805:: the communications-based ETCS Level 2 signalling system is the other component, which makes use of the radio network. Trains can operate using either signalling system. Domestic TGVs use TVM-430, while TGV POS trainsets that operate into Germany use ETCS Level 2. ETCS Level 2 and TVM-430 use the same block sections, but use different means (radio links for ETCS, and track-to-train transmission for TVM-430) to transmit signal information to trains. Since ERTMS is mandated for eventual adoption throughout the European Union, similar installations including ETCS signalling are expected on future LGVs.
824:
839:
782:(non-passable) the block section is not permissive, and the driver must obtain authorisation from the PAR, "Poste d'Aiguillage et de RĂ©gulation" (Signalling and Control Centre), before entering. Once a route is set or the PAR has provided authorisation, a white lamp above the board is lit to inform the driver. The driver acknowledges the authorisation by a button on the control panel. This disables the emergency braking, which would otherwise occur when passing over the ground loop adjacent to the Nf board.
629:
814:
323:
65:
250:
2767:
24:
431:(cant), since all trains are travelling at the same (high) speed and a train stopping on a curve is a very rare event. Curve radii in high-speed lines have to be large, but increasing the superelevation allows for tighter curves while supporting the same train speed. Allowance for tighter curves can reduce construction costs by reducing the number and/or length of tunnels or viaducts and the volume of earthworks.
732:
232:
753:" (track-to-train transmission) is used for signalling. Information is transmitted to trains by electrical pulses sent through the rails, providing speed, target speed, and stop/go indications directly to the driver via dashboard-mounted instruments. This high degree of automation does not eliminate driver control, though there are safeguards that can safely stop the train in the event of driver error.
167:
1139:
2781:
495:
exceeds 20 t. The only freight trains that are generally permitted are mail trains run by the French postal service, using specially adapted TGV rolling stock. TGV power cars, the lightweight streamlined locomotives at both ends of TGV trainsets, are within the 17 t limit, but special design efforts were needed (a 'hunt for kilograms',
2727:
end or start in towns like
Frankfurt, Bremen and Dresden. Large cities along the routes such as Nuremberg, Stuttgart, Frankfurt, Essen, Dortmund, Hannover, Leipzig and Frankfurt and Bremen are served by almost all ICE that pass these towns, whereas bypasses for passenger traffic usually do not exist.
2726:
in
Germany: German ICE lines usually connect major final stations like Cologne/DĂŒsseldorf, Hamburg, Berlin, Munich and Basel every hour with a couple of intermediate stops, except for trains that would depart too early or arrive too late at the respective ends of the ICE line. To a lesser extent ICEs
2083:
announced that it expected to start work on a second LGV between Paris and Lyon between 2020 and 2030. The train line would run via Orléans and
Clermont-Ferrand, at a length of 410 km, and is expected to cost âŹ12bn. The route will be known as LGV POCL (Paris, OrlĂ©ans, Clermont-Ferrand and Lyon).
687:
that would cause the wires to break. This was a problem when rail speed record attempts were made in 1990; tension had to be increased further still to accommodate train speeds of over 500 km/h (311 mph). On LGVs only the rear pantograph is raised, avoiding amplification of the oscillations
486:
LGVs are reserved primarily for TGVs. One reason for this is that line capacity is sharply reduced when trains of differing speeds are mixed, as the interval between two trains then needs to be large enough that the faster one cannot over-take the slower one between two passing loops. Passing freight
418:
than normal. This facilitates planning and reduces their cost of construction. The high power/weight and adhesive weight/total weight ratios of TGVs allow them to climb much steeper grades than conventional trains. The considerable momentum at high speeds also helps to climb these slopes very quickly
785:
When trains enter or leave LGVs they pass over a ground loop that automatically switches the driver's dashboard indicators to the appropriate signalling system. For example, a train leaving an LGV for a "ligne classique" has its TVM system deactivated and its traditional KVB "ContrĂŽle de
Vitesse par
773:
and
Belgium, and supplies trains with more information than TVM-300. Among other benefits, TVM-430 allows a train's onboard computer to generate a continuous speed control curve in the event of an emergency brake activation, effectively forcing the driver to reduce speed safely without releasing the
761:
placement, speed restrictions, the top speed of the train and distance from the end of the LGV. As trains cannot usually stop within one signal block, which can range in length from a few hundred metres to a few kilometres, drivers are alerted to slow gradually several blocks before a required stop.
542:
for allocation purposes is the time taken by a
Eurotunnel shuttle train (maximum speed 140 km/h (87 mph)) to traverse the tunnel. A single Eurostar running at 160 km/h (99 mph) occupies 2.67 standard paths; a second Eurostar running 3 minutes behind the first "costs" only a
470:
or 'moveable point frog'), which eliminates the gap in rail support that causes shock and vibration as wheels of a train pass over the 'frog' of conventional points. Eliminating these gaps makes the passage of a TGV over LGV switches imperceptible to passengers, reduces stresses on wheels and track,
777:
The signalling system is normally permissive: the driver of a train is permitted to proceed into an occupied block section without first obtaining authorisation. Speed is limited to 30 km/h (19 mph), and if it exceeds 35 km/h (22 mph) the emergency brake is applied. If the board
877:
LGV route designers have tended to build new intermediate stations in suburban areas or in the open countryside several kilometers away from cities. This allows TGVs to stop without incurring too great a time penalty, since more time is spent on high-speed track; in addition, many cities' stations
756:
An LGV is divided into signal blocks of about 1500 m (â1 mile) with the boundaries marked by blue boards with a yellow triangle. Dashboard instruments show the maximum permitted speed for the current block and a target speed based on the profile of the line ahead. The speeds are based on
494:
on LGV lines is 17 t, imposed to prevent heavy rolling stock from prematurely damaging the very accurate track alignment ('surface') required for high-speed operation. Conventional trains hauled by locomotives are generally not allowed, since the axle load of a typical
European electric locomotive
906:
fields during construction. That said, the station is now used by a reasonable number of people, especially impressive as it has no service to Paris (so not to extract passengers from Amiens station). This nickname is now applied to similar stations away from town and city centres, whether in the
506:
The steep gradients common on LGVs would limit the weight of slow freight trains. Slower trains would also mean that the maximum track cant (banking on curves) would be limited, so for the same maximum speed a mixed-traffic LGV would need to be built with curves of even larger radius. Such track
471:
and permits much higher speeds, 160 km/h (99 mph). At junctions, such as the junction on the TGV Atlantique where the line to Le Mans diverges from the line to Tours, special points designed for higher speeds are installed which permit a diverging speed of 574 km/h (357 mph).
537:
and
British High Speed 1 planned to carry 200 and 225 km/h (124 and 140 mph) domestic intercity services respectively and 300 km/h (186 mph) international services. The Channel Tunnel is not an LGV, but it uses LGV-type TVM signalling for mixed freight, shuttle and Eurostar
543:
single additional path, so
Eurostar services are often flighted 3 minutes apart between London and Lille. A freight train running at 120 km/h (75 mph) occupies 1.33 paths, at 100 km/h (62 mph) 3 paths. This illustrates the problem of mixed traffic at different speeds.
2717:
fields at the time it opened) well outside the built up area but conveniently located along the existing LGV. All this speeds up travel time between Paris and the respective final destinations and probably avoids a lower use of capacity at the far end of train routes, beyond a significant
383:
The newest high-speed lines allow speeds of 320 km/h (199 mph) in normal operation: originally LGVs were defined as lines permitting speeds greater than 200 km/h (124 mph), revised to 250 km/h (155 mph). Like most high-speed trains in Europe, TGVs also run on
450:
60) is used and the rails are more upright, with an inclination of 1 in 40 as opposed to 1 in 20 on normal lines. Use of continuously welded rails in place of shorter, jointed rails yields a comfortable ride at high speed, without the "clickety-clack" vibrations induced by rail joints.
2721:
A few TGV (or their Ouigo substitutes) also bypass Paris when connecting e.g. Bordeaux with Lille, the
Mediterranean with Lille, Marseilles with Rennes and Bordeaux with Strasbourg. (All examples from 2021 timetable.) This approach is quite different from the operational scheme of
290:
In addition to serving destinations across France, the high-speed rail system is also connected to the United Kingdom, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. The SNCF, France's state-owned rail company, operates both a premium service
2718:
intermediate destination. However, this results in less services between the towns apart from Paris, even if they are situated along the same LGV (e.g. Tours to Bordeaux or Lyon to Marseille), and thus also less suitable interconnections to and between secondary lines.
266:
lines. As of June 2021, the French high-speed rail network comprises 2,800 km (1,740 mi) of tracks, making it one of the largest in Europe and the world. As of early 2023, new lines are being constructed or planned. The first French high-speed railway, the
2734:
dating back to the 19th century, before the formation of SNCF. Therefore, most trips on the TGV which require a connection in Paris require passengers to travel from one terminus to the other via metro or taxi. This is unlike the situation in Germany with
1156:(LGV), with four additional line sections under construction. The current lines and those under construction can be grouped into four routes radiating from Paris and one that currently only connects to Paris through a section of classical track:
532:
Outside France, LGV-type lines often carry non-TGV intercity traffic, often as a requirement of the initial funding commitments. The Belgian LGV from Brussels to LiĂšge carries 200 km/h (124 mph) loco-hauled trains, with both the Dutch
1976:
announced a plan to "reassess" planned LGV construction, implying that many of the projects listed here will be delayed or not constructed at all. Contrary to this, the French government confirmed 5 new lines in late summer 2018.
2093:
The table shows minimum travel times between cities with direct high-speed trains (note: certain cities are linked by high-speed trains which do not travel at high-speed, for example Bordeaux-Toulouse and Marseille-Nice).
388:), at the normal maximum speed for those lines, up to 220 km/h (137 mph). This allows them to reach secondary destinations or city centres without building new tracks all the way, reducing costs compared to the
2694:, while some stop at the station of Saint-Pierre-des-Corps, a suburb of Tours. Other TGV serve only Paris to Tours, ending in the central station of Tours. Even Lyon (with a population of 1.4 million people in the
3062:
914:, opened in 2001, has been praised as one of the most remarkable stations on the network, with a spectacular 340 m (1,115 ft 6 in)-long glazed roof that has been compared to that of a cathedral.
898:. The press and local authorities criticised Haute Picardie as being too far from either town to be convenient, and too far from connecting railway lines to be useful for travellers. The station was nicknamed
774:
brake by displaying the Flashing Signal Aspects on the speedometer. When the flashing signal is displayed, the driver must apply the brake and target speed will be more constrained at the next block section.
3039:
2065:
would run from Paris to Rouen, Le Havre, Caen and Cherbourg. The line would have a stop in La DĂ©fense where it would meet with a proposed link to LGV Nord and a proposed Eurostar service to terminate in La
1403:
by 60 km towards the Spanish border; opened on 12 December 2017 for freight (July 2018 for passengers). It is however currently limited to a maximum speed of 220 km/h, since the installation of
2069:
411:
felt by passengers. The radii of LGV curves have historically been greater than 4 km (2.5 mi): new lines have minimum radii of 7 km (4.3 mi) to allow for future increases in speed.
1008:
since 1996, with services from Paris-Nord, Marne-la-Vallée, Lille-Europe, Calais-Fréthun and Brussels (Belgium) to the UK. Seasonal services to the French Alps and to the south of France use the
3390:
692:
sufficiently between the front and rear power cars (British designers were wary of running a high-power line through passenger carriages, thus the centrally located power cars in the ill-fated
2682:
Most TGV operate more or less point to point from Paris to a final destination, or run significant distances from Paris without any stop before they serve a couple of stations. There is no
474:
The diameter of tunnels is greater than normally required by the size of the trains, especially at entrances. This limits the effects of air pressure changes and noise pollution such as
2890:
3300:
2702:, which rather have a first stop at Avignon TGV or even Marseille, or at Valence TGV for trains to Montpellier. On the other hand, most trains that link Paris with Lyon end at
446:
per kilometre than normal, and all are made of concrete, either mono- or bi-bloc, the latter consisting of two separate blocks of concrete joined by a steel bar. Heavy rail (
2706:
station and their majority runs non-stop. LGV bypasses of most cities support this scheme, so that only trains destined to these towns leave the LGV at the respective exit.
3610:
3330:
3193:
3066:
303:, centered on Paris. Besides its main operator, the SNCF, it is also used by Eurostar, Thalys, Deutsche Bahn, Trenitalia France, RENFE, and the Swiss Federal Railways.
4581:
2824:
3360:
3575:
3570:
3047:
392:
project in Japan, for example, or complete high-speed networks with a different gauge from the surrounding conventional networks, in Spain and Japan, for example.
3429:
188:
4507:
3228:
688:
created by a front pantograph. The front power car is supplied by a cable along the roof of the train. Eurostar trains are long enough that oscillations are
2743:(both built in the 21st century) serving virtually all high speed trains in the capital or the situation in Spain where a tunnel linking the former termini
3460:
878:
are stub-ends, while LGVs frequently bypass cities. In some cases, stations have been built halfway between two communities, such as the station serving
696:), so the two power cars could be connected without a high voltage cable through passenger vehicles. The same applies when two TGVs run in multiple. On
3398:
3260:
2035:), second phase of the eastern branch construction initially planned to start in 2014, but funding is unclear for the western and southern branches.
400:
312:
2939:
2900:
2074:
487:
and passenger trains also constitute a safety risk, as cargo on freight cars could be destabilised by the air turbulence caused by the TGV.
419:
without greatly increasing energy consumption. The Paris-Sud-Est LGV has gradients of up to 3.5% (on the German NBS high-speed line between
3759:
3533:
1817:
1336:
1214:
1076:
3308:
3137:
757:
factors such as the proximity of trains ahead (with steadily decreasing speeds permitted in blocks closer to the rear of the next train),
2686:
in the sense it is used in Germany, Britain, the Netherlands or Switzerland or for urban rail in France. For example, TGV from Paris to
2014:
129:
4651:
344:
82:
37:
175:
101:
4709:
3818:
2921:
1396:
3538:
1790:
1763:
1562:
700:, slower maximum speeds prevent oscillation problems, and on DC lines both pantographs must be raised to draw sufficient current.
515:
3453:
1759:
866:
is that TGVs can use existing infrastructure at its lower design speed. This makes connecting city centre stations such as Paris-
802:
108:
4833:
4658:
3203:
3338:
3165:
3087:
2084:
Four potential routes are being studied as of 2011, with consultations continuing into 2012. Work would not start before 2025.
4838:
4748:
1826:
1511:
4608:
115:
3600:
2000:
874:
by TGV a simple and inexpensive proposition, using existing intra-city tracks and stations built for conventional trains.
4869:
3368:
3278:
300:
3108:
2866:
2748:
1507:
4894:
4791:
3446:
3013:"Gee whizz! Jonathan Glancey takes in three stunning new TGV stations as he hurtles towards the CĂŽte d'Azur at 200 mph"
2231:
97:
3554:
1944:
1799:
1123:
370:
213:
148:
51:
1704:
352:
4527:
2804:
3238:
2411:
1736:
1316:
1107:
447:
640:
4828:
4676:
2186:
660:
348:
86:
43:
4703:
4670:
4335:
3811:
3585:
3580:
3488:
3233:
3198:
3170:
3142:
2895:
2744:
1981:
1860:
1625:
1405:
1378:
1169:
794:
1795:
1044:
As part of their service cooperation with SNCF Voyageurs between France and Germany (formerly named Alleo),
526:
to London has been built with passing loops to support freight use, but this facility is used infrequently.
4855:
4645:
1673:
442:, resulting in increased load-bearing capacity and track stability. LGV track is anchored by more sleepers/
4807:
4692:
4681:
4631:
4238:
4040:
2141:
1732:
1603:
3012:
4769:
4759:
4754:
4741:
4735:
4729:
2321:
122:
4823:
4813:
4801:
4796:
4785:
4774:
4720:
4698:
4602:
4595:
4588:
3882:
3785:
3605:
3528:
2794:
2632:
2043:
1995:
1590:
1360:
1165:
863:
750:
740:
389:
284:
1460:
4818:
4779:
4639:
4626:
4563:
4290:
4275:
3804:
3595:
2969:
2587:
1906:
910:
New railway stations have been built for TGVs, some of which are major architectural achievements.
693:
408:
333:
4618:
4519:
4325:
4036:
2947:
1448:
887:
337:
180:
75:
3981:
745:
Because TGVs on LGVs travel too fast for their drivers to see and react to traditional lineside
4686:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4362:
4285:
4032:
4000:
3996:
3780:
3648:
3643:
3498:
2366:
1677:
1669:
1502:
1306:
1221:
1111:
1025:
1021:
1005:
958:
3845:
1960:
407:
of curves are larger so that trains can traverse them at higher speeds without increasing the
4405:
4401:
4226:
4222:
4218:
4214:
4191:
4175:
4028:
3965:
3905:
3901:
3503:
2683:
1723:
1400:
1339:(Spain to France) (construction finished 17 February 2009, TGV service from 19 December 2010)
1312:
1258:
1206:
1072:
1017:
978:
871:
439:
4413:
4409:
4315:
4234:
4230:
4209:
4205:
4048:
4044:
3775:
3658:
2799:
2276:
1868:
1456:
895:
857:
712:
are not permitted and overbridges have sensors to detect objects that fall onto the track.
2695:
1599:
8:
4397:
4062:
3687:
2740:
2736:
2709:
Some cities are mostly served by TGVs through so called "beetroot stations" (named after
1728:
1708:
1646:
1614:
1579:
1550:
911:
817:
475:
1630:
4491:
4423:
4305:
4295:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4139:
3977:
3973:
3961:
3957:
2710:
2499:
879:
823:
463:
4066:
3702:
3653:
3518:
1699:
1282:
1202:
1068:
1013:
974:
4392:
4257:
4252:
4164:
3991:
3726:
3721:
2723:
1864:
1822:
1539:
1535:
1268:
1127:
1091:
672:
3513:
2020:
1754:
1342:
1286:
1229:
1210:
966:
4248:
4058:
3986:
2731:
1856:
1595:
1326:
838:
716:
428:
238:
4447:
4433:
4428:
4195:
4018:
3969:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3853:
3827:
3670:
2080:
1973:
1571:
1452:
1150:
758:
720:
455:
280:
263:
2848:
4309:
4280:
4155:
4120:
4102:
3837:
3748:
3677:
3483:
2752:
1930:
1895:
1783:
1638:
1530:
1390:
1372:
1264:
1161:
1119:
927:
770:
746:
709:
668:
523:
778:
marking the entrance to the block section is accompanied by a sign marked Nf,
4888:
4452:
4418:
4377:
4344:
4340:
4299:
4186:
4133:
3951:
3626:
3116:
2873:
2786:
2772:
2703:
2699:
2062:
1634:
1566:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1232:
connects Strasbourg and Lyon, still mostly on classical tracks, and Paris to
1080:
1045:
689:
684:
671:
wires are kept at a greater mechanical tension than normal lines because the
443:
435:
415:
3438:
1926:
1891:
1779:
1495:
769:
and TVM-300, are in use. TVM-430 was first installed on the LGV Nord to the
4372:
4367:
4243:
4087:
4074:
4014:
3744:
3697:
3631:
3590:
3017:
2048:
1665:
1444:
1296:
1254:
1180:
1103:
867:
850:
519:
3419:
The table is based on SNCF, Eurostar, Thalys timetables (Winter 2020-2021)
4053:
3946:
3523:
1660:
1487:
1250:
1198:
1099:
1009:
962:
939:
676:
510:
Some stretches of less-used LGV are routinely mixed-traffic, such as the
268:
2825:"TGV at 40: Its latest model is launching into an age of global rivalry"
1952:
1233:
1115:
628:
4664:
4496:
4125:
4082:
4078:
4070:
3910:
3858:
3714:
3692:
3682:
2755:
allowing through service with high speed trains is under construction.
2714:
1918:
1914:
1902:
1883:
1879:
1837:
1810:
1771:
1747:
1716:
1692:
1688:
1618:
1583:
1554:
1483:
1330:
1146:
In June 2021 there were approximately 2,800 km (1,740 mi) of
1095:
1053:
903:
883:
539:
529:
Maintenance on LGVs is carried out at night, when no TGVs are running.
500:
3063:"LGV Est Phase 2 opening completes Paris â Strasbourg high speed line"
1984:, the last gap in Europe's longest high-speed route between Paris and
813:
4486:
4382:
4097:
4023:
3915:
3863:
3709:
2974:
2004:
954:
931:
930:
is the main high-speed train operator in France, with its main brand
503:
trains within the 17 t limit when they were introduced in the 1990s.
491:
424:
292:
1985:
538:
traffic at between 100 and 160 km/h (60 and 100 mph). The
427:
they reach 4%). On a high-speed line it is possible to have greater
322:
64:
4557:
3867:
3638:
3508:
2687:
2039:
2032:
1439:
1368:
1354:
1292:
1237:
1176:
1033:
1001:
997:
970:
842:
832:
664:
534:
3796:
514:
branch of the LGV Atlantique and the currently under construction
434:
Track alignment is more precise than on normal railway lines, and
249:
4387:
4181:
3493:
1989:
1922:
1887:
1851:
1775:
1491:
1408:
Level 2 allowing speeds up to 300 km/h is yet to be planned.
1382:
1322:
1276:
1191:
1049:
1029:
986:
982:
943:
790:
766:
420:
166:
4442:
4438:
4353:
4200:
4092:
3872:
2730:
The vast majority of TGVs serving Paris stop at one of the old
2056:
2052:
1386:
1300:
891:
846:
828:
404:
797:
Level 2 signalling together with TVM-430. It is equipped with
731:
708:
LGVs are fenced to prevent trespassing by animals and people.
231:
4357:
4349:
4320:
4171:
4167:
4010:
4005:
3754:
3665:
3430:"Thalys : Bordeaux-Bruxelles en 4h dĂšs juin 2019 !"
2691:
2028:
1956:
1364:
1350:
1333:) (first section opened 2007, 2nd section opened 3 July 2016)
1309:(LGV Sud-Est to LGV Nord Europe, east of Paris) (opened 1994)
1272:
1184:
1138:
1064:
935:
798:
511:
296:
272:
862:
One of the main advantages of TGV over technologies such as
4129:
3261:"Macron Considers Cuts to $ 34 Billion Infrastructure Plan"
2891:"Integrating ETCS Level 2 together with TVM-430 on TGV Est"
2059:), cutting off the corner of the LGV Nord-Europe via Lille.
2024:
2008:
1948:
1346:
680:
299:). The French national high-speed rail network follows the
276:
3391:"Paris to Clermont-Ferrand high speed line plans outlined"
2780:
2011:), would reduce ParisâNice travel times from 5h25 to 3h50.
938:. It uses a variety of TGV type trains, from the original
4330:
403:
has a few key differences from normal railway lines. The
4508:
Experimental and prototype high-speed trains (category)
2996:"Les gares nouvelles de Provence du TGV Méditerranée".
683:
must travel faster than the train to avoid producing
2762:
507:
would be much more expensive to build and maintain.
3103:
3101:
2946:(in French) (1682). 9 December 2004. Archived from
1375:(also called LGV Sud-Ouest); opened on 2 July 2017.
89:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4886:
3098:
1224:connects LGV Sud-Est to LGV Nord around Paris.
786:Balises" (beacon speed control) system enabled.
723:or tunnels, eliminating crossings on the level.
401:High-speed railway track construction in France
313:High-speed railway track construction in France
279:, opened in 1981 and was at that time the only
3279:"France Approves Route for Marseille-Nice TGV"
3223:
3221:
2698:) is bypassed by many TGV on their way to the
3812:
3468:
3454:
3138:"Extra funds will speed up French investment"
1315:(An extension of LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes: Valence to
3271:
3186:
3032:
1148:
3218:
801:radio communications, one component of the
351:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
52:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3819:
3805:
3461:
3447:
585:consecutive "flighted pair" at same speed
478:, which can be problematic at TGV speeds.
3158:
902:('beet station') as it was surrounded by
462:. Every LGV set of points incorporates a
371:Learn how and when to remove this message
214:Learn how and when to remove this message
149:Learn how and when to remove this message
2940:""Terre des sens" sur de nouveaux rails"
2922:"EC sets out ERTMS deployment deadlines"
2079:On 30 July 2010, the government of then
1399:extending the south-western stub of the
1371:), extending the southern branch of the
1137:
837:
822:
812:
730:
599:optimal usage, all trains at same speed
191:of all important aspects of the article.
3010:
2070:LGV Paris Orléans Clermont-Ferrand Lyon
1389:), extending the western branch of the
1357:), first phase opened 11 December 2011.
957:, a joint-company between SNCF and the
803:European Rail Traffic Management System
719:, the tracks crossing each other using
4887:
1319:) with a branch to NĂźmes (opened 2001)
499:) to keep the mass of the double-deck
481:
187:Please consider expanding the lead to
3800:
3442:
3000:(in French) (3): 49â51. January 2001.
2822:
1938:
518:of the LGV Mediterranée. The British
3194:"Three shortlisted for LGV Bretagne"
1086:
623:
349:adding citations to reliable sources
316:
160:
87:adding citations to reliable sources
58:
17:
4870:Proposed high-speed rail by country
3826:
749:, an automated system called TVM, "
13:
3281:. The Transport Politic. July 2009
3011:Glancey, Jonathan (22 July 2001).
989:are used by Lyria on these lines.
981:since 2012. It did operate on the
14:
4906:
3337:. 16 October 2009. Archived from
3331:"Normandie upgrading moves ahead"
3166:"Funding agreed for LGV Bretagne"
3088:"TGV tickets to Figueres on sale"
2015:LGV Sud Europe Atlantique Phase 3
1244:
922:
571:"catches up" with earlier trains
255:A Ouigo train in Marseille (2022)
33:This article has multiple issues.
4528:List of high-speed railway lines
2805:Trans-European Transport Network
2779:
2765:
2749:Madrid ChamartĂn railway station
1967:
1039:
934:, as well as its low-cost brand
907:vicinity of beet fields or not.
627:
458:are different from those on the
321:
248:
230:
165:
63:
22:
3422:
3413:
3383:
3353:
3323:
3293:
3253:
3130:
3080:
3054:
2088:
619:
395:
179:may be too short to adequately
74:needs additional citations for
41:or discuss these issues on the
3601:LGV Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
3367:. 30 July 2010. Archived from
3202:. 29 June 2009. Archived from
3060:
3004:
2989:
2970:"Party like a pope in Avignon"
2962:
2932:
2914:
2883:
2859:
2841:
2816:
2001:LGV Provence-Alpes-CĂŽte d'Azur
1261:), the first LGV (opened 1981)
1102:since 2021 with services from
262:France has a large network of
189:provide an accessible overview
1:
3489:LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire
3397:. 1 June 2011. Archived from
3395:Railway Gazette International
3365:Railway Gazette International
3335:Railway Gazette International
3305:Railway Gazette International
3237:. 2 June 2008. Archived from
3234:Railway Gazette International
3199:Railway Gazette International
3171:Railway Gazette International
3143:Railway Gazette International
3092:Railway Gazette International
2926:Railway Gazette International
2899:. 1 June 2007. Archived from
2896:Railway Gazette International
2823:Coste, Vincent (2021-09-17).
2810:
2745:Madrid Atocha railway station
2677:
1959:), connecting to the Italian
1876:320 km/h (200 mph)
1834:320 km/h (200 mph)
1807:220 km/h (140 mph)
1744:320 km/h (200 mph)
1685:300 km/h (190 mph)
1626:LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire
1611:320 km/h (200 mph)
1547:300 km/h (190 mph)
1468:300 km/h (190 mph)
1379:LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire
1170:LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire
942:, introduced in 1981, to the
795:European Train Control System
726:
703:
414:LGVs can incorporate steeper
384:conventional tracks (French:
4537:By countries and territories
3361:"SNIT makes rail a priority"
2690:and beyond generally bypass
2017:(Bordeaux to Spanish Border)
1142:Overview of French TGV lines
917:
7:
4542:planned networks in italics
3620:Operators and rolling stock
2849:"The TGV Signalling System"
2758:
1179:to Brussels, connecting to
992:
827:TGV RĂ©seau trainset 540 at
808:
613:"holds up" train behind it
438:is in a deeper-than-normal
98:"High-speed rail in France"
10:
4911:
3564:Planned or projected lines
1508:AĂ©roport Charles de Gaulle
1194:to Strasbourg and Germany.
1133:
855:
849:PBA side by side in Paris
738:
310:
4895:High-speed rail in France
4865:
4847:
4719:
4617:
4573:
4550:
4536:
4518:
4505:
4266:
4111:
4059:TGV Sud-Est (refurbished)
3924:
3890:
3881:
3844:
3834:
3786:Transmission Voie-Machine
3768:
3738:Adjacent high-speed lines
3737:
3619:
3586:Paris â Normandy new line
3581:LGV MontpellierâPerpignan
3563:
3547:
3529:LGV Sud Europe Atlantique
3476:
3470:High-speed rail in France
2998:Bulletin Annuel de l'AFGC
2795:High-speed rail in Europe
1982:LGV MontpellierâPerpignan
1972:In 2017 French President
1875:
1850:
1843:
1743:
1684:
1652:
1610:
1591:LGV Sud Europe Atlantique
1546:
1529:
1522:
1467:
1431:
1418:Connected cities/stations
1361:LGV Sud Europe Atlantique
1166:LGV Sud Europe Atlantique
751:Transmission Voie-Machine
741:Transmission Voie-Machine
576:Eurostar (second of pair)
390:magnetic levitation train
306:
271:, linking the suburbs of
4458:British Rail Classes 800
2713:which was surrounded by
1397:NĂźmes-Montpellier bypass
1393:; opened on 2 July 2017.
1059:
949:
694:Advanced Passenger Train
516:NĂźmes/Montpellier branch
409:centripetal acceleration
295:) and a budget service (
4520:High-speed railway line
4368:NSB Class 71 (Flytoget)
3548:Line under construction
3534:LGV PerpignanâBarcelona
1791:LGV NĂźmes â Montpellier
1737:Marseille-Saint-Charles
1317:Marseille-Saint-Charles
1172:to Bordeaux and Rennes.
1151:Lignes Ă Grande Vitesse
1004:since 1994, and on the
985:between 2007 and 2011.
946:"Euroduplex", in 2011.
735:Signalling block marker
4249:TGV Sud-Est (original)
3781:TGV track construction
3576:LGV Interconnexion Sud
3499:LGV Interconnexion Est
1818:LGV PerpignanâFigueres
1512:Marne-la-VallĂ©eâChessy
1503:LGV Interconnexion Est
1337:LGV PerpignanâFigueres
1307:LGV Interconnexion Est
1222:LGV Interconnexion Est
1215:LGV PerpignanâFigueres
1149:
1143:
1077:LGV PerpignanâFigueres
1006:LGV Interconnexion Est
959:Swiss Federal Railways
900:la gare des betteraves
853:
835:
820:
736:
715:All LGV junctions are
385:
237:Three TGVs at Paris's
4215:Shinkansen Series 200
4029:Shinkansen Series 500
3902:China Railway CR400AF
3611:LGV ToulouseâNarbonne
3606:LGV BordeauxâToulouse
3539:LGV NĂźmesâMontpellier
3229:"Long-term TGV plans"
3050:on December 12, 2007.
2684:Clock-face scheduling
2044:LGV BordeauxâToulouse
1996:LGV BordeauxâToulouse
1424:Operating speed (max)
1141:
841:
826:
816:
789:The most recent LGV,
734:
679:in the wire, and the
468:coeur Ă pointe mobile
311:Further information:
4192:Renfe Class 120, 121
3934:Renfe Class 100, 101
3916:Shinkansen Series L0
3596:LGV PoitiersâLimoges
3301:"Bordeaux â Espagne"
2800:Main Line for Europe
1052:since 2007. It uses
936:Ouigo Grande Vitesse
858:List of TGV stations
345:improve this section
83:improve this article
4398:Shinkansen series 0
3760:PerpignanâBarcelona
3341:on 25 November 2009
3094:. 24 November 2010.
2950:on October 23, 2005
2879:on August 13, 2011.
2741:Vienna main station
2737:Berlin main station
1654:South-east corridor
1604:Bordeaux-Saint-Jean
1524:South-west corridor
1209:to Marseille, plus
912:Avignon TGV station
864:magnetic levitation
818:Avignon TGV station
793:, is equipped with
665:25 kV 50 Hz AC
604:Multi-modal freight
482:Traffic limitations
301:spoke-and-hub model
4296:China Railway DJJ1
4269:(124â155 mph)
4114:(155â186 mph)
4083:M (Avelia Horizon)
3927:(186â217 mph)
3571:LGV BordeauxâSpain
2711:Haute Picardie TGV
1939:Under construction
1865:Les Trois-Domaines
1705:Lyon-Saint-Exupéry
1536:Paris-Montparnasse
1144:
1104:Paris Gare de Lyon
1098:, operates on the
1094:, a subsidiary of
1079:since 2023, using
961:, operates on the
880:Montceau-les-Mines
854:
836:
821:
737:
639:. You can help by
590:Eurotunnel Shuttle
464:swingnose crossing
460:lignes Classique's
4882:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4544:
4514:
4513:
4267:200â249 km/h
4112:250â299 km/h
3925:300â349 km/h
3883:High-speed trains
3794:
3793:
3727:Frecciarossa 1000
3722:Trenitalia France
3146:. 4 February 2009
2732:terminus stations
2696:MĂ©tropole de Lyon
2675:
2674:
2081:President Sarkozy
1936:
1935:
1827:FigueresâVilafant
1561:Southern branch:
1269:Gare Montparnasse
1128:Frecciarossa 1000
1124:Torino Porta Susa
1092:Trenitalia France
1087:Trenitalia France
780:non-franchissable
698:lignes classiques
657:
656:
617:
616:
386:lignes classiques
381:
380:
373:
224:
223:
216:
206:
205:
159:
158:
151:
133:
56:
4902:
4548:
4547:
4540:
4492:Voyager/Meridian
4160:CR300AF, CR300BF
4093:Thalys PBA, PBKA
3888:
3887:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3798:
3797:
3504:LGV Méditerranée
3477:Lines in service
3463:
3456:
3449:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3433:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3371:on 9 August 2020
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3311:on 22 April 2012
3307:. Archived from
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3275:
3269:
3268:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3241:on 1 August 2009
3225:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3211:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3115:. Archived from
3105:
3096:
3095:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3065:. Archived from
3058:
3052:
3051:
3046:. Archived from
3036:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2872:. Archived from
2871:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2855:. 23 April 1998.
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2820:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2775:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2739:or Austria with
2097:
2096:
2078:
1907:Strasbourg-Ville
1724:LGV Méditerranée
1631:Sablé-sur-Sarthe
1570:Western branch:
1412:
1411:
1401:LGV Méditerranée
1313:LGV Méditerranée
1207:LGV Méditerranée
1154:
1073:LGV Méditerranée
1067:operates on the
1048:operates on the
1018:LGV Méditerranée
1000:operates on the
979:LGV Méditerranée
969:since 2011, the
965:since 1993, the
890:station between
652:
649:
631:
624:
546:
545:
540:standard pathway
497:chasse aux kilos
376:
369:
365:
362:
356:
325:
317:
252:
234:
219:
212:
201:
198:
192:
169:
161:
154:
147:
143:
140:
134:
132:
91:
67:
59:
48:
26:
25:
18:
4910:
4909:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4874:
4861:
4843:
4715:
4613:
4569:
4539:
4538:
4532:
4510:
4501:
4448:Z-TER (Z 21500)
4268:
4262:
4113:
4107:
4019:KTX-Cheongryong
3926:
3920:
3894:
3892:
3877:
3840:
3830:
3828:High-speed rail
3825:
3795:
3790:
3764:
3733:
3671:Renfe Class 100
3615:
3559:
3543:
3519:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
3472:
3467:
3437:
3432:. 19 June 2018.
3428:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3404:
3402:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3329:
3328:
3324:
3314:
3312:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3282:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3267:. 28 June 2017.
3259:
3258:
3254:
3244:
3242:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3209:
3207:
3206:on May 10, 2010
3192:
3191:
3187:
3177:
3175:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3122:
3120:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3072:
3070:
3061:UK, DVV Media.
3059:
3055:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3023:
3021:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2953:
2951:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2928:. 31 July 2009.
2920:
2919:
2915:
2906:
2904:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2876:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2833:
2831:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2680:
2091:
2072:
1974:Emmanuel Macron
1970:
1941:
1733:Aix-en-Provence
1700:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
1569:
1427:Type of trains
1303:) (opened 1993)
1289:) (opened 1992)
1283:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
1279:) (opened 1990)
1247:
1203:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
1136:
1108:Milano Centrale
1089:
1069:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
1062:
1042:
1014:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
995:
975:LGV RhĂŽne-Alpes
952:
925:
920:
860:
811:
743:
729:
717:grade-separated
710:Level crossings
706:
653:
647:
644:
637:needs expansion
622:
484:
398:
377:
366:
360:
357:
342:
326:
315:
309:
281:high-speed rail
264:high-speed rail
260:
259:
258:
257:
256:
253:
244:
243:
242:
235:
220:
209:
208:
207:
202:
196:
193:
186:
174:This article's
170:
155:
144:
138:
135:
92:
90:
80:
68:
27:
23:
12:
11:
5:
4908:
4898:
4897:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4873:
4872:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4842:
4841:
4839:United Kingdom
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4749:Czech Republic
4745:
4738:
4733:
4725:
4723:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4667:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4643:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4623:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4599:
4592:
4585:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4560:
4554:
4552:
4545:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4524:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4347:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4310:China Railway
4300:China Railway
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4246:
4241:
4212:
4203:
4198:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4162:
4156:China Railway
4144:2A, 2B, 2E, 2G
4134:China Railway
4123:
4121:Avelia Liberty
4117:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4103:Siemens Velaro
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4056:
4051:
4026:
4021:
4008:
4003:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3952:China Railway
3949:
3944:
3930:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3898:
3896:
3893:(217 mph)
3885:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3870:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3838:rail transport
3835:
3832:
3831:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3801:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3749:Channel Tunnel
3741:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3688:TGV Atlantique
3685:
3678:SNCF Voyageurs
3675:
3674:
3673:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3632:ICE 3 Velaro D
3623:
3621:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3555:LGV LyonâTurin
3551:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3514:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3484:LGV Atlantique
3480:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3443:
3436:
3435:
3421:
3412:
3401:on 4 June 2011
3382:
3352:
3322:
3292:
3270:
3252:
3217:
3185:
3174:. 31 July 2008
3157:
3129:
3113:LGV Rhin-Rhone
3097:
3079:
3053:
3031:
3003:
2988:
2961:
2931:
2913:
2882:
2867:"ERTMS Levels"
2858:
2840:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2776:
2760:
2757:
2753:standard gauge
2679:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2067:
2060:
2046:
2036:
2021:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
2018:
2012:
1998:
1993:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1912:
1909:
1899:
1898:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1769:
1766:
1757:
1755:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
1751:
1750:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1678:Lyon-Part-Dieu
1663:
1657:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1577:
1574:
1558:
1557:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1533:
1531:LGV Atlantique
1527:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:North corridor
1429:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1394:
1391:LGV Atlantique
1376:
1373:LGV Atlantique
1358:
1343:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
1340:
1334:
1320:
1310:
1304:
1290:
1280:
1265:LGV Atlantique
1262:
1246:
1245:Existing lines
1243:
1242:
1241:
1230:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
1219:
1218:
1211:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
1195:
1188:
1183:to London and
1173:
1162:LGV Atlantique
1135:
1132:
1112:Lyon-Part-Dieu
1110:with stops in
1088:
1085:
1061:
1058:
1041:
1038:
994:
991:
967:LGV Rhin-RhĂŽne
951:
948:
928:SNCF Voyageurs
924:
923:SNCF Voyageurs
921:
919:
916:
888:Haute Picardie
856:Main article:
810:
807:
771:Channel Tunnel
765:Two versions,
739:Main article:
728:
725:
705:
702:
685:standing waves
655:
654:
634:
632:
621:
618:
615:
614:
611:
608:
605:
601:
600:
597:
594:
591:
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
573:
572:
569:
566:
563:
559:
558:
556:
553:
550:
524:Channel Tunnel
490:The permitted
483:
480:
429:superelevation
397:
394:
379:
378:
329:
327:
320:
308:
305:
254:
247:
246:
245:
236:
229:
228:
227:
226:
225:
222:
221:
204:
203:
183:the key points
173:
171:
164:
157:
156:
71:
69:
62:
57:
31:
30:
28:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4907:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4864:
4858:
4857:
4853:
4852:
4850:
4846:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4616:
4610:
4609:United States
4607:
4605:
4604:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4535:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4521:
4517:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4419:SBB RABDe 500
4417:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4342:
4341:InterCity 125
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4265:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4187:New Pendolino
4185:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4159:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4140:CRH1A, 1B, 1E
4138:
4137:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4110:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4015:II (Sancheon)
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3997:Eurostar e300
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3923:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3891:350 km/h
3889:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3829:
3822:
3817:
3815:
3810:
3808:
3803:
3802:
3799:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3649:Eurostar e320
3647:
3645:
3644:Eurostar e300
3642:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3627:Deutsche Bahn
3625:
3624:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3562:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3464:
3459:
3457:
3452:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3431:
3425:
3416:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3280:
3274:
3266:
3265:Bloomberg.com
3262:
3256:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3161:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3133:
3119:on 2012-03-06
3118:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3102:
3093:
3089:
3083:
3069:on 2016-07-05
3068:
3064:
3057:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2992:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2927:
2923:
2917:
2903:on 2015-05-19
2902:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2875:
2868:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2815:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2787:Trains portal
2782:
2777:
2774:
2773:France portal
2763:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2704:Lyon Perrache
2701:
2700:Mediterranean
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2082:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2063:LGV Normandie
2061:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2038:Extension to
2037:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1968:Planned lines
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1845:East corridor
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1327:Gare de l'Est
1324:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1259:Lyon-Perrache
1256:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1140:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1082:
1081:AVE Class 100
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1046:Deutsche Bahn
1040:Deutsche Bahn
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:Eurostar e300
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
915:
913:
908:
905:
901:
897:
896:Saint-Quentin
893:
889:
885:
881:
875:
873:
872:Lyon-Perrache
869:
865:
859:
852:
848:
844:
840:
834:
830:
825:
819:
815:
806:
804:
800:
796:
792:
787:
783:
781:
775:
772:
768:
763:
760:
754:
752:
748:
742:
733:
724:
722:
718:
713:
711:
701:
699:
695:
691:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
659:LGVs are all
651:
642:
638:
635:This section
633:
630:
626:
625:
612:
609:
607:120 km/h
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
593:140 km/h
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
579:160 km/h
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
565:160 km/h
564:
561:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
547:
544:
541:
536:
530:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
504:
502:
498:
493:
488:
479:
477:
472:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
449:
445:
441:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
417:
412:
410:
406:
402:
393:
391:
387:
375:
372:
364:
354:
350:
346:
340:
339:
335:
330:This section
328:
324:
319:
318:
314:
304:
302:
298:
294:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
251:
240:
239:Gare de l'Est
233:
218:
215:
200:
190:
184:
182:
177:
172:
168:
163:
162:
153:
150:
142:
139:November 2021
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
114:
110:
107:
103:
100: â
99:
95:
94:Find sources:
88:
84:
78:
77:
72:This article
70:
66:
61:
60:
55:
53:
46:
45:
40:
39:
34:
29:
20:
19:
16:
4854:
4806:
4784:
4764:
4747:
4740:
4728:
4708:
4691:
4682:Saudi Arabia
4669:
4657:
4650:
4638:
4601:
4594:
4587:
4580:
4562:
4541:
4378:NSB Class 74
4373:NSB Class 73
4311:
4301:
4244:TCDD HT65000
4206:SBB RABe 501
4157:
4135:
4088:TCDD HT80000
3953:
3854:Conventional
3846:Technologies
3776:TGV stations
3745:High Speed 1
3591:LGV Picardie
3469:
3424:
3415:
3403:. Retrieved
3399:the original
3394:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3369:the original
3364:
3355:
3343:. Retrieved
3339:the original
3334:
3325:
3313:. Retrieved
3309:the original
3304:
3295:
3283:. Retrieved
3273:
3264:
3255:
3243:. Retrieved
3239:the original
3232:
3208:. Retrieved
3204:the original
3197:
3188:
3176:. Retrieved
3169:
3160:
3148:. Retrieved
3141:
3132:
3121:. Retrieved
3117:the original
3112:
3109:"(untitled)"
3091:
3082:
3071:. Retrieved
3067:the original
3056:
3048:the original
3043:
3040:"Autres TGV"
3034:
3022:. Retrieved
3018:The Guardian
3016:
3006:
2997:
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2973:
2964:
2952:. Retrieved
2948:the original
2943:
2934:
2925:
2916:
2905:. Retrieved
2901:the original
2894:
2885:
2874:the original
2861:
2852:
2843:
2832:. Retrieved
2828:
2818:
2729:
2720:
2708:
2681:
2631:
2586:
2543:
2498:
2455:
2410:
2365:
2320:
2275:
2230:
2185:
2140:
2092:
2089:Travel times
2049:LGV Picardie
1971:
1844:
1653:
1523:
1457:Lille-Europe
1432:
1297:Gare du Nord
1255:Gare de Lyon
1220:
1197:South-east:
1187:to Brussels.
1181:High Speed 1
1160:South-west:
1147:
1145:
1090:
1063:
1054:ICE Velaro D
1043:
996:
953:
926:
909:
899:
876:
868:Gare de Lyon
861:
851:Gare du Nord
788:
784:
779:
776:
764:
755:
744:
714:
707:
697:
677:oscillations
658:
645:
641:adding to it
636:
620:Power supply
531:
528:
520:High Speed 1
509:
505:
496:
489:
485:
473:
467:
459:
453:
433:
413:
399:
396:Track design
382:
367:
361:January 2010
358:
343:Please help
331:
289:
261:
210:
197:January 2023
194:
178:
176:lead section
145:
136:
126:
119:
112:
105:
93:
81:Please help
76:verification
73:
49:
42:
36:
35:Please help
32:
15:
4829:Switzerland
4792:Netherlands
4677:South Korea
3970:MTR CRH380A
3524:LGV Sud-Est
3405:28 December
3375:28 December
3345:28 December
3024:13 December
2981:12 December
2954:24 November
2132:Strasbourg
2073: [
1800:Montpellier
1661:LGV Sud-Est
1251:LGV Sud-Est
1199:LGV Sud-Est
1130:trainsets.
1100:LGV Sud-Est
1083:trainsets.
1056:trainsets.
1036:trainsets.
1028:as well as
1010:LGV Sud-Est
963:LGV Sud-Est
940:TGV Sud-Est
661:electrified
549:Train class
476:tunnel boom
454:The points/
269:LGV Sud-Est
4704:Uzbekistan
4671:Kazakhstan
4152:5A, 5E, 5G
4126:China Star
4063:Atlantique
3947:Alstom AGV
3911:Transrapid
3859:Hovertrain
3703:TGV RĂ©seau
3693:TGV Duplex
3123:2014-12-28
3073:2016-07-28
2907:2014-12-28
2834:2023-04-13
2811:References
2715:sugar beet
2678:Operations
2588:Strasbourg
2120:Marseille
1945:LyonâTurin
1919:Euroduplex
1903:Vendenheim
1884:Euroduplex
1693:Euroduplex
1670:Le Creusot
1666:Paris-Lyon
1647:Atlantique
1615:Atlantique
1580:Atlantique
1551:Atlantique
1445:Paris-Nord
1331:Strasbourg
1126:. It uses
1096:Trenitalia
1020:. It uses
904:sugar beet
884:Le Creusot
727:Signalling
704:Separation
673:pantograph
648:April 2009
501:TGV Duplex
109:newspapers
38:improve it
4856:Australia
4646:Indonesia
4632:Hong Kong
4582:Argentina
4487:Talgo XXI
4383:Pendolino
4098:THSR 700T
3864:Hyperloop
3710:TGV Lyria
3245:27 August
3210:27 August
3178:27 August
3150:27 August
2975:The Times
2412:Marseille
2135:Toulouse
2105:Brussels
2102:Bordeaux
2005:Marseille
1857:Paris-Est
1823:Perpignan
1600:AngoulĂȘme
1285:(Lyon to
932:TGV inOui
918:Operators
522:from the
492:axle load
425:Frankfurt
416:gradients
332:does not
293:TGV inOui
181:summarize
44:talk page
4889:Category
4808:Portugal
4693:Thailand
4574:Americas
4286:Adelante
4253:La Poste
4210:RABe 503
3868:Vactrain
3836:Part of
3659:TGV PBKA
3639:Eurostar
3509:LGV Nord
3315:21 April
2944:Le Point
2829:euronews
2759:See also
2688:Bordeaux
2633:Toulouse
2187:Brussels
2142:Bordeaux
2066:DĂ©fense.
2040:Narbonne
2033:Mulhouse
1963:network.
1953:Chambéry
1931:Velaro D
1896:Velaro D
1869:Louvigny
1861:Bezannes
1784:Velaro D
1760:Besançon
1596:Poitiers
1440:LGV Nord
1369:Bordeaux
1355:Mulhouse
1293:LGV Nord
1238:Mulhouse
1234:Besançon
1177:LGV Nord
1116:Chambéry
1075:and the
1016:and the
1002:LGV Nord
998:Eurostar
993:Eurostar
977:and the
971:LGV Nord
843:Eurostar
833:Brittany
809:Stations
759:junction
721:flyovers
669:Catenary
562:Eurostar
535:HSL-Zuid
456:switches
283:line in
4848:Oceania
4770:Germany
4760:Finland
4755:Denmark
4742:Croatia
4736:Belgium
4730:Austria
4710:Vietnam
4558:Morocco
4388:Railjet
4363:Javelin
4182:KTX-Eum
3992:ETR 400
3987:ETR 500
3906:CR400BF
3895:or more
3715:TGV 2N2
3698:TGV POS
3683:TGV 2N2
3654:TGV PBA
3494:LGV Est
3044:Quid.fr
2123:Nantes
2114:London
2108:Geneva
2051:(Parisâ
2042:of the
1990:Seville
1852:LGV Est
1764:Belfort
1729:Avignon
1709:Valence
1572:Le Mans
1563:VendĂŽme
1449:PĂ©ronne
1383:Le Mans
1325:(Paris
1323:LGV Est
1295:(Paris
1287:Valence
1277:Le Mans
1267:(Paris
1253:(Paris
1192:LGV Est
1175:North:
1134:Network
1050:LGV Est
1030:TGV PBA
987:TGV 2N2
983:LGV Est
944:TGV 2N2
791:LGV Est
767:TVM-430
747:signals
675:causes
440:profile
436:ballast
421:Cologne
353:removed
338:sources
123:scholar
4834:Turkey
4824:Sweden
4814:Russia
4802:Poland
4797:Norway
4786:Latvia
4775:Greece
4765:France
4721:Europe
4699:Turkey
4687:Taiwan
4603:Mexico
4596:Canada
4589:Brazil
4551:Africa
4443:SJ X40
4439:X 2000
4434:SCB-40
4424:Re 460
4393:Regina
4316:CR200J
4312:Fuxing
4281:ACS-64
4201:Sapsan
4158:Fuxing
4071:Duplex
4067:RĂ©seau
3873:Maglev
3285:1 July
2853:TGVweb
2456:Nantes
2322:London
2232:Geneva
2129:Paris
2111:Lille
2057:Calais
2053:Amiens
1986:MĂĄlaga
1927:RĂ©seau
1915:Duplex
1892:RĂ©seau
1880:Duplex
1838:Duplex
1811:Duplex
1780:RĂ©seau
1772:Duplex
1748:Duplex
1717:Duplex
1689:Duplex
1639:Rennes
1619:Duplex
1584:Duplex
1555:Duplex
1496:RĂ©seau
1472:Duplex
1461:Calais
1421:Opened
1387:Rennes
1301:Calais
1228:East:
1190:East:
1120:Modane
1071:, the
1012:, the
973:, the
892:Amiens
886:, and
847:Thalys
829:Rennes
690:damped
307:Tracks
285:Europe
241:(2010)
125:
118:
111:
104:
96:
4819:Spain
4780:Italy
4665:Japan
4640:India
4627:China
4564:Egypt
4453:Sokol
4429:SC-44
4358:ICE L
4350:ICE T
4326:HHP-8
4321:ER200
4302:Hexie
4276:Acela
4239:E7/W7
4178:(ICx)
4136:Hexie
4054:AVRIL
4041:E5/H5
4037:N700S
4024:Oaris
4011:KTX-I
4006:ICE 3
3958:CRH2C
3954:Hexie
3769:Other
3755:HSL 1
3747:(via
3666:Renfe
2877:(PDF)
2870:(PDF)
2692:Tours
2581:4:13
2544:Paris
2405:3:57
2277:Lille
2180:2:04
2126:Nice
2117:Lyon
2077:]
2029:Dijon
1957:Turin
1911:2016
1873:2007
1831:2010
1804:2018
1796:NĂźmes
1768:2011
1741:2001
1713:1992
1682:1981
1674:MĂącon
1643:2017
1635:Laval
1608:2017
1576:1990
1567:Tours
1544:1989
1540:Massy
1516:1994
1465:1993
1453:Arras
1365:Tours
1351:Dijon
1273:Tours
1185:HSL 1
1065:RENFE
1060:Renfe
955:Lyria
950:Lyria
831:, in
799:GSM-R
555:Paths
552:Speed
512:Tours
405:radii
297:Ouigo
273:Paris
130:JSTOR
116:books
4659:Iraq
4652:Iran
4619:Asia
4336:ICNG
4306:CRH6
4258:V250
4130:DJF2
4033:N700
4001:e320
3982:380D
3978:380C
3974:380B
3966:380A
3407:2014
3377:2014
3347:2014
3317:2012
3287:2009
3247:2009
3212:2009
3180:2009
3152:2009
3026:2005
2983:2005
2956:2005
2747:and
2665:4:13
2653:3:57
2638:2:04
2626:N/A
2620:1:55
2617:8:49
2614:5:19
2611:5:33
2608:3:39
2602:2:55
2596:3:48
2593:5:42
2578:1:55
2572:5:50
2569:2:03
2566:3:02
2563:1:52
2560:2:17
2557:1:02
2554:3:12
2551:1:22
2548:2:04
2538:N/A
2535:8:49
2532:5:50
2523:2:38
2520:4:31
2500:Nice
2493:N/A
2490:5:19
2487:2:03
2478:6:27
2475:4:34
2469:4:15
2463:4:59
2450:N/A
2447:5:33
2444:3:02
2441:2:38
2438:6:27
2432:1:41
2426:4:25
2420:5:21
2402:3:39
2399:1:52
2396:4:31
2393:4:34
2390:1:41
2381:2:57
2375:3:28
2367:Lyon
2360:N/A
2354:2:17
2336:1:17
2330:1:55
2315:N/A
2312:2:55
2309:1:02
2303:4:15
2300:4:25
2297:2:57
2294:1:17
2285:0:34
2282:4:40
2270:N/A
2264:3:12
2225:N/A
2222:3:48
2219:1:22
2213:4:59
2210:5:21
2207:3:28
2204:1:55
2201:0:34
2192:4:07
2177:5:42
2174:2:04
2156:4:40
2150:4:07
2025:Lyon
2009:Nice
1949:Lyon
1488:PBKA
1480:e320
1476:e300
1415:Line
1406:ETCS
1347:Lyon
1275:and
1236:and
1213:and
1205:and
1168:and
1122:and
1034:PBKA
1032:and
1026:e320
1024:and
894:and
882:and
870:and
845:and
681:wave
444:ties
423:and
336:any
334:cite
277:Lyon
275:and
102:news
4482:810
4478:807
4474:805
4470:803
4466:802
4462:801
4406:400
4402:100
4345:225
4331:IC4
4291:APT
4227:800
4223:700
4219:300
4196:130
4165:ICE
4079:2N2
4075:POS
3942:103
3938:102
2751:in
2724:ICE
2668:N/A
2662:N/A
2659:N/A
2656:N/A
2650:N/A
2647:N/A
2644:N/A
2641:N/A
2605:N/A
2599:N/A
2526:N/A
2517:N/A
2514:N/A
2511:N/A
2508:N/A
2505:N/A
2484:N/A
2472:N/A
2466:N/A
2460:N/A
2429:N/A
2423:N/A
2417:N/A
2384:N/A
2378:N/A
2372:N/A
2357:N/A
2351:N/A
2348:N/A
2345:N/A
2342:N/A
2333:N/A
2327:N/A
2306:N/A
2288:N/A
2267:N/A
2261:N/A
2258:N/A
2255:N/A
2252:N/A
2249:N/A
2246:N/A
2240:N/A
2237:N/A
2216:N/A
2198:N/A
2171:N/A
2168:N/A
2165:N/A
2162:N/A
2159:N/A
2153:N/A
1961:TAV
1923:POS
1888:POS
1776:POS
1633:·
1492:POS
1484:PBA
1329:to
1299:to
1271:to
1257:to
1106:to
663:at
643:.
448:UIC
347:by
85:by
4891::
4497:X3
4480:,
4476:,
4472:,
4468:,
4464:,
4460:,
4441:,
4414:E4
4412:,
4410:E1
4408:,
4404:,
4400:,
4356:,
4354:TD
4352:,
4343:,
4308:,
4298:,
4251:,
4237:,
4235:E3
4233:,
4231:E2
4229:,
4225:,
4221:,
4217:,
4208:,
4194:,
4174:,
4170:,
4154:,
4150:,
4148:3A
4146:,
4142:,
4132:,
4128:,
4081:,
4077:,
4073:,
4069:,
4065:,
4061:,
4049:E8
4047:,
4045:E6
4043:,
4039:,
4035:,
4031:,
4017:,
4013:,
3999:;
3980:,
3976:,
3972:,
3968:/
3964:,
3962:3C
3960:,
3940:,
3936:,
3904:,
3393:.
3363:.
3333:.
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3263:.
3231:.
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2924:.
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1859:·
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1707:·
1691:,
1676:·
1672:·
1668:·
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1602:·
1598:·
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1565:·
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1538:·
1510:·
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