348:
959:
140:
967:
779:
723:
34:
146:
163:
392:"Dapper", its base was then intentionally flooded so that it sank in about 37 feet (11 m) of water, coming to rest on the sandbar at 16:45. Its location on Rough Sands, approximately 10 miles off the Harwich seafront, was at the time situated in international waters although the superstructure of the vessel above the waterline remained visible from the coast of England.
372:
seven floors, four for crew quarters; the remainder provided dining, operational, and storage areas, e.g., for several generators, and for fresh water tanks and antiaircraft munitions. There was a steel framework at one end supporting a landing jetty and crane which was used to hoist supplies aboard; the wooden landing stage itself became known as a "dolphin".
456:, landed on and occupied Fort Roughs. After disagreements, Bates seized the tower as his own. O'Rahilly attempted to storm the fort in 1967 but Bates thwarted the attack with guns and petrol bombs. As a result the British Royal Marines went to the fort and ordered Bates to surrender and received warning shots fired by Bates' son
395:
HM Fort Roughs was in operation within 30 minutes of being launched: the crew had been aboard during the fitting out in harbour and were well acquainted with the fort's equipment. Approximately 100 men were assigned to the barge before deployment on Rough Sands; thereafter, the fort was occupied by
391:
station at
Tilbury docks by four tugs—"Dapper", "Crested Cock", "King Lear" and "Lady Brassey". Although setting off from Tilbury docks on the morning of 9 February 1942, an eventful journey meant that it did not reach its final destination until 16:00 on 11 February 1942. Held in place by the tug
371:
base with a support superstructure of two 60-foot (18 m) tall, 24-foot (7.3 m) diameter hollow reinforced concrete towers, walls roughly 3.5 inches (9 cm) thick; overall weight is estimated to have been approximately 4,500 tons. The twin concrete supporting towers were divided into
405:
355:
As a contemporary historical society notes, Fort Roughs or the "Rough Towers" was "the first of originally four naval forts designed by G. Maunsell to protect the Thames
Estuary." The artificial sea fort was constructed in dry dock at Red Lion Wharf,
925:
468:(founded on 2 September 1967). In 1978, a German businessman, along with some other Germans and Dutchmen invaded Roughs Tower but Bates recaptured it and finally released them, after a visit by a diplomat from the German embassy in London.
955:
375:
The towers were joined above the eventual waterline by a steel platform deck upon which other structures could be added; this became a gun deck, on which an upper deck and a central tower unit were constructed.
1085:
1302:
412:
British government official entities used Roughs Tower for a variety of purposes until 1956 when all full-time personnel were finally removed. Roughs Tower remained identified by name on
460:. The pair were arrested and charged with weapons offences but the court threw the case out as it did not have jurisdiction beyond the territorial waters of Britain. Bates took this as
424:. Their purpose is to warn vessels of this obstacle, especially in time of fog because busy shipping lanes criss-cross the area with vessels going to and from the container Port of
689:
1793:
638:
947:
396:
150–300 Royal Navy personnel, which continued throughout World War II. At the conclusion of hostilities all original personnel were evacuated from HM Fort Roughs.
1758:
1763:
1733:
480:
the fort's location is at 51°53.71′N 1°28.83′E. The structure is marked by east and west cardinal buoys. Other references (taken from land-based maps) are
1627:
719:
495:
384:
anti-aircraft guns and the central tower radar installations atop a central living area that contained a galley, medical, and officers' quarters.
185:
1591:
940:
488:
1545:
1270:
312:, and more broadly, the Thames estuary. This 4,500 ton artificial naval installation is similar in some respects to "fixed" offshore
578:
1583:
933:
1521:
1310:
1893:
1868:
1863:
1667:
1567:
1475:
1339:
1254:
1032:
464:
recognition of his country and seven years later issued a constitution, flag, and national anthem, among other things, for the
1454:
1238:
1037:
1006:
98:
1853:
1693:
1379:
1246:
1214:
417:
70:
1529:
1438:
1278:
1053:
866:
1575:
1329:
1294:
1262:
1198:
761:
667:
77:
1537:
1508:
1069:
711:
647:
620:
117:
1878:
1698:
1599:
1492:
1387:
1286:
1230:
1077:
1061:
1446:
1344:
1045:
381:
51:
84:
1657:
1559:
884:
55:
1813:
1798:
1788:
1703:
1652:
1027:
484:
66:
1165:
1093:
914:
874:
1783:
1773:
1688:
1637:
1500:
1180:
408:
The locations of the seven
Maunsell Forts off the east coast of England with HM Fort Roughs top right.
1818:
541:
1858:
1683:
814:
727:
722:
465:
457:
331:
44:
20:
1883:
794:
766:
908:
704:
91:
1823:
1808:
1768:
364:
313:
8:
1738:
1647:
1617:
1190:
1170:
1137:
983:
582:
363:
This artificial naval installation is similar in some respects to early "fixed" offshore
347:
1888:
1873:
546:
449:
377:
301:
1778:
1662:
1423:
1408:
1127:
643:
616:
380:
anti-aircraft guns were positioned at each end of this main deck, with a further two
367:. It consisted of a rectangular 168-by-88-foot (51 by 27 m) reinforced concrete
324:
and 13 kilometres (7 nmi) from the coast of Essex. Today it is the location and
1743:
1728:
1723:
1428:
1418:
1403:
697:
1708:
1462:
1433:
1395:
1175:
1001:
804:
481:
477:
445:
433:
1803:
1484:
1413:
996:
966:
958:
453:
368:
233:
1847:
1642:
1612:
1334:
1157:
1103:
844:
834:
510:
497:
421:
200:
187:
1748:
1222:
1112:
297:
293:
281:
1718:
1371:
1206:
1117:
839:
738:
436:
now identify the former sea barge fort as Roughs Tower on their charts.
1632:
1622:
1554:
991:
809:
778:
425:
388:
1828:
1753:
1147:
1122:
357:
33:
1607:
1516:
1142:
1132:
326:
320:
located approximately 11 kilometres (6 nmi) from the coast of
145:
1713:
824:
429:
321:
317:
305:
250:
237:
404:
635:
492:, and on OpenStreetMap within 200 meters of the chart location
342:
16:
Naval fort off the coasts of
Suffolk and Essex, United Kingdom
413:
309:
19:
For the unrecognised micronation located on Fort Roughs, see
399:
639:
Micronations: The Lonely Planet Guide to Home-Made
Nations
162:
675:, vol. 1183–0, UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO), 2017
330:
capital of the unrecognised, self-proclaimed state of
300:
and known collectively as His
Majesty's Forts or as
58:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
666:
636:Ryan, John; George Dunford; Simon Sellars (2006).
351:The stages involved in sinking of the naval fort.
1845:
304:; the purpose of which was to guard the port of
420:which are maintained under an arrangement with
941:
705:
539:
673:Admiralty charts, International chart series
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
343:1942: Construction, positioning, occupation
948:
934:
712:
698:
554:
118:Learn how and when to remove this message
661:
659:
606:
604:
602:
600:
403:
400:1956: Removal of full-time HMG personnel
346:
579:"The Rough Towers: Fort Specifications"
360:, in the year preceding and into 1942.
1846:
1668:List of air stations of the Royal Navy
1340:British Defence Singapore Support Unit
610:
929:
693:
656:
597:
581:. The Harwich Society. Archived from
432:, and the Port of Harwich, Essex. UK
155:Rough Sands, off the coast of Essex.
296:installations that were designed by
56:adding citations to reliable sources
27:
867:Coins and postage stamps of Sealand
439:
316:. It is situated on Rough Sands, a
13:
1653:HM Victualling Yard Royal Victoria
1648:HM Victualling Yard Royal Clarence
14:
1905:
1658:HM Victualling Yard Royal William
965:
963:Royal Navy shore establishments
957:
777:
721:
448:, who operated Radio Essex, and
161:
144:
138:
32:
1345:UK Joint Logistics Support Base
540:Jacobs, Frank (20 March 2012).
174:Location off the coast of Essex
43:needs additional citations for
885:Sealand national football team
629:
533:
1:
1894:World War II sites in England
1869:Artificial islands of England
1864:20th-century forts in England
1689:HM Naval Yard Penetanguishene
526:
387:The fort was towed from the
7:
1854:Royal Navy bases in England
1784:HM Naval Yard Garden Island
1638:RNAS Prestwick (HMS Gannet)
1094:Institute of Naval Medicine
915:Radio Newyork International
729:The Principality of Sealand
471:
10:
1910:
1774:HM Naval Base Simon's Town
416:placed in position by the
337:
18:
1676:
1364:
1357:
1330:Navy Command Headquarters
1322:
1189:
1156:
1102:
1018:
982:
975:
900:
873:
864:
857:
823:
793:
786:
775:
749:
736:
668:"Orford Ness to The Naze"
611:Turner, Frank R. (1994).
277:
269:
261:
256:
246:
229:
224:
216:
179:
172:
160:
153:
132:
1879:Principality of Sealand
1779:HM Naval Base Weihaiwei
1769:HM Naval Base Singapore
1749:HM Dockyard Trincomalee
1719:HM Dockyard Haulbowline
1694:HM Naval Shipyards York
1684:Grand River Naval Depot
466:Principality of Sealand
21:Principality of Sealand
1744:HM Dockyard Port Royal
1739:HM Dockyard Port Mahon
767:Wonderful Radio London
613:The Maunsell Sea Forts
511:51.895167°N 1.480500°E
409:
352:
201:51.895167°N 1.480500°E
1759:HM Naval Base Colombo
1714:HM Dockyard Gibraltar
909:The Battle of Sealand
407:
350:
1764:HM Naval Base Cochin
1663:HM Dockyard Woolwich
1429:HM Dockyard Portland
1424:HM Dockyard Pembroke
1409:HM Dockyard Deptford
1191:Royal Naval Reserves
241:(claim unrecognized)
52:improve this article
1824:HM Dockyard Antigua
1729:HM Dockyard Kinsale
1724:HM Dockyard Jamaica
1704:HM Dockyard Bermuda
1618:RNAD Broughton Moor
1419:HM Dockyard Harwich
1404:HM Dockyard Chatham
1171:Predannack Airfield
516:51.895167; 1.480500
507: /
418:Ministry of Defence
206:51.895167; 1.480500
197: /
1754:HM Naval Base Aden
1734:HM Dockyard Madras
1709:HM Dockyard Bombay
1434:HM Dockyard Rosyth
547:The New York Times
542:"All Hail Sealand"
410:
353:
302:Maunsell Sea Forts
292:is one of several
247:Controlled by
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1804:HM Dockyard Malta
1699:HMRND Amherstburg
1414:HM Dockyard Erith
1353:
1352:
923:
922:
896:
895:
853:
852:
642:. Lonely Planet.
476:According to the
287:
286:
242:
220:Offshore fortress
128:
127:
120:
102:
1901:
1794:HMRNB Georgetown
1517:HM Holmrook Hall
1362:
1361:
980:
979:
970:
969:
962:
961:
950:
943:
936:
927:
926:
889:Sealand Seahawks
877:
862:
861:
827:
797:
791:
790:
781:
743:
730:
726:
725:
714:
707:
700:
691:
690:
684:
683:
682:
680:
670:
663:
654:
653:
633:
627:
626:
608:
595:
594:
592:
590:
585:on 25 March 2016
575:
552:
551:
537:
522:
521:
519:
518:
517:
512:
508:
505:
504:
503:
500:
491:
440:1966: Occupation
240:
225:Site information
212:
211:
209:
208:
207:
202:
198:
195:
194:
193:
190:
167:The fort in 2007
165:
156:
148:
143:
142:
141:
130:
129:
123:
116:
112:
109:
103:
101:
67:"HM Fort Roughs"
60:
36:
28:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1833:
1789:HMRND Esquimalt
1672:
1349:
1318:
1185:
1176:RNAS Merryfield
1152:
1128:RM Norton Manor
1098:
1033:CTCRM Lympstone
1020:
1014:
1002:HMNB Portsmouth
971:
964:
956:
954:
924:
919:
892:
875:
869:
849:
825:
819:
805:Paddy Roy Bates
795:
782:
773:
745:
739:
732:
728:
720:
718:
688:
687:
678:
676:
665:
664:
657:
650:
634:
630:
623:
615:. F.R. Turner.
609:
598:
588:
586:
577:
576:
555:
538:
534:
529:
515:
513:
509:
506:
501:
498:
496:
494:
493:
487:
482:Ordnance Survey
478:Admiralty chart
474:
452:, who operated
450:Ronan O'Rahilly
446:Paddy Roy Bates
442:
434:Ordnance Survey
402:
345:
340:
236:
205:
203:
199:
196:
191:
188:
186:
184:
183:
175:
168:
154:
149:
139:
137:
124:
113:
107:
104:
61:
59:
49:
37:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1859:Forts in Essex
1856:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1799:HMRND Kingston
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1643:RNAY Wroughton
1640:
1635:
1630:
1628:RNAD Dean Hill
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1597:
1589:
1586:St Christopher
1581:
1573:
1565:
1557:
1552:
1543:
1535:
1527:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1473:
1471:HM Fort Roughs
1468:
1460:
1452:
1444:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1393:
1385:
1377:
1368:
1366:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1228:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1195:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1181:RNAS Yeovilton
1178:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1083:
1075:
1067:
1059:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1030:
1028:BRNC Dartmouth
1024:
1022:
1021:establishments
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1004:
999:
997:HMNB Devonport
994:
988:
986:
977:
973:
972:
953:
952:
945:
938:
930:
921:
920:
918:
917:
912:
904:
902:
898:
897:
894:
893:
891:
890:
887:
881:
879:
871:
870:
865:
859:
855:
854:
851:
850:
848:
847:
842:
837:
831:
829:
821:
820:
818:
817:
812:
807:
801:
799:
788:
784:
783:
776:
774:
772:
771:
770:
769:
759:
757:HM Fort Roughs
753:
751:
747:
746:
737:
734:
733:
717:
716:
709:
702:
694:
686:
685:
655:
648:
628:
621:
596:
553:
531:
530:
528:
525:
485:grid reference
473:
470:
454:Radio Caroline
441:
438:
401:
398:
344:
341:
339:
336:
290:HM Fort Roughs
285:
284:
279:
275:
274:
271:
267:
266:
263:
259:
258:
254:
253:
248:
244:
243:
234:United Kingdom
231:
227:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
181:
177:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
158:
157:
151:
150:
136:
134:HM Fort Roughs
126:
125:
40:
38:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1906:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1884:Coastal Essex
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1814:HMRNB Halifax
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1613:RM Turnchapel
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1335:RNAD Coulport
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:RNAS Culdrose
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:RM Stonehouse
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:Royal Marines
1101:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
987:
985:
981:
978:
974:
968:
960:
951:
946:
944:
939:
937:
932:
931:
928:
916:
913:
911:
910:
906:
905:
903:
899:
888:
886:
883:
882:
880:
878:
872:
868:
863:
860:
856:
846:
845:Sameer Parekh
843:
841:
838:
836:
835:Sean Hastings
833:
832:
830:
828:
822:
816:
815:Michael Bates
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
798:
792:
789:
785:
780:
768:
765:
764:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
752:
748:
744:
742:
735:
731:
724:
715:
710:
708:
703:
701:
696:
695:
692:
674:
669:
662:
660:
651:
649:1-74104-730-7
645:
641:
640:
632:
624:
622:0-9524303-0-4
618:
614:
607:
605:
603:
601:
584:
580:
574:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
558:
549:
548:
543:
536:
532:
524:
520:
490:
486:
483:
479:
469:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:Trinity House
419:
415:
406:
397:
393:
390:
385:
383:
379:
373:
370:
366:
365:oil platforms
361:
359:
349:
335:
333:
329:
328:
323:
319:
315:
314:oil platforms
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
283:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
252:
249:
245:
239:
235:
232:
228:
223:
219:
215:
210:
182:
178:
171:
164:
159:
152:
147:
135:
131:
122:
119:
111:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69: –
68:
64:
63:Find sources:
57:
53:
47:
46:
41:This article
39:
35:
30:
29:
26:
22:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1577:
1570:Royal Arthur
1569:
1561:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1486:
1477:
1470:
1464:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1264:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1232:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1158:air stations
1113:RM Bickleigh
1087:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1008:
907:
796:Bates family
762:Pirate radio
756:
740:
679:27 September
677:, retrieved
672:
637:
631:
612:
587:. Retrieved
583:the original
545:
535:
499:51°53′42.6″N
489:TM3964227615
475:
461:
443:
411:
394:
386:
382:Bofors 40 mm
374:
362:
354:
325:
298:Guy Maunsell
294:World War II
289:
288:
282:World War II
278:Battles/wars
257:Site history
189:51°53′42.6″N
133:
114:
105:
95:
88:
81:
74:
62:
50:Please help
45:verification
42:
25:
1548:King Alfred
1465:Forest Moor
1398:Daedalus II
1273:King Alfred
1118:RM Chivenor
1040:Collingwood
984:naval bases
840:Ryan Lackey
741:Micronation
514: /
502:1°28′49.8″E
378:QF 3.7 inch
270:In use
204: /
192:1°28′49.8″E
180:Coordinates
1848:Categories
1633:DM Gosport
1623:DM Crombie
1594:St Vincent
1555:Scapa Flow
1524:Imperieuse
1487:Flycatcher
1382:Aggressive
1249:Flying Fox
992:HMNB Clyde
810:Joan Bates
750:Background
589:14 October
527:References
426:Felixstowe
389:degaussing
78:newspapers
1889:Sea forts
1874:North Sea
1829:Navy Hall
1819:HMS Tamar
1600:HMS
1592:HMS
1584:HMS
1576:HMS
1568:HMS
1560:HMS
1538:HMS
1532:Lochinvar
1530:HMS
1522:HMS
1509:HMS
1501:HMS
1493:HMS
1485:HMS
1463:HMS
1455:HMS
1447:HMS
1441:Cambridge
1439:HMS
1396:HMS
1388:HMS
1380:HMS
1372:HMS
1311:HMS
1303:HMS
1295:HMS
1287:HMS
1281:President
1279:HMS
1271:HMS
1263:HMS
1255:HMS
1247:HMS
1239:HMS
1231:HMS
1223:HMS
1215:HMS
1207:HMS
1199:HMS
1148:RM Instow
1123:RM Condor
1088:Temeraire
1086:HMS
1078:HMS
1070:HMS
1062:HMS
1056:Excellent
1054:HMS
1046:HMS
1038:HMS
358:Gravesend
273:1942–1956
108:June 2011
1809:Auckland
1677:overseas
1608:Port HHZ
1578:Standard
1313:Wildfire
1297:Sherwood
1265:Hibernia
1225:Dalriada
1201:Calliope
1143:RM Tamar
1133:RM Poole
1019:training
472:Location
462:de facto
444:In 1966
327:de-facto
1540:Mercury
1511:Harrier
1478:Forward
1374:Abastor
1257:Forward
1209:Cambria
1072:Raleigh
976:current
901:Related
826:HavenCo
458:Michael
430:Suffolk
369:pontoon
338:History
332:Sealand
322:Suffolk
318:sandbar
306:Harwich
251:Sealand
238:Sealand
92:scholar
1602:Vernon
1550:(1939)
1503:Gannet
1495:Ganges
1480:(1939)
1457:Ferret
1390:Badger
1358:former
1289:Scotia
1241:Ferret
1233:Eaglet
1080:Sultan
1064:Nelson
1009:Jufair
876:Sports
858:Topics
787:People
646:
619:
94:
87:
80:
73:
65:
1449:Dryad
1323:other
1305:Vivid
1217:Ceres
1106:bases
1048:Drake
414:buoys
310:Essex
262:Built
230:Owner
99:JSTOR
85:books
1562:Newt
1546:HMS
1476:HMS
1365:home
1007:HMS
681:2018
644:ISBN
617:ISBN
591:2014
265:1942
217:Type
71:news
54:by
1850::
671:,
658:^
599:^
556:^
544:.
523:.
428:,
334:.
308:,
949:e
942:t
935:v
713:e
706:t
699:v
652:.
625:.
593:.
550:.
121:)
115:(
110:)
106:(
96:·
89:·
82:·
75:·
48:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
