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Hellenistic religion

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573: 20: 172: 500: 1313: 564:) for liberating the city, and, as a result, an altar was erected; an annual festival was founded; and an office of the "Priest of the Saviours" was introduced. Temples dedicated to rulers were rare, but their statues were often erected in other temples, and the kings would be worshiped as "temple-sharing gods." 328:
was the most famous of the new religions. The religion was brought to Greece by Egyptian priests, initially for the small Egyptian communities in the port cities of the Greek world. Although the Egyptian religion found only a small audience among the Greeks themselves, her popularity spread under the
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There is, however, no reason to suppose that there was a decline in the traditional religion. There is plenty of documentary evidence that the Greeks continued to worship the same gods with the same sacrifices, dedications, and festivals as in the classical period. New religions did appear in this
203:), which, although dedicated to a specific deity, often contained statues commemorating other gods. The city-states would conduct various festivals and rituals throughout the year, with particular emphasis directed towards the patron god of the city, such as 785:
The decline of Hellenistic Judaism started in the 2nd century CE, and its causes are still not fully understood. It may be that it was eventually marginalized by, partially absorbed into or became progressively the Koine Greek speaking core of
687:. All of these philosophies, to a greater or lesser extent, sought to accommodate traditional Greek religion, but the philosophers, and those who studied under them, remained a small select group, limited largely to the educated elite. 265:. People were indoctrinated into mystery religions through initiation ceremonies, which were traditionally kept secret. These religions often had a goal of personal improvement, which would also extend to the 655:, which taught that the universe was subject to the random movements of atoms, and life should be lived to achieve psychological contentment and the absence of pain. Other philosophies included 603:
Charms, often cut in precious or semi-precious stone, had protective power. Figurines, manufactured from bronze, lead, or terracotta, were pierced with pins or nails, and used to cast spells.
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in the rustle of leaves; the shape of flame and smoke on an altar; the flight of birds; the noises made by a spring; or in the entrails of an animal. Also long established were the
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Another innovation in the Hellenistic period was the institution of cults dedicated to the rulers of the Hellenistic kingdoms. The first of these was established under
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to historical people such as the founder of a city. At the local level, the landscape was filled with sacred spots and monuments; for example, many statues of
1884: 4060: 1707: 647:, which taught that life should be lived according to the rational order which the Stoics believed governed the universe; human beings had to accept their 1722: 621:, where it was originally only applied to the king or nation. The Greeks, in the Hellenistic era, elaborated it into the fantastically complex system of 3935: 1921: 1904: 1899: 1869: 1512: 1879: 1435: 1909: 226:, people who were regarded as semi-divine, such as Achilles, Heracles, and Perseus. Such heroes ranged from the mythical figures in the epics of 4075: 1591: 525:, power, and status had elevated him to a degree that required special recognition. His successors continued his worship to the point where in 4100: 711:
and the Byzantine, Sassanid and Arab conquests of the Eastern and Western Mediterranean Basin, the main centers of Hellenistic Judaism were
3445: 2157: 352:. Serapis was patronized by the Greeks who had settled in Egypt. This religion involved initiation rites like the Eleusinian Mysteries. 4015: 732: 3289: 2929: 1181:
Barr, James (1989). "Chapter 3 - Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek in the Hellenistic age". In Davies, W.D.; Finkelstein, Louis (eds.).
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Walter, N. Jüdisch-hellenistische Literatur vor Philon von Alexandrien (unter Ausschluss der Historiker), ANRW II: 20.1.67-120
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Mikalson, Jon D. (2006), "Greek Religion - Continuity and Change in the Hellenistic Period", in Bugh, Glenn Richard (ed.),
284:. The most significant changes to impact on Greek religion were the importation of foreign deities and the development of 651:
as according to divine will, and virtuous acts should be performed for their own intrinsic value. Another philosophy was
387:, was also popular. By the 3rd century BCE her worship had spread from Syria to Egypt and Greece, and eventually reached 2480: 2048: 1345: 157:, offered a secular alternative to traditional religion, even if their impact was largely limited to educated elites. 4120: 2470: 1295: 1277: 1259: 1241: 1220: 1190: 121:, and this too represented a continuation from earlier times. Throughout the Hellenistic world, people would consult 433:
These newly introduced religions and gods only had a limited impact within Greece itself; the main exception was at
3950: 3311: 708: 548:. Elsewhere, practice varied; a ruler might receive divine status without the full status of a god, as occurred in 288:. Older surveys of Hellenistic religion tended to depict the era as one of religious decline, discerning a rise in 98:. The worship of deified Hellenistic rulers also became a feature of this period, most notably in Egypt, where the 600:. Symbols would be placed on the doors of houses to bring good luck or deter misfortune for the occupants within. 4050: 3985: 3030: 592:
in this period. Oracular shrines and sanctuaries were still popular. There is also much evidence for the use of
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permitted her worship. She was a healing and protecting goddess, and a guardian of fertility and wild nature.
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period, but not to the exclusion of the local deities, and only a minority of Greeks were attracted to them.
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300 BCE to 300 CE). There was much continuity in Hellenistic religion: people continued to worship the
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developed in this era, seeking to determine a person's character and future in the movements of the
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familiar to later times. Interest in astrology grew rapidly from the 1st century BCE onwards.
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Change came from the addition of new religions from other countries, including the
66: 42: 19: 1232:, Angelos (2003), "The Divinity of Hellenistic Rulers", in Erskine, Andrew (ed.), 4095: 4035: 3920: 3768: 3763: 3741: 3661: 3615: 3372: 3326: 3224: 3201: 3184: 3157: 2942: 2809: 2757: 2677: 2510: 2381: 2319: 2257: 2212: 1985: 1931: 1916: 1840: 1818: 1791: 1717: 1556: 1549: 1539: 1397: 1358: 1323: 763: 696: 530: 348:, an Egyptian deity despite the Greek name, which was created in Egypt under the 223: 171: 103: 1211:
Chamoux, François; Roussel, Michel (2002), "Chapter 9 - The Needs of the Soul",
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wrote that the religion was known throughout almost the whole inhabited world.
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character. Linked to this was the last of the Greco-Roman Gods and Goddesses,
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and figurines to deter misfortune or to cast spells. The complex system of
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and the historiographical works of the other Hellenistic Jewish authors.
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area, both founded at the end of the 4th century BCE in the conquests of
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and practices of the people who lived under the influence of ancient
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By doing so, the Ptolemies were adapting earlier Egyptian ideas in
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and Romans who followed the original Roman religions of gods like
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Shipley, Graham (1999), "Chapter 5 - Religion and Philosophy",
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The Cambridge history of Judaism. Volume 2: The Hellenistic Age
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proclaimed his father a god, and made himself a living god.
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to Greece and then to Egypt and Italy, where in 204 BCE the
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An alternative to traditional religion was offered by
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Central to Greek religion in classical times were the
513:("King Antiochus, image of God, bearer of victory"). 2371: 2034: 1407: 1353: 2143: 695:Hellenistic Judaism was a form of Judaism in the 4138: 1270:The Cambridge Companion to the Hellenistic World 368:as being patronized by the most reputable men. 245:Magic was a central part of Greek religion and 1210: 1099: 1097: 1088: 1052: 930: 913: 319: 222:The religious practice would also involve the 2937: 2923: 1339: 1252:The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy 1114: 1112: 1084: 1082: 1027: 1025: 1023: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1004: 979: 977: 975: 746:The major literary product of the contact of 1288:The Greek world after Alexander, 323-30 B.C. 1136: 1124: 926: 924: 922: 909: 907: 905: 903: 890: 888: 886: 884: 510:ΘΕΟΥ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΟΥΣ ΝΙΚΗΦΟΡΟΥ / ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ 410:Another mystery religion was focused around 112:Ptolemaic cult of Alexander III of Macedonia 1155: 1153: 1151: 1094: 160: 2930: 2916: 1346: 1332: 1109: 1079: 1058: 1046: 1020: 1001: 989: 972: 936: 1228: 1142: 1130: 960: 948: 919: 900: 881: 733:Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period 628: 1267: 1148: 1103: 1014: 995: 983: 942: 571: 498: 375:(related to the Babylonian and Assyrian 242:could often be found on street corners. 170: 18: 2236: 1285: 1118: 1064: 1031: 966: 954: 894: 588:There is ample evidence for the use of 102:adapted earlier Egyptian practices and 4139: 800:Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch 739:and traditionalists (sometimes called 731:. Hellenistic Judaism also existed in 690: 607:made from marble or metal (especially 567: 2911: 2877:Christianization of saints and feasts 2634:European Congress of Ethnic Religions 2588: 2379: 2235: 2142: 2033: 1687: 1415: 1327: 1249: 1159: 391:and the west. The religion following 272:In the aftermath of the conquests of 65:and to practice the same rites as in 41:covers any of the various systems of 26:, a Greco-Egyptian god worshipped in 1234:A Companion to the Hellenistic World 1180: 383:), a fertility and sea goddess from 324:The Egyptian religion which follows 735:, where there was conflict between 175:Remains of the Temple of Apollo at 16:Late form of ancient Greek religion 13: 191:. Each god was honored with stone 14: 4158: 4121:Western European and Others Group 1305: 2035:Middle-Eastern and North African 1311: 794:and its traditions, such as the 709:Fall of the Western Roman Empire 643:. One of these philosophies was 249:would allow people to determine 1174: 1165: 1070: 1037: 2649:Polytheistic reconstructionism 1272:, Cambridge University Press, 854:Magic in the Greco-Roman world 675:who followed the teachings of 507:; the Greek inscription reads 484: 238:, and the stylized figures of 106:and established themselves as 1: 2144:Oceanian and Pacific Islander 869: 796:Melkite Greek Catholic Church 58: 1688: 874: 725:Middle East and North Africa 418:. The members were known as 300:, as well as an increase in 7: 1254:, Oxford University Press, 805: 659:which taught how to attain 320:New religions of the period 234:were found near and around 10: 4163: 2380: 1203: 1089:Chamoux & Roussel 2002 1053:Chamoux & Roussel 2002 931:Chamoux & Roussel 2002 914:Chamoux & Roussel 2002 701:Jewish religious tradition 632: 533:, we find Alexander being 509: 488: 164: 3891:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 3871: 3789: 3626: 3461: 3332:Standard Average European 3200: 3029: 2949: 2872:Christianity and paganism 2862: 2676: 2599: 2595: 2589: 2584: 2392: 2388: 2375: 2362: 2248: 2244: 2231: 2153: 2149: 2138: 2044: 2040: 2029: 1698: 1694: 1683: 1426: 1422: 1416: 1411: 1394: 1366: 812:Christianity and paganism 560:were honored as saviors ( 554:Antigonus I Monophthalmus 521:, whose conquests of the 340:Almost as famous was the 286:new philosophical systems 110:within the new syncretic 4031:Lancaster House Treaties 3521:Christian existentialism 3481:Ancient Roman philosophy 3471:Ancient Greek philosophy 1213:Hellenistic Civilization 864:Religion in ancient Rome 611:) were used for curses. 161:Classical Greek religion 3809:Equality before the law 3016:Romano-Germanic culture 1043:Diodorus Siculus, i. 25 721:Greek urban settlements 719:(Turkey), the two main 558:Demetrius I Poliorcetes 539:Ptolemy II Philadelphus 422:, and the rites had an 185:twelve Olympian deities 179:, south-central Greece. 3971:Eastern European Group 3560:Continental philosophy 3491:Judeo-Christian ethics 3476:Hellenistic philosophy 2957:Cradle of civilization 2780:Religion and mythology 2706:Dying and rising deity 2686:Veneration of the dead 2420:Native American Church 752:Ancient Greek religion 665:suspension of judgment 641:Hellenistic philosophy 635:Hellenistic philosophy 629:Hellenistic philosophy 590:superstition and magic 585: 514: 505:Antiochus IV Epiphanes 180: 167:Ancient Greek religion 147:Hellenistic philosophy 117:Many people practiced 39:Ancient Greek religion 30: 4091:Three Seas Initiative 4066:Pacific Islands Forum 3931:British–Irish Council 3679:Greek Orthodox Church 3138:Industrial Revolution 3108:Scientific Revolution 1250:Evans, James (1998), 827:Greco-Roman mysteries 748:Second Temple Judaism 669:Cynicism (philosophy) 623:Hellenistic astrology 575: 502: 489:Further information: 174: 131:Hellenistic astrology 22: 4147:Hellenistic religion 4086:Special Relationship 3496:Christian philosophy 3441:Western Christianity 3103:Age of Enlightenment 2977:Hellenistic Kingdoms 2049:Ancient Near Eastern 1836:Hellenistic religion 1320:at Wikimedia Commons 1318:Hellenistic religion 848:Interpretatio graeca 255:Eleusinian Mysteries 37:as the late form of 35:Hellenistic religion 4111:West Nordic Council 3976:Eastern Partnership 3565:Analytic philosophy 3266:Classical tradition 3088:Early modern period 3044:Classical antiquity 3039:European Bronze Age 2882:Constantinian shift 2604:Neopagan witchcraft 2238:Sub-Saharan African 1236:, Wiley-Blackwell, 1215:, Wiley-Blackwell, 758:translation of the 729:Alexander the Great 691:Hellenistic Judaism 568:Astrology and magic 519:Alexander the Great 274:Alexander the Great 199:, and sanctuaries ( 49:culture during the 3570:Post-structuralism 3533:Christian humanism 3163:Universal suffrage 2822:Trees in mythology 2817:Supernatural magic 2726:Magic and religion 788:Early Christianity 776:Jewish Koine Greek 586: 584:, southern France. 515: 257:, associated with 181: 51:Hellenistic period 31: 4134: 4133: 3961:Council of Europe 3863:International law 3816:Constitutionalism 3674:Eastern Orthodoxy 3180:Post–Cold War era 3113:Age of Revolution 2967:Greco-Roman world 2905: 2904: 2670: 2669: 2666: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2575: 2356: 2355: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2222: 2134: 2133: 2130: 2129: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2020: 1974:Mysteries of Isis 1679: 1678: 1675: 1674: 1316:Media related to 1076:Strabo, xvii.1.17 703:with elements of 552:in 307 BCE, when 546:Pharaonic worship 523:Achaemenid Empire 350:Ptolemaic dynasty 224:worship of heroes 201:sacred enclosures 145:. The systems of 28:Hellenistic Egypt 4154: 4006:EU Customs Union 3538:Secular humanism 3486:Christian ethics 3436:East–West Schism 3419:Physical culture 3143:Great Divergence 3093:Age of Discovery 2932: 2925: 2918: 2909: 2908: 2864:Christianization 2654:Secular paganism 2639:Goddess movement 2609:Cochrane's Craft 2597: 2596: 2586: 2585: 2390: 2389: 2377: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2246: 2245: 2233: 2232: 2151: 2150: 2140: 2139: 2042: 2041: 2031: 2030: 1846:Sacred mysteries 1696: 1695: 1685: 1684: 1424: 1423: 1413: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1398:ethnic religions 1348: 1341: 1334: 1325: 1324: 1315: 1300: 1282: 1264: 1246: 1225: 1197: 1196: 1178: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1157: 1146: 1140: 1134: 1128: 1122: 1116: 1107: 1101: 1092: 1086: 1077: 1074: 1068: 1062: 1056: 1050: 1044: 1041: 1035: 1029: 1018: 1012: 999: 993: 987: 981: 970: 964: 958: 952: 946: 940: 934: 928: 917: 911: 898: 892: 774:, specifically, 768:Biblical Aramaic 537:. Ptolemy's son 535:honored as a god 512: 511: 371:The religion of 335:Diodorus Siculus 104:Greek hero-cults 74:Egyptian deities 67:Classical Greece 60: 4162: 4161: 4157: 4156: 4155: 4153: 4152: 4151: 4137: 4136: 4135: 4130: 4096:UKUSA Agreement 4036:Lublin Triangle 3921:Baltic Assembly 3873: 3867: 3785: 3622: 3457: 3327:Eurolinguistics 3196: 3185:Information age 3158:Interwar period 3025: 2945: 2936: 2906: 2901: 2858: 2758:Myth and ritual 2678:Myth and ritual 2672: 2671: 2658: 2591: 2572: 2525:Turko-Mongolic 2384: 2365: 2358: 2357: 2344: 2240: 2219: 2145: 2126: 2036: 2017: 1690: 1671: 1540:Hindu mythology 1418: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1390: 1362: 1359:modern paganism 1352: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1280: 1262: 1244: 1223: 1206: 1201: 1200: 1193: 1179: 1175: 1170: 1166: 1158: 1149: 1141: 1137: 1129: 1125: 1117: 1110: 1102: 1095: 1087: 1080: 1075: 1071: 1063: 1059: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1038: 1030: 1021: 1013: 1002: 994: 990: 982: 973: 965: 961: 953: 949: 941: 937: 929: 920: 912: 901: 893: 882: 877: 872: 808: 764:Biblical Hebrew 693: 637: 631: 570: 531:Ptolemy I Soter 503:Coin depicting 497: 487: 379:and Phoenician 322: 169: 163: 33:The concept of 17: 12: 11: 5: 4160: 4150: 4149: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4128: 4126:Westernization 4123: 4118: 4113: 4108: 4106:Visegrád Group 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4068: 4063: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4046:Nordic Council 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3941:Bucharest Nine 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3906:Arctic Council 3903: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3877: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3865: 3860: 3855: 3854: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3818: 3813: 3812: 3811: 3801: 3795: 3793: 3787: 3786: 3784: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3750: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3724: 3719: 3714: 3704: 3703: 3702: 3701: 3700: 3690: 3689: 3688: 3683: 3682: 3681: 3671: 3670: 3669: 3659: 3658: 3657: 3632: 3630: 3624: 3623: 3621: 3620: 3619: 3618: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3597: 3596: 3584: 3583: 3582: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3541: 3540: 3535: 3525: 3524: 3523: 3516:Existentialism 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3467: 3465: 3459: 3458: 3456: 3455: 3454: 3453: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3428: 3427: 3426: 3416: 3415: 3414: 3409: 3399: 3398: 3397: 3387: 3382: 3381: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3360: 3359: 3358: 3348: 3347: 3346: 3336: 3335: 3334: 3329: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3303: 3302: 3292: 3287: 3286: 3285: 3275: 3274: 3273: 3263: 3262: 3261: 3251: 3246: 3245: 3244: 3234: 3229: 3228: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3206: 3204: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3194: 3193: 3192: 3187: 3177: 3176: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3100: 3095: 3090: 3080: 3075: 3074: 3073: 3068: 3063: 3053: 3052: 3051: 3049:Late antiquity 3041: 3035: 3033: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3003: 3002: 3001: 3000: 2999: 2994: 2984: 2979: 2974: 2964: 2959: 2953: 2951: 2947: 2946: 2935: 2934: 2927: 2920: 2912: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2899: 2897:Virtuous pagan 2894: 2892:Religio licita 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2868: 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2854:Animal worship 2851: 2846: 2841: 2836: 2835: 2834: 2829: 2819: 2814: 2813: 2812: 2807: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2767: 2766: 2765: 2760: 2750: 2749: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2682: 2680: 2674: 2673: 2668: 2667: 2664: 2663: 2660: 2659: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2614:Feri Tradition 2611: 2606: 2600: 2593: 2592: 2582: 2581: 2578: 2577: 2574: 2573: 2571: 2570: 2569: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2538: 2537: 2536: 2531: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2429: 2424: 2423: 2422: 2417: 2409: 2408: 2407: 2402: 2393: 2386: 2385: 2370: 2368: 2360: 2359: 2354: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2327: 2322: 2317: 2312: 2307: 2302: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2281: 2280: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2255: 2249: 2242: 2241: 2229: 2228: 2225: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2217: 2216: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2154: 2147: 2146: 2136: 2135: 2132: 2131: 2128: 2127: 2125: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2113: 2112: 2102: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2085: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2068: 2067: 2066: 2056: 2051: 2045: 2038: 2037: 2027: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2019: 2018: 2016: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1977: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1946: 1945: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1913: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1867: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1843: 1838: 1828: 1827: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1801: 1796: 1795: 1794: 1784: 1783: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1759: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1732: 1727: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1705: 1699: 1692: 1691: 1681: 1680: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1670: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1612:Tibeto-Burmese 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1553: 1552: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1527: 1522: 1517: 1516: 1515: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1494: 1493: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1427: 1420: 1419: 1406: 1404: 1401:(existing and 1392: 1391: 1389: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1351: 1350: 1343: 1336: 1328: 1322: 1321: 1307: 1306:External links 1304: 1302: 1301: 1296: 1283: 1278: 1265: 1260: 1247: 1242: 1226: 1221: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1191: 1173: 1164: 1147: 1143:Chaniotis 2003 1135: 1131:Chaniotis 2003 1123: 1108: 1093: 1078: 1069: 1057: 1045: 1036: 1019: 1000: 988: 971: 959: 947: 935: 918: 899: 879: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 867: 866: 861: 856: 851: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 822:Greco-Buddhism 819: 814: 807: 804: 699:that combined 692: 689: 633:Main article: 630: 627: 580:discovered in 576:A Hellenistic 569: 566: 486: 483: 321: 318: 165:Main article: 162: 159: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4159: 4148: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4071:PROSUR/PROSUL 4069: 4067: 4064: 4062: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3972: 3969: 3967: 3966:Craiova Group 3964: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3881:ABCANZ Armies 3879: 3878: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3856: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3810: 3807: 3806: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3788: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3709: 3708: 3705: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3694: 3691: 3687: 3686:Protestantism 3684: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3675: 3672: 3668: 3665: 3664: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3649: 3648: 3647: 3644: 3643: 3642: 3639: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3625: 3617: 3614: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3606:Sovereigntism 3604: 3602: 3599: 3595: 3594: 3590: 3589: 3588: 3585: 3581: 3578: 3577: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3529: 3526: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3501:Scholasticism 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3464: 3460: 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3433: 3432: 3429: 3425: 3422: 3421: 3420: 3417: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3404: 3403: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3364: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3353: 3352: 3349: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3324: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3272: 3269: 3268: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3257: 3256: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3243: 3240: 3239: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3212: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3199: 3191: 3190:War on terror 3188: 3186: 3183: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3084: 3083:Modern period 3081: 3079: 3076: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3059: 3058: 3057: 3054: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3034: 3032: 3028: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3004: 2998: 2995: 2993: 2990: 2989: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2939:Western world 2933: 2928: 2926: 2921: 2919: 2914: 2913: 2910: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2811: 2808: 2806: 2803: 2802: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2775:Reincarnation 2773: 2771: 2768: 2764: 2761: 2759: 2756: 2755: 2754: 2751: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2683: 2681: 2679: 2675: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2601: 2598: 2594: 2587: 2583: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2543: 2542: 2539: 2535: 2534:Vattisen Yaly 2532: 2530: 2527: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2450: 2447: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2397: 2395: 2394: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2374: 2369: 2367: 2361: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2260: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2250: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2234: 2230: 2214: 2211: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2191: 2189: 2188:Cook Islander 2186: 2185: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2155: 2152: 2148: 2141: 2137: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2111: 2108: 2107: 2106: 2103: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2090: 2089: 2086: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2069: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2032: 2028: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1996:Baltic Finnic 1994: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1964:Imperial cult 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1951: 1950: 1947: 1943: 1940: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1872: 1871: 1868: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1848: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1832: 1829: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1737: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1686: 1682: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1525:Sunda Wiwitan 1523: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1461:Austroasiatic 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1399: 1393: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1365: 1360: 1356: 1349: 1344: 1342: 1337: 1335: 1330: 1329: 1326: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1309: 1299: 1297:0-415-04618-1 1293: 1290:, Routledge, 1289: 1284: 1281: 1279:0-521-53570-0 1275: 1271: 1266: 1263: 1261:0-19-509539-1 1257: 1253: 1248: 1245: 1243:1-4051-3278-7 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1222:0-631-22242-1 1218: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1194: 1192:9781139055123 1188: 1184: 1177: 1168: 1162:, p. 343 1161: 1156: 1154: 1152: 1145:, p. 439 1144: 1139: 1133:, p. 436 1132: 1127: 1121:, p. 159 1120: 1115: 1113: 1106:, p. 209 1105: 1104:Mikalson 2006 1100: 1098: 1091:, p. 331 1090: 1085: 1083: 1073: 1067:, p. 167 1066: 1061: 1055:, p. 340 1054: 1049: 1040: 1034:, p. 168 1033: 1028: 1026: 1024: 1017:, p. 219 1016: 1015:Mikalson 2006 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 998:, p. 217 997: 996:Mikalson 2006 992: 986:, p. 220 985: 984:Mikalson 2006 980: 978: 976: 969:, p. 170 968: 963: 957:, p. 155 956: 951: 945:, p. 218 944: 943:Mikalson 2006 939: 933:, p. 330 932: 927: 925: 923: 916:, p. 347 915: 910: 908: 906: 904: 897:, p. 154 896: 891: 889: 887: 885: 880: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 849: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 809: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 783: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 744: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 705:Greek culture 702: 698: 697:ancient world 688: 686: 683:who followed 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 636: 626: 624: 620: 616: 612: 610: 606: 605:Curse tablets 601: 599: 595: 591: 583: 579: 574: 565: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 542: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 506: 501: 496: 492: 491:Imperial cult 482: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 431: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 408: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 369: 367: 363: 359: 356:wrote of the 355: 351: 347: 343: 338: 336: 332: 327: 317: 313: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 270: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 243: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 220: 218: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 194: 190: 186: 178: 173: 168: 158: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 115: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 89: 86: 82: 78: 75: 70: 68: 64: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 36: 29: 25: 21: 4116:Western Bloc 3916:AUSCANNZUKUS 3872:Contemporary 3821:Human rights 3753: 3667:Latin Church 3641:Christianity 3591: 3550:Conservatism 3395:contemporary 3232:Architecture 3168:World War II 3128:Emancipation 3123:Abolitionism 3011:Romanization 3006:Roman legacy 2987:Roman Empire 2887:Neoplatonism 2827:Tree of life 2790:Sacred grove 2691:Bear worship 2644:Neoshamanism 2506:Zalmoxianism 2459:Adyghe Habze 2364:Modern pagan 2071:Mesopotamian 1927:Paleo-Balkan 1861:Samothracian 1835: 1740:Old Prussian 1637:Bongthingism 1287: 1269: 1251: 1233: 1212: 1182: 1176: 1167: 1138: 1126: 1119:Shipley 1999 1072: 1065:Shipley 1999 1060: 1048: 1039: 1032:Shipley 1999 991: 967:Shipley 1999 962: 955:Shipley 1999 950: 938: 895:Shipley 1999 859:Neoplatonism 846: 790:centered on 784: 760:Hebrew Bible 745: 715:(Egypt) and 707:. Until the 694: 681:Peripatetics 653:Epicureanism 638: 613: 602: 587: 578:curse tablet 561: 543: 516: 432: 409: 405:Roman Senate 399:) came from 397:Great Mother 396: 381:Baalat Gebal 370: 339: 331:Roman empire 323: 314: 302:superstition 271: 244: 221: 182: 155:Epicureanism 116: 71: 55:Roman Empire 34: 32: 4056:Open Balkan 3874:integration 3804:Rule of law 3799:Natural law 3776:Agnosticism 3754:Hellenistic 3732:Anglo-Saxon 3662:Catholicism 3601:Atlanticism 3506:Rationalism 3312:Immigration 3295:Esotericism 3153:World War I 3118:Romanticism 3098:Reformation 3078:Renaissance 3056:Middle Ages 3021:Christendom 2950:Foundations 2496:Italo-Roman 2400:Ausar Auset 2168:Micronesian 1959:Gallo-Roman 1809:Anglo-Saxon 1607:Satsana Phi 1491:Momolianism 1395:Historical 1376:Panentheism 837:Hermeticism 772:Koine Greek 737:Hellenizers 661:inner peace 485:Ruler cults 469:, a Jewish 294:agnosticism 251:divine will 85:Syrian gods 4076:Rio Treaty 3587:Relativism 3545:Liberalism 3511:Empiricism 3463:Philosophy 3451:Secularism 3402:Philosophy 3339:Literature 3133:Capitalism 2849:Witchcraft 2832:World tree 2770:Orthopraxy 2619:Stregheria 2566:Udmurt Vos 2529:Burkhanism 2437:Dievturība 2415:Mexicayotl 2183:Polynesian 2163:Melanesian 2158:Australian 2076:Babylonian 1890:Lusitanian 1885:Gallaecian 1875:Cantabrian 1851:Eleusinian 1765:Circassian 1761:Caucasian 1750:Lithuanian 1667:Sanamahism 1647:Donyi-Polo 1508:Philippine 1486:Kaharingan 1471:Vietnamese 1386:Polytheism 1160:Evans 1998 870:References 817:Gnosticism 798:, and the 756:Septuagint 713:Alexandria 679:, and the 673:Platonists 657:Pyrrhonism 366:Alexandria 290:scepticism 263:Persephone 187:headed by 149:, such as 125:, and use 83:, and the 63:Greek gods 4021:Five Eyes 4016:EU–UK TCA 3858:Democracy 3747:Old Norse 3636:Abrahamic 3593:Peritrope 3575:Tolerance 3555:Socialism 3385:Mythology 3373:Classical 3322:Languages 3300:Astrology 3148:Modernism 2962:Old World 2800:Sacrifice 2795:Holy well 2763:Mythology 2746:Stone row 2556:Hungarian 2486:Hellenism 2481:Heathenry 2449:Caucasian 2411:American 2405:Godianism 2366:movements 2098:Canaanite 2001:Hungarian 1969:Mithraism 1900:Camunnian 1841:Hero cult 1708:Anatolian 1622:Benzhuism 1617:Bathouism 1545:Dravidian 1476:Indonesia 1446:Mongolian 1381:Pantheism 1230:Chaniotis 875:Citations 832:Hellenism 741:Judaizers 685:Aristotle 619:Babylonia 615:Astrology 582:Eyguières 495:Hero cult 471:Synagogue 455:Asclepius 424:orgiastic 420:Bacchants 373:Atargatis 358:Serapeion 310:astrology 306:mysticism 278:Near East 267:afterlife 100:Ptolemies 96:afterlife 88:Atargatis 4141:Category 4081:Schengen 4011:Eurozone 3851:Property 3846:Religion 3737:Frankish 3727:Germanic 3707:Paganism 3628:Religion 3616:European 3528:Humanism 3431:Religion 3390:Painting 3356:Internet 3307:Folklore 3278:Clothing 3249:Calendar 3225:Cyrillic 3210:Alphabet 3173:Cold War 2731:Megalith 2721:Idolatry 2716:Folklore 2546:Estonian 2501:Kemetism 2476:Canarian 2427:Armenian 2396:African 2315:Malagasy 2285:Dahomean 2263:Bushongo 2208:Tahitian 2203:Rapa Nui 2193:Hawaiian 2081:Sumerian 2059:Egyptian 1981:Scythian 1942:Thracian 1937:Illyrian 1905:Ligurian 1814:Frankish 1804:Germanic 1799:Etruscan 1775:Ossetian 1770:Georgian 1730:Armenian 1723:Phrygian 1703:Albanian 1689:European 1657:Kiratism 1577:Ryukyuan 1535:Hinduism 1481:Parmalim 1466:Sarnaism 1451:Tengrism 1403:extinct) 1355:Paganism 842:Humanism 806:See also 645:Stoicism 428:Antinous 416:Anatolia 412:Dionysus 395:(or the 151:Stoicism 108:Pharaohs 53:and the 3926:Benelux 3831:Thought 3781:Atheism 3722:Finnish 3698:Culture 3693:Judaism 3655:Eastern 3651:Western 3646:Culture 3580:Paradox 3446:Decline 3407:Science 3283:History 3271:Studies 3254:Cuisine 3242:Periods 3202:Culture 3031:History 2997:Eastern 2992:Western 2943:culture 2701:Tumulus 2629:Druidry 2561:Mordvin 2551:Finnish 2516:Semitic 2464:Uatsdin 2325:Odinani 2305:Lugbara 2173:Nauruan 2110:Persian 2105:Iranian 2093:Arabian 2088:Semitic 2054:Hurrian 1922:Nuragic 1910:Umbrian 1896:Italic 1870:Iberian 1780:Vainakh 1745:Latvian 1713:Hittite 1642:Burmese 1627:Bimoism 1562:Punjabi 1530:Chinese 1513:Tagalog 1498:Kejawèn 1371:Animism 1204:Sources 792:Antioch 754:is the 723:of the 717:Antioch 562:soteres 479:Neptune 467:Astarte 443:Artemis 401:Phrygia 362:Canopus 346:Serapis 298:atheism 259:Demeter 247:oracles 236:springs 217:Corinth 197:statues 193:temples 177:Corinth 143:planets 123:oracles 81:Serapis 43:beliefs 24:Serapis 3946:CANZUK 3836:Speech 3764:Slavic 3742:Gothic 3717:Celtic 3712:Baltic 3611:Values 3412:Values 2972:Greece 2844:Virtue 2805:animal 2785:Ritual 2741:Menhir 2736:Dolmen 2541:Uralic 2521:Slavic 2511:Romani 2471:Celtic 2454:Abkhaz 2442:Romuva 2432:Baltic 2382:Ethnic 2340:Somali 2310:Maasai 2213:Tongan 2178:Papuan 2117:Berber 2064:Nubian 1991:Uralic 1986:Slavic 1954:Cybele 1932:Dacian 1917:Minoan 1880:Castro 1856:Orphic 1819:Gothic 1787:Celtic 1757:Basque 1735:Baltic 1718:Lydian 1652:Heraka 1582:Korean 1572:Shinto 1557:Kalash 1520:Marapu 1456:Turkic 1441:Manchu 1436:Altaic 1294:  1276:  1258:  1240:  1219:  1189:  598:curses 594:charms 550:Athens 529:under 475:Apollo 453:, and 447:Hermes 439:Apollo 393:Cybele 377:Inanna 354:Strabo 333:, and 308:, and 240:Hermes 232:Nymphs 213:Apollo 209:Athens 205:Athena 141:, and 127:charms 4101:USMCA 3956:CEFTA 3911:AUKUS 3901:ANZUS 3896:ANZUK 3841:Press 3759:Roman 3424:Sport 3368:Chant 3363:Music 3351:Media 3344:Canon 3290:Dance 3220:Latin 3215:Greek 3061:early 2839:Totem 2810:human 2711:Ethos 2624:Wicca 2590:Other 2491:Hindu 2335:Serer 2320:Mbuti 2300:Hausa 2290:Dinka 2268:Kongo 2258:Bantu 2198:Māori 2122:Punic 1949:Roman 1831:Greek 1824:Norse 1792:Irish 1662:Qiang 1567:Vedic 1550:Tamil 1503:Malay 1417:Asian 1357:(and 780:Philo 762:from 677:Plato 527:Egypt 459:Hadad 435:Delos 389:Italy 385:Syria 364:near 282:Egypt 228:Homer 211:, or 119:magic 92:Hadad 47:Greek 4061:OSCE 4041:NATO 3986:EFTA 3951:CBSS 3936:BSEC 3826:Life 3378:Folk 3259:Diet 3071:late 3066:high 2982:Rome 2941:and 2753:Myth 2696:Blót 2295:Efik 2278:Zulu 2273:Lozi 2253:Akan 2011:Sami 2006:Mari 1597:Ahom 1587:Miao 1431:Ainu 1292:ISBN 1274:ISBN 1256:ISBN 1238:ISBN 1217:ISBN 1187:ISBN 766:and 750:and 663:via 649:fate 609:lead 596:and 556:and 493:and 477:and 465:and 463:Baal 441:and 342:cult 326:Isis 296:and 280:and 261:and 195:and 189:Zeus 153:and 139:moon 90:and 79:and 77:Isis 4051:OAS 3996:ESA 3991:EPC 3981:EEA 3886:AER 3791:Law 3769:Neo 3317:Law 3237:Art 2330:San 1632:Bon 1592:Tai 770:to 743:). 451:Pan 360:at 344:of 215:at 207:at 135:sun 4143:: 4026:G7 4001:EU 1602:Mo 1150:^ 1111:^ 1096:^ 1081:^ 1022:^ 1003:^ 974:^ 921:^ 902:^ 883:^ 802:. 667:; 481:. 449:, 312:. 304:, 292:, 269:. 219:. 137:, 69:. 59:c. 3653:/ 2931:e 2924:t 2917:v 1361:) 1347:e 1340:t 1333:v 1195:. 57:(

Index


Serapis
Hellenistic Egypt
Ancient Greek religion
beliefs
Greek
Hellenistic period
Roman Empire
Greek gods
Classical Greece
Egyptian deities
Isis
Serapis
Syrian gods
Atargatis
Hadad
afterlife
Ptolemies
Greek hero-cults
Pharaohs
Ptolemaic cult of Alexander III of Macedonia
magic
oracles
charms
Hellenistic astrology
sun
moon
planets
Hellenistic philosophy
Stoicism

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