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708:. Hundreds were murdered along the way, survivors were forced to try to swim across the Bug to the USSR, but the Soviets did not permit them to enter. The survivors returned to Hrubieszów. In August 1940, German police arrested about 800 Jews and deported 600 to a forced labor camp where about half died. Sometime between the summer of 1940 and June 1942, an
727:
where they were all killed. The second deportation from
Hrubieszów took place on 28 October 1942, when 2,500 Jews were deported to Sobibor and killed. Around 400 who resisted were executed at the Jewish cemetery and the last 160 Jews were sent to a forced labor camp in
696:" after it invaded the town on 15 September 1939. Over 2,000 Jews, having experienced the Nazi German terror, left with the withdrawing Soviet army, which shortly occupied the town after 25 September 1939. On 2 December 1939, 1,000 Jews from Hrubieszów and 1,100 from
636:, the German army entered the town on 15 September 1939. Ten days later the Germans withdrew and the Soviet army occupied the town, but after a fortnight returned it to the Germans, in accordance with a new Soviet-German agreement. During the
763:
Most of the Betar youth were killed in the spring of 1942 and in subsequent months together with the local Jewish population. A small number, however, managed to return to the ghetto and later took part in the
760:
who was left to run the property. Among those sent to Dłużniów was a young woman from Warsaw named Hanka Tauber. Her account of what went on there was recorded in the ghetto diary of
Abraham Lewin.
1055:
756:
to work on local farms and estates, including one in Dłużniów and
Werbkowice. Before the war, the estate in Dłużniów had belonged to Maks Glazermann, a Jewish engineer from
784:
849:
800:
656:
732:. About 140 of Hrubieszów 's Jews are thought to have survived. They were mostly those who had fled to Soviet controlled territory at the beginning of the war.
648:. In 1944, the German occupation ended, and the town was restored to Poland, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, which stayed in power until the
712:
was formed. Both local Jews and those forced to move to
Hrubieszów were confined to a fixed area. By April 1942, there were more than 5800 Jews in the ghetto.
901:
664:
689:
The Jewish population numbered 709 in 1765, 3,276 in 1856, 5,352 (out of 10,636) in 1897, in 1921, there were 5679, and probably around 7500 in 1939.
1628:
768:
uprising. Julek Brandt escaped from a transport heading for the
Sobibor extermination camp. He was denounced by locals who tuned him over to the
1643:
1155:
1262:
776:
Ebner, who named him chief of a small work camp on
Jatkowa Street. At the end of 1942 or the beginning of 1943, Brandt was executed by Ebner.
1374:
574:
organization in Europe, which existed until 1945. The name of the town was changed in 1802 from
Rubieszów to Hrubieszów. Following the
693:
106:
799:
located about 20 km to the east. In 2015 the road was rerouted to a newly built bypass avoiding the town centre. A wide gauge
1638:
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1522:
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In June 1942, around 3,000 Jews from the ghetto were rounded up, some were killed in the town, and most were sent to the
30:
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existed on the Huczwa river island. It was first mentioned in 1254, as a hunting settlement located among forests.
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in 981, and afterwards it changed possession several times between Poland and Rus', and even fell to the
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752:(Jewish Council) Samuel Brandt, arranged for several hundred members of the Betar youth movement in the
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In 1366, the area, along with
Hrubieszów, then called Rubieszów, was eventually recaptured by King
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527:. Sometime in the late 14th century, a wooden castle was built here, as a residence of a local
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runs through the town. A normal gauge railway runs parallel to it, which carries two pairs of
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644:. Many inhabitants, including almost all of the 7,000 Jewish residents, were murdered in the
520:
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458:. Hrubieszów is also the birthplace of Polish writer, novelist and author of popular books
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Throughout history, the town's culture and architecture was strongly shaped by its Polish
432:
183:
8:
740:
In the summer of 1941, Julek (Joel/Jakób) Brandt, a leader of the
Zionist youth movement
1383:
1312:
1196:
Libionka, Dariusz and
Laurence Weinbaum, A New Look at the Betar 'Idyll' in Hrubieszów,
931:
1512:
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1065:. ISBN 978-3-943460-09-4, ISSN 2194-8879 (düsseldorf university press, Düsseldorf 2012)
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535:, who visited it in 1411, 1413 and 1430. A castle and church were later added. King
1332:
551:, who raided this area in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries, and by the rebellious
396:
338:
1307:
973:
936:
844:
477:
459:
1562:
967:
586:
579:
466:
371:
1592:
1186:. Bloomington, Indiana: University of Indiana Press. p. Volume II, 634–636.
812:
454:. Almost all of the Jewish community of the town, however, were murdered in the
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857:
820:
548:
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447:
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1240:
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is the closest international airport, located about 120 km away by road.
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During World War II, the German army immediately organized a series of "
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1507:
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531:. Probably in 1400 Rubieszów received a town charter from Polish king
508:
in the mid-13th century. The origins of the town go back to the early
705:
645:
497:
455:
266:
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1502:
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1213:
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runs through the town, continuing to the road border crossing with
749:
552:
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passing through Rubieszów. The town was destroyed several times by
528:
355:
697:
598:
431:, with a population of around 18,212 (2016). It is the capital of
956:
796:
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677:
Between 1975 and 1998, the town was administratively part of the
816:
757:
614:
544:
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451:
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292:
271:
178:
151:
1218:
1271:
970:(born 1923), toymaker, poker player, author, and entrepreneur
886:
741:
190:
593:. In 1909, its population was 15,000. In the final weeks of
344:
1142:
Zarys historji wojennej 5-go Pułku Strzelców Podhalańskich
330:
578:
of 1809 the town became part of the short-lived Polish
570:
founded the Hrubieszów Agricultural Society, the first
390:
748:
who was a relative of the chairman of the Hrubieszów
657:
Ukrainian population was expelled to the Soviet Union
492:, a territory which was included within the emerging
422:
410:
659:. In May 1946, the town was the site of the largest
597:, in November 1918, a newly formed Polish unit from
873:
Madonna of Ceaseless Help Catholic Church (1903-5).
605:, within which it was administratively part of the
601:liberated the town. It was integrated with reborn
1620:
826:
655:After World War II, what remained of the town's
496:in the 10th century by its first historic ruler
1270:
942:Notable residents of Hrubieszów have included:
1085:"Remember Jewish Hrubieszów - Genealogy Group"
815:and second through northern-central Poland to
613:was based in Hrubieszów, before relocating to
1368:
1256:
1034:Data from Central Statistical Office (Poland)
416:
986:Others with ancestry from the city include:
850:Church of the Dormition of the Mother of God
500:. It was invaded and annexed from Poland by
1056:"Eastern Yiddish Toponyms of German Origin"
772:in Hrubieszów. There he was put to work by
1375:
1361:
1263:
1249:
1170:Jewish Virtual Library: Hrubieszow, Poland
1154:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
911:sports club is based in Hrubieszów, with
839:Hrubieszów boasts a number of monuments:
801:Hrubieszów–Sławków Południowy LHS railway
539:ordered the construction of a route from
1181:
930:
830:
714:
619:
476:
1629:Cities and towns in Lublin Voivodeship
1621:
1139:
1053:
999:(1889–1974), third President of Israel
1644:Historic Jewish communities in Poland
1356:
1244:
1047:
854:An outdoor sculpture of Bolesław Prus
370:
240:33.03 km (12.75 sq mi)
1382:
1144:(in Polish). Warszawa. pp. 7–8.
735:
955:(1910–1991), member of the Israeli
882:complex, housing a regional museum.
684:
562:in 1772, Hrubieszów was annexed by
417:
400:
16:Place in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland
13:
1236:Official Hrubieszów County website
1010:List of cities and towns in Poland
84:
14:
1655:
1207:
1184:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos
926:
582:, then in 1815 it became part of
1591:
1341:
1224:Hrubieszów Jewish genealogy site
993:(born 1947), American playwright
343:
329:
164:
144:
83:
76:
57:
47:
29:
1172:, Retrieved on 6 December 2013.
892:Jewish cemeteries (Old and New)
628:During the joint German-Soviet
1219:Hrubieszów information service
1214:Official website of Hrubieszów
1190:
1175:
1162:
1133:
1107:
1077:
1022:
860:Catholic Church (17th-century)
1:
1639:Holocaust locations in Poland
1121:(in Polish). 10 November 2018
1115:"To był dla Chełma dobry rok"
1015:
827:Heritage sights and monuments
719:Memorial to Holocaust victims
1601:Seat (not part of the gmina)
779:
523:, and reintegrated with the
488:The area formed part of the
427:) is a town in southeastern
7:
1182:Megargee, Geoffrey (2012).
1003:
774:Gestapo Obersturmbannführer
640:, the region witnessed the
423:
411:
391:
10:
1660:
1140:Wyzina, Władysław (1928).
1054:Beider, Alexander (2012).
725:Sobibor extermination camp
670:movement and those of the
611:4th Polish Rifles Regiment
472:
1600:
1589:
1390:
1339:
1295:
1282:
982:(1918–1988), psychologist
896:
560:First Partition of Poland
380:
351:
337:
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282:
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236:
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189:
177:
157:
137:
102:
71:
43:
28:
21:
672:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
668:Freedom and Independence
663:by the partisans of the
248:200 m (700 ft)
1200:, volume XXXVII (2009).
462:, and entrepreneur and
1119:Super Tydzień Chełmski
939:
836:
807:trains, first through
720:
625:
485:
1063:Yiddish Studies Today
976:(1847–1912), novelist
934:
843:Birthplace of writer
834:
718:
665:Polish anti-communist
623:
533:Władysław II Jagiełło
521:Casimir III the Great
484:Saint Nicholas church
480:
284: • Summer (
1543:Stefankowice-Kolonia
1089:chelm.freeyellow.com
537:Casimir IV Jagiellon
372:[xruˈbjɛʂuf]
1478:Kułakowice Pierwsze
1168:Krakowski, Stefan.
1030:"Polska w Liczbach"
949:1762-1842, inventor
512:, when a defensive
424:Ribishoyv/Rubishoyv
118: /
1513:Moniatycze-Kolonia
1483:Kułakowice Trzecie
1198:Yad Vashem Studies
1095:on 23 January 2013
940:
837:
721:
679:Zamość Voivodeship
630:invasion of Poland
626:
607:Lublin Voivodeship
591:Lublin Governorate
584:Russian-controlled
486:
464:Holocaust survivor
452:Jewish inhabitants
437:Lublin Voivodeship
258: • Total
237: • Total
224: • Mayor
1634:Hrubieszów County
1616:
1615:
1473:Kułakowice Drugie
1350:
1349:
1323:Gmina Trzeszczany
1303:Gmina Dołhobyczów
1276:Hrubieszów County
964:(1877–1937), poet
736:Jewish resistance
710:occupation ghetto
650:Fall of Communism
638:German occupation
576:Austro-Polish War
568:Stanisław Staszic
525:Kingdom of Poland
433:Hrubieszów County
409:
389:
361:
360:
339:Voivodeship roads
198:
122:50.817°N 23.883°E
1651:
1595:
1384:Gmina Hrubieszów
1377:
1370:
1363:
1354:
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1345:
1333:Gmina Werbkowice
1313:Gmina Hrubieszów
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1258:
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1091:. Archived from
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1070:
1060:
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1045:
1044:
1042:
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1026:
962:Bolesław Leśmian
910:
889:Catholic Church.
785:National road 74
685:Jewish community
632:, which started
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356:Official website
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1038:
1036:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1006:
968:Henry Orenstein
929:
904:
902:Unia Hrubieszów
899:
864:Orthodox church
835:Regional museum
829:
809:southern Poland
782:
738:
687:
642:Zamość Uprising
609:. In 1919, the
587:Congress Poland
580:Duchy of Warsaw
475:
467:Henry Orenstein
367:
309:
283:
203:First mentioned
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38:- local brewery
36:Browar Sulewski
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858:Saint Nicholas
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1308:Gmina Horodło
1306:
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1548:Świerszczów
1069:26 December
1039:29 December
991:David Mamet
905: [
885:Madonna of
702:death march
595:World War I
572:cooperative
566:. In 1800,
510:Middle Ages
502:Kievan Rus'
435:within the
401:הרוביעשאָוו
304:Postal code
211:Town rights
195:Hrubieszów
159:Voivodeship
125: /
1623:Categories
1608:Hrubieszów
1573:Wołajowice
1568:Ubrodowice
1563:Turkołówka
1553:Szpikołosy
1523:Nowosiółki
1508:Moniatycze
1423:Czortowice
1418:Czerniczyn
1403:Białoskóry
1288:Hrubieszów
1125:4 December
1016:References
923:sections.
877:Du Château
558:After the
412:Hrubyeshov
364:Hrubieszów
315:Car plates
253:Population
219:Government
184:Hrubieszów
91:Hrubieszów
23:Hrubieszów
1558:Teptiuków
1493:Masłomęcz
1488:Łotoszyny
1438:Dziekanów
1413:Cichobórz
1150:cite book
917:athletics
780:Transport
706:Bug River
646:Holocaust
498:Mieszko I
456:Holocaust
406:romanized
392:Hrubeshiv
386:romanized
377:Ukrainian
267:Time zone
245:Elevation
1528:Obrowiec
1518:Moroczyn
1503:Mieniany
1468:Kozodawy
1408:Brodzica
1391:Villages
1227:Archived
1004:See also
913:football
866:with 13
750:Judenrat
553:Cossacks
529:governor
381:Грубешів
1583:Wołynka
1533:Ślipcze
1498:Metelin
1448:Husynne
1433:Dąbrowa
1398:Annopol
957:Knesset
868:cupolas
797:Ustyluh
789:Ukraine
770:Gestapo
746:Chorzów
704:to the
694:aktions
564:Austria
482:Baroque
473:History
408::
397:Yiddish
388::
368:Polish:
352:Website
139:Country
113:23°53′E
110:50°49′N
1578:Wolica
1463:Kosmów
1443:Gródek
1428:Czumów
1272:Gminas
1099:7 June
897:Sports
870:(1875)
730:Budzyń
603:Poland
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429:Poland
418:רובשוב
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1285:Seat:
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744:from
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698:Chełm
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415:, or
293:UTC+2
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191:Gmina
1156:link
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1101:2017
1071:2023
1041:2016
919:and
817:Piła
758:Lwów
615:Bełz
545:Lwów
514:gord
450:and
297:CEST
232:Area
214:1400
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