689:, it ejects matter from its core into space. It is hypothetically formed when a region around a black hole experiences a loss in entropy, and will immediately collapse when the entropy is restored. The loss of entropy allows the black hole to travel back in time, so it will continue to suck matter up into its event horizon, but once something goes into the event horizon of a white hole, space-time is so distorted that it will always lead you to outside the event horizon, even if you try to go to the singularity.
2475:
2486:
2326:
949:
K. Brecher; "Gray Holes", American
Astronomical Society, 182nd AAS Meeting, #55.07; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 25, p.89, May 1993,
249:
443:
2358:
131:. It would take a star like the Sun roughly a quadrillion years to reach this state, so none are believed to exist today.
307:. The core of the star would be hand-sized, containing perhaps two earth masses, and might follow from the collapse of a
2333:
1652:
144:
34:
is a star, or type of star, that is speculated to exist but has yet to be definitively observed. Hypothetical types of
969:
Schunck, F.E. and E.W. Mielke: "General relativistic boson stars", Class. Quantum. Grav. Vol. 20, R301 - R356 (2003)
836:
498:, believed to have existed in the early universe when the only common elements were primordial hydrogen and helium.
793:
24:
275:
This form cannot exist, as
Newtonian gravitation breaks down under these conditions. It is a disproved hypothesis
2045:
475:. To the black hole, it expands instantly, but to the outside world, it takes eons to expand even the slightest.
426:
A final state for a star in the far future (10 years) of the universe, when all matter is transmuted to iron via
260:
2338:
1975:
1959:
994:
814:""Extremely short, sharp flash of radio waves from unknown source in the universe, caught as it was happening""
2385:
2252:
2368:
2319:
2294:
1587:
96:
2511:
2309:
2289:
729:
1672:
645:
2373:
2304:
2274:
235:
20:
2380:
2257:
2234:
1816:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
384:
154:
1523:
1397:
1032:
355:
19:
This article is about scientifically accepted hypothetical star types. For stars in religion, see
2299:
2050:
1849:
1759:
1719:
1701:
1627:
1198:
1124:
954:
813:
304:
229:
2460:
2440:
2212:
2207:
2105:
2000:
1949:
1754:
1744:
1417:
1215:
1183:
1074:
1057:
2314:
2284:
2279:
2269:
2197:
1985:
1151:
266:
150:
1432:
2455:
2353:
2343:
2192:
2160:
1954:
1749:
1734:
1047:
950:
871:
852:
Zhao, Xian-Feng (2017). "Can the massive neutron star PSR J0348+0432 be a hyperon star?".
8:
1915:
1898:
1569:
1471:
1294:
913:
Zhao, Xian-Feng (2017-12-23). "The hyperons in the massive neutron star PSR J0348+0432".
489:
339:
292:
181:
2055:
875:
2450:
2411:
2363:
2348:
2262:
2202:
2125:
2035:
2005:
1995:
1939:
1861:
1552:
1188:
987:
922:
895:
861:
288:
2401:
1826:
1799:
1779:
1363:
1351:
1178:
1158:
1112:
1094:
1062:
899:
887:
832:
735:
427:
1886:
2229:
2182:
2132:
2120:
2098:
2093:
2020:
1980:
1927:
1709:
1632:
1607:
1501:
1422:
1146:
1107:
932:
879:
282:
210:
2416:
2219:
2088:
1932:
1903:
1844:
1839:
1714:
1442:
1407:
1341:
1287:
1282:
1227:
1037:
542:
472:
410:
2478:
2244:
2083:
1910:
1881:
1856:
1789:
1478:
1346:
1232:
1134:
1024:
1014:
771:
753:
655:
628:
569:
245:
241:
2505:
2430:
2224:
2187:
2155:
2030:
1739:
1562:
1533:
1511:
1129:
1102:
1079:
980:
891:
883:
747:
583:
579:
361:
158:
599:
A conjectured star from the early universe with a black hole at its center.
2490:
2165:
2115:
2110:
2010:
1893:
1876:
1834:
1804:
1794:
1729:
1612:
1557:
1538:
1518:
1496:
1488:
1331:
1324:
1163:
1084:
1067:
663:
659:
624:
614:
565:
468:
128:
936:
2406:
2078:
2070:
2060:
2040:
2015:
1944:
1866:
1622:
1597:
1592:
1506:
1466:
1427:
1392:
1375:
1370:
1042:
495:
462:
451:
335:
325:
118:
38:
have been conjectured to exist, have existed or will exist in the future
1990:
1687:
1660:
1637:
1617:
1602:
1454:
1358:
1336:
1314:
1309:
1173:
692:
686:
680:
620:
594:
559:
548:
512:
308:
175:
82:
2177:
2025:
1809:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1724:
1677:
1667:
1461:
1437:
1412:
1319:
1270:
1203:
1193:
1168:
1141:
1117:
1052:
651:
436:
The universe is not old enough for this form to come into existence.
421:
378:
348:
The universe is not old enough for this form to come into existence.
137:
The universe is not old enough for this form to come into existence.
111:
The universe is not old enough for this form to come into existence.
102:
2170:
1871:
1545:
1304:
1277:
927:
866:
765:
669:
471:. The star will start to expand as soon as its density reaches the
330:
A very low-mass star with a surface temperature of only around 300
39:
269:, of a star with gravity so strong that even light cannot escape.
2445:
1920:
1682:
1449:
1402:
1385:
1380:
1299:
405:
73:
607:
The universe is too old for this object to come into existence.
383:
An alternative to a black hole that denies the possibility of a
2435:
2423:
1642:
1528:
775:
535:
518:
331:
300:
189:
78:
575:
296:
193:
185:
1784:
1003:
35:
2485:
153:
which collapses into a black hole state but has neither a
2150:
829:
Introducing the Stars: Formation, Structure and
Evolution
124:
972:
631:
at its core, or star which is a ball of strange matter.
127:, that is too small to become either a black hole or a
50:
Scientifically speculated hypothetical types include:
287:
A star where gravitational collapse is prevented by
23:. For other hypothetical astronomical objects, see
2503:
467:A star where the energy density is around the
16:Stars that are believed or speculated to exist
988:
734:a star proposed as a companion to the Sun by
541:A compact, heavy neutron star with an exotic
81:with enough mass to suddenly collapse into a
334:that could form in the far future, when the
545:where most light does not escape the star.
494:The very earliest stars, virtually free of
448:A hypothetical alternative to black holes.
215:A conjectured alternative to a black hole.
995:
981:
444:Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object
926:
865:
774:later revealed to have been the planet
2504:
976:
826:
709:Specific hypothetical stars include:
123:The final state for a star, like the
912:
851:
105:has exhausted most of its hydrogen.
196:, rather than conventional matter.
13:
963:
404:A massive neutron star containing
342:is higher than the current value.
14:
2523:
704:
265:A theoretical construct based on
2484:
2474:
2473:
794:Hypothetical astronomical object
432:
360:A formulation of black holes in
344:
271:
133:
107:
25:Hypothetical astronomical object
517:A star with a core composed of
101:Conjectured to develop after a
85:when the rotation speed slows.
943:
906:
845:
820:
806:
752:a star recorded by astronomer
1:
2386:Timeline of stellar astronomy
799:
827:Beech, Martin (2019-03-28).
234:Conjectured to have existed
7:
2046:Hertzsprung–Russell diagram
787:
10:
2528:
1960:Kelvin–Helmholtz mechanism
915:Chinese Journal of Physics
21:Stars proposed in religion
18:
2469:
2394:
2243:
2141:
2069:
1968:
1825:
1700:
1578:
1487:
1223:
1214:
1093:
1023:
1010:
1002:
831:. Springer. p. 166.
155:gravitational singularity
2339:With multiple exoplanets
884:10.5506/APhysPolB.48.171
685:The polar opposite of a
295:. In this type of star,
45:
1125:Asymptotic giant branch
854:Acta Physica Polonica B
756:, but never seen again
305:electroweak interaction
2461:Tidal disruption event
1950:Circumstellar envelope
1184:Luminous blue variable
1986:Effective temperature
937:10.6122/CJP.20150601D
267:Newtonian gravitation
236:early in the universe
151:semiclassical gravity
2456:Planet-hosting stars
2334:With resolved images
2305:Historical brightest
2235:Photometric-standard
2161:Solar radio emission
1955:Eddington luminosity
1735:Triple-alpha process
1673:Thorne–Żytkow object
1048:Young stellar object
646:Thorne–Żytkow object
149:A star predicted in
2280:Highest temperature
2051:Color–color diagram
1916:Protoplanetary disk
1720:Proton–proton chain
1398:Chemically peculiar
955:1993AAS...182.5507B
876:2017AcPPB..48..171Z
770:a star recorded by
490:Population III star
340:interstellar medium
293:electroweak burning
182:astronomical object
2512:Hypothetical stars
2285:Lowest temperature
2036:Photometric system
2006:Absolute magnitude
1940:Circumstellar dust
1553:Stellar black hole
1189:Stellar population
1075:Herbig–Haro object
289:radiation pressure
2499:
2498:
2402:Substellar object
2381:Planetary nebulae
1800:Luminous red nova
1710:Deuterium burning
1696:
1695:
1179:Instability strip
1159:Wolf-Rayet nebula
1113:Horizontal branch
1058:Pre-main-sequence
785:
784:
736:Richard A. Muller
702:
701:
564:Star composed of
428:quantum tunneling
299:are converted to
32:hypothetical star
2519:
2491:Stars portal
2489:
2488:
2477:
2476:
2133:Planetary system
2056:Strömgren sphere
1928:Asteroseismology
1649:Black hole star
1221:
1220:
1147:Planetary nebula
1108:Red-giant branch
997:
990:
983:
974:
973:
957:
947:
941:
940:
930:
910:
904:
903:
869:
849:
843:
842:
824:
818:
817:
810:
712:
711:
283:Electroweak star
230:Dark matter star
211:Dark energy star
53:
52:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2483:
2465:
2390:
2359:Milky Way novae
2295:Smallest volume
2239:
2220:Radial velocity
2143:
2137:
2089:Common envelope
2065:
1964:
1933:Helioseismology
1904:Bipolar outflow
1845:Microturbulence
1840:Convection zone
1821:
1715:Lithium burning
1702:Nucleosynthesis
1692:
1574:
1483:
1210:
1089:
1038:Molecular cloud
1019:
1006:
1001:
966:
964:Further reading
961:
960:
948:
944:
911:
907:
850:
846:
839:
825:
821:
812:
811:
807:
802:
790:
707:
543:state of matter
473:Planck constant
291:resulting from
48:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2525:
2515:
2514:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2481:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2290:Largest volume
2287:
2282:
2277:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2249:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2075:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
2001:Magnetic field
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1911:Accretion disk
1908:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1887:Alfvén surface
1884:
1882:Stellar corona
1879:
1874:
1869:
1859:
1857:Radiation zone
1854:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1706:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1655:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1526:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1479:Blue straggler
1476:
1475:
1474:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1237:Main sequence
1235:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1216:Classification
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1152:Protoplanetary
1144:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1110:
1105:
1099:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1000:
999:
992:
985:
977:
971:
970:
965:
962:
959:
958:
942:
921:(4): 221–234.
905:
844:
837:
819:
804:
803:
801:
798:
797:
796:
789:
786:
783:
782:
780:
778:
772:John Flamsteed
768:
762:
761:
759:
757:
754:John Flamsteed
750:
744:
743:
741:
739:
732:
726:
725:
722:
719:
716:
706:
705:Specific stars
703:
700:
699:
697:
695:
690:
683:
677:
676:
674:
672:
667:
656:red supergiant
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
632:
629:strange matter
617:
611:
610:
608:
605:
600:
597:
591:
590:
588:
586:
573:
570:strange matter
562:
556:
555:
553:
551:
546:
539:
532:
531:
529:
527:
522:
515:
509:
508:
506:
504:
499:
492:
486:
485:
483:
481:
476:
469:Planck density
465:
459:
458:
456:
454:
449:
446:
440:
439:
437:
434:
431:
424:
418:
417:
415:
413:
411:PSR J0348+0432
408:
402:
398:
397:
395:
393:
388:
381:
375:
374:
372:
370:
365:
358:
352:
351:
349:
346:
343:
328:
322:
321:
319:
317:
312:
285:
279:
278:
276:
273:
270:
263:
257:
256:
254:
252:
250:JADES-GS-z11-0
246:JADES-GS-z12-0
242:JADES-GS-z13-0
239:
232:
226:
225:
223:
221:
216:
213:
207:
206:
204:
202:
197:
178:
172:
171:
169:
167:
162:
147:
141:
140:
138:
135:
132:
121:
115:
114:
112:
109:
106:
99:
93:
92:
90:
88:
86:
76:
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
57:
47:
44:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2524:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2480:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:Intergalactic
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Galactic year
2429:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2310:Most luminous
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:Proper motion
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:Constellation
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:Solar eclipse
2154:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:Earth-centric
2140:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
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2019:
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2014:
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1740:Alpha process
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1517:
1513:
1512:Helium planet
1510:
1509:
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1505:
1503:
1502:Parker's star
1500:
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1433:Lambda Boötis
1431:
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1199:Superluminous
1197:
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1103:Main sequence
1101:
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1080:Hayashi track
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838:9783030117047
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816:. 2015-01-19.
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748:3 Cassiopeiae
746:
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584:XTE J1739-285
581:
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563:
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401:Hyperon star
400:
399:
396:
394:
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389:
386:
382:
380:
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369:
366:
363:
362:string theory
359:
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329:
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160:
159:event horizon
156:
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143:
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64:
61:
58:
55:
54:
51:
43:
41:
37:
33:
26:
22:
2354:White dwarfs
2344:Brown dwarfs
2327:Most distant
2275:Most massive
2253:Proper names
2213:Photographic
2166:Solar System
2144:observations
2071:Star systems
1894:Stellar wind
1877:Chromosphere
1850:Oscillations
1730:Helium flash
1580:Hypothetical
1579:
1558:X-ray binary
1497:Compact star
1332:Bright giant
1085:Henyey track
1063:Herbig Ae/Be
945:
918:
914:
908:
857:
853:
847:
828:
822:
808:
718:Description
708:
664:neutron star
634:
625:neutron star
615:Strange star
602:
580:PSR B0943+10
566:quark matter
538:(grey hole)
524:
501:
478:
390:
367:
314:
218:
199:
164:
129:neutron star
59:Description
49:
31:
29:
2407:Brown dwarf
2183:Circumpolar
2061:Kraft break
2041:Color index
2016:Metallicity
1976:Designation
1945:Cosmic dust
1867:Photosphere
1633:Dark-energy
1608:Electroweak
1593:Black dwarf
1524:Radio-quiet
1507:White dwarf
1393:White dwarf
1043:Bok globule
463:Planck star
385:singularity
336:metallicity
326:Frozen star
119:Black dwarf
62:Candidates
2369:Candidates
2364:Supernovae
2349:Red dwarfs
2208:Extinction
1996:Kinematics
1991:Luminosity
1969:Properties
1862:Atmosphere
1760:Si burning
1750:Ne burning
1688:White hole
1661:Quasi-star
1588:Blue dwarf
1443:Technetium
1359:Hypergiant
1337:Supergiant
928:1712.08854
867:1712.08870
860:(2): 171.
800:References
693:GRB 060614
687:black hole
681:White hole
621:quark star
619:A form of
595:Quasi-star
560:Quark star
549:V404 Cygni
513:Preon star
309:quark star
188:, such as
180:A star or
176:Boson star
145:Black star
97:Blue dwarf
83:black hole
2300:Brightest
2198:Magnitude
2178:Pole star
2099:Symbiotic
2094:Eclipsing
2026:Starlight
1827:Structure
1817:Supernova
1810:Micronova
1805:Recurrent
1790:Symbiotic
1775:p-process
1770:r-process
1765:s-process
1755:O burning
1745:C burning
1725:CNO cycle
1668:Gravastar
1204:Hypernova
1194:Supernova
1169:Dredge-up
1142:Blue loop
1135:super-AGB
1118:Red clump
1095:Evolution
1053:Protostar
1033:Accretion
1025:Formation
900:119207371
892:0587-4254
652:red giant
452:Q0957+561
422:Iron star
406:hyperons.
379:Gravastar
261:Dark star
103:red dwarf
2506:Category
2479:Category
2374:Remnants
2270:Extremes
2230:Parallax
2203:Apparent
2193:Asterism
2171:Sunlight
2121:Globular
2106:Multiple
2031:Variable
2021:Rotation
1981:Dynamics
1872:Starspot
1546:Magnetar
1489:Remnants
1305:Subgiant
1278:Subdwarf
1130:post-AGB
788:See also
766:34 Tauri
738:in 1984
670:HV 11417
356:Fuzzball
303:via the
184:made of
40:universe
2446:Gravity
2395:Related
2315:Nearest
2263:Chinese
2111:Cluster
2084:Contact
1921:Proplyd
1795:Remnant
1683:Blitzar
1657:Hawking
1613:Strange
1563:Burster
1519:Neutron
1472:Extreme
1423:He-weak
1068:T Tauri
951:Bibcode
872:Bibcode
730:Nemesis
338:of the
332:kelvins
301:leptons
190:photons
157:nor an
74:Blitzar
2436:Galaxy
2424:Planet
2412:Desert
2320:bright
2258:Arabic
2079:Binary
1899:Bubble
1623:Planck
1598:Exotic
1534:Binary
1529:Pulsar
1467:Helium
1428:Barium
1371:Carbon
1364:Yellow
1352:Yellow
1325:Yellow
1164:PG1159
898:
890:
835:
776:Uranus
721:Notes
658:whose
536:Q star
519:preons
496:metals
297:quarks
248:, and
194:gluons
186:bosons
79:Pulsar
65:Notes
2441:Guest
2245:Lists
2126:Super
1780:Fusor
1653:Black
1638:Quark
1618:Preon
1603:Boson
1539:X-ray
1455:Shell
1408:Ap/Bp
1310:Giant
1228:Early
1174:OH/IR
1004:Stars
923:arXiv
896:S2CID
862:arXiv
724:Refs
715:Star
662:is a
627:with
576:3C 58
68:Refs
56:Type
46:Types
36:stars
2116:Open
2011:Mass
1835:Core
1785:Nova
1678:Iron
1628:Dark
1438:Lead
1418:HgMn
1413:CEMP
1342:Blue
1315:Blue
1233:Late
1015:List
888:ISSN
833:ISBN
660:core
635:none
623:, a
603:none
525:none
502:none
479:none
391:none
368:none
315:none
219:none
200:none
165:none
2417:Sub
2151:Sun
1570:SGR
1347:Red
1320:Red
933:doi
880:doi
654:or
568:or
192:or
125:Sun
2508::
1450:Be
1403:Am
1386:CH
1381:CN
1300:OB
1295:WR
931:.
919:53
917:.
894:.
886:.
878:.
870:.
858:48
856:.
666:.
650:A
582:,
578:,
572:.
521:.
433:—
430:.
387:.
364:.
345:—
311:.
272:—
244:,
238:.
161:.
134:—
108:—
42:.
30:A
1643:Q
1462:B
1376:S
1288:B
1283:O
1271:M
1266:K
1261:G
1256:F
1251:A
1246:B
1241:O
996:e
989:t
982:v
953::
939:.
935::
925::
902:.
882::
874::
864::
841:.
27:.
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