59:
48:
375:
139:
247:
113:
74:
473:
317:
266:) where people hoping for a ride can wait for cars. These benches are usually brightly coloured and located at the exit from a village, sometimes at an existing bus stop lay-by where vehicles can pull in safely. Some are even provided with large fold-out or slide-out signs with place names allowing hitchers to clearly signal where they want to go. Some
883:
The most recent hard evidence I could find about hitchhiking danger was a 1974 study conducted by the
California Highway Patrol examining crimes committed by and on hitchhikers. It found that in 71.7 per cent of hitchhiker related crimes the hitchhiker was the victim. It also found that only 0.63 per
342:
study and a 1989 German federal police (Bundeskriminalamt
Wiesbaden) study. The California study found that hitchhikers were not disproportionately likely to be victims of crime. The German study concluded that the actual risk is much lower than the publicly perceived risk; the authors did not advise
484:
were publicized to drivers, who were advised that some hitchhikers would rob drivers and, in some cases, sexually assault or murder them. Other warnings were publicized to the hitchhikers themselves, alerting them to the same types of crimes being carried out by drivers. Still, hitchhiking was part
257:
Since the mid-2010s, local authorities in rural areas in
Germany have started to support hitchhiking, and this has spread to Austria and the German-speaking region of Belgium. The objectives are both social and environmental: as ride sharing improves mobility for local residents (particularly young
214:
reviewed sparse data about hitchhiking, and identified a steady decline in hitchhiking in the US since the 1970s, which it attributed to a number of factors, including a greater lack of trust of strangers, lower air travel costs due to deregulation, the presence of more money in the economy to pay
452:
has a long history and is still popular. It was legalised and formalised in 1957 so hitchhikers could buy booklets including coupons from travel agencies. These coupons were given to drivers who took hitchhikers. By the end of each season drivers who collected the highest number of coupons could
146:
Hitchhiking is historically a common practice worldwide and hence there are very few places in the world where laws exist to restrict it. However, a minority of countries have laws that restrict hitchhiking at certain locations. In the United States, for example, some local governments have laws
896:
No independent information exists about hitchhikers who are not involved in crimes. Without such information, it is not possible to conclude whether or not hitchhikers are exposed to high danger. However, the results of this study do not show that hitchhikers are over-represented in crimes or
128:
In most of Europe, North
America, South America and Australia, most hitchhikers stand with their back facing the direction of travel. The hitchhiker typically extends their arm towards the road with the thumb of the closed hand pointing upward or in the direction of vehicle travel.
318:
320:
853:
There are no statistics on hitch-hiking, at least none that are meaningful and reliable. Compiling useful statistics would require counting hitchers and the amount of rides they receive, and comparing them to the problems reported, which would be a difficult
488:
Today, hitchhiking is legal in 44 of the 50 states, provided that the hitchhiker is not standing in the roadway or otherwise hindering the normal flow of traffic. Even in states where hitchhiking is illegal, hitchhikers are rarely ticketed. For example, the
390:
In Cuba, picking up hitchhikers is mandatory for government vehicles, if passenger space is available. Hitchhiking is encouraged, as Cuba has few cars, and hitchhikers use designated spots. Drivers pick up waiting riders on a first come, first served basis.
321:
159:
in
Ontario. In all countries in Europe, it is legal to hitchhike and in some places even encouraged. However, worldwide, even where hitchhiking is permitted, laws forbid hitchhiking where pedestrians are banned, such as the
120:
Hitchhikers use a variety of signals to indicate they need a ride. Indicators can be physical gestures or displays including written signs. The physical gestures, e.g., hand signals, hitchhikers use differ around the world:
258:
and old people without their own cars) in places where public transport is inadequate, thus improving networking among local communities in an environmentally friendly way. This support typically takes the form of providing
1090:
743:
453:
exchange them for prizes, and others took part in a lottery. This so-called "Akcja
Autostop" was popular till the end of the 1970s, but the sale of the booklet was discontinued in 1995.
319:
335:
Limited data is available regarding the safety of hitchhiking. Compiling good safety data requires counting hitchhikers, counting rides, and counting problems, all difficult tasks.
673:
773:
808:
184:(United States), although hitchhikers often obtain rides at entrances and truck stops where it is legal at least throughout Europe with the exception of Italy.
293:
343:
against hitchhiking in general. They found that in some cases there were verbal disputes or inappropriate comments, but physical attacks were very rare.
502:
1016:
884:
cent of the crimes reported during the period of the study were hitchhiker-related, and that hitchhikers were not disproportionately victims of crime.
751:
629:
238:
Some
British researchers discuss reasons for hitchhiking's decline in the UK, and possible means of reviving it in safer and more-organized forms.
215:
for travel and more numerous and more reliable cars. A marked increase in fear of hitchhiking is thought to have been spurred by movies such as
1032:
973:
This is a link to the referenced article; but, note that it has not been fully peer-reviewed, and that we cannot guarantee its validity.
681:
1239:
985:
1182:
Smith, David H. & Frauke Zeller (2017). The death and lives of hitchBOT: the design and implementation of a hitchhiking robot.
493:
approached 524 hitchhikers in 2010, but only eight of them were cited (hitchhiking was subsequently legalized in
Wyoming in 2013).
485:
of the
American psyche and many people continued to stick out their thumbs, even in states where the practice had been outlawed.
777:
462:
200:, which are platforms for hitchhikers to share tips and provide a way of looking up good hitchhiking spots around the world.
799:
1144:
1062:
914:
560:
1509:
1232:
1162:
581:
449:
192:
In recent years, hitchhikers have started efforts to strengthen their community. Examples include the annual
156:
58:
1013:
217:
1267:
1168:
Packer, Jeremy (2008). Hitching the highway to hell: Media hysterics and the politics of youth mobility.
1136:
538:
466:
354:
35:
633:
228:
39:
1499:
1225:
1076:
Clueless in New
England: The Unsolved Disappearances of Paula Welden, Connie Smith and Katherine Hull
776:. Ăsterreichisches Bundesministerium fĂźr Nachhaltigkeit und Tourismus. 20 August 2018. Archived from
339:
181:
17:
365:
Traveling with another hitchhiker; this measure decreases the likelihood of harm by a factor of six
1036:
1372:
1057:
Jakub CzupryĹski (red.), "Autostop polski. PRL i wspĂłĹczesnoĹÄ", Korporacja Ha!art, KrakĂłw 2005.
947:"In one of 10,000 rides, a woman is raped and in two of 1,000 rides, there is an attempted rape."
223:
51:
Hitchhiking waiting times worldwide with uncertainties of estimation (2024) - based on data from
615:
1504:
1382:
490:
63:
1002:
901:
844:
829:
400:
1494:
1287:
1282:
1272:
915:"Anhalterwesen und Anhaltergefahren: unter besonderer BerĂźcksichtigung des "Kurztrampens""
867:
8:
936:
529:
513:
169:
31:
1262:
996:
891:
724:
259:
210:
180:(United Kingdom and continental Europe, with the exception of, at least, Lithuania) or
125:
In some African countries, the hitchhiker's hand is held with the palm facing upwards.
1387:
1158:
1058:
918:
728:
275:
1514:
1397:
1392:
1302:
1248:
716:
704:
271:
152:
1448:
1433:
1312:
1292:
1020:
481:
420:
416:
957:
227:(1986), and a few real incidents involving imperiled hitchhikers, including the
1463:
1438:
1337:
1317:
519:
193:
97:
147:
outlawing hitchhiking, on the basis of drivers' and hitchhikers' safety. In
1488:
1127:
285:
100:
that is gained by asking individuals, usually strangers, for a ride in their
47:
922:
830:"A dearth of research: Does anyone really know anything about hitch-hiking?"
374:
1468:
1428:
1367:
327:
196:, an event organized by hitchhikers, for hitchhikers, and websites such as
67:
246:
138:
1453:
1347:
1277:
1177:
Roadside Americans: The Rise and Fall of Hitchhiking in a Changing Nation
941:
112:
1423:
1418:
1307:
77:
A man with an outstretched thumb and a sign indicating his destination.
774:"Die Mitfahrbank als unkomplizierte MitfahrbĂśrse fĂźr alle BĂźrgerInnen"
331:, a 1970s educational children's show, about the safety of hitchhiking
1357:
1206:
Solo Female Traveller: What I Learnt from Hitchhiking in 70 Countries
524:
405:
In Israel, hitchhiking is commonplace at designated locations called
379:
350:
Asking for rides at gas stations instead of signaling at the roadside
197:
151:, several highways have restrictions on hitchhiking, particularly in
720:
705:"'The Neglected Art of Hitch-hiking: Risk, Trust and Sustainability"
1473:
1443:
1413:
1342:
1322:
1217:
534:
440:, typically junctions of highways or main roads outside of a city.
177:
161:
1120:
The Vanishing Hitchhiker. American Urban Legends and Their Meaning
142:
Two of the signs used in the United States, forbidding hitchhiking
73:
27:
Asking people, usually strangers, for a ride in their road vehicle
1458:
1297:
508:
165:
655:
1377:
1362:
1352:
1327:
148:
1155:
Americans Traveling Abroad: What You Should Know Before You Go
917:(in German). Wiesbaden, Germany: Bundeskriminalamt Wiesbaden.
306:
Manual for the Successful Introduction of Hitch-hiking Benches
1091:"Wyoming Senate committee debates, advances hitchhiking bill"
997:"California Crimes And Accidents Associated With Hitchhiking"
892:"California Crimes And Accidents Associated With Hitchhiking"
289:
173:
104:
or other vehicle. The ride is usually, but not always, free.
702:
472:
801:
Handbuch fßr eine erfolgreiche Einfßhrung von Mitfahrbänken
461:
Hitchhiking became a common method of traveling during the
1205:
656:"Italy - Hitchwiki: The Hitchhiker's guide to Hitchhiking"
101:
505:â two unsolved murders of hitchhikers in England in 1970
52:
476:
A "slug line" of passengers waiting for rides in the US
1170:
Mobility Without Mayhem: Safety, Cars, and Citizenship
516:â hitchhiking formalized via designated meeting points
561:"Why Do Hitchhikers Say "(Destination)...Or Bust!"?"
435:
429:
423:
406:
300:
climate protection initiative. In 2018 the Tyrolean
294:
Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Regions and Tourism
1073:
987:
Thumbs Down: America and the Decline of Hitchhiking
503:Murders of Jacqueline Ansell-Lamb and Barbara Mayo
744:"Projekt: Nersingen will Mitfahrbänke aufstellen"
1486:
983:
912:
558:
270:have been installed with the help of the EU's
1233:
1179:. Chapel Hill: Univ, of North Carolina Press.
1088:
990:(BA thesis). Wesleyan University. p. 44.
894:. California Highway Patrol. February 1974.
741:
671:
582:"Hitchhiker's guide - what you should know?"
1145:Why did the anthropologist cross the road?
482:potential dangers of picking up hitchhikers
1240:
1226:
1193:. UK Edition. London: Cassell Illustrated.
1172:. Chapel Hill: Duke Univ. Press (77â110).
823:
821:
471:
373:
338:Two studies on the topic include a 1974
315:
245:
241:
137:
111:
72:
57:
46:
703:Chesters, Graeme; Smith, David (2001).
667:
665:
428:). Travelers soliciting rides, called
14:
1487:
1200:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
999:. California Highway Patrol. Table 18.
865:
818:
674:"Where Have All the Hitchhikers Gone?"
346:Recommended safety practices include:
34:. For other uses of "Hitchhiker", see
1221:
1189:Sykes, Simon & Tom Sykes (2005).
913:Joachim Fiedler; et al. (1989).
38:. For other uses of "Hitchhike", see
1247:
1122:. New York NY: Norton & Company.
662:
576:
574:
107:
845:"The Pros and Cons of Hitch-Hiking"
842:
827:
814:from the original on 25 April 2019.
369:
253:with destination signs in Flensburg
24:
559:Kovalchik, Kara (9 January 2015).
25:
1526:
1213:
1089:Laura Hancock (13 January 2013).
866:McLeod, Jamie (10 January 2007).
571:
359:Hitchhiking during daylight hours
62:A man and woman hitchhiking near
984:Compagni Portis, Julian (2015).
672:Huynh, Diana (10 October 2011).
456:
1147:Ethnos: Journal of Anthropology
1112:
1082:
1067:
1051:
1025:
1007:
976:
950:
929:
906:
897:accidents beyond their numbers.
859:
836:
792:
766:
742:Bianca FrieĂ (10 August 2018).
133:
735:
696:
648:
622:
608:
599:
552:
116:A typical hitchhiker's gesture
13:
1:
1203:Kabourkova, Michaela (2022).
545:
1191:No Such Thing as a Free Ride
1143:Laviolette, Patrick (2016).
1074:Dooling, Michael C. (2010).
937:"Trampen ohne groĂes Risiko"
709:Sociological Research Online
539:high-occupancy vehicle lanes
218:The Texas Chain Saw Massacre
187:
7:
1153:Nwanna, Gladson I. (2004).
1137:Round Ireland with a Fridge
1131:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
537:â hitchhiking motivated by
496:
467:Counterculture of the 1960s
436:
430:
424:
407:
232:
36:Hitchhiker (disambiguation)
30:For the genetics term, see
10:
1531:
807:. MobilitäterInnen. 2018.
678:Freakonomics Radio Podcast
398:
292:, and are promoted by the
229:kidnapping of Colleen Stan
203:
40:Hitchhike (disambiguation)
29:
1406:
1255:
1125:Griffin, John H. (1961).
1118:Brunvand, Harold (1981).
868:"The 'better' Better Way"
443:
412:
394:
340:California Highway Patrol
311:
284:are especially common in
1019:27 November 2012 at the
362:Trusting one's instincts
355:alcohol impaired drivers
1198:The Last Great Road Bum
1157:, Frontier Publishers,
1078:. The Carrollton Press.
385:
66:in 1936, photograph by
1383:Ultralight backpacking
1196:Tobar, HĂŠctor (2020).
1014:Cuba Hitchhiking Guide
541:in several urban areas
491:Wyoming Highway Patrol
477:
382:
332:
254:
143:
117:
78:
70:
64:Vicksburg, Mississippi
55:
1510:Sustainable transport
958:"Hitchhiker's safety"
475:
401:Hitchhiking in Israel
377:
324:
249:
242:Public policy support
141:
115:
76:
61:
50:
1288:Backpacking (hiking)
1283:Backpacking (travel)
1273:Adventure recreation
1134:Hawks, Tony (1996).
780:on 29 September 2020
684:on 15 September 2016
616:"Hitchhiking Basics"
378:Two men tramping in
353:Refusing rides from
304:network published a
1268:Adjectival tourisms
1209:. Valencia: Amazon.
1175:Reid, Jack. (2020)
1095:Casper Star-Tribune
530:Ridesharing company
514:Flexible carpooling
419:, derived from the
260:hitchhiking benches
231:in California. See
182:interstate highways
157:400-series highways
32:Genetic hitchhiking
1263:Accessible tourism
1001:Also available as
900:Also available as
849:bernd.wechner.info
636:on 7 December 2012
478:
383:
333:
255:
211:Freakonomics Radio
144:
118:
79:
71:
56:
1482:
1481:
1388:Urban exploration
1150:. 81(3): 379â401.
322:
276:local development
108:Signaling methods
16:(Redirected from
1522:
1500:Itinerant living
1398:Wildlife tourism
1393:Volunteer travel
1303:Cultural tourism
1249:Adventure travel
1242:
1235:
1228:
1219:
1218:
1140:. London: Ebury.
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1065:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1035:. Archived from
1029:
1023:
1011:
1005:
1000:
991:
980:
974:
972:
970:
968:
954:
948:
946:
933:
927:
926:
910:
904:
899:
886:
880:
878:
863:
857:
856:
843:Wechner, Bernd.
840:
834:
833:
828:Wechner, Bernd.
825:
816:
815:
813:
806:
796:
790:
789:
787:
785:
770:
764:
763:
761:
759:
754:on 25 April 2019
750:. Archived from
739:
733:
732:
700:
694:
693:
691:
689:
680:. Archived from
669:
660:
659:
652:
646:
645:
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632:. Archived from
626:
620:
619:
612:
606:
603:
597:
596:
594:
592:
578:
569:
568:
556:
480:Warnings of the
465:and during the
463:Great Depression
439:
433:
427:
414:
410:
370:Around the world
323:
302:MobilitäterInnen
272:LEADER programme
153:British Columbia
96:) is a means of
21:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1449:Nude recreation
1434:Mountain biking
1402:
1313:Extreme tourism
1293:Bicycle touring
1251:
1246:
1216:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1087:
1083:
1072:
1068:
1056:
1052:
1042:
1040:
1039:on 10 July 2010
1031:
1030:
1026:
1021:Wayback Machine
1012:
1008:
995:
981:
977:
966:
964:
956:
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772:
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736:
721:10.5153/sro.605
701:
697:
687:
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670:
663:
654:
653:
649:
639:
637:
628:
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623:
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579:
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448:Hitchhiking in
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110:
84:(also known as
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28:
23:
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15:
12:
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5:
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1507:
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1497:
1480:
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1464:River trekking
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1439:Mountaineering
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1318:Freighthopping
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1214:External links
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1186:. 50(1): 77â8.
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748:SĂźdwest Presse
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1469:Scuba diving
1429:Hang gliding
1368:Slum tourism
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1113:Bibliography
1098:. Retrieved
1094:
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1041:. Retrieved
1037:the original
1027:
1009:
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965:. Retrieved
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875:. Retrieved
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782:. Retrieved
778:the original
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756:. Retrieved
752:the original
747:
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715:(3): 63â71.
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688:21 September
686:. Retrieved
682:the original
677:
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638:. Retrieved
634:the original
624:
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589:. Retrieved
586:myluggage.io
585:
565:Mental Floss
564:
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389:
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328:About Safety
326:
305:
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282:Mitfahrbänke
281:
280:In Austria,
279:
268:Mitfahrbänke
267:
264:Mitfahrbänke
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134:Legal status
119:
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68:Walker Evans
44:
1495:Hitchhiking
1454:Paragliding
1348:Overlanding
1333:Hitchhiking
1278:Agritourism
942:Zeit Online
437:trempiyadas
415: in
408:trempiyadas
262:(in German
251:Mitfahrbank
224:The Hitcher
82:Hitchhiking
1489:Categories
1474:Zip-lining
1424:Geohashing
1419:Geocaching
1407:Activities
1308:Ecotourism
1163:1890605107
1043:20 October
1033:"booklets"
982:Based on:
640:4 December
546:References
434:, wait at
298:klimaaktiv
296:under its
274:for rural
170:Autostrade
1358:Rogaining
967:1 January
962:Hitchwiki
729:143681275
525:Hitchwiki
431:trempists
380:Jerusalem
235:, below.
208:In 2011,
198:hitchwiki
188:Community
178:motorways
18:Hitchhike
1444:Naturism
1414:Climbing
1373:Tramping
1343:Kloofing
1323:Glamping
1184:Leonardo
1017:Archived
923:21676123
809:Archived
784:25 April
758:25 April
535:Slugging
497:See also
413:×ר×פ××××
221:(1974),
162:Autobahn
155:and the
94:hitching
90:autostop
86:thumbing
53:Hitchmap
1515:Fingers
1459:Rafting
1298:Camping
993:Citing:
945:. 1990.
888:Citing:
591:30 July
509:Carpool
425:trampen
204:Decline
166:Germany
1378:Travel
1363:Safari
1353:Picnic
1328:Hiking
1161:
1100:30 May
1061:
1003:a PDF.
921:
902:a PDF.
727:
450:Poland
444:Poland
421:German
417:Hebrew
395:Israel
312:Safety
149:Canada
1256:Types
877:3 May
854:task.
812:(PDF)
805:(PDF)
725:S2CID
290:Tyrol
174:Italy
1159:ISBN
1102:2014
1059:ISBN
1045:2012
969:2014
919:OCLC
879:2013
786:2019
760:2019
690:2016
642:2012
593:2022
386:Cuba
288:and
717:doi
176:),
168:),
102:car
92:or
1491::
1093:.
960:.
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820:^
746:.
723:.
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664:^
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573:^
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411:(
172:(
164:(
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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