25:
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460:, which can help achieve the maximum sum rate of broadcast channels. When hierarchical-modulated signals are transmitted, users with good reception and advanced receivers can demodulate multiple layers. For a user with a conventional receiver or poor reception, it may only demodulate the data stream embedded in the base layer. With hierarchical modulation, a network operator can target users of different types with different services or
559:, about the minimum needed for the comparable non-hierarchical modulation, 64QAM. But unlayered 16QAM with the same SNR would approach full throughput. This means, due to ILI, about 1.5/4 = 37.5% loss of the base-layer achievable throughput. Furthermore, due to ILI and the imperfect demodulation of base-layer symbols, the demodulation error rate of higher-layer symbols increases too.
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enhancement layer. The first layer is 2 bits (represented by the green circles). The signal detector only needs to establish which quadrant the signal is in, to recover the value (which is '10', the green circle in the lower right corner). In better signal conditions, the detector can establish
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For a hierarchically-modulated symbol with QPSK base layer and 16QAM enhancement layer, the base-layer throughput loss is up to about 1.5 bits/symbol with the total receive
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the phase and amplitude more precisely, to recover four more bits of data ('1101'). Thus, the base layer carries '10', and the enhancement layer carries '1101'.
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multiple data streams into one single symbol stream, where base-layer symbols and enhancement-layer symbols are synchronously overlaid before transmission.
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However, traditional hierarchical modulation suffers from serious inter-layer interference (ILI) with impact on the achievable symbol rate.
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652:', Published in: IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting ( Volume: 43, Issue: 2, Jun 1997)Page(s): 166 - 174
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instead of complete signal loss. It has been widely proven and included in various standards, such as
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Combining
Adaptive Coding and Modulation With Hierarchical Modulation in Satcom Systems
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Hierarchical modulation is also taken as one of the practical implementations of
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IEEE International
Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting
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MPEG-5 Part 2 / Low
Complexity Enhancement Video Coding / LC EVC
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H. MĂ©ric, J. Lacan, F. Arnal, G. Lesthievent, M.-L. Boucheret,
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Hierarchical modulation is particularly used to mitigate the
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For example, the figure depicts a layering scheme with
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46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
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650:Hierarchical transmission and COFDM systems
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77:Learn how and when to remove this message
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637:Shu Wang, Soonyil Kwon and Yi, B.K.,
639:On enhancing hierarchical modulation
634:, Vol. 59, No. 4 (2013), pp 627-637.
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479:Layered modulation constellation:
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673:Hierarchical Modulation under DVB
663:Hierarchical Modulation Explained
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632:IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting
688:Quantized radio modulation modes
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1:
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581:scalability extensions (SHVC)
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574:H.264 Scalable Video Coding
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16:Signal processing technique
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669: (archived 2012-03-25)
605:Ogg Vorbis bitrate peeling
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296:Capacity-approaching codes
693:Radio resource management
615:JPEG 2000 SNR scalability
585:AV1 Scalable video coding
512:Inter-layer interference
429:broadcast, particularly
32:This article includes a
458:superposition precoding
400:Hierarchical modulation
233:Hierarchical modulation
61:more precise citations.
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447:Ultra Mobile Broadband
553:signal-to-noise ratio
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435:graceful degradation
610:WavPack hybrid mode
555:(SNR) at about 23
531:. You can help by
503:base layer, and a
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427:digital television
404:layered modulation
155:Digital modulation
34:list of references
648:Seamus O Leary, '
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408:signal processing
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112:Analog modulation
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256:Spread spectrum
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38:related reading
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361:Multiplexing
301:Demodulation
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53:Please help
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306:Line coding
59:introducing
682:Categories
621:References
590:MPEG-4 SLS
416:modulating
96:modulation
600:DTS-HD MA
431:mobile TV
563:See also
443:MediaFLO
288:See also
93:Passband
665:at the
471:Example
445:, UMB (
55:improve
214:SC-FDE
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505:64QAM
451:DVB-H
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311:Modem
40:, or
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270:DSSS
184:MFSK
169:APSK
535:.
464:.
462:QoS
425:in
356:FDM
346:ΔΣM
341:PWM
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331:PCM
326:PAM
321:PoM
316:AnM
265:CSS
247:WDM
242:QAM
224:WDM
219:TCM
209:QAM
204:PSK
199:PPM
194:OOK
189:MSK
179:FSK
174:CPM
164:ASK
146:SSB
136:QAM
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557:dB
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141:SM
131:PM
126:FM
121:AM
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