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techniques by combining information from previous research. It is possible to stop the creation of gullies by changing how land is used, conserving water and soil, or implementing specific actions in areas with concentrated flow. Plant leftovers and other vegetation barriers can prevent erosion, although their usefulness is limited. The biophysical environment, terrain, climate, and geomorphology are examples of external elements that affect gully prevention and control.
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requires water-resource management, soil conservation, and community migration. Gully erosion is localized in the
Coastal Plain Sands, Nanka Sands, and Nsukka Sandstone of the Anambra-Imo basin region. The most affected deposits are unconsolidated or poorly consolidated and have short dispersion times. Public education is essential for a sustainable termination strategy, and collaboration between the government, donors, the private sector, and rural people is crucial.
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properties, roads, and walkways was ranked as the least important issue. This implies a notable variation in the average evaluations across impacted individuals, underscoring the necessity for long-term repair approaches. Reducing soil loss, raising public knowledge of environmental issues, passing environmental legislation, and giving residents funds to strengthen their coping mechanisms are all advised by the study.
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viability. As items washed from fields end up in rivers, streams, or vacant land, erosion also contaminates the ecosystem. Because of increased population expansion and increasing land demand, erosion also threatens the natural ecosystem, encroaching on natural forests. Important assets including homes, power poles, and water pipelines are also destroyed.
220:
Water rushing over exposed, naked soil creates gullies and ridges that erode rock and soil. When water rushes across exposed terrain, it erodes or pushes dirt away, creating rills. Gravity causes rift erosion on a downward slope, with steeper slopes generating greater water flow. Sandier terrains are
131:
Gully erosion can progress through a variety and combination of processes. The erosion processes include incision and bank erosion by water flow, mass movement of saturated or unsaturated bank or wall material, groundwater seepage - sapping the overlying material, collapse of soil pipes or tunnels in
246:
One serious environmental problem endangering sustainable development is gully erosion. Gullying prevention and control methods are dispersed and lacking, and they have low success and efficacy rates. This review attempts to make a valuable contribution to effective gully prevention and management
216:
When water is directed over exposed ground, gully erosion removes soil near drainage lines. This may result in divided properties, loss of arable land, diminished amenities, and decreased property values. Additionally, it can lead to sedimentation, discoloration of the water supply, and creating a
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Effective land management techniques can prevent gullies. These techniques include keeping vegetation along drainage lines, using more water, classifying drainage lines as distinct land classes, stabilizing erosion, preventing vermin, distributing runoff evenly, keeping soil organic matter levels
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Water erosion is more likely to occur on steep terrain because of erosive pressures, splashes, scour, and transport. Slope characteristics, such as slope length and amounts proportionate to slope length, affect soil erosion. Relief and soil erosion are positively correlated in southeast
Nigeria.
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Gully initiation results from localized erosion by surface runoff, often focusing on areas where forest cover has been removed for agricultural purposes, uneven compaction of surface soils by foot and wheeled traffic, and poorly designed road culverts and gutters. Termination of gully processes
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In Agulu-Nanka, Southeast
Nigeria, a study examined the geoenvironmental causes driving gully erosion. It focuses on catchment management for gully erosion and geotechnical analysis. Through fieldwork, data was gathered utilizing GIS and GPS methods. According to the study, gully erosion occurs
224:
The factors influencing gully erosion were investigated in Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria, utilizing SRTM data, soil samples, rainfall data, and satellite imagery. The findings indicated that the factors that had the biggest effects on gully erosion were slope (56%) and rainfall (26%), land cover
264:
Eastern
Nigeria's people and ecology are seriously threatened by gully erosion. A research project focused on 370 families and nine risk regions evaluated the region's gully erosion issues. The greatest perceived problem, according to the results, was biodiversity loss. In contrast, damage to
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The effect of gullies in an environment cannot be overemphasized. The loss of fertile farmland due to gully erosion is a severe environmental problem that lowers crop quality and may cause famine and food shortages. It also causes the soil to lose organic content, which has an impact on plant
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Stabilizing gullies entails altering water flow to lessen scouring, sediment buildup, and revegetation. Water can be securely moved from the natural level to the gully floor using a variety of structures, including drop structures, pipe structures, grass chutes, and rock chutes. Structural
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throughout, with Nanka/Oko having the highest concentration. The gully characteristic map shows variations in length and depth, emphasizing the necessity of considering gully vulnerability and giving erosion hazards immediate attention.
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There are three types of topography: mountains, cuesta landscapes, and plains and lowlands. While highlands with stable lithology avoid gullying yet allow for vigorous runoff, uplands with friable sandstones are more prone to erosion.
359:
in the recent geological past, probably resulting from the slight melting of snowpacks on the surface or ice in the shallow subsurface on the warmest days of the
Martian year. Flow as springs from deeper seated liquid water
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modifications can be required along steep gully floors. Vegetation can reestablish itself thanks to sediments deposited over flatter gradients. Until the restoration is finished, damaged areas should be walled off.
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more commonly affected by rills most prevalent during the rainier months. Gullies develop when a rill is neglected for an extended time, thickening and expanding as soil erosion persists.
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and are some of the youngest features observed on that planet, probably forming within the last few 100,000 years. There, they are one of the best lines of evidence for the presence of
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1322:
Costard, F. , Forget, F. , Mangold, N. & Peulvast, J. P. Formation of recent martian debris flows by melting of near-surface ground ice at high obliquity. Science 295, 110–113
140:, or other means. Gullies in rangelands can be initiated by concentrated water flow down tracks worn by livestock or vehicle tracks. The flowing water easily carries the eroded
175:. Gully erosion may also advance laterally through similar methods, including mass movement, acting on the gully walls (banks), and the development of 'branches' (a type of
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and reduce water quality within the drainage system and lake or coastal system. Because of this, much effort is invested into the study of gullies within the scope of
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dispersive soils, or a combination of these to a greater or lesser degree. Hillsides are more prone to gully erosion when they are cleared of vegetation cover through
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89:. Gullies are commonly related to intermittent or ephemeral water flow, usually associated with localised intense or protracted rainfall events or snowmelt.
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Christensen, PR (2003). "Formation of recent martian gullies through melting of extensive water-rich snow deposits.". Nature 422 (6927): 45–8.
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produced large gullies below by erosion of the soft deposits. The effluvium was carefully washed with smaller streams of water to extract the
96:, and they can develop rapidly in rangelands from existing natural erosion forms subject to vegetative cover removal and livestock activity.
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775:
1371:
1609:
1212:"A machine learning-based spatial statistical method for modelling different phases of gully development in South-Eastern Nigeria"
1977:
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in remediation and rehabilitation of gullied landscapes. The total soil loss from gully formation and subsequent downstream
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high, and avoiding over-cultivation. These tactics guarantee uniform rates of penetration and robust plant coverage.
225:(12%), and soil (6%). The investigation concluded that each particular component significantly influenced soil loss.
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2134:
982:"Modeling of potential gully erosion hazard using geo-spatial technology at Garbheta block, West Bengal in India"
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546:- a geographical zone between the sedimentation (downstream) part and the erosion (upstream) part of a river
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Gullies can be formed and accelerated by cultivation practices on hillslopes (often gentle gradients) in
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81:, but are metres to tens of metres in depth and width, are characterized by a distinct 'headscarp' or '
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or other relatively erodible material, typically on a hillside or in river floodplains or terraces.
540: – Shallow channel cut by water – a shallow channel cut into soil by erosion from flowing water
494: – Steep, narrow mountain gully – a narrow gully with a steep gradient in a mountainous terrain
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552: – River valley, especially a dry riverbed that contains water only during times of heavy rain
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in the deeper subsurface is also a possible explanation for the formation of some
Martian gullies.
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2583:
2275:
2040:
1210:
Raji, Saheed
Adekunle; Akintuyi, Akinlabi O.; Wunude, Emmanuel O.; Fashoto, Busayo (2023-07-01).
1070:"Gully Erosion and Landslides in Southeastern Nigeria: Causes, Consequences and Control Measures"
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of the gold-rich alluvium with water supplied by numerous aqueducts tapping nearby rivers. Each
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1155:"Gully erosion susceptibility mapping using artificial intelligence and statistical models"
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506: – Terrain feature formed by two parallel ridges or spurs with low ground in between
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Gullies reduce the productivity of farmlands where they incise into the land and produce
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Shit, Pravat Kumar; Paira, Rumpa; Bhunia, GouriSankar; Maiti, Ramkrishna (2015-05-13).
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The earliest known usage of the term is from 1657. It originates from the French word
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Razavi-Termeh, Seyed Vahid; Sadeghi-Niaraki, Abolghasem; Choi, Soo-Mi (2020-01-01).
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Frankl, Amaury; Nyssen, Jan; Vanmaercke, Matthias; Poesen, Jean (January 2021).
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Frankl, Amaury; Nyssen, Jan; Vanmaercke, Matthias; Poesen, Jean (January 2021).
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Nosko, Radovan; Maliariková, Marcela; Brziak, Adam; Kubáň, Martin (2019-09-01).
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Landform created by running water and/or mass movement eroding sharply into soil
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296:. The remains of such mining methods are very visible landform features in old
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116:. The term may be connected to the name of a type of knife used at the time, a
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1039:"Assessment of Gully Erosion Problems for its Remediation in Eastern Nigeria"
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1258:"osondu.com - This website is for sale! - osondu Resources and Information"
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created by running water, mass movement, or commonly a combination of both
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866:"Gully Erosion, Definition, Causes, Effects And Prevention - Jotscroll"
776:"Gully Erosion, Definition, Causes, Effects And Prevention - Jotscroll"
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892:"Gully prevention and control: Techniques, failures and effectiveness"
802:"Gully prevention and control: Techniques, failures and effectiveness"
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can be substantial, especially from unstable soil materials prone to
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Gullies are widespread at mid-to high latitudes on the surface of
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Gullies can be formed or enlarged by several human activities.
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643:"gully | Etymology, origin and meaning of gully by etymonline"
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2007:
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ANQ: A Quarterly
Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews
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Malin M. C. and Edgett K. S. (2000) Science, 288, 2330–2335.
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752:"Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment"
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Inside the gully (to the left) in
Saratov Oblast, Russia.
955:
Department of Jobs, Precincts and
Regions (2020-06-04).
669:
Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions (2020-06-04).
19:
This article is about the landform. For other uses, see
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Igwe, P. U.; Ajadike, J. C.; Ogbu, S. O. (2023-07-05).
526:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
259:
312:, for example, was created during the Roman period by
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when jets or streams of water are projected onto soft
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after being dislodged from the ground, typically when
518: – Type of gully, formed via groundwater sapping
979:
454:A Gully formed by flood in Isuaniocha community of
954:
668:
605:"A Celtic Etymology for Scots Gully "Large Knife""
696:"Formation of Gully Erosion in the Myjava Region"
534: – Small valley, often due to stream erosion
2616:
1386:
1036:
528:– gully in Scotland or Northern England in rock
1043:Journal of Environmental Management and Safety
512: – Deep V-shaped valley formed by erosion
1372:
126:
476: – Dry watercourse with flow after rain
435:Gully formed from volcanic sedimentation in
1113:https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031662
148:falls during short, intense storms such as
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1365:
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198:, in the prevention of gully erosion, and
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1005:
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524: – Scottish geological water feature
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237:
41:
25:
1978:International scale of river difficulty
488: – Type of valley or drainage zone
2617:
1074:Global Journal of Engineering Sciences
986:Modeling Earth Systems and Environment
602:
482: – Type of heavily eroded terrain
250:
1360:
1068:Nwankwoala, Hycienth O (2019-05-28).
896:Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
806:Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
280:Artificial gullies are formed during
272:
228:
664:
662:
260:Gully remediation in Eastern Nigeria
1159:Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk
700:Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering
155:A gully may grow in length through
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14:
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659:
157:headward (i.e., upstream) erosion
87:headward (i.e., upstream) erosion
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2135:Flooded grasslands and savannas
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603:Breeze, Andrew (January 1999).
163:. This erosion can result from
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1:
1180:10.1080/19475705.2020.1753824
957:"Gully erosion - Agriculture"
671:"Gully erosion - Agriculture"
557:
2301:Universal Soil Loss Equation
2251:Hydrological transport model
2145:Storm Water Management Model
1228:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2023.102101
1087:10.33552/GJES.2019.02.000541
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7:
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2630:Environmental soil science
1805:Antecedent drainage stream
416:(Portuguese for gully) in
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344:
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186:that may choke downstream
127:Formation and consequences
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2541:River valley civilization
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2424:Riparian-zone restoration
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1283:Cite uses generic title (
1007:10.1007/s40808-015-0001-x
621:10.1080/08957699909598048
564:Oxford English Dictionary
2604:Countries without rivers
2579:Rivers by discharge rate
2291:Runoff model (reservoir)
2256:Infiltration (hydrology)
304:and northern Spain. The
2276:River Continuum Concept
2041:Agricultural wastewater
583:www.merriam-webster.com
108:, a diminutive form of
73:Gullies resemble large
2599:River name etymologies
2526:Hydraulic civilization
2384:Floodplain restoration
2160:Point source pollution
1935:Sedimentary structures
1216:Ecological Informatics
721:10.2478/sjce-2019-0023
332:Termination of gullies
51:
39:
21:Gully (disambiguation)
2211:Discharge (hydrology)
2173:Industrial wastewater
1654:Sedimentary processes
579:"Definition of GULLY"
238:Prevention of gullies
46:Gullied landscape in
45:
29:
2316:Volumetric flow rate
1900:Riffle-pool sequence
1353:at Wikimedia Commons
961:Agriculture Victoria
675:Agriculture Victoria
474:Arroyo (watercourse)
357:liquid water on Mars
2490:Whitewater kayaking
2485:Whitewater canoeing
2286:Runoff curve number
2130:Flood pulse concept
1303:10.1038/nature01436
1171:2020GNHR...11..821R
998:2015MESE....1....2S
908:2021ESPL...46..220F
818:2021ESPL...46..220F
712:2019SJCE...27c..63N
500: – Open valley
251:Stabilising gullies
217:haven for rodents.
2625:Canyons and gorges
2516:Aquatic toxicology
2429:Stream restoration
2394:Infiltration basin
2246:Hydrological model
1762:Sediment transport
1585:Estavelle/Inversac
1463:Subterranean river
1110:bibliotekanauki.pl
647:www.etymonline.com
273:Artificial gullies
229:Effects of gullies
85:' and progress by
52:
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2640:Fluvial landforms
2635:Erosion landforms
2612:
2611:
2589:Whitewater rivers
2495:Whitewater slalom
2326:River engineering
2226:Groundwater model
2187:River measurement
2115:Flood forecasting
1930:Sedimentary basin
1787:Fluvial landforms
1692:Bed material load
1468:River bifurcation
1349:Media related to
1134:Missing or empty
870:www.jotscroll.com
780:www.jotscroll.com
286:alluvial deposits
167:and soil piping (
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2574:Rivers by length
2409:River morphology
2311:Wetted perimeter
2216:Drainage density
1727:Headward erosion
1556:Perennial stream
1428:Blackwater river
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282:hydraulic mining
169:internal erosion
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2369:Detention basin
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2098:Non-water flood
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1973:Helicoidal flow
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1855:Floating island
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1546:Stream gradient
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5:
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2663:
2662:
2657:
2655:Soil landforms
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:Stone skipping
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2359:Drop structure
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2339:Balancing lake
2336:
2330:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2266:Playfair's law
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2221:Exner equation
2218:
2213:
2208:
2206:Bradshaw model
2203:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2093:Urban flooding
2085:
2080:
2078:Crevasse splay
2075:
2073:100-year flood
2069:
2067:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2033:Surface runoff
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2013:Stream capture
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1969:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1925:Rock-cut basin
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:Suspended load
1764:
1759:
1757:Secondary flow
1754:
1749:
1747:Retrogradation
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1712:Dissolved load
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1644:Spring horizon
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Mineral spring
1626:
1625:
1624:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1610:list in the US
1607:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1581:
1579:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1536:Stream channel
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1497:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1458:Drainage basin
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1418:Alluvial river
1414:
1412:
1400:
1399:
1384:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1340:
1339:External links
1337:
1334:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1290:
1262:www.osondu.com
1249:
1202:
1165:(1): 821–844.
1145:
1101:
1060:
1029:
972:
947:
902:(1): 220–238.
882:
857:
812:(1): 220–238.
792:
767:
743:
686:
658:
634:
595:
569:
568:
567:
566:
559:
556:
554:
553:
547:
541:
535:
529:
519:
513:
507:
504:Draw (terrain)
501:
495:
489:
483:
477:
470:
468:
465:
464:
463:
453:
446:
444:
434:
427:
425:
412:
405:
403:
400:
393:
391:
383:Saratov Oblast
380:
373:
369:
366:
345:Main article:
342:
339:
333:
330:
274:
271:
261:
258:
252:
249:
239:
236:
230:
227:
173:surface runoff
128:
125:
101:
98:
32:Kharkiv oblast
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2672:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2556:Surface water
2554:
2552:
2551:Sacred waters
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Riparian zone
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Body of water
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2470:Riverboarding
2468:
2466:
2465:River surfing
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
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2432:
2430:
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2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2189:and modelling
2185:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2150:Return period
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:Flood control
2108:
2106:
2105:Flood barrier
2103:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
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1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
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1828:
1826:
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1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1737:Palaeochannel
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:Granular flow
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
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1471:
1469:
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1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1443:Channel types
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1423:Braided river
1421:
1419:
1416:
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1397:
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1128:
1114:
1111:
1105:
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1079:
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1064:
1056:
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1048:
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1033:
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1021:
1017:
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1003:
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987:
983:
976:
962:
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943:
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926:
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917:
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871:
867:
861:
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849:
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841:
836:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
796:
781:
777:
771:
757:
756:www.ajol.info
753:
747:
739:
735:
731:
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709:
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523:
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514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
471:
461:
457:
456:Anambra State
450:
445:
442:
438:
431:
426:
423:
419:
415:
409:
404:
397:
392:
388:
384:
377:
372:
371:
365:
363:
358:
354:
348:
338:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
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299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
278:
270:
266:
257:
248:
244:
235:
226:
222:
218:
214:
212:
208:
207:sedimentation
205:
201:
197:
193:
192:geomorphology
189:
185:
180:
178:
174:
171:) as well as
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
151:
150:thunderstorms
147:
143:
139:
135:
134:deforestation
124:
120:
119:
115:
111:
107:
97:
95:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
71:
69:
66:sharply into
65:
61:
57:
49:
44:
37:
33:
28:
22:
2650:Soil erosion
2594:Flash floods
2546:River cruise
2443:River sports
2296:Stream gauge
2281:Rouse number
2271:Relief ratio
2120:Flood-meadow
2051:Urban runoff
1965:Fluvial flow
1950:River valley
1920:River island
1885:Meander scar
1874:
1800:Alluvial fan
1742:Progradation
1617:Karst spring
1561:Winterbourne
1516:Chalk stream
1478:River source
1453:Distributary
1327:
1318:
1293:
1265:. Retrieved
1261:
1252:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1162:
1158:
1148:
1136:|title=
1116:. Retrieved
1109:
1104:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1046:
1042:
1032:
989:
985:
975:
964:. Retrieved
960:
950:
899:
895:
885:
874:. Retrieved
872:. 2020-04-29
869:
860:
809:
805:
795:
784:. Retrieved
782:. 2020-04-29
779:
770:
759:. Retrieved
755:
746:
706:(3): 63–72.
703:
699:
689:
678:. Retrieved
674:
650:. Retrieved
646:
637:
612:
608:
598:
587:. Retrieved
585:. 2023-10-21
582:
573:
563:
413:
350:
335:
279:
276:
267:
263:
254:
245:
241:
232:
223:
219:
215:
196:soil science
181:
154:
138:over-grazing
130:
121:
118:gully-knife.
117:
113:
112:which means
109:
105:
103:
91:
72:
55:
53:
2455:Fly fishing
2379:Fish ladder
2364:Daylighting
2083:Flash flood
2046:First flush
1993:Plunge pool
1717:Downcutting
1702:Debris flow
1677:Aggradation
1551:Stream pool
381:A gully in
310:Las Medulas
300:such as in
288:to extract
188:waterbodies
161:knick point
30:A gully in
2619:Categories
2561:Wild river
2241:Hydrograph
2231:Hack's law
2196:Baer's law
2140:Inundation
2125:Floodplain
2065:stormwater
2023:Whitewater
1895:Oxbow lake
1732:Knickpoint
1707:Deposition
1600:Hot spring
1541:Streamflow
1531:Stream bed
1448:Confluence
1267:2023-10-22
1222:: 102101.
1118:2023-10-23
992:(1–2): 2.
966:2023-10-23
876:2023-10-23
786:2023-10-23
761:2023-10-22
680:2023-10-22
652:2023-10-22
615:(2): 5–6.
589:2023-10-22
558:References
302:California
298:goldfields
211:dispersion
2531:Limnology
2480:Triathlon
2450:Canyoning
2419:Revetment
2349:Check dam
2261:Main stem
2018:Waterfall
1905:Point bar
1890:Mouth bar
1830:Billabong
1777:Water gap
1772:Wash load
1752:Saltation
1672:Anabranch
1595:Holy well
1483:Tributary
1244:258089564
1236:1574-9541
1197:219070139
1189:1947-5705
1096:198419282
1055:2141-1824
1049:(2): 17.
1024:130635566
1016:2363-6211
942:228807598
934:0197-9337
852:228807598
844:0197-9337
738:203849080
730:1338-3973
629:0895-769X
441:Indonesia
437:West Java
177:tributary
165:interflow
100:Etymology
77:or small
2334:Aqueduct
2201:Baseflow
2168:Effluent
1845:Cut bank
1810:Avulsion
1687:Bed load
1667:Abrasion
1311:12594459
1276:cite web
1127:cite web
480:Badlands
467:See also
414:Voçoroca
362:aquifers
322:aqueduct
306:badlands
184:sediment
146:rainfall
94:farmland
83:headwall
60:landform
2660:Valleys
2511:Aquifer
2504:Related
2460:Rafting
1988:Meander
1983:Log jam
1945:Thalweg
1850:Estuary
1722:Erosion
1659:erosion
1571:Springs
1526:Current
1493:Streams
1433:Channel
1396:springs
1392:streams
1167:Bibcode
994:Bibcode
904:Bibcode
814:Bibcode
708:Bibcode
492:Couloir
460:Nigeria
368:Gallery
341:On Mars
326:nuggets
314:hushing
294:tin ore
79:valleys
75:ditches
64:eroding
48:Somalia
36:Ukraine
2306:WAFLEX
2178:Sewage
2061:Floods
2003:Riffle
1998:Rapids
1940:Strath
1910:Ravine
1835:Canyon
1590:Geyser
1521:Coulee
1506:Bourne
1501:Arroyo
1404:Rivers
1388:Rivers
1309:
1242:
1234:
1195:
1187:
1094:
1053:
1022:
1014:
940:
932:
850:
842:
736:
728:
627:
532:Ravine
516:Lavaka
486:Coulee
422:Brasil
387:Russia
114:throat
106:goulet
2404:Levee
2389:Flume
2344:Canal
2088:Flood
2008:Shoal
1875:Gully
1870:Gulch
1840:Chine
1825:Bayou
1682:Armor
1634:Ponor
1409:lists
1351:Gully
1240:S2CID
1193:S2CID
1092:S2CID
1080:(4).
1020:S2CID
938:S2CID
848:S2CID
734:S2CID
510:Gulch
418:Avaré
204:river
159:at a
110:goule
58:is a
56:gully
2434:Weir
2399:Leat
2063:and
1955:Wadi
1915:Rill
1880:Glen
1865:Gill
1815:Bank
1657:and
1622:list
1605:list
1576:list
1511:Burn
1394:and
1307:PMID
1285:help
1232:ISSN
1185:ISSN
1140:help
1051:ISSN
1012:ISSN
930:ISSN
840:ISSN
726:ISSN
625:ISSN
550:Wadi
538:Rill
353:Mars
290:gold
194:and
142:soil
68:soil
2354:Dam
1820:Bar
1795:Ait
1299:doi
1224:doi
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