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are a specialised kind of disc harrows that can stand in for a plough in rough country where a mouldboard plough cannot handle tree-stumps and rocks, and a disc-plough is too slow (because of its limited number of discs). Giant scalloped-edged discs operate in a set, or frame, that is often weighted
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Tine harrows are used to refine seed-bed condition before planting, to remove small weeds in growing crops and to loosen the inter-row soils to allow for water to soak into the subsoil. The fourth is a chain disk harrow. Disk attached to chains are pulled at an angle over the ground. These harrows
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In modern mechanized farming, generally a farmer will use two harrows, one after the other. The disk harrow is used first to slice up the large clods left by the mould-board plough, followed by the spring-tooth harrow. To save time and fuel they may be pulled by one tractor; the disk hitched to the
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Harrows may be of several types and weights, depending on their purpose. They almost always consist of a rigid frame that holds discs, teeth, linked chains, or other means of moving soil—but tine and chain harrows are often only supported by a rigid towing-bar at the front of the set.
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move rapidly across the surface. The chain and disk rotate to stay clean while breaking up the top surface to about 1 inch (3 cm) deep. A smooth seedbed is prepared for planting with one pass.
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with concrete or steel blocks to improve penetration of the cutting edges. This sort of cultivation is usually followed by broadcast fertilisation and seeding, rather than drilled or row seeding.
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A rotary power harrow, or simply power harrow, has multiple sets of vertical tines. Each set of tines is rotated on a vertical axis and tills the soil horizontally. The result is that, unlike a
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All four harrow types can be used in one pass to prepare soil for seeding. It is also common to use any combination of two harrows for a variety of
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in that they disturb the whole surface of the soil, while a cultivator instead disturbs only narrow tracks between the crop rows to kill weeds.
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tractor, and the spring-tooth hitched to, and directly behind, the disk. The result is a smooth field with powdery dirt at the surface.
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processes. Where harrowing provides a very fine tilth, or the soil is very light so that it might easily be wind-blown, a
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A modern development of the traditional harrow is the rotary power harrow, often just called a power harrow.
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Chain harrowing can be used on pasture land to spread out dung, and to break up dead material (
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30:"Harrowing" redirects here. For the Christian miracle narrative, see
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Spike harrow depicted on a 16th-century German coat-of-arms
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628:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 27–28.
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The harrow smooths the surface of the ploughed field.
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for breaking up and smoothing out the surface of the
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Harrowing with tractor and disk harrow in the 1940s)
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leaves distinct furrows (trenches) across the field.
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