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prey will stop fleeing not because of death, but due to shock caused by the venomous bite. Symptoms are dependent upon species, size, location of bite and the amount of venom injected. In humans, symptoms include nausea, disorientation, and headache; these may be delayed for several hours.
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since toxins that damage the blood also damage other tissues. Injury from a haemotoxic agent is often very painful and can cause permanent damage and in severe cases death. Loss of an affected limb is possible even with prompt treatment.
208:, and similar species). In addition to killing the prey, part of the function of a haemotoxic venom for some animals is to aid digestion. The venom breaks down protein in the region of the bite, making prey easier to digest.
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Igari, R; Iseki, K; Abe, S; Syoji, M; Sato, M; Shimomura, K; Hayashida, A; Sugiura, A; Iwashita, Y; Midorikawa, S (2010).
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270:[Binocular diplopia and ptosis due to snakebite (Agkistrodon blomhoffi "mamushi")--a case report].
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215:. Snakes which envenomate a prey animal may have to track the prey as it flees. Typically, a
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note: some toxins are produced by lower species and pass through intermediate species
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The process by which a haemotoxin causes death is much slower than that of a
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if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and
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243:assay based on—as its name indicates—venom of the
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49:Please review the contents of the article and
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1261:Androctonus australis hector insect toxin
305:Introduction to the special edition of
172:Haemotoxins are frequently employed by
1685:
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307:Journal of Toxicology - Toxin Reviews
257:
18:
16:Toxins that destroy red blood cells
13:
615:Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB)
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237:dilute Russell's viper venom time
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200:or occasionally both (as in the
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23:
1693:Toxins by organ system affected
699:Extracellular adenylate cyclase
235:is detected by changes in the
51:add the appropriate references
1:
851:Fibronectin binding protein A
250:
156:degeneration and generalized
7:
592:Staphylococcus aureus alpha
570:Panton–Valentine leukocidin
267:症例報告 マムシ咬傷により複視・眼瞼下垂をきたした1例
176:animals, including snakes (
36:reliable medical references
10:
1714:
610:Toxic shock syndrome toxin
1662:
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1507:(+)-Allopumiliotoxin 267A
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1006:
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188:). Animal venoms contain
42:or relies too heavily on
900:beta-Nitropropionic acid
266:
223:Haemotoxins are used in
684:Heat-labile enterotoxin
675:heat-stable enterotoxin
196:that are haemotoxic or
793:Bacillus thuringiensis
694:Pseudomonas exotoxin
164:is to some degree a
233:Lupus anticoagulant
1610:Alpha-Bungarotoxin
780:Lipopolysaccharide
738:Pore-forming toxin
202:Mojave rattlesnake
1680:
1679:
1645:
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1615:Beta-Bungarotoxin
1559:Pumiliotoxin 251D
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846:Clumping factor A
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160:damage. The term
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1500:
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1372:Alpha-latrotoxin
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978:Sterigmatocystin
930:, Fumonisin B3,
894:epsilon-amanitin
813:B. thuringiensis
642:Diphtheria toxin
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286:. Archived from
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1637:Cardiotoxin III
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1137:Resiniferatoxin
1002:
855:
837:
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795:delta endotoxin
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689:Pertussis toxin
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534:Listeriolysin O
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309:, 21(1 & 2)
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274:(in Japanese).
272:Brain and Nerve
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245:Russell's viper
227:studies of the
184:) and spiders (
152:, and/or cause
143:red blood cells
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44:primary sources
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1579:Zetekitoxin AB
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1067:Djenkolic acid
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882:alpha-amanitin
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299:External links
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290:on 2013-09-05.
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1569:Samandaridine
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1542:Marinobufagin
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1535:
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1512:Batrachotoxin
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1266:Charybdotoxin
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1177:Solauricidine
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1128:
1125:
1123:
1122:Protoanemonin
1120:
1118:
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1110:
1108:
1107:Oenanthotoxin
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986:
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983:Trichothecene
981:
979:
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971:
969:
966:
964:
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954:
951:
949:
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943:Ibotenic acid
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936:
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929:
925:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
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895:
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886:beta-amanitin
883:
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719:
715:
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680:Cholera toxin
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529:Anthrax toxin
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452:Tetanospasmin
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186:brown recluse
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141:that destroy
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106:November 2021
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67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
21:
20:
1653:
1632:Calcicludine
1622:Calciseptine
1605:Bungarotoxin
1574:Tarichatoxin
1522:Arenobufagin
1486:Tetrodotoxin
1445:Tetrodotoxin
1399:Vanillotoxin
1336:Phaiodotoxin
1239:Invertebrate
1162:Solasodamine
1097:Lotaustralin
932:Fumonisin B4
928:Fumonisin B2
924:Fumonisin B1
910:Cytochalasin
812:
792:
744:
730:
724:Superantigen
716:
672:
560:Streptolysin
501:
482:
463:
444:
366:
306:
288:the original
278:(3): 273–7.
275:
271:
259:
222:
210:
171:
161:
135:hematotoxins
134:
130:
126:
125:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
40:verification
33:
1595:Snake venom
1549:Epibatidine
1537:Cinobufagin
1394:Stromatoxin
1341:Imperatoxin
1291:Scyllatoxin
1197:Tagetitoxin
1192:Swainsonine
1182:Solauricine
1147:Solamargine
1142:Scopolamine
1132:Retronecine
998:Zearalenone
666:Shiga toxin
637:Cord factor
476:Enterotoxin
471:Alpha toxin
465:perfringens
457:Tetanolysin
435:Clostridium
372:hepatotoxin
362:enterotoxin
352:cardiotoxin
229:coagulation
127:Haemotoxins
65:"Hemotoxin"
34:needs more
1698:Hematology
1687:Categories
1627:Taicatoxin
1564:Samandarin
1517:Bufotoxins
1481:Ciguatoxin
1459:Vertebrate
1404:Huwentoxin
1384:Cupiennins
1367:Latrotoxin
1311:Kaliotoxin
1281:Margatoxin
1271:Maurotoxin
1212:Toxalbumin
1202:Tinyatoxin
1187:Strychnine
1172:Solasonine
1167:Solasodine
1152:Solanidine
1072:Falcarinol
1057:Delphinine
973:Phalloidin
963:Ochratoxin
958:Orellanine
948:Lolitrem B
915:Ergotamine
865:Mycotoxins
709:Mechanisms
668:/Verotoxin
605:Exfoliatin
565:Leukocidin
382:phototoxin
377:neurotoxin
251:References
241:laboratory
225:diagnostic
213:neurotoxin
198:neurotoxic
192:and other
182:pit vipers
162:haemotoxin
145:, disrupt
131:hemotoxins
76:newspapers
1532:Bufotenin
1527:Bufotalin
1497:Amphibian
1440:Saxitoxin
1430:Eledoisin
1425:Conotoxin
1296:Hefutoxin
1112:Oleandrin
1092:Linamarin
1082:Helenalin
1042:Cicutoxin
1037:Chaconine
1017:Amygdalin
988:Vomitoxin
938:Gliotoxin
920:Fumonisin
873:Aflatoxin
836:Virulence
772:Endotoxin
503:botulinum
484:difficile
394:Bacterial
367:hemotoxin
357:cytotoxin
217:mammalian
1672:Category
1435:Onchidal
1415:Mollusca
1326:Bestoxin
1321:Birtoxin
1286:Slotoxin
1276:Agitoxin
1251:Scorpion
1207:Tomatine
1157:Solanine
1102:Mimosine
1077:Gossypol
1062:Divicine
1027:Antiarin
1022:Anisatin
953:Muscimol
905:Citrinin
878:Amatoxin
824:Cry34Ab1
752:AB toxin
746:type III
658:negative
416:positive
405:Exotoxin
284:20297733
231:system.
194:proteins
174:venomous
166:misnomer
150:clotting
1590:Reptile
1052:Daphnin
1047:Coniine
1032:Brucine
993:Zeranol
968:Patulin
815:toxins
805:Cry3Bb1
785:Lipid A
732:type II
673:E. coli
425:Bacilli
190:enzymes
90:scholar
55:removed
1462:toxins
1357:Spider
1331:BmKAEP
1301:HgeTx1
1242:toxins
1117:Persin
1010:toxins
838:factor
819:Cry6Aa
811:Other
800:Cry1Ac
718:type I
521:Other:
446:tetani
396:toxins
347:Toxins
282:
204:, the
178:vipers
158:tissue
139:toxins
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
1389:PhTx3
1306:HsTx1
1229:Tutin
1222:Ricin
1217:Abrin
1087:Ledol
1008:Plant
600:delta
548:Cocci
509:Botox
154:organ
147:blood
97:JSTOR
83:books
1471:Fish
1379:CSTX
656:Gram
596:beta
414:Gram
280:PMID
180:and
137:are
69:news
38:for
1346:Pi3
1316:Lq2
756:AB5
133:or
1689::
926:,
892:,
888:,
884:,
276:62
247:.
129:,
57:.
1597::
1592:/
1499::
1473::
1417::
1359::
1253::
934:)
922:(
896:)
880:(
754:/
682:/
598:/
594:/
495:B
490:A
437::
337:e
330:t
323:v
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
47:.
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