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enslaved
African Americans worked at Fort Snelling at one time. US Army officers submitted pay vouchers and received extra income for retaining an enslaved African-American. From 1855 to 1857, nine individuals were enslaved at Fort Snelling. The last slave-holding unit, the Tenth United States Infantry Regiment, was transferred to Utah in 1857. Slavery was constitutionally forbidden in 1858 when Minnesota established statehood.
150:
was a landmark case that held that neither enslaved nor free
African-Americans were meant to hold the privileges of constitutional rights as United States citizens. The court's decision legalized slavery in all United States territories, including Minnesota, and slavery remained legal for fourteen
143:
John
Emerson's wife, Irene Sanford Emerson, moved to St. Louis with the enslaved Scotts and their two children in 1840. In 1843, Dred and Harriet sued Irene Emerson for their freedom. Although they lost their first trial, they appealed and in 1850 were given their freedom. In 1852, Irene Emerson
98:
was built in 1820, fur traders and officers at the post, including
Colonel Josiah Snelling, used enslaved labor for cooking, cleaning, and other household chores. Although enslavers were in violation of both the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 and the Missouri Compromise of 1820, an estimated 15–30
144:
appealed and the Scotts freedom was taken away. Eventually the trial went to federal court, and in 1857 the US Supreme Court decided that the Scotts' residence in
Minnesota did not make them free, and they still had the status of slaves after they returned to Missouri.
116:
claiming that she had been illegally enslaved. The
Missouri Supreme Court ruled in her favor in 1836 and she was freed. At this ruling, another enslaved woman named Courtney and her son William, who were sold by a fur trader named
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136:
were enslaved at Fort
Snelling from 1836 to 1840. Their enslaver, John Emerson, was the Fort's surgeon and brought Dred to Fort Snelling. Harriet had been brought to Fort Snelling by Indian agent
78:, which included those parts of Minnesota that are east of the Mississippi. However, territorial laws and practices allowed human bondage to continue in various forms. Territorial governors
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140:, the largest slaveholder in pre-territorial Minnesota, in 1834 or 1835. Taliaferro officiated the wedding ceremony of Harriet Robinson and Dred Scott, in 1836 or 1837.
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There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude from the State otherwise there is the punishment of crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted.
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Two enslaved women sued for their freedom and were set free in 1836. A woman named Rachel was enslaved by
Lieutenant Thomas Stockton at
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months in
Minnesota until statehood. This case garnered national attention and pushed political tensions towards the Civil War.
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Slavery in the Upper
Mississippi Valley, 1787–1865: A History of Human Bondage in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin
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at Prairie du Chien until 1834. When Rachel and her son were sold in St. Louis, she sued for her freedom in
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Slave labor on United States military installations 1799–1863
273:"Enslaved African Americans and the Fight for Freedom"
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supported slavery and did not enforce the ordinance.
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Slavery in the colonial history of the United States
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in 1858. The second section of the first Article of
701:Slave markets and slave jails in the United States
1214:
965:Movement to reopen the transatlantic slave trade
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242:"Dred and Harriet Scott in Minnesota | MNopedia"
54:, the area of present-day Minnesota was part of
754:Slavery as a positive good in the United States
70:The first legislation against slavery was the
721:Slavery at American colleges and universities
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303:. Oxford University Press. pp. 13, 355.
301:Mrs. Dred Scott: A Life on Slavery's Frontier
706:Kidnapping into slavery in the United States
1186:Family reunification ads after emancipation
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899:Slavery and the United States Constitution
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989:Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution
186:"Constitution of the State of Minnesota"
691:Indentured servitude in British America
121:in St. Louis in 1834, were also freed.
74:of 1787, which forbade slavery in the
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1233:Slavery in the United States by state
1223:African-American history of Minnesota
1131:Slavery during the American Civil War
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1136:End of slavery in the United States
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1014:John Quincy Adams and abolitionism
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31:, drafted in 1857, provides that:
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1181:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
1126:Origins of the American Civil War
833:African American founding fathers
776:Education during the slave period
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929:History of slavery by U.S. state
696:Slave trade in the United States
213:Lehman, Christopher P. (2011).
1228:Anti-black racism in Minnesota
791:List of American slave traders
671:Slavery among Native Americans
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58:and, as such, was governed by
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999:George Washington and slavery
878:American Colonization Society
873:African-American slave owners
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1004:Thomas Jefferson and slavery
749:American proslavery movement
711:Slave states and free states
352:Slavery in the United States
277:Minnesota Historical Society
161:Slavery in the United States
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1029:Abraham Lincoln and slavery
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106:from 1830 to 1831, then at
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1103:Children of the plantation
1034:Andrew Johnson and slavery
1024:Zachary Taylor and slavery
970:Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
939:Fugitive Slave Act of 1793
904:American slave court cases
868:Amerindian slave ownership
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17:Slavery has been forbidden
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1081:Sexual relations and rape
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1009:James Madison and slavery
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299:VanderVelde, Lea (2009).
1141:Compensated emancipation
90:Slavery at Fort Snelling
29:the state's constitution
976:Partus sequitur ventrem
919:Three-fifths Compromise
66:United States territory
1051:Supreme Court Justices
1019:John Tyler and slavery
994:Presidents and slavery
983:Dred Scott v. Sandford
147:Dred Scott v. Sandford
125:Dred and Harriet Scott
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25:admission to the Union
924:Slave and free states
914:Fugitive Slave Clause
828:List of abolitionists
681:Slavery in New France
46:Slavery in New France
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950:Gag rule (1836–1840)
811:Underground Railroad
786:Domestic slave trade
771:Mandatory illiteracy
676:Slavery in New Spain
627:District of Columbia
84:Charles Willing Byrd
52:European exploration
1171:Radical Republicans
1118:Civil War and after
1046:Members of Congress
863:List of plantations
646:U.S. Virgin Islands
138:Lawrence Taliaferro
76:Northwest Territory
72:Northwest Ordinance
23:since that state's
1166:Reconstruction era
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113:Rachael v. Walker
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108:Fort Crawford
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104:Fort Snelling
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50:During early
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843:Field slaves
806:Abolitionism
740:Cultural and
731:Bibliography
566:South Dakota
556:Rhode Island
551:Pennsylvania
531:North Dakota
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280:. Retrieved
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848:Gang system
838:Plantations
641:Puerto Rico
634:Territories
481:Mississippi
396:Connecticut
198:October 26,
1217:Categories
1161:Juneteenth
1146:Contraband
596:Washington
516:New Mexico
511:New Jersey
386:California
282:2020-06-19
251:2020-06-19
172:References
56:New France
1060:Marriage,
759:Treatment
606:Wisconsin
571:Tennessee
476:Minnesota
451:Louisiana
21:Minnesota
726:Glossary
591:Virginia
541:Oklahoma
521:New York
496:Nebraska
486:Missouri
471:Michigan
461:Maryland
446:Kentucky
426:Illinois
401:Delaware
391:Colorado
381:Arkansas
193:Mnhs.org
155:See also
1097:Plaçage
663:History
611:Wyoming
586:Vermont
491:Montana
431:Indiana
411:Georgia
406:Florida
376:Arizona
366:Alabama
946:(1808)
764:Health
655:Topics
546:Oregon
501:Nevada
441:Kansas
416:Hawaii
371:Alaska
359:States
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576:Texas
456:Maine
421:Idaho
189:(PDF)
94:When
1196:list
581:Utah
536:Ohio
436:Iowa
305:ISBN
219:ISBN
200:2017
132:and
130:Dred
82:and
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344:e
337:t
330:v
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.