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in black and gold. The rump is greenish-yellow, with some red on the feather tips, and the upper side of the tail is black with red upper-tail coverts. The underside of the wings is greyish-brown with pale spotting and barring, and the underside of the tail is grey or olive. The fore-crown is grey or buff, the face and throat are grey and the underparts are buff, brown or olive, with some dark streaking on the flanks. The iris is yellow, the beak is long, slender, and grey, and the legs are grey. The adult female is similar to the male but has a black crown and red nape. The juvenile has a black crown with white and red spotting, an orange nape, and dark iris.
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displays, such as the ‘swinging’ display are also an example of aggression or agitation. Two positively correlated displays are the ‘bowing’ display and dihedral flight. These displays are normally shown between a male and female. A breeding pair might greet one another at a nest using the bowing display, by moving their head and bill up and down. In flight, this glide-like pattern in the dihedral flight is also displayed when an individual's mate is present.
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construction, both the male and female will create a nest whole within a tree. The work in a pair is well evenly distributed. Once eggs are laid, both parents take part in incubation, as well as feeding once the young have hatched. The average clutch size is four or five eggs. Previous observations report cooperative breeding in this species but this behavior appears to be rare. Usually only females have been observed incubating on the same nest site.
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Some sexual dimorphisms have been compared with the foraging habits of this species. It has been noted that males and females sometimes differ in foraging habits. Females tend to glean on small branches, while males tend to tap and probe. Evidence of differing bill size shows dimorphism between the
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The
Hispaniolan woodpecker is a gold and black barred bird growing to a length of from 22 to 28 cm (8.7 to 11.0 in). The adult male has a red crown and nape and is larger than the female, with a longer beak. The upper neck is striped black and white and the back and wings are boldly striped
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Hispaniolan woodpeckers molt in a pattern, like woodpeckers in temperate climates.They have been found to keep their primary coverts in their second molt cycle. The time in which they molt occurs during their breeding season from mid spring to mid summer. This trait is common among tropical species.
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Hispaniolan woodpeckers are omnivorous, and primarily eat insects, berries, fruits, and plants. Since their source of food is in high trees, this species is rarely seen foraging on the ground; rather, they forage on the sides of tree trunks. They are known to be a crop pest in the
Dominican Republic
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It is found in both Haiti and the
Dominican Republic. It is mostly a woodland bird. Its range extends through many of Hispaniola's biomes: wet, dry, broadleaf, and coniferous forests, but also occurs in plantations, cactus scrub, mangrove areas, swamps, grasslands, palm groves, wooded agricultural
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This species is thought to breed throughout the year; however nesting usually starts in the spring. In at least one population, breeding exhibited a defined season, lasting from March through August. These birds are very social, and up to 26 pairs will nest in a single tree. When it comes to nest
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Displays that this species is known to exhibit are bill oriented displays, body movement, and dihedral flight. The bill displays are thought to be used as a confrontational display. This kind of display may be used to warn other individuals who are too close to a territory or nest. Body movement
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Unlike most woodpeckers, the
Hispaniolan woodpecker is a social species that takes advantage of having a large number of individual adult birds in the colony to protect a nesting bank or tree. There may be twenty pairs of birds in a colony, with several nesting in the same tree. The nests are
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This woodpecker forages in small noisy groups; the diet is varied and includes insects, spiders, scorpions, lizards, fruit, seeds, grain and sap. It can catch flying insects in flight, and larger food items are bashed on an "anvil" to break them up.
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sexes in relation to foraging practices. As stated already, it is possible that the physical mechanics that males and females present in foraging, could connect to diverging characteristics in their physiological structure.
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for eating from cacao plants and other fruit producing trees. They are known not to eat the seeds in the cacao plant, but the holes they create can lead to insect damage.
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Nestlings also receive a diverse diet from their parents. Usually the food given is regurgitated, but parents will also give young non-regurgitated food.
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This woodpecker is quite vocal, emitting a range of sounds including yapping, squeaking, rolling and nasal calls. Drumming is done only occasionally.
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Wallace, R.A. (1974). "Ecological and social implications of sexual dimorphism in five melanerpine woodpeckers". The Condor 76(3). pp. 238–248.
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Short, L.L. (1974). "Habits of three endemic West Indian woodpeckers (Aves, Picidae)". American Museum novitates. pp. no. 2549.
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570:"OVERLAP IN MOLT AND BREEDING PHENOLOGY IN THE HISPANIOLAN WOODPECKER (MELANERPED STRIATUS)"
470:"The Composition and Foraging Ecology of Mixed-Species Flocks in Pine Forests of Hispaniola"
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Mitchell, Brent (1985). "Aspects of woodpecker damage to cacao in the
Dominican Republic".
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Males and females both have similar molts in flight feathers, as well as in body plumage.
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excavated in trunks and branches, and discarded holes are reused by
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572:. OrnithologiA Neotropical29(2). pp. 29–36.
517:(2). Tropical Pest Management, 31:2: 148–152.
417:Woodpeckers of the World: A Photographic Guide
480:(3). The Condor volume 98, issue 3: 595–607.
589:"Burdens of the picid hole-excavating habit"
1020:Taxa named by Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller
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634:Hispaniolan woodpecker photo gallery
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985:IUCN Red List least concern species
419:. Firefly Books. pp. 128–129.
371:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
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1005:Birds of the Dominican Republic
640:Vireo Photo-High Res-(Close-up)
616:on the Internet Bird Collection
360:BirdLife International (2018).
995:Endemic birds of the Caribbean
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614:Hispaniolan woodpecker videos
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636:at VIREO (Drexel University)
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1000:Endemic birds of Hispaniola
234:to the Caribbean island of
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468:Latta, Steven C. (1996).
378:: e.T22680834A130031721.
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82:Scientific classification
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511:Tropical Pest Management
267:areas, and urban parks.
262:Distribution and habitat
1015:Birds described in 1776
415:Gorman, Gerard (2014).
24:Hispaniolan woodpecker
219:Hispaniolan woodpecker
903:Paleobiology Database
286:Hispaniolan parakeets
227:) is a medium-sized
921:Melanerpes-striatus
703:Melanerpes_striatus
689:Melanerpes striatus
659:Melanerpes striatus
568:Garrod, H. (2018).
364:Melanerpes striatus
290:Hispaniolan trogons
282:Hispaniolan amazons
238:(split between the
224:Melanerpes striatus
191:Melanerpes striatus
52:Conservation status
624:Dominican Republic
587:Short, LL (1979).
294:Antillean piculets
240:Dominican Republic
44:Dominican Republic
40:La Romana Province
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864:Neotropical
799:iNaturalist
683:Wikispecies
602:(1): 16–28.
391:12 November
250:Description
199:Müller, PLS
990:Melanerpes
979:Categories
948:Q109563413
916:Xeno-canto
474:The Condor
347:References
296:, and the
236:Hispaniola
229:woodpecker
160:Melanerpes
139:Piciformes
455:2246/2748
167:Species:
105:Kingdom:
99:Eukaryota
962:11332591
942:Wikidata
843:22680834
817:11193550
729:22680834
724:BirdLife
674:Q1569617
668:Wikidata
145:Family:
119:Chordata
115:Phylum:
109:Animalia
95:Domain:
72:IUCN 3.1
869:hiswoo1
791:2478123
765:hiswoo1
739:hiswoo1
711:Avibase
550:1366337
496:1369572
338:Nesting
271:Ecology
232:endemic
201:, 1776)
155:Genus:
149:Picidae
135:Order:
125:Class:
70: (
908:372034
895:122919
856:177297
830:553987
778:MLANST
626:-(2),
620:Stamps
548:
494:
423:
882:70593
812:IRMNG
804:18180
760:eBird
752:3Z72S
736:BOW:
628:Haiti
622:(for
592:(PDF)
546:JSTOR
492:JSTOR
244:Haiti
957:GBIF
851:NCBI
838:IUCN
825:ITIS
786:GBIF
773:EPPO
421:ISBN
393:2021
376:2018
246:).
242:and
217:The
129:Aves
747:CoL
698:ADW
538:doi
519:doi
482:doi
451:hdl
380:doi
38:In
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
