602:). They argued that mental illness can involve any part of the mind and that the insanity test should focus on the extent to which the accused's mind overall, due to some inner pathology 'whether obvious or masked', was unable to operate in accord with the law. However, 10 years later, a chapter by Cleckley on "Psychiatry: Science, Art, and Scientism" cautioned others against a common exaggeration of the abilities of psychiatry to diagnose or treat, including in regard to criminal responsibility. In that regard Cleckley expressed his agreement with a critique by Hakeem, yet Hakeem had quoted Cleckley's claims about psychopathy as an example of psychiatrists exaggerating how clear their diagnostic terms are to each other.
157:, originally published in 1941 and revised in new editions until the 1980s, provided the first clinical description of psychopathy. He defined the term somewhat more broadly than it is understood today, as referring to somebody who behaves in a destructive manner despite lacking overt signs of psychosis or neurosis; this is reflected in the term "mask of sanity", derived from Cleckley's belief that a psychopath can appear normal and even engaging, but that the "mask" conceals a
278:, he became professor of psychiatry and neurology at the Medical College of Georgia and, in 1937, the chief of psychiatry and neurology at University Hospital in Augusta. In 1955, Cleckley was appointed clinical professor of psychiatry and neurology at the medical college and became founding chairman of the Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior. He served as a psychiatric consultant to the Veterans Administration Hospital in Augusta and the US Army Hospital at
469:, my medical associate of many years, has played a major part in the development and the revision of this work". He also credits his and Thigpen's wives, both called "Louise", as well as the "constant encouragement, generous help, and the major inspiration that have come from Dr. Sydenstricker to the Department of Neuropsychiatry." Cleckley also mentions taking inspiration for the structure of his book from a work called
350:, Cleckley wrote an address warning: "In our present efforts to prepare for national defense no problem which confronts the examining boards for selective service is more pressing or more subtle than that of the so-called psychopathic personality". He argued such soldiers were likely to fail, be disorganized, and be a drain on time and resources. He recommended routinely checking for past encounters with
186:, who tried unsuccessfully to interview Cleckley, said in 2012/13: "He's one of the unsung 20th-century figures. He created two of the enduring myths – I would call them – of the 20th century ...These ideas don't originate with Cleckley, but Cleckley popularized them, he built them up, he sold them – almost as a brand."
642:. They also discussed what is meant by 'personality' and identity, noting how it can change even in everyday senses (becoming 'a new person' or 'not himself' etc.). Such a diagnosis had fallen into relative disuse in psychiatry but Thigpen and Cleckley felt they had identified a rare case, though others have questioned the use of
586:. They suggested changing the wording of it to: "In your opinion, was the defendant suffering from disease of the mind and if so, was it sufficient to render him unaccountable under the law for the crime charged?" The concept of 'accountability' was intended as an alternative to a narrow definition of 'responsibility' under the
329:
and offered no cure for the condition itself. The idea of a master deceiver secretly possessed of no moral or ethical restraints, yet behaving in public with excellent function, electrified
American society and led to heightened interest in both psychological introspection and the detection of hidden
431:" in explaining the distinction between the appearance of correct functioning on the surface despite an underlying deficit in meaning. This has repeatedly led to the belief that he had suggested the core abnormality is in the use of language, which he has said is a misinterpretation. Today the term
362:
Veterans
Administration (VA) hospital on the southeastern seaboard, where he worked as one of the psychiatrists for the ex-servicemen who were mainly veterans of World War I. Cleckley critiques the "benign policy" of the VA of not diagnosing more psychopathic personalities due to giving the benefit
667:
played the initial treating psychiatrist and Edwin Jerome the consultant. Both
Thigpen and Cleckley received writing credits and reportedly over a million dollars. In the book and film 'Eve' is cured of her alternate personalities, but Sizemore states that she was not free of them until many years
688:
Sizemore's own published book on her life. When
Sizemore returned to Augusta for a speaking tour in 1982, neither Thigpen nor Cleckley attended and she did not visit them, though in 2008 she described the diagnosis and treatment of her as courageous. In 1984 Thigpen and Cleckley published a brief
938:. 1988, The C. V. Mosby Co, fifth edition, p.vii: "In attempting to revise the book for the second edition (1950), I found it was impossible to do justice to the subject by minor additions, deletions, and modifications. It was necessary to write a new and much larger book."
407:'s, implying a physiological basis) and later "disorder". He explained that this did not refer to the meaning of life in an abstract sense but to the emotional substrate from which the purposes and loyalties of everyday life are formed and experienced. In using the term
310:
and was repeatedly reprinted in subsequent editions. Cleckley revised and expanded the work with each edition published; the second
American edition published in 1950 he described as effectively a new book (Cleckley 1988, p.vii).
294:. He also worked in the private practice of psychiatry along with Corbett Thigpen and later also Benjamin Moss, Jere Chambers, and Seaborn McGarity. His first wife was Louise Martin; after her death, he married Emily Sheftall.
672:
which sold 2 million copies and $ 5000 for the visual rights (relatives received $ 2000)). She fought unsuccessfully to stop the publication of videos of her treatment sessions, but in 1989 successfully sued the film studio
633:
who
Thigpen especially had treated over several years. They published a research article on the case in 1954, documenting the sessions and how they came to view it as a case of 'multiple personalities', referencing
387:. He concludes that psychopathic personalities have "records of the utmost folly and misery and idleness over many years" and if considering also the number in every community who are protected by relatives, "the
668:
later. She also alleges that she was not aware the session reports would be published outside of medical circles, or that she was signing over rights to her life story forever (for $ 3 for the book rights to
613:
a defense psychiatrist also argued that Bundy was a psychopath, however, he concluded that Bundy was not competent to stand trial or represent himself, while
Cleckley argued that he was competent.
321:
exhibits normal function according to standard psychiatric criteria, yet privately engages in destructive behavior. The book was intended to assist with the detection and diagnosis of the elusive
358:, under a subsection entitled "Not as single spies but in battalions", and further detailed in the appendix, Cleckley describes a survey he and others conducted between 1937 and 1939 at a large
1298:
Thigpen C. H. and
Cleckley, H. M. "A Modern Properly Administered Electroconvulsive Treatment, 1979. Presented at the American Psychiatric Association Convention, San Francisco, CA, May 1980.
1388:
33:
1571:
1932:
1922:
814:
1116:
198:, in the Southeastern United States. His parents were William and Cora Cleckley. His younger sister, Connor Cleckley, was schooled for some time in England (e.g.
399:
Cleckley consistently described the hypothesized central deficit in psychopathy as "semantic" (the 'meaning' of things), early on referring to it as a "semantic
609:, the first to be televised nationally in the United States. After interviewing Bundy and reviewing two prior reports, he diagnosed him as a psychopath. At the
1432:
1369:
1005:
161:. By the time of his death, Cleckley was better remembered for a vivid case study of a female patient, published as a book in 1956 and turned into a movie,
1416:
1053:
Meador, KJ; Loring, DW; Nichols, FT; Adams, RJ; Feldman, EB (1988). "Virgil
Sydenstricker: special reference to niacin deficiency encephalopathy".
852:
1942:
1631:
508:(now known as "niacin deficiency") which was then endemic in southern states. In 1939 and 1941 they published on the use of nicotinic acid (
796:
1583:
1555:
1952:
1927:
1912:
287:
548:
or other drugs. In the wake of sometimes fatal complications, Cleckley published in 1939 and 1941 advising on theoretical grounds the
1967:
629:, his partner in private practice and colleague at the Department of Psychiatry at Georgia University. It was based on their patient
330:
psychopaths in society at large, leading to a refinement of the word itself into what was perceived to be a less stigmatizing term, "
516:) as a treatment for abnormal mental states and psychiatric disorders. The studies have been erroneously used to justify the use of
1568:
1312:
923:
Georgia
Regents University | Historical Collections and Archives, Robert B. Greenblatt, MD Library | Hervey M. Cleckley Collection
689:
communication in an international hypnosis journal cautioning against over-use of the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder.
1307:
580:
359:
283:
1962:
1947:
950:
Alan Felthous, Henning Sass. 14 May 2012. Chapter 7: The Management of Fitness for Duty in the United States Military, Page 120
1917:
1675:
1136:
755:
485:
960:
Cleckley, H (1941). "The So-called Psychopathic Personality, With Special Emphasis on his Status in the Selective Service".
646:
and suggestion in creating some if not all of the characterization, and the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder (now
560:. In 1951, he also co-published case study research suggesting the use of electronarcosis for various conditions, a form of
1698:
1569:
Summary of the Cleckley-Thigpen Psychiatric Associates Papers at the University of Georgia Hargrett Manuscript Collection
681:
remake of its film and tried to use a 1956 contract she had signed, without legal representation via Thigpen, to prevent
772:
1835:
1451:
Original entry by Susan D. Morris, University of Georgia Libraries, 08/03/2007, Last edited by NGE Staff on 03/14/2013
1937:
1088:
Cleckley, H. M. (1939). "Nicotinic Acid in the Treatment of Atypical Psychotic States Associated with Malnutrition".
1001:
1339:
1795:
1218:
Lawrence, E. Geeslin; Hervey, Cleckley (1939). "Anomalies and Dangers in the Metrazol Therapy of Schizophrenia".
719:
639:
172:
922:
899:
699:
The Caricature of Love: A Discussion of Social, Psychiatric, and Literary Manifestations of Pathologic Sexuality
1729:
647:
1754:
1845:
1820:
376:
171:
in America. The concept of psychopathy continues to be influential through forming parts of the diagnosis of
168:
1957:
1703:
1448:
801:
610:
446:
1461:
Thigpen, Corbett H. (1984). "On the incidence of multiple personality disorder: A brief communication".
911:
849:
404:
271:
226:
1759:
1668:
1280:
Thigpen, CH; Cleckley, HM (1984). "Electroconvulsive therapy with enhancement by pentylenetetrazol".
565:
248:
199:
936:
The Mask of Insanity: An Attempt to Clarify Some Issues About the So-Called Psychopathic Personality
815:
Errol Morris v. Janet Malcolm. The documentary filmmaker takes on the Jeffrey MacDonald murder case.
496:
Virgil P. Sydenstricker was a professor of medicine and an internationally recognized specialist in
832:
304:
The Mask of Sanity: An Attempt to Clarify Some Issues About the So-Called Psychopathic Personality
1560:
705:
influences in our culture and the Freudian doctrines that he believes support these influences."
275:
1325:
1850:
1810:
655:
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163:
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1719:
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836:
533:
291:
240:
206:, the only person ever to be granted America's highest awards for both civilian and military
176:
81:
1907:
1902:
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initiated by passing an electric current through the brain, without causing seizures as in
94:
57:
1117:"The Effect of Nicotinic Acid in Stupor, Lethargy and Various Other Psychiatric Disorders"
8:
1876:
980:
685:
590:
which requires an absence of moral knowledge of right and wrong, in effect only covering
517:
236:
504:. Articles published with Cleckley were among the first to describe an atypical form of
480:
Based on Cleckley's work, but with fundamental changes, from the 1970s the psychologist
1764:
1245:
Marion, M. Estes; Hervey, M. Cleckley (1951). "Electronarcosis in a General Hospital".
725:
626:
587:
561:
509:
466:
267:
252:
211:
153:
1779:
1478:
1262:
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1070:
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882:
751:
433:
424:
416:
256:
1855:
1605:
The Mask of Sanity: An Attempt to Reinterpret the So-Called Psychopathic Personality
1599:
The Mask of Sanity: An Attempt to Reinterpret the So-Called Psychopathic Personality
331:
1800:
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1534:
1470:
1254:
1227:
1200:
1163:
1128:
1097:
1062:
1035:
992:
819:
674:
605:
Cleckley was a psychiatrist for the prosecution in the 1979 trial of serial killer
583:
412:
260:
203:
195:
53:
650:) remains controversial despite, or because of, upsurges in diagnoses in America.
477:, an English physician who also published a case study of a multiple personality.
1825:
1636:
1587:
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1402:
1355:
947:
878:
856:
660:
438:
380:
351:
244:
231:
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1380:
701:. Shortly after it was described by one medical reviewer as "a diatribe against
1881:
1774:
1647:
1191:
Hervey, Cleckley (1941). "Prolonged Coma in Insulin Therapy of the Psychoses".
599:
481:
219:
1593:
1474:
1896:
1769:
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635:
577:
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372:
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1258:
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1039:
682:
549:
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279:
274:) in Augusta in 1929. After several years of psychiatric practice in the
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120:
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In 1952 Cleckley, along with Walter Bromberg a senior psychiatrist and
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388:
326:
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109:
1417:
15 Years After Recovery, 'Eve' Enjoys the Best of Her 22 Personalities
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The Only Living Witness: The True Story of Serial Sex Killer Ted Bundy
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595:
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501:
1330:
Edited by Helmut Schoeck and James W. Wiggins. Princeton, N.J., 1962
1023:
1002:
As earlier read at the Second American Congress on General Semantics
1724:
643:
557:
545:
505:
400:
368:
167:, in 1957. His report of the case (re)popularized the diagnosis of
797:
Errol Morris and The Mask of Fatality: An Interview by Julie Cline
488:" to assess psychopathy primarily in the criminal justice system.
437:
refers to a specific neurodegenerative disorder involving loss of
32:
541:
428:
420:
207:
1644:
Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of Psychopaths Among Us
1404:
OCR Psychology: AS Core Studies and Psychological Investigations
886:
270:
from the University of Georgia Medical School (now known as the
678:
450:
1653:
1340:
A Critique of the Psychiatric Approach to Crime and Correction
653:
The book also served as the basis for a blockbuster 1957 film
1594:
Thigpen & Cleckley (1954): A case of multiple personality
1004:, University of Denver, Denver, Colo., August 1 and 2, 1941.
872:
553:
98:
89:
85:
1313:
The Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science
948:
International Handbook on Psychopathic Disorders and the Law
143:(September 7, 1903 – January 28, 1984) was an American
1463:
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
537:
536:", where psychiatric patients would be repeatedly put into
773:"Suffering Souls: The search for the roots of psychopathy"
1052:
750:. Northvale, New Jersey: Jason Aronson Inc. p. 9.
748:
The Psychopathic Mind: Origins, Dynamics, and Treatment
875:
Touchdown: A Pictorial History of the Georgia Bulldogs
1525:
Allisin, George H. (1958). "The Caricature of Love".
1114:
1607:. (St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby, 1988). Fifth Edition.
1601:. (St. Louis, MO: C.V. Mosby, 1941). First Edition.
282:. He was a member of the forensic committee of the
1923:Players of American football from Augusta, Georgia
411:in this broad psychosocial sense, he referred to
317:is distinguished by its central thesis, that the
1894:
1360:Stephen G. Michaud, Hugh Aynesworth. 19 Jul 1999
866:
850:Featured obituary: Mrs. Connor Cleckley Goodrich
1933:Georgia Bulldogs men's track and field athletes
1564:, Augusta Chronicle, Web posted January 1, 2000
1308:The Medico-Legal Dilemma. A Suggested Solution.
1279:
419:. However Cleckley also separately employed an
1217:
1115:Sydenstricker, V. P.; Cleckley, H. M. (1941).
1669:
962:Journal of the Medical Association of Georgia
873:Stegeman, John F.; Willingham, Robert M. Jr.
1244:
354:or drinking alcohol until incapacitated. In
229:high school in 1921, then graduated in 1924
391:of this disorder is seen to be appalling."
302:In 1941, Cleckley authored his magnum opus
1676:
1662:
1383:. Thigpen, C.H. & Cleckley, H. (1954)
1310:Bromberg, Walter, and Hervey M. Cleckley.
571:
288:American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology
251:and track and field teams. Cleckley won a
31:
1385:Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology
1167:
692:
1539:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1958.02340060133021
1087:
978:
959:
881:: Agee Publishers, Inc. pp. 29–31.
770:
540:over several weeks through overdoses of
306:. This became a landmark in psychiatric
1524:
1460:
1149:
638:'s earlier controversial case study of
616:
337:
284:Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry
247:, where he was a member of the varsity
1895:
1190:
532:Cleckley practiced the controversial "
1657:
1611:"Book Review: Multiple Personality".
1578:(seems to be missing from there now,
1433:Film's 'Eve' Fights to Tell Her Story
1398:
1396:
1152:"Virgil P. Sydenstricker (1889–1964)"
745:
697:Cleckley also authored the 1957 book
621:In 1956, Cleckley co-authored a book
527:
259:, England, graduating in 1926 with a
1943:Alumni of University College, Oxford
1527:Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry
1021:
981:"Semantic dementia and semi-suicide"
771:Seabrook, John (November 10, 2008).
739:
552:administration of various vitamins,
1590: (archived September 11, 2006))
1562:Hervey Cleckley and Corbett Thigpen
912:Between the Covers Rare Books, Inc.
833:Hervey Cleckley and Corbett Thigpen
202:) and later married and widowed by
13:
1836:Psychopathic Personality Inventory
1549:
1393:
394:
189:
14:
1979:
1953:Medical College of Georgia alumni
1928:Georgia Bulldogs football players
1913:Academy of Richmond County alumni
1028:The British Journal of Psychiatry
902:Augusta Chronicle, June 12, 2011.
520:in psychiatric disorders such as
342:In the same year as he published
16:American psychiatrist (1903–1984)
1968:20th-century American physicians
1102:10.1001/jama.1939.02800210001001
1067:10.1097/00007611-198808000-00024
1796:Antisocial personality disorder
1683:
1650:, New York: Pocket Books, 1993)
1518:
1489:
1454:
1442:
1439:, July 10, 1989, Page 1D and 3D
1426:
1410:
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1333:
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1184:
1143:
1108:
1081:
1046:
1015:
972:
953:
941:
928:
916:
640:Christine Beauchamp (pseudonym)
456:
363:of the doubt to issues such as
173:antisocial personality disorder
1381:A case of multiple personality
1024:"A Case of Double Personality"
905:
893:
843:
826:
808:
790:
764:
648:dissociative identity disorder
582:, published an article on the
297:
1:
1963:20th-century American writers
1948:Writers from Augusta, Georgia
1846:Sadistic personality disorder
1556:UGA Rhodes Scholars:1903-1999
1344:Law and Contemporary Problems
1327:Psychiatry and Responsibility
732:
403:" or "dysergasia" (a term of
169:multiple personality disorder
1918:University of Georgia alumni
1006:Also a version published in
225:Cleckley graduated from the
147:and pioneer in the field of
7:
1370:Newspaper article from 1979
1150:Feldman, Elaine B. (2001).
802:Los Angeles Review of Books
708:
491:
447:semantic pragmatic disorder
10:
1984:
900:Obituary: Benjamin F. Moss
471:The Psychology of Insanity
272:Medical College of Georgia
227:Academy of Richmond County
1864:
1788:
1712:
1691:
1584:Version as it was in 2006
1475:10.1080/00207148408416004
985:The Psychiatric Quarterly
979:Cleckley, Hervey (1942).
677:when it wanted to make a
566:electroconvulsive therapy
266:Cleckley then earned his
200:Headington School, Oxford
179:, and public perception.
126:
115:
105:
77:
65:
39:
30:
23:
1938:American Rhodes Scholars
1625:10.1001/jama.283.19.2585
484:devised an influential "
383:from skull injuries and
214:and, posthumously after
119:Pioneer in the field of
1437:Wilmington Morning Star
1421:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
934:Cleckley, Hervey, M.D.
746:Meloy, J. Read (1988).
572:Criminal responsibility
276:Veterans Administration
1851:Sexual sadism disorder
1811:History of psychopathy
1780:Superficially charming
1449:The Three Faces of Eve
1407:Psychology Press, 2013
1346:, 650-682 (Fall 1958).
1259:10.1176/ajp.107.11.814
1040:10.1192/bjp.58.241.236
693:Pathological sexuality
656:The Three Faces of Eve
631:Chris Costner Sizemore
623:The Three Faces of Eve
467:Dr. Corbett H. Thigpen
377:posttraumatic neuroses
164:The Three Faces of Eve
141:Hervey Milton Cleckley
25:Hervey Milton Cleckley
1841:Psychopathy Checklist
1720:Anti-social behaviour
1640:, February 18, 1957.
1316:42.6 (1952): 729-745.
1169:10.1093/jn/131.9.2231
861:The Augusta Chronicle
837:The Augusta Chronicle
823:. September 13, 2012.
486:psychopathy checklist
292:Biological Psychiatry
241:University of Georgia
194:Cleckley was born in
177:Psychopathy Checklist
82:University of Georgia
1816:Juvenile delinquency
1580:citation at WorldCat
1419:By Ellen Futterman,
1232:10.1176/ajp.96.1.183
1205:10.1176/ajp.97.4.844
617:Multiple personality
568:which he also used.
338:Military application
290:and the Society for
286:and a fellow of the
95:University of Oxford
1958:Psychopathy writers
1877:George E. Partridge
1282:Am J Soc Psychiatry
1139:on August 12, 2013.
1133:10.1176/ajp.98.1.83
859:By Albert Ross Jr.
799:February 17, 2013.
518:megavitamin therapy
461:Cleckley states in
445:commonly refers to
237:Bachelor of Science
1872:Hervey M. Cleckley
1765:Pathological lying
1735:Diminished empathy
1574:2006-09-11 at the
1497:"Open Library.org"
1423:, January 6, 1989.
997:10.1007/BF01573914
855:2016-03-04 at the
817:By Emily Bazelon.
726:The Mask of Sanity
627:Corbett H. Thigpen
611:competency hearing
562:deep sleep therapy
528:Coma shock therapy
463:The Mask Of Sanity
356:The Mask of Sanity
344:The Mask of Sanity
315:The Mask of Sanity
253:Rhodes Scholarship
154:The Mask of Sanity
133:The Mask of Sanity
1890:
1889:
1865:Notable theorists
1096:(21): 2107–2110.
1022:Hart, B. (1912).
757:978-0-87668-311-8
443:semantic disorder
434:semantic dementia
427:called "semantic
425:language disorder
417:general semantics
257:Oxford University
138:
137:
50:September 7, 1903
1975:
1821:Machiavellianism
1801:Conduct disorder
1704:In the workplace
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1342:Michael Hakeem,
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1162:(9): 2231–2234.
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1141:
1140:
1135:. Archived from
1112:
1106:
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1085:
1079:
1078:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1034:(241): 236–243.
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951:
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847:
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830:
824:
812:
806:
794:
788:
787:
785:
783:
768:
762:
761:
743:
675:20th Century Fox
584:insanity defense
449:associated with
413:Alfred Korzybski
325:for purposes of
261:Bachelor of Arts
239:degree from the
204:Aquilla J. Dyess
196:Augusta, Georgia
129:
72:
69:January 28, 1984
49:
47:
35:
21:
20:
1983:
1982:
1978:
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1886:
1860:
1826:Macdonald triad
1784:
1713:Characteristics
1708:
1687:
1682:
1632:"All About Eve"
1610:
1588:Wayback Machine
1576:Wayback Machine
1552:
1550:Further reading
1547:
1546:
1523:
1519:
1509:
1507:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1459:
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1394:
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1338:
1334:
1324:
1320:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1278:
1274:
1253:(11): 814–820.
1247:Am J Psychiatry
1243:
1239:
1220:Am J Psychiatry
1216:
1212:
1193:Am J Psychiatry
1189:
1185:
1148:
1144:
1121:Am J Psychiatry
1113:
1109:
1086:
1082:
1051:
1047:
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1016:
977:
973:
958:
954:
946:
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898:
894:
879:Athens, Georgia
871:
867:
857:Wayback Machine
848:
844:
831:
827:
813:
809:
795:
791:
781:
779:
769:
765:
758:
744:
740:
735:
711:
695:
661:Joanne Woodward
619:
588:M'Naghten rules
574:
530:
515:
494:
459:
439:semantic memory
397:
395:Semantic theory
381:cerebral trauma
352:law enforcement
340:
300:
232:summa cum laude
192:
190:Life and career
159:mental disorder
127:
93:
70:
61:
51:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1981:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1882:Robert D. Hare
1879:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1859:
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1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
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1808:
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1798:
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1790:
1789:Related topics
1786:
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1777:
1775:Shallow affect
1772:
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1747:
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1652:
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1648:Robert D. Hare
1641:
1629:
1619:: 2585. 2000.
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1199:(4): 844–857.
1183:
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1014:
1012:March 30, 1941
991:(3): 521–529.
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940:
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904:
892:
865:
842:
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789:
777:The New Yorker
763:
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710:
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694:
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618:
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600:hallucinations
573:
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529:
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482:Robert D. Hare
458:
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396:
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339:
336:
299:
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220:Medal of Honor
212:Carnegie medal
191:
188:
136:
135:
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124:
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117:
116:Known for
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
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75:
74:
73:(aged 80)
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636:Morton Prince
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578:psychoanalyst
569:
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522:schizophrenia
519:
511:
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426:
422:
418:
415:'s theory of
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373:psychasthenia
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83:
80:
76:
68:
64:
59:
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42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
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1871:
1760:Manipulative
1740:Disinhibited
1643:
1635:
1616:
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1598:
1561:
1530:
1526:
1520:
1510:November 19,
1508:. Retrieved
1491:
1469:(2): 63–66.
1466:
1462:
1456:
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1436:
1435:Dale White,
1428:
1420:
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1240:
1223:
1219:
1213:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1137:the original
1124:
1120:
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1017:
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840:, 01/01/2000
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810:
800:
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780:. Retrieved
776:
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724:
698:
696:
683:Sissy Spacek
654:
652:
622:
620:
604:
575:
550:prophylactic
534:coma therapy
531:
512:or vitamin B
495:
479:
475:Bernard Hart
470:
462:
460:
457:Contributors
442:
432:
408:
398:
365:neurasthenia
355:
348:World War II
343:
341:
314:
313:
308:case studies
303:
301:
265:
255:to study at
230:
224:
216:World War II
193:
184:Errol Morris
181:
162:
152:
151:. His book,
145:psychiatrist
140:
139:
132:
128:Notable work
110:Psychiatrist
71:(1984-01-28)
18:
1908:1984 deaths
1903:1903 births
1770:Remorseless
1685:Psychopathy
1226:: 183–191.
1055:South Med J
925:, July 2014
863:, May 2002.
715:Psychopathy
670:McGraw-Hill
665:Lee J. Cobb
663:, in which
405:Adolf Meyer
385:concussions
298:Psychopathy
280:Camp Gordon
149:psychopathy
121:psychopathy
1897:Categories
1856:Sociopathy
1831:Narcissism
1806:Dark triad
1699:In fiction
1533:(6): 735.
968:: 466–472.
733:References
703:homosexual
498:hematology
389:prevalence
327:palliation
323:psychopath
319:psychopath
182:Filmmaker
106:Occupation
46:1903-09-07
1750:Impulsive
1745:Grandiose
1389:Full Text
1127:: 83–92.
1010:magazine?
720:Sociopath
686:optioning
659:starring
607:Ted Bundy
596:delusions
592:psychosis
502:nutrition
332:sociopath
243:(UGA) in
78:Education
1692:Contexts
1572:Archived
1505:6222881M
1288:: 25–27.
1267:14829604
1178:11533259
887:83070625
853:Archived
782:July 24,
709:See also
644:hypnosis
558:hormones
546:metrazol
506:pellagra
492:Vitamins
441:, while
409:semantic
401:dementia
369:hysteria
249:football
1730:Callous
1586:at the
1483:6332084
1156:J. Nutr
1075:3043684
542:insulin
429:aphasia
421:analogy
360:federal
346:during
235:with a
208:heroism
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679:parody
510:niacin
465:that "
451:autism
245:Athens
218:, the
175:, the
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820:Slate
625:with
554:salts
538:comas
423:to a
379:, or
210:(the
1725:Bold
1637:Time
1613:JAMA
1512:2008
1479:PMID
1263:PMID
1174:PMID
1090:JAMA
1071:PMID
1008:Time
883:LCCN
784:2012
752:ISBN
556:and
500:and
268:M.D.
66:Died
40:Born
1621:doi
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