1178:
1198:
1188:
88:
general-purpose business computer was introduced. The last member of the family, the System 9003 industrial computer, was introduced in 1985. All members of the System 9000 family did not find much commercial success and the entire family was discontinued on 2 December 1986. The System 9000 was based
275:
computer, but it was also unsuccessful. As a result, manufacturing of the System 9000 family was stopped in
January 1986, and it remained in limited availability until it was discontinued on 2 December 1986. Reasons cited for the failure of the System 9000 were its poor performance and high price,
223:
The System 9000 was developed by IBM Instruments, Inc., an IBM subsidiary established in 1980 that focused on selling scientific and technical instruments as well as the computer equipment designed to control, log, or process these instruments. It was originally introduced as the IBM Instruments
290:
in
January 1983 called the System 9000 "IBM's 'Secret' Computer" and stated that it was "in its quiet way, one of the most exciting new arrivals on today's microcomputer scene". The magazine speculated that with some changes it would be "a natural candidate for a business or general-purpose
83:
consisting of the System 9001, 9002, and 9003. The first member of the family, the System 9001 laboratory computer, was introduced in May 1982 as the IBM Instruments
Computer System Model 9000. It was renamed to the System 9001 in 1984 when the System 9000 family name and the System 9002
130:(lab) model, the 9002 was the desktop model without laboratory-specific features, and the 9003 was a manufacturing and process control version modified to be suitable for factory environments. The System 9002 and 9003 were based on the System 9001, which was based on around an 8
276:
which led to the IBM PC being used where price was of concern, and to other 32-bit microcomputers being used where performance mattered. IBM closed its
Instrument division in January 1987, reassigning the approximately 150 employees that had worked for it to other positions.
270:
operating systems and supported one to four users. The 9002 was unsuccessful in the business market, due to the lack of business application software support from software developers other than IBM. IBM finally introduced a new model, the System 9003, in April 1985 as a
157:. For laboratory data acquisition, analog-to-digital converters that could be attached to its I/O ports were available. User input could be via a user-definable 10-key touch panel on the integrated CRT display, a 57-key user-definable keypad, or a 83-key
295:'s chemistry department criticized several aspects of the hardware and software, but praised the sophisticated BASIC and IBM's customer service. The reviewer concluded that "the CS-9000 is a very fast and powerful laboratory computer very affordable".
263:, which consisted of the System 9001 and 9002. The 9001 was a renamed CS9000, which retained its focus on the instrumentation market, while the 9002 was a general-purpose business computer that ran the IBM CSOS or
240:. Originally, the CS9000 was available for scientific instrument users, it was not offered to customers who wanted to use it for other purposes. The CS9000 was unsuccessful in this niche; the cheaper
735:
681:
741:
David J. States, "NUMBER CRUNCHING ON IBM'S NEW S9000. IBM joins with MIT's
National Magnet Lab to develop spectrometers for imaging systems" in the
303:
At least some ads by dealers in 1983 referred to "The IBM 9000: Multi-User Micro," although the name "IBM Computer System 9000" was also advertised.
793:
306:
IBM also sometimes referred to the System 9000 as "IBM 9000" in their own marketing, at least when referring to their C compiler for the system.
413:
842:
692:
The IBM 9000 C Compiler is derived from
Kernighan and Ritchie (1978) and produces optimized, native 68000 code directly from C source code.
559:
454:
370:
653:
244:
was adequate for many instrumentation tasks, and IBM's larger general-purpose computers were used for more demanding tasks.
786:
1191:
721:
207:
MB could be added to the system using memory boards that plugged into the VERSAbus. Each board could contain up to 1
1078:
779:
1232:
1201:
1061:
272:
771:
259:. IBM formally repositioned the CS9000 on February 21, 1984 as a family of computers, renaming it to the
252:
710:
The
Laboratory Microcomputer: Programming in Pascal and MC68000 Assembly Language on the IBM System 9000
1181:
165:
104:
1237:
1227:
1110:
417:
989:
1222:
1056:
999:
994:
983:
196:
145:(the System 9000 was one of the few that used the VERSAbus). Input/output ports included three
20:
584:
International
Business Machines Corporation (February 21, 1984). Announcement Letter 1984-022.
544:
1083:
437:
241:
177:
713:
248:
326:
180:
operating system that could be extended by loading components from disk. IBM also offered
8:
1121:
292:
224:
Computer System Model 9000 in May 1982. Its long name led to it being referred to as the
523:
Congress, Library of; Office For
Subject Cataloging Policy, Library of Congress (1998).
339:
1157:
1088:
1011:
805:
717:
532:
256:
743:
1051:
760:
747:, fall 1984, pp. 218–230 has a fairly extensive review of S9000 used with CSOS
173:
158:
108:
1152:
1029:
978:
862:
524:
508:
1071:
396:
Derfler, Frank J. Jr. (20 March 1984). "PC's
Powerful Cousin: The IBM CS9000".
135:
93:
90:
764:
1216:
956:
951:
946:
941:
933:
630:
613:
596:
154:
76:
522:
1162:
973:
963:
928:
729:
728:(A book about the System 9000 and how to use it written by a researcher at
594:
Henkel, Tom (5 March 1984). "IBM moves System 9000 into corporate sector".
801:
611:
Henkel, Tom (5 March 1984). "What IBM's move means to users". Micro Bits.
1102:
1004:
751:
Stinson, Steve (5 July 1982). "IBM Instruments introduces lab computer".
482:
398:
192:
506:
Wallace, Richard (20 January 1986). "IBM Stops 9000 Series Production".
161:. The touch panel and keypad were designed for controlling experiments.
118:
OS, which was suitable for business use and supported up to four users.
1021:
920:
142:
100:
85:
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264:
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150:
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127:
97:
1137:
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146:
126:
There were three versions of the System 9000. The 9001 was the
557:
1066:
267:
251:
to sell the CS9000 as an alternative to large computers like
184:
115:
342:
IBM ad in Chem. Eng. News, March 26, 1984, 62 (13), pp 17–19
286:
438:
http://www.old-computers.com/museum/doc.asp?c=623&st=1
802:
686:
628:"IBM System 9003 for manufacturing out". Microcomputers.
80:
634:. Vol. XIX, no. 17. 29 April 1985. p. 48.
738:, a SHARE paper on the CS9000 by Marty Sandfelder (IBM)
656:, Technology section, New York Times, January 9, 1987
168:
called CSOS (Computer System Operating System) on 128
486:. Vol. 1, no. 6. October 1982. p. 30.
111:; and the System 9002 could also run the multi-user
682:"General Software Enhancements for IBM System 9000"
558:Gens, Frank; Christiansen, Chris (November 1983).
187:on the System 9002, but this required at least 640
480:"IBM Announces Science Micro". P-Communications.
1214:
617:. Vol. XVIII, no. 10. pp. 79, 81.
600:. Vol. XVIII, no. 10. pp. 79, 82.
368:
448:
446:
787:
452:
364:
362:
360:
551:
402:. Vol. 3, no. 5. pp. 170–174.
443:
153:instrument port, and a bidirectional 8-bit
23:(ES/9000), a family of mainframe computers.
794:
780:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
357:
284:Noting the obscurity of its 1982 release,
203:KB of main memory as standard, and up to 5
354:BYTE Guide to the IBM PC, fall 1984, p.26
291:computer". A later review by a member of
843:1800 Data Acquisition and Control System
604:
587:
560:"Could 1,000,000 IBM PC Users Be Wrong?"
16:Early 1980s laboratory computer from IBM
750:
505:
490:
395:
1215:
707:
644:IBM Announcement Letter Number 186-165
610:
593:
525:"Library of Congress Subject Headings"
389:
350:
348:
775:
340:The Enhanced IBM System 9000 Computer
327:"The IBM CS-9000 Instrument Computer"
1197:
1187:
1045:Applications, software, and concepts
321:
319:
345:
329:. Columbia Univ. Computing History.
164:All System 9000 members had an IBM
13:
701:
666:"A bright new world for dealers".
369:Clune, Thomas R. (February 1984).
14:
1249:
316:
195:and a VERSAbus card containing a
1196:
1186:
1177:
1176:
19:Not to be confused with the IBM
1079:Programming Development Manager
753:Chemical & Engineering News
674:
659:
647:
638:
621:
578:
516:
211:MB, which were installed in 256
199:. The machines shipped with 128
103:. All members had the IBM CSOS
1173:* Also based on the System/36
708:Cooper, James William (1984).
473:
453:Morgan, Chris (January 1983).
431:
414:"Old-Computers.com collection"
406:
371:"The IBM CS-9000 Lab Computer"
333:
247:In 1983 IBM began encouraging
1:
309:
1062:Dynamic Logical Partitioning
670:. November 1983. p. 19.
279:
273:computer-aided manufacturing
7:
808:, workstations, and servers
654:IBM to Shut Instrument Unit
298:
121:
37:CS-9000, CS/9000, or CS9000
10:
1254:
1143:3790 Communications System
218:
166:real-time operating system
105:real-time operating system
18:
1171:
1130:
1101:
1020:
919:
861:
833:1500 instructional system
813:
765:10.1021/cen-v060n027.p012
455:"IBM's "Secret" Computer"
57:
49:
41:
31:
1192:Minicomputers on Commons
744:BYTE Guide to the IBM PC
736:The CS9000 Microcomputer
1148:8100 Information System
909:7330 Magnetic Tape Unit
806:mini/midrange computers
1057:Dealer Business System
904:1442 card reader/punch
894:1402 card reader/punch
828:1442 card reader/punch
197:memory management unit
27:IBM System 9000 series
21:Enterprise System/9000
1111:ThinkPad Power Series
1084:Quick Response Engine
714:John Wiley & Sons
249:value-added resellers
242:IBM Personal Computer
668:The DEC professional
226:Computer System 9000
1233:68k-based computers
1036:RS64 microprocessor
293:Brandeis University
138:, and the Motorola
28:
1202:Servers on Commons
1089:Single-level store
543:has generic name (
176:(ROM). This was a
26:
1210:
1209:
1097:
1096:
899:1403 line printer
838:1627 drum plotter
823:1132 line printer
257:Honeywell Level 6
149:serial ports, an
96:and the Motorola
75:) is a family of
65:
64:
1245:
1238:32-bit computers
1228:IBM workstations
1200:
1199:
1190:
1189:
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1052:Control Language
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1041:
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416:. Archived from
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366:
355:
352:
343:
337:
331:
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253:DEC Professional
214:
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174:read-only memory
171:
159:Model F keyboard
133:
109:read-only memory
34:
29:
25:
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107:(OS) stored on
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24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1155:
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1115:Predecessors:
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988:Predecessors:
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690:. 1984-08-21.
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94:microprocessor
91:Motorola 68000
77:microcomputers
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566:. p. 135
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36:
33:Also known as
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890:peripherals
848:1627 plotter
756:
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730:IBM Research
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568:. Retrieved
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541:|last2=
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458:
440:oral history
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422:. Retrieved
418:the original
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58:Discontinued
50:Release date
42:Manufacturer
1153:BladeCenter
1030:Advanced/36
990:PS/2 Server
969:System 9000
483:PC Magazine
399:PC Magazine
261:System 9000
193:main memory
89:around the
69:System 9000
1217:Categories
921:IBM System
759:(27): 12.
465:19 October
424:2011-08-18
310:References
143:system bus
101:system bus
86:multi-user
1000:Netfinity
995:PC Server
984:iDataPlex
957:System/38
952:System/36
947:System/34
942:System/32
280:Reception
265:Microsoft
182:Microsoft
113:Microsoft
1182:Category
1163:Series/1
979:System x
974:System p
964:System/7
934:System/3
929:System/3
863:IBM 1400
815:IBM 1130
570:19 March
533:cite web
299:IBM 9000
151:IEEE-488
140:VERSAbus
128:benchtop
122:Features
98:VERSAbus
1138:IBM 801
1103:RS/6000
1005:eServer
852:Calcomp
381:9 March
234:CS/9000
230:CS-9000
219:History
147:RS-232C
1072:object
1067:OS/400
1022:AS/400
720:
238:CS9000
236:, or
213:
209:
205:
201:
191:KB of
189:
172:KB of
170:
132:
1131:Other
1117:RT PC
268:Xenix
185:Xenix
116:Xenix
79:from
73:S9000
886:1460
881:1440
876:1410
871:1401
718:ISBN
572:2016
564:BYTE
545:help
467:2013
459:BYTE
383:2016
375:BYTE
287:BYTE
255:and
134:MHz
67:The
61:1986
53:1982
803:IBM
761:doi
687:IBM
81:IBM
45:IBM
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716:.
712:.
684:.
562:.
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535:}}
531:{{
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.