44:
62:
305:
are easily overlooked. The fruits are short, flat pods about 6 cm long with a single seed attached at the end. The timber obtained from the tree is the hardest and heaviest (among timbers from the trees found in India), is durable and termite resistant. The leaves are shed in April and the new leaves emerge in early May. The flowering season is during August–September, the fruits appear after the flowering season and continue to remain till May.
918:
313:
It is a characteristic tree of the dry deciduous forests and can grow on shallow, gravelly soils. In India, it is found in the western
Himalayas up to an elevation of 1500 m and dry open forests of Central and South India. In southern India, it is particularly found in Kadapa, Nellore and Ceded
304:
is a moderate-sized to large tree with drooping branches. The bark of the tree is greyish-brown in colour, rough with deep cracks and it darkens with age. The compound leaves have only two leaflets which are joined at the base. The tiny, white/greenish-yellow coloured flowers are inconspicuous and
856:
410:. Hardwickia (Anajan in Sanskrit, Aacha in Tamil/Malayalam) is also mentioned in Sundara Kaandam of Valmiki Ramyana/Kamba Ramayana as one of the trees in Asokavanam where Sitadevi was kept in captivity under a Simpsupa (
857:
http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:U3Xv-_ZGI98J:scholar.google.com/+On+Elephants+in+Manasollasa%E2%80%931.+Characteristics,+Habitat,+Methods+of+Capturing+and+Training&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5
516:
883:
Smith, P. P.; Timberlake, J. R.; Van Wyk, A. E. (1998). "Proposal to conserve the name
Colophospermum against Hardwickia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae)".
352:
capacity for mercury and a modification of the bark is found to be useful for removal of most of the mercury from water under certain conditions.
1353:
1105:
540:
Plants of the Coast of
Coromandel; selected from drawings and descriptions, presented to the Hon. Court of Directors of the East India Company
1379:
1118:
760:
Deshkar, A.M.; Bokade, S.S.; Dara, S.S. (February 1990). "Modified
Hardwickia binata Bark for Adsorption of Mercury (II) From Water".
365:, combined with cubebs and sandal, is used for treating sexually transmitted diseases like leucorrhoea, chronic cystitis, gonorrhoea.
1301:
1053:
1497:
1314:
1066:
495:
486:
428:
of Africa, also monotypic in its genus, is believed to be its nearest relative, and
Breteler et al. (1997) proposed that genus
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574:
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1319:
1144:
477:
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61:
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1071:
827:
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1254:
387:
and coconut were used to capture elephants in ancient times, according to the encyclopedic work
1358:
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University Botany- Iii : (Plant
Taxonomy, Plant Embryology, Plant Physiology)
1212:
256:
99:
1405:
957:
841:
519:. The International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF). Archived from
392:
86:
358:
Resin exuding from the heartwood is used for dressing the sores of elephants.
285:, and which grows to height of 25-30 meters. This plant genus was named after
1466:
1366:
355:
Oleo-resin extracted from the heart wood is used in manufacture of varnishes
1436:
1162:
260:
155:
993:
1327:
1221:
1079:
966:
388:
1306:
1058:
904:
682:
Southern India: Its
History, People, Commerce, and Industrial Resources
349:
282:
1332:
1084:
1275:
1027:
440:, and LĂ©onard (1999) considered the presented evidence unconvincing.
345:
165:
928:
896:
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951:
373:
330:
264:
145:
112:
1345:
1280:
1032:
1249:
1097:
135:
1267:
917:
436:. Smith et al. (1998) however argued for retention of the name
362:
338:
334:
125:
1019:
406:
the elephants are fond of the bark and sweet smelling oil of
369:
278:
73:
329:
is used for making agricultural equipment like cart wheels,
314:
districts and in the valleys of
Cauvery and Bhavani rivers
344:
The leaves, succulent stems and twigs serve as fodder for
736:
Forests for Socio-economic and Rural
Development in India
868:
Asher, R. E.; Subramoniam, Vadasery Iyemperumal (1971).
372:(not the oleo-resin) derived from the tree is used as a
882:
806:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 302.
378:
611:(14 ed.). Krishna Prakashan Media. p. 419.
543:. Vol. 3. London: W. Bulmer and Co. p. 6.
803:Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary
759:
1464:
867:
322:The bark of the tree is used for making ropes.
631:. Indus Publishing. pp. 23, 55, 63, 105.
620:
618:
795:
793:
791:
739:. M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 137.
685:. Asian Educational Services. p. 721.
615:
526:Note: Archive not available until mid-2013.
308:
732:
628:Biodiversity and Its Conservation in India
398:Sangam poets have mentioned and described
42:
788:
600:
598:
596:
517:"Hardwickia binata - Species Information"
828:"Forestry :: Minor Forest Products"
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
556:
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550:
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572:
496:United States Department of Agriculture
487:Germplasm Resources Information Network
395:, who ruled in the twelfth century AD.
14:
1465:
678:
651:
604:
593:
933:
932:
876:
799:
712:. New Age International. p. 70.
705:
547:
624:
579:. Penguin Books India. p. 188.
450:
379:Cultural and religious significance
24:
25:
1509:
416:) Tree by the demon king Ravana.
1424:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:497364-1
916:
242:Graham (1831), not validly publ.
60:
1150:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:22557-1
861:
850:
834:
820:
753:
726:
699:
348:. Bark is found to have a good
1498:Taxa named by William Roxburgh
672:
645:
530:
509:
470:
296:
13:
1:
576:Trees of Delhi: A Field Guide
492:Agricultural Research Service
467:. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
443:
782:10.1016/0043-1354(90)90123-n
277:, a tree which is native to
7:
733:Singh Negi, Sharad (1996).
625:Negi, Sharad Singh (1993).
419:
10:
1514:
537:Roxburgh, William (1819).
464:Plants of the World Online
267:. The only species is the
1478:Monotypic Fabaceae genera
1196:
941:
658:. Library of Alexandria.
325:The timber obtained from
236:
229:
211:
204:
57:Scientific classification
55:
50:
41:
34:
1493:Plants described in 1819
573:Krishen, Pradip (2006).
432:be sunk under the genus
309:Distribution and habitat
255:is a monotypic genus of
239:Hardwickia trapeziformis
51:Leaves of an anjan tree
1483:Flora of India (region)
679:Wright, Arnold (1914).
317:
652:Hooker, J. D. (1987).
605:Saxena, N.P. (2010).
402:as yaa. According to
925:at Wikimedia Commons
800:Khare, C.P. (2008).
706:Reddy, S.M. (2007).
1488:Flora of Bangladesh
774:1990WatRe..24.1011D
655:Himalayan Journals
1460:
1459:
1393:Open Tree of Life
1228:Hardwickia binata
1198:Hardwickia binata
1132:Open Tree of Life
935:Taxon identifiers
921:Media related to
843:Travancore Plants
480:Hardwickia binata
458:Hardwickia binata
413:Amherstia nobilis
404:Sangam Literature
327:Hardwickia binata
302:Hardwickia binata
274:Hardwickia binata
259:in the subfamily
248:
247:
215:Hardwickia binata
186:
18:Hardwickia binata
16:(Redirected from
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768:(8): 1011–1016.
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291:William Roxburgh
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257:flowering plant
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1450:wfo-0000203549
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1186:wfo-4000016915
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978:
963:
947:
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927:
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911:
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891:(3): 751–752.
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860:
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819:
812:
787:
762:Water Research
752:
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698:
691:
671:
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614:
592:
585:
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529:
523:on 2012-09-27.
508:
469:
448:
447:
445:
442:
438:Colophospermum
430:Colophospermum
421:
418:
393:Someshvara III
383:Ropes made of
380:
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319:
316:
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307:
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197:H. binata
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870:"Proceedings"
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813:9780387706375
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746:9788185880990
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729:
721:
719:9788122415476
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694:
692:9788120613447
688:
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665:9781465535627
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638:9788185182889
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586:9780144000708
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206:Binomial name
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87:Tracheophytes
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75:
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69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1473:Detarioideae
1197:
942:
888:
884:
878:
863:
852:
842:
836:
822:
802:
765:
761:
755:
735:
728:
708:
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681:
674:
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521:the original
511:
499:. Retrieved
485:
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411:
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384:
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367:
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324:
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273:
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261:Detarioideae
251:
250:
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238:
237:
214:
212:
196:
195:
176:
175:
156:Detarioideae
119:
106:
93:
80:
35:
29:
1328:iNaturalist
1222:Wikispecies
1080:iNaturalist
967:Wikispecies
426:mopane tree
389:Manasollasa
297:Description
152:Subfamily:
100:Angiosperms
1467:Categories
1406:Plant List
973:Hardwickia
943:Hardwickia
923:Hardwickia
501:12 January
444:References
434:Hardwickia
408:Hardwickia
400:Hardwickia
385:Hardwickia
350:adsorption
283:Bangladesh
252:Hardwickia
177:Hardwickia
36:Hardwickia
1411:ild-49881
1294:250063499
1213:Q13115295
346:livestock
331:oil mills
191:Species:
166:Detarieae
70:Kingdom:
1437:13047717
1432:Tropicos
1372:62026178
1359:10578932
1346:497364-1
1207:Wikidata
1163:40021156
1158:Tropicos
991:BioLib:
958:Q2890161
952:Wikidata
420:Taxonomy
374:diuretic
231:Synonyms
146:Fabaceae
142:Family:
113:Eudicots
1307:5350021
1250:Ecocrop
1173:4187811
1111:1094504
1098:22557-1
1059:2946903
905:1223605
846:. 1914.
770:Bibcode
339:ploughs
335:pestles
265:legumes
263:of the
172:Genus:
162:Tribe:
136:Fabales
132:Order:
74:Plantae
1385:213785
1333:431089
1268:661431
1170:uBio:
1137:261049
1124:213784
1085:431090
1046:114659
994:108478
984:191220
981:APDB:
903:
810:
743:
716:
689:
662:
635:
583:
363:balsam
224:(1819)
185:(1811)
126:Rosids
1398:43631
1354:IRMNG
1320:18249
1281:HDWBI
1242:3JQPG
1106:IRMNG
1033:1HDWG
1020:53679
901:JSTOR
885:Taxon
460:Roxb.
370:resin
279:India
269:anjan
222:Roxb.
183:Roxb.
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
81:Clade
1419:POWO
1380:NCBI
1367:IUCN
1341:IPNI
1315:GRIN
1302:GBIF
1276:EPPO
1255:6621
1145:POWO
1119:NCBI
1093:IPNI
1072:5393
1067:GRIN
1054:GBIF
1028:EPPO
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