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for Ryukyu to emulate Japan more fully, which also calls into question the accuracy of his history since elements appear to have been altered to fit better with the
Japanese world view. Adopting Japanese customs more outwardly, in terms of language and dress, was made impossible by the need to hide Japanese control or influence in Ryukyu in order to maintain good relations with China. However, Shō sought to minimize as much as possible any elements of Ryukyuan custom which could be seen as backwards or undignified in the eyes of Satsuma; he removed the royalty from participation in many traditional rites, and as a result allowed these rites to be much smaller and less extravagant. This also served the important effect of reducing extravagant spending, and allowing Ryukyu to be more productive and prosperous. In a similar vein, he punished aristocrats and government officials who lived too extravagant a lifestyle; the aristocracy and peasantry both were living beyond their means for much of the early 17th century, a trend which led to widespread poverty.
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388:, for wealth and power, allowing them a way to maintain the isolation of feudal Japan while doing behind-the-scenes trading with other countries via the Ryukyu Islands. He blames the invasion on Ryukyuan disloyalty and neglect of their feudal obligations to their benevolent lords (Satsuma), and on a corrupt government official named
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to whom all of Ryukyu was a vassal. It is unclear the extent to which he wrote of them favorably out of fear of reprisal for criticizing them, or out of a genuinely positive view of their customs and politics. Nevertheless, in his writings and in his political behavior, Shō displayed a strong desire
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In writing the first history of the Ryukyu
Kingdom, his political goals and/or cultural views are quite evident. He paints Ryukyu as being a loyal vassal to Satsuma long before the 1609 invasion, which was done primarily out of desire, on the part of the
341:), not out of a desire for power, or to suppress native religion, but in order to cut down on extravagance and on practices which could be perceived as undignified to the Japanese. Ultimately, for all his philosophical writings, Shō was a pragmatist.
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Shō Shōken was born as the first son of Haneji Ōji Chōtai (Prince Chōtai Haneji), the third head of Haneji Udun (Palace). Haneji Udun was one of the cadet branches of Royal House. Shō Shōken inherited the position of
396:: Jana Ueekata) who Shō Shōken claims led the people astray. In this light, he seeks favor by claiming that the benevolent lords of Satsuma had no choice but to invade as a chastisement for Ryukyu's disloyalty.
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356:. Confucianist views on benevolent leadership and overall morality pervade Shō's writings and his policies. However, his views are also in line with the concept called
372:. His telling of Ryukyuan history, through recounting a lineage of kings, makes use of this concept extensively; it is very similar and closely related to that of the
304:(prime minister). Shō refused, demanding that it was inappropriate for such an important appointment to be conveyed by such a lowly messenger. The following day,
300:(The Directives of Haneji), one of his chief collections of reforms, he was approached in 1666 by a royal messenger, who was sent to offer him the position of
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One of the most influential leaders and reformers of the Ryukyu
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in China. Kings who were poor or malevolent rulers were overthrown by those who were backed by the Way of Heaven.
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from Chōtai in 1640, and began compiling the Mirror of Chūzan in 1650, by the orders of the king
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Shō Shōken's writings, in particular the Mirror of Chūzan, indicate a favor for the lords of
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Visions of Ryukyu: Identity and
Ideology in Early-Modern Thought and Politics
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reforms aimed at improving Ryukyu's prosperity and dignity in the eyes of
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645:Urasoe Chōō
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436:Shō Shōken
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590:Kin Chōtei
580:Kikuin Sōi
492:1666–1675
489:of Ryukyu
419:References
294:Shō Shitsu
274:Background
201:Shō Shōken
125:1617-06-06
76:Shō Shitsu
610:Kin Chōkō
310:Sanshikan
260:political
67:1666–1675
63:In office
56:of Ryukyu
560:Tei Fuku
451:Head of
394:Okinawan
384:and the
370:Japanese
362:Okinawan
333:(female
231:Ryukyuan
229:, was a
224:羽地 王子 朝秀
72:Monarchs
317:Satsuma
214:Haneji
80:Shō Tei
711:Sessei
555:Aranpō
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486:Sessei
390:Tei Dō
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322:daimyō
302:sessei
236:sessei
218:Chōshū
53:sessei
570:Kaiki
366:tendō
268:Japan
264:China
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41:羽地 朝秀
565:Ō Mō
550:Eiso
364:and
331:noro
281:jitō
266:and
253:中山世鑑
207:向 象賢
186:Rank
134:Died
119:Born
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190:Ōji
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