487:
in particular for pre-existing conditions (usually referred to within the industry as PEA, which stands for "pre-existing ailment"). Funds are entitled to impose a waiting period of up to 12 months on benefits for any medical condition the signs and symptoms of which existed during the six months ending on the day the person first took out insurance. They are also entitled to impose a 12-month waiting period for benefits for treatment relating to an obstetric condition, and a 2-month waiting period for all other benefits when a person first takes out private insurance. Funds have the discretion to reduce or remove such waiting periods in individual cases. They are also free not to impose them, to begin with, but this would place such a fund at risk of "adverse selection", attracting a disproportionate number of members from other funds, or from the pool of intending members who might otherwise have joined other funds. It would also attract people with existing medical conditions, who might not otherwise have taken out insurance at all because of the denial of benefits for 12 months due to the PEA Rule. The benefits paid out for these conditions would create pressure on premiums for all the fund's members, causing some to drop their membership, which would lead to further rises in premiums, and a vicious cycle of higher premiums-leaving members would ensue.
554:. This public insurance is tax-funded out of general government revenues, although British Columbia and Ontario levy a mandatory premium with flat rates for individuals and families to generate additional revenues – in essence, a surtax. Private health insurance is allowed, but in six provincial governments only for services that the public health plans do not cover (for example, semi-private or private rooms in hospitals and prescription drug plans). Four provinces allow insurance for services also mandated by the Canada Health Act, but in practice, there is no market for it. All Canadians are free to use private insurance for elective medical services such as laser vision correction surgery, cosmetic surgery, and other non-basic medical procedures. Some 65% of Canadians have some form of supplementary private health insurance; many of them receive it through their employers. Private-sector services not paid for by the government account for nearly 30 percent of total health care spending.
274:(Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974) plan. Typically, these companies promote themselves as having ties to major insurance providers. However, in the context of an ERISA plan, these insurance companies do not actively participate in insurance practices; instead, they handle administrative tasks. Consequently, ERISA plans are exempt from state regulations and fall under federal jurisdiction, overseen by the US Department of Labor (USDOL). Specific details about benefits or coverage can be found in the Summary Plan Description (SPD). Should there be a need for an appeal, the process typically involves initiating it through the insurance company and then reaching out to the Employer's Plan Fiduciary. If a resolution is still not achieved, the decision can be escalated to the USDOL for review to ensure compliance with ERISA regulations, and, if necessary, legal action can be taken by filing a lawsuit in federal court.
667:
funds (there are five: General, Independent, Agricultural, Student, Public
Servants) now all reimburse at the same rate. Secondly, since 2000, the government now provides health care to those who are not covered by a mandatory regime (those who have never worked and who are not students, meaning the very rich or the very poor). This regime, unlike the worker-financed ones, is financed via general taxation and reimburses at a higher rate than the profession-based system for those who cannot afford to make up the difference. Finally, to counter the rise in health care costs, the government has installed two plans, (in 2004 and 2006), which require insured people to declare a referring doctor in order to be fully reimbursed for specialist visits, and which installed a mandatory co-pay of €1 for a doctor visit, €0.50 for each box of medicine prescribed, and a fee of €16–18 per day for hospital stays and for expensive procedures.
910:(ACC). The ACC scheme covers most of the costs of related to treatment of injuries acquired in New Zealand (including overseas visitors) regardless of how the injury occurred, and also covers lost income (at 80 percent of the employee's pre-injury income) and costs related to long-term rehabilitation, such as home and vehicle modifications for those seriously injured. Funding from the scheme comes from a combination of levies on employers' payroll (for work injuries), levies on an employee's taxable income (for non-work injuries to salary earners), levies on vehicle licensing fees and petrol (for motor vehicle accidents), and funds from the general taxation pool (for non-work injuries to children, senior citizens, unemployed people, overseas visitors, etc.)
1158:
Policy Group (i.e. Senior physicians) stating that the BMA was "extremely concerned that the policies of some private healthcare insurance companies are preventing or restricting patients exercising choice about (i) the consultants who treat them; (ii) the hospital at which they are treated; (iii) making top up payments to cover any gap between the funding provided by their insurance company and the cost of their chosen private treatment." It went in to "call on the BMA to publicise these concerns so that patients are fully informed when making choices about private healthcare insurance." The practice of insurance companies deciding which consultant a patient may see as opposed to GPs or patients is referred to as
880:. Moral hazard is avoided by mandating that insurance companies provide at least one policy that meets a government set minimum standard level of coverage, and all adult residents are obliged by law to purchase this coverage from an insurance company of their choice. All insurance companies receive funds from the equalization pool to help cover the cost of this government-mandated coverage. This pool is run by a regulator which collects salary-based contributions from employers, which make up about 50% of all health care funding, and funding from the government to cover people who cannot afford health care, which makes up an additional 5%.
503:: People whose taxable income is greater than a specified amount (in the 2011/12 financial year $ 80,000 for singles and $ 168,000 for couples) and who do not have an adequate level of private hospital cover must pay a 1% surcharge on top of the standard 1.5% Medicare Levy. The rationale is that if the people in this income group are forced to pay more money one way or another, most would choose to purchase hospital insurance with it, with the possibility of a benefit if they need private hospital treatment – rather than pay it in the form of extra tax as well as having to meet their own private hospital costs.
1126:
reconstructive or weight loss treatment; deafness; dental/oral treatment (such as fillings, gum disease, jaw shrinkage, etc.); dialysis; drugs and dressings for out-patient or take-home use† ; experimental drugs and treatment; eyesight; HRT and bone densitometry; learning difficulties, behavioural and developmental problems; overseas treatment and repatriation; physical aids and devices; pre-existing or special conditions; pregnancy and childbirth; screening and preventive treatment; sleep problems and disorders; speech disorders; temporary relief of symptoms. († = except in exceptional circumstances)
1282:, argued this provision was required in order to provide "guaranteed issue" and a "community rating," which address unpopular features of America's health insurance system such as premium weightings, exclusions for pre-existing conditions, and the pre-screening of insurance applicants. During 26–28 March, the Supreme Court heard arguments regarding the validity of the Act. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was determined to be constitutional on 28 June 2012. The Supreme Court determined that Congress had the authority to apply the individual mandate within its taxing powers.
845:
1338:
377:
550:, the federal government mandates and enforces the requirement that all people have free access to what are termed "medically necessary services," defined primarily as care delivered by physicians or in hospitals, and the nursing component of long-term residential care. If provinces allow doctors or institutions to charge patients for medically necessary services, the federal government reduces its payments to the provinces by the amount of the prohibited charges. Collectively, the public provincial health insurance systems in Canada are frequently referred to as
892:
buying the same policy, and every person will get at least the minimum level of coverage. This applies to all people permanently living and working in the
Netherlands. International students that move to the Netherlands for study purposes have to take out compulsory Dutch health insurance if they also decide to work (zero-hour contracts included) or do a paid internship during their stay. In that case, they'll need to take out the compulsory basic package of Dutch health insurance. Additional insurance is optional, depending on the student's personal needs.
515:: The government subsidises the premiums for all private health insurance cover, including hospital and ancillary (extras), by 10%, 20% or 30%, depending on age. The Rudd Government announced in May 2009 that as of July 2010, the Rebate would become means-tested, and offered on a sliding scale. While this move (which would have required legislation) was defeated in the Senate at the time, in early 2011 the Gillard Government announced plans to reintroduce the legislation after the Opposition loses the balance of power in the Senate. The
472:. Some, such as Police Health, have membership restricted to particular groups, but the majority have open membership. Membership to most health funds is now also available through comparison websites. These comparison sites operate on a commission-basis by agreement with their participating health funds. The Private Health Insurance Ombudsman also operates a free website that allows consumers to search for and compare private health insurers' products, which includes information on price and level of cover.
659:
of doctors and experts decides if the medicine provides a valuable enough medical benefit to be reimbursed (most medicine is reimbursed, including homeopathy). In parallel, the government fixes the reimbursement rate for medical services: this means that a doctor is free to charge the fee that he wishes for a consultation or an examination, but the social security system will only reimburse it at a pre-set rate. These tariffs are set annually through negotiation with doctors' representative organisations.
7107:
497:: If a person has not taken out private hospital cover by 1 July after their 31st birthday, then when (and if) they do so after this time, their premiums must include a loading of 2% per annum for each year they were without hospital cover. Thus, a person taking out private cover for the first time at age 40 will pay a 20 percent loading. The loading is removed after 10 years of continuous hospital cover. The loading applies only to premiums for hospital cover, not to ancillary (extras) cover.
968:
hospitals or, ward A or B1. However, insured is still required to pay a portion of the bill amount. This is in accordance with
Singapore's healthcare philosophy which promotes personal responsibility with getting individuals to share the cost of healthcare. With this philosophy, deductible, co-insurance and peroration are applied on most of the Health Insurance plans in Singapore. Such health insurance plans provide an option to purchase a health insurance rider to cover these charges.
396:
306:: Instead of, or in addition to, paying a fixed amount up front (a co-payment), the co-insurance is a percentage of the total cost that an insured person may also pay. For example, the member might have to pay 20% of the cost of a surgery over and above a co-payment, while the insurance company pays the other 80%. If there is an upper limit on coinsurance, the policy-holder could end up owing very little, or a great deal, depending on the actual costs of the services they obtain.
187:
129:
959:, is a universal health insurance covering all Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents. MediShield Life covers hospitalization costs for a stay in ward B2 or C in a Public hospital. For the hospitalization in a Private hospital, or in ward A or B1 in Public hospital, MediShield Life coverage is pegged to B2 or C ward prices and insured is required to pay the remaining bill amount. This remaining bill amount can be paid using
1224:(AHRQ) found that in 2011, private insurance was billed for 12.2 million U.S. inpatient hospital stays and incurred approximately $ 112.5 billion in aggregate inpatient hospital costs (29% of the total national aggregate costs). Public programs provide the primary source of coverage for most senior citizens and for low-income children and families who meet certain eligibility requirements. The primary public programs are
348:: A document that may be sent by an insurer to a patient explaining what was covered for a medical service, and how payment amount and patient responsibility amount were determined. In the case of emergency room billing, patients are notified within 30 days post service. Patients are rarely notified of the cost of emergency room services in-person due to patient conditions and other logistics until receipt of this letter.
88:
732:
chief consideration for hospital reimbursement is the number of hospital days as opposed to procedures or diagnosis. Drug costs have increased substantially, rising nearly 60% from 1991 through 2005. Despite attempts to contain costs, overall health care expenditures rose to 10.7% of GDP in 2005, comparable to other western
European nations, but substantially less than that spent in the U.S. (nearly 16% of GDP).
1173:
Buisson, in
November 2012, estimated that more than 250,000 operations were performed on patients with private medical insurance each year at a cost of £359 million. In addition, £609 million was spent on emergency medical or surgical treatment. Private medical insurance does not normally cover emergency treatment but subsequent recovery could be paid for if the patient were moved into a private patient unit.
4227:
829:
Japanese citizens, permanent residents, and non-Japanese with a visa lasting one year or longer are required to be enrolled in either
National Health Insurance or Employee Health Insurance. National Health Insurance is designed for those who are not eligible for any employment-based health insurance program. The Late-stage Elderly Medical System is designed for people who are age 75 and older.
1416:, called consumer-driven healthcare plans which place more costs on employees, while employees benefit by paying lower monthly premiums. Additionally, having a high-deductible plan allows employees to open a health savings account, which allows them to contribute pre-tax savings towards future medical needs. Some employers will offer multiple plans to their employees.
1028:(within three months of taking up residence or being born in the country). It is therefore the same throughout the country and avoids double standards in healthcare. Insurers are required to offer this basic insurance to everyone, regardless of age or medical condition. They are not allowed to make a profit off this basic insurance, but can on supplemental plans.
546:, the armed forces, and Members of Parliament). Consequently, each province administers its own health insurance program. The federal government influences health insurance by virtue of its fiscal powers – it transfers cash and tax points to the provinces to help cover the costs of the universal health insurance programs. Under the
861:, the Late-stage Elderly Medical System represents one third of the country's total healthcare cost. When retiring employees shift from Employee Health Insurance to the Late-stage Elderly Medical System, the national cost of health insurance is expected to increase since individual healthcare costs tend to increase with age.
1043:
selecting an insurance company to which one pays a premium, usually on a monthly basis. The insured person pays the insurance premium for the basic plan up to 8% of their personal income. If a premium is higher than this, the government gives the insured person a cash subsidy to pay for any additional premium.
602:(GHS, also known as GESY) which is an independent insurance fund through which clinics, private doctors, pharmacists, laboratories, microbiological laboratories, and physiotherapists will be paid so that they can offer medical care to permanent residents of Cyprus who will be paying contributions to this fund.
362:"reasonable and customary" charges, which may be less than the provider's usual fee. The provider may also have a separate contract with the insurer to accept what amounts to a discounted rate or capitation to the provider's standard charges. It generally costs the patient less to use an in-network provider.
300:: The amount that the insured person must pay out of pocket before the health insurer pays for a particular visit or service. For example, an insured person might pay a $ 45 co-payment for a doctor's visit, or to obtain a prescription. A co-payment must be paid each time a particular service is obtained.
1321:
by for-profit corporations. State legislatures had to intervene and expressly legalize health insurance as an exception to that traditional rule. Today, most comprehensive private health insurance programs cover the cost of routine, preventive, and emergency health care procedures. They also cover or
1260:
companies began to appear to help patients deal with the complexities of the healthcare system. The complexity of the healthcare system has resulted in a variety of problems for the
American public. A study found that 62 percent of persons declaring bankruptcy in 2007 had unpaid medical expenses of $
1050:
As far as the compulsory health insurance is concerned, the insurance companies cannot set any conditions relating to age, sex or state of health for coverage. Although the level of premium can vary from one company to another, they must be identical within the same company for all insured persons of
1046:
The compulsory insurance can be supplemented by private "complementary" insurance policies that allow for coverage of some of the treatment categories not covered by the basic insurance or to improve the standard of room and service in case of hospitalization. This can include complementary medicine,
1031:
The universal compulsory coverage provides for treatment in case of illness or accident and pregnancy. Health insurance covers the costs of medical treatment, medication and hospitalization of the insured. However, the insured person pays part of the costs up to a maximum, which can vary based on the
840:
The Late-stage
Elderly Medical System began in 1983 following the Health Care for the Aged Law of 1982. It allowed many health insurance systems to offer financial assistance to elderly people. There is a medical coverage fee. To be eligible, those insured must be either: older than 70, or older than
828:
There are three major types of insurance programs available in Japan: Employee Health
Insurance (健康保険 Kenkō-Hoken), National Health Insurance (国民健康保険 Kokumin-Kenkō-Hoken), and the Late-stage Elderly Medical System (後期高齢医療制度 Kouki-Kourei-Iryouseido). Although private health insurance is available, all
700:
Beginning with 10% of blue-collar workers in 1885, mandatory insurance has expanded; in 2009, insurance was made mandatory on all citizens, with private health insurance for the self-employed or above an income threshold. As of 2016, 85% of the population is covered by the compulsory
Statutory Health
658:
The first government responsibility is the fixing of the rate at which medical expenses should be negotiated, and it does so in two ways: The Ministry of Health directly negotiates prices of medicine with the manufacturers, based on the average price of sale observed in neighboring countries. A board
506:
The Australian government announced in May 2008 that it proposes to increase the thresholds, to $ 100,000 for singles and $ 150,000 for families. These changes require legislative approval. A bill to change the law has been introduced but was not passed by the Senate. An amended version was passed on
403:
The Commonwealth Fund completed its thirteenth annual health policy survey in 2010. A study of the survey "found significant differences in access, cost burdens, and problems with health insurance that are associated with insurance design". Of the countries surveyed, the results indicated that people
1316:
business model. During the middle-to-late 20th century, traditional disability insurance evolved into modern health insurance programs. One major obstacle to this development was that early forms of comprehensive health insurance were enjoined by courts for violating the traditional ban on corporate
1304:
Accident insurance was first offered in the United States by the Franklin Health Assurance Company of Massachusetts. This firm, founded in 1850, offered insurance against injuries arising from railroad and steamboat accidents. Sixty organizations were offering accident insurance in the U.S. by 1866,
967:
As the MediShield Life benefits are capped for B2 or C ward hospitalization in public hospitals, Integrated Shield plans provide coverage for the hospitalization in private hospitals, or ward A or B1 in public hospitals. Integrated Shield insurance plans cover large hospitalization bills for Private
731:
Co-payments were introduced in the 1980s in an attempt to prevent over utilization. The average length of hospital stay in Germany has decreased in recent years from 14 days to 9 days, still considerably longer than average stays in the United States (5 to 6 days). Part of the difference is that the
507:
16 October 2008. There have been criticisms that the changes will cause many people to drop their private health insurance, causing a further burden on the public hospital system, and a rise in premiums for those who stay with the private system. Other commentators believe the effect will be minimal.
486:
The private health system in Australia operates on a "community rating" basis, whereby premiums do not vary solely because of a person's previous medical history, the current state of health, or (generally speaking) their age (but see Lifetime Health Cover below). Balancing this are waiting periods,
331:
Out-of-Network Provider: A health care provider that has not contracted with the plan. If using an out-of-network provider, the patient may have to pay full cost of the benefits and services received from that provider. Even for emergency services, out-of-network providers may bill patients for some
293:
before the health insurer pays its share. For example, policy-holders might have to pay a $ 7500 deductible per year, before any of their health care is covered by the health insurer. It may take several doctor's visits or prescription refills before the insured person reaches the deductible and the
883:
The remaining 45% of health care funding comes from insurance premiums paid by the public, for which companies compete on price, though the variation between the various competing insurers is only about 5%. However, insurance companies are free to sell additional policies to provide coverage beyond
266:
between an insurance provider (e.g. an insurance company or a government) and an individual or his/her sponsor (that is an employer or a community organization). The contract can be renewable (annually, monthly) or lifelong in the case of private insurance. It can also be mandatory for all citizens
1172:
Nearly one in three patients receiving NHS hospital treatment is privately insured and could have the cost paid for by their insurer. Some private schemes provide cash payments to patients who opt for NHS treatment, to deter use of private facilities. A report, by private health analysts Laing and
963:
but limits are applied on the MediSave usage. MediShield Life does not cover overseas medical expenses and the treatment of serious pre-existing illnesses for which one has been receiving treatment during the 12 months before the start of the MediShield Life coverage. MediShield Life also does not
891:
Insurance companies are not allowed to have co-payments, caps, or deductibles, or deny coverage to any person applying for a policy, or charge anything other than their nationally set and published standard premiums. Therefore, every person buying insurance will pay the same price as everyone else
674:
Finally, for fees that the mandatory system does not cover, there is a large range of private complementary insurance plans available. The market for these programs is very competitive, and often subsidised by the employer, which means that premiums are usually modest. 85% of French people benefit
666:
Today, this system is more or less intact. All citizens and legal foreign residents of France are covered by one of these mandatory programs, which continue to be funded by worker participation. However, since 1945, a number of major changes have been introduced. Firstly, the different health care
650:
The resulting programme is profession-based: all people working are required to pay a portion of their income to a not-for-profit health insurance fund, which mutualises the risk of illness, and which reimburses medical expenses at varying rates. Children and spouses of insured people are eligible
361:
Some, if not most, health care providers in the United States will agree to bill the insurance company if patients are willing to sign an agreement that they will be responsible for the amount that the insurance company does not pay. The insurance company pays out of network providers according to
282:
Premium: The amount the policy-holder or their sponsor (e.g. an employer) pays to the health plan to purchase health coverage. (US specific) According to the healthcare law, a premium is calculated using 5 specific factors regarding the insured person. These factors are age, location, tobacco use,
2286:
Carrin and James have identified 1988—105 years after Bismarck's first sickness fund laws—as the date Germany achieved universal health coverage through this series of extensions to minimum benefit packages and expansions of the enrolled population. Bärnighausen and Sauerborn have quantified this
327:
In-Network Provider: (U.S. term) A health care provider on a list of providers preselected by the insurer. The insurer will offer discounted coinsurance or co-payments, or additional benefits, to a plan member to see an in-network provider. Generally, providers in network are providers who have a
1265:
exceeded $ 5000. Nearly 80 percent who filed for bankruptcy had health insurance. The Medicare and Medicaid programs were estimated to soon account for 50 percent of all national health spending. These factors and many others fueled interest in an overhaul of the health care system in the United
1084:
system that provides coverage to everyone normally resident in the UK. It is not strictly an insurance system because (a) there are no premiums collected, (b) costs are not charged at the patient level and (c) costs are not pre-paid from a pool. However, it does achieve the main aim of insurance
832:
National Health Insurance is organised on a household basis. Once a household has applied, the entire family is covered. Applicants receive a health insurance card, which must be used when receiving treatment at a hospital. There is a required monthly premium, but co-payments are standardized so
357:
of the plan. Such plans are routinely part of national health insurance programs. For example, in the province of Quebec, Canada, prescription drug insurance is universally required as part of the public health insurance plan, but may be purchased and administered either through private or group
313:
Coverage limits: Some health insurance policies only pay for health care up to a certain dollar amount. The insured person may be expected to pay any charges in excess of the health plan's maximum payment for a specific service. In addition, some insurance company schemes have annual or lifetime
1157:
In 2009, the main representative body of British Medical physicians, the British Medical Association, adopted a policy statement expressing concerns about developments in the health insurance market in the UK. In its Annual Representative Meeting which had been agreed earlier by the Consultants
617:) provide individual and group medical insurance plans. The plans are divided into two main categories plans providing coverage from inpatient expenses (i.e. hospitalization, operations) and plans covering inpatient and outpatient expenses (such as doctor visits, medications, physio-therapies).
1042:
The insured person has full freedom of choice among the approximately 60 recognized healthcare providers competent to treat their condition (in their region) on the understanding that the costs are covered by the insurance up to the level of the official tariff. There is freedom of choice when
887:
Funding from the equalization pool is distributed to insurance companies for each person they insure under the required policy. However, high-risk individuals get more from the pool, and low-income persons and children under 18 have their insurance paid for entirely. Because of this, insurance
317:
Out-of-pocket maximum: Similar to coverage limits, except that in this case, the insured person's payment obligation ends when they reach the out-of-pocket maximum, and health insurance pays all further covered costs. Out-of-pocket maximum can be limited to a specific benefit category (such as
1300:
In the late 19th century, "accident insurance" began to be available, which operated much like modern disability insurance. This payment model continued until the start of the 20th century in some jurisdictions (like California), where all laws regulating health insurance actually referred to
836:
Employee Health Insurance covers diseases, injuries, and death regardless of whether an incident occurred at a workplace. Employee Health Insurance covers a maximum of 180 days of medical care per year for work-related diseases or injuries and 180 days per year for other diseases or injuries.
391:
The Commonwealth Fund, in its annual survey, "Mirror, Mirror on the Wall", compares the performance of the health care systems in Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the U.S. Its 2007 study found that, although the U.S. system is the most expensive, it consistently
1125:
aging, menopause and puberty; AIDS/HIV; allergies or allergic disorders; birth control, conception, sexual problems and sex changes; chronic conditions; complications from excluded or restricted conditions/ treatment; convalescence, rehabilitation and general nursing care ; cosmetic,
335:
Prior Authorization: A certification or authorization that an insurer provides prior to medical service occurring. Obtaining an authorization means that the insurer is obligated to pay for the service, assuming it matches what was authorized. Many smaller, routine services do not require
1112:
Private health care has continued parallel to the NHS, paid for largely by private insurance, but it is used by less than 8% of the population, and generally as a top-up to NHS services. There are many treatments that the private sector does not provide. For example, health insurance on
798:
In India, provision of healthcare services and their efficiency varies state-wise. Public health services are prominent in most of the regions with the national government playing an important role in funding, framing and implementing policies and operating public health insurances.
3570:
Internal Revenue Service, Department of the, Treasury.; Employee Benefits Security Administration, Department of, Labor.; Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human, Services. (3 August 2018). "Short-Term, Limited-Duration Insurance. Final rule".
1236:, funded jointly by the federal government and states but administered at the state level, which covers certain very low income children and their families. Together, Medicare and Medicaid accounted for approximately 63 percent of the national inpatient hospital costs in 2011.
575:, if there were unacceptably long wait times for treatment, as was alleged in this case. The ruling has not changed the overall pattern of health insurance across Canada, but has spurred on attempts to tackle the core issues of supply and demand and the impact of wait times.
670:
An important element of the French insurance system is solidarity: the more ill a person becomes, the less the person pays. This means that for people with serious or chronic illnesses, the insurance system reimburses them 100% of expenses, and waives their co-pay charges.
721:). Germany's health care system was 77% government-funded and 23% privately funded as of 2004. While public health insurance contributions are based on the individual's income, private health insurance contributions are based on the individual's age and health condition.
2417:
The Sickness Insurance Law (1883). Eligibility. The Sickness Insurance Law came into effect in December 1884. It provided for compulsory participation by all industrial wage earners (i.e., manual laborers) in factories, ironworks, mines, shipbuilding yards, and similar
267:
in the case of national plans. The type and amount of health care costs that will be covered by the health insurance provider are specified in writing, in a member contract or "Evidence of Coverage" booklet for private insurance, or in a national for public insurance.
928:
that has implemented community-based health insurance schemes in order to reduce the financial barriers that prevent poor people from seeking and receiving needed health services. This scheme has helped reach 90% of the country's population with health care coverage.
875:
In 2006, a new system of health insurance came into force in the Netherlands. This new system avoids the two pitfalls of adverse selection and moral hazard associated with traditional forms of health insurance by using a combination of regulation and insurance
651:
for benefits, as well. Each fund is free to manage its own budget, and used to reimburse medical expenses at the rate it saw fit, however following a number of reforms in recent years, the majority of funds provide the same level of reimbursement and benefits.
1870:
3292:
735:
Germans are offered three kinds of social security insurance dealing with the physical status of a person and which are co-financed by employer and employee: health insurance, accident insurance, and long-term care insurance. Long-term care insurance
3325:
283:
individual vs. family enrollment, and which plan category the insured chooses. Under the Affordable Care Act, the government pays a tax credit to cover part of the premium for persons who purchase private insurance through the Insurance Marketplace.
2332:
Initially the health insurance law of 1883 covered blue-collar workers in selected industries, craftspeople and other selected professionals. It is estimated that this law brought health insurance coverage up from 5 to 10 per cent of the total
1305:
but the industry consolidated rapidly soon thereafter. While there were earlier experiments, the origins of sickness coverage in the U.S. effectively date from 1890. The first employer-sponsored group disability policy was issued in 1911.
74:, health insurance is defined as "coverage that provides for the payments of benefits as a result of sickness or injury. It includes insurance for losses from accident, medical expense, disability, or accidental death and dismemberment".
1345:
Hospital and medical expense policies were introduced during the first half of the 20th century. During the 1920s, individual hospitals began offering services to individuals on a pre-paid basis, eventually leading to the development of
783:
In Greece anyone can cover the hospitalization expenses using a private insurance policy, that can be bought by any of the local or multinational insurance companies that operate in the region (e.g. Metlife, Interamerican, Aetna, IMG).
1388:
grew from about 25% US employees with employer-sponsored coverage to the vast majority. With managed care, insurers use various techniques to address costs and improve quality, including negotiation of prices ("in-network" providers),
404:
in the United States had more out-of-pocket expenses, more disputes with insurance companies than other countries, and more insurance payments denied; paperwork was also higher although Germany had similarly high levels of paperwork.
1032:
individually chosen plan, premiums are then adjusted accordingly. The whole healthcare system is geared towards to the general goals of enhancing general public health and reducing costs while encouraging individual responsibility.
352:
Prescription drug plans are a form of insurance offered through some health insurance plans. In the U.S., the patient usually pays a copayment and the prescription drug insurance part or all of the balance for drugs covered in the
422:, which provides free universal access to hospital treatment and subsidised out-of-hospital medical treatment. It is funded by a 2% tax levy on all taxpayers, an extra 1% levy on high income earners, as well as general revenue.
2287:
long-term progressive increase in the proportion of the German population covered by public and private insurance. Their graph is reproduced below as Figure 1: German Population Enrolled in Health Insurance (%) 1885–1995.
1215:
The United States health care system relies heavily on private health insurance, which is the primary source of coverage for most Americans. As of 2018, 68.9% of American adults had private health insurance, according to
309:
Exclusions: Not all services are covered. Billed items like use-and-throw, taxes, etc. are excluded from admissible claim. The insured are generally expected to pay the full cost of non-covered services out of their own
1240:
is a federal-state partnership that serves certain children and families who do not qualify for Medicaid but who cannot afford private coverage. Other public programs include military health benefits provided through
3521:
1874:
833:
payers are only expected to cover ten to thirty percent of the cost, depending on age. If out-of-pocket costs exceed pre-determined limits, payers may apply for a rebate from the National Health Insurance program.
884:
the national minimum. These policies do not receive funding from the equalization pool but cover additional treatments, such as dental procedures and physiotherapy, which are not paid for by the mandatory policy.
3300:
567:, that the province's prohibition on private insurance for health care already insured by the provincial plan violated the Quebec Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and in particular, the sections dealing with the
976:
Unlike Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents, Foreigners are not automatically covered by the MediShield Life. Foreigners can purchase the health insurance plans from several life insurers in Singapore.
3569:
3333:
3862:
Torio CM, Andrews RM. National Inpatient Hospital Costs: The Most Expensive Conditions by Payer, 2011. HCUP Statistical Brief #160. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. August 2013.
1039:), the place of residence of the insured person and the degree of supplementary benefit coverage chosen (complementary medicine, routine dental care, semi-private or private ward hospitalization, etc.).
947:
in the world. During this long life, encountering uncertain situations requiring hospitalization are inevitable. Health insurance or medical insurance cover high healthcare costs during hospitalization.
542:, health care is mainly a provincial government responsibility in Canada (the main exceptions being federal government responsibility for services provided to aboriginal peoples covered by treaties, the
662:
The second government responsibility is oversight of the health-insurance funds, to ensure that they are correctly managing the sums they receive, and to ensure oversight of the public hospital network.
63:, to provide the money to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement. The benefit is administered by a central organization, such as a government agency, private business, or
1035:
The Swiss healthcare system is a combination of public, subsidized private and totally private systems. Insurance premiums vary from insurance company to company, the excess level individually chosen (
392:
under-performs compared to the other countries. One difference between the U.S. and the other countries in the study is that the U.S. is the only country without universal health insurance coverage.
2077:
2777:
1089:
arising from ill-health. The costs of running the NHS (est. £104 billion in 2007–8) are met directly from general taxation. The NHS provides the majority of health care in the UK, including
270:(US specific) In the U.S., there are two types of health insurance – tax payer-funded and private-funded. A private-funded insurance plan example includes an employer-sponsored self-funded
3452:
1326:. Insurance companies determine what drugs are covered based on price, availability, and therapeutic equivalents. The list of drugs that an insurance program agrees to cover is called a
2697:
999:
average of 80.8. Men's life expectancy was 79.7 years, higher than the OECD average of 78.1 years, and women's life expectancy was 85.7 years, higher than the average of 83.4 years.
4012:
added subdivision (b), which defines "health insurance" as "an individual or group disability insurance policy that provides coverage for hospital, medical, or surgical benefits."
3483:
2751:
2259:
2633:
3512:
2154:
588:
752:
The National Health System in Greece covers both out and in-patient treatment. The out-patient treatment is carried out by social administrative structures as following:
4174:
639:
representatives in the French parliament. The Conservative Gaullists were opposed to a state-run healthcare system, while the Communists were supportive of a complete
3704:
1204:
which lengthened the maximum contract term to 364 days and renewal for up to 36 months. This new rule, in combination with the expiration of the penalty for the
811:
6250:
3948:
Siska, A, et al, Health Spending Projections Through 2018: Recession Effects Add Uncertainty to The Outlook Health Affairs, March/April 2009; 28(2): w346-w357.
1586:
584:
2339:
728:
basis, but the number of physicians allowed to accept Statutory Health Insurance in a given locale is regulated by the government and professional societies.
1197:
2016:
314:
coverage maxima. In these cases, the health plan will stop payment when they reach the benefit maximum, and the policy-holder must pay all remaining costs.
3987:
1986:
2762:
964:
cover treatment of congenital anomalies (medical conditions that are present at birth), cosmetic surgery, pregnancy-related charges and mental illness.
1165:
The private sector has been used to increase NHS capacity despite a large proportion of the British public opposing such involvement. According to the
294:
insurance company starts to pay for care. Furthermore, most policies do not apply co-pays for doctor's visits or prescriptions against your deductible.
3783:
1824:
5038:
2791:
1675:
2986:
1051:
the same age group and region, regardless of sex or state of health. This does not apply to complementary insurance, where premiums are risk-based.
3174:
3901:
Himmelstein, D. U.; Thorne, D.; Warren, E.; Woolhandler, S. (2009). "Medical Bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a National Study".
3730:
3465:
3250:
1968:
1169:, government funding covered 86% of overall health care expenditures in the UK as of 2004, with private expenditures covering the remaining 14%.
328:
contract with the insurer to accept rates further discounted from the "usual and customary" charges the insurer pays to out-of-network providers.
271:
2367:
5053:
4318:
1366:
197:
3598:
483:. The ombudsman publishes an annual report that outlines the number and nature of complaints per health fund compared to their market share
2117:
4298:
2708:
2266:
1665:
by Gary Caxton, Institution for Health Care Research and Policy, Georgetown University, on behalf of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
1270:. This Act includes an 'individual mandate' that every American must have medical insurance (or pay a fine). Health policy experts such as
490:
The Australian government has introduced a number of incentives to encourage adults to take out private hospital insurance. These include:
3146:
5048:
888:
companies no longer find insuring high-risk individuals an unappealing proposition, avoiding the potential problem of adverse selection.
4200:
631:
The national system of health insurance was instituted in 1945, just after the end of the Second World War. It was a compromise between
6088:
6066:
4424:
3866:
3494:
1267:
1221:
1217:
1209:
744:(gesetzliche Unfallversicherung) is covered by the employer and basically covers all risks for commuting to work and at the workplace.
3885:
3705:"What Is the Impact on Enrollment and Premiums if the Duration of Short-Term Health Insurance Plans Is Increased? | Commonwealth Fund"
6992:
3105:
2595:
1463:
1365:
of 1974 (ERISA) regulated the operation of a health benefit plan if an employer chooses to establish one, which is not required. The
1291:
2270:
6836:
6398:
5513:
3437:
3232:
3202:
2630:
2340:"One hundred and eighteen years of the German health insurance system: are there any lessons for middle- and low income countries?"
2240:
John S. Ambler, "The French Welfare State: surviving social and ideological change," New York University Press, 30 September 1993,
4097:
Managed Care: Integrating the Delivery and Financing of Health Care – Part A, Health Insurance Association of America, 1995, p. 9
2170:
7017:
3380:
1362:
1006:(NHI), which is mandatory. Anyone residing in South Korea, regardless of nationality or occupation, can purchase this insurance.
71:
2609:
6888:
6334:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5627:
5058:
1530:
4166:
3625:"The Short-Term, Limited-Duration Coverage Final Rule: The Background, The Content, And What Could Come Next | Health Affairs"
3545:"The Short-Term, Limited-Duration Coverage Final Rule: The Background, The Content, And What Could Come Next | Health Affairs"
5043:
2966:
2925:
2445:
2410:
2245:
2164:
2131:
1763:
1591:
1182:
3809:
2735:
2497:"Statutory health insurance in Germany: a health system shaped by 135 years of solidarity, self-governance, and competition"
324:: An amount paid by an insurer to a health care provider, for which the provider agrees to treat all members of the insurer.
6893:
5781:
5263:
4313:
1369:
of 1985 (COBRA) gives an ex-employee the right to continue coverage under an employer-sponsored group health benefit plan.
992:
944:
1024:
and is regulated by the Swiss Federal Law on Health Insurance. Health insurance is compulsory for all persons residing in
4259:
4117:
3757:
3332:. Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA. 21 December 2012. Archived from
1279:
4454:
3299:. Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA. 8 January 2012. Archived from
1804:
1347:
480:
2763:
https://www.niti.gov.in/sites/default/files/2023-02/Health-Insurance-for-India%E2%80%99s-Missing-Middle_08-12-2021.pdf
2662:
Borger C, Smith S, Truffer C, et al. (2006). "Health spending projections through 2015: changes on the horizon".
1929:
Schoen C et al. (2010). How Health Insurance Design Affects Access To Care And Costs, By Income, In Eleven Countries.
841:
65 with a recognized disability. The Late-stage Elderly Medical System includes preventive and standard medical care.
7130:
6305:
6093:
6061:
4383:
4231:
4102:
4085:
4029:
907:
245:
227:
168:
146:
115:
101:
3121:
7115:
4449:
1186:
425:
The private health system is funded by a number of private health insurance organizations. The largest of these is
17:
906:
Since 1974, New Zealand has had a system of universal no-fault health insurance for personal injuries through the
479:. Complaints and reporting of the private health industry is carried out by an independent government agency, the
7125:
6205:
5028:
4419:
4409:
2027:
1381:
1377:
1351:
1015:
956:
3991:
3358:
399:
Life Expectancy of the total population at birth among several OECD member nations. Data source: OECD's iLibrary
7191:
7135:
6898:
6270:
6222:
5488:
5436:
5033:
3272:
1994:
1949:
1246:
870:
599:
150:
1047:
routine dental treatment and private ward hospitalization, which are not covered by the compulsory insurance.
59:
expenses over the risk pool, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or
6986:
6878:
6290:
5838:
1842:"OECD.StatExtracts, Health, Health Expenditure and Financing, Main Indicators, Health Expenditure since 2000"
802:
The vast majority of Indians are covered by either a comprehensive public health insurance scheme run by the
543:
51:. As with other types of insurance, risk is shared among many individuals. By estimating the overall risk of
1871:"Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: An International Update on the Comparative Performance of American Health Care"
7067:
6240:
5291:
5191:
4439:
4340:
3678:
3651:
3624:
3544:
1662:
1515:
1500:
810:
or a private health insurance scheme providing comprehensive coverage and that is tightly regulated by the
756:
EOPPY (National Organization for the Provision of Health Services): contracted private healthcare providers
2078:
Middle class, middle income and caught in the cross-hairs as Labor turns its sights on a welfare crackdown
1818:
1683:
960:
7211:
7181:
7052:
6265:
5008:
4705:
4651:
4490:
4325:
3490:
1439:
1413:
1275:
1201:
823:
3810:"Trump's new insurance rules are panned by nearly every healthcare group that submitted formal comments"
3410:
1934:
6981:
6863:
6339:
5791:
5483:
5391:
4656:
4520:
4414:
3469:
1965:
1561:
1393:, and requirements for quality assurance such as being accredited by accreditation schemes such as the
1081:
901:
1614:"Health care payments in Vietnam: patients' quagmire of caring for health versus economic destitution"
1162:. The NHS offers patients a choice of hospitals and consultants and does not charge for its services.
7201:
7186:
7171:
7145:
7140:
6961:
6635:
6546:
6425:
4735:
4624:
4434:
4335:
2293:
1308:
Before the development of medical expense insurance, patients were expected to pay health care costs
1166:
1062:
in 2012 was for men 80.5 years compared to 84.7 years for women. These are the world's best figures.
1003:
986:
803:
762:
State hospitals, rural and regional medical units, health centers of the ESY (National Health System)
434:
2822:
7150:
7120:
6811:
6613:
6372:
6329:
6295:
5796:
5786:
5468:
5256:
5108:
4860:
4765:
4730:
4710:
4378:
4330:
4124:
4042:
3936:
3652:"Reports Find Risk Of Non-ACA-Compliant Plans To Be Higher Than Federal Estimates | Health Affairs"
1739:
1540:
1520:
1495:
1337:
1225:
413:
7077:
6956:
6858:
6796:
6608:
6235:
6122:
6056:
5969:
5229:
4911:
4700:
4568:
4515:
4373:
4363:
4252:
3062:
Wisman, Rosann; Heller, John; Clark, Peggy (2011). "A blueprint for country-driven development".
1571:
1566:
1071:
938:
690:
558:
457:
381:
345:
321:
139:
2383:
As Germany has the world's oldest SHI system, it naturally lends itself to historical analyses.
7206:
7196:
6931:
6883:
6853:
6690:
6658:
6648:
6465:
6450:
6430:
6312:
6083:
6078:
5353:
5003:
4636:
4464:
4009:
2545:
1545:
1525:
1401:
1390:
1309:
807:
572:
539:
516:
290:
2436:
2401:
6873:
6868:
6806:
6751:
6700:
6322:
5853:
5826:
5498:
5426:
5018:
4904:
4833:
4688:
4573:
4535:
4196:
3958:
3012:
2958:
1473:
1385:
1323:
1250:
1055:
1021:
684:
626:
614:
533:
209:
107:
4080:
Thomas P. O'Hare, "Individual Medical Expense Insurance," The American College, 2000, p. 7,
3882:
2464:
2052:
7176:
6941:
6717:
6670:
6490:
6485:
6260:
6255:
6230:
6170:
6014:
5994:
5946:
5816:
5731:
5569:
5127:
5070:
4693:
4673:
4500:
4388:
4308:
4056:
4005:
2432:
The origin of the welfare state in England and Germany, 1850–1914: social policies compared
2260:"The long road to universal health coverage. A century of lessons for development strategy"
1451:
1425:
1327:
925:
919:
837:
Employers and employees must contribute evenly to be covered by Employee Health Insurance.
765:
Private health professionals: Medical professionals and services not contracted with EOPYY.
465:
419:
384:
354:
339:
2544:
Ehrich, Jochen; Grote, Ulrike; Gerber-Grote, Andreas; Strassburg, Michael (October 2016).
2294:"Social health insurance: Key factors affecting the transition towards universal coverage"
1705:
1341:
The numbers of Americans lacking health insurance and the uninsured rate from 1987 to 2008
844:
376:
205:
8:
6846:
6841:
6779:
6727:
6445:
6413:
6403:
6285:
6275:
5806:
5801:
5622:
5602:
5523:
5443:
5421:
5401:
5249:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5161:
5023:
4983:
4745:
4715:
4583:
4444:
4368:
4358:
4024:
Fundamentals of Health Insurance: Part A, Health Insurance Association of America, 1997,
2649:
1331:
1147:
1130:
There are a number of other companies in the United Kingdom which include, among others,
793:
318:
prescription drugs) or can apply to all coverage provided during a specific benefit year.
4641:
3974:
3864:
3834:
3434:
3210:
6946:
6910:
6774:
6663:
6643:
6516:
6480:
6367:
6349:
6280:
5916:
5776:
5756:
5711:
5612:
5597:
5222:
5134:
5013:
4938:
4755:
4720:
4631:
4588:
4558:
4530:
4525:
4495:
4469:
4293:
4245:
3926:
3599:"Analysis of The CBO's shifting view on the impact of the Obamacare individual mandate"
3277:
3087:
2931:
2810:
2316:
2218:
2193:
2115:
1640:
1613:
1550:
1490:
1430:
The private health insurance market, known in Russian as "voluntary health insurance" (
1205:
779:
Private hospitals and clinics that are not contracted with the National Health Carrier.
741:
563:
263:
3690:
3663:
3636:
3556:
3384:
3075:
2513:
2496:
2355:
1897:"OECD.StatExtracts, Health, Health Status, Life expectancy, Total population at birth"
7057:
7037:
6769:
6734:
6566:
6460:
6440:
6359:
6212:
6147:
5821:
5771:
5746:
5706:
5701:
5632:
5478:
5083:
4953:
4845:
4809:
4799:
4760:
4750:
4678:
4668:
4598:
4098:
4081:
4025:
3918:
3580:
3079:
2962:
2935:
2921:
2861:
2853:
2849:
2679:
2617:
2575:
2567:
2526:
2518:
2441:
2406:
2359:
2320:
2312:
2241:
2223:
2160:
2127:
1645:
1117:
is generally not covered or covered with restricting clauses. Typical exclusions for
877:
710:
694:
644:
551:
547:
520:
4136:
3930:
3091:
3037:
2907:
605:
In addition to GESY, more than 12 local and international insurance companies (e.g.
7027:
6816:
6784:
6744:
6739:
6536:
6526:
6344:
6132:
6105:
6100:
5954:
5921:
5911:
5761:
5689:
5493:
5431:
5411:
5396:
5196:
5151:
5096:
5088:
5078:
4855:
4779:
4619:
4593:
4578:
4485:
4303:
3910:
3686:
3659:
3632:
3552:
3359:"Bevölkerungsbewegung – Indikatoren: Todesfälle, Sterblichkeit und Lebenserwartung"
3071:
2954:
2913:
2845:
2671:
2557:
2508:
2351:
2308:
2213:
2205:
2090:
1635:
1625:
1612:
Pekerti, Andre; Vuong, Quan-Hoang; Ho, Tung; Vuong, Thu-Trang (25 September 2017).
1535:
1510:
1468:
1431:
1394:
1229:
858:
453:
449:
445:
48:
1896:
1841:
7087:
7022:
6831:
6801:
6789:
6653:
6551:
6418:
5751:
5518:
5321:
5296:
5286:
5208:
5171:
5147:
4948:
4943:
4923:
4882:
4877:
4824:
4819:
4683:
4663:
4540:
4505:
4121:
3914:
3889:
3870:
3441:
2912:. Routledge studies in the modern world economy (1 ed.). London: Routledge.
2739:
2732:
2637:
1972:
1953:
1828:
1779:
1576:
1478:
1442:, has experienced sustained levels of growth. It was introduced in October 1992.
1313:
1257:
1059:
725:
640:
469:
3679:"New Reports On Potential Negative Impacts Of Short-Term Plans | Health Affairs"
3513:"NHS wasting £1 billion a year treating patients with private medical insurance"
2596:
World Health Organization Statistical Information System: Core Health Indicators
2562:
1400:
Employers and employees may have some choice in the details of plans, including
7072:
6821:
6722:
6675:
6377:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6036:
5964:
5721:
5679:
5363:
5331:
5114:
4963:
4646:
4510:
4404:
4350:
2492:
1151:
1098:
1086:
64:
1733:
7165:
7047:
6966:
6951:
6936:
6707:
6685:
6591:
6475:
6408:
6382:
6317:
6160:
6117:
6112:
5959:
5843:
5741:
5463:
5316:
5301:
4917:
4838:
4786:
4725:
4563:
4429:
4149:
3326:"The compulsory health insurance in Switzerland: Your questions, our answers"
2857:
2571:
2522:
2397:
A comparative approach to policy analysis: health care policy in four nations
1556:
1505:
1484:
1159:
1131:
1102:
568:
523:
have long been against the rebate, referring to it as "middle-class welfare".
461:
430:
371:
56:
7082:
7062:
7042:
7032:
7007:
6761:
6596:
6576:
6561:
6531:
6521:
6300:
6155:
6137:
6073:
6051:
6009:
5999:
5896:
5886:
5858:
5589:
5579:
5406:
5346:
5166:
4978:
4973:
4933:
4894:
4004:
See California Insurance Code Section 106 (defining disability insurance).
3922:
3584:
3083:
2879:
2865:
2683:
2675:
2640:. Group-economics.allianz.com (25 July 2005). Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
2579:
2530:
2363:
2227:
1649:
1630:
1409:
1373:
1355:
1295:
1271:
1262:
1090:
475:
Most aspects of private health insurance in Australia are regulated by the
4114:
2917:
395:
6695:
6618:
6586:
6046:
5989:
5607:
5564:
5539:
5508:
5503:
5458:
5383:
5373:
5358:
5311:
5201:
5156:
4829:
4614:
1025:
303:
60:
52:
4150:
What Employers Need to Know About the Hottest Trends in Health Insurance
2209:
1154:. Similar exclusions apply, depending on the policy which is purchased.
6905:
6712:
6625:
6603:
6571:
6470:
6455:
6435:
6200:
6165:
6127:
6041:
6004:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5891:
5848:
5833:
5811:
5736:
5574:
5554:
5473:
5341:
5336:
5306:
5272:
5100:
5092:
4968:
4889:
4850:
4794:
4043:
People ex rel. State Board of Medical Examiners v. Pacific Health Corp.
3293:"Requirement to take out insurance, "Frequently Asked Questions" (FAQ)"
1405:
1318:
297:
286:
153: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3484:"Survey of the general public's views on NHS system reform in England"
3106:"Universal coverage of health services: tailoring its implementation."
7092:
7012:
6826:
6511:
5865:
5766:
5726:
5696:
5617:
5453:
5416:
5142:
4958:
4928:
4899:
4268:
3731:"ACA Open Enrollment: For Consumers Considering Short-Term Policies…"
3383:. World Economic Forum. 2013. pp. 12, 14, 478–81. Archived from
1354:(HMOs) originated beginning in 1929, through the 1930s and on during
1114:
1106:
636:
44:
278:
The individual insured person's obligations may take several forms:
128:
6926:
5984:
5974:
5906:
5901:
5870:
5716:
5671:
5549:
5544:
5448:
5326:
4866:
3361:(in German). Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2013. 2012
2987:"Risk adjustment under the health insurance act in the Netherlands"
2495:; Blümel, Miriam; Knieps, Franz; Bärnighausen, Till (August 2017).
1946:
1253:. Some states have additional programs for low-income individuals.
1233:
1094:
776:
Private Clinics contracted with the National Health Carrier (EOPYY)
759:
PEDY (National Primary Healthcare Network) units: public healthcare
632:
426:
3900:
3784:"Short-Term Limited Duration Insurance Can Now Be Less Short-Term"
2742:
by the National Organization for the Provision of Health Services.
2610:"Finanztip : Finanztip – Das gemeinnützige Verbraucherportal"
47:
that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring
6556:
6506:
6245:
6195:
5979:
5684:
5368:
4804:
4740:
2543:
1618:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
1581:
1242:
387:) among several OECD member nations. Data source: OECD's iLibrary
3297:
bag.admin.ch/themen/krankenversicherung/06377/index.html?lang=en
3038:"Health insurance for international Students in the Netherlands"
2465:"Private or public? An introduction health insurance in Germany"
2116:
Development, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and (2004).
429:, which was, until 2014, a government-owned entity, when it was
6680:
6028:
5667:
4459:
4226:
4167:"ДМС в России – добровольное медицинское страхование – MetLife"
2909:
Ageing, Long-term Care Insurance and Healthcare Finance in Asia
2698:"Statutory Accident Insurance Cover During Foreign Assignments"
952:
Health insurance for Singapore Citizens and Permanent Residents
2836:
Yamauchi, Toyoaki (March 1999). "Healthcare system in Japan".
2661:
6541:
5241:
5119:
2491:
1237:
1139:
610:
440:
Australian health funds can be either 'for profit' including
4237:
3455:. British Medical Association. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
6581:
6024:
4814:
2123:
2080:. Theage.com.au (1 May 2011). Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
1143:
1118:
996:
606:
441:
342:: the list of drugs that an insurance plan agrees to cover.
3330:
bag.admin.ch/themen/krankenversicherung/index.html?lang=en
1706:"How Health Insurance Marketplace Plans Set Your Premiums"
1232:
program for seniors and certain disabled individuals; and
5559:
2194:"The Chaoulli challenge: getting a grip on waiting lists"
1412:. As of 2015, a trend has emerged for employers to offer
1135:
589:
Pharmaceutical industry in the People's Republic of China
1805:"Bill Text - AB-1611 Emergency hospital services: Costs"
1278:, as well as the American medical insurance lobby group
654:
The government has two responsibilities in this system.
4197:"За медуслуги платят более половины российских горожан"
4139:. National Center for Health Statistics (2003). CDC.gov
1330:. Additionally, some prescriptions drugs may require a
1077:
812:
Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India
6251:
List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents
2752:
List of Health Insurance companies operating in Greece
2608:
GmbH, Finanztip Verbraucherinformation gemeinnützige.
1904:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
1849:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
1587:
The Hospital Uninsured Patient Discount Act (Illinois)
1397:
and the American Accreditation Healthcare Commission.
1334:
before an insurance program agrees to cover its cost.
2459:
2457:
2337:
1956:. PrivateHealth.gov.au. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
1322:
partially cover the cost of certain prescription and
1202:
Short-Term, Limited-Duration Health Insurance (STLDI)
4020:
4018:
2091:"Goedkope zorgverzekering (VGZ) met royale dekking!"
1873:. The Commonwealth Fund. 15 May 2007. Archived from
1292:
Health insurance in the United States § History
1266:
States. In 2010 President Obama signed into law the
773:
State hospitals of the National Health System (ESY).
3858:
3856:
3758:"Doak pushes for short-term health insurance plans"
3270:
3013:"Dutch health insurance for international Students"
2159:. Canadian Institute for Health Information. 2007.
2053:"Medicare levy surcharge effect 'trivial': inquiry"
1611:
585:
Healthcare reform in the People's Republic of China
3511:
2454:
2338:Bärnighausen, Till; Sauerborn, Rainer (May 2002).
1200:issued a final rule which made federal changes to
852:
4015:
3273:"Swiss health care thrives without public option"
3061:
2951:Health Care Issues in the United States and Japan
2434:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.
2399:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p.
1925:
1923:
1921:
1766:. Healthharbor.com. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
7163:
3853:
2487:
2485:
1889:
1212:, has been the subject of independent analysis.
4057:"Prior Authorization - HealthCare.gov Glossary"
3476:
3203:"Health Insurance Singapore | Kloodo Singapore"
2790:(in Japanese and English). 2017. Archived from
3318:
2980:
2978:
2705:Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV)
1918:
1759:
1757:
1367:Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
1002:Health care in South Korea is provided by the
418:The Australian public health system is called
5257:
4253:
4137:Health Care in America: Trends in Utilization
3285:
2482:
2388:
2156:National Health Expenditure Trends, 1975–2007
1605:
1218:The Center for Disease Control and Prevention
675:from complementary private health insurance.
194:The examples and perspective in this section
2772:
2770:
2423:
1975:. Phio.org.au. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
1261:1000 or more, and in 92% of these cases the
972:Health insurance for Foreigners in Singapore
848:healthcare expenditure in Japan by age group
769:The in-patient treatment is carried out by:
3408:
3351:
2975:
2948:
2291:
1834:
1754:
1350:organizations. The predecessors of today's
1121:schemes (and many other insurers) include:
116:Learn how and when to remove these messages
5264:
5250:
4260:
4246:
3381:"The Human Capital Report, Insight Report"
3266:
3264:
2906:Luk, Sabrina Ching Yuen (6 January 2020).
2292:Carrin, Guy; James, Chris (January 2005).
2191:
2119:Private Health Insurance in OECD Countries
2109:
1268:Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
1222:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
212:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
6993:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act
4159:
3975:Howstuffworks: How Health Insurance Works
3109:Bulletin of the World Health Organization
2949:Wise, David A.; Yashiro, Naohiro (2006).
2767:
2591:
2589:
2561:
2546:"The Child Health Care System of Germany"
2512:
2251:
2217:
1639:
1629:
1464:ANSI 834 Enrollment Implementation Format
1438:) to distinguish it from state-sponsored
1436:добровольное медицинское страхование, ДМС
246:Learn how and when to remove this message
228:Learn how and when to remove this message
169:Learn how and when to remove this message
6837:Job losses caused by the Great Recession
5514:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates
3781:
3756:Sweeney, Catherine (14 September 2018).
2835:
2652:. Cdc.gov. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
2598:. Who.int. Retrieved on 26 October 2011.
2394:
1817:Regie de l'assurance maladie du Quebec.
1336:
1285:
995:was 82.7 years in 2017, higher than the
843:
689:Germany has the world's oldest national
394:
375:
7018:Credentialism and educational inflation
3755:
3261:
2784:The National Health Insurance Guidebook
2429:
1947:Australian Health Insurance Information
1363:Employee Retirement Income Security Act
1058:of about 3.6 out of 1,000. The general
289:: The amount that the insured must pay
72:Health Insurance Association of America
14:
7164:
6889:List of countries by unemployment rate
3373:
3271:Schwartz, Nelson D. (1 October 2009).
2959:10.7208/chicago/9780226903248.001.0001
2901:
2899:
2586:
1531:International healthcare accreditation
1378:health maintenance organizations (HMO)
1080:'s National Health Service (NHS) is a
5245:
4241:
3782:Friedman, Rebecca (11 October 2018).
3735:The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
3676:
3649:
3622:
3542:
3197:
3195:
3175:"MOH | About Integrated Shield Plans"
3169:
3167:
3010:
1985:Ombudsman, Private Health Insurance.
1984:
1780:"Formulary - HealthCare.gov Glossary"
1728:
1726:
1663:How Private Insurance Works: A Primer
1592:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1481:(a US-based patient advocacy company)
1183:Health insurance in the United States
943:Singaporeans have one of the longest
5782:Practice-based professional learning
2301:International Social Security Review
2257:
2198:Canadian Medical Association Journal
2147:
1774:
1772:
1735:The YouToons Get Ready for Obamacare
740:) emerged in 1994 and is mandatory.
693:system, with origins dating back to
180:
151:adding citations to reliable sources
122:
81:
6335:Workers' right to access the toilet
3233:"The public health system in Korea"
2905:
2896:
1256:In the late 1990s and early 2000s,
697:'s Sickness Insurance Law of 1883.
358:plans, or through the public plan.
24:
4299:Accidental death and dismemberment
4203:from the original on 24 April 2017
4177:from the original on 24 April 2017
4156:. 27 April 2015. Web. 2 July 2015.
4115:"Employer Health Insurance: 2007,"
3883:"CPS Health Insurance Definitions"
3192:
3164:
2601:
2258:Bump, Jesse B. (19 October 2010).
1723:
1249:and benefits provided through the
481:Private Health Insurance Ombudsman
380:Health Expenditure per capita (in
25:
7223:
4219:
3807:
3691:10.1377/forefront.20180420.803263
3664:10.1377/forefront.20180303.392660
3637:10.1377/forefront.20180801.169759
3557:10.1377/forefront.20180801.169759
3466:"Open Referral schemes explained"
3251:"Health Insurance in South Korea"
2984:
1769:
1065:
908:Accident Compensation Corporation
709:), with the remainder covered by
598:In 2020 in Cyprus introduced the
477:Private Health Insurance Act 2007
97:This article has multiple issues.
7106:
7105:
6399:Corporate collapses and scandals
4425:Directors and officers liability
4225:
3903:The American Journal of Medicine
2850:10.1046/j.1442-2018.1999.00007.x
2631:Length of hospital stay, Germany
2607:
2313:10.1111/j.1468-246x.2005.00209.x
1382:preferred provider organizations
1352:Health Maintenance Organizations
1280:America's Health Insurance Plans
1187:Health care in the United States
1176:
185:
127:
86:
4189:
4142:
4130:
4108:
4091:
4074:
4049:
4035:
3998:
3980:
3968:
3951:
3942:
3894:
3875:
3827:
3801:
3775:
3749:
3723:
3697:
3670:
3643:
3616:
3591:
3563:
3536:
3524:from the original on 9 May 2022
3504:
3458:
3446:
3428:
3402:
3255:International Student Insurance
3243:
3225:
3139:
3114:
3098:
3055:
3030:
3004:
2953:. University of Chicago Press.
2942:
2872:
2829:
2756:
2745:
2726:
2690:
2655:
2643:
2624:
2537:
2234:
2185:
2083:
2071:
2045:
2009:
1978:
1959:
1940:
1863:
1196:On the 1st of August, 2018 the
1016:Health insurance in Switzerland
853:Issues of the healthcare system
703:Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung
643:of health care along a British
513:Private Health Insurance Rebate
138:needs additional citations for
105:or discuss these issues on the
6899:Employment-to-population ratio
6271:Occupational health psychology
5271:
4199:. Vedomosti. 24 October 2011.
3011:Studenten, Zorgverzekeringen.
2430:Hennock, Ernest Peter (2007).
1811:
1797:
1698:
1668:
1656:
1247:Veterans Health Administration
1009:
980:
924:Rwanda is one of a handful of
895:
871:Health care in the Netherlands
864:
738:Gesetzliche Pflegeversicherung
365:
258:A health insurance policy is:
43:in South Africa) is a type of
13:
1:
6987:Works Progress Administration
6879:Unemployment Convention, 1919
6291:Personal protective equipment
5839:Occupational Outlook Handbook
4267:
3493:. 1 June 2007. Archived from
3453:BMA policies – search results
3409:HM Treasury (21 March 2007).
3076:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60778-2
2838:Nursing & Health Sciences
2514:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31280-1
2356:10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00137-X
2344:Social Science & Medicine
1598:
1312:, under what is known as the
1020:Healthcare in Switzerland is
544:Royal Canadian Mounted Police
77:
7068:Psychopathy in the workplace
6241:Human factors and ergonomics
5192:Savings and loan association
3915:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.012
3147:"MOH | MediShield Life FAQs"
2650:Length of hospital stay, U.S
2395:Leichter, Howard M. (1979).
2192:Hadorn, D. (2 August 2005).
1516:Health insurance marketplace
1501:Health Insurance Innovations
1487:– cross-national comparisons
1376:insurance schemes including
932:
407:
332:additional costs associated.
7:
7053:Narcissism in the workplace
6266:Occupational exposure limit
4625:Insurance-linked securities
3988:"Encarta: Health Insurance"
2563:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.045
1820:Prescription drug insurance
1456:
1440:Mandatory Medical Insurance
1192:Short Term Health Insurance
824:Health care system in Japan
715:Private Krankenversicherung
208:, discuss the issue on the
10:
7228:
6982:Civil Works Administration
6864:Technological unemployment
6340:Workplace health promotion
5792:Professional certification
5489:Personality–job fit theory
4314:Total permanent disability
3017:studentenverzekeringen.nl/
2017:"Parlininfoweb.aph.gov.au"
1562:Quality-adjusted life year
1449:
1423:
1289:
1180:
1082:publicly funded healthcare
1069:
1013:
984:
936:
917:
902:Health care in New Zealand
899:
868:
821:
791:
682:
678:
624:
582:
531:
411:
369:
7101:
7000:
6962:Guaranteed minimum income
6919:
6760:
6634:
6547:Organizational commitment
6499:
6391:
6358:
6221:
6146:
6023:
5945:
5879:
5666:
5588:
5532:
5382:
5279:
5217:
5069:
5054:Health insurance coverage
4994:
4778:
4607:
4549:
4478:
4397:
4349:
4319:Business overhead expense
4284:
4275:
4120:October 11, 2007, at the
2550:The Journal of Pediatrics
1987:"Medicare Levy Surcharge"
1445:
1435:
1419:
1167:World Health Organization
1004:National Health Insurance
987:Healthcare in South Korea
913:
804:National Health Authority
747:
620:
600:General Healthcare System
593:
527:
435:Australian Stock Exchange
7131:Aspects of organizations
6812:Involuntary unemployment
6373:Equal pay for equal work
6296:Repetitive strain injury
5797:Professional development
5787:Professional association
5469:Letter of recommendation
4455:Protection and indemnity
4125:Kaiser Family Foundation
3683:Health Affairs Forefront
3656:Health Affairs Forefront
3629:Health Affairs Forefront
3549:Health Affairs Forefront
3111:, 2008; 86(11): 817–908.
3042:Student Health Insurance
1740:Kaiser Family Foundation
1541:Philosophy of healthcare
1521:Health insurance mandate
1496:Healthcare in Costa Rica
1310:out of their own pockets
993:life expectancy at birth
945:life expectancy at birth
817:
787:
578:
427:Medibank Private Limited
414:Health care in Australia
7116:Aspects of corporations
7078:Slow movement (culture)
6957:Employer of last resort
6859:Structural unemployment
6797:Frictional unemployment
6236:Epilepsy and employment
6123:Performance-related pay
6057:National average salary
5970:996 working hour system
4912:Explanation of benefits
4384:Variable universal life
4046:, 12 Cal.2d 156 (1938).
3440:31 January 2009 at the
3122:"MOH | News Highlights"
2738:26 October 2021 at the
2733:The Greek Health System
1906:. OECD's iLibrary. 2013
1851:. OECD's iLibrary. 2013
1572:Single-payer healthcare
1567:Self-funded health care
1402:health savings accounts
1072:National Health Service
939:Healthcare in Singapore
691:social health insurance
559:Supreme Court of Canada
501:Medicare Levy Surcharge
346:Explanation of benefits
7126:Aspects of occupations
6932:Unemployment insurance
6884:Unemployment extension
6854:Reserve army of labour
6659:Constructive dismissal
6466:Sleeping while on duty
6431:Exploitation of labour
6313:Sick building syndrome
5484:Person–environment fit
5354:Independent contractor
5049:Health insurance costs
4450:Professional liability
4010:California Legislature
4006:Caselaw.lp.findlaw.com
3468:. BUPA. Archived from
2707:. 2013. Archived from
2676:10.1377/hlthaff.25.w61
1971:6 January 2016 at the
1631:10.3390/ijerph14101118
1546:Prescription analytics
1526:Hospital accreditation
1391:utilization management
1386:point of service plans
1342:
1324:over-the-counter drugs
1301:disability insurance.
1128:
849:
808:Ayushman Bharat Yojana
724:Reimbursement is on a
540:Constitution of Canada
400:
388:
7192:Universal health care
7136:Aspects of workplaces
6874:Unemployment benefits
6869:Types of unemployment
6807:Graduate unemployment
6701:Letter of resignation
6330:Workers' compensation
6323:Occupational fatality
5827:Vocational university
5427:Employment counsellor
4905:Out-of-pocket expense
4766:Workers' compensation
4420:Collateral protection
4410:Business interruption
4154:Entrepreneur Magazine
3869:14 March 2017 at the
3677:Keith, Katie (2018).
3650:Keith, Katie (2018).
3623:Keith, Katie (2018).
3543:Keith, Karen (2018).
2918:10.4324/9781315115689
2664:Health Aff (Millwood)
1966:PHIO's Annual Reports
1831:Accessed 3 June 2011.
1676:"How Insurance Works"
1553:(a US lobbying group)
1474:Health administration
1414:high-deductible plans
1340:
1286:History and evolution
1251:Indian Health Service
1123:
1099:long-term health care
1056:infant mortality rate
847:
685:Healthcare in Germany
627:Health care in France
534:Health care in Canada
495:Lifetime Health Cover
398:
379:
6942:Job creation program
6718:Mandatory retirement
6671:Employee offboarding
6491:Workplace incivility
6486:Workplace harassment
6261:Occupational disease
6256:Occupational burnout
6171:Disability insurance
6015:Workweek and weekend
5995:Retroactive overtime
5817:Vocational education
5732:Continuing education
5570:Permanent employment
5128:Corpus Juris Civilis
4234:at Wikimedia Commons
3881:U.S. Census Bureau,
3709:commonwealthfund.org
3500:on 27 February 2008.
2636:12 June 2011 at the
1991:privatehealth.gov.au
1764:Prior Authorizations
1452:Healthcare in Taiwan
1426:Healthcare in Russia
926:low income countries
920:Healthcare in Rwanda
470:HBF Health Insurance
206:improve this section
196:may not represent a
147:improve this article
6847:Recession-proof job
6842:Lists of recessions
6780:Economic depression
6728:Retirement planning
6609:Work–life interface
6446:Employee monitoring
6414:Corporate behaviour
6404:Accounting scandals
6286:Occupational stress
6276:Occupational injury
5807:Reflective practice
5802:Professional school
5524:Work-at-home scheme
5444:Induction programme
5422:Employment contract
5402:Business networking
5187:Rochdale Principles
5182:Mutual savings bank
5177:Mutual organization
5162:Cooperative banking
5079:Mesopotamian banker
4359:Longevity insurance
3959:"SCOTUS ACA Ruling"
3520:. 6 November 2012.
3339:on 14 December 2013
2985:Dutch, Government.
2210:10.1503/cmaj.050812
2173:on 14 February 2008
2033:on 17 December 2008
1952:18 May 2021 at the
1900:(Online Statistics)
1845:(Online Statistics)
1827:25 May 2020 at the
1372:Through the 1990s,
1332:prior authorization
1210:Affordable Care Act
1148:Groupama Healthcare
1085:which is to spread
1054:Switzerland has an
794:Healthcare in India
7212:Types of insurance
7182:Health care reform
7110:See also templates
6947:Job creation index
6911:Youth unemployment
6775:Discouraged worker
6664:Wrongful dismissal
6644:At-will employment
6517:Civil conscription
6481:Workplace bullying
6368:Affirmative action
6350:Workplace wellness
6281:Occupational noise
5917:Long service leave
5777:Overspecialization
5757:Induction training
5712:Career development
4939:Insurable interest
4440:Payment protection
4341:Payment protection
3888:5 May 2010 at the
3762:The Journal Record
3306:on 3 December 2013
3278:The New York Times
2507:(10097): 882–897.
2469:allaboutberlin.com
1551:ProtectSeniors.Org
1491:Health care reform
1343:
1206:Individual Mandate
850:
742:Accident insurance
564:Chaoulli v. Quebec
433:and listed on the
401:
389:
7159:
7158:
7058:Post-work society
7038:Kiss up kick down
6770:Barriers to entry
6735:Severance package
6567:Human trafficking
6461:Sexual harassment
6441:Employee handbook
6360:Equal opportunity
6223:Safety and health
6213:Take-home vehicle
5822:Vocational school
5772:Lifelong learning
5747:Further education
5707:Career counseling
5702:Career assessment
5479:Overqualification
5239:
5238:
5084:Code of Hammurabi
5059:Vehicle insurance
4954:Replacement value
4846:Actual cash value
4810:Adverse selection
4800:Actuarial science
4774:
4773:
4706:Kidnap and ransom
4679:Extended warranty
4326:Income protection
4230:Media related to
3814:Los Angeles Times
3737:. 29 October 2018
3579:(150): 38212–43.
3390:on 5 October 2013
3070:(9781): 1902–03.
2968:978-0-226-90292-0
2927:978-1-315-11568-9
2447:978-0-521-59212-3
2412:978-0-521-22648-6
2246:978-0-8147-0626-8
2166:978-1-55465-167-2
2133:978-92-64-00668-3
1997:on 22 August 2011
878:equalization pool
711:private insurance
701:Insurance (SHI) (
695:Otto von Bismarck
548:Canada Health Act
256:
255:
248:
238:
237:
230:
179:
178:
171:
120:
70:According to the
37:medical insurance
27:Type of insurance
16:(Redirected from
7219:
7202:Health education
7187:Health economics
7172:Health insurance
7146:Critique of work
7141:Corporate titles
7109:
7108:
7028:Evil corporation
6894:Employment rates
6817:Jobless recovery
6785:Great Depression
6745:Golden parachute
6740:Golden handshake
6537:Job satisfaction
6527:Critique of work
6345:Workplace phobia
6176:Health insurance
6133:Wage compression
6101:Progressive wage
5955:35-hour workweek
5922:No call, no show
5912:Leave of absence
5762:Knowledge worker
5690:Master craftsman
5494:Personality hire
5432:Executive search
5412:Curriculum vitae
5397:Background check
5266:
5259:
5252:
5243:
5242:
5197:Social insurance
5152:Friendly society
5044:Health insurance
4872:Short rate table
4620:Catastrophe bond
4521:Lenders mortgage
4282:
4281:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4239:
4238:
4232:Health insurance
4229:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4163:
4157:
4146:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4127:, September 2007
4112:
4106:
4095:
4089:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4053:
4047:
4039:
4033:
4022:
4013:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3994:on 17 July 2009.
3990:. Archived from
3984:
3978:
3972:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3940:
3934:
3898:
3892:
3879:
3873:
3860:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3753:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3620:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3573:Federal Register
3567:
3561:
3560:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3515:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3488:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3472:on 14 July 2014.
3462:
3456:
3450:
3444:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3415:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3355:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3338:
3322:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3305:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3268:
3259:
3258:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3229:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3213:on 28 March 2022
3209:. Archived from
3199:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3171:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3118:
3112:
3104:Carrin G et al.
3102:
3096:
3095:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2982:
2973:
2972:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2884:
2876:
2870:
2869:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2797:on 1 August 2020
2796:
2789:
2774:
2765:
2760:
2754:
2749:
2743:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2714:on 14 April 2021
2713:
2702:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2616:. Archived from
2605:
2599:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2565:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2516:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2461:
2452:
2451:
2439:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2404:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2378:
2372:
2366:. Archived from
2335:
2329:
2327:
2298:
2289:
2283:
2281:
2275:
2269:. Archived from
2264:
2255:
2249:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2221:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2169:. Archived from
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2126:Health Project.
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2059:. 12 August 2008
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2032:
2026:. Archived from
2021:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1993:. Archived from
1982:
1976:
1963:
1957:
1944:
1938:
1927:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1901:
1893:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1877:on 29 March 2009
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1846:
1838:
1832:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1776:
1767:
1761:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1730:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1686:on 14 April 2021
1682:. Archived from
1672:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1609:
1511:Health economics
1469:Economic capital
1437:
1395:Joint Commission
1317:practice of the
1230:social insurance
859:aging population
454:Australian Unity
251:
244:
233:
226:
222:
219:
213:
189:
188:
181:
174:
167:
163:
160:
154:
131:
123:
112:
90:
89:
82:
49:medical expenses
33:Health insurance
21:
18:Health Insurance
7227:
7226:
7222:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7217:
7216:
7162:
7161:
7160:
7155:
7151:Organized labor
7121:Aspects of jobs
7097:
7088:Toxic workplace
7023:Emotional labor
6996:
6920:Public programs
6915:
6832:Great Recession
6802:Full employment
6790:Long Depression
6756:
6654:Banishment room
6630:
6552:Refusal of work
6495:
6419:Corporate crime
6387:
6354:
6217:
6142:
6019:
5941:
5875:
5752:Graduate school
5662:
5584:
5528:
5519:Underemployment
5378:
5322:Self-employment
5297:Contingent work
5287:Academic tenure
5280:Classifications
5275:
5270:
5240:
5235:
5213:
5209:Insurance cycle
5172:Fraternal order
5065:
4996:
4990:
4949:Proximate cause
4944:Insurance fraud
4924:General average
4883:Claims adjuster
4825:Risk management
4820:Risk assessment
4784:
4781:
4770:
4736:Prize indemnity
4603:
4551:
4545:
4474:
4435:Over-redemption
4393:
4345:
4336:National health
4277:
4271:
4266:
4222:
4217:
4216:
4206:
4204:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4180:
4178:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4147:
4143:
4135:
4131:
4122:Wayback Machine
4113:
4109:
4096:
4092:
4079:
4075:
4065:
4063:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4040:
4036:
4023:
4016:
4003:
3999:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3973:
3969:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3952:
3947:
3943:
3899:
3895:
3890:Wayback Machine
3880:
3876:
3871:Wayback Machine
3861:
3854:
3844:
3842:
3841:. 14 April 2020
3833:
3832:
3828:
3818:
3816:
3808:Levey, Noam N.
3806:
3802:
3792:
3790:
3780:
3776:
3766:
3764:
3754:
3750:
3740:
3738:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3714:
3712:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3675:
3671:
3648:
3644:
3621:
3617:
3607:
3605:
3603:Washington Post
3597:
3596:
3592:
3568:
3564:
3541:
3537:
3527:
3525:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3497:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3451:
3447:
3442:Wayback Machine
3435:BUPA exclusions
3433:
3429:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3364:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3324:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3269:
3262:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3216:
3214:
3201:
3200:
3193:
3183:
3181:
3173:
3172:
3165:
3155:
3153:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3103:
3099:
3060:
3056:
3046:
3044:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2993:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2947:
2943:
2928:
2904:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2834:
2830:
2818:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2776:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2746:
2740:Wayback Machine
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2660:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2638:Wayback Machine
2629:
2625:
2620:on 1 June 2014.
2606:
2602:
2594:
2587:
2542:
2538:
2493:Busse, Reinhard
2490:
2483:
2473:
2471:
2463:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2435:
2428:
2424:
2413:
2400:
2393:
2389:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2350:(10): 1559–87.
2336:
2325:
2323:
2296:
2290:
2279:
2277:
2276:on 6 April 2020
2273:
2262:
2256:
2252:
2239:
2235:
2190:
2186:
2176:
2174:
2167:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2114:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2095:UnitedConsumers
2089:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2062:
2060:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1998:
1983:
1979:
1973:Wayback Machine
1964:
1960:
1954:Wayback Machine
1945:
1941:
1928:
1919:
1909:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1854:
1852:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1829:Wayback Machine
1816:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1770:
1762:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1732:
1731:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1661:
1657:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1577:Social security
1479:Health Advocate
1459:
1454:
1448:
1428:
1422:
1314:fee-for-service
1298:
1290:Main articles:
1288:
1276:Jonathan Gruber
1258:health advocacy
1189:
1181:Main articles:
1179:
1095:in-patient care
1074:
1068:
1060:life expectancy
1018:
1012:
989:
983:
957:MediShield Life
941:
935:
922:
916:
904:
898:
873:
867:
857:Due to Japan's
855:
826:
820:
796:
790:
750:
726:fee-for-service
687:
681:
641:nationalisation
629:
623:
596:
591:
583:Main articles:
581:
536:
530:
416:
410:
374:
368:
252:
241:
240:
239:
234:
223:
217:
214:
203:
190:
186:
175:
164:
158:
155:
144:
132:
91:
87:
80:
39:(also known as
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7225:
7215:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7157:
7156:
7154:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7112:
7111:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7073:Sunday scaries
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7004:
7002:
6998:
6997:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6949:
6944:
6939:
6934:
6929:
6923:
6921:
6917:
6916:
6914:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6896:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6824:
6822:Phillips curve
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6787:
6777:
6772:
6766:
6764:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6754:
6749:
6748:
6747:
6742:
6732:
6731:
6730:
6725:
6723:Retirement age
6720:
6710:
6705:
6704:
6703:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6676:Exit interview
6673:
6668:
6667:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6646:
6640:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6623:
6622:
6621:
6616:
6606:
6601:
6600:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6496:
6494:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6426:Discrimination
6423:
6422:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6395:
6393:
6389:
6388:
6386:
6385:
6380:
6378:Gender pay gap
6375:
6370:
6364:
6362:
6356:
6355:
6353:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6326:
6325:
6315:
6310:
6309:
6308:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6227:
6225:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6198:
6193:
6191:Parental leave
6188:
6186:Marriage leave
6183:
6181:Life insurance
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6152:
6150:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6109:
6108:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6071:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6037:Income bracket
6033:
6031:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5965:Eight-hour day
5962:
5957:
5951:
5949:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5883:
5881:
5877:
5876:
5874:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5856:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5724:
5722:Creative class
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5693:
5692:
5682:
5680:Apprenticeship
5676:
5674:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5648:Scarlet-collar
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5594:
5592:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5388:
5386:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5364:Temporary work
5361:
5356:
5351:
5350:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5332:Skilled worker
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5276:
5269:
5268:
5261:
5254:
5246:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5230:List of topics
5226:
5218:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5211:
5206:
5205:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5115:Burial society
5105:
5104:
5103:
5097:§235–238; §240
5089:§100–105; §126
5081:
5075:
5073:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5039:Climate change
5031:
5029:United Kingdom
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5000:
4998:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4987:
4986:
4976:
4974:Underinsurance
4971:
4966:
4964:Self-insurance
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4914:
4909:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4836:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4797:
4791:
4789:
4776:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4731:Political risk
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4711:Legal expenses
4708:
4703:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4628:
4627:
4622:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4555:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4491:Builder's risk
4488:
4482:
4480:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4415:Business owner
4412:
4407:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4379:Universal life
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4355:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4331:Long-term care
4328:
4323:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4290:
4288:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4265:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4221:
4220:External links
4218:
4215:
4214:
4188:
4173:(in Russian).
4158:
4148:Straz, Matt. "
4141:
4129:
4107:
4090:
4073:
4061:HealthCare.gov
4048:
4034:
4014:
3997:
3979:
3967:
3950:
3941:
3893:
3874:
3852:
3826:
3800:
3788:Bill of Health
3774:
3748:
3722:
3696:
3669:
3642:
3615:
3590:
3562:
3535:
3503:
3475:
3457:
3445:
3427:
3401:
3372:
3350:
3317:
3284:
3260:
3242:
3224:
3191:
3179:www.moh.gov.sg
3163:
3151:www.moh.gov.sg
3138:
3126:www.moh.gov.sg
3113:
3097:
3054:
3029:
3003:
2974:
2967:
2941:
2926:
2895:
2871:
2828:
2819:|website=
2766:
2755:
2744:
2725:
2689:
2654:
2642:
2623:
2600:
2585:
2536:
2481:
2453:
2446:
2422:
2411:
2387:
2373:on 15 May 2020
2250:
2233:
2184:
2165:
2146:
2132:
2108:
2082:
2070:
2044:
2008:
1977:
1958:
1939:
1935:Free full-text
1931:Health Affairs
1917:
1888:
1862:
1833:
1810:
1796:
1784:HealthCare.gov
1768:
1753:
1742:. 17 July 2013
1722:
1710:HealthCare.gov
1697:
1667:
1655:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1450:Main article:
1447:
1444:
1421:
1418:
1287:
1284:
1178:
1175:
1152:VitalityHealth
1087:financial risk
1070:Main article:
1067:
1066:United Kingdom
1064:
1014:Main article:
1011:
1008:
991:South Korea's
985:Main article:
982:
979:
937:Main article:
934:
931:
918:Main article:
915:
912:
900:Main article:
897:
894:
869:Main article:
866:
863:
854:
851:
822:Main article:
819:
816:
792:Main article:
789:
786:
781:
780:
777:
774:
767:
766:
763:
760:
757:
749:
746:
683:Main article:
680:
677:
664:
663:
660:
625:Main article:
622:
619:
595:
592:
580:
577:
532:Main article:
529:
526:
525:
524:
510:
509:
508:
498:
412:Main article:
409:
406:
367:
364:
350:
349:
343:
337:
336:authorization.
333:
329:
325:
319:
315:
311:
307:
301:
295:
284:
276:
275:
268:
254:
253:
236:
235:
200:of the subject
198:worldwide view
193:
191:
184:
177:
176:
135:
133:
126:
121:
95:
94:
92:
85:
79:
76:
65:not-for-profit
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7224:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7207:Public health
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7197:Health policy
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7152:
7149:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7113:
7104:
7103:
7100:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7048:Make-work job
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7005:
7003:
6999:
6995:
6994:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6967:Right to work
6965:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6952:Job guarantee
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6937:Make-work job
6935:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6924:
6922:
6918:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6767:
6765:
6763:
6759:
6753:
6750:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6737:
6736:
6733:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6708:Restructuring
6706:
6702:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6686:Notice period
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6651:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6637:
6633:
6627:
6624:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6592:Unfree labour
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6562:Bonded labour
6560:
6559:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6504:
6502:
6498:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6476:Whistleblower
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6409:Control fraud
6407:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6396:
6394:
6390:
6384:
6383:Glass ceiling
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6361:
6357:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6318:Work accident
6316:
6314:
6311:
6307:
6306:United States
6304:
6303:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6224:
6220:
6214:
6211:
6207:
6206:United States
6204:
6203:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6161:Casual Friday
6159:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6149:
6145:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6118:Paid time off
6116:
6114:
6113:Overtime rate
6111:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6102:
6099:
6095:
6094:United States
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6076:
6075:
6072:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6032:
6030:
6026:
6022:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5960:Four-day week
5958:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5948:
5944:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5878:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5844:Practice firm
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5742:Employability
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5729:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5713:
5710:
5708:
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5665:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5643:Orange-collar
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5591:
5590:Working class
5587:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5464:Job interview
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5317:Part-time job
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5302:Full-time job
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5267:
5262:
5260:
5255:
5253:
5248:
5247:
5244:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5219:
5216:
5210:
5207:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5154:
5153:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5137:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5034:United States
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4993:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4918:Force majeure
4915:
4913:
4910:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4839:Value of life
4837:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4783:
4777:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4701:Interest rate
4699:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4606:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4569:Inland marine
4567:
4565:
4564:GAP insurance
4562:
4560:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4552:Communication
4548:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4477:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4374:Unitised fund
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4364:Mortgage life
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4280:
4274:
4270:
4263:
4258:
4256:
4251:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4233:
4228:
4224:
4223:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4162:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4138:
4133:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4111:
4104:
4103:1-879143-26-7
4100:
4094:
4087:
4086:1-57996-025-1
4083:
4077:
4062:
4058:
4052:
4045:
4044:
4038:
4031:
4030:1-879143-36-4
4027:
4021:
4019:
4011:
4008:In 2001, the
4007:
4001:
3993:
3989:
3983:
3976:
3971:
3960:
3954:
3945:
3938:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3909:(8): 741–46.
3908:
3904:
3897:
3891:
3887:
3884:
3878:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3859:
3857:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3815:
3811:
3804:
3789:
3785:
3778:
3763:
3759:
3752:
3736:
3732:
3726:
3711:. 5 June 2018
3710:
3706:
3700:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3673:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3653:
3646:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3619:
3604:
3600:
3594:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3574:
3566:
3558:
3554:
3550:
3546:
3539:
3523:
3519:
3514:
3507:
3496:
3492:
3485:
3479:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3439:
3436:
3431:
3412:
3411:"Budget 2007"
3405:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3360:
3354:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3288:
3281:. p. A1.
3280:
3279:
3274:
3267:
3265:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3198:
3196:
3180:
3176:
3170:
3168:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3127:
3123:
3117:
3110:
3107:
3101:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3058:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3018:
3014:
3007:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2979:
2970:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2945:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2902:
2900:
2881:
2875:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2824:
2812:
2793:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2773:
2771:
2764:
2759:
2753:
2748:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2729:
2710:
2706:
2699:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2670:(2): w61–73.
2669:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2646:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2627:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2592:
2590:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2449:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2414:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2391:
2384:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2272:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2229:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2204:(3): 271–73.
2203:
2199:
2195:
2188:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2135:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2112:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2079:
2074:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2029:
2025:
2018:
2012:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1962:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1905:
1898:
1892:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1850:
1843:
1837:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1814:
1806:
1800:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1765:
1760:
1758:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1664:
1659:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1604:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1557:Public health
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1536:Nyman's model
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1506:Health crisis
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:Health system
1483:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1433:
1427:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1263:medical debts
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1177:United States
1174:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1160:Open Referral
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1132:Chubb Limited
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1103:ophthalmology
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1007:
1005:
1000:
998:
994:
988:
978:
974:
973:
969:
965:
962:
958:
954:
953:
949:
946:
940:
930:
927:
921:
911:
909:
903:
893:
889:
885:
881:
879:
872:
862:
860:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
815:
813:
809:
805:
800:
795:
785:
778:
775:
772:
771:
770:
764:
761:
758:
755:
754:
753:
745:
743:
739:
733:
729:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
698:
696:
692:
686:
676:
672:
668:
661:
657:
656:
655:
652:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
628:
618:
616:
612:
608:
603:
601:
590:
586:
576:
574:
570:
569:right to life
566:
565:
560:
557:In 2005, the
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
535:
522:
518:
514:
511:
505:
504:
502:
499:
496:
493:
492:
491:
488:
484:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
438:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
415:
405:
397:
393:
386:
383:
378:
373:
372:Health system
363:
359:
356:
347:
344:
341:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
320:
316:
312:
308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
292:
291:out-of-pocket
288:
285:
281:
280:
279:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:
259:
250:
247:
232:
229:
221:
211:
207:
201:
199:
192:
183:
182:
173:
170:
162:
152:
148:
142:
141:
136:This section
134:
130:
125:
124:
119:
117:
110:
109:
104:
103:
98:
93:
84:
83:
75:
73:
68:
66:
62:
58:
57:health system
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
7083:Toxic leader
7063:Presenteeism
7043:Labor rights
7033:Going postal
7008:Bullshit job
6991:
6976:
6971:
6762:Unemployment
6614:Downshifting
6597:Wage slavery
6577:Penal labour
6532:Dead-end job
6522:Conscription
6301:Right to sit
6175:
6156:Annual leave
6138:Working poor
6074:Minimum wage
6052:Maximum wage
6010:Working time
6000:Six-hour day
5897:Career break
5859:Professional
5653:Black-collar
5623:White-collar
5603:Green-collar
5580:Volunteering
5417:Drug testing
5407:Cover letter
5347:Tradesperson
5228:
5221:
5167:Credit union
5133:
5126:
5107:
4979:Underwriting
4934:Insurability
4916:
4895:Co-insurance
4865:
4861:Cancellation
4652:Catastrophic
4637:Climate risk
4465:Trade credit
4285:
4205:. Retrieved
4191:
4179:. Retrieved
4170:
4161:
4153:
4144:
4132:
4110:
4093:
4076:
4064:. Retrieved
4060:
4051:
4041:
4037:
4000:
3992:the original
3982:
3970:
3953:
3944:
3906:
3902:
3896:
3877:
3843:. Retrieved
3838:
3829:
3817:. Retrieved
3813:
3803:
3791:. Retrieved
3787:
3777:
3765:. Retrieved
3761:
3751:
3739:. Retrieved
3734:
3725:
3713:. Retrieved
3708:
3699:
3682:
3672:
3655:
3645:
3628:
3618:
3606:. Retrieved
3602:
3593:
3576:
3572:
3565:
3548:
3538:
3526:. Retrieved
3517:
3506:
3495:the original
3478:
3470:the original
3460:
3448:
3430:
3418:. Retrieved
3416:. p. 21
3404:
3392:. Retrieved
3385:the original
3375:
3363:. Retrieved
3353:
3341:. Retrieved
3334:the original
3329:
3320:
3308:. Retrieved
3301:the original
3296:
3287:
3276:
3254:
3245:
3237:OECD Library
3236:
3227:
3215:. Retrieved
3211:the original
3206:
3182:. Retrieved
3178:
3154:. Retrieved
3150:
3141:
3129:. Retrieved
3125:
3116:
3108:
3100:
3067:
3063:
3057:
3045:. Retrieved
3041:
3032:
3020:. Retrieved
3016:
3006:
2994:. Retrieved
2991:overheid.nl/
2990:
2950:
2944:
2908:
2886:. Retrieved
2874:
2844:(1): 45–48.
2841:
2837:
2831:
2799:. Retrieved
2792:the original
2783:
2778:
2758:
2747:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2709:the original
2704:
2692:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2645:
2626:
2618:the original
2614:finanztip.de
2613:
2603:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2504:
2500:
2472:. Retrieved
2468:
2431:
2425:
2416:
2396:
2390:
2382:
2375:. Retrieved
2368:the original
2347:
2343:
2331:
2324:. Retrieved
2307:(1): 45–64.
2304:
2300:
2285:
2278:. Retrieved
2271:the original
2253:
2236:
2201:
2197:
2187:
2175:. Retrieved
2171:the original
2155:
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2118:
2111:
2099:. Retrieved
2094:
2085:
2073:
2061:. Retrieved
2056:
2047:
2035:. Retrieved
2028:the original
2023:
2011:
1999:. Retrieved
1995:the original
1990:
1980:
1961:
1942:
1930:
1908:. Retrieved
1903:
1891:
1879:. Retrieved
1875:the original
1865:
1853:. Retrieved
1848:
1836:
1819:
1813:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1783:
1744:. Retrieved
1734:
1713:. Retrieved
1709:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1684:the original
1679:
1670:
1658:
1624:(10): 1118.
1621:
1617:
1607:
1429:
1399:
1374:managed care
1371:
1360:
1356:World War II
1344:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:Managed care
1272:David Cutler
1255:
1228:, a federal
1214:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1171:
1164:
1156:
1129:
1124:
1111:
1091:primary care
1075:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1019:
1001:
990:
975:
971:
970:
966:
955:
951:
950:
942:
923:
905:
890:
886:
882:
874:
856:
839:
835:
831:
827:
801:
797:
782:
768:
751:
737:
734:
730:
723:
718:
714:
706:
702:
699:
688:
673:
669:
665:
653:
649:
630:
604:
597:
562:
556:
537:
512:
500:
494:
489:
485:
476:
474:
458:'non-profit'
439:
424:
417:
402:
390:
382:PPP-adjusted
360:
351:
277:
257:
242:
224:
215:
195:
165:
156:
145:Please help
140:verification
137:
113:
106:
100:
99:Please help
96:
69:
40:
36:
32:
31:
29:
7177:Health care
6972:Historical:
6696:Resignation
6636:Termination
6619:Slow living
6587:Truck wages
6572:Labour camp
6500:Willingness
6392:Infractions
6047:Living wage
5990:Remote work
5658:Gold-collar
5613:Pink-collar
5608:Grey-collar
5598:Blue-collar
5565:Labour hire
5540:Cooperative
5504:Recruitment
5459:Job hunting
5392:Application
5374:Wage labour
5359:Labour hire
5312:Job sharing
5202:Trade union
5157:Cooperative
4830:Uncertainty
4689:Index-based
4657:Multi-peril
4615:Reinsurance
4574:Public auto
4479:Residential
3835:"FastStats"
3518:Independent
3394:21 November
3365:21 November
3343:21 November
3310:21 November
3217:19 February
3184:19 February
3156:19 February
3131:19 February
2718:10 November
2556:: S71–S86.
2474:10 February
2418:workplaces.
2333:population.
2265:. Seattle:
2177:19 November
2139:19 November
2101:28 November
2063:28 November
1690:21 November
1410:coinsurance
1319:professions
1026:Switzerland
1010:Switzerland
981:South Korea
896:New Zealand
865:Netherlands
806:called the
538:As per the
366:Comparisons
304:Coinsurance
61:payroll tax
53:health risk
41:medical aid
7166:Categories
6906:Wage curve
6713:Retirement
6626:Workaholic
6604:Work ethic
6471:Wage theft
6456:Labour law
6451:Evaluation
6436:Dress code
6201:Sick leave
6166:Child care
6128:Salary cap
6042:Income tax
6005:Shift work
5937:Time clock
5932:Sick leave
5927:Sabbatical
5892:Break room
5880:Attendance
5849:Profession
5834:Mentorship
5812:Retraining
5737:E-learning
5633:New-collar
5628:Red-collar
5575:Supervisor
5555:Internship
5474:Onboarding
5342:Technician
5337:Journeyman
5307:Gig worker
5273:Employment
4997:by country
4995:Insurance
4969:Total loss
4890:Deductible
4851:Cash value
4795:Act of God
4780:Insurance
4694:Parametric
4674:Expatriate
4550:Transport/
4516:Landlords'
4501:Earthquake
4389:Whole life
4309:Disability
4066:6 November
3207:kloodo.com
3064:The Lancet
3022:15 January
2501:The Lancet
2097:(in Dutch)
2037:9 February
2024:aph.gov.au
1789:6 November
1715:23 October
1599:References
1424:See also:
1406:deductible
1348:Blue Cross
1150:, WPA and
561:ruled, in
460:including
452:including
431:privatized
370:See also:
322:Capitation
298:Co-payment
287:Deductible
102:improve it
78:Background
7093:Workhouse
7013:Busy work
6827:Recession
6691:Pink slip
6649:Dismissal
6512:Careerism
6106:Singapore
6084:Hong Kong
5947:Schedules
5866:Tradesman
5767:Licensure
5727:Education
5697:Avocation
5638:No-collar
5618:Precariat
5499:Probation
5454:Job fraud
5143:Syndicate
5109:Collegium
5004:Australia
4959:Risk pool
4929:Indemnity
4900:Copayment
4834:Knightian
4746:Terrorism
4716:Liability
4584:Satellite
4445:Pollution
4369:Term life
4278:insurance
4276:Types of
4269:Insurance
3937:full text
2936:213140829
2880:"en.indd"
2858:1441-0745
2821:ignored (
2811:cite book
2779:国民健康保険の手引
2572:0022-3476
2523:0140-6736
2321:154659524
1328:formulary
1115:pregnancy
1107:dentistry
1037:franchise
1022:universal
933:Singapore
645:Beveridge
637:Communist
609:, Aetna,
408:Australia
355:formulary
340:Formulary
218:June 2021
210:talk page
159:June 2021
108:talk page
45:insurance
7001:See also
6927:Workfare
6752:Turnover
6148:Benefits
6029:salaries
5985:Overtime
5975:Flextime
5907:Gap year
5902:Furlough
5871:Vocation
5854:Operator
5717:Coaching
5672:training
5550:Employer
5545:Employee
5449:Job fair
5327:Side job
5223:Category
5101:§275–277
5019:Pakistan
4867:Pro rata
4756:War risk
4721:No-fault
4632:Casualty
4589:Shipping
4559:Aviation
4536:Renters'
4531:Property
4526:Mortgage
4496:Contents
4470:Umbrella
4430:Fidelity
4398:Business
4294:Accident
4207:24 April
4201:Archived
4181:23 April
4175:Archived
4118:Archived
3931:25720725
3923:19501347
3886:Archived
3867:Archived
3585:30074743
3522:Archived
3438:Archived
3092:13371951
3084:21641465
3047:30 March
2996:21 March
2866:10894651
2801:30 March
2736:Archived
2684:16495287
2634:Archived
2580:27666278
2531:28684025
2377:10 March
2364:12061488
2326:10 March
2280:10 March
2228:16076823
2057:ABC News
1969:Archived
1950:Archived
1910:23 April
1855:23 April
1825:Archived
1746:24 March
1680:hcsc.com
1650:28946711
1457:See also
1245:and the
1234:Medicaid
1226:Medicare
961:MediSave
633:Gaullist
573:security
552:Medicare
468:and the
450:'mutual'
420:Medicare
310:pockets.
264:contract
204:You may
67:entity.
6977:U.S.A.:
6582:Peonage
6557:Slavery
6507:Boreout
6246:Karoshi
6196:Pension
5980:On-call
5685:Artisan
5369:Laborer
5148:Benefit
5135:Digesta
5071:History
4805:Actuary
4761:Weather
4751:Tuition
4741:Takaful
4669:Deposit
4599:Vehicle
4171:MetLife
3839:cdc.gov
3819:4 March
3793:4 March
3767:4 March
3741:4 March
3715:4 March
3608:4 March
2888:1 March
2219:1180658
2001:29 June
1881:7 March
1641:5664619
1582:Welfare
1432:Russian
1243:TRICARE
1208:of the
679:Germany
647:model.
615:Metlife
6681:Layoff
6231:Crunch
6089:Europe
6079:Canada
6067:Europe
5668:Career
5509:Résumé
5384:Hiring
5292:Casual
5024:Serbia
4984:Profit
4856:Broker
4782:policy
4594:Travel
4579:Marine
4486:Boiler
4460:Surety
4304:Dental
4286:Health
4101:
4084:
4028:
3929:
3921:
3845:26 May
3583:
3420:11 May
3090:
3082:
2965:
2934:
2924:
2864:
2856:
2786:]
2682:
2578:
2570:
2529:
2521:
2444:
2409:
2362:
2319:
2244:
2226:
2216:
2163:
2130:
1648:
1638:
1446:Taiwan
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