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959::50–54: "And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice, and yielded up His spirit. Then, behold, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom; and the earth quaked, and the rocks were split, and the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised; and coming out of the graves after His resurrection, they went into the holy city and appeared to many. So when the centurion and those with him, who were guarding Jesus, saw the earthquake and the things that had happened, they feared greatly, saying, 'Truly this was the Son of God!
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righteous, he organized his forces ... and commissioned them to go forth and carry the light of the gospel to them that were in darkness, even to all the spirits of men; and thus was the gospel preached to the dead, ... to those who had died in their sins, without a knowledge of the truth, or in transgression, having rejected the prophets". From the Latter-day Saint viewpoint, the rescue of spirits was not a one-time event but an ongoing process that still continues. This concept goes hand-in-hand with the doctrine of
1654:, which is based on the Latter-day Saint belief that those who choose to accept the gospel in the spirit world must still receive the saving ordinances in order to dwell in the kingdom of God. These baptisms and other ordinances are performed in Latter-day Saint temples, wherein a church member is baptized vicariously, or in behalf of, those who died without being baptized by proper authority. The recipients in the spirit world then have the opportunity to accept or reject this baptism.
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1490:(Sheol)—is used in Scripture and the Apostles' Creed to refer to the abode of all the dead, whether righteous or evil, unless or until they are admitted to Heaven (CCC 633). This abode of the dead is the "Hell" into which the Creed says Christ descended. His death freed from exclusion from Heaven the just who had gone before him: "It is precisely these holy souls who awaited their Savior in
1551:" of Christ is never fully separable from His victorious glorification. Luther himself, when pressed to elaborate on the question of whether Christ descended to Hell in humiliation or victory responded, "It is enough to preach the article to the laypeople as they have learned to know it in the past from the stained glass and other sources."
1526:), maintain that it was more than this and that the descent involved suffering by Jesus. Some maintain that this is a matter on which differences and theological speculation are permissible without transgressing the limits of orthodoxy. However, Balthasar's point here has been forcefully condemned by conservative Catholic outlets.
1559:"Anglican orthodoxy, without protest, has allowed high authorities to teach that there is an intermediate state, Hades, including both Gehenna and Paradise, but with an impassable gulf between the two." The traditional language of the Apostles' Creed affirms that Jesus "descended into hell"; the contemporary
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Conceptualization of the abode of the dead as a place, though possible and customary, is not obligatory (Church documents, such as catechisms, speak of a "state or place"). Some maintain that Christ did not go to the place of the damned, which is what is generally understood today by the word "Hell".
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to his death, and that this humiliation had a spiritual dimension as part of God's judgement upon the sin which he bore on behalf of
Christians. The doctrine of Christ's humiliation is also meant to assure believers that Christ has redeemed them from the pain and suffering of God's judgment on sin.
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Calvin's conclusion is that "If any persons have scruples about admitting this article into the Creed, it will soon be made plain how important it is to the sum of our redemption: if it is left out, much of the benefit of Christ’s death will be lost." Calvin strongly opposed the notion that Christ
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accomplished. The icon depicts Jesus, vested in white and gold to symbolize his divine majesty, standing on the brazen gates of Hades (also called the "Doors of Death"), which are broken and have fallen in the form of a cross, illustrating the belief that by his death on the cross, Jesus "trampled
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In the Latter-day Saint view, while Christ announced freedom from physical death to the just, he had another purpose in descending to Hell regarding the wicked. "The Lord went not in person among the wicked and the disobedient who had rejected the truth, to teach them; but behold, from among the
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Although the
Harrowing of Hell is taught by the Lutheran, Catholic, Reformed, and Orthodox traditions, a number of Christians reject the doctrine of the "harrowing of hell", claiming that "there is scant scriptural evidence for , and that Jesus's own words contradict it".
1946:. Virgil was in Limbo (the first circle of Hell) in the first place because he was not exposed to Christianity in his lifetime, and therefore he describes Christ in generic terms as a "mighty one" who rescued the Hebrew forefathers of Christianity, but left him and other
1385:, etc.); the bottom of the icon depicts Hades as a chasm of darkness, often with various pieces of broken locks and chains strewn about. Quite frequently, one or two figures are shown in the darkness, bound in chains, who are generally identified as personifications of
1685:("Who, then, but an unbeliever, has denied that Christ was in hell?") In this prison souls would not be detained unless they were indebted to divine justice, nor would salvation be preached to them unless they were in a state that was capable of receiving salvation.
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In the Acts of Pilate – usually incorporated with the widely-read medieval Gospel of
Nicodemus – texts built around an original that might have been as old as the 3rd century AD with many improvements and embroidered interpolations, chapters 17 to 27 are called the
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While those holding mortalist views on the soul would agree on the "harrowing of hell" concerning souls, that there were no conscious dead for Christ to literally visit, the question of whether Christ himself was also dead, unconscious, brings different answers:
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which each devote a separate scene to depict it. Christ was portrayed as conquering Satan, and then victoriously leading out Adam and Eve, the prophets, and the patriarchs. The earliest surviving
Christian drama probably intended to be performed is the
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1544:(a Lutheran confession) states, "we believe simply that the entire person, God and human being, descended to Hell after his burial, conquered the devil, destroyed the power of Hell, and took from the devil all his power" (Solid Declaration, Art. IX).
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has risen up against himself and is divided, he cannot stand, but his end has come. But no one can enter a strong man’s house and plunder his property without first tying up the strong man; then indeed the house can be plundered." That and
659::9, which states that " descended into the lower parts of the earth", as also supporting this interpretation. These passages in the New Testament have given rise to differing interpretations. The Harrowing of Hell is commemorated in the
1681:, in his 99th epistle, confesses that this text is replete with difficulties. This he declares is clear, beyond all doubt, that Jesus Christ descended in soul after his death into the regions below, and concludes with these words:
1675:, Pentecostal Adrian Warnock agrees with Grudem, commenting, "Despite some translations of an ancient creed , which suggest that Jesus ... 'descended into hell', there is no biblical evidence to suggest that he actually did so."
1576:
expressed his concern that many
Christians "have never earnestly considered what it is or means that we have been redeemed from God's judgment. Yet this is our wisdom: duly to feel how much our salvation cost the Son of God."
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has often been interpreted as drawing parallels between the Greek hero and Jesus freeing souls from Hell, with the explication of
Orpheus' descent and return from the Underworld as an allegory for Christ's as early as the
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taught that Christ did not descend into the "Hell of the lost" in his essence, but only by the effect of his death, through which "he put them to shame for their unbelief and wickedness: but to them who were detained in
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is its ruler. Some New
Testament translations use the term "Hades" to refer to the abode or state of the dead to represent a neutral place where the dead awaited the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus.
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once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, in order to bring you to God. He was put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit, in which also he went and made a proclamation to the spirits in
1667:, for example, says "there is no textual basis for believing that Christ descended into hell", and, therefore, Piper does not recite the "he descended into hell" phrase when saying the Apostles' Creed.
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The subject is found also in the
Cornish Mystery plays and the York and Wakefield cycles. These medieval versions of the story derive from scripture, but the details come from the Gospel of Nicodemus.
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states: "By the expression 'He descended into Hell', the
Apostles' Creed confesses that Jesus did really die and through his death for us conquered death and the devil 'who has the power of death' (
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and pulling them up out of Hades. Traditionally, he is not shown holding them by the hands but by their wrists, to illustrate the theological teaching that mankind could not pull himself out of his
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also skips the phrase when reciting the Creed; he says that the "single argument in ... favor seems to be that it has been around so long. ...But an old mistake is still a mistake". In his book
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leaves around the church, symbolizing the broken gates of Hell; this is done in celebration of the harrowing of Hades then taking place, and in anticipation of Christ's imminent resurrection.
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906:. The term 'Harrowing of Hell' refers not merely to the idea that Jesus descended into Hell, as in the Creed, but to the rich tradition that developed later, asserting that he triumphed over
1005::6: "For this is the reason the gospel was proclaimed even to the dead, so that, though they had been judged in the flesh as everyone is judged, they might live in the spirit as God does."
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Many attempts were made following Luther's death to systematize his theology of the descensus, whether Christ descended in victory or humiliation. For Luther, however, the defeat or "
64:
2227:"those of the lower regions". Neither word relates to fire; the use in English and other languages of "inferno" to mean "large fire" is modern and figurative, literally "hellish".
1461::14). In his human soul united to his divine person, the dead Christ went down to the realm of the dead. He opened Heaven's gates for the just who had gone before him."
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Perhaps the most notable aspect of Latter-day Saint beliefs regarding the
Harrowing of Hell is their view on the purpose of it, both for the just and the wicked.
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1017::24: "If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. And if a house is divided against itself, that house will not be able to stand. And if
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Parallels in Jewish literature refer to legends of Enoch and Abraham's harrowings of the Underworld, unrelated to Christian themes. These have been updated in
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Brinkman, Martien E., "The Descent into Hell and the Phenomenon of Exorcism in the Early Church", in Jerald D. Gort, Henry Jansen and Hendrik M. Vroom (eds),
1781:, Christ himself was not in the same condition as the dead, and while his body was in Hades, Christ, as second person of the Trinity, was conscious in heaven.
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in London, argued for the article to be dropped from the creed. The Harrowing of Hell was a major scene in traditional depictions of Christ's life avoided by
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988::18: "He is the head of the body, the church; he is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, so that he might come to have first place in everything."
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The richest, most circumstantial accounts of the Harrowing of Hell are found in medieval dramatic literature, such as the four great cycles of English
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was three days and three nights in the belly of the sea monster, so for three days and three nights the Son of Man will be in the heart of the earth."
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due to his mortalist views. Mortalist interpretations of the Acts 2 statements of Christ being in Hades are also found among later Anglicans such as
3406:(Amsterdam/New York, NY, 2007) (Currents of Encounter – Studies on the Contact between Christianity and Other Religions, Beliefs, and Cultures, 33).
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1030:, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it.") speak to Jesus's power and the impotence of Satan.
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Hilarion Alfayev, "Christ the Conqueror of Hell: The Descent into Hades from an Orthodox Perspective". St Vladimirs Seminary Pr (November 20, 2009)
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The New Testament maintains a distinction between Sheol, the common "place of the dead", and the eternal destiny of those condemned at the
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and were seen by many people there. Balthasar says this is a "visionary and imaginistic" description of Jesus vanquishing death itself.
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elaborate the concept of Sheol, dividing it into sections based on the righteousness or unrighteousness of those who have died.
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behind in the very same circle. It is clear that Virgil does not fully understand the significance of the event as Dante does.
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spoke of the resurrection of the Messiah, saying, 'He was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh experience corruption'."
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descends to Hell and uses his unique voice to bring about the repentance and liberation of the souls imprisoned there.
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whom Christ the Lord delivered when he descended into Hell", the Catechism states (CCC 633), echoing the words of the
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969::24: "But God raised him up, having freed him from death, because it was impossible for him to be held in its power."
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982::9: "In saying, 'he ascended', what does it mean but that he had also descended into the lower regions, the earth?"
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While some maintain that Christ merely descended into the "limbo of the fathers", others, notably theologian
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The realm into which Jesus descended is called Hell, in long-established English usage, but is also called
3427:(Grand Rapids (MI), Baker Academic, 2009) (Holy Cross Studies in Patristic Theology and History), 211–226.
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Georgia Frank, "Christ’s Descent to the Underworld in Ancient Ritual and Legend", in Robert J. Daly (ed),
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he gave hope of attaining to glory: while upon the holy Fathers detained in Hell solely on account of
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is said to have earned the respect of other angels during the harrowing due to his military prowess.
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2236:'Harrow' is a by-form of 'harry', a military term meaning to "make predatory raids or incursions".
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Light in Darkness: Hans Urs von Balthasar and the Catholic Doctrine of Christ's Descent into Hell
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1346:, but rather it reveals what Orthodox Christians believe to be the spiritual reality of what his
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of Strassburg argued that Hades in Acts 2 was merely a metaphor for the grave. Other reformers
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The Gospel of Matthew relates that immediately after Christ died, the earth shook, there was
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interpret the phrase "he descended into Hell" as referring to Christ's pain and humiliation
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2457:. Internet Archive. Westport, Connecticut, United States: Greenwood Press. pp. 10–11.
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The Harrowing of Hell is mentioned or suggested by several verses in the New Testament:
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For Luther it refers to God's abandonment of Christ during the three days of his death:
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freed prisoners, as opposed to traveling to Hell as part of completing his sufferings.
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Rescue for the Dead: The Posthumous Salvation of Non-Christians in Early Christianity
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Recording and essay with Il Giudizio Finale; Te Deum. dir Alberto Turco, Bongiovanni
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The Harrowing of Hell has been a unique and important doctrine among members of the
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and his followers also discussed the Harrowing of Hell, as mentioned by Tertullian,
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Bromiley, Geoffrey W. (1979). "Descent into Hell". In Bromiley, Geoffrey W. (ed.).
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1377:) of God. Jesus is surrounded by various righteous figures from the Old Testament (
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Christianity and World Religions: Disputed Questions in the Theology of Religions
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was torn in two, and many people rose from the dead, and after the resurrection (
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by some Christian theologians to distinguish it from the Hell of the damned. In
19:"Christ in Limbo" and "Descent into Hell" redirect here. For the 1986 film, see
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1342:(4th c.), does not depict simply the physical act of Christ coming out of the
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Probing the Depths of Evil and Good: Multireligious Views and Case Studies
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The Harrowing of Hades is generally more common and prominent in Orthodox
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of John the Baptist foretelling the descent of Christ to the righteous in
649::6, which states that the "good tidings were proclaimed to the dead". The
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A Critical Lexicon and Concordance to the English and Greek New Testament
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2681:"From an ancient homily for Holy Saturday: The Lord's descent into hell"
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Longenecker, Richard N. (2003). "Cosmology". In Gowan, Donald E. (ed.).
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also addresses the Harrowing of Hades, and is typically read during the
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Adam: original sin, Resurrection of Jesus, and Adam's grave at Golgotha
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1848: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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the Harrowing of Hell is mentioned in Canto IV by the pilgrim's guide
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A theology of Testament in the young Luther: the lectures on Hebrews
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in a vivid composition, now owned by the Indianapolis Museum of Art.
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contains the fullest and most dramatic development of the subject.
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Christ's descent into the world of the dead is referred to in the
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to the souls held captive there since the beginning of the world.
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Le Harrowing of Hell dans les Cycles de York, Towneley et Chester
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Milton's English poetry: being entries from A Milton encyclopedia
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1109:(died 397) all wrote of the Harrowing of Hell. The early heretic
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Quis ergo nisi infidelis negaverit fuisse apud inferos Christum?
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says that Jesus "descended to the dead" (BCP, pp. 53, 96).
1155:, the Harrowing of Hell was foreshadowed by Christ's raising of
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Gavin D'Costa, "Part IV: Christ’s Descent into Hell", in Idem,
3399:(Oxford, 2001) (Oxford Studies in Historical Theology), 91–108.
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Trumbower, J. A., "Jesus' Descent to the Underworld", in Idem,
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Piper, John; Columnist, Christian Post Guest (April 23, 2011).
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Rainwater, Robert (1990). "Sheol". In Mills, Watson E. (ed.).
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Wilhelm Schneemelcher, R. McLachlan Wilson (December 1, 1990)
1693:
The above views share the traditional Christian belief in the
717:, which is the first known inclusion of the word "harrowing".
4018:
1730:
1624:
1475:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1018:
973:
950:
930:
863:
859:
834:
824:
812:
773:
36:
2655:
Cyclopædia, or, An universal dictionary of arts and sciences
684:, which also appears separately at earlier dates within the
637:), although neither mention that he liberated the dead. His
1718:
1320:
874:
is the underworld inhabited by departed souls, and the god
3558:
Issues / people / publications involved
2562:
1997:
echoes the Harrowing of Hell theme in multiple places in
1425:
1360:
1319:
compared to the Western tradition. It is the traditional
1291:
colours (usually purple or black). Then, just before the
995:
3987:
1440:
that is the second reading at the Office of Readings on
1436:
on the subject, of unknown authorship, usually entitled
631:), which state that he "descended into the underworld" (
1968:
legend has its origin in pagan antiquity, the medieval
1464:
As the Catechism says, the word "Hell"—from the Norse,
1253:, the climactic service of the Orthodox celebration of
27:. For the 8th-century Anglo-Saxon liturgical play, see
3299:"The Harrowing of Hell Motif in Tolkien's Legendarium"
2052:
is asked to explain Jesus Christ's life to a group of
3484:
Russian Orthodox iconography of the Harrowing of Hell
3259:
The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Literature in English
3257:
Treharne, Elaine (2010). "Speaking of the Medieval".
3241:
Orpheus with His Lute: Poetry and the Renewal of Life
3071:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. 180.
1498:, 1, 6, 3. His death was of no avail to the damned.
2523:
Advanced thought in Europe, Asia, Australia, &c
2303:
1800:Of the three days, Christ says "I was dead" (Greek
1428:
lead the procession of the righteous behind Christ.
1264:, the Harrowing of Hades is celebrated annually on
729:
3475:, by Alexandra Costache-Babcinschi (ebook, French)
3243:. Bristol Classical Press. pp. 38, 50–53, 81.
1208:
1087:, 55, though he himself disagrees with the idea),
891:meaning "to harry or despoil", and is seen in the
2538:"Christ's Descent into Hell and His Resurrection"
2499:The Westminster Theological Wordbook of the Bible
1957:telling of the Harrowing of Hell is found in the
1406:Christ leads the patriarchs from Hell to Paradise
1371:, but that it could come about only by the work (
68:Christ leading Adam by the hand, depicted in the
4769:
3523:
3256:
3238:
3276:. Syracuse University Press. pp. 125–126.
2973:"Why do Mormons perform baptisms for the dead?"
1597:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1299:are changed to white and the deacon performs a
16:Christ's triumphant descent into the underworld
4339:Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament
3094:International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: A–D
3022:
2849:"Center for Reformed Theology and Apologetics"
1635:") and the portion (or state) of the wicked ("
776:, a dark, still place. Several works from the
738:for "resurrection"), considered a creation of
96:to souls by the Harrowing of Hell. Fresco, by
4003:
3976:Articles identified (I–XII) according to the
3915:The Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ
3509:
3368:"Misha Collins: Supernatural's Warrior Angel"
2609:
2367:The Apostle's Creed: Do You Really Believe It
2033:from the dark insinuations of the traitorous
555:
3489:Summa Theologica: Christ's descent into hell
2605:
2603:
2572:
2570:
2153:of the British dark comedy anthology series
2056:, who were particularly impressed with his "
1993:The Catholic philologist and fantasy author
1657:
1619:, although members of the church (known as "
1485:
1159:from the dead prior to his own crucifixion.
882:The word "harrow" originally comes from the
768:was that all people when they died, whether
688:. The descent into Hell had been related in
45:
3013:, April 2, 2012 (accessed January 14, 2013)
2610:von Balthasar, Hans Urs (January 1, 2000).
2525:. London: Richard D. Dickinson. p. 41.
2516:
2514:
2222:
2216:
1805:
1613:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
1515:, he shed the light of glory everlasting."
1469:
1408:, by Bartolomeo Bertejo, Spanish, c. 1480:
1033:
907:
851:("those below") may also be translated as "
846:
828:
632:
626:
4334:New Testament places associated with Jesus
4329:Historical background of the New Testament
4010:
3996:
3516:
3502:
3290:
3069:Christian Mortalism from Tyndale to Milton
2275:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Harrowing of Hell"
912:, releasing Hell's captives, particularly
855:", "netherworld", or "abode of the dead".
562:
548:
3425:Apocalyptic Thought in Early Christianity
3174:
2812:1, 2 Peter and Jude Through the Centuries
2613:Mysterium Paschale: The Mystery of Easter
2600:
2567:
2423:
2304:Hart, David Bentley, ed. (January 2017).
1864:Learn how and when to remove this message
676:, the story first appears clearly in the
23:. For the novel by Charles Williams, see
4661:Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew)
3271:
3091:
2992:
2990:
2648:
2511:
2454:Medieval art : a topical dictionary
2269:
2267:
2265:
2245:The following quotes are taken from the
2106:The Harrowing of Hell is the subject of
2066:
1875:
1400:
1217:
1176:
1161:
1037:
923:
83:
63:
35:
3220:from the original on September 17, 2012
2752:
2750:
2707:"Catechism of the Catholic Church]"
2369:. Wheaton, Illinois: Victor Books, pp.
1338:, partially inspired by the apocryphal
1279:. At the beginning of the service, the
4770:
3309:from the original on November 30, 2023
3261:. Oxford University Press. p. 10.
2808:
2544:from the original on February 20, 2018
2501:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 189
2188:– theology behind Orthodox iconography
1688:
994::18–19: "For Christ also suffered for
3991:
3497:
3413:(Grand Rapids (MI), Eerdmanns, 2007).
3296:
3146:
3131:
3066:
2987:
2390:
2262:
1784:To Christian mortalists who are also
1607:Plan of salvation (Latter Day Saints)
1334:The traditional Orthodox icon of the
2879:Institutes of the Christian Religion
2756:
2747:
2529:
2520:
2450:
2308:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
2121:(1803) to a text by Luigi Prividali.
1846:adding citations to reliable sources
1817:
1705:requires an alternative view of the
1331:and on Sundays throughout the year.
1057:The Harrowing of Hell was taught by
756:Afterlife § Abrahamic religions
598:) is the period of time between the
3348:from the original on March 26, 2016
3057:(Wheaton: Crossway, 2010), p. 33-34
2998:What did Jesus do on Holy Saturday?
2881:, Book 2, chapter 16, sections 8–10
2687:from the original on August 8, 2020
2347:from the original on April 10, 2020
1486:
742:culture and first appearing in the
92:from the dead, Jesus Christ grants
13:
4652:(traditional maternal grandfather)
4646:(traditional maternal grandmother)
3116:
3025:"Did Christ Ever Descend to Hell?"
2829:from the original on April 6, 2023
2735:from the original on July 28, 2020
2630:from the original on April 5, 2023
2588:from the original on April 7, 2023
2149:The harrowing is mentioned in the
1287:worn by the clergy are all somber
1121:. The 6th-century sect called the
1093:Treatise on Christ and Anti-Christ
811:wording in the Apostles' Creed is
719:Middle English dramatic literature
692:poems connected with the names of
14:
4824:
3434:
3035:from the original on May 11, 2023
2771:from the original on May 29, 2024
2411:from the original on May 29, 2024
2285:from the original on May 11, 2023
2017:" in which Beren is rescued from
706:. It is subsequently repeated in
260:Commissioning the Twelve Apostles
4752:
4751:
3420:(Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009),
2809:Skaggs, Rebecca (June 2, 2020).
2757:Reno, R. R. (October 15, 2008).
2535:
2306:The New Testament: a translation
1822:
1603:Spirit world (Latter Day Saints)
1454:Catechism of the Catholic Church
652:Catechism of the Catholic Church
532:
524:
140:
4658:(paternal grandfather per Luke)
3451:including the Descent into Hell
3389:
3360:
3330:
3321:
3265:
3250:
3232:
3202:
3191:
3168:
3140:
3125:
3110:
3085:
3060:
3047:
3016:
2965:
2946:
2931:
2920:
2906:
2893:
2871:
2841:
2802:
2783:
2717:
2699:
2673:
2642:
2556:
2491:
2397:. Nelson Thornes. p. 112.
2239:
2230:
1833:needs additional citations for
1209:Interpretations of the doctrine
4362:Quest for the historical Jesus
2975:, Frequently Asked Questions,
2479:Mercer Dictionary of the Bible
2471:
2444:
2384:
2359:
2330:
2297:
2209:
1927:
1615:since its founding in 1830 by
1554:
1529:
1396:
1026::18 ("And I tell you, you are
845:, "the lowest") and the Latin
802:
590:, "the descent of Christ into
326:Triumphal entry into Jerusalem
1:
3479:Lord's Descent into Hell, The
3444:: Descensus Christ ad inferos
3272:Friedman, John Block (2000).
3151:. Leiden: Brill. p. 95.
2256:
2143:
1922:
1813:
1273:Divine Liturgy of Saint Basil
972:Acts 2:31: "Foreseeing this,
900:
749:
711:
186:Annunciation to the Shepherds
101:
75:
2979:, LDS Church, archived from
2247:New Revised Standard Version
2215:Note that the Latin word is
1568:
1522:(inspired by the visions of
1438:The Lord's Descent into Hell
1213:
1151:According to the apocryphal
919:
841:
819:
588:Descensus Christi ad Inferos
7:
3864:Augsburg Confession Variata
2886:September 28, 2020, at the
2709:. p. 636–37. Archived from
2481:. Mercer University Press.
2365:D. Bruce Lockerbie (1977).
2179:
1471:infernus, infernum, inferni
1199:Decensus Christi ad Inferos
1167:Christ's Descent into Limbo
1076:and more explicitly in his
820:katelthonta eis ta katôtata
730:
10:
4829:
4312:Five Discourses of Matthew
3808:On the Bondage of the Will
3342:Indianapolis Museum of Art
3274:Orpheus in the Middle Ages
3003:February 25, 2020, at the
2899:Allen, R. Michael (2012).
2759:"Was Balthasar a Heretic?"
2649:Chambers, Ephraim (1728).
1600:
1476:
1351:down death by death" (see
1275:, as is normative for the
835:
814:κατελθόντα εἰς τὰ κατώτατα
813:
753:
746:in the early 8th century.
728:, it is also known as the
680:in the section called the
191:Adoration of the Shepherds
18:
4747:
4679:
4598:
4524:
4447:
4404:
4347:
4277:
4043:
4025:
4017:
3974:
3958:
3953:
3950:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3853:
3846:
3843:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3680:
3675:
3672:
3645:
3640:
3637:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3556:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3239:Henry, Elisabeth (1992).
3175:Whittaker, H. A. (1984).
3132:Bullinger, E. W. "Hell".
3117:Hunter, William Bridges.
3067:Burns, Norman T. (1972).
2815:. John Wiley & Sons.
2058:descent to the underworld
1988:
1910:found in the 8th-century
1658:Rejection of the doctrine
1327:, and is used during the
1078:Homily for Holy Saturday,
787:, variously described as
673:The Catholic Encyclopedia
639:descent to the underworld
606:. In triumphant descent,
213:Massacre of the Innocents
29:Harrowing of Hell (drama)
25:Descent into Hell (novel)
4539:In comparative mythology
2795:October 7, 2020, at the
2394:The Christian Experience
2202:
2100:
1894:
1721:as equivalent to use of
1303:, and the priest strews
1034:Early Christian teaching
772:or unrighteous, went to
21:Descent into Hell (film)
4692:Interactions with women
3460:March 14, 2012, at the
3449:The Gospel of Nicodemus
3210:"Auchinleck manuscript"
3147:Hagen, Kenneth (1974).
2431:New Testament Apocrypha
2391:Keene, Michael (1995).
1804:ἐγενόμην νεκρὸς, Latin
1713:, taking a view of the
1695:immortality of the soul
1310:
1266:Holy and Great Saturday
1262:Eastern Orthodox Church
887:
4813:New Testament miracles
4798:Christianity and death
4702:Mary, sister of Martha
4322:Oral gospel traditions
3409:Alyssa Lyra Pitstick,
3297:Steed, Robert (2017).
3177:Studies in the Gospels
2223:
2217:
2125:
2078:
2021:'s dark dungeons, and
1891:
1806:
1520:Hans Urs von Balthasar
1470:
1429:
1348:Death and Resurrection
1283:in the church and the
1239:
1193:
1174:
1085:A Treatise on the Soul
1054:
1011:Hans Urs von Balthasar
939:
929:Christ's Descent into
908:
847:
829:
686:Acts of Peter and Paul
633:
627:
587:
424:Descent from the Cross
336:Second coming prophecy
108:
81:
61:
55:illuminated manuscript
46:
4793:Christian terminology
4783:Life of Christ in art
4429:Life of Christ Museum
4424:Life of Christ in art
2661:on September 29, 2017
2521:Cook, Joseph (1883).
2451:Ross, Leslie (1996).
2093:", in which a Jewish
2070:
2006:The Lord of the Rings
1959:Auchinleck manuscript
1879:
1562:Book of Common Prayer
1446:Roman Catholic Church
1404:
1336:Resurrection of Jesus
1221:
1180:
1165:
1144::53) walked about in
1105:, 2:43), and, later,
1069:(died c. 180) in his
1041:
927:
641:is alluded to in the
230:Finding in the Temple
203:Adoration of the Magi
87:
67:
41:The Harrowing of Hell
39:
4245:Sayings on the cross
4203:Entry into Jerusalem
3744:Nicolaus von Amsdorf
3096:. pp. 926–927.
2983:on February 13, 2016
2927:D&C 138:29–30,32
2799:. ChurchMilitant.TV.
2582:The Episcopal Church
2197:Lost body hypothesis
2015:Of Beren and Lúthien
2011:Identified instances
1889:Ferapontov Monastery
1842:improve this article
1747:Christopher Carlisle
1652:baptism for the dead
1432:There is an ancient
1190:Solovetsky Monastery
1013:sees parallels with
830:descendit ad inferos
797:lake of eternal fire
793:"the outer darkness"
778:Second Temple period
634:descendit ad inferos
600:Crucifixion of Jesus
4808:Hell (Christianity)
4788:Christian mythology
4734:Race and appearance
4672:(traditional uncle)
4578:Jesus the Splendour
4220:Agony in the Garden
4135:Sermon on the Mount
3442:Gospel of Nicodemus
3136:. pp. 367–369.
3010:The Washington Post
2578:"Harrowing of Hell"
2221:"those below", not
2192:Christian mythology
2074:, by a follower of
2025:'s freeing of King
1689:Christian mortalism
1153:Gospel of Nicodemus
938:and studio, c. 1470
868:Classical mythology
678:Gospel of Nicodemus
661:liturgical calendar
363:Agony in the Garden
265:Sermon on the Mount
59:John, Duke of Berry
4719:Rejection of Jesus
4396:Christ myth theory
4213:Farewell Discourse
3978:Formula of Concord
3859:Philip Melanchthon
3837:Victorinus Strigel
3787:Victorinus Strigel
3777:Philip Melanchthon
3716:Victorinus Strigel
3701:Philip Melanchthon
3696:Francesco Stancaro
3651:Philip Melanchthon
3055:Raised with Christ
3029:The Christian Post
2713:on March 20, 2010.
2616:. Ignatius Press.
2079:
2013:include the tale "
1892:
1881:Harrowing of Hades
1703:intermediate state
1673:Raised with Christ
1542:Formula of Concord
1524:Adrienne von Speyr
1430:
1240:
1224:Harrowing of Hades
1194:
1175:
1136:, the veil in the
1055:
949::40: "For just as
940:
576:Christian theology
356:Paraclete promised
351:Farewell Discourse
225:Return to Nazareth
109:
82:
62:
4778:Harrowing of Hell
4765:
4764:
4687:Language of Jesus
4634:Brothers of Jesus
4506:Session of Christ
4382:Mara bar Serapion
4183:Great Commandment
4078:Flight into Egypt
3985:
3984:
3969:
3968:
3884:Maximilian Mörlin
3869:Albert Hardenberg
3782:Johann Pfeffinger
3626:Descent into Hell
3618:Descent into Hell
3587:Johannes Agricola
3455:Harrowing of Hell
3374:on March 21, 2009
3338:"Christ in Limbo"
3214:Auchinleck.nls.uk
2901:Reformed Theology
2822:978-1-118-97330-1
2729:www.newadvent.org
2623:978-1-68149-348-0
2536:Most, William G.
2464:978-0-313-29329-0
2404:978-0-7487-2188-7
2377:July 9, 2012, at
2315:978-0-300-18609-3
2279:www.newadvent.org
2151:eponymous episode
2083:Isaac Leib Peretz
1907:Harrowing of Hell
1874:
1873:
1866:
1729:and therefore to
1355:). He is holding
1353:Paschal troparion
1297:liturgical colors
1125:, as recorded by
1043:Descent into Hell
999:prison, ..."
708:Ælfric of Eynsham
580:Harrowing of Hell
572:
571:
436:Harrowing of Hell
208:Flight into Egypt
135:
134:
132:canonical gospels
130:according to the
4820:
4755:
4754:
4630:(alleged father)
4484:Person of Christ
4357:Historical Jesus
4188:Olivet Discourse
4116:Great Commission
4012:
4005:
3998:
3989:
3988:
3909:Gnesio-Lutherans
3889:Johannes Saliger
3874:Joachim Westphal
3848:Crypto-Calvinist
3827:Matthias Flacius
3802:Gnesio-Lutherans
3792:Matthias Flacius
3759:Gnesio-Lutherans
3711:Andreas Musculus
3706:Matthias Flacius
3686:Andreas Osiander
3666:Gnesio-Lutherans
3656:Matthias Flacius
3631:Johannes Aepinus
3602:Matthias Flacius
3554:
3536:
3535:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3495:
3494:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3370:. Archived from
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3254:
3248:
3244:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3206:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3064:
3058:
3053:Adrian Warnock,
3051:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3020:
3014:
2994:
2985:
2984:
2969:
2963:
2950:
2944:
2935:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2910:
2904:
2897:
2891:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2859:on March 4, 2021
2855:. Archived from
2845:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2806:
2800:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2754:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2657:. Archived from
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2574:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2533:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2509:
2495:
2489:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2448:
2442:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2388:
2382:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2271:
2250:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2228:
2226:
2220:
2213:
2133:Hieronymus Bosch
2085:'s short story "
2076:Hieronymus Bosch
2048:(1997), a young
2000:The Silmarillion
1995:J. R. R. Tolkien
1869:
1862:
1858:
1855:
1849:
1826:
1818:
1809:
1794:Christadelphians
1489:
1488:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1226:, fresco in the
1127:John of Damascus
1067:Melito of Sardis
1051:Michael Burghers
962:
911:
905:
902:
890:
850:
844:
838:
837:
832:
822:
816:
815:
733:
724:As a subject in
716:
713:
699:Christ and Satan
636:
630:
623:Athanasian Creed
564:
557:
550:
536:
528:
506:Road to Damascus
478:Great Commission
331:Temple cleansing
144:
129:
128:
111:
110:
106:
103:
80:
77:
57:commissioned by
51:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4743:
4675:
4594:
4526:In other faiths
4520:
4443:
4439:Transfiguration
4400:
4343:
4273:
4173:Transfiguration
4047:
4039:
4021:
4016:
3986:
3981:
3970:
3944:Girolamo Zanchi
3899:Sacramentarians
3879:Martin Chemnitz
3850:
3749:Nicolaus Gallus
3581:
3549:
3529:
3522:
3462:Wayback Machine
3437:
3392:
3387:
3377:
3375:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3351:
3349:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3326:
3322:
3312:
3310:
3295:
3291:
3284:
3270:
3266:
3255:
3251:
3237:
3233:
3223:
3221:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3198:Revelation 1:18
3196:
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3169:
3159:
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3141:
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3111:
3104:
3090:
3086:
3079:
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3021:
3017:
3005:Wayback Machine
2996:Daniel Burke, '
2995:
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2966:
2951:
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2932:
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2888:Wayback Machine
2876:
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2860:
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2807:
2803:
2797:Wayback Machine
2790:"Massa Damnata"
2788:
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2259:
2254:
2253:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2182:
2146:
2137:Christ in Limbo
2128:
2103:
2072:Christ in Limbo
2042:Stephen Lawhead
1991:
1948:virtuous pagans
1930:
1925:
1897:
1870:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1839:
1827:
1816:
1802:egenomen nekros
1786:non-Trinitarian
1759:E. W. Bullinger
1751:Walter Deloenus
1739:William Tyndale
1691:
1660:
1644:Joseph F. Smith
1609:
1601:Main articles:
1599:
1571:
1557:
1532:
1496:Roman Catechism
1492:Abraham's bosom
1399:
1313:
1243:John Chrysostom
1216:
1211:
1188:(17th century,
1049:, engraving by
1036:
960:
936:Andrea Mantegna
922:
903:
805:
758:
752:
714:
619:Apostles' Creed
568:
516:
515:
501:
497:In rest of the
490:
489:
467:Noli me tangere
451:
441:
440:
405:Crown of Thorns
380:Sanhedrin trial
321:
311:
310:
306:Transfiguration
245:
235:
234:
171:Joseph's dreams
154:
127:
126:
104:
78:
53:, 14th-century
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4826:
4816:
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4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4699:
4697:Mary Magdalene
4689:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4667:
4662:
4659:
4653:
4647:
4641:
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4631:
4625:
4620:
4619:(legal father)
4614:
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4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4317:Gospel harmony
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4283:
4281:
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4081:
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4054:
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4040:
4038:
4037:
4035:List of topics
4032:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4015:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3992:
3983:
3982:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3963:Georg Calixtus
3959:
3957:
3952:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3939:Johann Marbach
3936:
3934:Predestination
3930:
3927:
3926:Predestination
3924:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3855:
3852:
3851:and Saligerian
3845:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3823:
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3811:
3804:
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3506:
3498:
3492:
3491:
3486:
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3476:
3468:
3452:
3446:
3436:
3435:External links
3433:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
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3386:
3385:
3359:
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3190:
3167:
3157:
3139:
3124:
3121:. p. 151.
3109:
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3046:
3015:
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2964:
2945:
2930:
2919:
2905:
2892:
2870:
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2801:
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2698:
2672:
2651:"Christolytes"
2641:
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2566:
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2528:
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2142:
2141:
2140:
2131:A follower of
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2102:
2099:
1990:
1987:
1982:Ovide Moralisé
1955:Middle English
1953:An incomplete
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1896:
1893:
1872:
1871:
1830:
1828:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1798:
1797:
1782:
1773:advocates of "
1690:
1687:
1659:
1656:
1598:
1595:
1570:
1567:
1556:
1553:
1531:
1528:
1504:Thomas Aquinas
1502:For instance,
1484:); in Hebrew,
1418:Queen of Sheba
1398:
1395:
1340:Acts of Pilate
1329:Paschal season
1312:
1309:
1277:Byzantine Rite
1247:Paschal Homily
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1171:Albrecht Dürer
1102:Against Celsus
1071:Homily on the
1053:(1647/48–1727)
1035:
1032:
1007:
1006:
1000:
989:
983:
977:
970:
964:
954:
921:
918:
804:
801:
785:Final Judgment
754:Main article:
751:
748:
715: 1000 AD
682:Acts of Pilate
628:Quicumque vult
570:
569:
567:
566:
559:
552:
544:
541:
540:
518:
517:
514:
513:
508:
502:
496:
495:
492:
491:
488:
487:
482:
481:
480:
475:
473:Road to Emmaus
470:
458:
452:
447:
446:
443:
442:
439:
438:
433:
428:
427:
426:
416:
415:
414:
407:
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395:Pilate's court
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122:
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118:
71:Vaux Passional
48:Petites Heures
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4825:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
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4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4758:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4729:Mental health
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
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4690:
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4684:
4682:
4678:
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4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
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4597:
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4588:
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4579:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4550:
4549:In the Talmud
4547:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4516:Cosmic Christ
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4501:Second Coming
4499:
4497:
4494:
4490:
4489:Pre-existence
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4468:
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4460:
4459:
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4409:
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4380:
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4300:
4298:
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4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4279:New Testament
4276:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4258:
4255:
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4243:
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4157:
4156:Lord's Prayer
4154:
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4152:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4136:
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4114:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4107:
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4102:
4099:
4097:
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4092:
4091:Unknown years
4089:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4073:Date of birth
4071:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4064:
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4008:
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3993:
3990:
3979:
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3956:
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3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3904:Ubiquitarians
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3832:Simon Musaeus
3830:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3814:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
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3774:
3764:
3760:
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3740:
3739:Justus Menius
3737:
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3664:
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3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3643:
3642:Adiaphoristic
3636:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3613:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3592:Andreas Poach
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3559:
3552:
3546:
3541:
3537:
3532:
3528:controversies
3527:
3519:
3514:
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3507:
3505:
3500:
3499:
3496:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3466:Chester Cycle
3463:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3429:
3426:
3422:
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3343:
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3333:
3324:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3285:
3283:0-8156-2825-0
3279:
3275:
3268:
3260:
3253:
3247:
3242:
3235:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3199:
3194:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3160:
3158:90-04-03987-2
3154:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3120:
3113:
3105:
3103:0-8028-8161-0
3099:
3095:
3088:
3080:
3078:0-674-12875-3
3074:
3070:
3063:
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3050:
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3011:
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2702:
2686:
2682:
2676:
2665:September 29,
2660:
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2508:
2507:9780664223946
2504:
2500:
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2487:9780865543737
2484:
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2440:
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2400:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2380:
2379:archive.today
2376:
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2368:
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2333:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2307:
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2158:
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2129:
2120:
2119:Gesù al Limbo
2116:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2098:
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4590:Master Jesus
4568:Baháʼí Faith
4462:Christianity
4449:Christianity
4419:Christ Child
4414:Bibliography
4264:Resurrection
4178:Homelessness
4087:(apocryphal)
4068:Virgin birth
4058:Annunciation
4050:Jesus's life
3955:Syncretistic
3913:
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3691:Johann Funck
3625:
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3390:Bibliography
3376:. Retrieved
3372:the original
3362:
3350:. Retrieved
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3323:
3311:. Retrieved
3302:
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3222:. Retrieved
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3049:
3037:. Retrieved
3028:
3018:
3008:
2981:the original
2976:
2967:
2961:1 Peter 3:21
2948:
2933:
2922:
2916:138:12,15–16
2908:
2900:
2895:
2878:
2873:
2861:. Retrieved
2857:the original
2853:reformed.org
2852:
2843:
2831:. Retrieved
2811:
2804:
2785:
2773:. Retrieved
2764:First Things
2762:
2737:. Retrieved
2728:
2719:
2711:the original
2701:
2689:. Retrieved
2683:. Holy See.
2675:
2663:. Retrieved
2659:the original
2654:
2644:
2632:. Retrieved
2612:
2590:. Retrieved
2581:
2558:
2546:. Retrieved
2531:
2522:
2498:
2493:
2478:
2473:
2453:
2446:
2439:0-66422721-X
2430:
2425:
2413:. Retrieved
2393:
2386:
2366:
2361:
2349:, retrieved
2339:
2332:
2305:
2299:
2287:. Retrieved
2278:
2241:
2232:
2211:
2165:Supernatural
2164:
2156:Inside No. 9
2154:
2136:
2118:
2080:
2071:
2061:
2045:
2039:
2004:
1998:
1992:
1980:
1973:
1963:
1952:
1937:
1931:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1898:
1880:
1860:
1854:January 2011
1851:
1840:Please help
1835:verification
1832:
1801:
1799:
1763:
1743:Martin Bucer
1701:view of the
1692:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1669:Wayne Grudem
1661:
1648:
1641:
1633:spirit world
1617:Joseph Smith
1610:
1589:
1583:
1579:
1572:
1560:
1558:
1546:
1539:
1533:
1517:
1513:original sin
1500:
1474:; in Greek,
1468:; in Latin,
1465:
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1452:
1450:
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1431:
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1372:
1333:
1314:
1259:
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1232:Chora Church
1228:parecclesion
1227:
1223:
1198:
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1182:Russian icon
1166:
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1131:
1123:Christolytes
1100:
1092:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1063:early church
1056:
1042:
1008:
986:Colossians 1
941:
928:
914:Adam and Eve
881:
857:
833:. The Greek
806:
782:
764:view of the
759:
723:
710:'s homilies
697:
671:
669:
650:
616:
604:resurrection
579:
573:
530:Christianity
521:
465:
449:Resurrection
435:
411:Via Dolorosa
409:
400:Flagellation
220:Presentation
198:Circumcision
181:Virgin birth
159:Annunciation
105: 1430s
98:Fra Angelico
90:resurrection
69:
44:
40:
33:
4803:Christology
4665:Descendants
4623:Holy Family
4606:Genealogies
4573:Manichaeism
4479:Incarnation
4474:Christology
4467:1st century
4349:Historicity
4240:Crucifixion
4208:Last Supper
3894:Philippists
3797:Philippists
3769:Synergistic
3754:Philippists
3734:Georg Major
3661:Philippists
3607:Philippists
3545:Controversy
3305:(58): 6–9.
2942:1 Peter 4:6
2938:D&C 138
2903:. pp. 67–68
2833:January 16,
2009:(1954–55).
2003:(1977) and
1928:Middle Ages
1887:, from the
1807:fui mortuus
1755:John Milton
1574:John Calvin
1555:Anglicanism
1549:humiliation
1530:Lutheranism
1397:Catholicism
1317:iconography
1268:during the
1059:theologians
1009:Theologian
980:Ephesians 4
904: 1000
884:Old English
842:ta katôtata
836:τὰ κατώτατα
803:Terminology
690:Old English
657:Ephesians 4
461:Appearances
419:Crucifixion
346:Last Supper
88:Before his
79: 1504
4772:Categories
4511:Son of God
4406:Depictions
4144:Beatitudes
4101:Temptation
4045:Chronology
3726:Majoristic
3677:Osiandrian
3597:Anton Otto
3568:Antinomian
3551:Resolution
2977:Mormon.org
2953:Mark 16:16
2441:pp. 501–02
2324:1002687102
2281:. Vol. 7.
2257:References
2144:Television
2113:including
2050:Irish monk
2035:Wormtongue
1923:Literature
1814:In culture
1788:, such as
1777:" such as
1775:soul sleep
1771:Protestant
1727:Septuagint
1665:John Piper
1410:Methuselah
1257:(Easter).
1142:Matthew 27
1119:Epiphanius
1089:Hippolytus
1081:Tertullian
1024:Matthew 16
957:Matthew 27
947:Matthew 12
853:underworld
823:), and in
750:Background
456:Empty tomb
431:Entombment
274:Beatitudes
255:Temptation
164:Visitation
152:Early life
4739:Sexuality
4724:Criticism
4709:Christmas
4585:Mandaeism
4561:Ahmadiyya
4269:Ascension
4193:Anointing
4128:Disciples
4111:Selecting
3352:March 17,
3246:et passim
2634:March 15,
2433:, Vol. 1
2415:March 14,
2351:March 15,
2340:Catechism
2111:oratorios
2062:(Helreið)
2046:Byzantium
2044:'s novel
1975:Sir Orfeo
1885:Dionisius
1790:Socinians
1711:Acts 2:31
1707:Acts 2:27
1699:mortalist
1679:Augustine
1569:Calvinism
1509:Purgatory
1459:Hebrews 2
1285:vestments
1214:Orthodoxy
1173:, c. 1510
1146:Jerusalem
1047:Hellmouth
1003:1 Peter 4
992:1 Peter 3
920:Scripture
770:righteous
766:afterlife
740:Byzantine
731:Anastasis
647:1 Peter 4
612:salvation
522:Portals:
485:Ascension
341:Anointing
301:Rejection
94:salvation
4757:Category
4628:Panthera
4613:(mother)
4372:Josephus
4225:Betrayal
4168:Miracles
4163:Parables
4123:Ministry
4106:Apostles
4063:Nativity
3526:Lutheran
3458:Archived
3346:Archived
3313:March 5,
3307:Archived
3218:Archived
3185:43138946
3033:Archived
3001:Archived
2957:John 3:5
2884:Archived
2863:July 28,
2827:Archived
2793:Archived
2769:Archived
2739:July 28,
2733:Archived
2691:July 28,
2685:Archived
2628:Archived
2586:Archived
2548:March 7,
2542:Archived
2409:Archived
2375:Archived
2345:archived
2283:Archived
2224:infernos
2180:See also
2135:depicts
1985:(1340).
1769:To most
1586:Reformed
1416:and the
1365:original
1281:hangings
1270:Vesperal
1236:Istanbul
1203:Tartarus
1134:darkness
1115:Irenaeus
1073:Passover
893:homilies
704:Cynewulf
621:and the
610:brought
602:and his
291:Parables
286:Miracles
243:Ministry
176:Nativity
4680:Related
4650:Joachim
4544:Judaism
4534:Jesuism
4434:Statues
4387:Gospels
4377:Tacitus
4367:Sources
4292:Matthew
4287:Gospels
4198:Passion
4151:Prayers
4096:Baptism
4085:Infancy
4030:Outline
3951:1640-86
3923:1561–63
3844:1560–75
3819:Flacian
3816:1560–75
3766:1555–60
3723:1551–62
3673:1549–66
3638:1548–55
3615:1533–53
3564:1527–56
3553:
3464:in the
3378:May 11,
3303:Mallorn
3039:May 11,
2913:D&C
2775:May 24,
2592:May 11,
2337:"631",
2289:May 11,
2218:inferos
2173:Castiel
2115:Salieri
2108:baroque
2091:Gehenna
2054:Vikings
2027:Théoden
2023:Gandalf
1970:romance
1939:Inferno
1733:in the
1725:in the
1717:use of
1629:Gehenna
1621:Mormons
1444:in the
1414:Solomon
1389:or the
1379:Abraham
1374:energia
1301:censing
1260:In the
1230:of the
1157:Lazarus
1111:Marcion
1107:Ambrose
1061:of the
1045:, with
909:inferos
897:Aelfric
888:hergian
848:inferos
795:, or a
789:Gehenna
385:Mocking
319:Passion
250:Baptism
4714:Easter
4670:Clopas
4617:Joseph
4599:Family
4496:Relics
4457:Christ
4252:Burial
4230:Arrest
3524:Early
3280:
3183:
3155:
3100:
3075:
2819:
2620:
2505:
2485:
2461:
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2322:
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2170:seraph
2168:, the
2095:hazzan
2087:Neilah
2019:Sauron
1989:Modern
1944:Virgil
1697:. The
1434:homily
1420:, and
1305:laurel
1293:Gospel
1289:Lenten
1255:Pascha
1117:, and
1097:Origen
1015:Mark 3
967:Acts 2
702:) and
696:(e.g.
694:Cædmon
655:notes
608:Christ
578:, the
373:Arrest
296:Prayer
117:in the
115:Events
4556:Islam
4235:Trial
4139:Plain
4019:Jesus
3007:' in
2371:53–54
2203:Notes
2101:Music
2031:Rohan
1966:Orfeo
1934:Dante
1895:Drama
1731:Sheol
1723:Hades
1625:Sheol
1590:prior
1482:Hades
1391:devil
1387:Death
1383:David
1186:Hades
1065:: St
1028:Peter
1019:Satan
974:David
951:Jonah
931:Limbo
876:Pluto
872:Hades
864:Limbo
860:Sheol
825:Latin
809:Greek
774:Sheol
736:Greek
596:Hades
594:" or
584:Latin
538:Bible
269:Plain
4656:Heli
4644:Anne
4611:Mary
4307:John
4302:Luke
4297:Mark
4257:Tomb
3540:Date
3380:2023
3354:2016
3315:2024
3278:ISBN
3226:2013
3181:OCLC
3153:ISBN
3098:ISBN
3073:ISBN
3041:2023
2865:2020
2835:2023
2817:ISBN
2777:2020
2741:2020
2693:2020
2667:2017
2636:2023
2618:ISBN
2594:2023
2550:2013
2503:ISBN
2483:ISBN
2459:ISBN
2435:ISBN
2417:2018
2399:ISBN
2353:2020
2320:OCLC
2310:ISBN
2291:2023
1792:and
1749:and
1741:and
1719:Hell
1709:and
1627:and
1605:and
1584:The
1540:The
1487:שאול
1477:ᾍδης
1451:The
1424:and
1422:Adam
1359:and
1357:Adam
1344:Tomb
1323:for
1321:icon
1311:Icon
996:sins
807:The
760:The
744:West
592:Hell
4048:of
3854:VII
3681:III
2563:OED
2162:In
2126:Art
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2089:in
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1972:of
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