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403:, and her house was conceived to be a conspicuous statement of her wealth and power. The windows are exceptionally large and numerous at a time when glass was a luxury, leading to the saying, "Hardwick Hall, more glass than wall." The Hall's chimneys are built into the internal walls of the structure, in order to give more scope for huge windows without weakening the exterior walls.
1018:
584:, an Airborne Forces Depot was formed at Hardwick from the units left behind. It started as an unofficial establishment but was created as a properly organized unit, training and holding recruits before they went to the Parachute Training School, as well as rehabilitating the temporary unfit from injuries. The
702:
on behalf of the
National Trust and is also open to the public. Many of the Old Hall's major rooms were decorated with ambitious schemes of plasterwork, notably above the fireplaces. Remarkably, impressive fragments of these are still to be seen (protected by preservative coatings and rain-shields),
549:
at
Hardwick. Army Northern Command leased 53 acres of the estate to establish a camp of red-brick huts with training areas. It included a gymnasium, a cookhouse, cinema and medical facility. Hardwick Camp then became the new nucleus for parachute training and physical selection for airborne forces.
473:, for a plan, "any rowgh drawght of Hardwick". Hardwick was but one of Bess's many houses. Each of her four marriages had brought her greater wealth. She was born in her father's manor house on the site of the later, now old Hall at Hardwick, which today is a ruin beside the 'new' hall.
504:
died at the Hall in
December 1679. For the previous four or five years, Hobbes had lived at Chatsworth. Hobbes had been a friend of the family since 1608 when he first tutored William Cavendish. After his death, many of Hobbes' manuscripts were found at Chatsworth House.
626:
When the
British Army left their battle school and village after the war, it was turned into a Polish resettlement camp for allied soldiers. Here Polish veterans, and later Hungarian refugees, were homed until they managed to find a more permanent place to stay.
698:, a vegetable and herb garden, and an orchard. The extensive grounds also contain Hardwick Old Hall, a slightly earlier house which was used as guest and service accommodation after the new hall was built. The Old Hall is now a ruin. It is administered by
675:, mostly dating from the late 16th century, many of which are listed in the 1601 inventory. Some of the needlework on display in the house incorporates Bess's monogram "ES", and may have been worked on by Bess herself. There is a large amount of fine
573:, assault courses and trapeze in-flight swing training structures. When pre-jump training was successfully completed, the recruits that passed out were required to speed-march approximately 50 miles (80 km) to join the parachute course at
654:
in 1959. The
Duchess remained in occupation of the house until her death in 1960. Having done much, personally, to conserve the textiles in the house as well as reinstating the traditional rush matting, she was to be its last occupant.
457:
were bought in 1599. John varnished and coloured the panelling of the great chamber. He gilded some details. John's paintwork supplemented and mended the cloth hangings, and he also painted cloth hangings in imitation of tapestry.
1408:
596:) as its first commanding officer. The depot was given an extended role and consisted of a depot company, a pre-parachute training company, a battle school, a holding company and an airfield detachment, which was stationed at
406:
The house's design also demonstrated new concepts not only in domestic architecture, but also of a more modern way in which life was led within a great house. Hardwick was one of the first
English houses where the
773:
In March 2012, a £6.5m restoration was completed; this included the addition of a large restaurant. In
December 2020, three years of additional restoration had been completed and further work was being planned.
414:
Each of the three main storeys has a higher ceiling than the one below, the ceiling height being indicative of the importance of the rooms' occupants: least noble at the bottom and grandest at the top.
966:
577:. A tethered barrage balloon was also installed on 1 November 1941 to provide refresher training for qualified parachutists and to supplement descents made from the jump tower.
683:
from the 16th and 17th centuries. A remarkable feature of the house is that much of the present furniture and other contents are listed in an inventory dating from 1601. The
116:
1496:
1466:
of plasterwork over fireplaces, from F. Simpson, A History of
Architectural Development, Vol. III. (London: Longmans, Green and Co., 1922) p. 267, fig. 221
634:, with the subsequent death duties (rated at 80%), caused the sale of many of the Devonshire assets and estates. At this time, Hardwick was occupied by
804:
1260:
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of 1876. Hardwick Hall was an ideal model for a building which was intended to merge historicism with the large expanses of glass that had become
493:, another of Bess's great houses, their principal seat. Hardwick thus was relegated to the role of an occasional retreat for hunting and sometime
2134:
750:. Innovative in its own time, it would serve, three centuries later, as a source of inspiration for the enormous Main Exhibition Building at the
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1579:
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319:. Hardwick Hall is one of the earliest examples of the English interpretation of this style, which came into fashion having slowly spread from
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Hardwick Hall, Doe Lea Robert
Smythson for Bess Hardwick, 1597 (Floor plans and plan of grounds) PDF by London Metropolitan University
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323:. Its arrival in Britain coincided with the period when it was no longer necessary or legal to fortify a domestic dwelling.
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From the early 19th century, the antique atmosphere of
Hardwick Hall was consciously preserved. A low, 19th-century
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497:. As a secondary home, it escaped the attention of modernisers and received few alterations after its completion.
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600:(No.1 PTS), RAF Ringway. During this period, all pre-jump ground training was moved from Hardwick to Ringway.
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802:. Hardwick Hall was used for the exterior scenes and some interior scenes of Malfoy Manor in the 2010 film
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was built on an axis through the centre of the house, rather than at right angles to the entrance.
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TV series to illustrate a long series of changes that occurred in home design as a result of the
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Chatsworth: Home of the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire; Derbyshire Countryside Ltd; 2005: p56.
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approved a War Establishment for the depot on 25 December 1942, appointing Lt Col W. Giles
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8:
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528:. It was privately printed and provided a history of the Cavendish family's two estates.
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264:
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writes, "The little rhyme is: 'Hardwick Hall, more window than wall.' Nikolaus Pevsner,
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in 1959. The building was approaching ruin and required stabilisation and restoration.
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Bess employed a decorator, named as John "Paynter" in her accounts. He used chalk and
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Both Hardwick Hall and the Old Hall are Grade I listed (the highest designation) by
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In March 1944, the Battle School closed, and the Holding Unit was moved to nearby
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for third floor from B. Fletcher, History of Architecture, (London, 1921) pg. 700
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352:, ownership of the house was transferred to the Treasury in 1956 and then to the
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Depot and Battle School was located on the grounds of the estate from 1942–1946.
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Risk assessment information for teachers, Hardwick Old Hall: English Heritage
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611:. The Selection Company and Depot Administrative Unit remained at Hardwick.
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The Hall is fully open to the public and received 298,283 visitors in 2019.
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on the Isle of Wight and Airborne Forces activity at Hardwick Hall ceased.
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The camp was southwest of the Hall and consisted of a 250-foot (76 m)
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1114:"BBC - WW2 People's War - Hardwick Hall, to be trained as a parachutist"
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Teachers' resource kit for Harwick Old Hall : English Heritage
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489:, was created 1st Duke of Devonshire in 1694. The Devonshires made
450:
396:, it was owned by her descendants until the mid-twentieth century.
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257:
1559:
1300:"Duke of Devonshire opens Derbyshire's Hardwick Hall after revamp"
1728:
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Hardwick is open to the public. It has a fine garden, including
580:
In 1942, when the 1st Parachute Brigade moved from Hardwick to
434:
illustrating hunting scenes; the room has been little altered.
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Following Bess's death in 1608, the house passed to her son
422:
on the second floor; these rooms include one of the largest
1424:
Hardwick Old Hall visitor information from English Heritage
732:, selected the Hall in 2006 as one of his five choices for
687:
is an especially important piece from around 1600, and the
442:
562:, the first airborne Royal Engineers unit, and a skeleton
782:
Hardwick Hall was the setting for the 10-part BBC series
743:
1351:"Harry Potter scenes shot at Derbyshire's Hardwick Hall"
870:
786:, broadcast in 1972. Hardwick Hall was used in the 1978
461:
The architecture was influential, and in March 1608 the
399:
Bess of Hardwick was the richest woman in England after
1409:
Images of Hardwick Hall taken by Photographer John Gay
607:, while a new preliminary Battle School was set up at
796:. The house was described in the 1985 TV documentary
691:
has an inlaid top of interest to musical historians.
541:
On 31 August 1941, the decision was made to form the
1504:
1375:
Adshead, David and Taylor, David A. H. B., editors,
441:
made from glovers' offcuts. Pigments including blue
426:
in any English house. There is also a tapestry-hung
16:
Elizabethan country house in Derbyshire, England, UK
1227:
1196:
927:. London: Thames and Hudson, 1976, p. 324, note 80.
878:"ALVA – Association of Leading Visitor Attractions"
650:in 1956. The Treasury transferred the house to the
642:. The decision was taken to hand the house over to
418:A wide, winding, stone staircase leads up to the
248:pavilions with Bess of Hardwick's initials "ES" (
2121:
1386:, Peter Owen Publishers, 1999 (Revised edition).
1139:"BBC - WW2 People's War - D-Day, Normandy, 1944"
1053:"Airborne Forces Depot Hardwick Hall | ParaData"
919:Another version is "more window than wall." Sir
1404:Hardwick Hall information at the National Trust
997:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 80.
392:, Countess of Shrewsbury and ancestress of the
1490:
805:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1
671:Hardwick Hall contains a large collection of
1377:Hardwick Hall: a Great Old Castle of Romance
1233:"Hardwick Old Hall (Grade I) (1052337)"
1221:
1190:
384:countryside, Hardwick Hall was designed by
1497:
1483:
1289:. London: Thames and Hudson, 1976, p. 248.
1089:"The Parachute Regiment and Hardwick Hall"
558:formed at Hardwick with the 1st Air Troop
303:era, a leading example of the Elizabethan
36:
1440:Panoramic images and QuickTime VR movies
703:though most of the building is unroofed.
522:William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire
483:William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire
333:was formed at Hardwick Hall in 1941. The
1419:Listing Building Images of Hardwick Hall
1326:"Hardwick Hall Building Repairs Project"
1202:"Hardwick Hall (Grade I) (1051617)"
1171:
1165:
938:'Bess of Hardwick's Building Accounts',
712:
662:
279:
271:
263:
244:Hardwick's skyline features six rooftop
239:
19:For Hardwick Hall in County Durham, see
2155:National Trust properties in Derbyshire
1258:
990:
900:
898:
230:Location of Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire
2135:Grade I listed buildings in Derbyshire
2122:
909:. London: BBC Books. pp. 157–164.
818:Grade I listed buildings in Derbyshire
2180:Textile museums in the United Kingdom
2012:Derbyshire Dales Narrow Gauge Railway
1478:
1083:
1081:
1079:
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1075:
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1045:
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1019:"Handbook of Chatsworth and Hardwick"
904:
630:In 1950, the unexpected death of the
517:is fairly inconspicuous at the rear.
388:in the late 16th century. Ordered by
340:After ownership for centuries by the
222:
2170:Historic house museums in Derbyshire
2130:English Heritage sites in Derbyshire
1414:Detailed Tour of the Hardwick Estate
895:
717:Hardwick Hall from Hardwick Old Hall
465:, who was planning new buildings at
276:Hardwick's long gallery in the 1890s
1252:
760:international expositions and fairs
536:
526:Handbook to Chatsworth and Hardwick
311:, it was designed by the architect
13:
1369:
1238:National Heritage List for England
1207:National Heritage List for England
1070:
1036:
777:
752:Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition
614:In April 1946, the Depot moved to
307:. Built between 1590 and 1597 for
295:is an architecturally significant
268:Chimneypiece in High Great Chamber
14:
2196:
2160:Tourist attractions in Derbyshire
1397:
823:Listed buildings in Ault Hucknall
758:for the main exhibition halls at
2104:
2072:Royal Crown Derby Visitor Centre
1558:
1506:Places of Interest in Derbyshire
956:, vol. 3 (London, 1791), p. 350.
954:Illustrations of British History
500:The famed political philosopher
221:
214:
2145:Grade I listed museum buildings
1343:
1318:
1292:
1279:
1156:
1131:
1106:
531:
508:
476:
469:, asked Bess's son-in-law, the
367:
1997:Cromford and High Peak Railway
1621:Derby Museum & Art Gallery
1393:, Peter Owen Publishers, 2011.
1379:, Yale University Press, 2016.
1176:. National Trust. p. 72.
1011:
984:
959:
946:
930:
913:
853:"History of Hardwick Old Hall"
845:
762:in the wake of the success of
598:No.1 Parachute Training School
1:
2052:Millennium Walkway, New Mills
1616:Buxton Museum and Art Gallery
1454:of the exterior taken in 1989
1353:. BBC Derby. 24 November 2010
838:
636:Evelyn, Duchess of Devonshire
284:Hardwick's long gallery today
2150:Country houses in Derbyshire
1580:Chesterfield's Crooked Spire
1568:Churches and religious sites
7:
2047:Midland Railway – Butterley
2027:Ecclesbourne Valley Railway
1714:Longdendale Reservoir Chain
1520:Ardotalia (Melandra Castle)
1287:A History of Building Types
967:"Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679)"
925:A History of Building Types
811:
621:
430:with a spectacular plaster
372:Sited on a hilltop between
10:
2201:
1594:Museums and cultural sites
1513:Castles and military sites
1263:. BBC Four. Archived from
1261:"Britain's Best Buildings"
799:Treasure Houses of Britain
362:
21:Hardwick Hall Country Park
18:
2101:
2085:
1984:
1956:Swarkestone Hall Pavilion
1808:
1777:
1639:
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766:constructed for the 1851
550:On 15 December 1941, the
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141:
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123:
109:
72:
57:
47:
35:
30:
2185:Elizabethan architecture
2165:Houses completed in 1597
1800:Nine Ladies Stone Circle
735:Britain's Best Buildings
658:
524:published a book called
2057:National Tramway Museum
1664:Buxton Pavilion Gardens
1631:Pickford's House Museum
1172:Girouard, Mark (2006).
942:, 64 (1913), pp. 382–84
632:10th Duke of Devonshire
556:3rd Parachute Battalion
552:2nd Parachute Battalion
1992:Barrow Hill Roundhouse
1985:Transport and industry
991:Malcolm, Noel (2003).
718:
668:
547:Brigadier Richard Gale
485:. His great-grandson,
285:
277:
269:
261:
142:Architectural style(s)
42:"More glass than wall"
2175:Gardens in Derbyshire
2140:Grade I listed houses
2111:Derbyshire portal
1951:Sutton Scarsdale Hall
1778:Prehistoric landmarks
905:Burke, James (1978).
716:
666:
543:1st Parachute Brigade
331:1st Parachute Brigade
315:, an exponent of the
283:
275:
267:
243:
2022:Derwent Valley Mills
784:Mistress of Hardwick
571:parachute jump tower
344:and the line of the
1754:Shining Cliff Woods
1709:Ladybower Reservoir
1391:The Smythson Circle
1057:www.paradata.org.uk
936:Basil Stallybrass,
638:, the widow of the
394:Dukes of Devonshire
90: /
2037:Leawood Pump House
2032:High Peak Junction
1769:Treak Cliff Cavern
1694:Heights of Abraham
1689:Foremark Reservoir
1642:and outdoor spaces
1611:Buxton Opera House
1389:Durant, David N.,
1382:Durant, David N.,
1285:Nikolaus Pevsner,
1259:Cruickshank, Dan.
764:The Crystal Palace
740:documentary series
719:
696:herbaceous borders
669:
471:Earl of Shrewsbury
380:, overlooking the
350:Duke of Devonshire
346:Earl of Devonshire
286:
278:
270:
262:
192:Reference no.
94:53.1688°N 1.3088°W
2117:
2116:
2017:Derwent Reservoir
1971:Willersley Castle
1790:Hob Hurst's House
1719:Longdendale Trail
1640:Natural landmarks
1267:on 20 August 2004
1183:978-1-84359-217-4
994:Aspects of Hobbes
768:London Exhibition
667:Hardwick Old Hall
463:Earl of Salisbury
401:Queen Elizabeth I
317:Renaissance style
238:
237:
111:OS grid reference
2192:
2109:
2108:
2107:
1961:Thornbridge Hall
1941:St Helen's House
1851:Chatsworth House
1821:Barlborough Hall
1759:Speedwell Cavern
1739:Ogston Reservoir
1699:Howden Reservoir
1669:Carsington Water
1659:Blue John Cavern
1562:
1540:Melbourne Castle
1499:
1492:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1384:Bess of Hardwick
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1229:Historic England
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1198:Historic England
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921:Nikolaus Pevsner
917:
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893:
892:
890:
888:
874:
868:
867:
865:
863:
857:English Heritage
849:
828:Chatsworth House
728:specialising in
708:Historic England
700:English Heritage
582:Bulford Garrison
537:Second World War
390:Bess of Hardwick
342:Cavendish family
309:Bess of Hardwick
246:banqueting house
225:
224:
218:
119:
105:
104:
102:
101:
100:
99:53.1688; -1.3088
95:
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40:
28:
27:
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2119:
2118:
2113:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2081:
2007:Derby Silk Mill
1980:
1976:Wingfield Manor
1966:Tissington Hall
1886:Hartington Hall
1866:Elvaston Castle
1826:Bradbourne Hall
1804:
1773:
1724:Longshaw Estate
1679:Derby Arboretum
1641:
1635:
1626:Devonshire Dome
1601:Buxton Crescent
1589:
1585:Derby Cathedral
1563:
1554:
1550:Pilsbury Castle
1535:Duffield Castle
1525:Bolsover Castle
1508:
1503:
1400:
1372:
1370:Further reading
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1306:. 27 March 2012
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882:www.alva.org.uk
876:
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861:
859:
851:
850:
846:
841:
814:
780:
778:In modern media
722:Dan Cruickshank
689:Eglantine Table
661:
624:
616:Albany Barracks
609:Dore and Totley
560:Royal Engineers
539:
534:
511:
479:
386:Robert Smythson
370:
365:
335:Airborne Forces
313:Robert Smythson
234:
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171:
168:Listed Building
136:Robert Smythson
127:1590–1597
115:
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2132:
2115:
2114:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1926:Radbourne Hall
1923:
1918:
1916:Oakhurst House
1913:
1908:
1906:Melbourne Hall
1903:
1898:
1896:Kedleston Hall
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:Ednaston Manor
1858:
1853:
1848:
1846:Castleton Hall
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1749:Poole's Cavern
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1674:Creswell Crags
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1649:Alport Castles
1645:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1545:Peveril Castle
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1455:
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1438:
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1431:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1399:
1398:External links
1396:
1395:
1394:
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1380:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1342:
1330:National Trust
1317:
1291:
1278:
1251:
1220:
1189:
1182:
1164:
1155:
1130:
1105:
1093:National Trust
1069:
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952:Edmund Lodge,
945:
929:
912:
894:
869:
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779:
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652:National Trust
623:
620:
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535:
533:
530:
510:
507:
478:
475:
467:Hatfield House
424:long galleries
369:
366:
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354:National Trust
328:British Army's
256:hrewsbury) in
236:
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2100:
2094:
2093:Well dressing
2091:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2077:Stainsby Mill
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
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2002:Cromford Mill
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1931:Renishaw Hall
1929:
1927:
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1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:Longford Hall
1899:
1897:
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1881:Hardwick Hall
1879:
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1856:Coxbench Hall
1854:
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1829:
1827:
1824:
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1819:
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1816:Alfreton Hall
1814:
1813:
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1809:Stately homes
1807:
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1680:
1677:
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1657:
1655:
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1647:
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1638:
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1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
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1609:
1607:
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1602:
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1598:
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1592:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1575:Anchor Church
1573:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
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1530:Codnor Castle
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
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1511:
1507:
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1493:
1488:
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1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1352:
1346:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1288:
1282:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1175:
1174:Hardwick Hall
1168:
1159:
1144:
1143:www.bbc.co.uk
1140:
1134:
1119:
1118:www.bbc.co.uk
1115:
1109:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1006:
1000:
996:
995:
987:
972:
968:
962:
955:
949:
943:
941:
933:
926:
922:
916:
908:
901:
899:
883:
879:
873:
858:
854:
848:
844:
834:
833:Stainsby Mill
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
809:
807:
806:
801:
800:
795:
791:
790:
785:
775:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
736:
731:
727:
723:
715:
711:
709:
704:
701:
697:
692:
690:
686:
685:Sea Dog Table
682:
678:
674:
665:
656:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
619:
617:
612:
610:
606:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
567:
565:
564:Royal Signals
561:
557:
553:
548:
544:
529:
527:
523:
518:
516:
506:
503:
502:Thomas Hobbes
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
474:
472:
468:
464:
459:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
429:
428:great chamber
425:
421:
416:
412:
410:
404:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
360:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:prodigy house
302:
298:
297:country house
294:
290:
289:Hardwick Hall
282:
274:
266:
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
217:
208:
204:
200:
197:
194:
190:
186:
182:
179:Hardwick Hall
178:
176:Official name
174:
169:
164:
160:
157:
154:
150:
147:
144:
140:
137:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
112:
108:
103:
75:
71:
68:
64:
63:Ault Hucknall
60:
56:
53:
52:Prodigy house
50:
46:
39:
34:
31:Hardwick Hall
29:
26:
22:
1946:Sudbury Hall
1936:Riber Castle
1921:Parwich Hall
1911:Norbury Hall
1880:
1831:Bradley Hall
1764:Thorpe Cloud
1704:Kinder Scout
1606:Buxton Baths
1390:
1383:
1376:
1355:. Retrieved
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1329:
1320:
1308:. Retrieved
1303:
1294:
1286:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:the original
1254:
1242:. Retrieved
1236:
1223:
1211:. Retrieved
1205:
1192:
1173:
1167:
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1142:
1133:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:
1108:
1096:. Retrieved
1092:
1060:. Retrieved
1056:
1026:. Retrieved
1022:
1013:
993:
986:
974:. Retrieved
970:
961:
953:
948:
940:Archaeologia
939:
932:
924:
915:
906:
885:. Retrieved
881:
872:
860:. Retrieved
856:
847:
803:
797:
787:
783:
781:
772:
755:
742:made by the
733:
730:architecture
720:
705:
693:
673:embroideries
670:
629:
625:
613:
602:
594:Ox and Bucks
579:
568:
540:
532:20th century
525:
519:
515:service wing
512:
509:19th century
499:
480:
477:17th century
460:
436:
417:
413:
405:
398:
374:Chesterfield
371:
368:16th century
358:
339:
325:
288:
287:
253:
249:
25:
2042:Magpie Mine
1876:Haddon Hall
1841:Calke Abbey
1836:Bretby Hall
1744:Peak Cavern
1734:Monsal Dale
1654:Black Rocks
1452:photographs
907:Connections
789:Connections
648:Estate Duty
646:in lieu of
644:HM Treasury
575:RAF Ringway
495:dower house
420:state rooms
301:Elizabethan
187:11 Jul 1951
146:Renaissance
97: /
73:Coordinates
2124:Categories
1795:Minninglow
1458:Floor plan
1244:14 October
1213:14 October
1023:Chatsworth
1004:0199247145
887:4 November
839:References
756:de rigueur
748:television
605:Clay Cross
586:War Office
566:Squadron.
491:Chatsworth
409:great hall
382:Derbyshire
293:Derbyshire
184:Designated
117:SK 463 637
82:53°10′08″N
67:Derbyshire
2067:Peak Rail
2062:Odin Mine
1891:Ilam Park
1871:Eyam Hall
1785:Arbor Low
726:historian
681:furniture
520:In 1844,
455:vermilion
447:verdigris
378:Mansfield
299:from the
252:lizabeth
170:– Grade I
132:Architect
85:1°18′32″W
61:Doe Lea,
2086:See also
1684:Dovedale
1450:Several
1357:10 April
1335:14 April
1310:14 April
1304:BBC News
1028:14 April
976:14 April
862:14 April
812:See also
677:tapestry
640:9th Duke
622:Post War
451:massicot
348:and the
321:Florence
258:openwork
58:Location
1729:Mam Tor
1464:Drawing
1148:19 June
1123:19 June
1098:19 June
1062:19 June
487:William
363:History
196:1051617
1271:3 June
1180:
1001:
545:under
453:, and
432:frieze
724:, an
659:Today
152:Owner
124:Built
1446:here
1444:and
1442:here
1359:2014
1337:2021
1312:2021
1273:2008
1246:2015
1215:2015
1178:ISBN
1150:2024
1125:2024
1100:2024
1064:2024
1030:2021
999:ISBN
978:2021
889:2020
864:2021
746:for
738:, a
679:and
554:and
443:bice
439:size
376:and
326:The
48:Type
971:BBC
744:BBC
291:in
2126::
1328:.
1302:.
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1231:.
1204:.
1200:.
1141:.
1116:.
1091:.
1072:^
1055:.
1038:^
1021:.
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897:^
880:.
855:.
808:.
770:.
710:.
590:MC
449:,
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1217:.
1186:.
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1127:.
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1032:.
1007:.
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891:.
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592:(
260:.
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250:E
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