747:", a newly designed hollow-point handgun bullet which used a specially designed, reverse tapered jacket. The jacket was cut at the hollow to intentionally weaken it, and these cuts allowed the jacket to open into six petals upon impact. The thick jacket material kept the tips of the jacket from bending as easily as a normal thickness jacket. The slits that weakened the jacket left triangular shapes in the tip of the jacket, and these triangular sections of jacket would end up pointing out after expansion, leading to the "Talon" name. The bullets were coated with a black colored, paint-like lubricant called "Lubalox", and loaded into nickel-plated brass cases, which made them visually stand out from other ammunition. While performance of the Black Talon rounds was not significantly improved over other comparable high-performance hollow-point ammunition, the reverse taper jacket did provide reliable expansion under a wide range of conditions, and many police departments adopted the round.
327:), they steadily gained ground among hunters due to the ability to control the expansion of the new high velocity cartridges. In modern ammunition, the use of hollow points is primarily limited to handgun ammunition, which tends to operate at much lower velocities than rifle ammunition (on the order of 1,000 feet per second (300 m/s) versus over 2,000 feet per second). At rifle velocities, a hollow point is not needed for reliable expansion and most rifle ammunition makes use of tapered jacket designs to achieve the mushrooming effect. At the lower handgun velocities, hollow point designs are generally the only design that will reliably expand.
497:, or some other medium intended to simulate tissue and cause a hollow point bullet to expand. Test results are generally given in terms of expanded diameter, penetration depth, and weight retention. Expanded diameter is an indication of the size of the wound cavity, penetration depth shows if vital organs could be reached by the bullet, and weight retention indicates how much of the bullet mass fragmented and separated from the main body of the bullet. How these factors are interpreted depends on the intended use of the bullet, and there are no universally agreed-upon ideal metrics.
732:
702:, except for ammunition possessed at one's own dwellings, premises, or other lands owned or possessed, or for, while and traveling to and from hunting with a hunting license if otherwise legal for the particular game. The law also requires all hollow point ammunition to be transported directly from the place of purchase to one's home or premises, or hunting area, or by members of a rifle or pistol club directly to a place of target practice, or directly to an authorized target range from the place of purchase or one's home or premises.
161:
85:
479:
97:
112:
43:
371:
135:
150:
575:, hollow point and ballistic-tipped ammunition for range use and vermin control. A firearms certificate will only be issued to any individual who can provide good reason to the police for the possession of firearms and their ammunition. Until recently all expanding ammunition fell under section 5 of the
456:
Due to their design, hollow point bullets tend to be more accurate than other types of ammunition, as they are less affected by wind resistance and other factors that can affect trajectory. For bullets designed for target shooting, some such as the Sierra "Matchking" incorporate a cavity in the nose,
673:
in warfare, but the United States ratified the second (1907) Hague
Convention IV-23, which says "To employ arms, projectiles, or material calculated to cause unnecessary suffering", similar to IV-3 of the first Convention. For years the United States military respected this Convention and refrained
765:
Winchester responded to the media criticism of the Black Talon line by removing it from the commercial market and only selling it to law enforcement distributors. Winchester has since discontinued the sale of the Black Talon entirely, although
Winchester does manufacture nearly identical ammunition
465:
and higher drag. The result is a slightly decreased overall accuracy between bullet trajectory and barrel direction, as well as an increased susceptibility to wind drift, but closer grouping of subsequent shots due to bullet consistency, often increasing the shooter's perceived accuracy.
249:
Solid lead bullets, when cast from a soft alloy, will often deform and provide some expansion if they hit the target at a high velocity. This, combined with the limited velocity and penetration attainable with muzzleloading firearms, meant there was little need for extra expansion.
360:
Plastic inserts in the hollow to provide the same profile for feeding in semiautomatic and automatic weapons as a full-metal-jacketed round but that separate on firing while in flight or in the barrel (such as the German Geco "Action Safety" 9 mm
407:
The greater frontal surface area of the expanded bullet limits its depth of penetration into the target and causes more extensive tissue damage along the wound path. Many hollow-point bullets, especially those intended for use at high velocity in
758:, media response against Winchester was swift. "This bullet kills you better", says one report; "its six razorlike claws unfold on impact, expanding to nearly three times the bullet's diameter". A concern was raised by the president of the
257:
and were hollowed out to reduce the bullet's mass and provide higher velocities. In addition to providing increased velocities, the hollow also turned out to provide significant expansion, especially when the bullets were cast in a soft
469:
The manufacturing process of hollow-point bullets also produces a flat, uniformly shaped base on the bullet which allegedly increases accuracy by providing a more consistent piston surface for the expanding gases of the cartridge.
346:
Posts in the hollow cavity to cause hydraulic expansion of the bullet in tissue. While very effective in lightly clothed targets, these bullet types tend to plug up with heavy clothing materials that results in the bullet not
678:
that were issued to the OSS agents and the Savage Model 24 .22/.410 combination guns issued in the E series of air crew survival kits. After announcing consideration of using hollow point ammunition for
377:
before and after expanding. The long base and small expanded diameter show that this is a bullet designed for deep penetration on large game. The bullet in the photo traveled more than halfway through a
762:(ACEP) that the sharp edges of the jacket could cut medical personnel's skin and risk spread of disease. An ACEP spokesman later said he was not aware of any evidence to support this claim.
713:, Colonel, USMC, Chief of the JAG's International Law Branch, has argued that this ammunition is not prohibited by military convention in that the wounds that it produces are similar to
461:. This allows the manufacturer to maintain a greater consistency in tip shape and thus aerodynamic properties among bullets of the same design, at the expense of a slightly decreased
687:
with a 147-grain (9.5 g) jacketed hollow point bullet at 962 feet (293 m) per second for use in situations where limited over-penetration of targets is necessary to reduce
1040:
288:, velocities increased, and bullets got smaller, faster, and lighter. These new bullets (especially in rifles) needed to be jacketed to handle the conditions of firing. The new
1304:
1076:
445:
292:
bullets tended to penetrate straight through a target causing less internal damage than a bullet that expands and stops in its target. This led to the development of the
1283:
571:(FAC) holder. The FAC holder must have the calibre in question as a valid allowance on their licence. A valid firearms certificate allows the holder to use ball,
64:
436:
bullets, the jacket and other internal design characteristics help to prevent the bullet from breaking apart; a fragmented bullet will not penetrate as far.
394:) around the inside edge to expand outwards, increasing the axial diameter of the projectile as it passes through. This process is commonly referred to as
966:
521:
banned exploding projectiles of less than 400 grams, along with weapons designed to aggravate injured soldiers or make their death inevitable.
1142:
428:. This jacket provides additional strength to the bullet, increases penetration, and can help prevent it from leaving deposits of lead inside the
710:
666:
1192:
579:
and was only allowed when conditions were entered onto an FAC by the police. This condition would allow expanding ammunition to be used for:
1036:
350:
Solid copper hollow points, which are far stronger than jacketed lead, and provide controlled, uniform expansion even at high velocities.
180:
which expands on impact with a soft target, transferring more or all of the projectile's energy into the target over a shorter distance.
1332:
513:
of bullets that easily expand or flatten in the body. It is a common misapprehension that hollow-point ammunition is prohibited by the
51:
1308:
934:
Adkins, Robert; Lindsey, Douglas; Dimaio, Vincent; Marshall, Evan; Fackler, Martin; Peters, Carroll; Goddard, Stan; Smith, O'Brian.
1062:
759:
524:
Despite the widespread ban on military use, hollow-point bullets are one of the most common types of bullets used by civilians and
923:
919:
899:
1342:
1022:
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Some ammunition types are still prohibited under section 5 of the
Firearms Act 1968. Ammunition that explodes on impact or any
486:
hollow-point bullets, recovered after being fired into water. To the left is a bullet of the same type that has not been fired.
334:
Jackets that are thinner near the front than the rear to allow easy expansion at the beginning, then a reduced expansion rate.
1380:
1165:
357:
V-Max bullet). The plastic insert initiates the expansion of the bullet by being forced into the hollow cavity upon impact.
168:
hollow point cartridge, along with unexpanded and expanded bullets. The expanded lead bullet and copper jacket are separated
518:
683:, with a possible start date of 2018, the United States Army began production of M1153 special purpose ammunition for the
1279:
1213:
1117:
1090:
107:
round. Right: Jacketed hollow-point (JHP) round. JSP is a semi-jacketed round as the jacket does not extend to the tip
1335:
clips of several Barnes expanding bullets on impact. The 180 grain .308 bullet shows an ideal mushroom shape in the
1258:
506:
1589:
843:
1555:
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31:
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amongst others, all using hollow-point bullets. Many rimfire calibres also use expanding ammunition such as
714:
400:, because the resulting shape, a widened, rounded nose on top of a cylindrical base, typically resembles a
17:
1563:
973:
353:
Plastic inserts in the hollow, which provide the same profile as a full-metal-jacketed round (such as the
330:
Modern hollow-point bullet designs use many different methods to provide controlled expansion, including:
816:
790:
654:
750:
Winchester's "Black Talon" product name was eventually used against them. After the high-profile 1993
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895:
289:
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1187:
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or, in the case of carrying on activities in connection with the management of any estate, other
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319:
cartridges. Although such bullet designs were quickly outlawed for use in warfare (in 1898, the
416:, i.e., a portion of the lead-cored bullet is wrapped in a thin layer of harder metal, such as
1439:
935:
740:
462:
409:
218:
212:
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from the use of expanding ammunition, and even made special FMJ .22LR ammunition for use in
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1366:
892:"Declaration IV,3 – On the Use of Bullets Which Expand or Flatten Easily in the Human Body"
568:
544:
234:
128:
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528:, which is due largely to the reduced risk of bystanders being hit by over-penetrating or
165:
8:
1348:
867:
490:
1242:
Hallinan, Joe (1995-01-29). "Black Talon: much ado about little". Newhouse News
Service.
1116:
W. Hays Parks, Colonel, USMC, Chief of the JAG's
International Law Branch (1985-09-23).
374:
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1434:
1017:
891:
785:
567:
Most ammunition types, including hollow-point bullets, are only allowed to a section 1
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124:
1339:, and clearly shows the ripples in the temporary cavity formed by the spinning bullet.
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844:"An NRA Shooting Sports Journal | Why Are Hollow-Point Rifle Bullets More Accurate?"
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Bonding the lead core to the copper jacket to prevent separation and fragmentation.
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230:
177:
141:
Federal HST 230gr hollow point cartridge, with two rounds of CCI Standard
Velocity
1545:
638:
634:
215:(BC), are more sensitive to bullet harmonic characteristics and wind deflection.
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184:
449:
821:
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The United States is one of few major powers that did not agree to IV-3 of the
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630:
540:
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Partitions in the middle of the bullet core to stop expansion at a given point.
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238:
208:
142:
89:
1221:
1121:
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under new brand names, the Ranger T-Series and the
Supreme Elite Bonded PDX1.
27:
Empty tipped expanding bullet used for controlled penetration of solid objects
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Fluted or otherwise weakened jackets to encourage expansion or fragmentation.
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The first hollow-point bullets were marketed in the late 19th century as
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100:
543:, where expanding and any other kind of ammunition is only allowed to a
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hollow-point bullets, showing how performance is measured and compared.
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153:
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96:
84:
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The shooting of animals for the protection of other animals or humans
1351:
Precision
Shooter, March, 1996. A comparison test of four different
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1487:
1214:"Winchester Ranger Talon (Ranger SXT/Black Talon) Wound Ballistics"
775:
699:
594:
517:, as the prohibition significantly predates those conventions. The
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Cross-section of a hollow-point bullet; proportions are those of a
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308:
304:
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138:
1091:"Transportation and use of hollow point ammunition by sportsmen"
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Hollow-point bullets are used for controlled penetration, where
42:
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390:, the pressure created in the pit forces the material (usually
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669:, and thus is able to openly admit to the use of this kind of
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222:
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The United States military uses open-tip ammunition in some
626:
584:
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testing of hollow point bullets are generally performed in
391:
259:
444:
1220:. Firearms Tactical Institute. 1998-03-01. Archived from
622:
920:
U.S. Social
Security orders 174,000 hollow-point bullets
610:
that is intended for military use are examples of this.
134:
933:
614:
149:
1037:"Army to consider hollow point bullets for new pistol"
868:"Hollow Point Bullet - A Guide For First Time Buyers"
207:. They are more accurate and predictable compared to
1063:"M1152 & M1153: The Army's New 9 mm Luger Loads"
30:"Hollow point" redirects here. For other uses, see
1349:Premium Rifle Bullets: Who Wins The Toughest Test?
1576:
1206:
1183:"MotherJones SO93: This bullet kills you better"
1075:(5). National Rifle Association of America: 65.
509:of 1899, Declaration III, prohibited the use in
1343:History of commercial hollow-point bullet molds
1118:"Memorandum: Sniper Use of Open-Tip Ammunition"
967:"Hertfordshire Constabulary Firearms Licensing"
720:
296:and later jacketed hollow-point bullets at the
265:. Originally intended for rifles, the popular
1374:
532:, and the increased speed of incapacitation.
386:When a hollow-point hunting bullet strikes a
156:round, complete cartridge and expanded bullet
1141:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1174:
1083:
698:bans possession of hollow point bullets by
1381:
1367:
1252:
1158:Guns In American Society: An Encyclopedia
1093:. New Jersey State Police. Archived from
1029:
1241:
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760:American College of Emergency Physicians
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709:rifles due to its exceptional accuracy.
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67:of all important aspects of the article.
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14:
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1305:"Winchester Supreme Elite Bonded PDX1"
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63:Please consider expanding the lead to
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1060:
814:
1235:
956:
810:
808:
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735:Detail image of a Black Talon bullet
519:Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868
36:
1079:from the original on 23 April 2019.
24:
1181:Petersen, Julie (September 1993).
1043:from the original on 7 August 2016
311:around 1890. Designs included the
25:
1601:
1326:
999:Centerfire Cartridge Fundamentals
945:. Federal Bureau of Investigation
817:"Hollowpoints: Myths & Facts"
803:
562:
660:
277:calibers could also be fired in
41:
1388:
1297:
1286:from the original on 2011-10-05
1272:
1261:from the original on 2006-11-14
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1195:from the original on 2007-03-12
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1054:
902:from the original on 2010-12-18
211:which, despite having a higher
55:may be too short to adequately
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990:
927:
913:
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848:An NRA Shooting Sports Journal
835:
752:101 California Street shooting
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65:provide an accessible overview
13:
1:
842:Association, National Rifle.
796:
651:.22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire
613:Popular calibres used in the
599:The humane killing of animals
323:complained they breached the
225:) bullet meant to confer the
32:Hollow point (disambiguation)
1307:. Winchester. Archived from
1280:"Winchester Ranger T-Series"
721:Winchester Black Talon scare
715:full metal jacket ammunition
365:
199:, they are used for greater
7:
815:Jones, Allan (2016-07-15).
769:
439:
10:
1606:
1345:, going back to the 1890s.
1156:Carter, Gregg Lee (2002).
943:Office of Justice Programs
791:List of handgun cartridges
724:
655:.17 Hornady Magnum Rimfire
555:with ammunition that does
473:
244:
29:
1554:
1521:
1478:
1396:
547:holder, it is illegal to
317:.455" Mk III "Manstopper"
241:of hollow-point bullets.
105:Jacketed soft-point (JSP)
1253:Jeff Chan (1995-03-27).
1160:. ABC-CLIO. p. 64.
896:Hague Convention of 1899
667:Hague Convention of 1899
629:control are as follows:
539:, even ones such as the
313:.303" Mk III, IV & V
1590:Paramilitary cartridges
1061:Keefe, Mark A. (2019).
583:The lawful shooting of
145:for comparison purposes
115:Various hollow points:
736:
487:
453:
448:An expanded 124-grain
383:
382:before coming to rest.
219:Plastic-tipped bullets
169:
157:
146:
131:
108:
93:
1023:The National Archives
734:
676:High Standard pistols
511:international warfare
481:
463:ballistic coefficient
452:jacketed hollow-point
447:
373:
213:ballistic coefficient
163:
152:
137:
114:
99:
87:
1097:on 17 September 2013
569:firearms certificate
545:Firearms certificate
434:controlled expansion
235:very-low-drag bullet
129:.44 Remington Magnum
1311:on October 10, 2011
922:. World – CBC News
491:Terminal ballistics
284:With the advent of
191:(such as aboard an
174:hollow-point bullet
125:.44 S&W Special
1455:Total metal jacket
1218:Tactical Briefs #2
1018:legislation.gov.uk
786:Hollow-base bullet
737:
530:ricocheted bullets
515:Geneva Conventions
488:
454:
384:
233:(for example, see
203:due to the larger
170:
158:
147:
132:
109:
94:
1572:
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1430:Full metal jacket
1337:ballistic gelatin
1167:978-1-57607-268-4
1068:American Rifleman
689:collateral damage
685:9×19mm Parabellum
577:Firearms Act 1968
573:full metal jacket
551:certain types of
495:ballistic gelatin
294:soft-point bullet
290:full metal jacket
229:advantage of the
189:collateral damage
82:
81:
16:(Redirected from
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1536:Smokeless powder
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743:introduced the "
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507:Hague Convention
375:6.5×55mm Swedish
286:smokeless powder
178:expanding bullet
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872:Bulk Cheap Ammo
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739:In early 1992,
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639:.308 Winchester
635:.243 Winchester
565:
503:
476:
442:
368:
255:express bullets
247:
221:are a type of (
209:pointed bullets
197:target shooting
185:overpenetration
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50:This article's
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898:. 1899-06-29.
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631:.223 Remington
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231:Spitzer bullet
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90:.22 Long Rifle
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59:the key points
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1460:Very-low-drag
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1445:Semiwadcutter
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1224:on 2008-01-20
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1124:on 2007-04-27
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997:Chuck Hawks.
993:
979:on 2011-09-26
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936:"113821NCJRS"
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717:in practice.
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711:W. Hays Parks
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1564:Boxer primer
1415:Hollow point
1414:
1313:. Retrieved
1309:the original
1299:
1288:. Retrieved
1274:
1263:. Retrieved
1257:. RKBA.org.
1248:
1237:
1226:. Retrieved
1222:the original
1217:
1208:
1197:. Retrieved
1188:Mother Jones
1186:
1176:
1157:
1151:
1126:. Retrieved
1122:the original
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1095:the original
1085:
1072:
1066:
1056:
1045:. Retrieved
1031:
1025:, 1991 c. 54
1016:
1007:
998:
992:
981:. Retrieved
974:the original
947:. Retrieved
942:
929:
915:
904:. Retrieved
886:
875:. Retrieved
871:
862:
851:. Retrieved
847:
837:
826:. Retrieved
820:
764:
749:
738:
704:
693:
664:
612:
605:
566:
556:
534:
523:
510:
504:
489:
482:Three fired
468:
455:
450:9×19mm Luger
433:
413:
412:rifles, are
406:
395:
385:
329:
283:
254:
252:
248:
217:
187:could cause
182:
173:
171:
73:January 2022
70:
54:
52:lead section
18:Hollow point
1435:Hollow-base
1390:Handloading
1101:3 September
745:Black Talon
727:Black Talon
501:Legislation
484:.22 caliber
457:called the
397:mushrooming
388:soft target
325:Laws of War
227:aerodynamic
154:.40 S&W
121:.38 Special
101:.357 Magnum
1579:Categories
1523:Propellant
1419:Soft point
1315:2011-10-25
1290:2011-10-25
1265:2007-03-17
1228:2007-03-17
1199:2007-03-17
1128:2007-03-17
1047:2015-10-23
983:2011-08-03
949:2021-08-26
906:2010-12-16
877:2024-09-05
853:2023-09-27
828:2023-09-27
797:References
781:Hydra-Shok
741:Winchester
696:New Jersey
671:ammunition
608:ammunition
426:mild steel
410:centerfire
347:expanding.
237:) and the
1531:Gunpowder
1503:Rock salt
1498:Flechette
1470:Wadcutter
1425:Frangible
1411:Expanding
700:civilians
681:side arms
366:Mechanism
279:revolvers
92:cartridge
57:summarize
1493:Buckshot
1488:Birdshot
1284:Archived
1259:Archived
1193:Archived
1137:cite web
1077:Archived
1041:Archived
900:Archived
776:Gold Dot
770:See also
595:wildlife
559:expand.
535:In many
440:Accuracy
414:jacketed
402:mushroom
315:and the
309:Calcutta
201:accuracy
193:aircraft
117:.45 Auto
1585:Bullets
1450:Spitzer
643:.22-250
474:Testing
355:Hornady
321:Germans
307:, near
305:Dum Dum
301:arsenal
298:British
245:History
139:.45 ACP
1556:Primer
1542:, etc)
1398:Bullet
1353:.30-06
1164:
707:sniper
619:vermin
591:vermin
526:police
459:meplat
418:copper
361:round)
275:.44-40
273:, and
271:.38-40
267:.32-20
205:meplat
195:). In
143:.22 LR
1508:Sabot
977:(PDF)
970:(PDF)
939:(PDF)
432:. In
424:, or
422:brass
380:moose
263:alloy
223:rifle
1513:Slug
1406:Cast
1162:ISBN
1143:link
1103:2013
653:and
627:deer
625:and
617:for
585:deer
553:game
549:hunt
505:The
430:bore
392:lead
260:lead
1465:Wax
1073:167
754:in
623:fox
557:not
303:in
166:9mm
1581::
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