407:
working knowledge of staff. In a subsequent interview, the Zone
Quality Standards Manager said, "I do not have knowledge of railway engineering nor railway safety", which was completely contrary to the written requirements for the role. In May 1999, the Head of Track had said that insufficiently-skilled work was causing more rails to break. Railtrack did not know how many other cases of rail fatigue around the network could lead to a similar accident. It consequently imposed over 1,800 emergency speed restrictions and instigated a costly nationwide track replacement programme. The company was subject to "enforcement" by the
2111:
38:
1094:
621:
517:), Railtrack's Alistair Cook and Sean Fugill (asset managers for the London North-East zone), and track engineer Keith Lee, all denied the charges. The corporate manslaughter charges against Railtrack/Network Rail and some of its executives were dropped in September 2004, but the other charges stood.
484:
The aftermath of the crash had long-reaching repercussions in the rail industry. In 2015, at the fifteenth anniversary of the accident, the Rail, Maritime and
Transport union (RMT) said a new system for handling maintenance introduced by Network Rail was confusing, and there was the potential for a
280:
at 12:23. The train was in the control of an experienced driver trainer accompanied by a trainee driver. It had been agreed at Kings Cross that the trainee would drive the 12:10 service to Leeds. The primary cause of the accident was later determined to be the left-hand rail fracturing as the train
524:
all defendants on charges of manslaughter. A few days later, Balfour Beatty changed its plea to guilty on the health and safety charges, and on 6 September, Network Rail was found guilty of breaching health and safety law. Network Rail were fined £3.5 million while
Balfour Beatty were fined
496:
four months later, sustaining minor damage. It was repaired again following the accident, and remained in service for a further 20 years, finally being scrapped at Sims Metals
Scrapyard in Nottingham in 2021. As a result of its involvement in both accidents, it had gained the unofficial nickname
406:
Since privatisation, Railtrack had divested the engineering knowledge of
British Rail to contractors. While it had comprehensive maintenance procedures that might have prevented the accident if followed appropriately, later investigation showed there was a serious problem with the experience and
834:
1085:
610:
825:
739:
244:. The aftermath of the accident saw widespread speed limit reductions throughout the rail network and a tightening of health and safety procedures, the repercussions of which were still felt years later. In 2005, both Railtrack and the contractor
438:
The speed restrictions and track replacement works caused significant disruption on a majority of the national network for more than a year. The disruption and
Railtrack's spiralling costs eventually caused the company to enter
402:
in
December 1999 warned that the existing Railtrack Line Specification was insufficient to guard against this type of fatigue. Replacement rails were made available but never delivered to the correct location for installation.
481:(TWI) and Network Rail as a consequence of the recommendations in the investigation report. It provides a focus for individuals and organisations involved in rail welding and facilitates the adoption of best practice.
1746:
300:
Four passengers died in the accident and a further 33 were initially reported as injured, three seriously. The number of injured was later revised to over 70. Those who died were all in the restaurant coach:
435:. A second service was held near the crash site afterwards. Both were conducted by the Rector of Hatfield, who had attended to casualties and the bereaved in the immediate aftermath of the accident in 2000.
284:
The train travelled a further 1,000 yards (910 m) after derailment. The leading locomotive and the first two coaches remained upright and on the rails. All of the following coaches and the trailing
1739:
391:
cracks to grow. When they reach a critical size, the rail fails. Portions of the failed track at
Hatfield were reassembled and numerous fatigue cracks were identified. They contributed to the
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coaches had good structural integrity and, aside from the restaurant coach, remained intact after the accident. Coincidentally, the locomotive in the crash was also involved in the
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2110:
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431:. The families of the other three fatal casualties received damages out of court. A memorial service was held for the victims on the tenth anniversary of the crash in 2010 at
513:
and breach of health and safety charges in connection with the accident. The managers, Anthony Walker (Balfour Beatty's rail maintenance director), Nicholas
Jeffries (its
1126:
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289:(DVT) were derailed, and the train set separated into three sections. The restaurant coach, the eighth vehicle in the set, overturned onto its side and struck an
876:
1600:
458:
Train operating companies were adversely affected by the disruption, losing an estimated 19% of revenue in the year following the crash. Freight operator
2162:
1570:
387:" (defined as multiple surface-breaking cracks). Such cracks are caused by high loads where the wheels contact the rail. Repeated high loading causes
1715:
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The trial began in
January 2005; the judge, Mr Justice Mackay, warned that it could go on for a year. On 14 July, the judge instructed the jury to
1520:
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2005:
2147:
1312:
236:. Reports found there was a lack of communication and some staff were not aware of maintenance procedures. Railtrack subsequently went into
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similar accident. The union's general secretary said that Network Rail needed to act on its concerns, otherwise there would be
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The ORR Final Report in 2006 states "over 70" injured; news reports vary, mentioning figures up to "102 injured".
356:
was travelling on the train, and suffered minor cuts and bruises. Another passenger was the television reporter
2029:
766:
505:
In 2003, five managers and two companies – Network Rail (as successors of Railtrack) and the division of
232:
The accident exposed major stewardship shortcomings of the privatised national railway infrastructure company
395:
of the running surface to around five millimetres (0.2 in) deep and 100 millimetres (3.9 in) long.
1806:
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Two of those seriously injured were GNER staff working in the restaurant coach at the time of the accident.
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A preliminary investigation found a rail had fragmented as trains passed and that the likely cause was "
1663:
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525:£10 million. All of the manslaughter charges against the executives were dismissed by the judge.
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2045:
2037:
1930:
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gantry after derailing, resulting in severe damage to the vehicle. The whole incident occurred in 17
1895:
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The Class 91 powering the train involved in the Hatfield rail crash would later be involved in the
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20:
707:
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84:
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19:
This article is about the rail crash in 2000. For the accident in 1870 in which eight died, see
2072:
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478:
428:
952:
360:, who said he "watched the carriages skid and whip around on the gravel besides the track".
767:"British police recommend corporate manslaughter charges (Aucklander Robert Alcorn killed)"
273:
237:
139:
470:
million per month. The cost to the entire UK economy of the disruption was estimated at £6
398:
The problem was known about before the accident; a letter from the infrastructure company
8:
1879:
1825:
1514:
Train Derailment at Hatfield : A Final Report by the Independent Investigation Board
1121:
368:
286:
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1754:
1699:
537:, an earlier accident that also led to reforms in British railway management and safety
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1203:
Off the rails: Britain's great rail crisis : cause, consequences and cure
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indicates railway accidents and incidents resulting in at least 5 fatalities
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261:
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111:
98:
43:
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was cancelling up to 400 trains per week as a result, whilst estimates put
448:
375:(where the leading DVT hit a road vehicle on the track) four months later.
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at approximately 115 mph (185 km/h) when it derailed south of
412:
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37:
1552:
ORR Final Report by the Independent Investigation Board (archive copy)
616:
521:
399:
348:
233:
947:
Doherty, Andy; Steve Clark; Robert Care; Mark Dembosky (June 2005).
823:
Cobain, Ian; Horsnell, Michael; Binyon, Michael (19 October 2000).
737:
Bird, Steve; Wilkinson, Paul; Horsnell, Michael (20 October 2000).
675:
392:
306:
1615:
1313:"First LNER Class 91 locomotive set to be scrapped in Nottingham"
1283:"Unions raise safety concerns on Hatfield rail crash anniversary"
1230:
326:
214:
912:
Train Doctor: Trouble Shooting with Diesel and Electric Traction
608:
Cobain, Ian; Harvey, Michael; Bird, Steve (18 October 2000).
340:
265:
1571:
Hatfield Rail Disaster – OpenLearn from The Open University
477:
The Institute of Rail Welding (IoRW) was set up in 2002 by
1557:
Health & Safety Executive page on the Hatfield crash
708:"Church services mark Hatfield train crash anniversary"
248:
were found guilty of breaching health and safety laws.
1086:"Rail safety 'still an issue' 10 years after Hatfield"
447:, and its replacement by the not-for-dividend company
16:
2000 rail accident in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England
1756:
Railway accidents and incidents in the United Kingdom
1547:
ORR summary: Hatfield train derailment (archive copy)
1016:
736:
1478:"Judge dismisses Hatfield rail manslaughter charges"
822:
611:"Four killed and 33 hurt: mechanical failure blamed"
1253:"Repairing RCF – The IoRW's 2015 Technical Seminar"
967:
509:that maintained the track – were charged with
1084:
1064:
1040:
1028:
824:
793:"Family pleased at charges over fatal train crash"
738:
609:
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1117:"Hatfield crash "was disaster waiting to happen""
1052:
979:
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891:
229:, killing four people and injuring more than 70.
2133:Railway accidents and incidents in Hertfordshire
2124:
1519:(Report). Office of Rail Regulation. July 2006.
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46:passing a memorial garden for the crash victims
1206:, Verso, "Companies in trouble", pp. 124–129,
702:
700:
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1740:
1601:
1199:
740:"Pilot who flew worldwide met death on train"
665:
663:
541:List of rail accidents in the United Kingdom
423:In 2004, Steve Arthur's widow was awarded £1
1453:. BBC News. 6 November 2005. Archived from
1229:. Institute of Rail Welding. Archived from
695:
1747:
1733:
1608:
1594:
660:
36:
2163:October 2000 events in the United Kingdom
1000:More Time for Politics: Diaries 2001–2007
818:
816:
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443:at the insistence of Transport Secretary
1427:. BBC News. 18 July 2005. Archived from
1401:. BBC News. 14 July 2005. Archived from
603:
601:
599:
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272:at 12:10, and was travelling along the
2125:
1475:
1175:"Rail privatisation – a short history"
909:
811:
1728:
1589:
1129:from the original on 10 February 2018
2148:2000 disasters in the United Kingdom
1490:from the original on 12 January 2021
1349:from the original on 12 January 2021
1293:from the original on 12 January 2021
1181:from the original on 12 January 2021
1097:from the original on 12 January 2021
1082:
997:
879:from the original on 12 January 2021
837:from the original on 12 January 2021
799:from the original on 12 January 2021
795:. New Zealand Herald. 10 July 2003.
773:from the original on 12 January 2021
769:. New Zealand Herald. 30 July 2001.
718:from the original on 12 January 2021
683:from the original on 12 January 2021
624:from the original on 12 January 2021
592:
1691:Sarai Banjara train disaster, India
1673:Hatfield rail crash, United Kingdom
1512:
1451:"Network Rail guilty over Hatfield"
1369:"Charges dropped against Railtrack"
1070:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1022:
985:
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934:
914:. Casemate Publishers. p. 20.
897:
855:
671:"How Hatfield changed the railways"
654:
642:
586:
13:
1579:BBC News In Depth – Hatfield crash
1425:"Company admits Hatfield breaches"
1375:. 2 September 2004. Archived from
1339:"Hatfield a "disaster in waiting""
826:"Railtrack knew about faulty line"
14:
2174:
1664:Naka-Meguro train disaster, Japan
1540:
1526:from the original on 29 June 2013
1399:"Rail killing charges thrown out"
202:List of UK rail accidents by year
2109:
1259:. 21 August 2015. Archived from
1083:Pank, Philip (18 October 2010).
951:. Ingenia Online. Archived from
433:St Etheldreda's Church, Hatfield
217:accident on 17 October 2000, at
1700:Rizal Day bombings, Philippines
1618:Railway accidents and incidents
1469:
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1177:. Channel 4 News. 1 July 2009.
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363:Crash investigators found the
1:
1655:Brühl train disaster, Germany
1476:Milner, Mark (15 July 2005).
1149:"Railtrack in administration"
1002:. Random House. p. 364.
546:
500:
418:
305:Robert James Alcorn, 37, of
7:
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258:Great North Eastern Railway
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150:Great North Eastern Railway
10:
2179:
18:
2143:Railway accidents in 2000
2099:
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1636:
535:Ladbroke Grove rail crash
466:'s resultant losses at £1
200:
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60:17 October 2000
56:
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35:
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2138:History of Hertfordshire
1682:Kaprun disaster, Austria
451:under Byers's successor
378:
335:Peter Monkhouse, 50, of
21:1870 Hatfield rail crash
2153:Hatfield, Hertfordshire
1716:2001 ►
1712:◄ 1999
427:million damages in the
385:rolling contact fatigue
315:Steve Arthur, 46, from
219:Hatfield, Hertfordshire
85:Hatfield, Hertfordshire
2158:2000s in Hertfordshire
1200:Andrew Murray (2001),
910:Senior, Roger (2016).
869:"Hatfield Train Crash"
2006:Liverpool Lime Street
1646:Åsta accident, Norway
479:The Welding Institute
221:. It was caused by a
69:12:23, (UTC)
679:. 6 September 2005.
325:Leslie Gray, 43, of
274:East Coast Main Line
240:and was replaced by
140:East Coast Main Line
112:51.75389°N 0.22167°W
1575:BBC News coverage:
1405:on 24 February 2012
1345:. 31 January 2005.
1289:. 16 October 2015.
1227:"Mission statement"
1125:. 31 January 2005.
1122:The Daily Telegraph
998:Benn, Tony (2010).
955:on 24 December 2012
714:. 17 October 2010.
287:Driving Van Trailer
270:London King's Cross
211:Hatfield rail crash
108: /
31:Hatfield rail crash
1457:on 25 October 2012
1379:on 21 October 2012
1233:on 12 October 2016
1025:, pp. 81, 84.
949:"Why Rails Crack?"
117:51.75389; -0.22167
2118:
2117:
1923:Falls of Cruachan
1722:
1721:
1009:978-1-4090-6320-9
921:978-1-4738-7045-1
487:industrial action
474:million per day.
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1987:Watford Junction
1982:
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1888:Barrow upon Soar
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1155:. 8 October 2001
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976:, pp. 54–5.
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494:Selby rail crash
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453:Alistair Darling
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373:Selby rail crash
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281:passed over it.
278:Hatfield station
264:train bound for
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2014:London Waterloo
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1562:Why Rails Crack
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1319:. 19 March 2021
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1541:External links
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1263:on 6 July 2017
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1093:. p. 11.
1075:
1073:, p. 120.
1063:
1051:
1049:, p. 107.
1039:
1037:, p. 114.
1027:
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990:
978:
966:
939:
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848:
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548:
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543:
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515:civil engineer
507:Balfour Beatty
502:
499:
441:administration
420:
417:
409:Rail Regulator
380:
377:
358:Justin Rowlatt
344:
343:
333:
323:
313:
253:
250:
246:Balfour Beatty
238:administration
205:
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92:
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58:
54:
53:
49:
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41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
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2062:
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2027:
2023:
2022:Parsons Green
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
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1976:
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1968:
1964:
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1819:
1818:Burmarsh Road
1815:
1813:
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1800:
1796:
1793:
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1780:Lawrence Hill
1777:
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1257:Rail Engineer
1254:
1248:
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1215:
1213:9781859846407
1209:
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1128:
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1123:
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1096:
1092:
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1079:
1072:
1067:
1061:, p. 98.
1060:
1055:
1048:
1043:
1036:
1031:
1024:
1019:
1011:
1005:
1001:
994:
988:, p. 17.
987:
982:
975:
970:
954:
950:
943:
937:, p. 16.
936:
931:
923:
917:
913:
906:
900:, p. 34.
899:
894:
878:
874:
870:
864:
857:
852:
836:
833:. p. 1.
832:
827:
819:
817:
815:
798:
794:
788:
772:
768:
762:
746:
741:
733:
717:
713:
709:
703:
701:
699:
682:
678:
677:
672:
666:
664:
657:, p. 43.
656:
651:
645:, p. 45.
644:
639:
623:
619:
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612:
604:
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508:
498:
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456:
454:
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445:Stephen Byers
442:
436:
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317:Pease Pottage
314:
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308:
304:
303:
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298:
292:
291:overhead line
288:
282:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
262:InterCity 225
259:
249:
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224:
223:metal fatigue
220:
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138:
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93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
59:
55:
50:
45:
44:InterCity 225
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
2120:
2101:
1999:
1856:Battery Road
1849:
1838:
1834:Ufton Nervet
1811:
1791:
1771:
1672:
1564:
1528:. Retrieved
1505:
1504:
1492:. Retrieved
1483:The Guardian
1481:
1471:
1459:. Retrieved
1455:the original
1445:
1433:. Retrieved
1429:the original
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1403:the original
1393:
1381:. Retrieved
1377:the original
1372:
1363:
1351:. Retrieved
1342:
1333:
1321:. Retrieved
1316:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1286:
1277:
1265:. Retrieved
1261:the original
1256:
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1231:the original
1221:
1202:
1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1169:
1157:. Retrieved
1152:
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1120:
1111:
1099:. Retrieved
1090:
1078:
1066:
1054:
1042:
1030:
1018:
999:
993:
981:
969:
957:. Retrieved
953:the original
942:
930:
911:
905:
893:
881:. Retrieved
872:
863:
858:, p. 4.
851:
839:. Retrieved
830:
801:. Retrieved
787:
775:. Retrieved
761:
749:. Retrieved
747:. p. 11
744:
732:
720:. Retrieved
711:
685:. Retrieved
674:
650:
638:
626:. Retrieved
615:
589:, p. 1.
571:
570:
560:
551:
550:
519:
511:manslaughter
504:
491:
483:
476:
464:Freightliner
457:
449:Network Rail
437:
422:
405:
397:
382:
365:British Rail
362:
347:
345:
299:
283:
255:
242:Network Rail
231:
210:
208:
25:
2073:Llangennech
1845:7/7, London
1807:Potters Bar
1790:(Feb 2001)
1567:, June 2005
354:Anna Brecon
321:West Sussex
311:New Zealand
159:Broken rail
115: /
91:Coordinates
2127:Categories
2091:(Oct 2021)
2083:(Mar 2021)
2075:(Aug 2020)
2067:(Aug 2020)
2065:Stonehaven
2048:(Nov 2018)
2040:(Oct 2018)
2032:(Mar 2018)
2024:(Sep 2017)
2016:(Aug 2017)
2008:(Feb 2017)
1997:(Nov 2016)
1989:(Sep 2016)
1981:(Apr 2016)
1973:(Oct 2015)
1971:Shalesmoor
1965:(Mar 2015)
1957:(Jul 2013)
1949:(Jun 2012)
1947:Loch Treig
1941:(Nov 2010)
1933:(Aug 2010)
1925:(Jun 2010)
1917:(Jan 2010)
1915:Carrbridge
1898:(Sep 2008)
1890:(Feb 2008)
1882:(Feb 2007)
1874:(Dec 2005)
1866:(Jul 2005)
1858:(Jul 2005)
1847:(Jul 2005)
1836:(Nov 2004)
1828:(Feb 2004)
1820:(Aug 2003)
1809:(May 2002)
1801:(Feb 2002)
1788:Great Heck
1782:(Nov 2000)
1774:(Oct 2000)
1317:RailAdvent
959:9 December
883:12 October
803:1 December
777:1 December
547:References
501:Court case
429:High Court
413:Tom Winsor
367:-designed
337:Headingley
227:derailment
177:Passengers
164:Statistics
100:51°45′14″N
64:2000-10-17
2107:1900–1999
2089:Salisbury
1530:16 August
1494:23 August
1353:22 August
1297:22 August
1267:22 August
1237:23 August
1185:22 August
1159:22 August
1133:22 August
1101:22 August
1091:The Times
841:21 August
831:The Times
751:21 August
745:The Times
722:16 August
687:23 August
628:16 August
617:The Times
572:Citations
497:'Lucky'.
419:Aftermath
400:Railtrack
349:Emmerdale
297:seconds.
268:had left
234:Railtrack
225:-induced
103:0°13′18″W
2030:Lewisham
1979:Plymouth
1880:Grayrigg
1872:Elsenham
1772:Hatfield
1521:Archived
1488:Archived
1373:BBC News
1347:Archived
1343:BBC News
1291:Archived
1179:Archived
1153:BBC News
1127:Archived
1095:Archived
1071:ORR 2006
1059:ORR 2006
1047:ORR 2006
1035:ORR 2006
1023:ORR 2006
986:ORR 2006
974:ORR 2006
935:ORR 2006
898:ORR 2006
877:Archived
873:BBC News
856:ORR 2006
835:Archived
797:Archived
771:Archived
716:Archived
712:BBC News
681:Archived
676:BBC News
655:ORR 2006
643:ORR 2006
622:Archived
587:ORR 2006
529:See also
393:spalling
352:actress
307:Auckland
252:Accident
146:Operator
81:Location
1995:Croydon
1955:Norwich
1939:Oxshott
1714:
1698:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1624: (
1565:Ingenia
1506:Sources
1461:4 March
1435:4 March
1409:4 March
1383:4 March
1287:BT News
389:fatigue
327:Tuxford
260:(GNER)
215:railway
196:Over 70
193:Injured
131:England
128:Country
71: (
62: (
52:Details
2081:Kirkby
1864:London
1799:Nocton
1696:Dec 30
1687:Dec 2
1678:Nov 11
1669:Oct 17
1660:Mar 8
1651:Feb 6
1642:Jan 4
1323:27 May
1210:
1006:
918:
522:acquit
472:
468:
425:
369:Mark 4
295:
213:was a
185:Deaths
169:Trains
2057:2020s
1907:2010s
1826:Tebay
1764:2000s
1524:(PDF)
1517:(PDF)
552:Notes
379:Cause
341:Leeds
266:Leeds
156:Cause
1626:2000
1622:2000
1532:2016
1496:2016
1463:2007
1437:2007
1411:2007
1385:2007
1355:2016
1325:2022
1299:2016
1269:2016
1239:2016
1208:ISBN
1187:2016
1161:2016
1135:2016
1103:2016
1004:ISBN
961:2008
916:ISBN
885:2019
843:2016
805:2017
779:2017
753:2016
724:2016
689:2016
630:2016
209:The
136:Line
57:Date
1620:in
460:EWS
180:170
42:An
2129::
1486:.
1480:.
1371:.
1341:.
1315:.
1285:.
1255:.
1151:.
1119:.
1089:.
875:.
871:.
829:.
813:^
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710:.
697:^
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662:^
620:.
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594:^
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415:.
411:,
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319:,
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256:A
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1387:.
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807:.
781:.
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726:.
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188:4
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73:Z
66:)
23:.
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