118:
146:
Within the
Haroharo vent line there was a VEI-5 volcanic eruption about 6060 BCE producing about 17 km (4.1 cu mi) of eruptive material and one about 2000 years later that produced 13 km (3.1 cu mi) of material. With its linear parallel young vent alignment to those of
142:
vent line and also within the Åkataina
Caldera. There has been a large amount of dome infilling that refer to the Haroharo name, but the term Åkataina complex volcano is felt by many to be a better name than the Haroharo volcano to understand the processes that have happened in this portion of the
133:
and its boundaries in geological terms are related mainly to the
Matahina and Rotoiti sub-calderas which were formed in single eruption sequences. These boundaries relate to events that happened before about 45,000 years ago. It is therefore not regarded now as a caldera in its own right formed by
378:
121:
Okataina
Volcanic Centre (approximate thick white border) relationships to other nearby volcanic and tectonic structures. The Haroharo Caldera was contained within and extends from its north to south
397:
134:
one single event and there have been many attempts to rationalise the literature from a descriptor used since at least 1962. There have been multiple significant eruptions from the
59:
to the features assigned to it. However the name is used in the peer reviewed literature to summarise and group these features based on gravitational and magnetic features.
147:
the similarly young in geological terms, Tarawera volcano, and related magma sources, this means it is now usually regarded as a subsidiary volcanic part of the
416:"Geochemistry and magmatic properties of eruption episodes from Haroharo linear vent zone, Okataina Volcanic Centre, New Zealand during the last 10 kyr"
180:
89:. A recent analysis is consistent with the south western structural boundary of the older single event caldera's being in the eastern portions of
343:
Scott, B.J. (1986). Gregory, J.G.; Watters, W.A. (eds.). "Volcanic hazards assessment in New
Zealand: Monitoring at Okataina Volcanic Centre".
215:"Storage, evolution, and mixing in basaltic eruptions from around the Okataina Volcanic Centre, TaupÅ Volcanic Zone, Aotearoa New Zealand"
151:
which in the last 21,000 years has contributed a total magma eruptive volume greater than about 80 km (19 cu mi).
379:"The Sedimentation and Drainage History of Haroharo Caldera and The Tarawera River System, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand"
317:
520:
106:
510:
505:
173:
HaroHaro pile ... are rhyolite lavas of the
Okataina Volcanic Centre, extruded on the floor of Haroharo Caldera
277:"The geology and geophysics of Lake Tarawera, New Zealand: Implications for sublacustrine geothermal activity"
239:
78:
530:
214:
101:
are adjacent, so many, especially older maps, had these features overlapping the
Haroharo Caldera or
525:
515:
28:
454:
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8:
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40:
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Hughes, Ery C.; Law, Sally; Kilgour, Geoff; Blundy, Jon D.; Mader, Heidy M. (2023).
117:
474:
427:
288:
234:
226:
102:
48:
43:. Since 2010 further studies have tended to use the terms Haroharo vent alignment,
364:"Rift Architecture and Caldera Volcanism in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand"
56:
52:
16:
Postulated volcanic caldera, within another older volcanic caldera in New
Zealand
363:
139:
98:
86:
455:"Caldera volcanism and rift structure in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand"
431:
275:
Caratori
Tontini, F; de Ronde, CEJ; Black, J; Stucker, VK; Walker, SL (2023).
499:
414:
Smith, Victoria; Shane, Phil; Nairn, I.A.; Williams, Catherine (2006-07-01).
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90:
27:) is a 26 by 16 km (16.2 by 9.9 mi) postulated volcanic feature in
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32:
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44:
36:
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212:
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has been mapped as extending from the eastern half of
270:
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266:
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The following is recorded in the geology literature:
318:"Historical unrest at large calderas of the world"
316:Newhall, Christopher G.; Dzurisin, Daniel (1988).
263:
240:20.500.11820/9f5c151c-1f2e-47ed-a264-7649eacdf669
497:
315:
281:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
219:Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
377:Hodgson, K. A.; Nairn, I. A. (August 2004).
376:
208:
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105:as part of the Haroharo volcanic complex or
138:, that is parallel and to the north of the
452:
355:
292:
238:
203:
85:. Its southern extent was defined by the
407:
116:
465:(1). London: Geological Society: 9â29.
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187:with the author presuming that certain
498:
361:
342:
453:Cole, J. W.; Spinks, K. D. (2009).
13:
14:
542:
388:. Environment Bay of Plenty: 7.
294:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107731
231:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2022.107715
129:was within the older and larger
181:Geology of the Rotoroa District
386:Operations Publication 2004/03
370:
309:
163:
1:
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68:
39:within the larger and older
7:
345:New Zealand Geol. Surv. Rec
10:
547:
112:
61:
432:10.1007/s00445-006-0056-7
99:Tarawera Volcanic Complex
81:to the western border of
25:Haroharo volcanic complex
521:Okataina Volcanic Centre
362:Spinks, Karl D. (2005).
157:
107:Åkataina volcanic centre
511:Calderas of New Zealand
420:Bulletin of Volcanology
328:: 1108. Archived from
191:came from this source.
186:
143:TaupÅ Volcanic Zone.
122:
170:
120:
459:Special Publications
506:TaupÅ Volcanic Zone
471:2009GSLSP.327....9C
29:TaupÅ Volcanic Zone
136:Haroharo vent line
123:
531:Holocene calderas
95:Okareka Embayment
73:In the north the
55:and a postulated
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491:
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450:
444:
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411:
405:
404:
402:
396:. Archived from
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149:Åkataina Caldera
131:Åkataina Caldera
127:Haroharo Caldera
103:Okataina caldera
87:Tarawera volcano
75:Haroharo Caldera
64:Åkataina Caldera
49:Matahina Caldera
41:Åkataina Caldera
21:Haroharo Caldera
546:
545:
541:
540:
539:
537:
536:
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526:VEI-5 volcanoes
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479:10.1144/SP327.2
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57:Kawerau Caldera
53:Rotoiti Caldera
17:
12:
11:
5:
544:
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516:Rift volcanoes
513:
508:
493:
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403:on 2010-05-22.
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140:Mount Tarawera
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62:Main article:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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332:on 2009-05-12
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322:USGS Bulletin
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91:Lake Tarawera
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426:(1): 57â88.
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398:the original
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334:. Retrieved
330:the original
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183:1962, p54-55
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79:Lake Rotoiti
74:
72:
33:North Island
24:
20:
18:
189:ignimbrites
93:. Both the
83:Lake Rotoma
45:Utu Caldera
37:New Zealand
500:Categories
336:2022-05-15
225:(107715).
198:References
179:J. Healy,
487:131562598
440:129365367
394:1176-5550
303:0377-0273
257:253783414
249:0377-0273
69:Geography
351:: 49â54.
177:â
97:and the
467:Bibcode
341:Citing
113:Geology
31:of the
485:
438:
392:
301:
255:
247:
483:S2CID
436:S2CID
401:(PDF)
382:(PDF)
253:S2CID
158:Notes
390:ISSN
326:1855
299:ISSN
245:ISSN
125:The
19:The
475:doi
463:327
428:doi
289:doi
285:433
235:hdl
227:doi
223:434
109:.
502::
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424:69
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349:10
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265:^
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205:^
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23:(
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