1035:
749:
462:
925:, which is also described in RFC 2766, adds translation of the ports as well as the address. This is done primarily to avoid two hosts on one side of the mechanism from using the same exposed port on the other side of the mechanism, which could cause application instability and security flaws. This mechanism has been deprecated by RFC 4966.
775:(CGN), which has a global IPv4 address. The original IPv4 packet is recovered and NAT is performed upon the IPv4 packet and is routed to the public IPv4 Internet. The CGN uniquely identifies traffic flows by recording the CPE public IPv6 address, the private IPv4 address, and TCP or UDP port number as a session.
513:, synthesizes the AAAA records from the A records. The first part of the synthesized IPv6 address points to an IPv6/IPv4 translator and the second part embeds the IPv4 address from the A record. The translator in question is usually a NAT64 server. The standard-track specification of DNS64 is in RFC 6147.
437:
The address, for example, if packets are to be transmitted from an IPv6 address (fec0:0:0:1::/64) to and IPV4 address (10.1.1.1) would read as fec0:0:0:1::10.1.1.1. The packets are routed towards the translator firstly through an IPv6/TCP protocol and then from the translator to the IPv4 host through
337:
to avoid changes to the transport protocol header checksum. The algorithm can be used in a solution that allows IPv6 hosts that do not have a permanently assigned IPv4 address to communicate with IPv4-only hosts. Address assignment and routing details are not addressed by the specification. SIIT can
630:
translator which translates them from IPv6 back into IPv4 and on to an IPv4-only server. The client translator may be implemented on the client itself or on an intermediate device and is known as the CLAT (Customer-side transLATor). The NAT64 translator, or PLAT (Provider-side transLATor), must be
796:
routing is a technique where IPv4 addresses are assigned to end hosts only while intermediate routers are only assigned IPv6 addresses. IPv4 routes are propagated as usual, and no packet translation or encapsulation is employed, but use an IPv6 next hop. V4-via-v6 reduces the amount of management
784:
extends DS-Lite by moving the NAT functionality from the ISP side to the CPE, eliminating the need to implement carrier-grade NAT. This is accomplished by allocating a port range for a shared IPv4 address to each CPE. Moving the NAT functionality to the CPE allows the ISP to reduce the amount of
693:(23H2) has the same implementation as Windows 10. A future version will extend CLAT support to other network devices (currently limited to WWAN). The implementation will use RFC 7050 (ipv4only.arpa DNS query), RFC 8781 (PREF64 , and RFC 8925 (DHCP Option 108) standard
614:
Unlike 6over4 (an older similar protocol using IPv4 multicast), ISATAP uses IPv4 as a virtual nonbroadcast multiple-access network (NBMA) data link layer, so that it does not require the underlying IPv4 network infrastructure to support multicast.
434:) method. TRT acts as an intermediate device between two hosts. The function of the translator is to convert IPV6 into IPV4 addresses and vice versa. TRT accomplishes this translation through IP address mapping and a custom IP address.
1819:
1909:
2015:
1724:
1942:
2491:
1809:
472:
is a mechanism to allow IPv6 hosts to communicate with IPv4 servers. The NAT64 server is the endpoint for at least one IPv4 address and an IPv6 network segment of 32-bits, e.g.,
253:(IPv6). As IPv4 and IPv6 networks are not directly interoperable, transition technologies are designed to permit hosts on either network type to communicate with any other host.
1786:
486:. The IPv6 client embeds the IPv4 address with which it wishes to communicate using these bits, and sends its packets to the resulting address. The NAT64 server then creates a
611:
ISATAP (Intra-Site
Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol) is an IPv6 transition mechanism meant to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of an IPv4 network.
418:
It was used for an early large deployment of an IPv6 service with native addresses during 2007 (RFC 5569). The standard-track specification of the protocol is in RFC 5969.
906:) is defined in RFC 2766, but due to numerous problems, it has been obsoleted by RFC 4966 and deprecated to historic status. It is typically used in conjunction with a
2656:
1898:
2360:
2670:
220:
2331:
631:
able to reach both the server and the client (through the CLAT). The use of NAT64 limits connections to a client-server model using UDP, TCP, and ICMP.
934:
2776:
2007:
797:
required, since the core network only needs to be assigned IPv6 addresses, but still requires that the core network be able to forward IPv4 packets.
2633:
2301:
2771:
1844:
1714:
1048:
844:
network. MAP-T and MAP-E entered standards track in July 2015, and Sky Italia has deployed MAP-T in its internet services as early as year 2021.
1776:
1692:
1931:
520:
It only works for cases where DNS is used to find the remote host address, if IPv4 literals are used the DNS64 server will never be involved.
2483:
2818:
1003:
443:
268:
processes to develop these transition technologies towards that goal. Some basic IPv6 transition mechanisms are defined in RFC 4213.
85:
2624:
The China
Education and Research Network (CERNET) IVI Translation Design and Deployment for the IPv4/IPv6 Coexistence and Transition
2766:
940:
213:
137:
2845:
56:
345:
The specification is a product of the NGTRANS IETF working group, and was initially drafted in
February 2000 by E. Nordmark of
2647:
2104:
707:
has a native CLAT implementation since version 12.0, released in 2018. Additionally, Apple requires all apps submitted to the
2876:
1746:
206:
2573:
278:
2353:
2048:
1875:
2520:
2440:
2391:
2182:
2133:
1606:
1314:
1173:
1117:
879:. It supports an extension of IPv4 addressing based on transport-layer ports. This is a stateless variant of the
257:
2697:
860:
194:
623:
464XLAT (RFC 6877) allows clients on IPv6-only networks to access IPv4-only
Internet services, such as Skype.
189:
2323:
771:
IPv4 packets within IPv6 packets. The CPE uses its global IPv6 connection to deliver the packet to the ISP's
75:
256:
To meet its technical criteria, IPv6 must have a straightforward transition plan from the current IPv4. The
2828:
809:
973:
2823:
2293:
826:
760:
487:
361:
provides IPv6 connectivity by encapsulating IPv6 traffic in IPv4 Internet transit links, typically using
339:
246:
90:
2838:
2663:
Assuring
Interoperability Between Heterogeneous (IPv4/IPv6) Networks Without using Protocol Translation
670:
1840:
2871:
2833:
2738:
910:
785:
state tracked for each subscriber, which improves the scalability of the translation infrastructure.
396:
1985:
1682:
2638:
813:
111:
2792:
1304:
1224:
1107:
801:
684:
626:
The client uses a SIIT translator to convert packets from IPv4 to IPv6. These are then sent to a
411:
packets across automatic tunnels that follow the same optimized routes between customer nodes as
767:
for the LAN clients, according to the networking requirement in the local area network. The CPE
531:
will fail in cases where the DNS server doing the translation is not the domain owner's server.
2662:
365:. This establishes IPv6 tunnels within the IPv4 Internet. The tunnels may be managed with the
382:
366:
106:
61:
840:
port address translation with tunneling of the IPv4 packets over an ISP provider's internal
2542:
2462:
2433:
W. Dec; X. Li; C. Bao; S. Matsushima; T. Murakami (July 2015). O. Troan; T. Taylor (eds.).
2413:
2275:
2241:
2204:
2155:
1665:
1628:
1502:
1468:
1431:
1394:
1336:
1278:
1244:
1195:
1139:
1090:
994:
Linux Kernel device that allow transmission of IPv4 unicast traffic through an IPv6 network
584:
265:
1964:
1602:
Stateful NAT64: Network
Address and Protocol Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers
863:
is an experimental mechanism to facilitate residual deployment of the IPv4 service across
528:
249:(IPv4) infrastructure in use since 1983 to the successor addressing and routing system of
8:
1053:
1573:
Heffernan, Andy; Tsirtsis, George; Srisuresh, Pyda; Akkiraju, Praveen (September 1999).
2690:
1651:
DNS64: DNS Extensions for
Network Address Translation from IPv6 Clients to IPv4 Servers
907:
852:
The following mechanisms are still being discussed or have been abandoned by the IETF:
674:
441:
TRT employs a similar operation to DNS translation between AAAA and A records known as
41:
1548:"Design and Implementation of Transport Relay Translator and its security Mitigations"
2706:
2569:
2534:
2454:
2405:
2196:
2147:
1810:"Orange Polska Has Launched a World's First Innovative IPv6 Solution with SoftAtHome"
1620:
1547:
1386:
1328:
1187:
1163:
1131:
880:
772:
388:
1034:
523:
Because the DNS64 server needs to return records not specified by the domain owner,
2671:
Configuring Hosts to Auto-detect (IPv6, IPv6-in-IPv4, or IPv4) Network
Connectivity
2644:
2524:
2444:
2395:
2265:
2231:
2186:
2137:
2096:
1781:
1719:
1655:
1610:
1492:
1458:
1421:
1376:
1318:
1268:
1234:
1177:
1121:
1080:
955:
805:
742:
346:
173:
80:
683:
has a native WWAN-only implementation of 464XLAT for desktop and mobile since the
2754:
2651:
1040:
833:
764:
708:
238:
132:
2619:
2609:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2545:
2514:
2465:
2434:
2416:
2385:
2278:
2259:
2244:
2225:
2207:
2176:
2158:
2127:
1754:
1668:
1649:
1631:
1600:
1505:
1486:
1471:
1452:
1434:
1415:
1397:
1370:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1308:
1290:
1281:
1262:
1247:
1228:
1207:
1198:
1167:
1142:
1111:
1093:
1074:
2384:
X. Li; C. Bao; O. Troan; S. Matsushima; T. Murakami (July 2015). W. Dec (ed.).
2070:
2008:"Apple to iOS devs: IPv6-only cell service is coming soon, get your apps ready"
1022:
packet filter supports IP version translation since version 5.1, includes NAT64
658:
261:
2675:
1012:, Berkeley Internet Name Domain DNS server, implements DNS64 since version 9.8
490:-mapping between the IPv6 and the IPv4 address, allowing them to communicate.
391:. It is a mechanism to facilitate rapid deployment of the IPv6 service across
2866:
2860:
2683:
2538:
2458:
2409:
2227:
Advertising IPv4 Network Layer
Reachability Information with an IPv6 Next Hop
2200:
2151:
1814:
1747:"464XLAT – A Solution for Providing IPv4 Services Over and IPv6-only Network"
1624:
1390:
1332:
1191:
1135:
1015:
1000:
IPv4/IPv6 packet translation implementation as a Linux kernel(2.6 only) patch
646:
358:
147:
127:
2513:
R. Despres; R. Penno; Y. Lee; G. Chen; M. Chen (July 2015). S. Jiang (ed.).
1488:
IPv6 Rapid
Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) – Protocol Specification
2728:
1750:
944:
724:
linux OS for routers has optional support for clat via the 464xlat package
649:
began IPv6-only (CLAT/NAT64/DNS) service in September 2013, migrating all
349:. It was revised in 2011, and in 2016 its current revision was published.
2733:
1574:
1520:
640:
506:
2038:
1867:
949:
540:# ipv6test.google.com to a NAT64 address: 64:ff9b::<original-ipv4>
2628:
1648:
Bagnulo, M.; Sullivan, A.; Matthews, P.; van Beijnum, I. (April 2011).
991:
690:
680:
502:
2175:
Y. Cui; Q. Sun; M. Boucadair; T. Tsou; Y. Lee; I. Farrer (July 2015).
1161:
985:
2529:
2449:
2400:
2270:
2236:
2191:
2142:
1936:
1903:
1660:
1615:
1497:
1463:
1426:
1413:
1381:
1323:
1273:
1239:
1182:
1126:
1085:
768:
667:
became IPv6-only for mobile services using 464XLAT in February 2020.
2178:
Lightweight 4over6: An Extension to the Dual-Stack Lite Architecture
1899:"Core Network Stack Features in the Creators Update for Windows 10"
1598:
510:
334:
242:
2125:
1647:
1572:
1006:, a reverse proxy and VPN solution that implements DNS64 and NAT64
1019:
729:
721:
664:
590:
2383:
701:
starts to have native CLAT support in Ventura, released in 2022.
516:
There are two noticeable issues with this transition mechanism:
260:(IETF) conducts working groups and discussions through the IETF
2813:
2512:
2174:
2129:
Dual-Stack Lite Broadband Deployments Following IPv4 Exhaustion
2043:
1687:
967:
780:
606:
524:
152:
51:
2516:
IPv4 Residual Deployment via IPv6 - A Stateless Solution (4rd)
2432:
2261:
Pv4 Routes with an IPv6 Next Hop in the Babel Routing Protocol
1222:
979:
961:
741:"DS-Lite" redirects here. For the 2006 video game system, see
2634:
Christian and Tina Strauf – Transport Relay Translator How To
1897:
Havey, Daniel; Balasubramanian, Praveen (February 14, 2019).
1076:
Technical Criteria for Choosing IP The Next Generation (IPng)
830:
715:
698:
627:
537:# DNS resolver 2606:4700:4700:64 synthesizes AAAA records for
469:
456:
370:
168:
71:
1414:
A. Durand; P. Fasano; I. Guardini; D. Lento (January 2001).
2723:
2709:
1009:
997:
876:
872:
864:
841:
837:
654:
650:
412:
408:
404:
400:
392:
362:
295:. The SIIT method defines a class of IPv6 addresses called
292:
288:
250:
66:
46:
36:
1715:"Video: 464XLAT Live Demo at World IPv6 Congress in Paris"
759:
technology does not involve allocating an IPv4 address to
2759:
1575:"DNS extensions to Network Address Translators (DNS_ALG)"
1106:
868:
763:(CPE) for providing Internet access. The CPE distributes
748:
704:
2126:
A. Durand; R. Droms; J. Woodyatt; Y. Lee (August 2011).
461:
2668:
KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems -
1372:
IPv6 Tunnel Broker with the Tunnel Setup Protocol (TSP)
937:, port translator for Windows & Unix-based systems.
923:
Network Address Port Translation + Protocol Translation
2436:
Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation (MAP-E)
1841:"Telstra IPv6 Wireless Enablement – IPv6 Single Stack"
1777:"Case Study: T-Mobile US Goes IPv6-only Using 464XLAT"
1599:
M. Bagnulo; P. Matthews; I. van Beijnum (April 2011).
952:, a CLAT / SIIT-DC Edge Relay implementation for Linux
2387:
Mapping of Address and Port using Translation (MAP-T)
1896:
1368:
1030:
970:, a SIIT and stateful NAT64 implementation for Linux
1454:
IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd)
1302:
1072:
891:These mechanisms have been deprecated by the IETF:
333:node. The prefix was chosen to yield a zero-valued
1166:; M. Bagnulo; M. Boucadair; X. Li (October 2010).
543:$ nslookup ipv6test.google.com 2606:4700:4700::64
287:) translates between the packet header formats in
2777:Comparison of IPv6 support in common applications
2858:
2223:
900:Network Address Translation/Protocol Translation
271:
2772:Comparison of IPv6 support in operating systems
2705:
2224:Le Faucheur, François; Rosen, Eric (May 2009).
1073:Partridge, C.; Kastenholz, F. (December 1994).
1049:Comparison of IPv6 support in operating systems
673:includes a native implementation of CLAT since
395:infrastructures of Internet service providers (
1518:
1264:Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm (SIIT)
732:has implemented NAT64 CLAT since Release 12.1.
421:
399:). It uses stateless address mappings between
2691:
2351:
2324:"[Babel-users] ANNOUNCE: babeld-1.12"
943:, BSD-based static TRT implementation by the
871:, it uses stateless address mappings between
214:
1521:"An IPv6-to-IPv4 Transport Relay Translator"
964:, a stateless NAT64 implementation for Linux
736:
2005:
1641:
1478:
1260:
2698:
2684:
2321:
2294:"[RFC] Babel: Add v4viav6 Support"
2257:
1807:
1444:
1066:
1004:Microsoft Forefront Unified Access Gateway
221:
207:
2528:
2481:
2448:
2399:
2269:
2235:
2190:
2141:
1932:"Windows 11 Plans to Expand CLAT Support"
1659:
1614:
1496:
1462:
1425:
1380:
1322:
1272:
1238:
1218:
1216:
1181:
1157:
1155:
1125:
1084:
338:be viewed as a special case of stateless
2767:World IPv6 Day and World IPv6 Launch Day
2291:
2036:
1545:
1369:M. Blanchet; F. Parent (February 2010).
1169:IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators
886:
747:
460:
2846:Site Multihoming by IPv6 Intermediation
2506:
2426:
2377:
2292:Rammhold, Andreas (December 15, 2020).
2168:
2119:
1592:
1450:
1230:Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm
986:Address Family Transition Router (AFTR)
555:canonical name = ipv6test.l.google.com.
2859:
2051:from the original on December 17, 2022
1878:from the original on December 17, 2022
1727:from the original on 13 September 2017
1519:Hagino, J.; Yamamoto, K. (June 2001).
1407:
1362:
1296:
1254:
1213:
1152:
1110:; X. Li; C. Bao; K. Yin (April 2011).
1100:
321:, in which the IPv4 formatted address
2679:
2494:from the original on 21 February 2023
2107:from the original on January 15, 2023
1912:from the original on February 1, 2023
1808:Twardowska, Marta (January 6, 2015).
1789:from the original on February 4, 2024
1484:
237:is a technology that facilitates the
2352:Mark Townsley (September 24, 2012).
2097:"FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE Release Notes"
2094:
2006:van Beijnum, Iljitsch (2015-06-16).
1712:
1227:; T. Anderson; F. Gont (June 2016).
788:
2614:Framework for IPv4/IPv6 Translation
2322:Chroboczek, Juliusz (May 5, 2022).
1113:Framework for IPv4/IPv6 Translation
714:clatd is a CLAT implementation for
13:
1945:from the original on March 8, 2024
1847:from the original on June 12, 2023
958:, a NAT64 implementation for Linux
928:
921:While almost identical to NAT-PT,
847:
16:IPv4 to IPv6 transition technology
14:
2888:
2559:
2095:Baoi, Danilo G. (June 19, 2021).
1986:"[v6ops] iOS12 IPv6-only"
1865:
982:, a NAT64 gateway, includes DNS64
2258:Chroboczek, Juliusz (May 2022).
1033:
587:dns server via the dns64 module
352:
299:addresses. They have the prefix
2629:D. J. Bernstein – The IPv6 mess
2568:, Benedikt Stockebrand (2006),
2521:Internet Engineering Task Force
2482:Patterson, Richard (May 2021).
2475:
2441:Internet Engineering Task Force
2392:Internet Engineering Task Force
2366:from the original on 2022-12-29
2345:
2334:from the original on 2022-12-29
2315:
2304:from the original on 2022-12-29
2285:
2251:
2217:
2183:Internet Engineering Task Force
2134:Internet Engineering Task Force
2088:
2071:"OpenWrt Wiki package: 464xlat"
2063:
2037:Anderson, Tore (May 20, 2019).
2030:
2018:from the original on 2016-06-28
1999:
1978:
1957:
1924:
1890:
1859:
1833:
1822:from the original on 2023-01-15
1801:
1769:
1739:
1706:
1695:from the original on 2024-04-07
1675:
1607:Internet Engineering Task Force
1566:
1539:
1512:
1315:Internet Engineering Task Force
1174:Internet Engineering Task Force
1118:Internet Engineering Task Force
643:became IPv6-only using 464XLAT.
505:that when asked for a domain's
258:Internet Engineering Task Force
861:IPv4 Residual Deployment (4rd)
808:. It has been implemented the
1:
2645:Understanding Dual-Stack Lite
1527:. Request for Comments Editor
1310:IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm
1261:E. Nordmark (February 2000).
1059:
800:V4-via-v6 is defined for the
272:Stateless IP/ICMP Translation
2877:IPv6 transition technologies
2829:Multicast Listener Discovery
2298:BIRD Internet Routing Daemon
1451:Despres, R. (January 2010).
810:Bird Internet routing daemon
142:
7:
2824:Neighbor Discovery Protocol
1026:
827:Mapping of Address and Port
761:customer-premises equipment
428:Transport Relay Translation
422:Transport Relay Translation
340:network address translation
251:Internet Protocol Version 6
247:Internet Protocol version 4
10:
2893:
2839:Multicast router discovery
1713:Žorž, Jan (3 April 2013).
1359:.
1293:.
1210:.
988:, a DS-Lite implementation
916:
913:(DNS-ALG) implementation.
740:
618:
604:
593:via unbound opkg packages.
454:
380:
23:IPv6 transition mechanisms
2834:Secure Neighbor Discovery
2806:
2798:IPv6 transition mechanism
2785:
2747:
2716:
1485:Troan, O. (August 2010).
1420:. Network Working Group.
1267:. Network Working Group.
911:application-level gateway
894:
737:Dual-Stack Lite (DS-Lite)
711:to work on IPv6 networks.
661:gateways by January 2015.
600:
407:addresses, and transmits
235:IPv6 transition mechanism
2354:"Mapping Address + Port"
836:proposal which combines
546:Non-authoritative answer
534:
493:
450:
447:as defined in RFC 2694.
2793:IPv4 address exhaustion
1868:"What is Android CLAT?"
802:Border Gateway Protocol
527:validation against the
438:an IPv4/TCP protocol.
2484:"IPv6-Only with MAP-T"
1351:. Updated by RFC
1347:Obsoleted by RFC
1289:Obsoleted by RFC
855:
821:
806:Babel routing protocol
765:private IPv4 addresses
753:
677:4.3, released in 2013.
466:
376:
313:and may be written as
2658:IETE Technical Review
887:Deprecated mechanisms
751:
564:ipv6test.l.google.com
464:
426:RFC 3142 defines the
387:6rd was developed by
383:IPv6 rapid deployment
367:Tunnel Setup Protocol
1843:. February 6, 2020.
685:2017 Creators Update
266:Request for Comments
2786:IPv4 to IPv6 topics
2594:Socks-based Gateway
2488:RIPE NCC Open House
2328:Debian Alioth Lists
1757:on 12 November 2020
1054:Softwire (protocol)
976:, user-level NAT-PT
552:ipv6test.google.com
2650:2011-10-20 at the
2471:Proposed Standard.
2422:Proposed Standard.
2213:Proposed Standard.
2164:Proposed Standard.
1637:Proposed Standard.
1417:IPv6 Tunnel Broker
1204:Proposed Standard.
754:
573:64:ff9b::8efa:c3e4
467:
42:Lightweight 4over6
2854:
2853:
2807:Related protocols
2707:Internet Protocol
2584:Bump-in-the-Stack
1785:. June 13, 2014.
1546:Shanmugaraja, P.
1206:Updates RFC
789:V4-via-v6 routing
773:carrier-grade NAT
509:, but only finds
231:
230:
2884:
2872:Routing software
2700:
2693:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2566:IPv6 in Practice
2553:
2549:
2532:
2530:10.17487/RFC7600
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2479:
2473:
2469:
2452:
2450:10.17487/RFC7597
2430:
2424:
2420:
2403:
2401:10.17487/RFC7599
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2365:
2358:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2273:
2271:10.17487/RFC9229
2255:
2249:
2248:
2239:
2237:10.17487/RFC5549
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2192:10.17487/RFC7596
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2143:10.17487/RFC6333
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1720:Internet Society
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1324:10.17487/RFC6145
1300:
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1098:
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1086:10.17487/RFC1726
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1037:
935:stone (software)
743:Nintendo DS Lite
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541:
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347:Sun Microsystems
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317:::ffff:0:a.b.c.d
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2755:IPv6 deployment
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2652:Wayback Machine
2604:Bump-in-the-API
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1554:. Research Gate
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1513:
1483:
1479:
1449:
1445:
1412:
1408:
1367:
1363:
1303:X. Li; C. Bao;
1301:
1297:
1259:
1255:
1223:C. Bao; X. Li;
1221:
1214:
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1101:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1041:Internet portal
1039:
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919:
897:
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867:networks. Like
858:
850:
848:Draft proposals
834:IPv6 transition
824:
791:
757:Dual-Stack Lite
746:
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635:Implementations
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579:Implementations
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459:
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385:
379:
355:
324:
323:
316:
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308:
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297:IPv4-translated
274:
262:Internet Drafts
227:
29:Standards Track
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2561:
2560:External links
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1998:
1977:
1956:
1923:
1889:
1858:
1832:
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1768:
1738:
1705:
1683:"README.DNS64"
1674:
1640:
1591:
1579:rfc-editor.org
1565:
1538:
1525:rfc-editor.org
1511:
1477:
1443:
1440:Informational.
1406:
1361:
1307:(April 2011).
1295:
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1148:Informational.
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804:(BGP) and the
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2640:Network World
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2574:3-540-24524-3
2571:
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2564:
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2552:
2551:Experimental.
2547:
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2017:
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1016:PF (firewall)
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647:Orange Polska
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359:tunnel broker
353:Tunnel broker
350:
348:
343:
341:
336:
332:
329:refers to an
328:
320:
312:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
280:
277:Stateless IP/
269:
267:
263:
259:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
239:transitioning
236:
224:
219:
217:
212:
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196:
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159:
154:
151:
149:
148:Public 4over6
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
128:Tunnel broker
126:
125:
124:
123:
120:Informational
119:
118:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
103:
102:
98:
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92:
89:
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84:
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60:
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55:
53:
50:
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45:
43:
40:
38:
35:
34:
33:
32:
28:
27:
24:
21:
20:
2797:
2729:IPv6 address
2667:
2657:
2639:
2623:
2613:
2603:
2593:
2583:
2565:
2550:
2515:
2508:
2496:. Retrieved
2487:
2477:
2470:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2386:
2379:
2368:. Retrieved
2347:
2336:. Retrieved
2327:
2317:
2306:. Retrieved
2297:
2287:
2260:
2253:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2128:
2121:
2109:. Retrieved
2100:
2090:
2078:. Retrieved
2074:
2065:
2053:. Retrieved
2042:
2032:
2020:. Retrieved
2012:Ars Technica
2011:
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1980:
1968:. Retrieved
1959:
1947:. Retrieved
1935:
1926:
1914:. Retrieved
1902:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1871:
1866:Drown, Dan.
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1835:
1824:. Retrieved
1813:
1803:
1791:. Retrieved
1780:
1771:
1759:. Retrieved
1755:the original
1751:T-Mobile USA
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1718:
1708:
1697:. Retrieved
1686:
1677:
1650:
1643:
1636:
1601:
1594:
1582:. Retrieved
1578:
1568:
1556:. Retrieved
1551:
1541:
1529:. Retrieved
1524:
1514:
1487:
1480:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1371:
1364:
1344:
1309:
1298:
1286:
1263:
1256:
1229:
1203:
1168:
1147:
1112:
1102:
1075:
1068:
945:KAME project
922:
920:
903:
899:
898:
890:
859:
851:
825:
814:
799:
793:
792:
779:Lightweight
778:
777:
769:encapsulates
756:
755:
625:
622:
613:
610:
596:
515:
507:AAAA records
501:describes a
498:
497:
473:
468:
442:
440:
436:
431:
427:
425:
417:
389:Rémi Després
386:
356:
344:
331:IPv6-enabled
330:
322:
314:
303:::ffff:0:0:0
300:
296:
284:
276:
275:
255:
234:
232:
99:Experimental
22:
2739:Mobile IPv6
2734:IPv6 packet
2111:January 15,
2055:January 15,
1916:January 15,
1882:January 15,
1872:Dan's Notes
1793:January 15,
829:(MAP) is a
641:T-Mobile US
281:Translation
2861:Categories
2748:Deployment
2370:2012-09-25
2338:2023-01-15
2308:2023-01-15
1991:5 November
1826:2023-01-15
1699:2024-04-07
1164:C. Huitema
1060:References
691:Windows 11
681:Windows 10
675:Jelly Bean
503:DNS server
182:Deprecated
2710:version 6
2618:RFC
2608:RFC
2598:RFC
2588:RFC
2578:RFC
2539:2070-1721
2459:2070-1721
2410:2070-1721
2359:. Cisco.
2201:2070-1721
2152:2070-1721
1965:"Twitter"
1937:Microsoft
1904:Microsoft
1625:2070-1721
1391:2070-1721
1345:Obsolete.
1333:2070-1721
1287:Obsolete.
1192:2070-1721
1136:2070-1721
794:V4-via-v6
709:App Store
511:A records
476:64:ff9b::
415:packets.
369:(TSP) or
245:from the
2648:Archived
2523:(IETF).
2498:1 August
2492:Archived
2443:(IETF).
2394:(IETF).
2361:Archived
2332:Archived
2302:Archived
2136:(IETF).
2105:Archived
2049:Archived
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1949:March 7,
1943:Archived
1910:Archived
1876:Archived
1851:June 12,
1845:Archived
1820:Archived
1787:Archived
1761:5 August
1731:5 August
1725:Archived
1693:Archived
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1225:F. Baker
1176:(IETF).
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1120:(IETF).
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