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he becomes ashamed of humans and views them more in line with animals. This new perception of
Gulliver's, Stone claims, comes about because the Houyhnhnms' judgement pushes Gulliver to identify with the Yahoos. Along similar lines, Crane holds that Gulliver's misanthropy is developed in part when he talks to the Houyhnhnms about mankind because the discussions lead him to reflect on his previously held notion of humanity. Specifically, Gulliver’s master, who is a Houyhnhnm, provides questions and commentary that contribute to Gulliver’s reflectiveness and subsequent development of misanthropy. However, Case points out that Gulliver's dwindling opinion of humans may be blown out of proportion due to the fact that he is no longer able to see the good qualities that humans are capable of possessing. Gulliver’s new view of humanity, then, creates his repulsive attitude towards his fellow humans after leaving Houyhnhnmland. But in Stone's view, Gulliver’s actions and attitude upon his return can be interpreted as misanthropy that is exaggerated for comic effect rather than for a cynical effect. Stone further suggests that Gulliver goes mentally mad and believes that this is what leads Gulliver to exaggerate the shortcomings of humankind.
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From this playing off of familiar genre expectations, Stone deduces that the parallels that Swift draws between the Yahoos and humans is meant to be humorous rather than cynical. Even though
Gulliver sees Yahoos and humans as if they are one and the same, Stone argues that Swift did not intend for readers to take on Gulliver’s view; Stone states that the Yahoos' behaviors and characteristics that set them apart from humans further supports the notion that Gulliver's identification with Yahoos is not meant to be taken to heart. Thus, Stone sees Gulliver’s perceived superiority of the Houyhnhnms and subsequent misanthropy as features that Swift used to employ the satirical and humorous elements characteristic of the Beast Fables of travel books that were popular with his contemporaries; as Swift did, these Beast Fables placed animals above humans in terms of morals and reason, but they were not meant to be taken literally.
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questions raised by the emotional designation 'slavery.' The misery of the Irish in the early eighteenth century shocked Swift and all others who witnessed it; the hopeless passivity of the people in this desolate land made it seem as if both the minds and bodies of the Irish were enslaved." Kelly goes on to write: "Throughout the Irish tracts and poems, Swift continually vacillates as to whether the Irish are servile because of some defect within their character or whether their sordid condition is the result of a calculated policy from without to reduce them to brutishness. Although no one has done so, similar questions could be asked about the Yahoos, who are slaves to the
Houyhnhnms." However, Kelly does not suggest a wholesale equivalence between Irish and Yahoos, which would be reductive and omit the various other layers of satire at work in this section.
1080:, a friend of Swift and one of the first critics of the book, criticised the author for his overt use of misanthropy. Other negative responses to the book also looked towards its portrayal of humanity, which was considered inaccurate. Swifts’s peers rejected the book on claims that its themes of misanthropy were harmful and offensive. They criticized its satire for exceeding what was deemed acceptable and appropriate, including the Houyhnhnms and Yahoos’s similarities to humans. There was also controversy surrounding the political allegories. Readers enjoyed the political references, finding them humorous. However, members of the Whig party were offended, believing that Swift mocked their politics.
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1027:." According to Treadwell, however, these implications extend beyond the speculators of the South Sea Bubble to include the many projectors of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century England, including Swift himself. Not only is Swift satirizing the role of the projector in contemporary English politics, which he dabbled in during his younger years, but the role of the satirist, whose goals align with that of a projector: "The less obvious corollary of that word is that it must include the poor deluded satirist himself, since satire is, in its very essence, the wildest of all projects - a scheme to reform the world."
1003:. Some critics contend that Gulliver is a target of Swift's satire and that Don Pedro represents an ideal of human kindness and generosity. Gulliver believes humans are similar to Yahoos in the sense that they make "no other use of reason, than to improve and multiply ... vices". Captain Pedro provides a contrast to Gulliver's reasoning, proving humans are able to reason, be kind, and most of all: civilized. Gulliver sees the bleak fallenness at the center of human nature, and Don Pedro is merely a minor character who, in Gulliver's words, is "an Animal which had some little Portion of Reason".
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phials hermetically sealed, and let out to warm the air in raw inclement summers. He told me, he did not doubt, that, in eight years more, he should be able to supply the governor’s gardens with sunshine, at a reasonable rate: but he complained that his stock was low, and entreated me "to give him something as an encouragement to ingenuity, especially since this had been a very dear season for cucumbers". I made him a small present, for my lord had furnished me with money on purpose, because he knew their practice of begging from all who go to see them.
1207:. The terms derive from one of the satirical conflicts in the book, in which two religious sects of Lilliputians are divided between those who crack open their soft-boiled eggs from the little end, the "Little-endians", and those who use the big end, the "Big-endians". The nomenclature was chosen as an irony, since the choice of which byte-order method to use is technically trivial (both are equally good), but actually still important: systems which do it one way are thus incompatible with those that do it the other way, and so it
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of the
Houyhnhnms rules that Gulliver, a Yahoo with some semblance of reason, is a danger to their civilization and commands him to swim back to the land that he came from. Gulliver's "Master", the Houyhnhnm who took him into his household, buys him time to create a canoe to make his departure easier. After another disastrous voyage, he is rescued against his will by a Portuguese ship. He is disgusted to see that Captain Pedro de Mendez, whom he considers a Yahoo, is a wise, courteous, and generous person.
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619:. As revealed in Faulkner's "Advertisement to the Reader", Faulkner had access to an annotated copy of Motte's work by "a friend of the author" (generally believed to be Swift's friend Charles Ford) which reproduced most of the manuscript without Motte's amendments, the original manuscript having been destroyed. It is also believed that Swift at least reviewed proofs of Faulkner's edition before printing, but this cannot be proved. Generally, this is regarded as the
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rift within that nation. They are a people who revel in displays of authority and performances of power. Gulliver assists the
Lilliputians to subdue their neighbours the Blefuscudians by stealing their fleet. However, he refuses to reduce the island nation of Blefuscu to a province of Lilliput, displeasing the King and the royal court.
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Swift's time. She talks about how this instrument of science was transitioned to something toy-like and accessible, so it shifted into something that women favored, and thus men lost interest. This is similar to the progression of
Gulliver's time in Brobdingnag, from man of science to women's plaything.
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exhibiting
Gulliver) is taken into the queen's service to take care of the tiny man. Since Gulliver is too small to use their huge chairs, beds, knives and forks, the queen commissions a small house to be built for him so that he can be carried around in it; this is referred to as his "travelling box".
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keeping him contained for some time, they resolve to leave him on the first piece of land they come across, and continue as pirates. He is abandoned in a landing boat and comes upon a race of deformed savage humanoid creatures to which he conceives a violent antipathy. Shortly afterwards, he meets the
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Part I is probably responsible for the greatest number of political allusions. One of the most commonly noted parallels is that the wars between
Lilliput and Blefuscu resemble those between England and France. The enmity between the low heels and the high heels is often interpreted as a parody of the
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Another aspect that Crane attributes to
Gulliver’s development of misanthropy is that when in Houyhnhnmland, it is the animal-like beings (the Houyhnhnms) who exhibit reason and the human-like beings (the Yahoos) who seem devoid of reason; Crane argues that it is this switch from Gulliver’s perceived
659:'s poor-quality copper currency. Faulkner had omitted this passage, either because of political sensitivities raised by an Irish publisher printing an anti-British satire, or possibly because the text he worked from did not include the passage. In 1899 the passage was included in a new edition of the
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takes a cue from the genre of the travel book, which was popular during Swift's time period. From reading travel books, Swift’s contemporaries were accustomed to beast-like figures of foreign places; thus, Stone holds that the creation of the Yahoos was not out of the ordinary for the time period.
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superior, he comes to believe that humans (including his fellow
Europeans) are Yahoos due to their shortcomings. Perceiving the Houyhnhnms as perfect, Gulliver thus begins to perceive himself and the rest of humanity as imperfect. According to Crane, when Gulliver develops his misanthropic mindset,
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Gulliver becomes a member of a horse's household and comes to both admire and emulate the Houyhnhnms and their way of life, rejecting his fellow humans as merely Yahoos endowed with some semblance of reason which they only use to exacerbate and add to the vices Nature gave them. However, an Assembly
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farmer brings Gulliver home, and his daughter Glumdalclitch cares for Gulliver. The farmer treats him as a curiosity and exhibits him for money. After a while the constant display makes Gulliver sick, and the farmer sells him to the queen of the realm. Glumdalclitch (who accompanied her father while
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At first, the Lilliputians are hospitable to Gulliver, but they are also wary of the threat that his size poses to them. The Lilliputians reveal themselves to be a people who put great emphasis on trivial matters. For example, which end of an egg a person cracks becomes the basis of a deep political
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commended Swift’s work for its "truth" regarding the narration and claims that "the statesman, the philosopher, and the critick, will admire his keenness of satire, energy of description, and vivacity of language", noting that even children can enjoy the novel. As popularity increased, critics came
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The book was very popular upon release and was commonly discussed within social circles. Public reception widely varied, with the book receiving an initially enthusiastic reaction with readers praising its satire, and some reporting that the satire's cleverness sounded like a realistic account of a
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Swift has Gulliver frequently invoke the sensory (as opposed to reflective) word "nauseous" to describe this and other magnified images in Brobdingnag not only to reveal the neurotic depths of Gulliver's misogyny, but also to show how male nausea can be used as a pathetic countermeasure against the
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Nussbaum goes on to say in her analysis of the misogyny of the stories that in the adventures, particularly in the first story, the satire is not singularly focused on satirizing women, but to satirize Gulliver himself as a politically naive and inept giant whose masculine authority comically seems
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Despite his earlier intention of remaining at home, Gulliver returns to sea as the captain of a merchantman, as he is bored with his employment as a surgeon. On this voyage, he is forced to find new additions to his crew who, he believes, have turned against him. His crew then commits mutiny. After
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Between small adventures such as fighting giant wasps and being carried to the roof by a monkey, he discusses the state of Europe with the King of Brobdingnag. The king is not happy with Gulliver's accounts of Europe, especially upon learning of the use of guns and cannon. On a trip to the seaside,
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Gulliver is charged with treason for, among other crimes, urinating in the capital though he was putting out a fire. He is convicted and sentenced to be blinded. With the assistance of a kind friend, "a considerable person at court", he escapes to Blefuscu. Here, he spots and retrieves an abandoned
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proposes the idea that "Gulliver himself is a gendered object of satire, and his antifeminist sentiments may be among those mocked". Gulliver’s own masculinity is often mocked, seen in how he is made to be a coward among the Brobdingnag people, repressed by the people of Lilliput, and viewed as an
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and the Yahoo-Houyhnhnm relationship as an allusion to that of the Irish and the British: "The term that Swift uses to describe the oppression in both Ireland and Houyhnhnmland is 'slavery'; this is not an accidental word choice, for Swift was well aware of the complicated moral and philosophical
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No form of government is ideal—the simplistic Brobdingnagians enjoy public executions and have streets infested with beggars, the honest and upright Houyhnhnms who have no word for lying are happy to suppress the true nature of Gulliver as a Yahoo and are equally unconcerned about his reaction to
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The first man I saw was of a meagre aspect, with sooty hands and face, his hair and beard long, ragged, and singed in several places. His clothes, shirt, and skin, were all of the same colour. He has been eight years upon a project for extracting sunbeams out of cucumbers, which were to be put in
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in Balnibarbi, great resources and manpower are employed on researching preposterous schemes such as extracting sunbeams from cucumbers, softening marble for use in pillows, learning how to mix paint by smell, and uncovering political conspiracies by examining the excrement of suspicious persons.
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Locations visited by Gulliver, according to Arthur Ellicott Case. Case contends that the maps in the published text were drawn by someone who did not follow Swift's geographical descriptions; to correct this, he makes changes such as placing Lilliput to the east of Australia instead of the west.
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This commentary of Deborah Needleman Armintor relies upon the way that the giant women do with Gulliver as they please, in much the same way as one might play with a toy, and get it to do everything one can think of. Armintor's comparison focuses on the pocket microscopes that were popular in
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with the aim of satirising popular literary genres. According to these accounts, Swift was charged with writing the memoirs of the club's imaginary author, Martinus Scriblerus, and also with satirising the "travellers' tales" literary subgenre. It is known from Swift's correspondence that the
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996:, his plan is "to discover some small Island uninhabited" where he can live in solitude. Instead, he is picked up by Don Pedro's crew. Despite Gulliver's appearance—he is dressed in skins and speaks like a horse—Don Pedro treats him compassionately and returns him to Lisbon.
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Each part is the reverse of the preceding part—Gulliver is big/small/wise/ignorant, the countries are complex/simple/scientific/natural, and Gulliver perceives the forms of government as worse/better/worse/better than Britain's (although Swift's opinions on this matter are
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Specific individuals may be good even where the race is bad—Gulliver finds a friend in each of his travels and, despite Gulliver's rejection and horror toward all Yahoos, is treated very well by the Portuguese captain, Don Pedro, who returns him to England at the book's
273:. After giving assurances of his good behaviour, he is given a residence in Lilliput and becomes a favourite of the Lilliput Royal Court. He is also given permission by the King of Lilliput to go around the city on the condition that he must not hurt their subjects.
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in the contrasting part—Gulliver sees the tiny Lilliputians as being vicious and unscrupulous, and then the king of Brobdingnag sees Europe in exactly the same light; Gulliver sees the Laputians as unreasonable, and his Houyhnhnm master sees humanity as equally
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I must confess no Object ever disgusted me so much as the Sight of her monstrous Breast, which I cannot tell what to compare with, so as to give the curious Reader an Idea of its Bulk, Shape, and Colour.... This made me reflect upon the fair Skins of our
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in this work, many scholars believe Gulliver's blatant misogyny to be intentional, and that Swift uses satire to openly mock misogyny throughout the book. One of the most cited examples of this comes from Gulliver's description of a Brobdingnagian woman:
802:' radical political philosophy and for this reason Gulliver repeatedly encounters established societies rather than desolate islands. The captain who invites Gulliver to serve as a surgeon aboard his ship on the disastrous third voyage is named Robinson.
549:, who used five printing houses to speed production and avoid piracy. Motte, recognising a best-seller but fearing prosecution, cut or altered the worst offending passages (such as the descriptions of the court contests in Lilliput and the rebellion of
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He returns to his home in England, but is unable to reconcile himself to living among "Yahoos" and becomes a recluse, remaining in his house, avoiding his family and his wife, and spending several hours a day speaking with the horses in his stables.
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has entered many languages as an adjective meaning "small and delicate". There is a brand of small cigar called Lilliput, and a series of collectable model houses known as "Lilliput Lane". The smallest light bulb fitting (5 mm diameter) in the
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which is southwest of Balnibarbi. On Glubbdubdrib, he visits a magician's dwelling and discusses history with the ghosts of historical figures, the most obvious restatement of the "ancients versus moderns" theme in the book. The ghosts include
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asserts that Swift's lampooning of the experiments of Laputa is the first questioning by a modern liberal democrat of the effects and cost on a society which embraces and celebrates policies pursuing scientific progress. Swift wrote:
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wrote a Gulliver Suite for 2 violins without bass between 1728 and 1729. It includes a "Lilliputian" chaconne, a "Brobigdinian" gigue as well as a Loure of the "well-mannered houyhnhnms" combined with a Fury of the "naughty yahoos".
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Another criticism of Swift's use of misogyny delves into Gulliver's repeated use of the word 'nauseous', and the way that Gulliver is fighting his emasculation by commenting on how he thinks the women of Brobdingnag are disgusting.
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in 1705) were swiftly produced. These were mostly printed anonymously (or occasionally pseudonymously) and were quickly forgotten. Swift had nothing to do with them and disavowed them in Faulkner's edition of 1735. Swift's friend
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Gulliver's attitude hardens as the book progresses—he is genuinely surprised by the viciousness and politicking of the Lilliputians but finds the behaviour of the Yahoos in the fourth part reflective of the behaviour of
369:, a kingdom devoted to the arts of music, mathematics, and astronomy but unable to use them for practical ends. Rather than using armies, Laputa has a custom of throwing rocks down at rebellious cities on the ground.
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norm that leads the way for him to question his view of humanity. As a result, Gulliver begins to identify humans as a type of Yahoo. To this point, Crane brings up the fact that a traditional definition of man—
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perceived threat of female consumption. Swift has Gulliver associate these magnified acts of female consumption with the act of "throwing-up"—the opposite of and antidote to the act of gastronomic consumption.
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is blown off course by storms and forced to sail for land in search of fresh water, Gulliver is abandoned by his companions and left on a peninsula on the western coast of the North American continent.
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376:, the kingdom ruled from Laputa, as the guest of a low-ranking courtier and sees the ruin brought about by the blind pursuit of science without practical results, in a satire on bureaucracy and on the
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described Swift's work as "blasphemous", saying its critical view of mankind was ludicrous and overly harsh. He concluded that he could not understand the origins of Swift’s critiques on humanity.
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Gulliver refers in passing to his visit to Tribnia (that is, Britain), called by some Langden (that is, England), where the main occupations are plotting and informing. Gulliver is then taken to
1665:. Edited by Albert J. Rivero. Based on the 1726 text, with some adopted emendations from later corrections and editions. Also includes a selection of contextual material, letters, and criticism.
1023:, which Swift was openly critical of. Furthermore, "A. E. Case, acting on a tipoff offered by the word 'projectors,' found to be the hiding place of many of those speculators implicated in the
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satire, it is likely that Swift had the manuscript copied so that his handwriting could not be used as evidence if a prosecution should arise, as had happened in the case of some of his Irish
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composition proper began in 1720 with the mirror-themed Parts I and II written first, Part IV next in 1723 and Part III written in 1724; but amendments were made even while Swift was writing
973:) in college, so it is highly likely that he intentionally inverted this logic by placing the typically given example of irrational beings—horses—in the place of humans and vice versa.
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argues that Swift was concerned to refute the notion that the individual precedes society, as Defoe's work seems to suggest. Swift regarded such thought as a dangerous endorsement of
1234:, published 1727, which expands the account of Gulliver's stays in Lilliput and Blefuscu by adding several gossipy anecdotes about scandalous episodes at the Lilliputian court. Abbé
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claims that "making sense out of the words and phrases introduced by Swift...is a waste of time," and these words were invented nonsense. However, Irving Rothman, a professor at
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The causes of Gulliver's misadventures become more malignant as time goes on—he is first shipwrecked, then abandoned, then attacked by strangers, then attacked by his own crew.
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Part I includes examples of the Lilliputian language, including a paragraph for which Gulliver provides a translation. In his annotated edition of the book published in 1980,
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During his first voyage, Gulliver is washed ashore after a shipwreck and finds himself a prisoner of a race of tiny people less than 6 inches (15 cm) tall, much like the
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In terms of Gulliver's development of misanthropy, these three scholars point to the fourth voyage. According to Case, Gulliver is at first averse to identifying with the
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Gulliver's travels : complete, authoritative text with biographical and historical contexts, critical history, and essays from five contemporary critical perspectives
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Gulliver's travels : complete, authoritative text with biographical and historical contexts, critical history, and essays from five contemporary critical perspectives
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1596:. Edited with an introduction and notes by Robert DeMaria Jr. The copytext is based on the 1726 edition with emendations and additions from later texts and manuscripts.
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is as tall as a tree. He is then found by a farmer who is about 72 ft (22 m) tall, judging from Gulliver estimating the man's step being 10 yards (9 m). The
1242:(The New Gulliver, or the travels of John Gulliver, son of Captain Lemuel Gulliver), published in 1730. Gulliver's son has various fantastic, satirical adventures.
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434:, people who are immortal. They do not have the gift of eternal youth, but suffer the infirmities of old age and are considered legally dead at the age of eighty.
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It has been pointed out that the long and vicious war which started after a disagreement about which was the best end to break an egg is an example of the
553:), added some material in defence of Queen Anne to Part II, and published it. The first edition was released in two volumes on 28 October 1726, priced at 8
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his traveling box is seized by a giant eagle which drops Gulliver and his box into the sea where he is picked up by sailors who return him to England.
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This open critique towards aspects of the female body is something that Swift often brings up in other works of his, particularly in poems such as
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Ladies, who appear so beautiful to us, only because they are of our own Size, and their Defects not to be seen but through a magnifying glass....
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in 1968. Gary Gulliver and his dog Tag are pursued by a ship's captain; he is aided by Lilliputians Bunko, Eager, Glum, Flirtatia, and King Pomp.
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Though Don Pedro appears only briefly, he has become an important figure in the debate between so-called soft school and hard school readers of
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Setting out again, Gulliver's ship is attacked by pirates, and he is marooned close to a desolate rocky island near India. He is rescued by the
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and many other poetic and prose works. Also included is a selection of contextual material, and criticism from Orwell to Rawson. The text of
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A possible reason for the book's classic status is that it can be seen as many things to many people. Broadly, the book has three themes:
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1630:. Edited with an introduction by Claude Rawson and notes by Ian Higgins. This title contains the major works of Swift in full, including
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Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. In Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of Several Ships
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Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. In Four Parts. By Lemuel Gulliver, First a Surgeon, and then a Captain of Several Ships
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boat and sails out to be rescued by a passing ship, which safely takes him back home with some Lilliputian animals he carries with him.
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is the name of the Portuguese captain who rescues Gulliver in Book IV. When Gulliver is forced to leave the Island of the
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Two Lilliputian Odes, The first on the Famous Engine With Which Captain Gulliver extinguish'd the Palace Fire...
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It became known for its insightful take on morality, expanding its reputation beyond just humorous satire.
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listed below with expanded notes and an introduction, although it lacks the selection of criticism.
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Crane, R.S. (1968). "The Houyhnhnms, the Yahoos, and the History of Ideas". In Frank Brady (ed.).
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Whigs and Tories, and the character referred to as Flimnap is often interpreted as an allusion to
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A restatement of the older "ancients versus moderns" controversy previously addressed by Swift in
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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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that Lindalino is generally taken to be Dublin, being composed of double "L-I-N"s; hence, Dublin.
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Kelly, Ann Cline (October 1976). "Swift's Explorations of Slavery in Houyhnhnmland and Ireland".
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Stone, Edward (1961). "Swift and the Horses: Misanthropy or Comedy?". In Milton P. Foster (ed.).
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Clifford, James (1974) "Gulliver's Fourth Voyage: 'hard' and 'soft' Schools of Interpretation".
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The traces of Swift's work can be found in the work of some modern science fiction writers.
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be left to each individual designer's choice, resulting in a "holy war" over a triviality.
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may be read as a systematic rebuttal of Defoe's optimistic account of human capability. In
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Lemuel Gulliver's Travels into Several Remote Regions of the World Compendiously Methodiz'd
525:
514:, whilst Swift stayed there.) Some sources suggest as early as 1713 when Swift, Gay, Pope,
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it is defined as "a rude, noisy, or violent person" and its origins attributed to Swift's
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Kelly, Ann Cline (1976). "Swift's Explorations of Slavery in Houyhnhnmland and Ireland".
1306:
1235:
1109:
2290:
Harth, Phillip (May 1976). "The Problem of Political Allegory in "Gulliver's Travels"".
2225:
Twentieth Century Interpretations of Gulliver's Travels: A Collection of Critical Essays
2149:
Armintor, Deborah Needleman (2007). "The Sexual Politics of Microscopy in Brobdingnag".
641:
The five-paragraph episode in Part III, telling of the rebellion of the surface city of
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takes place on a planet where intelligent "horses" dominate wild Yahoo-like humanoids.
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describes a flying island which dominates the lands underneath, and a large portion of
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An inquiry into whether people are inherently corrupt or whether they become corrupted
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2028:
Rogers, Katharine M. (1959). "'My Female Friends': The Misogyny of Jonathan Swift".
969:'s time. Furthermore, Crane argues that Swift had to study this type of logic (see
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and aired in 4 parts; concertrating on the "Lilliput" section, the serial featured
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In Part III, the grand Academy of Lagado in Balnibarbi resembles and satirizes the
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Le Nouveau Gulliver ou Voyages de Jean Gulliver, fils du capitaine Lemuel Gulliver
773:, a children's story, proto-science fiction and a forerunner of the modern novel.
568:
anonymously, and as was often the way with fashionable works, several follow-ups (
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208:" literary subgenre. It is Swift's best-known full-length work and a classic of
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The Reasons that Induced Dr. S. to Write a Poem Call'd the Lady's Dressing Room
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While waiting for a passage, Gulliver takes a short side-trip to the island of
389:, the main port of Balnibarbi, to await a trader who can take him on to Japan.
201:
107:
65:
2599:"Le nouveau Gulliver: ou, Voyage de Jean Gulliver, fils du capitaine Gulliver"
2439:
Wiener, Gary, ed. (2000). "The Enthusiastic Reception of Gulliver's Travels".
2398:“The Lilliputians in Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels may have been speaking Hebrew”
245:
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remarked, "It is universally read, from the cabinet council to the nursery."
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2423:“Gulliver's Travels’ ‘nonsense’ language is based on Hebrew, claims scholar”
2121:
2074:
1133:
series is called the "Lilliput Edison screw". In Dutch and Czech, the words
792:
The Unthinkable Swift: The Spontaneous Philosophy of a Church of England Man
4602:
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2627:"BBC Radio 4 - Jonathan Swift - Gulliver's Travels, 3 The Voyage to Laputa"
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l'abbé), Desfontaines (Pierre-François Guyot, M.; Swift, Jonathan (1730).
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Part III: A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib and Japan
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Ehrenpreis, Irvin (December 1957). "The Origins of Gulliver's Travels".
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The standard edition of Jonathan Swift's prose works as of 2005 is the
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853:
755:
430:
373:
342:
Gulliver discovers Laputa, the floating/flying island (illustration by
173:
2376:
2328:
Treadwell, J. M. (1975). "Jonathan Swift: The Satirist as Projector".
1912:
1869:
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against the flying island of Laputa, was an allegory of the affair of
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and the impositions of Laputa represented the British imposition of
629:
with one small exception. This edition had an added piece by Swift,
445:"to excuse my performing the ceremony imposed upon my countrymen of
48:
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2472:"The Reputation of 'Gulliver’s Travels' in the Eighteenth Century"
452:
257:
gives a brief outline of his life and history before his voyages.
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3379:
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2567:
Pathological narcissism stymies Fianna Fáil support for Fine Gael
2528:
1699:
1688:
1362:, a 1965 Japanese animated film featuring Gulliver as a character
1076:
Despite its initial positive reception, the book faced backlash.
1238:, the first French translator of Swift's story, wrote a sequel,
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965:(Humans are rational animals)—was prominent in academia around
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Gulliver's viewpoint between parts is mirrored by that of his
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Swift, Jonathan (2005). Rawson, Claude; Higgins, Ian (eds.).
2501:
Johnathan Swift’s Gulliver's Travels: A Routledge Study Guide
2273:. Ed. Larry Champion. Athens: U of Georgia Press. pp. 33–49.
837:
In storytelling and construction the parts follow a pattern:
461:
Gulliver in discussion with Houyhnhnms (1856 illustration by
442:
406:
322:
4695:
4537:
4370:
4253:
4168:
4111:
3282:
A Complete Collection of Genteel and Ingenious Conversation
1200:
698:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
249:
Mural depicting Gulliver surrounded by citizens of Lilliput
2357:
Publications of the Modern Language Association of America
1051:, points out that the language may have been derived from
615:, printed a set of Swift's works, Volume III of which was
4547:
4542:
4475:
4470:
4106:
2271:
Quick Springs of Sense: Studies in the Eighteenth Century
2227:. T Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall. pp. 80–88.
1815:
Case, Arthur E. (1945). "The Geography and Chronology of
1492:
219:
The book was an immediate success. The English dramatist
2919:
Gulliver's Travels Among the Lilliputians and the Giants
1302:
Gulliver's Travels Among the Lilliputians and the Giants
1230:. The earliest of these was the anonymously authored
1199:
are used to describe two possible ways of laying out
1055:, which Swift had studied at Trinity College Dublin.
941:. Arthur Case, R.S. Crane, and Edward Stone discuss
1933:
Probyn, Clive (2004) "Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745)",
1395:
Crayola Kids Adventures: Tales of Gulliver's Travels
1226:
Many sequels followed the initial publishing of the
506:. (Much of the writing was done at Loughry Manor in
309:
Gulliver soon sets out again. When the sailing ship
4837:
Fictional depictions of Julius Caesar in literature
2197:Case, Arthur E. (1961). "From 'The Significance of
2005:
Giants and Dwarfs: An Outline of Gulliver's Travels
502:It is uncertain exactly when Swift started writing
284:
1218:, a term Sigmund Freud coined in the early 1900s.
631:A letter from Capt. Gulliver to his Cousin Sympson
3203:Thoughts on Various Subjects, Moral and Diverting
1734:Swift, Jonathan (2003). DeMaria, Robert J (ed.).
1354:, a 1960 American film loosely based on the novel
253:The travel begins with a short preamble in which
4768:
2596:
2007:. New York: Simon and Schuster. pp. 47–51.
651:of which Swift was proud. Lindalino represented
2259:. T Thomas Y. Crowell Company. pp. 180–92.
2196:
2101:
1580:in 16 volumes, edited by Herbert Davis et al.
529:. By August 1725 the book was complete; and as
453:Part IV: A Voyage to the Land of the Houyhnhnms
269:, who are inhabitants of the island country of
240:
1759:Swift, Jonathan (2009). Rawson, Claude (ed.).
3797:The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction
3364:
3094:
2773:
2254:
2205:. Thomas Y. Crowell Company. pp. 139–47.
1562:, adapted in three parts by Matthew Broughton
588:who had similarly written a "key" to Swift's
380:and its experiments. At the Grand Academy of
2611:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2438:
2151:SEL: Studies in English Literature 1500–1900
2002:
1972:Swift, Jonathan (1980). Isaac Asimov (ed.).
1729:
1727:
1481:, a 1980 Hungarian television film starring
1451:, a 1974 Hungarian television film starring
937:is a theme that scholars have identified in
294:Gulliver exhibited to the Brobdingnag Farmer
4817:Cultural depictions of Marcus Junius Brutus
3211:An Argument Against Abolishing Christianity
2257:A Casebook on Gulliver Among the Houyhnhnms
2222:
2203:A Casebook on Gulliver Among the Houyhnhnms
1978:. New York: Clarkson N Potter Inc. p.
1491:, a 1982 television serial produced by the
4867:Irish novels adapted into television shows
3371:
3357:
3101:
3087:
2780:
2766:
2134:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2087:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1890:
1752:
903:A criticism of Swift's use of misogyny by
606:
497:
216:"to vex the world rather than divert it".
2327:
2048:
1825:. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
1724:
1515:, a 1996 American TV miniseries starring
727:Learn how and when to remove this message
3068:Cultural influence of Gulliver's Travels
2660:(New ed.). Oxford. p. xlviii.
2514:"yahoo – definition of yahoo in English"
2330:Texas Studies in Literature and Language
2148:
2030:Texas Studies in Literature and Language
1620:The Essential Writings of Jonathan Swift
1603:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)
1463:, a 1979 television special produced by
1305:, a 1902 French silent film directed by
1282:
1100:
1097:Cultural influence of Gulliver's Travels
738:
456:
337:
288:
244:
230:
204:, satirising both human nature and the "
1936:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1397:, a 1997 direct-to-video film starring
1370:, a 1977 British-Belgian film starring
1316:, a 1924 Austrian silent adventure film
470:7 September 1710 – 5 December 1715
14:
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2250:
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2246:
2244:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2027:
1777:
1650:is taken from Faulkner's 1735 edition.
1166:is often encountered as a synonym for
1090:
1006:
352:Floating cities and islands in fiction
4822:Cultural depictions of René Descartes
3725:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
3352:
3293:(published posthumously – 1766)
3082:
2761:
2655:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2354:
2323:
2321:
2289:
2054:
1971:
1962:28 Oct 1726, "This day is published".
1847:
1758:
1733:
984:
908:inferior Yahoo among the Houyhnhnms.
2443:. Greenhaven Press. pp. 57–65.
1814:
1545:, a satirical radio series starring
1069:to appreciate the deeper aspects of
929:
898:A Beautiful Young Nymph Going To Bed
744:The King of Brobdingnag and Gulliver
680:
4802:Books illustrated by Arthur Rackham
3378:
2927:Gulliver en el país de los Gigantes
2649:
2637:from the original on 2 October 2022
2537:"On Holy Wars And A Plea For Peace"
2241:
2209:
2185:
1783:
874:Although Swift is often accused of
32:Gulliver's Travels (disambiguation)
24:
4862:Novels adapted into radio programs
4686:LGBT themes in speculative fiction
4012:Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien
3108:
2975:Gulliver's Travels Beyond the Moon
2584:"Memoirs of the Court of Lilliput"
2488:
2457:
2318:
1796:from the original on 23 March 2019
1507:, a 1992 French animated TV series
1379:, a 1983 Spanish animated film by
1359:Gulliver's Travels Beyond the Moon
357:5 August 1706 – 16 April 1710
25:
4938:
4872:Novels set in fictional countries
2678:
2547:from the original on 25 June 2022
2534:
1822:Four Essays on Gulliver's Travels
1531:, a 1999 radio adaptation in the
1478:Gulliver in the Country of Giants
1448:Gulliver in the Country of Dwarfs
1436:, a 2021 Ukrainian animated film.
1221:
4807:Cultural depictions of Aristotle
4751:
4750:
4740:
3132:
2732:
2565:O’Toole, Fintan (16 March 2016)
2201:.'". In Milton P. Foster (ed.).
1975:The Annotated Gulliver's Travels
1829:from the original on 2 June 2023
1425:, a 2010 American film starring
1232:Memoirs of the Court of Lilliput
1083:British novelist and journalist
685:
570:Memoirs of the Court of Lilliput
285:Part II: A Voyage to Brobdingnag
47:
4847:Irish novels adapted into films
4741:
3696:Ballantine Adult Fantasy series
2619:
2590:
2576:
2559:
2506:
2432:
2416:
2391:
2348:
2283:
2263:
2142:
2095:
2021:
1996:
1588:(Harmondsworth: Penguin, 2008)
1566:
1346:, a 1939 American animated film
1216:narcissism of small differences
1030:Ann Kelly describes Part IV of
676:
305:20 June 1702 – 3 June 1706
261:4 May 1699 – 13 April 1702
2729:(1900 ed.; with illustrations)
2441:Readings on Gulliver's Travels
1965:
1953:
1927:
1884:
1841:
1808:
1784:Gay, John (17 November 1726).
1657:(New York: W.W. Norton, 2001)
1622:(New York: W.W. Norton, 2009)
1408:, a 2003 Indian film starring
1278:
212:. Swift claimed that he wrote
13:
1:
1763:. W. W. Norton. p. 875.
1717:
1440:
1417:, a 2005 Indian animated film
4897:British philosophical novels
4852:Irish science fiction novels
4812:Cultural depictions of Homer
4787:1720s science fiction novels
3150:Meditation Upon a Broomstick
2106:. Fox, Christopher. Boston.
2059:. Fox, Christopher. Boston.
1058:
776:Published seven years after
636:
611:In 1735 an Irish publisher,
601:Verses on Gulliver's Travels
241:Part I: A Voyage to Lilliput
27:1726 novel by Jonathan Swift
7:
4797:18th-century British novels
3714:The Encyclopedia of Fantasy
2742:public domain audiobook at
2407:by Hayah Goldlist-Eichler,
1669:
1571:
1467:. The same studio produced
1266:
1085:William Makepeace Thackeray
1038:
869:
447:trampling upon the crucifix
10:
4943:
3329:The House That Swift Built
3042:Saban's Gulliver's Travels
3034:The Adventures of Gulliver
1786:"Letter to Jonathan Swift"
1504:Saban's Gulliver's Travels
1470:The Adventures of Gulliver
1388:, a 1996 animated film by
1094:
952:, but, after he deems the
760:Metropolitan Museum of Art
349:
267:little people in mythology
29:
4927:Fiction about immortality
4736:
4642:
4561:
4451:
4289:
4209:
4038:
4029:
3959:
3950:
3859:
3827:
3765:
3752:List of story collections
3681:
3637:
3630:
3593:Occult detective fiction
3414:
3386:
3300:
3245:
3219:The Conduct of the Allies
3192:
3141:
3130:
3124:Sermons of Jonathan Swift
3116:
3060:
3017:
2910:
2879:
2823:
2802:
1176:Oxford English Dictionary
1148:Oxford English Dictionary
963:Homo est animal rationale
533:was a transparently anti-
161:
149:
141:
133:
113:
103:
89:
81:
71:
61:
46:
4017:World Fantasy Convention
3275:The Lady's Dressing Room
2967:The 3 Worlds of Gulliver
2102:Swift, Jonathan (1995).
2055:Swift, Jonathan (1994).
1542:Brian Gulliver's Travels
1522:
1351:The 3 Worlds of Gulliver
894:The Lady's Dressing Room
769:has been described as a
4922:Works by Jonathan Swift
4887:Novels set in the 1710s
4882:Novels set in the 1700s
4877:Novels set in the 1690s
4085:Fire-breathing monsters
3166:The Battle of the Books
2477:10 January 2023 at the
2403:31 October 2022 at the
1941:Oxford University Press
1738:. Penguin. p. xi.
1683:List of literary cycles
1294:
1162:In like vein, the term
831:The Battle of the Books
607:Faulkner's 1735 edition
498:Composition and history
226:
4917:Social science fiction
4907:Political satire books
3836:Dungeons & Dragons
3235:Directions to Servants
2749:Gulliver's Travels
2691:Gulliver's Travels
2499:Lund, Roger D. (2006)
2298:(4, Part 2): S40–S47.
1949:10.1093/ref:odnb/26833
1790:Communion Arts Journal
1644:Directions to Servants
1291:
1272:Georg Philipp Telemann
1121:
976:Stone points out that
923:
890:
816:
763:
707:by rewriting it in an
671:The Annotated Gulliver
518:and others formed the
466:
347:
301:
250:
237:
4892:Novels set on islands
3902:International Fantasy
3263:newspaper (1710–1714)
2991:Jajantaram Mamantaram
2861:Lilliput and Blefuscu
2483:University of Windsor
2470:Gerace, Mary. (1967)
2163:10.1353/sel.2007.0022
2003:Bloom, Allan (1990).
1405:Jajantaram Mamantaram
1324:, a 1934 film in the
1286:
1187:computer architecture
1185:In the discipline of
1104:
1049:University of Houston
918:
881:
811:
742:
460:
341:
292:
248:
234:
200:writer and clergyman
4902:Novels about pirates
4857:Metafictional novels
4842:Irish fantasy novels
4832:Fiction about giants
4782:1720s fantasy novels
4706:Supernatural fiction
3783:Fantastic Adventures
2601:. La veuve Clouzier.
1558:production starring
1489:Gulliver in Lilliput
1338:, a 1935 Soviet film
1287:Comic book cover by
1106:Gulliver and a giant
1078:Viscount Bolingbroke
905:Felicity A. Nussbaum
750:(1803), (satirising
599:wrote a set of five
428:, he encounters the
121: (297 years ago)
119:28 October 1726
30:For other uses, see
4827:Fiction about Earth
4007:Tolkien's influence
3720:Fantasy Masterworks
3673:Television programs
3481:Fairy tale parodies
3290:A Journal to Stella
3268:Cadenus and Vanessa
2586:. J. Roberts. 1727.
2518:Oxford Dictionaries
1236:Pierre Desfontaines
1110:Tadeusz Pruszkowski
1091:Cultural influences
1071:Gulliver’s Travels.
1007:Political allusions
912:to be in jeopardy.
578:Gulliver Decipher'd
72:Original title
43:
4777:Gulliver's Travels
4229:Damsel in distress
3997:Mythopoeic Society
3598:Paranormal romance
3513:Historical fantasy
3498:Fantasy of manners
3452:Children's fantasy
3174:Gulliver's Travels
3050:Gulliver's Travels
2999:Gulliver's Travels
2983:Gulliver's Travels
2959:Gulliver's Travels
2935:Gulliver's Travels
2794:Gulliver's Travels
2739:Gulliver's Travels
2721:Gulliver's Travels
2705:Gulliver's Travels
2658:Gulliver's Travels
2199:Gulliver's Travels
1817:Gulliver's Travels
1761:Gulliver's Travels
1736:Gulliver's Travels
1705:The Voyage of Bran
1655:Gulliver's Travels
1632:Gulliver's Travels
1613:Essential Writings
1601:Gulliver's Travels
1586:Gulliver's Travels
1552:Gulliver's Travels
1529:Gulliver's Travels
1512:Gulliver's Travels
1460:Gulliver's Travels
1422:Gulliver's Travels
1386:Gulliver's Travels
1377:Gulliver's Travels
1367:Gulliver's Travels
1343:Gulliver's Travels
1313:Gulliver's Travels
1292:
1180:Gulliver's Travels
1122:
1014:Sir Robert Walpole
1001:Gulliver's Travels
985:Character analysis
978:Gulliver's Travels
939:Gulliver's Travels
788:Gulliver's Travels
767:Gulliver's Travels
764:
752:Napoleon Bonaparte
709:encyclopedic style
696:is written like a
627:Gulliver's Travels
617:Gulliver's Travels
566:Gulliver's Travels
531:Gulliver's Travels
504:Gulliver's Travels
467:
348:
302:
251:
238:
214:Gulliver's Travels
210:English literature
183:Gulliver's Travels
168:Gulliver's Travels
55:Gulliver's Travels
41:Gulliver's Travels
39:
18:Gulliver’s Travels
4764:
4763:
4638:
4637:
4563:Places and events
4025:
4024:
3855:
3854:
3576:Planetary romance
3487:Fairytale fantasy
3442:Alternate history
3430:Sword and sorcery
3421:Action-adventure
3346:
3345:
3313:Esther Vanhomrigh
3253:Isaac Bickerstaff
3227:Drapier's Letters
3182:A Modest Proposal
3177:(1726–1727, 1735)
3076:
3075:
2726:Project Gutenberg
2710:Project Gutenberg
2429:, 17 August 2015.
2425:by Alison Flood,
2413:, 12 August 2015.
1770:978-0-393-93065-8
1711:Castle in the Sky
1695:Sinbad the Sailor
1636:A Modest Proposal
1415:Gulliver's Travel
1151:as a synonym for
930:Comic misanthropy
737:
736:
729:
648:Drapier's Letters
543:Drapier's Letters
526:Drapier's Letters
424:On the island of
206:travellers' tales
179:
178:
134:Publication place
53:First edition of
16:(Redirected from
4934:
4912:Satirical novels
4754:
4753:
4744:
4743:
4620:Enchanted forest
4264:Occult detective
4036:
4035:
3992:Lovecraft fandom
3957:
3956:
3661:highest-grossing
3635:
3634:
3622:Western fantasy
3373:
3366:
3359:
3350:
3349:
3238:(published 1745)
3136:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3080:
3079:
3007:Gulliver Returns
2951:The New Gulliver
2880:Other characters
2782:
2775:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2753:Internet Archive
2736:
2735:
2728:
2712:
2684:Digital editions
2672:
2671:
2653:
2647:
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2623:
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2594:
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2532:
2526:
2525:
2524:on 14 June 2013.
2520:. Archived from
2510:
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2292:Modern Philology
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1781:
1775:
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1756:
1750:
1749:
1731:
1653:Swift, Jonathan
1618:Swift, Jonathan
1599:Swift, Jonathan
1584:Swift, Jonathan
1433:Gulliver Returns
1335:The New Gulliver
1289:Lillian Chestney
1108:, a painting by
1025:South Sea Bubble
771:Menippean satire
732:
725:
721:
718:
712:
689:
688:
681:
584:, the second by
564:Motte published
441:, Gulliver asks
344:J. J. Grandville
298:Richard Redgrave
192:is a 1726 prose
129:
127:
122:
115:Publication date
51:
44:
38:
21:
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4760:
4732:
4701:Science fiction
4634:
4557:
4447:
4354:Magical weapons
4285:
4249:Fairy godmother
4205:
4149:Talking animals
4021:
3946:
3872:British Fantasy
3851:
3823:
3804:Science Fantasy
3761:
3677:
3626:
3565:Science fantasy
3410:
3382:
3380:Fantasy fiction
3377:
3347:
3342:
3318:Scriblerus Club
3296:
3255:writings (1708)
3241:
3188:
3158:A Tale of a Tub
3137:
3128:
3112:
3107:
3077:
3072:
3056:
3026:The Mind Robber
3013:
2943:Gulliver Mickey
2906:
2875:
2819:
2810:Lemuel Gulliver
2798:
2786:
2733:
2718:
2702:
2696:Standard Ebooks
2681:
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2571:The Irish Times
2564:
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2529:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2498:
2489:
2479:Wayback Machine
2469:
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2405:Wayback Machine
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2015:
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1990:
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1746:
1732:
1725:
1720:
1672:
1640:A Tale of a Tub
1574:
1569:
1525:
1443:
1321:Gulliver Mickey
1297:
1281:
1269:
1257:Robert Heinlein
1224:
1205:computer memory
1145:appears in the
1114:National Museum
1099:
1093:
1064:man's travels.
1061:
1041:
1009:
990:Pedro de Mendez
987:
971:Porphyrian Tree
932:
872:
861:being expelled.
783:Robinson Crusoe
733:
722:
716:
713:
705:help improve it
702:
690:
686:
679:
661:Collected Works
639:
622:Editio Princeps
613:George Faulkner
609:
520:Scriblerus Club
500:
463:J.J. Grandville
455:
437:After reaching
419:Pierre Gassendi
372:Gulliver tours
354:
336:
287:
255:Lemuel Gulliver
243:
229:
154:
142:Media type
125:
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98:science fiction
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35:
28:
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4009:
4004:
4002:Tolkien fandom
3999:
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3730:List of novels
3727:
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3361:
3353:
3344:
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3333:
3325:
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3315:
3310:
3308:Esther Johnson
3304:
3302:
3298:
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3286:
3278:
3271:
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3256:
3249:
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3118:
3114:
3113:
3110:Jonathan Swift
3106:
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3074:
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3058:
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2818:
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2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2789:Jonathan Swift
2785:
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2756:
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2714:
2700:
2698:
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2685:
2680:
2679:External links
2677:
2674:
2673:
2666:
2648:
2618:
2589:
2575:
2558:
2535:Cohen, Danny.
2527:
2505:
2487:
2456:
2450:978-0737703429
2449:
2431:
2415:
2410:Jerusalem Post
2390:
2369:10.2307/461560
2363:(5): 846–855.
2347:
2336:(2): 439–460.
2317:
2304:10.1086/390691
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2141:
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2066:978-0312066659
2065:
2047:
2020:
2013:
1995:
1988:
1964:
1952:
1926:
1905:10.2307/460368
1899:(5): 880–899.
1883:
1862:10.2307/461560
1856:(5): 846–855.
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1628:978-0393930658
1616:
1609:978-0192805348
1597:
1594:978-0141439495
1578:Prose Writings
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
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1560:Arthur Darvill
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1401:
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1372:Richard Harris
1363:
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1347:
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1331:
1330:cartoon series
1317:
1309:
1307:Georges Méliès
1296:
1293:
1280:
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1223:
1222:In other works
1220:
1143:Brobdingnagian
1095:Main article:
1092:
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1005:
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842:
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834:
826:
823:
780:'s successful
735:
734:
693:
691:
684:
678:
675:
638:
635:
608:
605:
597:Alexander Pope
576:) and "keys" (
547:Benjamin Motte
499:
496:
472:
471:
454:
451:
415:René Descartes
359:
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335:
332:
307:
306:
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263:
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202:Jonathan Swift
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4670:Ghost stories
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4453:Fantasy races
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4429:
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4426:Shapeshifting
4424:
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4217:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4122:Shapeshifters
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4028:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3943:
3942:World Fantasy
3940:
3938:
3937:Tähtifantasia
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3907:Japan Fantasy
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3605:Weird fiction
3603:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3588:Urban fantasy
3586:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3374:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3339:" (1734 poem)
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3277:" (1732 poem)
3276:
3272:
3270:" (1713 poem)
3269:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3104:
3099:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3016:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2815:Glumdalclitch
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2754:
2751: at the
2750:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2669:
2663:
2659:
2652:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2614:
2608:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2579:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2394:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2351:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2324:
2322:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2280:
2279:9780820303130
2276:
2272:
2266:
2258:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2236:
2234:9780133715675
2230:
2226:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2191:
2189:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2157:(3): 619–40.
2156:
2152:
2145:
2137:
2131:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2113:0-312-10284-4
2109:
2105:
2098:
2090:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2051:
2043:
2039:
2036:(3): 366–79.
2035:
2031:
2024:
2016:
2014:9780671707774
2010:
2006:
1999:
1991:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1960:Daily Journal
1956:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1930:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1887:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1811:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1766:
1762:
1755:
1747:
1745:9780141439495
1741:
1737:
1730:
1728:
1723:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1465:Hanna-Barbera
1462:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1290:
1285:
1276:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1261:Starman Jones
1258:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1219:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1196:little-endian
1193:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1067:
1066:James Beattie
1056:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1036:
1033:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1021:Royal Society
1017:
1015:
1004:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
982:
979:
974:
972:
968:
964:
958:
955:
951:
946:
944:
940:
936:
927:
922:
917:
913:
909:
906:
901:
899:
895:
889:
887:
880:
877:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
840:
839:
838:
833:
832:
827:
824:
821:
820:
819:
815:
810:
807:
803:
801:
800:Thomas Hobbes
797:
796:Warren Montag
793:
789:
785:
784:
779:
774:
772:
768:
761:
757:
753:
749:
748:James Gillray
745:
741:
731:
728:
720:
717:December 2022
710:
706:
700:
699:
694:This section
692:
683:
682:
674:
672:
668:
664:
662:
658:
654:
650:
649:
644:
634:
632:
628:
624:
623:
618:
614:
604:
602:
598:
593:
592:
591:Tale of a Tub
587:
583:
579:
575:
572:), parodies (
571:
567:
562:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
527:
521:
517:
513:
512:County Tyrone
509:
505:
495:
491:
487:
484:
482:
478:
469:
468:
464:
459:
450:
448:
444:
440:
435:
433:
432:
427:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
399:Julius Caesar
395:
390:
388:
383:
379:
378:Royal Society
375:
370:
368:
364:
363:flying island
356:
355:
353:
345:
340:
331:
327:
324:
320:
317:The grass of
315:
312:
304:
303:
299:
296:(painting by
295:
291:
282:
278:
274:
272:
268:
260:
259:
258:
256:
247:
233:
224:
222:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:
185:
184:
175:
171:
170:
169:
164:
160:
156:
153:
152:Dewey Decimal
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
118:
112:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
50:
45:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4728:Urban legend
4630:Magic school
4603:Astral plane
4598:Hollow Earth
4291:Magic system
4244:Dragonslayer
4139:Skin-walkers
3987:The Inklings
3980:Harry Potter
3979:
3834:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3774:
3712:
3533:Magical girl
3508:High fantasy
3503:Hard fantasy
3469:Dark fantasy
3447:Contemporary
3327:
3323:Swift crater
3288:
3280:
3260:The Examiner
3258:
3233:
3225:
3217:
3209:
3201:
3180:
3173:
3172:
3164:
3156:
3148:
3048:
3040:
3032:
3024:
3005:
2997:
2989:
2981:
2973:
2965:
2957:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2841:Glubbdubdrib
2793:
2792:
2738:
2719:
2703:
2689:
2657:
2651:
2639:. Retrieved
2630:
2621:
2592:
2578:
2570:
2561:
2549:. Retrieved
2540:
2530:
2522:the original
2517:
2508:
2503:. Routledge.
2500:
2482:
2440:
2434:
2427:The Guardian
2426:
2418:
2408:
2393:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2333:
2329:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2270:
2265:
2256:
2224:
2202:
2198:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2103:
2097:
2056:
2050:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2004:
1998:
1989:0-517-539497
1974:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1934:
1929:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1833:27 September
1831:. Retrieved
1821:
1816:
1810:
1798:. Retrieved
1789:
1779:
1760:
1754:
1735:
1709:
1687:
1675:
1654:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1619:
1612:
1600:
1585:
1577:
1575:
1567:Bibliography
1551:
1547:Neil Pearson
1540:
1532:
1528:
1511:
1502:
1499:as Gulliver.
1488:
1485:as Gulliver.
1483:András Kozák
1476:
1468:
1458:
1455:as Gulliver.
1453:László Sinkó
1446:
1431:
1421:
1414:
1403:
1394:
1390:Golden Films
1385:
1381:Cruz Delgado
1376:
1366:
1357:
1349:
1342:
1333:
1327:Mickey Mouse
1325:
1319:
1312:
1300:
1270:
1252:Shah Guido G
1250:
1247:Isaac Asimov
1244:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1213:
1208:
1195:
1191:
1189:, the terms
1184:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1131:Edison screw
1125:
1123:
1105:
1082:
1075:
1070:
1062:
1045:Isaac Asimov
1042:
1031:
1029:
1018:
1010:
1000:
998:
989:
988:
977:
975:
962:
959:
947:
938:
933:
924:
919:
914:
910:
902:
897:
893:
891:
885:
882:
873:
836:
829:
817:
812:
804:
791:
787:
781:
778:Daniel Defoe
775:
766:
765:
743:
723:
714:
695:
677:Major themes
670:
667:Isaac Asimov
665:
660:
657:William Wood
646:
640:
630:
626:
620:
616:
610:
600:
589:
586:Edmund Curll
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
563:
558:
554:
542:
530:
524:
503:
501:
492:
488:
485:
473:
436:
429:
423:
394:Glubbdubdrib
391:
371:
360:
328:
316:
310:
308:
293:
279:
275:
264:
252:
218:
213:
188:
187:
182:
181:
180:
167:
165:
75:
54:
40:
36:
4792:1726 novels
4655:Epic poetry
4516:Leprechauns
4431:Thaumaturgy
4406:Incantation
4359:Magic sword
3917:Méliès d'Or
3818:Weird Tales
3571:Dying Earth
3550:Mythopoeia
3528:Low fantasy
3493:Fantastique
3332:(1982 film)
3045:(1992–1993)
3037:(1968–1969)
2897:Struldbrugg
2836:Brobdingnag
1556:BBC Radio 4
1534:Radio Tales
1497:Andrew Burt
1279:Adaptations
1203:of data in
1135:Lilliputter
1126:Lilliputian
1032:The Travels
935:Misanthropy
854:antagonists
806:Allan Bloom
443:the Emperor
431:struldbrugs
319:Brobdingnag
198:Anglo-Irish
4771:Categories
4716:Tokusatsu
4665:Fairy tale
4608:Dreamworld
4506:Hobgoblins
4441:Witchcraft
4411:Necromancy
4391:Divination
4386:Demonology
4349:Magic ring
4339:Magic item
4322:Ceremonial
4211:Characters
4132:Werewolves
4070:Elementals
3974:Filk music
3922:Mythopoeic
3757:Publishers
3683:Literature
3643:television
3615:Weird West
3555:Omegaverse
3425:Lost world
3396:Literature
3246:Miscellany
3018:Television
2887:The Engine
2831:Balnibarbi
2803:Characters
2713:(1727 ed.)
2667:0192805347
2541:RFC Editor
1943:: Oxford.
1718:References
1663:0393957241
1517:Ted Danson
1441:Television
1427:Jack Black
1399:Adam Wylie
1192:big-endian
1153:very large
994:Houyhnhnms
954:Houyhnhnms
762:, New York
756:George III
477:Houyhnhnms
374:Balnibarbi
350:See also:
174:Wikisource
126:1726-10-28
4711:Superhero
4696:Mythology
4593:Lost city
4501:Halflings
4421:Shamanism
4416:Runecraft
4401:Evocation
4259:Magicians
4234:Dark lord
4219:Barbarian
4179:Skeletons
4102:Gargoyles
4080:Familiars
4040:Creatures
3776:Fantastic
3767:Magazines
3610:New weird
3415:Subgenres
3230:(1724/25)
2892:Houyhnhnm
2866:Lindalino
2824:Locations
2641:2 October
2385:163799730
2312:154047160
2179:154298114
2130:cite book
2083:cite book
1921:164044839
1878:163799730
1800:9 January
1554:, a 2012
1209:shouldn't
1174:. In the
1139:lilipután
1124:The term
1059:Reception
849:unclear).
669:notes in
643:Lindalino
637:Lindalino
551:Lindalino
539:pamphlets
516:Arbuthnot
508:Cookstown
411:Aristotle
387:Maldonada
311:Adventure
104:Publisher
4756:Category
4650:Allegory
4526:Mermaids
4496:Gremlins
4461:Centaurs
4396:Egregore
4377:Schools
4344:Grimoire
4304:Elements
4276:Wild man
4196:Unicorns
4184:Vampires
4127:Werecats
3969:Fanspeak
3877:Crawford
3847:Podcasts
3560:Romantic
3543:Mythpunk
3474:Grimdark
3462:Bangsian
2871:Luggnagg
2744:LibriVox
2635:Archived
2607:cite web
2545:Archived
2475:Archived
2401:Archived
2342:40754389
2122:31794911
2075:31794911
2042:40753638
1827:Archived
1794:Archived
1670:See also
1572:Editions
1267:In music
1157:gigantic
1039:Language
943:Gulliver
876:misogyny
870:Misogyny
426:Luggnagg
271:Lilliput
221:John Gay
82:Language
4746:Outline
4643:Related
4521:Merfolk
4511:Kobolds
4491:Goblins
4476:Treants
4466:Dwarves
4436:Theurgy
4381:Alchemy
4313:neutral
4281:Witches
4224:Caveman
4189:Zombies
4174:Mummies
4144:Spirits
4095:Dragons
4090:Chimera
4075:Faeries
3892:Gemmell
3887:Gandalf
3842:Féeries
3811:Unknown
3691:Authors
3666:S&S
3406:Sources
3391:History
3301:Related
3142:Satires
3117:Sermons
3061:Related
2551:29 July
2171:4625129
1700:Sunpadh
1689:Odyssey
1228:Travels
1168:ruffian
886:English
845:people.
703:Please
196:by the
137:England
124: (
85:English
4615:Castle
4576:Worlds
4571:Quests
4553:Trolls
4531:Mermen
4486:Gnomes
4481:Giants
4254:Heroes
4169:Liches
4164:Ghosts
4154:Undead
4117:Nymphs
4063:Ghouls
4058:Devils
4053:Demons
4048:Angels
4031:Tropes
3982:fandom
3952:Fandom
3932:Saturn
3927:Nebula
3882:Dragon
3867:Balrog
3860:Awards
3701:Comics
3583:Shenmo
3538:Mythic
3523:LitRPG
3518:Isekai
3457:Comedy
3435:Wuxia
3285:(1738)
3222:(1711)
3214:(1708)
3206:(1706)
3194:Essays
3185:(1729)
3169:(1704)
3161:(1704)
3153:(1701)
3053:(1996)
3029:(1968)
3010:(2021)
3002:(2010)
2994:(2003)
2986:(1977)
2978:(1965)
2970:(1960)
2962:(1939)
2954:(1935)
2946:(1934)
2938:(1924)
2930:(1903)
2922:(1902)
2856:Laputa
2851:Lagado
2797:(1726)
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1537:series
1118:Warsaw
1053:Hebrew
950:Yahoos
653:Dublin
481:Yahoos
417:, and
403:Brutus
382:Lagado
367:Laputa
194:satire
94:Satire
62:Author
4721:Kaiju
4691:Mecha
4660:Fable
4538:Ogres
4471:Elves
4366:Runes
4317:light
4239:Donor
4201:Yōkai
4159:Death
3912:Locus
3828:Other
3790:Locus
3656:Films
3651:Anime
3631:Media
3401:Magic
2911:Films
2902:Yahoo
2846:Japan
2381:S2CID
2373:JSTOR
2338:JSTOR
2308:S2CID
2175:S2CID
2167:JSTOR
2038:JSTOR
1917:S2CID
1909:JSTOR
1874:S2CID
1866:JSTOR
1523:Radio
1201:bytes
1164:yahoo
967:Swift
541:(the
439:Japan
407:Homer
323:giant
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157:823.5
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4588:Maps
4581:list
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4371:Wand
4332:Moon
4327:Love
4309:Dark
4269:list
4112:Jinn
4107:Imps
3897:Hugo
3706:list
3641:and
3639:Film
2662:ISBN
2643:2022
2613:link
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2445:ISBN
2275:ISBN
2229:ISBN
2136:link
2118:OCLC
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2089:link
2071:OCLC
2061:ISBN
2009:ISBN
1984:ISBN
1893:PMLA
1850:PMLA
1835:2020
1802:2019
1765:ISBN
1740:ISBN
1659:ISBN
1624:ISBN
1605:ISBN
1590:ISBN
1295:Film
1194:and
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1137:and
896:and
865:end.
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580:and
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227:Plot
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3964:Art
3745:S–Z
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3735:A–H
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