678: 6456: 6431: 6421: 6401: 6386: 6326: 6316: 6184: 6129: 6113: 6013: 5963: 5935: 5925: 5883: 5747: 5698: 5678: 5668: 5658: 5648: 5433: 5418: 5318: 5195: 5124: 5104: 5099: 5084: 5054: 5004: 4809: 4777: 4760: 4604: 4582: 4449: 4309: 4237: 4152: 3902: 2293:

His estate was valued for probate at £18,201 (around £250,000 at 2016 prices).

2264: 2185: 2178: 2149: 2015:

As Shadow Chancellor in 1967 Iain Macleod helped to found the homeless charity

1815: 1566: 1540: 1430: 1385: 1230: 908:. Macleod's battalion was sent overseas to France in time to see action in the 889: 873: 751: 742: 103: 3087:, A Proconsul in Africa, by Colin Baker, pub. I. B. Tauris, London, 2000, p.69 8304: 8002: 7435: 7411: 7375: 7229: 7206: 7183: 7140: 7101: 7076: 6927: 6917: 6902: 6466: 6426: 6411: 6371: 6331: 6304: 6174: 6071: 6061: 6051: 5843: 5838: 5818: 5793: 5663: 5598: 5443: 5119: 5079: 5064: 4984: 4919: 4874: 4592: 4424: 4409: 4399: 4389: 4319: 4304: 4289: 4218: 3800: 3726: 3624: 3052: 1968: 1897: 1637: 1502: 1482: 1442: 1441:

in October 1959. He had never set foot in any of Britain's colonies, but the

1381: 1149: 1063: 1034: 747: 715: 711: 1623:

In 1961, Macleod published a sympathetic biography of former prime minister

1481:

in 1960. He would often find himself in conflict with the more conservative

7319: 7275: 7164: 7150: 7091: 6887: 6872: 6615: 6580: 6451: 6441: 6406: 6396: 6376: 6361: 6346: 6189: 6123: 6041: 6008: 6003: 5988: 5983: 5920: 5878: 5593: 5573: 5533: 5503: 5205: 5089: 5069: 5059: 5029: 4614: 4339: 4229: 4108: 4071: 4017: 3897: 3841: 2791: 2245: 2085: 2081: 2043: 1996: 1901: 1832: 1820: 1690: 1672: 1559: 1466: 1390: 1377: 1317: 1201: 1174: 1113: 1101: 869: 865: 829: 687: 383: 203: 79: 2554: 690:. When the Conservatives returned to power in June 1970, he was appointed 7459: 7423: 7126: 7071: 6937: 6922: 6757: 6381: 6366: 6356: 6224: 6144: 6046: 6036: 6018: 5703: 5588: 5583: 5558: 5338: 5328: 5129: 5114: 5109: 5044: 4994: 4854: 4794: 4384: 4135: 4125: 3684: 2570: 2200: 2144: 2088:; He was discharged 11 days later. At 10.30 pm on 20 July, while in 2000: 1984: 1870: 1865:

he himself was not being considered as a candidate. Roy Jenkins concurs.

1663:(who was still alive in 1961) and the degree to which the civil servants 1660: 1599:

has called him the greatest of Britain's colonial secretaries apart from

1581: 1521: 1402: 1312: 1296: 1214: 1178: 1105: 1067: 810: 91: 1273:

come to Egypt's aid. It is not known whether Macleod knew of the secret

7754: 7353: 7234: 7224: 7219: 7210: 7201: 7192: 7017: 6897: 6321: 5683: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5623: 5523: 5074: 5009: 4509: 4167: 4054: 3689:

The Chancellors: A History of the Chancellors of the Exchequer, 1945-90

2256: 2189: 1857:

and Eve Macleod all rejected this interpretation of Macleod's actions.

1718: 1398: 1185: 1090: 949: 925: 880:. On 20 April 1940, he was commissioned as an officer with the rank of 731: 723: 670: 615: 191: 2211: 8087: 7447: 6932: 6852: 6827: 6219: 5563: 5458: 5448: 4934: 3042: 2267:

as Baroness Macleod of Borve. Macleod's daughter Diana Heimann was a

2121: 1681: 1532: 1394: 1223: 989: 833: 794: 3301:"The Spectator book review that brought down Macmillan's government" 1181:. He did so at a press conference throughout which he chain-smoked. 7967: 7131: 6446: 2558: 2460:

Iain Macleod: A Biography, Robert Shepherd, Pimlico, 1995, pp. 2- 3

2283: 2216: 1731: 1574: 727: 707: 8476:

Ministers in the Macmillan and Douglas-Home governments, 1957–1964

1724: 3912: 3390: 2048: 1508:

As the Secretary of State for the Colonies, Macleod attended the

1454: 703: 646:

player in his twenties, after war service Macleod worked for the

547: 6082: 3388:. "Economic Affairs". House of Commons Debate 17 November 1965. 1963:

Macleod returned to the shadow cabinet under Home following the

1577:, as it was renamed, became fully independent in December 1961. 964:, a first line TA formation, under the command of Major-General 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2060: 1555: 1536: 1470: 1154: 985: 564: 1995:, even though he clashed with Callaghan numerous times at the 793:

A bridge connection with the chairman of the printing company

2260: 1446: 1222:

the withdrawal of American and British financial aid for the

932: 694:

in Heath's government, but died suddenly only a month later.

3224: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3018: 3016: 3006: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2576: 2769: 2767: 2730: 2728: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2342: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2163: 1893: 840: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3234: 2990: 2988: 2503: 2501: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2148:

professional gambler to become Chancellor…" His successor

1765:) the Conservatives sank ever lower in the opinion polls. 718:

of Scotland, his father a descendant of tenant farmers on

7471: 6306:

Shadow Chancellors of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom

3394:. Volume 720. Columns 1155–284. Retrieved 7 October 2009. 3213: 3134: 3013: 2997: 2683: 2681: 1980:. He expected to have received 40–45 votes had he stood. 1974:

first ever Conservative Party leadership election in 1965

839:

He later wrote a book that contains a description of the

774:, where he read History. His only recorded speech at the 684:

first ever Conservative Party leadership election in 1965

3341: 3339: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3187: 2933: 2931: 2929: 2892: 2890: 2871: 2869: 2764: 2725: 2092:, he suffered a heart attack and died at 11.35 pm. 2055: 2038:

On 14 May 1970, in the House of Commons just before the

1768: 1738:, a less prestigious office than the other sinecures of 1433:

at the Constitutional Conference, Tanganyika, March 1961

1173:

Later in 1952, Macleod announced that British clinician

3552:"How Margaret Thatcher became known as 'Milk Snatcher'" 3231: 2985: 2498: 2303: 2192:

specifically cited Macleod's example on taking office.

1005: 8466:

Ministers in the third Churchill government, 1951–1955

8361:

Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies

3725:

Goldsworthy, David (2004). "Macleod, Iain Norman". In

3353: 3351: 3177: 3175: 3173: 2678: 1944:

On the twentieth anniversary of D-Day Macleod wrote a

1353:, to negotiate a Workers' Charter (a throwback to the 8391:

Leaders of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom

3336: 3184: 2926: 2887: 2866: 2468: 2466: 832:

and went through the motions of studying to become a

8184:

European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance

7702:

Organisations associated with the Conservative Party

2708:"A Spectator editor's account of the D-Day landings" 2524: 2522: 2290:, near his mother who had died seven weeks earlier. 1417:, at which the Macmillan government was re-elected. 6507: 5183: 3348: 3170: 1916:(April 1982) Butler wrote that "every word" of the 1049:Macleod was selected as Conservative candidate for 8396:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom 8356:Chancellors of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom 2637: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2463: 1780:Macleod believed that the Earl of Home (later Sir 1200:In the reshuffle of December 1955, Prime Minister 7873:Conservative National Property Advisory Committee 3733:. Vol. 35. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2519: 2255:Evelyn Macleod was struck down in June 1952 with 2184:He commented about Labour parliamentarians under 1643:Macleod used government papers in breach of the " 1120:in 1950, and together with Enoch Powell he wrote 8302: 4267: 3848:(Kindle ed.). London: Chatto & Windus. 3764:Suez: Britain's End of Empire in the Middle East 3444:(London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1998), p. 457. 2800:(London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1998), p. 457. 1951:Macleod also became a non-executive director of 904:(TA) formation, then commanded by Major-General 665:Macleod was unhappy with the "emergence" of Sir 635:(11 November 1913 – 20 July 1970) was a British 8321:Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge 6029:Secretaries of State for Health and Social Care 3298: 3265: 2484: 1725:Leader of the House and Party Chairman, 1961–63 3108:"Britain destroyed records of colonial crimes" 2143:His death was a blow to the Heath government. 2080:hospital with what was thought at first to be 6493: 6290: 6098: 5730: 5169: 4253: 1948:article about his experiences (5 June 1964). 828:In order to placate his father he joined the 7683: 2635: 2530:"Compute the Relative Value of a U.K. Pound" 2199:He is credited with inventing the term "the 1082:and hold comfortably throughout his career. 988:. Macleod spent much of the day touring the 864:In September 1939, upon the outbreak of the 730:, as his parents bought in 1917 part of the 8471:Ministers in the Eden government, 1955–1957 8227:European Conservatives and Reformists Group 8167:European Conservatives and Reformists Party 7883:Conservative Science & Technology Forum 3918:contributions in Parliament by Iain Macleod 3724: 1263: 373:20 December 1955 – 14 October 1959 7908:Conservative Workers & Trade Unionists 6500: 6486: 6297: 6283: 6105: 6091: 5737: 5723: 5176: 5162: 4260: 4246: 2625:(Supplement). 23 April 1940. p. 2459. 2196:equal chance to make themselves unequal". 1516:in 1961 alongside then-Governor of Uganda 933:Staff College, D-Day and European campaign 43: 8386:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley 8336:British and Irish contract bridge players 7623:Directly elected city mayoral authorities 1873:so successfully would have been useful". 1085:In 1948, the Secretariat merged with the 786:and in the West End. He graduated with a 758:; he came third, behind the Unionist and 702:Iain Macleod was born at Clifford House, 321:14 October 1959 – 9 October 1961 275:9 October 1961 – 20 October 1963 223:9 October 1961 – 20 October 1963 169:9 October 1961 – 20 October 1963 19:For other people with similar names, see 7304: 6561:History of conservatism in Great Britain 5908:Secretaries of State for Social Services 5753:Health Secretaries of the United Kingdom 5143:Interim Chancellor of the Exchequer, as 3862: 3821: 3498: 3442:Like the Roman: The Life of Enoch Powell 3067:"Uganda Constitutional Conference, 1961" 2797:Like the Roman: The Life of Enoch Powell 2615: 2240:- and his wife Hester, whose father was 2210: 2164:Oratory, personality and political views 2128:. This included the proposal to abolish 2059: 1835:, later to succeed Macleod as editor of 1424: 1177:had proved the link between smoking and 486:23 February 1950 – 20 July 1970 123:11 November 1965 – 20 June 1970 8481:Military personnel from North Yorkshire 8346:Chairmen of the Conservative Party (UK) 7261:Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party 4008:Minister of Labour and National Service 3799: 3780: 3271: 2705: 2282:Macleod is buried in the churchyard of 1823:) have suggested that Macleod actually 1717:, and planned to write a chapter about 1528:, which took effect on 9 October 1962. 1524:. The conference resulted in the first 361:Minister of Labour and National Service 8371:Duke of Wellington's Regiment officers 8331:British Army personnel of World War II 8303: 7928:Conservatives for International Travel 7780:Conservative Animal Welfare Foundation 3846:Supermac: The Life of Harold Macmillan 3840: 3705: 3292: 3040: 2003:, considering him vain and arrogant). 1477:become independent. He made a tour of 1346:, regarding him as a stronger leader. 1040: 998:birth of his second child in October. 765: 427:7 May 1952 – 20 December 1955 8416:Secretaries of State for the Colonies 8351:Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster 8144: 8076: 7903:Conservative Women National Committee 7682: 7490: 7303: 6666: 6521: 6481: 6278: 6086: 5718: 5157: 4241: 3549: 2056:Chancellor of the Exchequer and death 1896:describes as his "pet hates" such as 1789:promoting it. When first told by his 1769:Conservative leadership contest, 1963 1591:wrote that "Macleod was to Africa as 1420: 1195: 1136: 1010:Macleod unsuccessfully contested the 962:50th (Northumbrian) Infantry Division 772:Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge 621:Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge 4089:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 3761: 3683: 2451:(London: Hutchinson, 1994), pp. 6–8. 2242:Herbert Pakington, 3rd Baron Hampton 2068:On 20 June 1970, two days after the 1958: 1736:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1122:The Social Services: Needs and Means 1006:1945 election and final Army service 956:on 6 June 1944, as Deputy Assistant 211:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 69:20 June 1970 – 20 July 1970 8145: 7815:Conservative Friends of the Chinese 7519:Treasurer of the Conservative Party 7491: 4035:Secretary of State for the Colonies 3805:A History of British Trade Unionism 3299:Vernon Bogdanor (18 January 2014). 3105: 1569:, Prime Minister of self-governing 1439:Secretary of State for the Colonies 1131: 686:, but endorsed the eventual winner 656:Secretary of State for the Colonies 309:Secretary of State for the Colonies 13: 8486:People with ankylosing spondylitis 8381:English people of Scottish descent 8251:Ulster Conservatives and Unionists 7790:Conservative Co-operative Movement 7514:Conservative Campaign Headquarters 4116:Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer 3863:Williams, Philip Maynard (1985) . 3535:. 28 February 1972. Archived from 2120:some observers found surprisingly 1550:Macleod described his policy over 1333: 778:was in his first term against the 263:Chairman of the Conservative Party 111:Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer 14: 8497: 8401:People educated at Fettes College 7918:Conservatives Against Fox Hunting 7848:Conservative Humanist Association 7833:Conservative Friends of Palestine 7819:Conservative Friends of Gibraltar 7785:Conservative Christian Fellowship 7739:Association of Conservative Clubs 7719:Conservative Women's Organisation 6556:History of the Conservative Party 6112: 3894:"The tragic loss of Iain Macleod" 3882: 3708:Neville Chamberlain (Reputations) 3272:Macleod, Iain (17 January 1964). 1510:Ugandan Constitutional Conference 8285: 8275: 7878:Conservative Rural Affairs Group 7662:Conservative Party Review (2016) 7565:Conservative Chief Whip's Office 7544:National Conservative Convention 7528:Conservative Research Department 6263: 5897: 5746: 3927:Parliament of the United Kingdom 3731:Dictionary of National Biography 3550:Smith, Rebecca (8 August 2010). 2595:"British Army officer histories" 2124:in its proposals for control of 1876: 1539:), he pushed for the release of 1124:which appeared in January 1952. 1087:Conservative Research Department 648:Conservative Research Department 8128:Society of Conservative Lawyers 8077: 7810:Conservative Friends of America 6510:Conservative and Unionist Party 5956:Secretaries of State for Health 5185:Leaders of the House of Commons 4175:Chair of the Conservative Party 3889:British Army Officers 1939−1945 3658: 3649: 3640: 3631: 3611: 3602: 3593: 3584: 3575: 3566: 3543: 3521: 3512: 3492: 3483: 3474: 3465: 3456: 3447: 3434: 3415: 3406: 3397: 3378: 3369: 3360: 3327: 3318: 3256: 3247: 3204: 3161: 3152: 3125: 3099: 3090: 3077: 3059: 3034: 3025: 2976: 2967: 2958: 2949: 2940: 2917: 2908: 2899: 2878: 2857: 2848: 2839: 2830: 2821: 2812: 2803: 2785: 2776: 2755: 2746: 2737: 2699: 2690: 2669: 2629: 2609: 2548: 1485:, whom Macmillan had appointed 596: 8341:British MPs who died in office 7868:Conservative Education Society 7838:Conservative Friends of Turkey 7828:Conservative Friends of Israel 7795:Conservative Countryside Forum 7599:Northern Ireland Conservatives 6667: 4062:Leader of the House of Commons 3529:"Education: The Milk Snatcher" 2510: 2475: 2454: 2441: 2132:in primary schools, which new 2101:The Cecil King Diary 1970–1974 1611:the brutal suppression of the 1208: 854: 650:before entering Parliament in 157:Leader of the House of Commons 1: 8214:European People's Party Group 7823:Conservative Friends of India 7800:Conservative Disability Group 7583:Conservative Party Conference 3867:. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd. 3508:. 26 June 1970. p. 7103. 3106:Ian, Cobain (18 April 2012). 2706:Macleod, Iain (6 June 2024). 2296: 2021:Commonwealth Immigration Bill 1744:Lord President of the Council 1330:the Israeli attack on Egypt. 886:Duke of Wellington's Regiment 697: 21:Iain MacLeod (disambiguation) 8239:Movement for European Reform 8173:International Democrat Union 7958:Margaret Thatcher Foundation 7893:Conservative Transport Group 7888:Conservative Trade Unionists 4269:Chancellors of the Exchequer 2563:Bridge is Still an Easy Game 2438:Goldsworthy 2004, pp. 810–16 1845:, 3 October 2004). However, 1608:colonial papers and evidence 976:, was tasked with capturing 859: 770:In 1932, Macleod went up to 682:Macleod did not contest the 7: 8421:Sportspeople from Yorkshire 8245:Alliance for an Open Europe 8221:European Conservative Group 7805:Conservative European Forum 6611:General election manifestos 6522: 5227:Vacant (caretaker ministry) 4143:Chancellor of the Exchequer 3751:(Allen Lane, London, 2002) 3412:Jenkins 1993, pp. 36, 47–48 2238:Sir John Blois, 8th Baronet 2136:and future prime minister, 2108:, Macleod was succeeded by 2084:, but was in fact a pelvic 2077:Chancellor of the Exchequer 2073:unexpected election victory 2064:Macleod campaigning in 1970 1233:, General Secretary of the 1184:Macleod became a member of 1024:exceptionally bitter winter 982:Mulberry artificial harbour 692:Chancellor of the Exchequer 642:A playboy and professional 57:Chancellor of the Exchequer 10: 8502: 8204:Conservative–DUP agreement 7843:Conservative History Group 7770:Blue Collar Conservativism 6540:Conservative Party Archive 3671: 3628:, 3 December 1965, page 11 1545:Central African Federation 1497:, containing Africans and 1495:Lancaster House Conference 1095:The Right Road for Britain 868:, Macleod enlisted in the 18: 8292:United Kingdom portal 8272: 8192: 8162:List of current alliances 8155: 8151: 8140: 8108:Centre for Social Justice 8103:Centre for Policy Studies 8083: 8072: 8031: 8018:Young Britons' Foundation 7863:Conservative Muslim Forum 7747: 7711: 7693: 7689: 7678: 7654: 7646:Conservative Associations 7638: 7622: 7591: 7575: 7552: 7536: 7501: 7497: 7486: 7310: 7299: 7253: 6946: 6841: 6744: 6677: 6673: 6662: 6626:Irish Conservative Party 6596:Unionist Free Food League 6548: 6532: 6528: 6517: 6312: 6261: 6120: 6027: 5954: 5906: 5895: 5759: 5191: 5138: 4739: 4543: 4275: 4226: 4214: 4206: 4201: 4191: 4172: 4164: 4159: 4149: 4140: 4132: 4122: 4113: 4105: 4095: 4086: 4078: 4068: 4059: 4051: 4041: 4032: 4024: 4014: 4005: 3997: 3987: 3978: 3970: 3965: 3955: 3937: 3932: 3925: 3822:Shepherd, Robert (1994). 3749:Lloyd George: War Leader 3691:. London: HarperCollins. 3471:Shepherd 1994, pp. 516–17 3431:. Crisis (crisis.org.uk). 3403:Shepherd 1994, pp. 454–55 3228:Shepherd 1994, pp. 326–27 3149:Shepherd 1994, pp. 270–72 3022:Shepherd 1994, pp. 138–39 3010:Williams 1979, pp. 462–64 2964:Shepherd 1994, pp. 119–20 2914:Shepherd 1994, pp. 117–18 2836:Shepherd 1994, pp. 102–03 2206: 1983:The coinage of the word " 1066:was a branch officer for 948:, he landed in France on 739:Ermysted's Grammar School 626: 614: 606: 581: 571: 554: 530: 525: 521: 509: 490: 479: 469: 457: 445: 431: 420: 413: 403: 391: 377: 366: 359: 347: 335: 325: 314: 307: 297: 287: 279: 268: 261: 249: 237: 227: 216: 209: 197: 185: 173: 162: 155: 145: 135: 127: 116: 109: 97: 85: 73: 62: 55: 51: 42: 30: 8411:Royal Fusiliers soldiers 8376:English magazine editors 8199:List of former alliances 7988:One Nation Conservatives 7898:Conservative Way Forward 7684:Associated organisations 7509:Conservative Party Board 5779:Arthur Griffith-Boscawen 4160:Party political offices 3783:Portraits and Miniatures 3041:David., Mukholi (1995). 2884:Shepherd 1994, p. 115–16 2773:Shepherd 1994, pp. 53–54 2761:Shepherd 1994, pp. 40–41 2734:Shepherd 1994, pp. 33–34 2675:Shepherd 1994, pp. 28–29 2555:"Bridge is an easy game" 2507:Shepherd 1994, pp. 22–24 2075:, Macleod was appointed 2009:Selective Employment Tax 1886:appointed him editor of 1755:Night of the Long Knives 1618: 1264:Suez: decision to invade 1078:, which he would win in 1070:(a working class area). 939:Staff College, Camberley 805:in 1937, with teammates 754:in the mock election in 8366:Contract bridge writers 8282:Conservatism portal 8210:European People's Party 8177:European Democrat Union 7983:Northern Research Group 7948:European Research Group 7853:Conservative Mainstream 7614:Gibraltar Conservatives 6636:Scottish Unionist Party 3244:Thorpe 2010, pp. 574–76 3158:Dutton 2001, pp. 141–42 3047:. Fountain Publishers. 3031:Pelling 1992, pp. 233-4 2994:Jenkins 1993, pp. 40–41 2982:Pelling 1992, pp. 233-4 2946:Kyle 1991, pp. 428, 442 2818:Shepherd 1994, p. 91–92 2809:Shepherd 1994, p. 53–54 2234:Hanbury, Worcestershire 1751:Orpington in March 1962 1679:wrote in his review in 1520:and Ugandan politician 1246:Derrick Heathcoat Amory 776:Cambridge Union Society 7913:Conservatives 4 Cities 7604:Scottish Conservatives 6646:National Liberal Party 6621:Liberal Unionist Party 3781:Jenkins, Roy (2012) . 3706:Dutton, David (2001). 3608:Shepherd 1994, pp. 7–8 3427:7 October 2009 at the 2687:Sandford 2005, pp. 285 2220: 2158:Thatcher from doing so 2106:subsequent by-election 2065: 2025:Rivers of Blood speech 1689:". Macleod later told 1518:Sir Frederick Crawford 1487:Commonwealth Secretary 1437:Macleod was appointed 1434: 1164:Patrick Buchan-Hepburn 915:ankylosing spondylitis 898:46th Infantry Division 894:137th Infantry Brigade 849:Bridge is an Easy Game 8426:The Spectator editors 8255:Ulster Unionist Party 8008:Tory Green Initiative 7923:Conservatives at Work 6641:National Party (1917) 6160:Sir Alec Douglas-Home 5789:William Joynson-Hicks 4285:Eustace of Fauconberg 3762:Kyle, Keith (2011) . 3664:Shepherd 1994, p. 104 3518:Shepherd 1994, p. 553 3489:Shepherd 1994, p. 520 3462:Shepherd 1994, p. 356 3453:Shepherd 1994, p. 501 3375:Shepherd 1994, p. 400 3345:Shepherd 1994, p. 363 3333:Shepherd 1994, p. 360 3324:Shepherd 1994, p. 320 3274:"The Tory Leadership" 3262:Shepherd 1994, p. 317 3253:Shepherd 1994, p. 308 3210:Shepherd 1994, p. 315 3201:Dell 1997, pp. 373–75 2973:Shepherd 1994, p. 120 2955:Shepherd 1994, p. 121 2937:Shepherd 1994, p. 118 2896:Shepherd 1994, p. 117 2875:Shepherd 1994, p. 116 2854:Shepherd 1994, p. 115 2845:Shepherd 1994, p. 114 2636:Nigel Fisher (1973). 2277:2005 general election 2269:UK Independence Party 2214: 2063: 1647:" then in operation. 1633:Orpington by-election 1428: 1128:interview technique. 1016:1945 general election 958:Quartermaster general 929:Westminster Council. 807:Maurice Harrison-Gray 7993:Popular Conservatism 7938:COVID Recovery Group 7729:Conservatives Abroad 7630:London Conservatives 7305:Leadership elections 6631:Irish Unionist Party 6606:Carlton Club meeting 6591:Tariff Reform League 3939:Member of Parliament 3637:Shepherd 1994, p. 25 3581:Shepherd 1994, p. 47 2827:Shepherd 1994, p. 82 2752:Shepherd, pp. 39–40. 2743:Shepherd 1994, p. 38 2696:Shepherd 1994, p. 31 2516:Shepherd 1994, p. 22 2481:Shepherd 1994, p. 12 2472:Shepherd, pp. 17–21. 2070:Conservative Party's 1934:Peregrine Worsthorne 1869:numbers, and played 1595:had been to India". 1526:Ugandan Constitution 1014:constituency at the 801:players. He won the 470:Member of Parliament 33:The Right Honourable 8406:People from Skipton 8113:European Foundation 7998:Renewing One Nation 7943:European Foundation 7858:Conservative Health 7765:The Atlantic Bridge 7734:LGBT+ Conservatives 7724:Young Conservatives 7609:Welsh Conservatives 7443:July–September 2022 7343:Thatcher re-elected 5809:Neville Chamberlain 5799:Neville Chamberlain 5784:Neville Chamberlain 5769:Christopher Addison 5761:Ministers of Health 3807:. London: Penguin. 3599:Jenkins 1993, p. 35 3590:Jenkins 1993, p. 40 3572:Jenkins 1993, p. 49 3556:The Daily Telegraph 3480:Jenkins 1993, p. 48 3366:Jenkins 1993, p. 46 3357:Jenkins 1993, p. 47 3181:Jenkins 1993, p. 45 3096:Jenkins 1993, p. 44 2782:Jenkins 1993, p. 33 2644:. Deutsch. p. 2225:Evelyn Hester Mason 2134:Education Secretary 1842:The Daily Telegraph 1625:Neville Chamberlain 1060:Young Conservatives 1041:Entry into politics 766:Cambridge and cards 737:He was educated at 633:Iain Norman Macleod 535:Iain Norman Macleod 8233:European Democrats 7775:Common Sense Group 6576:Tamworth Manifesto 5974:Virginia Bottomley 5969:William Waldegrave 5874:Derek Walker-Smith 5439:Campbell-Bannerman 5145:Lord Chief Justice 4195:The Lord Blakenham 4181:Served alongside: 4099:The Lord Blakenham 3981:Minister of Health 3966:Political offices 3906:, 21 February 2013 3562:on 27 August 2010. 3505:The London Gazette 3131:Grigg 2002, p. 212 2622:The London Gazette 2447:Richard Shepherd, 2221: 2115:Macleod relied on 2066: 1910:Randolph Churchill 1855:Sir Michael Fraser 1707:Austen Chamberlain 1601:Joseph Chamberlain 1479:Sub-Saharan Africa 1459:British Somaliland 1435: 1421:Colonial Secretary 1355:Industrial Charter 1293:Randolph Churchill 1275:Protocol of Sèvres 1196:Minister of Labour 1137:Minister of Health 1031:Operation Doomsday 637:Conservative Party 415:Minister of Health 303:The Lord Blakenham 256:The Lord Blakenham 16:British politician 8298: 8297: 8268: 8267: 8264: 8263: 8136: 8135: 8068: 8067: 8064: 8063: 8013:Tory Reform Group 7933:Cornerstone Group 7674: 7673: 7670: 7669: 7482: 7481: 7295: 7294: 7291: 7290: 6778: 6658: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6566:Electoral history 6475: 6474: 6272: 6271: 6235:Margaret Thatcher 6205:Reginald Maudling 6200:Maurice Macmillan 6175:Sir Geoffrey Howe 6080: 6079: 5829:Malcolm MacDonald 5712: 5711: 5151: 5150: 4236: 4235: 4227:Succeeded by 4192:Succeeded by 4179:1961–1963 4150:Succeeded by 4123:Succeeded by 4096:Succeeded by 4069:Succeeded by 4045:Reginald Maudling 4042:Succeeded by 4015:Succeeded by 3988:Succeeded by 3956:Succeeded by 3874:978-0-224-01451-9 3833:978-0-091-78567-3 3814:978-0-14-013640-1 3792:978-1-848-85533-5 3773:978-1-448-20321-5 3717:978-0-340-70627-5 3710:. Hodder Arnold. 3698:978-0-006-38418-2 3539:on 19 April 2010. 2923:Kyle 1991, p. 357 2905:Kyle 1991, p. 334 2863:Kyle 1991, p. 204 2495:Shepherd, p. 102. 2236:- himself son of 2175:Benjamin Disraeli 2138:Margaret Thatcher 2090:11 Downing Street 2033:President Kennedy 1959:Shadow Chancellor 1914:The Art of Memory 1806:Reginald Maudling 1782:Alec Douglas-Home 1649:Cabinet Secretary 1552:Northern Rhodesia 1309:William Rees-Mogg 1301:William Rees-Mogg 1168:Council of Europe 1110:Reginald Maudling 1020:Winston Churchill 937:Macleod attended 913:spinal condition 882:second lieutenant 667:Alec Douglas-Home 630: 629: 438:Winston Churchill 354:Reginald Maudling 8493: 8461:UK MPs 1970–1974 8456:UK MPs 1966–1970 8451:UK MPs 1964–1966 8446:UK MPs 1959–1964 8441:UK MPs 1955–1959 8436:UK MPs 1951–1955 8431:UK MPs 1950–1951 8290: 8289: 8288: 8280: 8279: 8278: 8153: 8152: 8142: 8141: 8074: 8073: 7748:Factional groups 7712:Sectional groups 7691: 7690: 7680: 7679: 7499: 7498: 7488: 7487: 7365:Major re-elected 7301: 7300: 6950: 6949:Chairmen (1911–) 6845: 6794: 6779: 6773: 6748: 6747:House of Commons 6681: 6675: 6674: 6664: 6663: 6601:Coalition Coupon 6530: 6529: 6519: 6518: 6511: 6502: 6495: 6488: 6479: 6478: 6299: 6292: 6285: 6276: 6275: 6267: 6255:William Whitelaw 6190:Sir Keith Joseph 6107: 6100: 6093: 6084: 6083: 5921:Sir Keith Joseph 5916:Richard Crossman 5901: 5900: 5889:Kenneth Robinson 5854:Harry Crookshank 5804:Arthur Greenwood 5751: 5750: 5739: 5732: 5725: 5716: 5715: 5294:Pitt the Younger 5284:Pitt the Younger 5178: 5171: 5164: 5155: 5154: 4545:of Great Britain 4262: 4255: 4248: 4239: 4238: 4207:Preceded by 4188: 4165:Preceded by 4133:Preceded by 4106:Preceded by 4079:Preceded by 4052:Preceded by 4028:Alan Lennox-Boyd 4025:Preceded by 3998:Preceded by 3974:Harry Crookshank 3971:Preceded by 3934:New constituency 3923: 3922: 3878: 3859: 3837: 3818: 3796: 3777: 3744: 3721: 3702: 3665: 3662: 3656: 3653: 3647: 3644: 3638: 3635: 3629: 3615: 3609: 3606: 3600: 3597: 3591: 3588: 3582: 3579: 3573: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3558:. Archived from 3547: 3541: 3540: 3525: 3519: 3516: 3510: 3509: 3496: 3490: 3487: 3481: 3478: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3460: 3454: 3451: 3445: 3438: 3432: 3422:"Crisis history" 3419: 3413: 3410: 3404: 3401: 3395: 3382: 3376: 3373: 3367: 3364: 3358: 3355: 3346: 3343: 3334: 3331: 3325: 3322: 3316: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3269: 3263: 3260: 3254: 3251: 3245: 3242: 3229: 3226: 3211: 3208: 3202: 3199: 3182: 3179: 3168: 3167:Dutton 2001, p.7 3165: 3159: 3156: 3150: 3147: 3132: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3103: 3097: 3094: 3088: 3081: 3075: 3074: 3063: 3057: 3056: 3038: 3032: 3029: 3023: 3020: 3011: 3008: 2995: 2992: 2983: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2947: 2944: 2938: 2935: 2924: 2921: 2915: 2912: 2906: 2903: 2897: 2894: 2885: 2882: 2876: 2873: 2864: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2819: 2816: 2810: 2807: 2801: 2789: 2783: 2780: 2774: 2771: 2762: 2759: 2753: 2750: 2744: 2741: 2735: 2732: 2723: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2703: 2697: 2694: 2688: 2685: 2676: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2643: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2613: 2607: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2597:. Unit Histories 2591: 2574: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2536:on 31 March 2016 2532:. Archived from 2526: 2517: 2514: 2508: 2505: 2496: 2493: 2482: 2479: 2473: 2470: 2461: 2458: 2452: 2445: 2439: 2436: 2130:free school milk 2040:General Election 1794:Reginald Bennett 1774:Harold Macmillan 1661:King Edward VIII 1629:Munich Agreement 1613:Mau Mau Uprising 1560:Sir Roy Welensky 1475:British Cameroon 1344:Harold Macmillan 1250:Earls of Selkirk 1132:Political career 910:Battle of France 902:Territorial Army 900:, a second line 888:(DWR), with the 866:Second World War 780:Ottawa agreement 660:Harold Macmillan 600: 598: 567:, United Kingdom 561: 550:, United Kingdom 545:11 November 1913 544: 542: 526:Personal details 512: 505: 493: 484: 460: 452:Harry Crookshank 448: 434: 425: 406: 394: 387:Harold Macmillan 380: 371: 350: 342:Alan Lennox-Boyd 338: 331:Harold Macmillan 328: 319: 300: 290: 283:Harold Macmillan 273: 252: 240: 233:Harold Macmillan 230: 221: 200: 188: 180:Harold Macmillan 176: 167: 148: 138: 121: 100: 88: 76: 67: 47: 28: 27: 8501: 8500: 8496: 8495: 8494: 8492: 8491: 8490: 8301: 8300: 8299: 8294: 8286: 8284: 8276: 8274: 8260: 8247: 8241: 8235: 8229: 8223: 8217: 8206: 8200: 8188: 8180: 8169: 8163: 8147: 8146:Party alliances 8132: 8123:Policy Exchange 8079: 8060: 8027: 7978:No Turning Back 7743: 7707: 7685: 7666: 7650: 7634: 7618: 7587: 7571: 7548: 7532: 7493: 7492:Party structure 7478: 7306: 7287: 7249: 6948: 6942: 6844:Leaders (1922–) 6843: 6837: 6782: 6772: 6750: 6746: 6740: 6683: 6679: 6669: 6650: 6586:Primrose League 6544: 6524: 6513: 6509: 6506: 6476: 6471: 6308: 6303: 6273: 6268: 6259: 6250:Lord Windlesham 6230:Geoffrey Rippon 6150:Lord Carrington 6140:Gordon Campbell 6116: 6111: 6081: 6076: 6067:Victoria Atkins 6023: 5999:Patricia Hewitt 5979:Stephen Dorrell 5950: 5902: 5898: 5893: 5849:Hilary Marquand 5755: 5745: 5743: 5713: 5708: 5187: 5182: 5152: 5147: 5134: 5025:Heathcoat-Amory 4742: 4735: 4539: 4271: 4266: 4232: 4223: 4212: 4197: 4186: 4180: 4178: 4170: 4155: 4146: 4138: 4128: 4119: 4111: 4101: 4092: 4084: 4074: 4065: 4057: 4047: 4038: 4030: 4020: 4011: 4003: 4001:Walter Monckton 3993: 3984: 3976: 3961: 3959:Cecil Parkinson 3946: 3940: 3885: 3875: 3856: 3834: 3815: 3793: 3774: 3741: 3718: 3699: 3674: 3669: 3668: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3636: 3632: 3616: 3612: 3607: 3603: 3598: 3594: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3576: 3571: 3567: 3548: 3544: 3527: 3526: 3522: 3517: 3513: 3497: 3493: 3488: 3484: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3457: 3452: 3448: 3439: 3435: 3429:Wayback Machine 3420: 3416: 3411: 3407: 3402: 3398: 3383: 3379: 3374: 3370: 3365: 3361: 3356: 3349: 3344: 3337: 3332: 3328: 3323: 3319: 3309: 3307: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3281: 3270: 3266: 3261: 3257: 3252: 3248: 3243: 3232: 3227: 3214: 3209: 3205: 3200: 3185: 3180: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3153: 3148: 3135: 3130: 3126: 3116: 3114: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3091: 3082: 3078: 3065: 3064: 3060: 3039: 3035: 3030: 3026: 3021: 3014: 3009: 2998: 2993: 2986: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2950: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2913: 2909: 2904: 2900: 2895: 2888: 2883: 2879: 2874: 2867: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2849: 2844: 2840: 2835: 2831: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2813: 2808: 2804: 2790: 2786: 2781: 2777: 2772: 2765: 2760: 2756: 2751: 2747: 2742: 2738: 2733: 2726: 2716: 2714: 2704: 2700: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2679: 2674: 2670: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2634: 2630: 2614: 2610: 2600: 2598: 2593: 2592: 2577: 2553: 2549: 2539: 2537: 2528: 2527: 2520: 2515: 2511: 2506: 2499: 2494: 2485: 2480: 2476: 2471: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2446: 2442: 2437: 2304: 2299: 2288:North Yorkshire 2209: 2166: 2126:public spending 2110:Cecil Parkinson 2058: 1993:James Callaghan 1961: 1939:"The Spectator" 1881: 1771: 1740:Lord Privy Seal 1727: 1645:Fifty-year rule 1621: 1597:Vernon Bogdanor 1589:Wm. Roger Louis 1514:Lancaster House 1423: 1359:Walter Monckton 1336: 1334:1958 bus strike 1266: 1211: 1198: 1139: 1134: 1043: 1008: 960:(DAQMG) of the 935: 878:Royal Fusiliers 862: 857: 768: 700: 602: 599: 1941) 594: 590: 572:Political party 563: 559: 546: 540: 538: 537: 536: 516:Cecil Parkinson 510: 499: 491: 485: 480: 471: 458: 446: 440: 432: 426: 421: 404: 398:Walter Monckton 392: 386: 378: 372: 367: 348: 336: 326: 320: 315: 298: 288: 274: 269: 250: 238: 228: 222: 217: 198: 186: 174: 168: 163: 146: 136: 122: 117: 98: 86: 74: 68: 63: 38: 35: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8499: 8489: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8328: 8323: 8318: 8313: 8296: 8295: 8273: 8270: 8269: 8266: 8265: 8262: 8261: 8259: 8258: 8248: 8242: 8236: 8230: 8224: 8218: 8207: 8201: 8196: 8194: 8190: 8189: 8187: 8186: 8181: 8170: 8164: 8159: 8157: 8149: 8148: 8138: 8137: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8130: 8125: 8120: 8115: 8110: 8105: 8100: 8095: 8090: 8084: 8081: 8080: 8070: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8062: 8061: 8059: 8058: 8053: 8052: 8051: 8046: 8035: 8033: 8029: 8028: 8026: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7817: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7751: 7749: 7745: 7744: 7742: 7741: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7715: 7713: 7709: 7708: 7706: 7705: 7697: 7695: 7687: 7686: 7676: 7675: 7672: 7671: 7668: 7667: 7665: 7664: 7658: 7656: 7652: 7651: 7649: 7648: 7642: 7640: 7636: 7635: 7633: 7632: 7626: 7624: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7595: 7593: 7589: 7588: 7586: 7585: 7579: 7577: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7569: 7568: 7567: 7560:1922 Committee 7556: 7554: 7550: 7549: 7547: 7546: 7540: 7538: 7534: 7533: 7531: 7530: 7525: 7524: 7523: 7522: 7521: 7505: 7503: 7495: 7494: 7484: 7483: 7480: 7479: 7477: 7476: 7475: 7474: 7464: 7463: 7462: 7452: 7451: 7450: 7440: 7439: 7438: 7428: 7427: 7426: 7416: 7415: 7414: 7404: 7403: 7402: 7392: 7391: 7390: 7380: 7379: 7378: 7368: 7367: 7366: 7358: 7357: 7356: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7336: 7335: 7334: 7324: 7323: 7322: 7311: 7308: 7307: 7297: 7296: 7293: 7292: 7289: 7288: 7286: 7285: 7284: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7268: 7257: 7255: 7251: 7250: 7248: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7213: 7204: 7195: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7162: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7059: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6978:N. Chamberlain 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6958:Steel-Maitland 6954: 6952: 6944: 6943: 6941: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6863:N. Chamberlain 6860: 6855: 6849: 6847: 6839: 6838: 6836: 6835: 6833:A. Chamberlain 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6780: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6754: 6752: 6742: 6741: 6739: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6687: 6685: 6680:House of Lords 6671: 6670: 6660: 6659: 6656: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6552: 6550: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6542: 6536: 6534: 6526: 6525: 6515: 6514: 6505: 6504: 6497: 6490: 6482: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6313: 6310: 6309: 6302: 6301: 6294: 6287: 6279: 6270: 6269: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6185:Patrick Jenkin 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6147: 6142: 6137: 6132: 6130:Anthony Barber 6121: 6118: 6117: 6110: 6109: 6102: 6095: 6087: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6057:Thérèse Coffey 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6033: 6031: 6025: 6024: 6022: 6021: 6016: 6014:Andrew Lansley 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5964:Kenneth Clarke 5960: 5958: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5936:Patrick Jenkin 5933: 5928: 5926:Barbara Castle 5923: 5918: 5912: 5910: 5904: 5903: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5884:Anthony Barber 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5765: 5763: 5757: 5756: 5742: 5741: 5734: 5727: 5719: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5579:St John-Stevas 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5489:N. Chamberlain 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5454:A. Chamberlain 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5233:Pitt the Elder 5230: 5223: 5221:Pitt the Elder 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5192: 5189: 5188: 5181: 5180: 5173: 5166: 5158: 5149: 5148: 5139: 5136: 5135: 5133: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4975:N. Chamberlain 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4955:N. Chamberlain 4952: 4947: 4942: 4940:A. Chamberlain 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4915:A. Chamberlain 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4763: 4758: 4753: 4747: 4745: 4743:United Kingdom 4737: 4736: 4734: 4733: 4728: 4723: 4718: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4549: 4547: 4541: 4540: 4538: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4281: 4279: 4273: 4272: 4265: 4264: 4257: 4250: 4242: 4234: 4233: 4228: 4225: 4213: 4208: 4204: 4203: 4202:Media offices 4199: 4198: 4193: 4190: 4184:The Lord Poole 4171: 4166: 4162: 4161: 4157: 4156: 4153:Anthony Barber 4151: 4148: 4139: 4134: 4130: 4129: 4124: 4121: 4112: 4107: 4103: 4102: 4097: 4094: 4085: 4080: 4076: 4075: 4070: 4067: 4058: 4053: 4049: 4048: 4043: 4040: 4031: 4026: 4022: 4021: 4016: 4013: 4004: 3999: 3995: 3994: 3989: 3986: 3977: 3972: 3968: 3967: 3963: 3962: 3957: 3954: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3921: 3920: 3908: 3907: 3903:Total Politics 3891: 3884: 3883:External links 3881: 3880: 3879: 3873: 3865:Hugh Gaitskell 3860: 3855:978-1844135417 3854: 3838: 3832: 3826:. Hutchinson. 3819: 3813: 3801:Pelling, Henry 3797: 3791: 3785:. Bloomsbury. 3778: 3772: 3766:. I B Tauris. 3759: 3745: 3740:978-0198614111 3739: 3727:Matthew, Colin 3722: 3716: 3703: 3697: 3681: 3678: 3673: 3670: 3667: 3666: 3657: 3648: 3639: 3630: 3610: 3601: 3592: 3583: 3574: 3565: 3542: 3520: 3511: 3491: 3482: 3473: 3464: 3455: 3446: 3440:Simon Heffer, 3433: 3414: 3405: 3396: 3384:Iain Macleod. 3377: 3368: 3359: 3347: 3335: 3326: 3317: 3291: 3280:. pp. 5–7 3264: 3255: 3246: 3230: 3212: 3203: 3183: 3169: 3160: 3151: 3133: 3124: 3098: 3089: 3076: 3058: 3033: 3024: 3012: 2996: 2984: 2975: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2939: 2925: 2916: 2907: 2898: 2886: 2877: 2865: 2856: 2847: 2838: 2829: 2820: 2811: 2802: 2784: 2775: 2763: 2754: 2745: 2736: 2724: 2698: 2689: 2677: 2668: 2654: 2628: 2608: 2575: 2547: 2518: 2509: 2497: 2483: 2474: 2462: 2453: 2440: 2301: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2265:House of Lords 2208: 2205: 2186:Hugh Gaitskell 2179:George Canning 2165: 2162: 2150:Anthony Barber 2057: 2054: 1960: 1957: 1880: 1875: 1847:Lord Aldington 1816:Alistair Horne 1770: 1767: 1726: 1723: 1687:slum clearance 1620: 1617: 1567:Julius Nyerere 1541:Hastings Banda 1452: 1431:Julius Nyerere 1422: 1419: 1386:Hugh Gaitskell 1365:, boss of the 1340:Lord Salisbury 1335: 1332: 1265: 1262: 1231:Vincent Tewson 1210: 1207: 1197: 1194: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1042: 1039: 1007: 1004: 966:Douglas Graham 934: 931: 890:service number 861: 858: 856: 853: 767: 764: 743:Fettes College 699: 696: 628: 627: 624: 623: 618: 612: 611: 608: 604: 603: 592: 586: 585: 583: 579: 578: 573: 569: 568: 562:(aged 56) 556: 552: 551: 534: 532: 528: 527: 523: 522: 519: 518: 513: 507: 506: 494: 488: 487: 477: 476: 467: 466: 461: 455: 454: 449: 443: 442: 435: 433:Prime Minister 429: 428: 418: 417: 411: 410: 407: 401: 400: 395: 389: 388: 381: 379:Prime Minister 375: 374: 364: 363: 357: 356: 351: 345: 344: 339: 333: 332: 329: 327:Prime Minister 323: 322: 312: 311: 305: 304: 301: 295: 294: 291: 285: 284: 281: 277: 276: 266: 265: 259: 258: 253: 247: 246: 241: 235: 234: 231: 229:Prime Minister 225: 224: 214: 213: 207: 206: 201: 195: 194: 189: 183: 182: 177: 175:Prime Minister 171: 170: 160: 159: 153: 152: 149: 143: 142: 139: 133: 132: 129: 125: 124: 114: 113: 107: 106: 104:Anthony Barber 101: 95: 94: 89: 83: 82: 77: 75:Prime Minister 71: 70: 60: 59: 53: 52: 49: 48: 40: 39: 36: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8498: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8327: 8324: 8322: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8312: 8309: 8308: 8306: 8293: 8283: 8271: 8256: 8252: 8249: 8246: 8243: 8240: 8237: 8234: 8231: 8228: 8225: 8222: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8208: 8205: 8202: 8198: 8197: 8195: 8191: 8185: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8171: 8168: 8165: 8161: 8160: 8158: 8154: 8150: 8143: 8139: 8129: 8126: 8124: 8121: 8119: 8116: 8114: 8111: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8096: 8094: 8091: 8089: 8086: 8085: 8082: 8075: 8071: 8057: 8054: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8041: 8040: 8037: 8036: 8034: 8030: 8024: 8023:Five Families 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8003:Selsdon Group 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7818: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7746: 7740: 7737: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7710: 7704: 7703: 7699: 7698: 7696: 7692: 7688: 7681: 7677: 7663: 7660: 7659: 7657: 7653: 7647: 7644: 7643: 7641: 7637: 7631: 7628: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7596: 7594: 7590: 7584: 7581: 7580: 7578: 7574: 7566: 7563: 7562: 7561: 7558: 7557: 7555: 7553:Parliamentary 7551: 7545: 7542: 7541: 7539: 7535: 7529: 7526: 7520: 7517: 7516: 7515: 7512: 7511: 7510: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7489: 7485: 7473: 7470: 7469: 7468: 7465: 7461: 7458: 7457: 7456: 7453: 7449: 7446: 7445: 7444: 7441: 7437: 7434: 7433: 7432: 7429: 7425: 7422: 7421: 7420: 7417: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7408: 7405: 7401: 7398: 7397: 7396: 7393: 7389: 7386: 7385: 7384: 7381: 7377: 7374: 7373: 7372: 7369: 7364: 7363: 7362: 7359: 7355: 7352: 7351: 7350: 7347: 7342: 7341: 7340: 7337: 7333: 7330: 7329: 7328: 7325: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7316: 7313: 7312: 7309: 7302: 7298: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7263: 7262: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7252: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7068: 7065: 7063: 7060: 7058: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6945: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6850: 6848: 6846: 6840: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6755: 6753: 6749: 6743: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6682: 6676: 6672: 6665: 6661: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6551: 6547: 6541: 6538: 6537: 6535: 6533:Organisations 6531: 6527: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6503: 6498: 6496: 6491: 6489: 6484: 6483: 6480: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6314: 6311: 6307: 6300: 6295: 6293: 6288: 6286: 6281: 6280: 6277: 6266: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6210:Michael Noble 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6180:Earl Jellicoe 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6170:Lord Hailsham 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6143: 6141: 6138: 6136: 6133: 6131: 6128: 6127: 6126: 6125: 6119: 6115: 6114:Heath Cabinet 6108: 6103: 6101: 6096: 6094: 6089: 6088: 6085: 6073: 6072:Wes Streeting 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6062:Steve Barclay 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6052:Steve Barclay 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6026: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5961: 5959: 5957: 5953: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5941:Norman Fowler 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5905: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5869:Dennis Vosper 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5844:Aneurin Bevan 5842: 5840: 5839:Henry Willink 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5824:Walter Elliot 5822: 5820: 5819:Kingsley Wood 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5794:John Wheatley 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5749: 5740: 5735: 5733: 5728: 5726: 5721: 5720: 5717: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5279: 5275: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5228: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5190: 5186: 5179: 5174: 5172: 5167: 5165: 5160: 5159: 5156: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4790: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4762: 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4744: 4738: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4716: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4644: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4622: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4600: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4550: 4548: 4546: 4542: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4282: 4280: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4263: 4258: 4256: 4251: 4249: 4244: 4243: 4240: 4231: 4222: 4221: 4220: 4219:The Spectator 4211: 4210:Iain Hamilton 4205: 4200: 4196: 4189: 4185: 4177: 4176: 4169: 4163: 4158: 4154: 4145: 4144: 4137: 4131: 4127: 4118: 4117: 4110: 4104: 4100: 4091: 4090: 4083: 4077: 4073: 4064: 4063: 4056: 4050: 4046: 4037: 4036: 4029: 4023: 4019: 4010: 4009: 4002: 3996: 3992: 3983: 3982: 3975: 3969: 3964: 3960: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3944: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3924: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3899: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3886: 3876: 3870: 3866: 3861: 3857: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3842:Thorpe, D. R. 3839: 3835: 3829: 3825: 3820: 3816: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3775: 3769: 3765: 3760: 3758: 3757:0-7139-9343-X 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3723: 3719: 3713: 3709: 3704: 3700: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3675: 3661: 3652: 3643: 3634: 3627: 3626: 3625:The Spectator 3621: 3620: 3614: 3605: 3596: 3587: 3578: 3569: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3546: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3524: 3515: 3507: 3506: 3501: 3495: 3486: 3477: 3468: 3459: 3450: 3443: 3437: 3430: 3426: 3423: 3418: 3409: 3400: 3393: 3392: 3387: 3381: 3372: 3363: 3354: 3352: 3342: 3340: 3330: 3321: 3306: 3305:The Spectator 3302: 3295: 3279: 3278:The Spectator 3275: 3268: 3259: 3250: 3241: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3207: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3164: 3155: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3128: 3113: 3109: 3102: 3093: 3086: 3080: 3072: 3068: 3062: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3045: 3037: 3028: 3019: 3017: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2979: 2970: 2961: 2952: 2943: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2920: 2911: 2902: 2893: 2891: 2881: 2872: 2870: 2860: 2851: 2842: 2833: 2824: 2815: 2806: 2799: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2779: 2770: 2768: 2758: 2749: 2740: 2731: 2729: 2713: 2712:The Spectator 2709: 2702: 2693: 2684: 2682: 2672: 2657: 2655:0-233-96324-3 2651: 2647: 2642: 2641: 2632: 2624: 2623: 2618: 2612: 2596: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2535: 2531: 2525: 2523: 2513: 2504: 2502: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2478: 2469: 2467: 2457: 2450: 2444: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2417: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2309: 2307: 2302: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2278: 2274: 2271:candidate at 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2226: 2218: 2213: 2204: 2202: 2197: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2170: 2161: 2159: 2153: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2111: 2107: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2071: 2062: 2053: 2051: 2050: 2045: 2041: 2036: 2034: 2028: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2013: 2010: 2004: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1988: 1986: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1970: 1969:Harold Wilson 1966: 1965:1964 election 1956: 1954: 1953:Lombards Bank 1949: 1947: 1942: 1940: 1935: 1931: 1926: 1922: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1898:Harold Wilson 1895: 1891: 1890: 1889:The Spectator 1885: 1879: 1878:The Spectator 1874: 1872: 1866: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1843: 1838: 1837:The Spectator 1834: 1829: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1813: 1812:Lord Dilhorne 1809: 1807: 1803: 1802:Lord Hailsham 1798: 1795: 1792: 1787: 1784:after he had 1783: 1778: 1775: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1703:The Last Rung 1699: 1696: 1695:"Brief Lives" 1692: 1688: 1684: 1683: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1669:Warren Fisher 1666: 1665:Horace Wilson 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1638:Keith Feiling 1634: 1630: 1626: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1585: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1504: 1503:Jomo Kenyatta 1500: 1496: 1491: 1488: 1484: 1483:Duncan Sandys 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1450: 1448: 1444: 1443:Hola massacre 1440: 1432: 1427: 1418: 1416: 1415:1959 election 1411: 1407: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1387: 1383: 1382:Arthur Deakin 1379: 1374: 1370: 1368: 1364: 1363:Frank Cousins 1360: 1356: 1352: 1347: 1345: 1341: 1331: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1261: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1236: 1232: 1227: 1225: 1220: 1216: 1206: 1203: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1151: 1150:Aneurin Bevan 1146: 1144: 1129: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1083: 1081: 1080:February 1950 1077: 1076:Enfield, West 1071: 1069: 1065: 1064:Norman Tebbit 1061: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1038: 1036: 1035:court martial 1032: 1027: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1012:Western Isles 1003: 999: 996: 991: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 942: 940: 930: 927: 923: 918: 916: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 852: 850: 846: 842: 837: 835: 831: 826: 822: 820: 819:Colin Harding 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 791: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 763: 761: 757: 753: 749: 748:Oswald Mosley 744: 740: 735: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 716:Western Isles 713: 712:Isle of Lewis 709: 705: 695: 693: 689: 685: 680: 678: 677: 676:The Spectator 672: 668: 663: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 640: 638: 634: 625: 622: 619: 617: 613: 609: 605: 589: 584: 580: 577: 574: 570: 566: 557: 553: 549: 533: 529: 524: 520: 517: 514: 508: 503: 498: 497:Ernest Davies 495: 489: 483: 478: 475: 468: 465: 462: 456: 453: 450: 444: 439: 436: 430: 424: 419: 416: 412: 408: 402: 399: 396: 390: 385: 382: 376: 370: 365: 362: 358: 355: 352: 346: 343: 340: 334: 330: 324: 318: 313: 310: 306: 302: 296: 292: 286: 282: 278: 272: 267: 264: 260: 257: 254: 248: 245: 242: 236: 232: 226: 220: 215: 212: 208: 205: 202: 196: 193: 190: 184: 181: 178: 172: 166: 161: 158: 154: 150: 144: 140: 134: 130: 126: 120: 115: 112: 108: 105: 102: 96: 93: 90: 84: 81: 78: 72: 66: 61: 58: 54: 50: 46: 41: 34: 29: 26: 22: 8098:Bruges Group 7700: 7502:Professional 7455:October 2022 7388:Duncan Smith 7218: / 7209: / 7200: / 7191: / 7167: / 7158: / 7134: / 7062:Thorneycroft 7025: / 7022: 6908:Duncan Smith 6883:Douglas-Home 6868:W. Churchill 6813:R. Churchill 6790: / 6786: / 6774: 6716:Beaconsfield 6616:Fourth Party 6581:Carlton Club 6351: 6245:Peter Walker 6240:Peter Thomas 6195:Iain Macleod 6194: 6135:Tom Boardman 6124:Edward Heath 6122: 6042:Matt Hancock 6009:Andy Burnham 6004:Alan Johnson 5989:Alan Milburn 5984:Frank Dobson 5931:David Ennals 5879:Enoch Powell 5864:Robin Turton 5859:Iain Macleod 5858: 5834:Ernest Brown 5814:Hilton Young 5528: 5494:W. Churchill 5409:R. Churchill 5225: 5140: 5049: 5020:Thorneycroft 4965:W. Churchill 4925:Lloyd George 4890:R. Churchill 4787: 4765: 4715:Ellenborough 4713: 4649:Bilson-Legge 4641: 4637:Bilson-Legge 4627:Bilson-Legge 4619: 4597: 4230:Nigel Lawson 4217: 4215: 4182: 4173: 4141: 4114: 4109:Edward Heath 4087: 4082:Charles Hill 4072:Selwyn Lloyd 4060: 4033: 4018:Edward Heath 4006: 3991:Robin Turton 3979: 3943:Enfield West 3938: 3933: 3911: 3901: 3898:Douglas Hurd 3864: 3845: 3824:Iain Macleod 3823: 3804: 3782: 3763: 3748: 3730: 3707: 3688: 3685:Dell, Edmund 3660: 3651: 3642: 3633: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3604: 3595: 3586: 3577: 3568: 3560:the original 3555: 3545: 3537:the original 3532: 3523: 3514: 3503: 3494: 3485: 3476: 3467: 3458: 3449: 3441: 3436: 3417: 3408: 3399: 3389: 3380: 3371: 3362: 3329: 3320: 3308:. Retrieved 3304: 3294: 3282:. Retrieved 3277: 3267: 3258: 3249: 3206: 3163: 3154: 3127: 3115:. 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Thorpe 1810: 1799: 1779: 1772: 1748: 1728: 1715:Lord Halifax 1702: 1700: 1694: 1691:Alan Watkins 1680: 1677:Robert Blake 1653:Norman Brook 1642: 1622: 1605: 1586: 1579: 1564: 1549: 1530: 1507: 1498: 1492: 1467:Sierra Leone 1436: 1429:Macleod and 1412: 1408: 1378:Ernest Bevin 1375: 1371: 1348: 1337: 1327: 1323:Edward Boyle 1318:The Observer 1316: 1306: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1270: 1267: 1258: 1242:Norman Brook 1239: 1228: 1218: 1212: 1202:Anthony Eden 1199: 1191: 1186:White's Club 1183: 1175:Richard Doll 1172: 1153: 1147: 1143:October 1951 1140: 1126: 1121: 1117: 1114:Edward Heath 1102:Enoch Powell 1099: 1094: 1084: 1072: 1048: 1044: 1028: 1009: 1000: 980:, where the 970:North Africa 943: 936: 919: 906:Henry Curtis 870:British Army 863: 848: 838: 830:Inner Temple 827: 823: 792: 788:Lower Second 769: 756:October 1931 736: 701: 688:Edward Heath 681: 674: 664: 641: 639:politician. 632: 631: 588:Evelyn Blois 576:Conservative 560:(1970-07-20) 558:20 July 1970 511:Succeeded by 481: 474:Enfield West 464:Robin Turton 459:Succeeded by 441:Anthony Eden 422: 409:Edward Heath 405:Succeeded by 384:Anthony Eden 368: 349:Succeeded by 316: 299:Succeeded by 270: 251:Succeeded by 244:Charles Hill 218: 204:Selwyn Lloyd 199:Succeeded by 164: 147:Succeeded by 141:Edward Heath 131:Edward Heath 118: 99:Succeeded by 80:Edward Heath 64: 37:Iain Macleod 25: 8326:Anglo-Scots 8316:1970 deaths 8311:1913 births 8093:Bright Blue 8078:Think tanks 8039:List of MPs 8032:Politicians 7973:No Campaign 7963:Monday Club 7953:Fresh Start 7592:Subnational 6808:Hicks Beach 6777:(1848–1849) 6751:(1834–1922) 6684:(1828–1922) 6225:Francis Pym 6215:John Peyton 6165:Ian Gilmour 6155:John Davies 6145:Robert Carr 6047:Sajid Javid 6037:Jeremy Hunt 6019:Jeremy Hunt 5774:Alfred Mond 5399:Hicks-Beach 5314:Castlereagh 4905:Hicks Beach 4880:Hicks Beach 4800:Spring Rice 4300:Westminster 4136:Roy Jenkins 4126:Roy Jenkins 3916:1803–2005: 3500:"No. 45137" 3386:Column 1165 3284:17 November 2661:18 December 2617:"No. 34837" 2250:Brief Lives 2201:nanny state 2145:Robert Carr 2001:Roy Jenkins 1985:stagflation 1918:"Spectator" 1884:Ian Gilmour 1871:Vingt-et-un 1859:Ian Gilmour 1711:Lord Curzon 1593:Mountbatten 1582:Dom Mintoff 1403:Roy Jenkins 1313:David Astor 1297:Robert Carr 1215:Suez Crisis 1209:Suez crisis 1179:lung cancer 1106:Angus Maude 1100:Along with 1068:Ponders End 978:Arromanches 855:War service 492:Preceded by 447:Preceded by 393:Preceded by 337:Preceded by 289:Preceded by 239:Preceded by 187:Preceded by 151:Roy Jenkins 137:Preceded by 92:Roy Jenkins 87:Preceded by 8305:Categories 7755:2020 group 7576:Conference 7216:Stephenson 7179:McLoughlin 7052:Carrington 6726:Devonshire 6701:Malmesbury 6691:Wellington 6668:Leadership 6387:Hattersley 5946:John Moore 5519:Crookshank 5514:Chuter Ede 5369:Palmerston 5359:Palmerston 4751:Vansittart 4731:Vansittart 4669:Dowdeswell 4654:Barrington 4485:Cottington 4355:Harvington 4330:Willoughby 4325:de la Leye 4315:G. Giffard 4310:W. Giffard 4277:of England 4224:1963–1965 4216:Editor of 4168:Rab Butler 4120:1965–1970 4093:1961–1963 4066:1961–1963 4055:Rab Butler 4039:1959–1961 4012:1955–1959 3985:1952–1955 3085:Glyn Jones 3071:New Vision 2601:2 November 2297:References 2286:Church in 2257:meningitis 2219:churchyard 2215:Plaque in 2190:John Major 2097:Cecil King 1928:After the 1786:disclaimed 1719:Rab Butler 1657:abdication 1615:in Kenya. 1571:Tanganyika 1522:A.G. Mehta 1463:Tanganyika 1399:Alf Robens 1160:Chief Whip 1118:One Nation 1091:Rab Butler 950:Gold Beach 926:stud poker 843:system of 811:Skid Simon 784:Crockfords 760:Ian Harvey 732:Leverhulme 698:Early life 671:Rab Butler 616:Alma mater 541:1913-11-11 293:Rab Butler 192:Rab Butler 8088:Bow Group 8049:2010–2015 8044:2005–2010 7537:Voluntary 7112:Parkinson 7107:Mawhinney 7067:Parkinson 7032:Blakenham 6878:Macmillan 6803:Northcote 6731:Lansdowne 6721:Salisbury 6457:McDonnell 6337:Callaghan 6327:Gaitskell 6220:Jim Prior 5994:John Reid 5689:Rees-Mogg 5674:Lidington 5604:MacGregor 5479:MacDonald 5469:MacDonald 5424:Gladstone 5404:Gladstone 5394:Gladstone 5389:Northcote 5384:Gladstone 5374:Gladstone 5324:Huskisson 5289:Addington 5268:Townshend 5248:Grenville 5238:Grenville 5040:Callaghan 5015:Macmillan 5005:Gaitskell 4870:Gladstone 4865:Northcote 4860:Gladstone 4840:Gladstone 4825:Gladstone 4767:Tenterden 4704:Addington 4694:Cavendish 4684:Cavendish 4674:Townshend 4664:Grenville 4643:Mansfield 4632:Lyttelton 4490:Colepeper 4455:Fortescue 4445:Sackville 4365:Stratford 4360:Wodehouse 4295:Leicester 3803:(1992) . 3619:70 m.p.h. 3053:988737164 2122:hard-line 2099:wrote in 1946:Spectator 1930:Spectator 1682:The Times 1673:Lord Avon 1533:Nyasaland 1224:Aswan Dam 990:beachhead 860:Early war 834:barrister 815:Jack Marx 795:De La Rue 790:in 1935. 752:New Party 482:In office 423:In office 369:In office 317:In office 271:In office 219:In office 165:In office 119:In office 65:In office 7968:92 Group 7760:Activate 7332:Thatcher 7271:Whitelaw 7266:Maudling 7254:See also 7189:Cleverly 7057:Whitelaw 7013:Hailsham 6998:Assheton 6973:Davidson 6893:Thatcher 6798:Disraeli 6784:Disraeli 6763:Bentinck 6711:Richmond 6417:Portillo 6342:Maudling 5699:Mordaunt 5669:Grayling 5554:Whitelaw 5544:Crossman 5509:Morrison 5429:Harcourt 5379:Disraeli 5364:Disraeli 5349:Disraeli 5309:Perceval 5211:Robinson 5125:Kwarteng 5035:Maudling 4990:Anderson 4900:Harcourt 4885:Harcourt 4875:Childers 4845:Disraeli 4835:Disraeli 4820:Disraeli 4810:Goulburn 4778:Goulburn 4756:Robinson 4726:Perceval 4659:Dashwood 4593:Aislabie 4588:Stanhope 4505:Duncombe 4475:Portland 4470:Greville 4435:Cromwell 4405:Thwaites 4390:Somerset 4335:Benstead 4320:Chishull 4305:Chishull 4290:Maunsell 3844:(2010). 3687:(1997). 3425:Archived 2571:18324799 2559:WorldCat 2540:13 April 2284:Gargrave 2217:Gargrave 1978:Maudling 1734:post of 1732:sinecure 1575:Tanzania 1554:(modern 1219:publicly 1097:(1949). 809:(Capt), 803:Gold Cup 728:Scotland 708:poor-law 607:Children 8156:Current 7436:Johnson 7412:Cameron 7198:Milling 7174:Feldman 7169:Feldman 7160:Feldman 7151:Pickles 7146:Spelman 7136:Saatchi 7037:du Cann 7023:Macleod 7003:Woolton 6993:Dugdale 6988:Hacking 6968:Jackson 6963:Younger 6928:Johnson 6918:Cameron 6858:Baldwin 6823:Balfour 6792:Herries 6523:History 6442:Johnson 6437:Darling 6432:Osborne 6357:Jenkins 6352:Macleod 6317:Stanley 5694:Spencer 5679:Leadsom 5659:Lansley 5619:Beckett 5594:Wakeham 5529:Macleod 5484:Baldwin 5474:Baldwin 5464:Baldwin 5444:Asquith 5434:Balfour 5419:Balfour 5354:Russell 5344:Russell 5334:Althorp 5319:Canning 5196:Walpole 5141:Italic: 5105:Hammond 5100:Osborne 5095:Darling 5050:Macleod 5045:Jenkins 4970:Snowden 4960:Snowden 4950:Baldwin 4930:McKenna 4920:Asquith 4910:Ritchie 4895:Goschen 4783:Althorp 4773:Herries 4761:Canning 4741:of the 4605:Walpole 4583:Walpole 4573:Wyndham 4525:Montagu 4520:Hampden 4515:Delamer 4480:Barrett 4450:Mildmay 4430:Berners 4420:Catesby 4380:Barnham 4350:Stanton 4340:Sandale 3913:Hansard 3729:(ed.). 3672:Sources 3391:Hansard 3310:30 June 3117:11 June 2275:in the 2273:Banbury 2049:Hansard 1763:Profumo 1759:Vassall 1535:(later 1455:Nigeria 1391:Groucho 1328:incited 1254:Kilmuir 1051:Enfield 922:captain 896:of the 884:in the 876:in the 874:private 845:bidding 714:in the 704:Skipton 601: 593: 548:Skipton 502:Enfield 8193:Former 8118:Onward 8056:London 7400:Howard 7281:Ancram 7276:Lilley 7245:Fuller 7240:Holden 7230:Zahawi 7220:Elliot 7211:Elliot 7207:Dowden 7202:Elliot 7193:Elliot 7165:Shapps 7117:Ancram 7102:Hanley 7097:Fowler 7092:Patten 7082:Brooke 7077:Tebbit 7072:Gummer 7047:Thomas 7042:Barber 7018:Butler 6913:Howard 6788:Granby 6775:vacant 6768:Granby 6736:Curzon 6706:Cairns 6571:Tories 6549:Topics 6467:Reeves 6452:Leslie 6427:Letwin 6422:Howard 6407:Lilley 6402:Clarke 6377:Healey 6362:Healey 6332:Wilson 6322:Butler 5704:Powell 5684:Stride 5649:Harman 5614:Taylor 5609:Newton 5589:Biffen 5539:Bowden 5524:Butler 5499:Cripps 5304:Howick 5299:C. Fox 5274:C. Fox 5263:C. Fox 5253:Conway 5243:H. Fox 5216:H. Fox 5206:Pelham 5201:Sandys 5120:Zahawi 5085:Clarke 5080:Lamont 5070:Lawson 5060:Healey 5055:Barber 5010:Butler 5000:Cripps 4995:Dalton 4805:Baring 4789:Denman 4615:Pelham 4610:Sandys 4578:Onslow 4568:Benson 4563:Harley 4500:Ashley 4465:Caesar 4460:Dunbar 4425:Lovell 4415:Fowler 4410:Witham 4400:Witham 4395:Browne 4375:Ashton 4345:Hotham 4187:(1963) 3871: 3852: 3830: 3811: 3789: 3770: 3755: 3747:Grigg 3737: 3714: 3695: 3051: 2717:6 June 2652: 2569: 2207:Family 2177:or to 2017:Crisis 1556:Zambia 1537:Malawi 1471:Kuwait 1393:, not 1248:, the 1155:Hamlet 1089:under 995:batman 986:Bayeux 974:Sicily 799:bridge 720:Pabbay 658:under 644:bridge 582:Spouse 565:London 280:Leader 128:Leader 7655:Other 7639:Local 7460:Sunak 7448:Truss 7376:Hague 7354:Major 7320:Heath 7235:Hands 7225:Berry 7184:Lewis 7156:Warsi 7141:Maude 7122:Davis 7087:Baker 7027:Poole 7008:Poole 6983:Baird 6938:Sunak 6933:Truss 6903:Hague 6898:Major 6888:Heath 6818:Smith 6696:Derby 6462:Dodds 6447:Balls 6412:Maude 6397:Brown 6392:Smith 6382:Shore 6347:Heath 5664:Hague 5654:Young 5644:Straw 5569:Short 5564:Prior 5549:Peart 5534:Lloyd 5414:Smith 5278:North 5258:North 5115:Sunak 5110:Javid 5090:Brown 5075:Major 5030:Lloyd 4980:Simon 4945:Horne 4830:Lewis 4721:Petty 4679:North 4599:Pratt 4558:Smith 4553:Boyle 4535:Boyle 4530:Smith 4510:Ernle 4440:Baker 4385:Somer 4370:Ashby 4147:1970 2261:polio 2248:, in 1619:Books 1447:Kenya 954:D-Day 946:major 944:As a 872:as a 595:( 591: 7694:List 7467:2024 7431:2019 7419:2016 7407:2005 7395:2003 7383:2001 7371:1997 7361:1995 7349:1990 7339:1989 7327:1975 7315:1965 6873:Eden 6758:Peel 6372:Howe 6367:Carr 5639:Hoon 5634:Hain 5629:Reid 5624:Cook 5599:Howe 5574:Foot 5559:Carr 5504:Eden 5339:Peel 5329:Peel 5130:Hunt 5065:Howe 4985:Wood 4855:Lowe 4850:Hunt 4815:Wood 4795:Peel 4709:Pitt 4699:Pitt 4689:Pitt 4495:Hyde 3952:1970 3948:1950 3941:for 3869:ISBN 3850:ISBN 3828:ISBN 3809:ISBN 3787:ISBN 3768:ISBN 3753:ISBN 3735:ISBN 3712:ISBN 3693:ISBN 3533:TIME 3312:2014 3286:2020 3119:2020 3083:Sir 3049:OCLC 2719:2024 2663:2011 2650:ISBN 2603:2017 2567:OCLC 2542:2017 2259:and 1894:ODNB 1804:and 1713:and 1693:(in 1667:and 1651:Sir 1499:some 1473:and 1451:last 1395:Karl 1367:TGWU 1252:and 1108:and 972:and 841:Acol 817:and 722:and 652:1950 555:Died 531:Born 472:for 7472:TBA 7424:May 7132:Fox 7127:May 6923:May 6853:Law 6828:Law 5584:Pym 5459:Law 5449:Law 4935:Law 4621:Lee 2229:née 2203:". 1825:did 1791:PPS 1742:or 1659:of 1531:In 1512:at 1445:in 1380:or 1351:TUC 1315:of 1271:not 1235:TUC 1141:In 952:on 750:'s 724:Uig 8307:: 3900:, 3896:, 3622:, 3554:. 3531:. 3502:. 3350:^ 3338:^ 3303:. 3276:. 3233:^ 3215:^ 3186:^ 3172:^ 3136:^ 3110:. 3069:. 3015:^ 2999:^ 2987:^ 2928:^ 2889:^ 2868:^ 2794:, 2766:^ 2727:^ 2710:. 2680:^ 2648:. 2646:46 2619:. 2578:^ 2565:. 2557:. 2521:^ 2500:^ 2486:^ 2465:^ 2305:^ 2279:. 2244:. 2227:, 2160:. 2112:. 1904:. 1853:, 1849:, 1761:, 1746:. 1721:. 1709:, 1640:. 1603:. 1469:, 1465:, 1461:, 1457:, 1401:. 1369:. 1162:, 1104:, 1055:cv 1026:. 917:. 847:: 821:. 813:, 597:m. 8257:) 8253:( 8216:) 8212:( 8179:) 8175:( 6501:e 6494:t 6487:v 6298:e 6291:t 6284:v 6106:e 6099:t 6092:v 5738:e 5731:t 5724:v 5280:) 5276:/ 5272:( 5177:e 5170:t 5163:v 4261:e 4254:t 4247:v 3950:– 3877:. 3858:. 3836:. 3817:. 3795:. 3776:. 3743:. 3720:. 3701:. 3314:. 3288:. 3121:. 3073:. 3055:. 2721:. 2665:. 2605:. 2573:. 2544:. 610:2 543:) 539:( 504:) 500:( 23:.

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