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Lamar's death, Justice Brown, whom
Jackson had recommended to Harrison a few years prior, paid a visit to the White House. Wishing to return the favor, the Republican Brown suggested that the Democratic Jackson would be an ideal candidate for Harrison to select. Jackson indeed checked all the boxes for Harrison: he was a conservative and well-regarded jurist and came from the South, as Lamar had. The two had also served in the Senate together and were close friends. Harrison agreed to nominate Jackson, doing so on February 2. The decision surprised both Republicans and Democrats, who expected Harrison to choose someone from his own party. Jackson's nomination was held up initially in committee, but senators unanimously confirmed their ex-colleague on February 18. Most had expected some objections on the floor, and a contemporaneous
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863:. A lower federal court threw out the indictments, holding the officers were not exercising any legally protected civil right while they were carrying out their duties. Jackson rejected these arguments. In his view, federal officers have a constitutionally protected right "of accepting the public employment, and engaging in the administration of its functions". On that basis, Jackson concluded the prosecution under the Civil Rights Act could go forward since the officers' civil rights had been violated. Some Southerners denounced the ruling, objecting that it expanded the scope of an already loathed law. Jackson's decision also showed that his stances were sufficiently moderate to coalesce with the Republican agenda.
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694:. At the convention, Jackson lost by a single vote; he refused the entreaties of his supporters to challenge the result. Jackson then became involved in what was then Tennessee's key political dispute: whether to pay back the state debt. Republicans generally supported its repayment, while Democrats were split between a state-credit faction, which was supportive of fulfilling the state's financial obligations and a low-tax faction, which favored repudiating the debt. Jackson, who viewed repudiation to be immoral, was firmly on the state-credit side of this debate. After giving a speech on the debt, he was urged to run for a seat in the
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947:. In practice, it would be impossible to apportion such taxes among the states, so a ruling on that basis would doom all federal income taxation. Jackson was ill, but the eight remaining justices heard the case. They struck down certain other provisions of the act but split 4–4 on the constitutionality of the income tax. When Jackson suggested he could return to Washington, the Court agreed to rehear the case to make a more conclusive ruling on the income tax's legality.
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During the three days of arguments, lawyers aimed their contentions at the violently coughing
Jackson, often ignoring other justices in their zeal to persuade the swing vote. But when the ruling finally came down on May 20, 1895, Jackson was in dissent. A five-justice majority led by Chief Justice Fuller ruled the tax to be unconstitutional, declaring it was an impermissible unapportioned direct tax. Jackson joined Brown and justices
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813:. Cleveland asked his friend Jackson, who was still serving in the Senate, to recommend potential replacements, but the President ignored his advice and instead offered the seat to him. The senator attempted to decline, but Cleveland's insistence eventually led him to agree to be nominated. The Senate unanimously confirmed Jackson. During his seven-year tenure, he heard a variety of cases, a number of which pertained to
1077:. Jackson returned to his Tennessee home in February; his health began improving, and he expressed the hope that he would be able to return to his judicial duties by fall. His desire to participate in the income tax case led him to return to Washington in May, earlier than he had anticipated. The journey did substantial harm to Jackson's health, and Schiffman notes that his failure in
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Republican could be elected if they did not unite behind a candidate, backed
Jackson as well. Convinced by Butler, other Republicans did the same, and Jackson was elected, receiving sixty-eight votes of the ninety-eight cast. He telegraphed his resignation from the state house, effective immediately, to Governor
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was among the leading cases of the era, and his vote aligned with later public sentiment. While
Jackson was well regarded by his contemporaries, Timothy L. Hall writes that he "would probably never have been a great Supreme Court justice"; according to Hall, the "plodding and pedestrian" Jackson "was
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in dissenting from the Court's holding. In an impassioned opinion, he wrote "this decision is, in my judgment, the most disastrous blow ever struck at the constitutional power of
Congress". Numerous coughing fits interrupted Jackson's ardent turns of phrase, stopping the seriously ill justice several
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and would take office in six weeks. Although
Harrison wanted to appoint a fellow Republican to fill the vacancy, he recognized that the Democrat-controlled Senate would likely refuse to act on the nomination since it could simply wait for Cleveland to make a more favorable appointment. Not long after
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also failed to garner majority support. Jackson, who was considered capable of obtaining bipartisan support, refused to enter the race because he favored Bailey. A week of balloting failed to break the gridlock. Bailey then withdrew from consideration and urged
Jackson to enter the race in his stead.
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changed their votes, but those proposals are difficult to reconcile with primary sources. The remaining possibility is that no justice changed his vote. According to this theory, five justices were averse to the tax from the beginning, but they were unable to unite behind one legal theory initially.
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Because the other eight justices had been evenly split, it was assumed that
Jackson's vote would determine the case. Experts were uncertain how he would rule: his Southern background suggested he might support the tax, but his pro-business judicial views meant he might be inclined to strike it down.
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Jackson practiced law in
Jackson until 1880. In 1875, however, he was appointed a judge of the temporary Court of Arbitration for Western Tennessee, which heard cases stemming from the large backlog created by the Civil War. When that court was dissolved, Jackson sought the Democratic nomination for
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Since Currin had died during the war, Jackson started a new legal practice with a former colleague. Their clients consisted mainly of banks and other business enterprises. The firm was successful, arguing numerous cases before the
Memphis courts. Jackson's political sympathies had by this time moved
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History has taken little notice of most of Jackson's remaining opinions. He was assigned to write a number of opinions involving patent law, a field with which his circuit court tenure had given him experience. A disproportionate number of his rulings drew no dissents, suggesting they were mostly
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and higher infrastructure spending. Jackson's views on legal issues were influential among his colleagues: many important bills on the judiciary were referred to the subcommittee on which he sat. More important than his legislative accomplishments, however, were the personal relationships that he
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to the finance, ways and means; judiciary; penitentiary; public grounds and buildings; incorporations; and privileges and elections committees. He was given the chairmanship of the committee on public grounds and buildings, but his prompt elevation to the U.S. Senate prevented him from making any
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died. Harrison wanted to select a Republican replacement for Lamar, but he realized Democratic senators would likely stall the nomination until he left office. He chose Jackson, whom he viewed both as a close friend and a well-regarded jurist. The Senate unanimously confirmed Jackson just before
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report noted that many were left "wondering...what became of the opposition". Professor Richard D. Friedman concludes their acquiescence was understandable: Democrats "could not very well vote against one of their own", while "Republicans, after initial disgruntlement, understood the logic of
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announced his support for Jackson, saying he had given up any hope that a Republican would be chosen. The Speaker of the House, a Maynard loyalist, followed suit, arguing that Jackson was the best choice among the Democrats. A number of Democratic legislators, many of whom were afraid that a
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Jackson's brief tenure on the Supreme Court lasted from March 4, 1893 until his death on August 8, 1895. He wrote only forty-six opinions. Because of his poor health and his lack of seniority, many of them were rendered in insignificant cases, especially patent disputes.
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Jackson's impact on history was minimal, due in no small part to the brevity of his Supreme Court tenure. A 1972 survey of legal scholars found Jackson was considered a "below average" justice, although the respondents declined to classify him as a "failure". His participation in
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in western Tennessee, placing him in charge of confiscating and selling the property of Union loyalists. Extant newspaper accounts show Jackson auctioned off a wide variety of property, including almonds, pickles, chairs, alcohol, tobacco and dried peaches. Just before the Union
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insignificant. His poor health and the fact that he was one of the newest justices for the entirety of his brief tenure likely contributed to this. Jackson's few cases display support for the proposition that the judiciary should defer to the legislature. His opinions in
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capable of solid work but not of judicial brilliance". Scholar Roger D. Hardaway, while conceding that the justice "is not a giant" in the annals of the Supreme Court, argues that Jackson's accomplished if brief work deserves a prominent place in Tennessee history. The
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as the "vacillating Justice"; biographer Willard King notes that "great obloquy was heaped on him" by outlets that opposed the Court's decision. While this suggestion continues to have its adherents, three sources denied Shiras's vote changed. Others have argued that
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rejected a Sherman Act indictment against whiskey producers on the basis that the defendants were not preventing other firms from entering the whiskey market. Jackson's narrow interpretation of the Act set the stage for later consequential antitrust cases, including
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within a year of taking the bench. He returned quickly to his duties, but his illness worsened, and he had to leave the capital. In October 1894, he journeyed to the West hoping the climate would improve his condition. He traveled to
596:, graduating in 1856 after one year's study. Jackson was admitted to the bar that same year and began practicing law in the town of Jackson. His work there appears to have been largely unsuccessful, and he moved to the larger city of
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Jackson married Sophie Malloy, a Memphis banker's daughter, in 1859. They had six children (two of whom died during infancy) before her death in 1873. He then married Mary Harding, the daughter of influential Tennessee resident
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before he could continue the practice of law. Arguing that his role in the Confederate civil service was small, Jackson claimed in his petition that no formal sequestration orders had ever been issued under his tenure. Scholar
1065:. Having no independent source of income, Jackson could not retire without a special act of Congress giving him a pension. Being too unwell to participate, he was unable to cast a vote in the consequential cases of
556:, on April 8, 1832. His parents, natives of Virginia, moved to Tennessee in 1827. Jackson's father, Alexander, was a university-trained physician in a time when professional medical training was rare. A
512:, Jackson was selected as a consensus candidate, garnering bipartisan support. Despite being a loyal Democrat, he was held in high regard by fellow officeholders of both political parties, including Democrat
698:. Jackson reluctantly agreed, and he was elected in 1880 to represent Madison County following a contentious campaign. After the legislature's session began in January 1881, he was appointed by Speaker
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1081:"provided little incentive with which to uplift the spirit beyond the pains of the body". He died in Nashville just eleven weeks after the decision was rendered; his remains were buried in that city's
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kept him from total obscurity in the annals of history, the journey to Washington also worsened his health considerably: he died on August 8, 1895, only eleven weeks after the ruling was handed down.
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panels. Despite his loyalty to the Democratic platform, Republicans and Democrats alike held him in high regard. In the Senate, Jackson advocated for civil service reform and for the creation of the
1122:(another part of Harding's estate) contained his home, which was considered among the finest in the state. Jackson had three children with his second wife. He was a devout Christian, serving as an
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to the Supreme Court; although Harrison declined to appoint Brown that year, he elevated him to fill a subsequent vacancy the next year. Jackson's most noteworthy opinion on the circuit court was
1006:(1894) rejected attempts by corporations to strike down various tax laws. Jackson's opinions also evidence both his support for broad federal power and his skepticism of states' decisions. In
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1016:, ruling over four dissenting votes that Tennessee acted illegally in using its state constitution to renege on a promised tax exemption for a railroad company. In the 1893 case of
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524:. While on the circuit court, he sided with businesses in a major antitrust dispute and supported an expansive view of constitutional freedoms in a civil rights case.
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Scholar Irving Schiffman maintains that Jackson's name would have been "buried in coffin of historical neglect" were it not for his participation in a single case:
572:, in 1840. Howell Jackson enrolled at Western Tennessee College, where he studied Greek and Latin. After graduating in 1850, he pursued post-graduate studies at the
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Many have attempted to determine how Jackson ended up in the minority. The apparent reason is that one justice switched his vote. Newspapers at the time identified
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policies and efforts toward racial equality. After his first wife died in 1873, he returned to the town of Jackson, where he started a law practice with General
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during the Civil War, was married to another of Harding's daughters. When Harding died in 1886, the two Jackson brothers and their wives inherited the
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The Liberty Ships of World War II: A Record of the 2,710 Vessels and Their Builders, Operators and Namesakes, with a History of the Jeremiah O'Brien
540:. Yet Jackson ended up dissenting in the landmark income tax case, likely because of a change in another justice's vote. While Jackson's opinion in
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broke out. He returned to the practice of law after the war, but he also took an interest in politics. After an unsuccessful run for the
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were raised. Howell's role was minimal, and he sold his stake in the horses to his brother in 1890. His thousand acres of property at
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469:. Jackson's unexpected death after only two years of service prevented him from having a substantial impact on American history.
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swore in Jackson on the morning of March 4, just hours before administering the presidential oath to Harrison's successor.
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2291:"The Transformation in Senate Response to Supreme Court Nominations: From Reconstruction to the Taft Administration and Beyond"
1061:, a few months later; his lung ailment started improving, but his health deteriorated substantially when he was afflicted with
785:, whom he was seated next to on the Senate floor. Jackson held a reputation for being a hard-working and committed legislator.
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from the Union in 1861. Although Jackson had opposed secession, he supported the Southern side in the war that followed. Judge
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issues. In 1889, Jackson urged his friend Harrison – who by then had become president – to appoint his judicial colleague
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1526:"In Service to the Confederacy: Howell Edmunds Jackson, West Tennessee's Receiver of Sequestered Property, 1861–1862"
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ended in 1865, Jackson returned to Memphis. Since he had served in the Confederate government, he had to secure a
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and Republican Benjamin Harrison. When Cleveland became president, he appointed Jackson to a seat on the federal
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Justices, Presidents, and Senators: A History of the U.S. Supreme Court Appointments from Washington to Bush II
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The History of the Supreme Court of the United States: With Biographies of All the Chief and Associate Justices
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Group photograph of U.S. Supreme Court Justices, October 1894. Jackson is in the back row, first from the left.
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Shortly after President Harrison – Jackson's former Senate colleague – lost reelection, Supreme Court Justice
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1410:"Howell Edmunds Jackson and the Making Of Tennessee's First Native-Born Supreme Court Justice, 1893 – 1895"
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1040:(1893) to hold the federal government could deport Chinese immigrant laborers without providing them with
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Doctrine: The Sherman Act, Howell Jackson, and the Interpretation of "Interstate Commerce", 1890 — 1941"
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has contended these statements in Jackson's application "simply were not true", characterizing them as
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Jackson took his seat in the Senate on March 4, 1881. He was a member of four committees: the
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1833:"Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Tennessee, Forty-Second General Assembly"
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In other cases, Jackson took a broader view of constitutional provisions. His 1893 ruling in
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Separate: The Story of Plessy v. Ferguson, and America's Journey from Slavery to Segregation
608:. The firm was successful, and it provided Jackson with experience in corporate litigation.
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1684:"Escaping the Shroud of Anonymity: Justice Howell Edmunds Jackson and the Income Tax Case"
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The most urgent task before the legislature during Jackson's tenure was the election of a
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on all revenue over four thousand dollars. According to the plaintiff, the law imposed a
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1898:"Howell E. Jackson, of Madison County, The Dark Horse, Who Wins on the Thirtieth Ballot"
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on February 9, 1881. After a special election, he was succeeded later in the month by
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The Supreme Court of the United States: Its Beginnings & Its Justices, 1790–1991
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Despite being apparently healthy at the time of his nomination, Jackson developed
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Liberty and Union: A Constitutional History of the United States, concise edition
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1085:. His tenure on the Supreme Court had lasted for less than two and a half years.
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initially rejected Jackson's petition, but he granted a second request in 1866.
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Harrison left office in 1893. Not long after assuming office, Jackson developed
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Jackson's dissent eventually won vindication from the court of history: the
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431:(April 8, 1832 – August 8, 1895) was an American attorney, politician, and
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A cigar advertisement, c. 1892, portraying Jackson, then a circuit judge.
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Melville Weston Fuller, Chief Justice of the United States, 1888–1910
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1806:. Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution.
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Democratic Party members of the Tennessee House of Representatives
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Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
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2179:– via William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository.
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in 1880. When the legislature deadlocked over the selection of a
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and was admitted to the bar in 1856. He briefly practiced law in
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2547:"The Eclipse of the Thoroughbred Horse Industry in Tennessee"
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times during his forty-five-minute delivery of the dissent.
825:(1892), the first case in which a federal court applied the
740:, and Madison counties in the previous legislative session.
600:, in 1857. There he established a joint legal practice with
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United States federal judges appointed by Benjamin Harrison
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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
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from 1893 until his death in 1895. His brief tenure on the
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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
56:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
4374:
United States federal judges appointed by Grover Cleveland
1800:
Reilly, Don; Murphy, Norman; Timanus, Chuck, eds. (1992).
1176:
List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
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without apportioning it among the states, in violation of
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2467:"Here Lies the Supreme Court: Gravesites of the Justices"
2086:"Howell Edmunds Jackson: Tennessee Legislator and Jurist"
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created a vacancy for President Cleveland to fill on the
2142:– via The Economic & Business History Society.
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Democratic Party United States senators from Tennessee
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Blaustein, Albert P.; Mersky, Roy M. (November 1972).
2385:
The Chief Justiceship of Melville W. Fuller, 1888–1910
2098:: 104–119 – via Shelby County Register of Deeds.
1198:. Washington, D.C.: Supreme Court of the United States
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Tennessee senators as seen by one of their successors
1022:, meanwhile, he exhibited support for the concept of
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revised the Constitution to authorize an income tax.
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United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
1883:: 81–94 – via Shelby County Register of Deeds.
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United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
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4379:Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
2791:United States Circuit Courts for the Sixth Circuit
1839:: Tavel & Howell. 1881. pp. 4, 50–52, 485
166:United States Circuit Courts for the Sixth Circuit
4278:Also served as Chief Justice of the United States
2001:Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary
1583:History of the Supreme Court of the United States
1012:(1894), he favored a broad interpretation of the
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1385:. Vol. 2. Philadelphia, PA: P. W. Ziegler.
1034:. Finally, he joined a five-justice majority in
931:involved a challenge to a provision of the 1894
871:On January 23, 1893, Supreme Court Justice
588:, and with attorney and former U.S. Congressman
2597:
1247:Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies
2332:
1030:was an unconstitutional infringement upon the
875:died. At this point, President Harrison was a
680:
3288:
2872:
1188:
777:forged. Jackson became a friend of President
488:, in 1857. Although he had initially opposed
4394:Burials at Mount Olivet Cemetery (Nashville)
2155:"Liberty and Antitrust in the Formative Era"
476:, in 1832, Jackson earned a law degree from
2464:
866:
732:, who represented the district composed of
284:January 3, 1881 – February 9, 1881
4344:Judges of the United States circuit courts
3295:
3281:
2879:
2865:
2471:Yearbook: Supreme Court Historical Society
1341:"The Early Legal Career of Howell Jackson"
801:The 1886 death of Tennessee federal judge
42:
27:US Supreme Court justice from 1893 to 1895
2333:McManus, Edgar J.; Helfman, Tara (2014).
2192:
2123:Essays in Economic & Business History
1681:
628:in 1862, Jackson fled with his family to
619:appointed Jackson to enforce Confederate
2650:
2288:
2111:
2091:West Tennessee Historical Society Papers
2083:
1876:West Tennessee Historical Society Papers
1868:
1759:
1524:Hudspeth, Harvey Gresham (Winter 2003).
1523:
1408:Hudspeth, Harvey Gresham (Summer 1999).
1407:
1098:, the following year. Jackson's brother
925:Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
917:Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
902:
898:
792:
547:
446:Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
2240:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
1721:
1365:– via Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law.
1335:
1243:
768:. He supported further restrictions on
237:March 4, 1881 – April 14, 1886
178:April 12, 1886 – March 4, 1893
68:March 4, 1893 – August 8, 1895
14:
4306:
3626:
2540:
2538:
2499:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2406:from the original on November 30, 2018
2374:
2372:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2188:
2186:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1769:. Kingsport, TN: Southern Publishers.
1375:
1128:First Presbyterian Church of Nashville
840:(1895), and it continued to influence
443:is most remembered for his opinion in
123:June 16, 1891 – March 4, 1893
4399:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
3625:
3315:
3276:
2888:United States senators from Tennessee
2860:
2750:U.S. senator (Class 1) from Tennessee
2675:from the original on October 14, 2021
2544:
2523:from the original on November 8, 2021
2446:from the original on January 24, 2021
2265:from the original on January 20, 2021
2152:
2107:
2105:
1892:
1890:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1755:
1753:
1717:
1715:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1576:
1473:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
703:substantial impact in that position.
2431:
1997:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1047:
719:On the thirtieth ballot, Republican
2832:Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar II
2651:Williams, Greg H. (July 25, 2014).
2535:
2418:
2378:
2369:
2357:from the original on April 26, 2021
2319:
2277:
2229:
2183:
2034:
2022:from the original on April 26, 2021
1982:
1738:from the original on April 27, 2021
1558:from the original on April 26, 2021
1442:from the original on April 26, 2021
1357:from the original on April 23, 2021
1268:from the original on April 26, 2021
1009:Mobile & Ohio R.R. v. Tennessee
1003:Columbus Southern Railway v. Wright
24:
4286:
3606:
3316:
3305:Supreme Court of the United States
2712:Tennessee House of Representatives
2695:Tennessee House of Representatives
2390:University of South Carolina Press
2307:from the original on June 16, 2021
2289:Friedman, Richard D. (Fall 1983).
2217:from the original on June 16, 2021
2102:
1887:
1855:
1810:from the original on June 16, 2021
1781:from the original on June 16, 2021
1750:
1712:
1590:from the original on June 16, 2021
1492:from the original on June 16, 2021
1476:"Two United States Circuit Judges"
1389:from the original on June 16, 2021
696:Tennessee House of Representatives
506:Tennessee House of Representatives
504:, he was elected to a seat in the
268:Tennessee House of Representatives
25:
4415:
4329:19th-century American politicians
2632:from the original on May 19, 2021
2579:from the original on May 17, 2021
2481:from the original on May 10, 2021
2171:from the original on June 2, 2021
2134:from the original on June 3, 2021
2112:Hudspeth, Harvey Gresham (2002).
1869:Hudspeth, Harvey Gresham (1998).
1728:Journal of Southern Legal History
1700:from the original on May 18, 2021
1682:Schiffman, Irving (Winter 1970).
1602:
1504:
1454:
1280:
1210:
1068:United States v. E. C. Knight Co.
837:United States v. E. C. Knight Co.
4404:Tuberculosis deaths in Tennessee
3060:
2811:Seat established by 26 Stat. 826
2605:American Bar Association Journal
2508:Pelican Publishing Company, Inc.
1970:from the original on May 3, 2021
1908:from the original on May 2, 2021
1088:
891:Harrison's move." Chief Justice
788:
743:
560:, Alexander later served in the
414:
146:Seat established by 26 Stat. 826
4334:Cumberland School of Law alumni
2644:
2600:"Rating Supreme Court Justices"
2591:
2503:Civil War Generals of Tennessee
2493:
2465:Christensen, George A. (1983).
2458:
2146:
1950:
1920:
1904:. January 27, 1881. p. 1.
1793:
945:a provision of the Constitution
935:that had imposed a two percent
879:: Grover Cleveland had won the
855:expansively. The defendants in
675:Southwestern Baptist University
2552:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
2241:Abraham, Henry Julian (2008).
1934:. February 11, 1881. p. 2
1570:
1531:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
1415:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
1401:
1369:
1037:Fong Yue Ting v. United States
988:
766:Interstate Commerce Commission
568:. The Jackson family moved to
13:
1:
4384:University of Virginia alumni
1966:. August 9, 1895. p. 1.
1181:
4389:People from Paris, Tennessee
4324:19th-century American judges
2160:Boston University Law Review
1474:Green, John W. (June 1944).
1244:Cushman, Clare, ed. (2013).
981:passed eighteen years after
690:, running against incumbent
576:for two years. Jackson then
492:, he took a position in the
7:
2084:Hardaway, Roger D. (1976).
1978:– via Newspapers.com.
1916:– via Newspapers.com.
1902:The Daily Memphis Avalanche
1586:. Chicago, IL: C. H. Kerr.
1169:
681:Service in state government
10:
4420:
2201:W. W. Norton & Company
2114:"The Rise and Fall of the
1196:"Justices 1789 to Present"
881:1892 presidential election
465:and an inclination toward
4284:
3634:
3621:
3604:
3324:
3311:
3069:
3058:
2894:
2845:
2836:
2828:
2814:
2808:
2798:
2786:
2778:
2773:
2763:
2747:
2739:
2732:
2722:
2708:
2700:
2693:
2432:King, Willard L. (1950).
2193:Luxenberg, Steve (2019).
1998:Hall, Timothy L. (2001).
1761:McKellar, Kenneth Douglas
1722:Newkirk, Zachary (2014).
1141:
570:Madison County, Tennessee
422:
410:
380:
370:
360:
343:
319:
314:
310:
298:
288:
277:
265:
253:
241:
230:
218:
206:
194:
182:
171:
163:
151:
139:
127:
116:
108:
96:
84:
72:
61:
54:
50:
41:
34:
2767:Washington C. Whitthorne
2249:Rowman & Littlefield
1958:"Howell E. Jackson Dead"
1928:"Hon. Howell E. Jackson"
1377:Carson, Hampton Lawrence
1166:was named in his honor.
933:Wilson–Gorman Tariff Act
867:Supreme Court nomination
853:Civil Rights Act of 1870
849:United States v. Patrick
844:law for half a century.
604:, who later served as a
496:civil service after the
399:Cumberland School of Law
260:Washington C. Whitthorne
4364:Union University alumni
2659:McFarland & Company
2489:– via HeinOnline.
2315:– via HeinOnline.
2153:Meese, Alan J. (1999).
1775:2027/mdp.39015070205680
1746:– via HeinOnline.
1708:– via HeinOnline.
1500:– via HeinOnline.
1130:. His hobbies included
1108:Confederate States Army
1024:substantive due process
688:Tennessee Supreme Court
606:Confederate congressman
586:Tennessee Supreme Court
502:Tennessee Supreme Court
4291:
3611:
2545:Wills, Ridley (1987).
2500:Bishop, Randy (2013).
1112:Belle Meade Plantation
908:
798:
574:University of Virginia
429:Howell Edmunds Jackson
389:West Tennessee College
385:University of Virginia
324:Howell Edmunds Jackson
18:Howell Edmunds Jackson
4290:
3610:
3458:Edward Douglass White
1346:Vanderbilt Law Review
1250:. Thousand Oaks, CA:
1100:William Hicks Jackson
1083:Mount Olivet Cemetery
1019:Brass v. North Dakota
957:Edward Douglass White
906:
899:Supreme Court service
827:Sherman Antitrust Act
796:
772:and argued for lower
671:Alexander W. Campbell
594:Cumberland Law School
562:Tennessee legislature
548:Early life and career
478:Cumberland Law School
457:appointed Jackson, a
365:Mount Olivet Cemetery
220:United States Senator
3490:Charles Evans Hughes
2802:Horace Harmon Lurton
2008:. pp. 214–217.
1689:Tennessee Law Review
1481:Tennessee Law Review
1254:. pp. 239–243.
1059:Thomasville, Georgia
953:John Marshall Harlan
819:Henry Billings Brown
710:. Incumbent Senator
552:Jackson was born in
354:Nashville, Tennessee
213:Horace Harmon Lurton
158:Horace Harmon Lurton
3474:William Howard Taft
1116:thoroughbred horses
1032:freedom of contract
979:Sixteenth Amendment
937:personal income tax
842:interstate commerce
770:Chinese immigration
638:presidential pardon
584:, a justice of the
4292:
3628:Associate justices
3612:
2756:Served alongside:
2640:– via JSTOR.
2587:– via JSTOR.
2296:Cardozo Law Review
1963:The New York Times
1566:– via JSTOR.
1450:– via JSTOR.
909:
873:Lucius Q. C. Lamar
799:
667:Reconstruction-era
626:recaptured Memphis
598:Memphis, Tennessee
592:. He next entered
566:Jackson, Tennessee
529:Lucius Q. C. Lamar
486:Memphis, Tennessee
467:judicial restraint
91:Lucius Q. C. Lamar
4359:Tennessee lawyers
4301:
4300:
4297:
4296:
3617:
3616:
3570:William Rehnquist
3270:
3269:
2855:
2854:
2846:Succeeded by
2799:Succeeded by
2764:Succeeded by
2754:1881–1886
2723:Succeeded by
2612:(11): 1183–1189.
2516:978-1-4556-1811-8
2399:978-1-57003-018-5
2350:978-1-136-75716-7
2258:978-0-7425-5895-3
2210:978-0-393-65115-7
2015:978-0-8160-4194-7
1261:978-1-60871-832-0
1163:Howell E. Jackson
1104:brigadier general
1102:, who had been a
1048:Illness and death
783:Benjamin Harrison
692:Thomas J. Freeman
665:, he was against
630:LaGrange, Georgia
621:sequestration law
617:West H. Humphreys
484:before moving to
455:Benjamin Harrison
435:who served as an
426:
425:
79:Benjamin Harrison
36:Howell E. Jackson
16:(Redirected from
4411:
4280:
4180:
4034:
3972:
3928:
3644:
3623:
3622:
3554:Warren E. Burger
3362:Oliver Ellsworth
3313:
3312:
3303:Justices of the
3297:
3290:
3283:
3274:
3273:
3064:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2849:Rufus W. Peckham
2829:Preceded by
2821:
2809:Preceded by
2793:
2779:Preceded by
2740:Preceded by
2726:Hugh C. Anderson
2701:Preceded by
2691:
2690:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2542:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2438:. New York, NY:
2429:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2388:. Columbia, SC:
2376:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2339:. New York, NY:
2330:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2286:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2238:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2199:. New York, NY:
2190:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2081:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2004:. New York, NY:
1995:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1894:
1885:
1884:
1866:
1853:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1719:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1679:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1521:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1471:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1339:(January 1977).
1333:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1241:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1192:
851:interpreted the
829:. The ruling in
779:Grover Cleveland
730:Hugh C. Anderson
659:Democratic Party
564:and as mayor of
554:Paris, Tennessee
514:Grover Cleveland
474:Paris, Tennessee
418:
406:
350:
337:Paris, Tennessee
333:
331:
315:Personal details
305:Hugh C. Anderson
301:
291:
282:
256:
244:
235:
209:
197:
189:Grover Cleveland
185:
176:
154:
142:
134:operation of law
130:
121:
103:Rufus W. Peckham
99:
87:
75:
66:
46:
32:
31:
21:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4293:
4282:
4281:
4275:
4273:
4175:
4116:J. M. Harlan II
4029:
3967:
3923:
3639:
3630:
3613:
3602:
3601:
3506:Harlan F. Stone
3442:Melville Fuller
3410:Salmon P. Chase
3320:
3307:
3301:
3271:
3266:
3065:
3056:
2890:
2885:
2851:
2842:
2834:
2823:
2816:
2812:
2804:
2795:
2788:
2784:
2769:
2759:Isham G. Harris
2755:
2753:
2745:
2743:James E. Bailey
2728:
2719:
2706:
2689:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2669:
2649:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2596:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2543:
2536:
2526:
2524:
2517:
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2463:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2430:
2419:
2409:
2407:
2400:
2377:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2351:
2331:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2287:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2259:
2239:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2211:
2191:
2184:
2174:
2172:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2135:
2110:
2103:
2082:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2016:
1996:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1937:
1935:
1932:Tribune and Sun
1926:
1925:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1867:
1856:
1842:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1813:
1811:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1758:
1751:
1741:
1739:
1720:
1713:
1703:
1701:
1680:
1603:
1593:
1591:
1578:Myers, Gustavus
1575:
1571:
1561:
1559:
1522:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1472:
1455:
1445:
1443:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1374:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1334:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1262:
1242:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1184:
1172:
1144:
1091:
1050:
1028:grain elevators
1014:Contract Clause
991:
920:
901:
893:Melville Fuller
869:
791:
746:
712:James E. Bailey
700:Henry B. Ramsey
683:
602:David M. Currin
582:A. W. O. Totten
550:
397:
396:
387:
371:Political party
352:
348:
335:
329:
327:
326:
325:
299:
289:
283:
278:
254:
248:James E. Bailey
242:
236:
231:
222:
207:
195:
183:
177:
172:
152:
140:
128:
122:
117:
97:
85:
73:
67:
62:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4417:
4407:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4285:
4283:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4270:(2022–present)
4265:
4264:(2020–present)
4259:
4258:(2018–present)
4253:
4252:(2017–present)
4247:
4246:(2010–present)
4241:
4240:(2009–present)
4235:
4234:(2006–present)
4229:
4223:
4217:
4216:(1991–present)
4211:
4205:
4199:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4173:
4167:
4161:
4155:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4131:
4125:
4119:
4113:
4107:
4101:
4095:
4089:
4083:
4077:
4071:
4065:
4059:
4053:
4047:
4041:
4035:
4027:
4021:
4015:
4009:
4003:
3997:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3973:
3965:
3959:
3953:
3947:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3813:
3807:
3801:
3795:
3789:
3783:
3777:
3771:
3765:
3759:
3753:
3747:
3741:
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3681:
3675:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3619:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3583:
3567:
3551:
3535:
3522:Fred M. Vinson
3519:
3503:
3487:
3471:
3455:
3439:
3426:Morrison Waite
3423:
3407:
3394:Roger B. Taney
3391:
3375:
3359:
3343:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3318:Chief justices
3309:
3308:
3300:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3277:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2861:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2844:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2797:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2774:Legal offices
2771:
2770:
2765:
2762:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2721:
2716:Madison County
2710:Member of the
2707:
2704:Benjamin Tyson
2702:
2698:
2697:
2687:
2686:
2668:978-1476617541
2667:
2643:
2590:
2559:(3): 157–171.
2534:
2515:
2506:. Gretna, LA:
2492:
2457:
2417:
2398:
2368:
2349:
2318:
2276:
2257:
2247:. Lanham, MD:
2228:
2209:
2182:
2145:
2101:
2033:
2014:
1981:
1949:
1944:Newspapers.com
1919:
1886:
1854:
1821:
1792:
1749:
1711:
1696:(2): 334–348.
1601:
1569:
1538:(4): 354–365.
1503:
1488:(4): 311–322.
1453:
1422:(2): 140–155.
1400:
1368:
1337:Calvani, Terry
1279:
1260:
1209:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1171:
1168:
1143:
1140:
1090:
1087:
1049:
1046:
997:Schurz v. Cook
990:
987:
919:
914:
900:
897:
887:New York Times
868:
865:
790:
787:
745:
742:
716:Horace Maynard
686:a seat on the
682:
679:
651:Andrew Johnson
549:
546:
463:states' rights
424:
423:
420:
419:
412:
408:
407:
382:
378:
377:
372:
368:
367:
362:
358:
357:
351:(aged 63)
347:August 8, 1895
345:
341:
340:
323:
321:
317:
316:
312:
311:
308:
307:
302:
296:
295:
294:Benjamin Tyson
292:
286:
285:
275:
274:
272:Madison County
266:Member of the
263:
262:
257:
251:
250:
245:
239:
238:
228:
227:
216:
215:
210:
204:
203:
198:
192:
191:
186:
180:
179:
169:
168:
161:
160:
155:
149:
148:
143:
137:
136:
131:
125:
124:
114:
113:
106:
105:
100:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
76:
70:
69:
59:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4416:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4289:
4279:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:* (1972–1986)
4178:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:* (1925–1941)
4032:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:* (1910–1916)
3970:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3927:* (1894–1910)
3926:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
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3841:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
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3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3754:
3751:
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3730:
3727:
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3721:
3718:
3715:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:* (1790–1791)
3642:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3620:
3609:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3559:
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3549:
3548:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3379:
3378:John Marshall
3376:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3347:
3346:John Rutledge
3344:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3286:
3284:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2877:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2833:
2827:
2822:
2820:
2817:Judge of the
2807:
2803:
2794:
2792:
2789:Judge of the
2783:
2777:
2772:
2768:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2751:
2744:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2647:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2594:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2541:
2539:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2496:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2461:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2380:Ely, James W.
2375:
2373:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2264:
2260:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2216:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2189:
2187:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2149:
2133:
2130:(1): 97–112.
2129:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2117:
2108:
2106:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2007:
2006:Facts on File
2003:
2002:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1945:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1850:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1796:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1716:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
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1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1573:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1197:
1191:
1187:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1139:
1137:
1134:and watching
1133:
1132:hunting foxes
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:W. G. Harding
1089:Personal life
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1045:
1044:protections.
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1004:
999:
998:
986:
984:
980:
975:
971:
966:
965:George Shiras
961:
958:
954:
948:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
927:
926:
918:
913:
905:
896:
894:
889:
888:
882:
878:
874:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
845:
843:
839:
838:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
811:Sixth Circuit
808:
807:circuit court
804:
795:
789:Circuit judge
786:
784:
780:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
744:Senate tenure
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:Alvin Hawkins
722:
717:
713:
709:
704:
701:
697:
693:
689:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
654:
652:
648:
644:
643:Terry Calvani
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
545:
543:
539:
535:
530:
525:
523:
522:Sixth Circuit
519:
518:circuit court
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
447:
442:
441:Supreme Court
438:
434:
430:
421:
417:
413:
409:
404:
400:
394:
390:
386:
383:
379:
376:
373:
369:
366:
363:
361:Resting place
359:
355:
346:
342:
338:
334:April 8, 1832
322:
318:
313:
309:
306:
303:
297:
293:
287:
281:
276:
273:
269:
264:
261:
258:
252:
249:
246:
240:
234:
229:
226:
221:
217:
214:
211:
205:
202:
199:
193:
190:
187:
181:
175:
170:
167:
164:Judge of the
162:
159:
156:
150:
147:
144:
138:
135:
132:
126:
120:
115:
112:
109:Judge of the
107:
104:
101:
95:
92:
89:
83:
80:
77:
71:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
4277:
3976:Van Devanter
3917:
3864:J. M. Harlan
3593:
3590:2005–present
3586:John Roberts
3577:
3561:
3545:
3529:
3513:
3497:
3481:
3465:
3449:
3433:
3417:
3401:
3385:
3369:
3353:
3337:
2996:
2837:
2815:
2787:
2757:
2748:
2709:
2677:. Retrieved
2653:
2646:
2634:. Retrieved
2609:
2603:
2593:
2581:. Retrieved
2556:
2550:
2525:. Retrieved
2502:
2495:
2483:. Retrieved
2474:
2470:
2460:
2448:. Retrieved
2434:
2408:. Retrieved
2384:
2359:. Retrieved
2335:
2309:. Retrieved
2300:
2294:
2267:. Retrieved
2243:
2219:. Retrieved
2195:
2173:. Retrieved
2164:
2158:
2148:
2136:. Retrieved
2127:
2121:
2115:
2095:
2089:
2024:. Retrieved
2000:
1972:. Retrieved
1961:
1952:
1942:– via
1936:. Retrieved
1931:
1922:
1910:. Retrieved
1901:
1880:
1874:
1847:– via
1841:. Retrieved
1812:. Retrieved
1802:
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1765:
1740:. Retrieved
1731:
1727:
1702:. Retrieved
1693:
1687:
1592:. Retrieved
1582:
1572:
1560:. Retrieved
1535:
1529:
1494:. Retrieved
1485:
1479:
1444:. Retrieved
1419:
1413:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1381:
1371:
1359:. Retrieved
1353:(1): 39–72.
1350:
1344:
1270:. Retrieved
1246:
1202:February 15,
1200:. Retrieved
1190:
1162:
1158:Liberty ship
1152:
1148:
1145:
1092:
1078:
1072:
1066:
1054:tuberculosis
1051:
1035:
1017:
1007:
1001:
995:
992:
982:
974:David Brewer
962:
949:
928:
923:
921:
916:
910:
885:
870:
856:
848:
846:
835:
830:
823:In re Greene
822:
800:
747:
721:R. R. Butler
708:U.S. Senator
705:
684:
655:
649:. President
610:
590:Milton Brown
551:
541:
537:
534:tuberculosis
526:
510:U.S. Senator
471:
444:
428:
427:
349:(1895-08-08)
300:Succeeded by
279:
255:Succeeded by
232:
208:Succeeded by
184:Nominated by
173:
153:Succeeded by
145:
129:Nominated by
118:
98:Succeeded by
74:Nominated by
63:
29:
4319:1895 deaths
4314:1832 births
4228:(1994–2022)
4222:(1993–2020)
4210:(1990–2009)
4204:(1988–2018)
4198:(1986–2016)
4192:(1981–2006)
4186:(1975–2010)
4172:(1972–1987)
4166:(1970–1994)
4160:(1967–1991)
4158:T. Marshall
4154:(1965–1969)
4148:(1962–1965)
4142:(1962–1993)
4136:(1958–1981)
4130:(1957–1962)
4124:(1956–1990)
4118:(1955–1971)
4112:(1949–1956)
4106:(1949–1967)
4100:(1945–1958)
4094:(1943–1949)
4092:W. Rutledge
4088:(1941–1954)
4082:(1941–1942)
4076:(1940–1949)
4070:(1939–1975)
4064:(1939–1962)
4062:Frankfurter
4058:(1938–1957)
4052:(1937–1971)
4046:(1932–1938)
4040:(1930–1945)
4026:(1923–1930)
4020:(1923–1939)
4014:(1922–1938)
4008:(1916–1922)
4002:(1916–1939)
3996:(1914–1941)
3990:(1912–1922)
3984:(1911–1916)
3978:(1911–1937)
3964:(1910–1914)
3958:(1906–1910)
3952:(1903–1922)
3946:(1902–1932)
3940:(1898–1925)
3934:(1896–1909)
3920:(1893–1895)
3914:(1892–1903)
3908:(1891–1906)
3902:(1890–1910)
3896:(1888–1893)
3890:(1882–1893)
3884:(1882–1902)
3878:(1881–1889)
3872:(1881–1887)
3866:(1877–1911)
3860:(1873–1882)
3854:(1870–1892)
3848:(1870–1880)
3842:(1863–1897)
3836:(1862–1877)
3830:(1862–1890)
3824:(1862–1881)
3818:(1858–1881)
3812:(1853–1861)
3806:(1851–1857)
3800:(1846–1870)
3794:(1845–1851)
3788:(1845–1872)
3782:(1842–1860)
3776:(1838–1852)
3770:(1837–1865)
3764:(1836–1841)
3758:(1835–1867)
3752:(1830–1844)
3746:(1829–1861)
3740:(1826–1828)
3734:(1823–1843)
3728:(1812–1845)
3722:(1811–1835)
3716:(1807–1826)
3710:(1807–1823)
3704:(1804–1834)
3698:(1800–1804)
3692:(1798–1829)
3686:(1796–1811)
3680:(1793–1806)
3674:(1792–1793)
3668:(1790–1799)
3662:(1790–1795)
3656:(1789–1798)
3650:(1790–1810)
3641:J. Rutledge
3538:Earl Warren
3127:A. Anderson
3082:J. Anderson
2917:J. Anderson
2782:John Baxter
2734:U.S. Senate
2679:December 9,
2303:(1): 1–95.
2167:(1): 1–92.
1734:: 187–231.
1136:horse races
1042:due process
1000:(1893) and
989:Other cases
970:Horace Gray
803:John Baxter
750:Post Office
657:toward the
494:Confederate
290:Preceded by
243:Preceded by
201:John Baxter
196:Preceded by
141:Preceded by
86:Preceded by
4308:Categories
4268:K. Jackson
4086:R. Jackson
4038:O. Roberts
4012:Sutherland
3994:McReynolds
3918:H. Jackson
3888:Blatchford
3708:Livingston
3702:W. Johnson
3690:Washington
3672:T. Johnson
3117:A. Jackson
3002:Whitthorne
2997:H. Jackson
2907:A. Jackson
2843:1893–1895
2824:1891–1893
2796:1886–1893
1849:HathiTrust
1182:References
1120:West Meade
1074:In re Debs
941:direct tax
611:Tennessee
453:President
451:Republican
375:Democratic
330:1832-04-08
4256:Kavanaugh
4238:Sotomayor
4177:Rehnquist
4128:Whittaker
3574:1986–2005
3558:1969–1986
3542:1953–1969
3526:1946–1953
3510:1941–1946
3494:1930–1941
3478:1921–1930
3462:1910–1921
3446:1888–1910
3430:1874–1888
3414:1864–1873
3398:1836–1864
3382:1801–1835
3366:1796–1800
3334:1789–1795
3257:Alexander
3142:Nicholson
3097:Whiteside
3052:Blackburn
3032:Brock III
2972:Patterson
2947:Nicholson
2618:0002-7596
2565:0040-3261
2477:: 17–30.
2440:Macmillan
2341:Routledge
2269:March 16,
2026:March 28,
1938:April 21,
1843:April 21,
1837:Nashville
1814:April 28,
1785:April 28,
1594:April 28,
1562:April 26,
1544:0040-3261
1446:April 26,
1428:0040-3261
1393:April 24,
1361:April 23,
1272:April 23,
877:lame duck
762:Judiciary
634:Civil War
498:Civil War
490:secession
411:Signature
381:Education
280:In office
233:In office
225:Tennessee
174:In office
119:In office
64:In office
4220:Ginsburg
4190:O'Connor
4164:Blackmun
4146:Goldberg
4140:B. White
4000:Brandeis
3982:J. Lamar
3925:E. White
3894:L. Lamar
3876:Matthews
3816:Clifford
3810:Campbell
3792:Woodbury
3774:McKinley
3732:Thompson
3684:S. Chase
3678:Paterson
3330:John Jay
3252:Thompson
3242:Gore Jr.
3222:Kefauver
3132:Jarnagin
3112:Williams
3102:Campbell
3027:Gore Sr.
3022:McKellar
2977:Brownlow
2922:Campbell
2673:Archived
2630:Archived
2626:25726069
2577:Archived
2573:42626682
2521:Archived
2485:June 16,
2479:Archived
2450:March 3,
2444:Archived
2410:March 3,
2404:Archived
2382:(1995).
2361:April 8,
2355:Archived
2311:June 16,
2305:Archived
2263:Archived
2215:Archived
2169:Archived
2132:Archived
2020:Archived
1968:Archived
1906:Archived
1808:Archived
1779:Archived
1763:(1942).
1742:June 16,
1736:Archived
1704:June 16,
1698:Archived
1588:Archived
1580:(1912).
1556:Archived
1552:42627794
1496:June 16,
1490:Archived
1440:Archived
1436:42628467
1387:Archived
1379:(1904).
1355:Archived
1266:Archived
1252:CQ Press
1170:See also
1161:SS
1114:, where
809:for the
754:Pensions
738:Hardeman
663:Redeemer
578:read law
520:for the
472:Born in
459:Democrat
4262:Barrett
4250:Gorsuch
4202:Kennedy
4184:Stevens
4134:Stewart
4122:Brennan
4068:Douglas
4044:Cardozo
4024:Sanford
3938:McKenna
3932:Peckham
3852:Bradley
3762:Barbour
3750:Baldwin
3738:Trimble
3666:Iredell
3648:Cushing
3262:Hagerty
3247:Mathews
3227:Walters
3217:Stewart
3207:Bachman
3197:Brock I
3187:Shields
3177:Sanders
3167:Carmack
3107:Wharton
3070:Class 2
3012:Frazier
2982:Johnson
2967:Johnson
2895:Class 1
2636:May 19,
2583:May 17,
2527:May 17,
1153:Pollock
1149:Pollock
1126:of the
1106:in the
1079:Pollock
983:Pollock
929:Pollock
857:Patrick
774:tariffs
734:Haywood
647:perjury
613:seceded
542:Pollock
538:Pollock
482:Jackson
4226:Breyer
4214:Thomas
4208:Souter
4196:Scalia
4170:Powell
4152:Fortas
4110:Minton
4098:Burton
4080:Byrnes
4074:Murphy
4018:Butler
4006:Clarke
3988:Pitney
3969:Hughes
3962:Lurton
3944:Holmes
3912:Shiras
3900:Brewer
3846:Strong
3828:Miller
3822:Swayne
3804:Curtis
3786:Nelson
3780:Daniel
3768:Catron
3744:McLean
3720:Duvall
3654:Wilson
3172:Taylor
3162:Turley
3157:Harris
3152:Cooper
3147:Fowler
3077:Blount
3047:Corker
3037:Sasser
2992:Bailey
2957:Turney
2952:Foster
2942:Grundy
2937:Foster
2932:Grundy
2665:
2624:
2616:
2571:
2563:
2513:
2396:
2347:
2255:
2221:May 9,
2207:
2175:May 4,
2138:May 4,
2116:Greene
2012:
1974:May 3,
1912:May 1,
1550:
1542:
1434:
1426:
1258:
1142:Legacy
1063:dropsy
831:Greene
815:patent
760:, and
758:Claims
433:jurist
4244:Kagan
4232:Alito
4104:Clark
4050:Black
4031:Stone
3956:Moody
3906:Brown
3870:Woods
3840:Field
3834:Davis
3798:Grier
3756:Wayne
3726:Story
3696:Moore
3660:Blair
3595:cases
3579:cases
3563:cases
3547:cases
3531:cases
3515:cases
3499:cases
3483:cases
3467:cases
3451:cases
3435:cases
3419:cases
3403:cases
3387:cases
3371:cases
3355:cases
3339:cases
3237:Baker
3212:Berry
3192:Tyson
3122:White
3092:Smith
3087:Cocke
3042:Frist
2962:Jones
2927:Eaton
2912:Smith
2902:Cocke
2720:1881
2714:from
2622:JSTOR
2569:JSTOR
1548:JSTOR
1432:JSTOR
1124:elder
861:still
580:with
270:from
223:from
4056:Reed
3882:Gray
3858:Hunt
3714:Todd
3350:1795
3232:Bass
3202:Hull
3182:Webb
3137:Bell
3007:Bate
2681:2017
2663:ISBN
2638:2021
2614:ISSN
2585:2021
2561:ISSN
2529:2021
2511:ISBN
2487:2021
2475:1983
2452:2021
2412:2021
2394:ISBN
2363:2021
2345:ISBN
2313:2021
2271:2021
2253:ISBN
2223:2021
2205:ISBN
2177:2021
2140:2021
2028:2021
2010:ISBN
1976:2021
1940:2023
1914:2021
1845:2023
1816:2021
1787:2021
1744:2021
1706:2021
1596:2021
1564:2021
1540:ISSN
1498:2021
1448:2021
1424:ISSN
1395:2021
1363:2021
1274:2021
1256:ISBN
1204:2022
1071:and
955:and
661:. A
558:Whig
356:, US
344:Died
339:, US
320:Born
3950:Day
3017:Lea
2987:Key
1771:hdl
972:or
403:LLB
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3592:,
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