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all weathers, those who wish to wash their hands or to fetch or to fetch a cup of water, have to walk over several hundred feet of irregular, dirty ground, strewn with rubble and refuse, and filled, after a rainfall, with stagnant pools of muddy water in which throngs of idle children are allowed to dabble at will... Not a single practical step has been taken to provide tuition..."
218:
Lazarus volunteered in the HEAS employment bureau; she eventually became a strong critic of the organization. Lazarus wrote of HEAS's Schiff
Shelter on Wards Island, "Not a drop of running water is to be found in the dormitories or refectories, or in any of the other buildings, except the kitchen. In
199:, writing in 2000, called the organization, "Probably the least admirable of the multitude of charities established by uptown German Jews for their immigrant brethren...," operating "imperiously" and never consulting with the recent immigrants it was ostensibly intended to help.
195:
Founded by German Jewish
Americans, HEAS has been widely criticized for its high-handedness toward the Eastern European Jewish immigrants arriving in this period. For example, Richard F. Shepard and
333:, refers to immigrants "held... virtually as prisoners," and compares the treatment in the shelter to that of slaves in the American South and to "czarist oppression" (p. 51).
410:
415:
400:
329:, in an extended critique, remarks (p. 50) on the meagerness of the meals in the shelters, writes that the shelters were recruiting points for
420:
254:. The group—not to be confused with HIAS, the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society—ceased functioning in 1884. The work of HEAS was taken over by
425:
405:
395:
351:
306:
Live & be Well: A Celebration of
Yiddish Culture in America from the First Immigrants to the Second World War
156:
HEAS was founded in New York City on
November 27, 1881, and operated until 1884. Its work was then taken over by
372:
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At the Edge of a Dream: The Story of Jewish
Immigrants on New York's Lower East Side, 1880-1920
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8:
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250:. p. 40. Quote: "HEAS Agents were notorious in their mistreatment of immigrants at
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Cultures of
Opposition: Jewish Immigrant Workers, New York City, 1881-1905
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148:, but was involved in some of the same areas of charitable work.
160:. The organization ran shelters for recent Jewish immigrants at
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in
Brooklyn. The organization favored limits on immigration.
132:
Cover of Hebrew
Emigrant Aid Society annual report for 1882.
145:
284:(2000), SUNY Press SUNY series in American Labor History,
144:
charitable organization. It is distinct from the later
271:, Nov. 28, 1881, p. 8. Mentions founding date of HEAS.
16:Late 19th-century American charitable organization
367:(2008), Random House (Jewish Encounters series),
387:
346:. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1977: 123.
344:The Poetry of American Women from 1632 to 1945
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298:
202:Among HEAS's most famous volunteers was poet
168:prior to the 1892 opening of the facility at
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411:Jewish charities based in the United States
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379:; quotation from Lazarus is on p. 149-150.
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229:
416:Jewish organizations established in 1881
214:", now inscribed on the pedestal of the
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401:Jewish-American political organizations
388:
304:Richard F. Shepard, Vicki Gold Levi,
421:1881 establishments in New York City
164:, New York's immigration center at
13:
354:. Citation for "The New Colossus".
308:(2000), Rutgers University Press,
14:
437:
426:Charities based in New York City
406:Jewish refugee aid organizations
396:Immigration to the United States
109:
242:(2007), John Wiley & Sons,
140:(HEAS) was a late 19th-century
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319:
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1:
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267:"Aid for Hebrew Emigrants",
146:Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society
96:New York City, United States
64:; 140 years ago
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138:Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society
20:Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society
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206:, best known for her 1883
176:near the meeting point of
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88:Aid for Jewish immigrants
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256:United Hebrew Charities
158:United Hebrew Charities
46:; 142 years ago
36:United Hebrew Charities
327:Cultures of Opposition
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44:November 27, 1881
342:Watts, Emily Stipes.
238:Lawrence J. Epstein,
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269:The New York Times
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325:Hadassa Kosak in
216:Statue of Liberty
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197:Vicki Gold Levi
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365:Emma Lazarus
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204:Emma Lazarus
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174:Wards Island
170:Ellis Island
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93:Headquarters
25:Abbreviation
292:. p. 49-50.
166:the Battery
390:Categories
373:0805242759
331:scab labor
314:0813528127
290:0791445836
248:0787986224
223:References
190:Greenpoint
80:Non-profit
51:1881-11-27
375:. p. 148
182:The Bronx
178:Manhattan
59:Dissolved
41:Formation
33:Successor
377:et. seq.
142:American
101:Location
316:. p.79.
152:History
85:Purpose
67: (
49: (
371:
350:
312:
288:
246:
208:sonnet
188:; and
186:Queens
114:
369:ISBN
348:ISBN
310:ISBN
286:ISBN
258:..."
244:ISBN
184:and
136:The
77:Type
69:1884
62:1884
28:HEAS
392::
297:^
231:^
180:,
172:;
210:"
71:)
53:)
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