139:
Since systematic names often are not human-readable a PIN may be a retained name. Both "PINs" and "retained names" have to be chosen (and established by IUPAC) explicitly, unlike other IUPAC names, which automatically arise from IUPAC nomenclatural rules. Thus, the PIN is sometimes the retained name
155:
that do not contain carbon (inorganic parents). "Preselected names" are used in the nomenclature of organic compounds as the basis for PINs for organic derivatives. They are needed for derivatives of organic compounds that do not contain carbon themselves. A preselected name is not necessarily a PIN
269:
Multiplicative nomenclature is to be preferred over simple substitutive if it can be used. This is the nomenclature with an apostrophe after numbers such as 4'; it allows multiple occurrences of the principal characteristic group or compound class to be treated together. Example:
225:('a', named for the suffix), if it both applies and a heteroatom is found in a chain, is preferred over substitution. If it applies but no heteroatom is found in a chain, it is preferred over multiplicative nomenclature. Example: 3-phospha-2,5,7-trisilaoctane refers to CH
294:
Additive and subtractive operations remain available as with the general case. For example, one keeps changing "ane" into "ene" for double bonds. Additive operations generally have better names derived from the above rules, such as phenyloxirane for
46:
nomenclature. The "preferred IUPAC nomenclature" provides a set of rules for choosing between multiple possibilities in situations where it is important to decide on a unique name. It is intended for use in legal and regulatory situations.
168:(IUPAC) have traditionally concentrated on ensuring that chemical names are unambiguous, that is that a name can only refer to one substance. However, a single substance can have more than one acceptable name, like
290:
Conjunctive nomenclature is available, but substitutive, multiplicative, or skeletal should be preferred. Example: benzene-1,3,5-triacetic acid should instead be named 2,2′,2′′-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl)triacetic
140:(e.g., phenol and acetic acid, instead of benzenol and ethanoic acid), while in other cases, the systematic name was chosen over a very common retained name (e.g., propan-2-one, instead of acetone).
261:
338:
In IUPAC nomenclature, all compounds containing carbon atoms are considered organic compounds. Organic nomenclature only applies to organic compounds containing elements from the Groups
326:, α-amino acids and many natural products have been retained as preferred IUPAC names; in these cases the systematic names may be very complicated and virtually never used. The name for
172:, which may also be correctly named as "methylbenzene" or "phenylmethane". Some alternative names remain available as "retained names" for more general contexts. For example,
322:) has been reduced considerably for preferred IUPAC names, although a larger set of retained names is available for general nomenclature. The traditional names of simple
70:). Rules for the remaining organic and inorganic compounds are still under development. The concept of PINs is defined in the introductory chapter and chapter 5 of the
54:, to which the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) has the definition as compounds which contain at least a single carbon atom but no
165:
103:
619:
Wisniewski, Janusz Leon (5 May 2008). "Chemical
Nomenclature and Structure Representation: Algorithmic Generation and Conversion".
99:
511:
417:
176:
remains an unambiguous and acceptable name for the common organic solvent, even if the preferred IUPAC name is "oxolane".
189:(replacement of hydrogen atoms in the parent structure) is used most extensively, for example "ethoxyethane" instead of
604:
539:
434:
568:
556:
654:
42:) is a unique name, assigned to a chemical substance and preferred among all possible names generated by
527:
374:
634:
401:
17:
398:
Nomenclature of
Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book)
347:
633:– background on why a preferred name is needed (multiple dialects of "systematic" such as
314:
The number of retained non-systematic, trivial names of simple organic compounds (for example
121:
186:
31:
222:
194:
59:
8:
638:
467:
257:
203:
naming (also known as radicofunctional nomenclature) is preferred next. In the case of
507:
471:
413:
63:
51:
624:
592:
580:
499:
457:
449:
405:
355:
260:, whole "superatom" rings. It also includes more complex replacements, such as the
216:
200:
152:
72:"Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013"
495:
Nomenclature of
Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013
323:
173:
433:
Hartshorn, R. M.; Hellwich, K.-H.; Yerin, A.; Damhus, T.; Hutton, A. T. (2015).
409:
256:
Skeletal replacement mainly replaces carbon with other atoms, or in the case of
204:
148:
628:
124:
that meets the recommended IUPAC rules. IUPAC names include retained names. A
648:
309:
296:
190:
351:
133:
55:
503:
453:
84:"A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds, Recommendations 1993"
339:
319:
315:
212:
462:
493:
67:
333:
343:
169:
74:(freely accessible), which replace two former publications: the
286:
The following are available, but not given special preference:
66:
and can be named by the nomenclature of organic compounds (see
116:
is a name that is preferred among two or more IUPAC names. An
327:
208:
43:
432:
128:
is any IUPAC name that is not a "preferred IUPAC name". A
88:"Preferred names in the nomenclature of organic compounds"
132:
is a traditional or otherwise often used name, usually a
435:"Brief Guide to the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry"
376:
Preferred names in the nomenclature of organic compounds
567:
147:
is a preferred name chosen among two or more names for
164:
The systems of chemical nomenclature developed by the
86:. The full draft version of the PIN recommendations (
555:
379:, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
219:, this method takes precedence over substitution.
166:International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
646:
270:4,4′-sulfanediyldibenzoic acid refers to (COOH-C
603:IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004, P-69.0
334:Scope of the nomenclature for organic compounds
591:IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004, P-51,
579:IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004, P-51,
90:, Draft of 7 October 2004) is also available.
50:Preferred IUPAC names are applicable only for
136:, that may be used in IUPAC nomenclature.
492:Favre, Henri A.; Powell, Warren H. (2014).
491:
618:
551:
549:
547:
461:
358:are not covered by organic nomenclature.
104:IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry
390:
544:
538:IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004
526:IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004
361:
100:IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry
14:
647:
193:and "tetrachloromethane" instead of
156:in inorganic chemical nomenclature.
159:
76:"Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry"
24:
612:
498:. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
25:
666:
330:itself is a retained IUPAC name.
303:
183:Preselected names are to be used.
597:
585:
573:
561:
532:
520:
485:
426:
402:The Royal Society of Chemistry
367:
93:
13:
1:
621:Handbook of Chemoinformatics
7:
410:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001
10:
671:
442:Pure and Applied Chemistry
307:
97:
27:Chemical naming convention
629:10.1002/9783527618279.ch4
187:Substitutive nomenclature
605:Organometallic compounds
348:Organometallic compounds
179:The nomenclature goes:
540:Complete draft version
215:and pseudohalides and
655:Chemical nomenclature
504:10.1039/9781849733069
454:10.1515/pac-2014-0718
98:Further information:
32:chemical nomenclature
362:Notes and references
223:Skeletal replacement
195:carbon tetrachloride
110:preferred IUPAC name
36:preferred IUPAC name
448:(9–10): 1039–1049.
623:. pp. 51–79.
258:phane nomenclature
126:general IUPAC name
513:978-1-84973-306-9
419:978-0-85404-182-4
262:lambda convention
153:parent structures
64:transition metals
52:organic compounds
16:(Redirected from
662:
632:
607:
601:
595:
589:
583:
577:
571:
565:
559:
553:
542:
536:
530:
524:
518:
517:
489:
483:
482:
480:
478:
465:
439:
430:
424:
423:
394:
388:
386:
385:
384:
371:
201:Functional class
160:Basic principles
145:preselected name
21:
670:
669:
665:
664:
663:
661:
660:
659:
645:
644:
615:
613:Further reading
610:
602:
598:
590:
586:
578:
574:
566:
562:
554:
545:
537:
533:
525:
521:
514:
490:
486:
476:
474:
437:
431:
427:
420:
396:
395:
391:
382:
380:
373:
372:
368:
364:
336:
324:monosaccharides
312:
306:
281:
277:
273:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
205:acid anhydrides
174:tetrahydrofuran
162:
149:parent hydrides
122:systematic name
106:
96:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
668:
658:
657:
643:
642:
614:
611:
609:
608:
596:
584:
572:
560:
543:
531:
519:
512:
484:
425:
418:
389:
365:
363:
360:
350:of the Groups
335:
332:
308:Main article:
305:
304:Retained names
302:
301:
300:
292:
284:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
266:
265:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
220:
198:
184:
161:
158:
95:
92:
60:alkaline earth
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
667:
656:
653:
652:
650:
640:
636:
630:
626:
622:
617:
616:
606:
600:
594:
588:
582:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
550:
548:
541:
535:
529:
523:
515:
509:
505:
501:
497:
496:
488:
473:
469:
464:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
436:
429:
421:
415:
411:
407:
403:
400:. Cambridge:
399:
393:
378:
377:
370:
366:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
311:
310:Retained name
298:
297:styrene oxide
293:
289:
288:
287:
268:
263:
259:
255:
254:
224:
221:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
199:
196:
192:
191:diethyl ether
188:
185:
182:
181:
180:
177:
175:
171:
167:
157:
154:
150:
146:
141:
137:
135:
131:
130:retained name
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
105:
101:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
620:
599:
587:
575:
563:
534:
522:
494:
487:
475:. Retrieved
445:
441:
428:
397:
392:
381:, retrieved
375:
369:
337:
313:
285:
213:acyl halides
178:
163:
144:
142:
138:
134:trivial name
129:
125:
117:
113:
109:
107:
87:
83:
79:
78:, 1979 (the
75:
71:
49:
39:
35:
29:
477:20 February
463:10092/12053
320:acetic acid
316:formic acid
94:Definitions
383:2017-08-12
118:IUPAC name
18:IUPAC name
639:Beilstein
557:Chapter 1
472:100897636
151:or other
80:Blue Book
649:Category
593:Chap P-5
581:Chap P-5
569:Chapter5
528:CONTENTS
404:. 2014.
354:through
342:through
170:toluene
510:
470:
416:
233:-PH-CH
209:esters
82:) and
56:alkali
468:S2CID
438:(PDF)
328:water
291:acid.
217:salts
120:is a
68:below
44:IUPAC
637:and
508:ISBN
479:2019
414:ISBN
318:and
245:-SiH
237:-SiH
229:-SiH
102:and
34:, a
635:CAS
625:doi
500:doi
458:hdl
450:doi
406:doi
249:-CH
241:-CH
114:PIN
112:or
62:or
40:PIN
30:In
651::
546:^
506:.
466:.
456:.
446:87
444:.
440:.
412:.
356:12
346:.
344:17
340:13
282:S.
253:.
211:,
207:,
143:A
108:A
58:,
641:)
631:.
627::
516:.
502::
481:.
460::
452::
422:.
408::
387:.
352:1
299:.
280:2
278:)
276:4
274:H
272:6
264:.
251:3
247:2
243:2
239:2
235:2
231:2
227:3
197:.
38:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.