Grief - Knowledge

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Clinic states that with normal grief the feelings of loss are evident. When the reaction turns into complicated grief, however, the feelings of loss become incapacitating and continue even though time passes. The signs and symptoms characteristic of complicated grief are listed as "extreme focus on the loss and reminders of the loved one, intense longing or pining for the deceased, problems accepting the death, numbness or detachment ... bitterness about your loss, inability to enjoy life, depression or deep sadness, trouble carrying out normal routines, withdrawing from social activities, feeling that life holds no meaning or purpose, irritability or agitation, lack of trust in others". The symptoms seen in complicated grief are specific because the symptoms seem to be a combination of the symptoms found in separation as well as traumatic distress. They are also considered to be complicated because, unlike normal grief, these symptoms will continue regardless of the amount of time that has passed and despite treatment given from tricyclic antidepressants. Individuals with complicated grief symptoms are likely to have other mental disorders such as PTSD (post traumatic syndrome disorder), depression, anxiety, etc.

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loss of a child. The difference in suicide-related bereavement is that there are different reactions and ways when we respond to the loss of someone we love dearly. Some examples are post-traumatic stress, family, and relationship tensions. Post-traumatic stress (PTS) can affect the person severely when witnessing the death of someone. It can give them horrible trauma and nightmares may occur making them have a lack of sleep. Another reaction is family and relationship tensions. Having loved ones by their side could really support them, but some families might lack connections or communications with one another. They feel as if they are going to bring more burden to others. Some have different perspectives on themselves when communicating with others and might keep their feelings to themselves. It's a way to protect their inner feelings as if they're scared to share with others.

1830:, it helps individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders to process, understand, and feel included. However, if those supporting the individual are not properly educated on how those with different neurodevelopmental profiles process, understand, and express grief, their involvement may not be as beneficial than those who are aware of the potential differences, and ultimately may prove harmful in areas beyond practical support. Furthermore, the importance of the family unit is very crucial in a socio-cognitive approach to bereavement counseling; in this approach the neurodivergent individual has the opportunity to see how those around them handle the loss and have the opportunity to act accordingly by modeling and mirroring behavior. This approach also helps the individual know that their emotions are acceptable, valid, and normal. 1153:

death, grief creates an intensively painful memory of the event, dissuading a parent from ever again leaving an offspring alone at a watering hole. More recently, Bo Winegard and colleagues argued that grief might be a socially selected signal of an individual's propensity for forming strong, committed relationships. From this social signaling perspective, grief targets old and new social partners, informing them that the griever is capable of forming strong social commitments. That is, because grief signals a person's capacity to form strong and faithful social bonds, those who displayed prolonged grief responses were preferentially chosen by alliance partners. The authors argue that throughout human evolution, grief was therefore shaped and elaborated by the social decisions of selective alliance partners.

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reinvestment. The griever must, Freud argued, disinvest from the deceased, which is a painful process. But this disinvestment allows the griever to use libidinal energies on other, possibly new attachments, so it provides a valuable function. John Archer, approaching grief from an attachment theory perspective, argued that grief is a byproduct of the human attachment system. Generally, a grief-type response is adaptive because it compels a social organism to search for a lost individual (e.g., a mother or a child). However, in the case of death, the response is maladaptive because the individual is not simply lost and the griever cannot reunite with the deceased. Grief, from this perspective, is a painful cost of the human capacity to form commitments.

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pre-planning was not completed. Changes in insurance, bank accounts, claiming of life insurance, securing childcare can also be intimidating to someone who is grieving. Social isolation may also become imminent, as many groups composed of couples find it difficult to adjust to the new identity of the bereaved, and the bereaved themselves have great challenges in reconnecting with others. Widows of many cultures, for instance, wear black for the rest of their lives to signify the loss of their spouse and their grief. Only in more recent decades has this tradition been reduced to a period of two years, while some religions such as Orthodox Christianity many widows will still continue to wear black for the remainder of their lives.

1897: 1559: 1934:. This can occur between bonded animals which are animals that attempt to survive together (i.e. a pack of wolves or mated prairie voles). There is evidence that animals experience grief in the loss of their group member, a mate, or their owner for many days. Some animals show their grief for their loss for many years. When animals are grieving, their life routines change the same as humans. For instance, they may stop eating, isolate themselves, or change their sleeping routine by taking naps instead of sleeping during the night. After the death of their group member or a mate, some of the animals become depressed, while others like the 773:

this track is being able to recognize how transformation has occurred beyond grief and mourning. By outlining the main aspects of the bereavement process into two interactive tracks, individuals can examine and understand how grief has affected their life following loss and begin to adapt to this post-loss life. The Model offers a better understanding with the duration of time in the wake of one's loss and the outcomes that evolve from death. By using this model, researchers can effectively examine the response to an individual's loss by assessing the behavioral-psychological functioning and the relationship with the deceased.

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professional if "you can't deal with grief, you are using excessive amounts of drugs or alcohol, you become very depressed, or you have prolonged depression that interferes with your daily life". Other reasons to seek medical attention may include: "Can focus on little else but your loved one's death, have persistent pining or longing for the deceased person, have thoughts of guilt or self-blame, believe that you did something wrong or could have prevented the death, feel as if life is not worth living, have lost your sense of purpose in life, wish you had died along with your loved one".

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support is family involvement where possible, which should focus on promoting inclusion in events before and after the loss (e.g. visiting hospital to see a dying relative, attending the funeral, being able to visit the grave, etc.) and ensuring individuals have information about these events provided to them at their level of understanding and their choices respected, such as whether or not they want to attend a funeral service. By having the involvement of family and friends in an open and supporting dialogue with the individual, being mindful of the

82: 63: 915:, he summarizes his research. His findings include that a natural resilience is the main component of grief and trauma reactions. The first researcher to use pre-loss data, he outlined four trajectories of grief. Bonanno's work has also demonstrated that absence of grief or trauma symptoms is a healthy outcome, rather than something to be feared as has been the thought and practice until his research. Because grief responses can take many forms, including laughter, celebration, and bawdiness, in addition to 750:

change and integration. The second track focuses on the ongoing relationship between the griever and the deceased. Track two mainly focuses on how the bereaved was connected to the deceased, and on what level of closeness was shared. The two main components considered are memories, both positive and negative, and emotional involvement shared with the decedent. The stronger the relationship to the deceased, the greater the evaluation of the relationship with heightened shock.

1598: 1649: 746:, somatic concerns, traumatic responses, familial relationships, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, meaning structure, work, and investment in life tasks. Rubin (2010) points out, "Track 1, the range of aspects of the individual's functioning across affective, interpersonal, somatic and classical psychiatric indicators is considered". All of the terms listed above are noted for the importance they have in relation to people's responses to grief and loss. 8832: 1049: 8842: 1844: 754: 1550:(or survivor's guilt; also called survivor syndrome or survivor's syndrome) is a mental condition that occurs when a person perceives themselves to have done wrong by surviving a traumatic event when others did not. It may be found among survivors of combat, natural disasters, epidemics, among the friends and family of those who have died by suicide, and in non-mortal situations such as among those whose colleagues are laid off. 6912: 139: 6906: 134: 1805:

expressions of grief among this population. This difficulty of expressing the emotional impact of a loss in a neuronormative way is seen across neurodevelopmental disorders and often leads to their grief reactions going unrecognized and/or misunderstood by those around them; for example, authentic grief reactions in autistic individuals and/or individuals with an intellectual disability may just be labelled as

1224:, and showed a 50% decrease in their symptoms within a three-month period. The Mental Health Clinical Research team theorizes that the symptoms of complicated grief in bereaved elderly are an alternative of post-traumatic stress. These symptoms were correlated with cancer, hypertension, anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, increased smoking, and sleep impairments at around six months after spousal death. 1368: 1994:

mourning over it and showing sympathy, or are just curious and investigating the dead body. Elephants are thought to be able to discern relatives even from their remains. When encountering the body of a deceased elephant or human, elephants have been witnessed covering the body with vegetation and soil in what seems to be burial behavior. An episode of the seminal BBC documentary series

1517:, or oppositely become "over-achievers". Repetitive actions are not uncommon such as washing a car repeatedly or taking up repetitive tasks such as sewing, computer games, etc. It is an effort to stay above the grief. Childhood loss can predispose a child not only to physical illness but to emotional problems and an increased risk for suicide, especially in the adolescent period. 1202:(CGD), is a pathological reaction to loss representing a cluster of empirically derived symptoms that have been associated with long-term physical and psycho-social dysfunction. Individuals with PGD experience severe grief symptoms for at least six months and are stuck in a maladaptive state. An attempt is being made to create a diagnosis category for complicated grief in the 934:: "The ability of adults in otherwise normal circumstances who are exposed to an isolated and potentially highly disruptive event, such as the death of a close relation or a violent or life-threatening situation, to maintain relatively stable, healthy levels of psychological and physical functioning" as well as "the capacity for generative experiences and positive emotions". 1979:

chimpanzee mother of three who had died. The siblings stayed by their mother's body the whole day. Of the three siblings the youngest showed the most agitation by screaming and became depressed but was able to recover by the care of the two older siblings. However, the youngest refused behavior from the siblings that were similar to the mother. Another notable example is

1578:; through kidnapping; because the child voluntarily left home (either as a runaway or, for overage children, by leaving home legally); or because an adult refuses or is unable to have contact with a parent. This loss differs from the death of a child in that the grief process is prolonged or denied because of hope that the relationship will be restored. 1822:). Moreover, it is important that caregivers and family members of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders meet them at their level of understanding and allow them to process the loss and grief with assistance given where needed, and not to ignore the grief that these individuals undergo and the unique ways in which they may express their grief. 1253:. Examples of events leading to disenfranchised grief are the death of a friend, the loss of a pet, a trauma in the family a generation prior, the loss of a home or place of residence particularly in the case of children, who generally have little or no control in such situations, and whose grief may not be noticed or understood by caregivers. 1206:. It is currently an "area for further study" in the DSM, under the name Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder. Critics of including the diagnosis of complicated grief in the DSM-5 say that doing so will constitute characterizing a natural response as a pathology, and will result in wholesale medicating of people who are essentially normal. 1493:

parent or caregiver in helping the children adapt to a parent's death. However, losing a parent at a young age also has some positive effects. Some children had an increased maturity, better coping skills and improved communication. Adolescents who lost a parent valued other people more than those who have not experienced such a close loss.

1589:), sibling(s) leaving home, a friend, a faith in one's religion, etc. A person who strongly identifies with their occupation may feel a sense of grief if they have to stop their job due to retirement, being laid off, injury, or loss of certification. Those who have experienced a loss of trust will often also experience some form of grief. 785:

loss occurred, it is likely they will find difficulty in the process of working through the loss as well as their separation from the deceased. Along the relational aspect, the bereaved can become aware of their relationship with the deceased and how it has changed or may change in the future (Williams & Haley, 2017).

789:"The Two-Track Model of Bereavement can help specify areas of mutuality (how people respond affectivity to trauma and change) and also difference (how bereaved people may be preoccupied with the deceased following loss compared to how they may be preoccupied with trauma following the exposure to it)" (Rubin, S.S, 1999). 1446:

Grieving siblings are often referred to as the 'forgotten mourners' who are made to feel as if their grief is not as severe as their parents' grief. However, the sibling relationship tends to be the longest significant relationship of the lifespan and siblings who have been part of each other's lives

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Feelings of guilt, whether legitimate or not, are pervasive, and the dependent nature of the relationship disposes parents to a variety of problems as they seek to cope with this great loss. Parents who suffer miscarriage or a regretful or coerced abortion may experience resentment towards others who

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In most cases, parents find the grief almost unbearably devastating, and it tends to hold greater risk factors than any other loss. This loss also bears a lifelong process: one does not get 'over' the death but instead must assimilate and live with it. Intervention and comforting support can make all

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There are fewer support systems available for people who experience disenfranchised grief compared to those who are going through a widely recognized form of grief. Therefore, people who suffer disenfranchised grief undergo a more complicated grieving process. They may feel angry and depressed due to

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in terms of functioning, this model can help the bereaved identify which areas of his/her life has been impacted by the grief in a negative way as well as areas that the bereaved has already begun to adapt to after the loss. If the bereaved is unable to return to their normal functioning as in before

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An important aspect of supporting the processing of grief for those with neurodevelopmental disorders is narrative and storytelling, as this can help individuals understand death and loss and express their grief at a level appropriate to their own understanding. Moreover, another important aspect of

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In relation to the specific issue of child sexual abuse, it has been argued by some commentators that the concepts of loss and grief offer particularly useful analytical frames for understanding both the impact of child sexual abuse and therapeutic ways to respond to it. From this perspective, child

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describe losing 'half' of themselves. A factor is the manner in which the spouse died. The survivor of a spouse who died of an illness has a different experience of such loss than a survivor of a spouse who died by an act of violence. Often, the spouse who is "left behind" may suffer from depression

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From an evolutionary perspective, grief is perplexing because it appears costly, and it is not clear what benefits it provides the sufferer. Several researchers have proposed functional explanations for grief, attempting to solve this puzzle. Sigmund Freud argued that grief is a process of libidinal

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may seem counter intuitive. Bonanno has found that resilience is natural to humans, suggesting that it cannot be "taught" through specialized programs and that there is virtually no existing research with which to design resilience training, nor is there existing research to support major investment

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Ten main attributes to this track include: imagery/memory, emotional distance, positive effect, negative effect, preoccupation with the loss, conflict, idealization, memorialization/transformation of the loss, impact on self-perception and loss process (shock, searching, disorganized). An outcome of

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has described chimpanzees as exhibiting mournful behavior toward the loss of a group member with silence and by showing more attention to it. And they will often continue grooming it and stay close to the carcass until the group must move on without it. One example of this Goodall observed was of a

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The grief of living veteran soldiers is often ignored. Psychological effects and post traumatic syndrome disorder have been researched and studied but very few focus on grief and bereavement specifically. Additionally, there have been many studies conducted about families losing members who were in

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For a child, the death of a parent, without support to manage the effects of the grief, may result in long-term psychological harm. This is more likely if the adult carers are struggling with their own grief and are psychologically unavailable to the child. There is a critical role of the surviving

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When an adult child loses a parent in later adulthood, it is considered to be "timely" and to be a normative life course event. This allows the adult children to feel a permitted level of grief. However, research shows that the death of a parent in an adult's midlife is not a normative event by any

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An article by the NEJM (The New England Journal of Medicine) states complicated grief cases are multifactorial, and that complicated grief is distinguished from major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Evidence shows that complicated grief is a more severe and prolonged version of acute

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It is important to recognize when grief has turned into something more serious, thus mandating contacting a medical professional. Grief can result in depression or alcohol- and drug-abuse and, if left untreated, it can become severe enough to impact daily living. It recommends contacting a medical

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At a time when trust and dependency are formed, even mere separation can cause problems in well-being. This is especially true if the loss is around critical periods such as 8–12 months, when attachment and separation are at their height and even a brief separation from a parent or other caregiver

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When a parent or caregiver dies or leaves, children may have symptoms of psychopathology, but they are less severe than in children with major depression. The loss of a parent, grandparent or sibling can be very troubling in childhood, but even in childhood there are age differences in relation to

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Parents may feel they cannot openly discuss their grief and feel their emotions because of how their child died and how the people around them may perceive the situation. Parents, family members and service providers have all confirmed the unique nature of suicide-related bereavement following the

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Complicated grief is not synonymous with grief. Complicated grief is characterised by an extended grieving period and other criteria, including mental and physical impairments. An important part of understanding complicated grief is understanding how the symptoms differ from normal grief. The Mayo

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have previously suggested. The two-track model of bereavement, created by Simon Shimshon Rubin in 1981, provided a deeper focus on the grieving process. The model examines the long-term effects of bereavement by measuring how well the person is adapting to the loss of a significant person in their

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Each culture specifies manners such as rituals, styles of dress, or other habits, as well as attitudes, in which the bereaved are encouraged or expected to take part. An analysis of non-Western cultures suggests that beliefs about continuing ties with the deceased varies. In Japan, maintenance of

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Furthermore, most couples have a division of 'tasks' or 'labor', e.g., the husband mows the yard, the wife pays the bills, etc. which, in addition to dealing with great grief and life changes, means added responsibilities for the bereaved. Planning and financing a funeral can be very difficult if

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in the 1960s and 1970s in England noted increased doctor visits, with symptoms such as abdominal pain, breathing difficulties, and so forth in the first six months following a death. Others have noted increased mortality rates (Ward, A.W. 1976) and Bunch et al. found a five times greater risk of

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scans have been used to conclude that there is a high functional connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and amygdala activity, suggesting that the former regulates activity in the latter. In those people who had greater intensity of sadness, there was a low functional connection

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The significance of the closeness between the bereaved and the deceased is important to Track 1 because this could determine the severity of the mourning and grief the bereaved will endure. This first track is the response to the extremely stressful life events and requires adaptation along with

1797:, are able to process grief in a similar manner to neurotypical individuals. However, the ways in which others interact with individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders may impact the ways in which they perceive, process, and express their grief; this is typically seen in association with the 1152:

Other researchers such as Randolph Nesse have proposed that grief is a kind of psychological pain that orients the sufferer to a new existence without the deceased and creates a painful but instructive memory. If, for example, leaving an offspring alone at a watering hole led to the offspring's

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Since it is more difficult to study emotion in animals because of the lack of clear communication, in effort to study grief, research has been done on hormone levels. One study found that "females showed significant increases in stress hormones called glucocorticoids". The female baboons then

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The author Kara Tippetts described her dying of cancer, as dying "by degrees": her "body failing" and her "abilities vanishing". Milton Crum, writing about gradual bereavement says that "every degree of death, every death of a person's characteristics, every death of a person's abilities, is a

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have shown unusual behavior upon encountering the remains of another deceased elephant. They will often investigate it by touching and grabbing it with their trunks and have the whole herd stand around it for long periods of time until they must leave it behind. It is unknown whether they are

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Moreover, one of the main differences between those with an intellectual disability and those without is typically the ability to verbalize their feelings about the loss, which is why non-verbal cues and changes in behavior become so important, because these are usually signs of distress and

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Even as a child grows older, death is still difficult to fathom and this affects how a child responds. For example, younger children see death more as a separation, and may believe death is curable or temporary. Reactions can manifest themselves in "acting out" behaviors, a return to earlier

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Bereavement, while a normal part of life, carries a degree of risk when severe. Severe reactions affect approximately 10% to 15% of people. Severe reactions mainly occur in people with depression present before the loss event. Severe grief reactions may carry over into family relations. Some

721:. Loss can be categorized as either physical or abstract; physical loss is related to something that the individual can touch or measure, such as losing a spouse through death, while other types of loss are more abstract, possibly relating to aspects of a person's social interactions. 1127:

hyperactivity to reminders of their loss. In the case of the amygdala, this links to their sadness intensity. In those individuals who avoid such thoughts, there is a related opposite type of pattern in which there is a decrease in the activation of the dorsal amygdala and the

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is a normal and natural part of grieving. It has also been found, however, that crying and talking about the loss is not the only healthy response and, if forced or excessive, can be harmful. Responses or actions in the affected person, called "coping ugly" by researcher

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specific reuptake inhibitors such as Paroxetine. These inhibitors have been found to reduce intrusive thoughts, avoidant behaviors, and hyperarousal that are associated with complicated grief. In addition psychotherapy techniques are in the process of being developed.

1777:. The short story gives an inside look at how the American culture has learned to cope with the tribulations and difficulties of grief. The story is taught in the course, "The Politics of Mourning: Grief Management in a Cross-Cultural Fiction" at Columbia University. 1712:

Professionals can use multiple ways to help someone cope and move through their grief. Hypnosis is sometimes used as an adjunct therapy in helping patients experiencing grief. Hypnosis enhances and facilitates mourning and helps patients to resolve traumatic grief.

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Grief can be experienced as a result of losses due to causes other than death. For example, women who have been physically, psychologically or sexually abused often grieve over the damage to or the loss of their ability to trust. This is likely to be experienced as

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If siblings were not on good terms or close with each other, then intense feelings of guilt may ensue on the part of the surviving sibling (guilt may also ensue for having survived, not being able to prevent the death, having argued with their sibling, etc.)

1754:, an international group for bereaved parents. Other grief support groups are led by professionals, perhaps with the assistance of peers. Some support groups deal with specific problems, such as learning to plan meals and cook for only for one person. 1040:, however, is acknowledged as debunking the five stages of grief because his large body of peer-reviewed studies show that the vast majority of people who have experienced a loss are resilient and that there are multiple trajectories following loss. 729:

Between 1996 and 2006, there was extensive skepticism about a universal and predictable "emotional pathway" that leads from distress to "recovery" with an appreciation that grief is a more complex process of adapting to loss than stage and phase

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Mammals have demonstrated grief-like states, especially between a mother and her offspring. She will often stay close to her dead offspring for short periods of time and may investigate the reasons for the baby's non-response. For example, some

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behaviors such as thumb sucking, clinging to a toy or angry behavior. Though they do not have the maturity to mourn as an adult, they feel the same intensity. As children enter pre-teen and teen years, there is a more mature understanding.

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ties with the deceased is accepted and carried out through religious rituals. In the Hopi of Arizona, the women go into self-induced hallucinations where they conjure images of the deceased loved one to mourn and process their grief.

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is healthy. When a loved one dies, it is not unusual for the bereaved to report that they have "seen" or "heard" the person they have lost. Most people who have experienced this report feeling comforted. In a 2008 survey conducted by

1732:(consideration of the global significance of the loss of one's goals, and helping the family develop a greater appreciation of life). This meaning-making can come naturally for some, but many need direct intervention to "move on". 1809:

by those supporting and caring for them. As such, it is important when working with individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders to remember that they may express and understand their grief in non-neuronormative ways, such as in

1724:(PTSD), prolonged grief disorder, and depression. Directed writing helped many of the individuals who had experienced a loss of a significant relationship. It involved individuals trying to make meaning out of the loss through 2291:

Rubin, Simon Shimshon; Bar Nadav, Ofri; Malkinson, Ruth; Koren, Dan; Goffer-Shnarch, Moran; Michaeli, Ella (2009). "The Two-Track Model of Bereavement Questionnaire (TTBQ): Development and Validation of a Relational Measure".

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Many of the above examples of bereavement happen abruptly, but there are also cases of being gradually bereft of something or someone. For example, the gradual loss of a loved one by Alzheimer's produces a "gradual grief".

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scans of women from whom grief was elicited about the death of a mother or a sister in the past 5 years resulted in the conclusion that grief produced a local inflammation response as measured by salivary concentrations of

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measure, but is a major life transition causing an evaluation of one's own life or mortality. Others may shut out friends and family in processing the loss of someone with whom they have had the longest relationship.

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since birth, such as twins, help form and sustain each other's identities; with the death of one sibling comes the loss of that part of the survivor's identity because "your identity is based on having them there".

1974:, as well. The Royal Society suggests that, "Such interactions have been proposed to be related to maternal condition, attachment, environmental conditions or reflect a lack of awareness that the infant has died." 1801:, which leads to those with neurodevelopmental disorders often not being appropriately informed of a loss or its significance and excluded or discouraged from attending events related to the loss (e.g. funerals). 1772:

Different cultures grieve in different ways, but all have ways that are vital in healthy coping with the death of a loved one. The American family's approach to grieving was depicted in "The Grief Committee", by

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Children may experience the death of a friend or a classmate through illness, accidents, suicide, or violence. Initial support involves reassuring children that their emotional and physical feelings are normal.

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life. The main objective of the two-track model of bereavement is for the individual to "manage and live in reality in which the deceased is absent" as well as returning to normal biological functioning.

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the military but little about soldiers themselves. There are many monuments paying respect to those who were lost which emphasizes the lack of focus living veterans and soldiers get in regards to grief.

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researchers have found an increased risk of marital breakup following the death of a child, for example. Others have found no increase. John James, author of the Grief Recovery Handbook and founder of

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found limited empirical support in a study by Maciejewski et al. That is that the sequence was correct although Acceptance was highest at all points throughout the person's experience. The research of

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hens, although shocked for a moment when losing one of their young to a predator, will soon return to doing what they were doing before the predator attacked. However, some other waterbirds, such as

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grief than a completely different type of grief. While only affecting 2 to 3% of people in the world, complicated grief is usually contracted when a loved one dies suddenly and in a violent way.

896:. Subjects of his studies number in the several thousand and include people who have suffered losses in the U.S. and cross-cultural studies in various countries around the world, such as Israel, 1918:

Previously it was believed that grief was only a human emotion, but studies have shown that other animals have shown grief or grief-like states during the death of another animal, most notably

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sexual abuse may represent for many children multiple forms of loss: not only of trust but also loss of control over their bodies, loss of innocence and indeed loss of their very childhoods.

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Any memory could be a trigger for the bereaved, the way the bereaved chose to remember their loved ones, and how the bereaved integrate the memory of their loved ones into their daily lives.

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can cause children significant grief particularly if they are combined with other difficult circumstances such as neglectful or abusive parental behaviors, other significant losses, etc.

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Wakefield, Jerome C (2012). "Should prolonged grief be reclassified as a mental disorder in DSM-5?: reconsidering the empirical and conceptual arguments for complicated grief disorder".

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Science has found that some healthy people who are grieving do not spontaneously talk about the loss. Pressing people to cry or retell the experience of a loss can be damaging. Genuine

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Kamp, Karina Stengaard; Steffen, Edith Maria; Alderson-Day, Ben; Allen, Paul; Austad, Anne; Hayes, Jacqueline; Larøi, Frank; Ratcliffe, Matthew; Sabucedo, Pablo (4 November 2020).

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In the study "Bereavement and Late-Life Depression: Grief and its Complications in the Elderly" six subjects with symptoms of complicated grief were given a dose of Paroxetine, a

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While the grief response is considered a natural way of dealing with loss, prolonged, highly intense grief may at times become debilitating enough to be considered a disorder.

7393: 999:. Based on the uncredited earlier work of John Bowlby and Colin Murray-Parkes, Kübler-Ross actually applied the stages to people who were dying, not people who were grieving. 4151:

Cerel, Julie; Fristad, Mary A.; Verducci, Joseph; Weller, Ronald A.; Weller, Elizabeth B. (2006). "Childhood Bereavement: Psychopathology in the 2 Years Postparental Death".

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response to loss, grief also has physical, cognitive, behavioral, social, cultural, spiritual and philosophical dimensions. While the terms are often used interchangeably,

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Rosenzweig, Andrew; Prigerson, Holly; Miller, Mark D.; Reynolds, Charles F. (1997). "Bereavement and Late-Life Depression: Grief and Its Complications in the Elderly".

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are known to grieve for the loss of a partner or cygnet, and are known to engage in pining for days, weeks or even months at a time. Other species of swans such as the

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the lack of public validation which leads to the inability to fully express their sorrow. Moreover, they may not receive sufficient social support and feel isolated.

3782:, (Amityville, N. Y.: Belsey, A. (1998). Journalism and Ethics: Can They Co-exist? Matthew Kieran (Ed), 1–14. Retrieved from link.library.curtin.edu.au Press, 2003 2000:

shows this in detail – the elephants, upon finding a dead herd member, pause for several minutes at a time, and carefully touch and hold the dead creature's bones.

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in interpreting events. Lack of crying is also a natural, healthy reaction, potentially protective of the individual, and may also be seen as a sign of resilience.

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Lonsdorf, Elizabeth V.; Wilson, Michael L.; Boehm, Emily; Delaney-Soesman, Josephine; Grebey, Tessa; Murray, Carson; Wellens, Kaitlin; Pusey, Anne E. (July 2020).

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Ainsworth, Mary D. Salter; Bell, Silvia M. (1970). "Attachment, Exploration, and Separation: Illustrated by the Behavior of One-Year-Olds in a Strange Situation".

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will often sniff, poke, and look at its lifeless fawn before realizing it is dead and leaving it to rejoin the herd shortly afterwards. Other animals, such as a

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Bereaved people often report having sensory and quasi-sensory experiences of the deceased (SED), which were correlated with pathology like grief complications.

4299:"Examining longer-term effects of parental death in adolescents and young adults: Evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health" 3487:

Kempson, Diane; Conley, Virginia M.; Murdock, Victoria (2008). "Unearthing the Construct of Transgenerational Grief: The "Ghost" of the Sibling Never Known".

1970:

dies, the mother will carry the body around for several days before she may finally be able to move on without it; this behavior has been observed in other

5257:"Understanding the Neurodiversity of Grief: A Systematic Literature Review of Experiences of Grief and Loss in the Context of Neurodevelopmental Disorders" 709:

The grief associated with death is familiar to most people, but individuals grieve in connection with a variety of losses throughout their lives, such as

1720:

Lichtenthal and Cruess studied how bereavement-specific written disclosure had benefits in helping adjust to loss, and in helping improve the effects of

5421:

McEvoy, John; Smith, Elaine (2005). "Families Perceptions of the Grieving Process and Concept of Death in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities".

1750:

Support groups for bereaved individuals follow a diversity of patterns. Many are organized purely as peer-to-peer groups such as local chapters of the

1140:

between the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala activity, suggesting a lack of regulation of the former part of the brain upon the latter.

4788: 1938:

keep the dead bodies of their babies for a long time. Cats try to find their dead fellow with a mourning cry, and dogs and horses become depressed.

5321:

Gilrane-McGarry, U.; Taggart, L. (2007). "An exploration of the support received by people with intellectual disabilities who have been bereaved".

1502:

the loss. A very young child, under one or two, may be found to have no reaction if a carer dies, but other children may be affected by the loss.

1389: 5796: 5145: 2060: 1346:, or the death of an older child. Among adults over the age of 50, approximately 11% have been predeceased by at least one of their offspring. 8489: 5818: 1571: 1350:

the difference to the survival of a parent in this type of grief but the risk factors are great and may include family breakup or suicide.

4822:

van der Hart, Onno; Brown, Paul; Turco, Ronald N. (1990). "Hypnotherapy for Traumatic Grief: Janetian and Modern Approaches Integrated".

4413:"Disenfranchisement and Ambiguity in the Face of Loss: The Suffocated Grief of Sexual Assault Survivors: Sexual Assault, Loss, and Grief" 3557: 3001:

Winegard B. M.; Reynolds T.; Baumeister R. F.; Winegard B.; Maner J. K. (2014). "Grief functions as an honest indicator of commitment".

1209:

Shear and colleagues found an effective treatment for complicated grief, by treating the reactions in the same way as trauma reactions.

8805: 3970: 3793: 666: 6200: 7821: 5466:"Benefits and limits of peer support for mothers with intellectual disability affected by domestic violence and child protection" 3902: 3812: 1221: 6021: 5580: 3325: 883:, which have been published in several papers in the most respected peer-reviewed journals in the field of psychology, such as 7882: 7846: 5121: 4240: 2987:

Nesse, R. M. (2005). An evolutionary framework for understanding grief. In D. Carr, R. M. Nesse, & C. B. Wortman (Eds.),

2745: 2254: 844: 960:: When adjustment seems normal but then distress and symptoms increase months later. Researchers have not found evidence of 7816: 1064: 4883:

Buser, Trevor J.; Buser, Juleen K.; Gladding, Samuel T. (2005). "Good Grief: The Part of Arts in Healing Loss and Grief".

3393:"Complicated grief in those bereaved by violent death: the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder on complicated grief" 2589:"Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Extremely Aversive Events?" 1701:, professional support-groups or educational classes, and peer-led support groups. In the United States of America, local 1326:

depicts the death of Bathsheba's first child with David, who lamented, "I shall go to him, but he will not return to me" (

1265:, a child's loss of their birth parent to adoption, the death of a loved one due to a socially unacceptable cause such as 8118: 7237: 7141: 2757: 1092:. This activation also correlated with the free recall of grief-related word stimuli. This suggests that grief can cause 5768: 4770: 1227:

A treatment that has been found beneficial in dealing with the symptoms associated with complicated grief is the use of

7851: 5302: 5011: 4984: 2180: 4000: 8876: 7826: 7351: 5963: 5900: 5750: 1883: 1407: 1115:

Among those persons who have been bereaved within the previous three months of a given report, those who report many

2527:

Boelen, Paul A.; van de Schoot, Rens; van den Hout, Marcel A.; de Keijser, Jos; van den Bout, Jan (September 2010).

2138: 780:, Litza Williams and Eleanor Haley, state in their understanding of the clinical and therapeutic uses of the model: 7153: 4707:"Sensory and Quasi-Sensory Experiences of the Deceased in Bereavement: An Interdisciplinary and Integrative Review" 2065: 1896: 180: 6042:. New York: Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. 2007 (Independent Publisher Book Award for Aging/Death & Dying) 4658: 4092: 3811:

Lang, Diana; Cone, Nick; Lally, Martha; Valentine-French, Suzanne; Carter, Sarah; Hoiland, Sarah (1 August 2022).

3659: 8354: 7806: 7496: 7225: 1601:

A grief-stricken American soldier is comforted by a fellow soldier after a friend is killed in action during the

1254: 6028: 4523: 3526: 2472:

Lundorff, Marie; Holmgren, Helle; Zachariae, Robert; Farver-Vestergaard, Ingeborg; O'Connor, Maja (April 2017).

1942:

increased grooming, promoting physical touch, which releases "oxytocin, which inhibits glucocorticoid release".

1558: 7111: 5168: 3642: 1865: 1721: 1689:

Many people who grieve do not need professional help. Some, however, may seek additional support from licensed

1129: 945: 892: 5673:

What Defines Us: An Analysis of Grieving Behavior in Non-Human Primates as a Potential Evolutionary Adaptation

5255:

Mair, Ally Pax Arcari; Nimbley, Emy; McConachie, Doug; Goodall, Karen; Gillespie-Smith, Karri (3 April 2024).

5185: 3745: 7902: 7580: 7441: 7086: 2197: 1323: 948:, or PTSD), usually for a period of at least several months, and then gradually returns to pre-event levels". 659: 5503:

Clute, Mary Ann (2010). "Bereavement Interventions for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: What Works?".

4112:"Perspectives on the impact of early parent loss in adulthood in the UK: narratives provide the way forward" 3849:"Pregnancy after early pregnancy loss: A prospective study of anxiety, depressive symptomatology and coping" 2409:

Prigerson, Holly G.; Horowitz, Mardi J.; Jacobs, Selby C.; Parkes, Colin M.; Aslan, Mihaela; Goodkin, Karl;

8380: 7924: 7831: 7798: 7418: 6193: 4677: 1911: 1343: 1163: 31: 3044:

Bunch, J.; Barraclough, B.; Nelson, B.; Sainsbury, P. (1971). "Suicide following bereavement of parents".

2787: 7836: 7341: 4784: 1786: 1581:

Grief may occur after the loss of a romantic relationship (i.e. divorce or break up), a vocation, a pet (

908:, childhood diagnoses of AIDS, and other potentially devastating loss events or potential trauma events. 5687: 5186:"How Adults With an Intellectual Disability Experience Bereavement and Grief: A Qualitative Exploration" 2361:

Rubin, Simon Shimshon (1999). "The Two-Track Model of Bereavement: Overview, Retrospect, and Prospect".

1327: 7371: 3922:"Silenced Voices: hearing the stories of parents bereaved through suicide death of a young adult child" 2640: 2529:"Prolonged Grief Disorder, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder are distinguishable syndromes" 1566:

Parents may grieve due to loss of children through means other than death, for example through loss of

1199: 718: 97: 5028: 8203: 8073: 7451: 7346: 7148: 5787: 5465: 5184:

McRitchie, Robyn; McKenzie, Karen; Quayle, Ethel; Harlin, Margaret; Neumann, Katja (27 August 2013).

3777: 2085: 2075: 2070: 1996: 1751: 1124: 1085: 1081: 836:, 27% of respondents who had lost a loved one reported having had this kind of "contact" experience. 820:, may seem counter-intuitive or even appear dysfunctional, e.g., celebratory responses, laughter, or 175: 4297:

Feigelman, William; Rosen, Zohn; Joiner, Thomas; Silva, Caroline; Mueller, Anna S. (16 March 2017).

3833: 2474:"Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis" 2375: 1434:

and loneliness, and may feel it necessary to seek professional help in dealing with their new life.

81: 7304: 7269: 6310: 6117: 3730:

For a true account of one couples' experience with the stillbirth of their baby, see Brad Stetson,

2861: 2336: 2080: 1901: 1318: 1195: 1174:

Many studies have looked at the bereaved in terms of increased risks for stress-related illnesses.

652: 4928:"Effects of Directed Written Disclosure on Grief and Distress symptoms among Bereaved individuals" 3099:"Effects of Directed Written disclosure on Grief and Distress symptoms among bereaved individuals" 1382:

that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

992: 8681: 8676: 8604: 8526: 7811: 7446: 7361: 7205: 6928: 6420: 6186: 1854: 1794: 1069: 185: 3847:

Bergner, Annekathrin; Beyer, Reinhard; Klapp, Burghard F.; Rauchfuss, Martina (1 January 2008).

8716: 8609: 8349: 8255: 8220: 7841: 7652: 7568: 7289: 7232: 7096: 7026: 6878: 6617: 6213: 4640: 2370: 1861: 913:

The Other Side of Sadness: What the New Science of Bereavement Tells Us About Life After a Loss

627: 164: 154: 20: 6157: 6096: 4258:"Childhood bereavement and adult mortality: A 65-year follow-up of the Stockholm birth cohort" 4230: 3634: 3627: 2717: 8599: 8521: 8334: 8230: 8166: 8131: 7769: 7575: 7543: 7376: 7021: 6826: 6255: 5911:

Bereavement Groups and the Role of Social Support: Integrating Theory, Research, and Practice

4977:

Bereavement Groups and the Role of Social Support: Integrating Theory, Research, and Practice

3820: 3568: 2415:"Prolonged Grief Disorder: Psychometric Validation of Criteria Proposed for DSM-V and ICD-11" 2413:; Marwit, Samuel J.; Wortman, Camille; Neimeyer, Robert A.; Bonanno, George (4 August 2009). 2050: 1987:, who expressed sadness and even described sadness about the death of her pet cat, All Ball. 1532: 1522: 1258: 1241: 885: 800: 592: 3597: 3150: 1819: 1659: 8711: 8564: 8453: 8415: 8405: 8171: 7538: 7388: 7331: 7321: 7309: 7220: 7215: 7200: 7185: 7101: 7051: 7046: 6991: 6851: 6602: 5618: 3622: 2678: 1514: 1464: 1089: 965: 880: 367: 192: 5917:

Newson, Rachel S.; Boelen, Paul A.; Hek, Karin; Hofman, Albert; Tiemeier, Henning (2011).

4056:

Marshall, H (2004). "Midlife loss of parents: The Transition from Adult Child to Orphan".

3279:

Newson, Rachel S.; Boelen, Paul A.; Hek, Karin; Hofman, Albert; Tiemeier, Henning (2011).

984: 978: 8: 8871: 8771: 8636: 7936: 7677: 7657: 7637: 7600: 7489: 7336: 7299: 7284: 7254: 7195: 7180: 7136: 7121: 7016: 7006: 6652: 1586: 1175: 954:: Prolonged suffering and inability to function, usually lasting several years or longer. 920: 876: 872: 622: 357: 149: 6063: 5622: 5295:

Am I Allowed to Cry?: Study of Bereavement Amongst People Who Have Learning Difficulties

3408: 2682: 8817: 8721: 8661: 8621: 8569: 8501: 8473: 8385: 8339: 7931: 7563: 7533: 7294: 7274: 7259: 7249: 7190: 7170: 7131: 7126: 7091: 7076: 7036: 6996: 6868: 6607: 6597: 6245: 5874: 5847: 5647: 5606: 5536: 5446: 5398: 5366:"What we have learnt about trauma, loss and grief for children in response to COVID-19" 5346: 5224: 5139: 4952: 4927: 4908: 4858: 4747: 4706: 4616: 4583: 4551: 4504: 4487:

Leek Openshaw, L (April 2011). "School-based support groups for traumatized students".

4388: 4331: 4298: 4203: 4164: 4073: 3884: 3713: 3504: 3417: 3392: 3256: 3231: 3123: 3098: 3061: 3026: 2939: 2914: 2890: 2865: 2722: 2616: 2509: 2449: 2414: 2317: 2213: 2090: 2055: 2008: 1679: 1305: 897: 617: 462: 159: 5715: 2690: 1959:, will pick up its cub in its mouth and place it somewhere else before abandoning it. 738:

Track One is focused on the biopsychosocial functioning of grief. This focuses on the

8881: 8589: 8584: 8428: 8410: 8043: 8031: 7279: 7106: 7081: 7058: 7031: 6846: 6836: 6693: 6683: 6550: 6477: 6410: 6380: 6009: 6001: 5959: 5940: 5896: 5879: 5746: 5692: 5652: 5634: 5528: 5520: 5485: 5450: 5438: 5403: 5385: 5350: 5338: 5298: 5272: 5228: 5216: 5208: 5164: 5127: 5117: 5092: 5084: 5036: 5007: 4980: 4957: 4912: 4900: 4839: 4752: 4734: 4726: 4621: 4603: 4543: 4508: 4393: 4375: 4336: 4318: 4279: 4236: 4211: 4168: 4133: 4128: 4111: 4077: 3943: 3938: 3921: 3876: 3868: 3753: 3717: 3705: 3638: 3508: 3469: 3461: 3422: 3373: 3302: 3261: 3216: 3185: 3128: 3018: 2944: 2895: 2881: 2843: 2795: 2783: 2741: 2694: 2608: 2556: 2548: 2513: 2501: 2493: 2454: 2436: 2388: 2321: 2309: 2250: 2225: 2217: 2176: 1963: 1906: 1745: 1562:

People who lose their jobs, such as these people in California, may experience grief.

1468: 1116: 1021: 821: 805: 743: 602: 517: 507: 447: 352: 317: 169: 117: 70: 5607:"Why chimpanzees carry dead infants: an empirical assessment of existing hypotheses" 5555: 5540: 4555: 3888: 3000: 8845: 8798: 8696: 8511: 8506: 8463: 8240: 8235: 8021: 7887: 7877: 7779: 7764: 7749: 7700: 7553: 7436: 7242: 7210: 6883: 6841: 6757: 6752: 5993: 5930: 5869: 5859: 5671: 5642: 5626: 5512: 5477: 5430: 5393: 5377: 5330: 5264: 5200: 5074: 4947: 4939: 4892: 4835: 4831: 4742: 4718: 4611: 4595: 4535: 4496: 4424: 4383: 4367: 4326: 4310: 4269: 4195: 4160: 4123: 4065: 3933: 3860: 3697: 3591: 3589: 3496: 3453: 3412: 3404: 3365: 3292: 3251: 3243: 3212: 3177: 3118: 3110: 3065: 3053: 3030: 3010: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2885: 2877: 2866:"When grief heats up: Pro-inflammatory cytokines predict regional brain activation" 2833: 2686: 2620: 2600: 2540: 2485: 2444: 2426: 2410: 2380: 2301: 2209: 1774: 1717:

may also be used to allow the bereaved to process their grief in a non-verbal way.

1698: 1291: 1109: 1093: 632: 607: 552: 547: 5481: 5464:

Collings, Susan; Strnadová, Iva; Loblinzk, Julie; Danker, Joanne (15 March 2020).

4810: 4355: 4314: 2113: 2019:) are known to grieve in response to the death or loss of their mate or offspring. 1459: 919:, Bonanno coined the phrase "coping ugly" to describe the idea that some forms of 8786: 8751: 8701: 8656: 8631: 8270: 8141: 8000: 7872: 7867: 7784: 7734: 7727: 7715: 7625: 7398: 7366: 7264: 7071: 7063: 7001: 6888: 6507: 6122: 6052: 5953: 5772: 5204: 5001: 4943: 4539: 4371: 4274: 4257: 3960:

See Gerald Rochelle, Goodbye: grief from beginning to end, Cambridge House, 2013.

3685: 3549: 3369: 3181: 3114: 2645: 2431: 1790: 1729: 1183:

in teens following the death of a parent. Bereavement also increases the risk of

941: 427: 4444:

Child Sexual Abuse Training Programme For Foster Parents With Teenage Placements

3701: 3586: 8866: 8835: 8559: 8390: 8151: 8086: 7919: 7897: 7774: 7722: 7482: 7423: 7356: 7175: 6856: 6816: 6742: 6390: 5434: 5381: 5268: 4004: 2528: 2473: 2246:

Cognitive Grief Therapy: Constructing a Rational Meaning to Life Following Loss

1980: 1815: 1725: 1547: 1385: 1037: 940:: When "normal functioning temporarily gives way to threshold or sub-threshold 862: 833: 817: 537: 332: 8292: 6111: 5935: 5918: 5079: 5062: 4738: 4069: 3864: 3558:"Moving and Children's Social Connections: the critical importance of context" 3297: 3280: 2761: 2604: 2544: 2489: 2305: 848:

Grief can be caused by the loss of one's home and possessions, as occurs with

8860: 8594: 8579: 8536: 8494: 8448: 8282: 8260: 8136: 8103: 7995: 7970: 7431: 7116: 6800: 6666: 6518: 6487: 6415: 6320: 6005: 5765: 5638: 5524: 5489: 5442: 5389: 5365: 5342: 5334: 5276: 5256: 5212: 5131: 5088: 5040: 4904: 4859:"Hypnotherapy for Traumatic Grief: Janetian and modern approaches integrated" 4730: 4722: 4607: 4599: 4500: 4379: 4322: 4283: 4001:"P. Gill White, Ph.D., "Loss of an Adult Sibling" Accessed September 7, 2015" 3872: 3757: 3709: 3465: 3247: 3014: 2961:

Freud, S. (1957). Mourning and Melancholia. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.),

2799: 2552: 2497: 2440: 2221: 1984: 1811: 1741: 1567: 961: 758: 691: 577: 407: 362: 327: 277: 105: 101: 93: 62: 5864: 5848:"The Salience of Family Worldview in Mourning an Elderly Husband and Father" 4256:

Hiyoshi, A; Berg, L; Grotta, A; Almquist, Y; Rostila, M (1 September 2020).

3848: 2965:(Vol. 14, pp. 152–70). London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published 1917) 2384: 1705:

agencies may provide a first contact for those seeking bereavement support.

1135:

In those not so emotionally affected by reminders of their loss, studies of

1096:, and that this reaction is linked to the emotional processing parts of the 8810: 8691: 8574: 8458: 8375: 8299: 8287: 8146: 8053: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7908: 7759: 7739: 7682: 7667: 7558: 7403: 7316: 7160: 6612: 6540: 6427: 6290: 6013: 5976:. New York: Upper West Side Philosophers, Inc. 2016 (Living Now Gold Award) 5944: 5883: 5656: 5532: 5407: 5220: 4961: 4756: 4625: 4547: 4397: 4340: 4172: 4137: 3947: 3880: 3780:

Living Victims, Stolen Lives: Parents of Murdered Children Speak to America

3473: 3426: 3306: 3265: 3189: 3132: 3079: 3022: 2948: 2899: 2847: 2838: 2821: 2698: 2612: 2560: 2505: 2471: 2458: 2392: 2313: 1975: 1694: 1690: 1484:

In developed countries, people typically lose parents after the age of 50.

1184: 1105: 1097: 905: 710: 252: 5997: 5111: 5096: 4896: 4843: 4412: 4215: 3457: 3377: 2989:

Late life widowhood in the United States: Spousal bereavement in late life

2229: 1597: 8766: 8761: 8731: 8686: 8666: 8651: 8646: 8626: 8543: 8468: 8438: 8395: 8225: 8108: 7744: 7710: 7642: 7620: 7615: 7605: 6970: 6943: 6782: 6720: 6592: 6560: 6482: 6462: 6355: 6152: 5919:"The Prevalence and Characteristics of Complicated Grief in Older Adults" 4805: 3281:"The prevalence and characteristics of complicated grief in older adults" 2963:

The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud

2526: 2045: 1714: 1582: 1575: 1335: 1166:, reported that his marriage broke up after the death of his infant son. 1101: 457: 402: 302: 6079: 5981: 5630: 3441: 2913:

Freed, Peter J.; Yanagihara, Ted K.; Hirsch, Joy; Mann, J. John (2009).

1648: 8736: 8706: 8671: 8641: 8614: 8516: 8344: 8304: 8156: 8113: 8091: 8058: 7754: 7672: 7630: 7610: 7520: 7408: 6767: 6637: 6447: 6340: 6335: 6235: 6230: 5364:

Fitzgerald, Dominic A.; Nunn, Kenneth; Isaacs, David (September 2021).

4428: 4207: 3500: 3057: 2032: 1868: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1728:(making sense of what happened and the cause of the death), or through 1602: 1339: 1026: 1016: 988: 706:

refers to the state of loss, while grief is the reaction to that loss.

562: 487: 377: 287: 217: 212: 75: 5516: 5161:

The Politics of Mourning: Grief Management in a Cross-Cultural Fiction

4522:

Hutson, Sadie P.; Hall, Joanne M.; Pack, Frankie L. (1 January 2015).

3203:

Bonanno, George A. (2006). "Is Complicated Grief a Valid Construct?".

2976:

The nature of grief: The evolution and psychology of reactions to loss

2820:

MacIejewski, P. K.; Zhang, B.; Block, S. D.; Prigerson, H. G. (2007).

2337:"Understanding The Two-Track Model of Bereavement - What's Your Grief" 2198:"A two-track model of bereavement: Theory and application in research" 2146: 2023:

Some birds seem to lack the perception of grief or quickly accept it;

1048: 8781: 8776: 8741: 8531: 8423: 8208: 8161: 8098: 8063: 8038: 7914: 7595: 7590: 6958: 6933: 6920: 6863: 6809: 6703: 6678: 6647: 6555: 6512: 6492: 6442: 6437: 6375: 6370: 6345: 6285: 6265: 6250: 6240: 6128: 6057: 3534: 2028: 2012: 1270: 1228: 901: 879:, conducted more than two decades of scientific studies on grief and 868: 699: 695: 683: 612: 582: 502: 482: 452: 432: 412: 312: 292: 247: 227: 222: 8359: 6166: 4785:""Interim Hospice Bereavement and Grief" Accessed September 5, 2015" 4199: 4153:

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

1843: 686:, particularly to the loss of someone or some living thing that has 8756: 8726: 8277: 8265: 8198: 8026: 7695: 7662: 7548: 7528: 6953: 6948: 6938: 6873: 6710: 6632: 6622: 6587: 6574: 6457: 6400: 6350: 6330: 2588: 1990: 1971: 1919: 1763: 1262: 1120: 1057: 828: 804:

A family mourns during a funeral at the Lion's cemetery during the

753: 527: 477: 467: 387: 342: 297: 53: 24: 6178: 6133: 5604: 4441: 3794:"Understanding About Grief | PsychologistAnywhereAnytime.com" 1053: 8793: 8433: 8400: 8245: 8193: 7954: 7892: 7705: 7585: 7383: 6963: 6911: 6905: 6831: 6791: 6777: 6772: 6762: 6673: 6533: 6432: 6395: 6365: 6360: 6325: 6305: 6295: 6280: 6222: 6209: 3355: 2024: 1967: 1702: 1266: 1250: 1180: 916: 849: 762: 739: 714: 597: 572: 567: 557: 372: 337: 307: 282: 267: 257: 242: 138: 133: 125: 5029:"For Many Widows, the Hardest Part Is Mealtime (Published 2019)" 1334:

Death of a child can take the form of a loss in infancy such as

8746: 8443: 8213: 8081: 8005: 7647: 7413: 6747: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6579: 6526: 6385: 6300: 6106: 6091: 5463: 3232:"Treatment of Complicated Grief: A Randomized Controlled Trial" 3043: 2035:

have also been observed mourning the loss of a close relative.

1935: 1006: 812: 542: 437: 322: 262: 7394:

Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems

4685:

Association of Hospice and Palliative Care Chaplains in the UK

4570:

The Grief Recovery Handbook, 20th Anniversary Expanded Edition

4027:

Sibling Grief: Healing After the Death of a Sister or Brother

2819: 8329: 8309: 8048: 7505: 6895: 6821: 6715: 6688: 6567: 6497: 6467: 6405: 6275: 6270: 5183: 3810: 2718:"Dance, Laugh, Drink. Save the Date: It's a Ghanaian Funeral" 2408: 1780: 1430: 1203: 1033: 1011: 731: 637: 587: 532: 512: 417: 392: 347: 237: 232: 5254: 5163:. Rosemont Publishing Company, Associated University Press. 4704: 3533:. Nat'l Inst for Trauma and Loss in Children. Archived from 3391:

Nakajima, S.; Ito, M.; Shirai, A.; Konishi, T. (June 2012).

2290: 6698: 6659: 6642: 6545: 6472: 6452: 6260: 6020:

Smith, Melinda; Robinson, Lawrence; Segal, Jeanne. (1997).

3919: 1956: 1952: 1931: 1923: 1379:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

1136: 1076: 1043: 687: 522: 497: 492: 442: 397: 382: 4150: 3846: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2570: 1697:. Support resources available to the bereaved may include 987:, commonly known as the five stages of grief, describes a 757:

An Iranian mother mourning her son, who was killed in the

6627: 6315: 5819:"Male Swan Holds Vigil at Nest After Teens Kill His Mate" 4296: 4255: 3629:

Military Brats: Legacies of Childhood Inside the Fortress

2912: 2860: 1927: 1084:. These responses were correlated with activation in the 924:

in such things as military resilience training programs.

472: 272: 7474: 5676:(Thesis). University of Colorado at Boulder. p. 49. 5067:

American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research

3732:

Tender Fingerprints: A True Story of Loss and Resolution

3390: 3144: 3142: 3096: 2822:"An Empirical Examination of the Stage Theory of Grief" 2567: 1257:

in particular moving a great deal while growing up, an

1249:

is a term describing grief that is not acknowledged by

900:, and China. His subjects suffered losses through war, 856: 5320: 4999: 4925: 4821: 4109: 3746:"A Child's Death Brings 'Trauma That Doesn't Go Away'" 1626: 1261:

pregnancy, a parent's loss or surrender of a child to

5916: 4584:"Grief in Veterans: An Unexplored Consequence of War" 4356:"Epidemiology of youth suicide and suicidal behavior" 3565:

Center for Research on Child Wellbeing Working Papers

3520: 3518: 3278: 3236:

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association

2826:

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association

6069: 5363: 5261:

Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

4582:

Lubens, Pauline; Silver, Roxane Cohen (March 2019).

3853:

Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology

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(2018). 5845: 5423:The British Journal of Development Disabilities 5063:"Unresolved Grief and Mourning in Navajo Women" 5003:The Group: Seven Widowed Fathers Reimagine Life 4857:Hart, O.; Brown, P.; Turco, R.N. 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James and Russell Friedman, 3981:from the original on 18 October 2023 3743: 3683: 3272: 2668: 1866:adding citations to reliable sources 1837: 1828:double taboo of death and disability 1799:double taboo of death and disability 1643: 1454: 1424: 1361: 1255:American military children and teens 1190: 857:Bonanno's four trajectories of grief 6208: 5740: 4974: 4795: 2202:American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 2086:Postponement of affect § Grief 1627:Sensory experiences of the deceased 1354:experience successful pregnancies. 1285: 968:appears to be a genuine phenomenon. 724: 13: 7852:List of ways people honor the dead 6053:"Grieving: A study of bereavement" 5839: 5788:"Animals grieve just as people do" 5554:Kluger, Jefferey (15 April 2013). 5505:OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 5429:(100). Informa UK Limited: 17–25. 5311: 5283: 5235: 5199:(3). Informa UK Limited: 179–185. 4791:from the original on 6 April 2015. 4641:"The Gradual Grief of Alzheimer's" 4165:10.1097/01.chi.0000215327.58799.05 3813:"Grief, Bereavement, and Mourning" 3690:OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 3684:Corr, Charles A. (February 1999). 3397:Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2760:. 13 February 2012. Archived from 2214:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1981.tb01352.x 1585:), a home, children leaving home ( 14: 8893: 7883:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality 6046: 6027:Span, Paula. (29 December 2011). 5511:(2). SAGE Publications: 163–177. 5329:(2). SAGE Publications: 129–144. 5000:Rosenstein, D.; Yopp, J. (2018). 4588:American Journal of Public Health 4411:Bordere, Tashel (February 2017). 4262:European Journal of Public Health 3744:Span, Paula (29 September 2017). 3596:Oesterreich, Lesia (April 2004). 3409:10.31887/DCNS.2012.14.2/snakajima 2691:10.1038/scientificamerican0311-28 1735: 944:(e.g., symptoms of depression or 8840: 8831: 8830: 6910: 6904: 6040:November Rose: A Speech on Death 5811: 5778: 5759: 5734: 5708: 5680: 5663: 5598: 5573: 5547: 5496: 5457: 5116:(Ninth ed.). New York, NY. 4229:Frankiel, Rita V. (March 1994). 4129:10.1111/j.1365-2354.2008.00963.x 4044:Surviving the Death of a Sibling 3971:"Grieving the Loss of a Sibling" 3939:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2009.00886.x 3217:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2006.00014.x 3149:Allen Frances (14 August 2010). 2882:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.049 1842: 1758:Cultural differences in grieving 1647: 1366: 1119:about the deceased show ventral 137: 132: 61: 8841: 6029:The unspoken diagnosis: Old age 5986:New England Journal of Medicine 5414: 5357: 5177: 5152: 5103: 5054: 5020: 4993: 4968: 4919: 4876: 4777: 4763: 4698: 4669: 4659:"By Degrees – Living and Dying" 4651: 4632: 4575: 4562: 4515: 4489:School Psychology International 4480: 4465: 4450: 4435: 4404: 4347: 4290: 4249: 4232:Essential Papers on Object Loss 4222: 4179: 4144: 4116:European Journal of Cancer Care 4103: 4091:Scherer, Zachary (6 May 2019). 4084: 4049: 4032: 4019: 3993: 3963: 3954: 3913: 3895: 3840: 3804: 3798:psychologistanywhereanytime.com 3786: 3771: 3737: 3724: 3677: 3480: 3446:New England Journal of Medicine 3433: 3384: 3223: 3161: 3090: 3072: 3037: 2994: 2981: 2968: 2955: 2906: 2854: 2813: 2776: 2750: 2730: 2641:"New Ways to Think About Grief" 2520: 2465: 2354: 1853:needs additional citations for 1553: 1475: 1312:(Library of Congress, 1974), 7. 1169: 5923:Journal of Affective Disorders 5370:Paediatric Respiratory Reviews 5323:Journal of Research in Nursing 4836:10.1080/00029157.1990.10402833 4093:"When do We Lose Our Parents?" 3285:Journal of Affective Disorders 2931:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.01.019 2533:Journal of Affective Disorders 2478:Journal of Affective Disorders 2328: 2284: 2263: 2249:. W. W. Norton & Company. 2236: 2189: 2131: 1793:individuals and those with an 1722:post-traumatic stress disorder 1487: 1130:dorsolateral prefrontal cortex 1068:Grief in art: grave statue at 946:post-traumatic stress disorder 893:Journal of Abnormal Psychology 1: 7903:Maternal mortality in fiction 5556:"The Mystery of animal Grief" 5482:10.1080/09687599.2019.1647150 4360:Current Opinion in Pediatrics 4315:10.1080/07481187.2016.1226990 4268:(Supplement_5): ckaa165.051. 3527:"Moving Can Become Traumatic" 2978:. London, England: Routledge. 2196:Rubin, Simon (January 1981). 2143:Hospice Foundation of America 2097: 1833: 1539:Loss of a friend or classmate 1324:Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld 1299:It is a fearful thing to love 7817:Expressions related to death 7770:Medical declaration of death 7419:Social emotional development 5716:"The Depths of Animal Grief" 5585:National Wildlife Federation 5205:10.1080/07481187.2012.738772 4944:10.1080/07481187.2010.483332 4540:10.1097/ANS.0000000000000058 4372:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833063e1 4042:, P. Gill White, Ph.D.; and 3556:Pettit, Becky (March 2000). 3370:10.1146/annurev.med.48.1.421 3182:10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182482155 3115:10.1080/07481187.2010.483332 2432:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000121 2066:Intuitive–instrumental grief 1912:National Gallery of Victoria 1787:neurodevelopmental disorders 1164:the Grief Recovery Institute 795: 32:Bereavement (disambiguation) 7: 7837:Preventable causes of death 6665: 6035:. Retrieved 8 February 2012 5893:Grief—A Philosophical Guide 5006:. Oxford University Press. 4528:Advances in Nursing Science 4097:United States Census Bureau 3702:10.2190/ld26-42a6-1eav-3mdn 2587:Bonanno, George A. (2004). 2175:. Random House Publishing. 2038: 1983:, a gorilla who was taught 1513:Adolescents may respond by 98:mental health professionals 10: 8898: 5611:Royal Society Open Science 5435:10.1179/096979505799103803 5382:10.1016/j.prrv.2021.05.009 5297:. London: Souvenir Press. 5269:10.1007/s40489-024-00447-0 5159:Almeida, Rochelle (2004). 5110:Santrock, John W. (2018). 4275:10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.051 3489:Illness, Crisis & Loss 2738:Love Stories of Later Life 2171:Rando, Therese A. (1991). 1945: 1761: 1739: 1677: 1634: 1357: 1289: 1239: 1200:complicated grief disorder 1082:pro-inflammatory cytokines 976: 860: 29: 18: 8826: 8552: 8482: 8368: 8322: 8204:Consciousness after death 8184: 8127: 8072: 8014: 7963: 7952: 7945: 7860: 7797: 7691: 7512: 7504: 7462: 6981: 6919: 6902: 6221: 6143: 6073: 5936:10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.021 5771:29 September 2015 at the 5670:Fiore, Robin (May 2013). 5080:10.5820/aian.0202.1988.32 4461:. Barkingside: Barnardos. 4446:. Barkingside: Barnardos. 4070:10.1007/s12126-004-1004-5 3865:10.1080/01674820701687521 3358:Annual Review of Medicine 3298:10.1016/j.jad.2011.02.021 2605:10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.20 2545:10.1016/j.jad.2010.01.076 2490:10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.030 2306:10.1080/07481180802705668 2076:Major depressive disorder 2071:List of counseling topics 1198:(PGD), formerly known as 1125:anterior cingulate cortex 1086:anterior cingulate cortex 89: 69: 60: 49: 44: 8877:Funeral-related industry 8605:Personification of death 7827:People by cause of death 7352:in virtual communication 5909:Hoy, William G. (2016). 5891:Cholbi, Michael (2022). 5470:Disability & Society 5335:10.1177/1744987106075611 4975:Hoy, William G. (2016). 4806:MedlinePlus Encyclopedia 4678:"Bereavement: Long Term" 4600:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304924 4501:10.1177/0143034311400830 3248:10.1001/jama.293.21.2601 3015:10.1177/1088868314521016 2243:Malkinson, Ruth (2007). 2003: 1902:August Friedrich Schenck 1196:Prolonged grief disorder 1156: 8682:Death-positive movement 8527:Post-mortem photography 7807:Causes of death by rate 7735:Death by natural causes 5743:Notes Of A Desolate Man 5293:Oswin, Maureen (1991). 4979:. New York: Routledge. 4472:Pringle, Keith (1995). 4457:Pringle, Keith (1990). 3660:"Disenfranchised Grief" 3603:. Iowa State University 2385:10.1080/074811899200731 1795:intellectual disability 1281:Examples of bereavement 1144:Evolutionary hypotheses 1070:Vienna Central Cemetery 958:Delayed grief or trauma 761:over 20 years earlier. 56:; grieving; bereavement 8717:Fascination with death 8355:Reincarnation research 8350:Out-of-body experience 7812:Notable deaths by year 7653:Immunogenic cell death 7569:Temporal lobe necrosis 6969: 6808: 6799: 6790: 6566: 6532: 5913:. New York: Routledge. 4723:10.1093/schbul/sbaa113 4029:(iUniverse, 2006), 47. 3828:Cite journal requires 2862:O'Connor, Mary-Frances 2839:10.1001/jama.297.7.716 2020: 1915: 1656:This section is empty. 1606: 1563: 1472: 1388:by rewriting it in an 1331: 1315: 1310:The Instant of Knowing 1072: 1061: 853: 809: 787: 766: 165:Emotional intelligence 21:Grief (disambiguation) 8522:Post-mortem chemistry 8335:Near-death experience 8231:Desecration of graves 8167:Postmortem caloricity 8132:Beating heart cadaver 7576:Programmed cell death 7544:Liquefactive necrosis 6055:by Megan O'Rourke at 5998:10.1056/NEJMcp1315618 5865:10.1093/geront/gnr148 5581:"When Animals Grieve" 4897:10.1300/j456v01n03_10 4645:ChristianityToday.com 3623:Wertsch, Mary Edwards 3458:10.1056/NEJMcp1315618 2919:Biological Psychiatry 2593:American Psychologist 2051:Anomalous experiences 2011: 1899: 1752:Compassionate Friends 1740:Further information: 1600: 1561: 1523:disenfranchised grief 1497:Loss during childhood 1462: 1322:This 1860 woodcut by 1321: 1301:What Death can touch. 1296: 1259:aborted or miscarried 1247:Disenfranchised grief 1242:Disenfranchised grief 1236:Disenfranchised grief 1067: 1051: 1002:The five stages are: 993:Elisabeth Kübler-Ross 886:Psychological Science 847: 803: 782: 756: 8712:Festival of the Dead 8610:Dying-and-rising god 8565:Chinese burial money 8454:Prohibition of dying 8406:Death-qualified jury 8172:Post-mortem interval 7832:Premature obituaries 7539:Coagulative necrosis 7389:Group affective tone 5775:, The Swan Sanctuary 4663:Mundane Faithfulness 4058:Ageing International 2786:(6 September 2004). 2736:Barusch, A. (2008). 1862:improve this article 1807:challenging behavior 1685:Professional support 1640:Pecuniary assistance 1506:can cause distress. 1465:Maria II of Portugal 1269:, or the death of a 1090:orbitofrontal cortex 991:first introduced by 368:Emotional Detachment 19:For other uses, see 8772:Philosophy of death 8637:Death from laughter 7937:Perinatal mortality 7678:Mitotic catastrophe 7658:Ischemic cell death 7601:Intrinsic apoptosis 7549:Gangrenous necrosis 7442:constructed emotion 7112:functional accounts 5982:"Complicated Grief" 5631:10.1098/rsos.200931 5623:2020RSOS....700931L 4665:. 29 December 2014. 4459:Managing to Survive 3442:"Complicated Grief" 3332:. 29 September 2011 3326:"Complicated grief" 2974:Archer, J. (1999). 2683:2011SciAm.304c..28S 2671:Scientific American 1614:Gradual bereavement 1593:Veteran bereavement 1587:empty nest syndrome 1431:widows and widowers 1176:Colin Murray Parkes 973:"Five stages" model 952:Chronic dysfunction 911:In Bonanno's book, 877:Columbia University 873:clinical psychology 840:Bereavement science 8818:Thanatosensitivity 8722:Hierarchy of death 8662:Death notification 8570:Coins for the dead 8502:Forensic pathology 8386:Capital punishment 8340:Near-death studies 7932:Mortality salience 7564:Fibrinoid necrosis 7534:Avascular necrosis 7342:in decision-making 6583:(sense of purpose) 6144:External resources 6038:Stengel, Kathrin, 6033:The New York Times 5033:The New York Times 4429:10.1111/fare.12231 3750:The New York Times 3501:10.2190/IL.16.4.aa 3230:Shear, K. (2005). 3155:The New York Times 3086:. 10 January 2012. 3058:10.1007/BF00578368 2784:Nuland, Sherwin B. 2764:on 13 January 2011 2723:The New York Times 2091:Thanatosensitivity 2056:Anticipatory grief 2021: 1916: 1680:bereavement flight 1607: 1564: 1473: 1442:Death of a sibling 1390:encyclopedic style 1377:is written like a 1342:, neonatal death, 1332: 1306:Josephine Jacobsen 1117:intrusive thoughts 1073: 1062: 997:On Death and Dying 995:in her 1969 book, 898:Bosnia-Herzegovina 867:George Bonanno, a 854: 810: 778:What's Your Grief? 767: 8854: 8853: 8590:Death anniversary 8585:Death and culture 8429:Dying declaration 8411:Death certificate 8318: 8317: 8180: 8179: 8032:Neuropreservation 7822:Natural disasters 7793: 7792: 7472: 7471: 7059:Appeal to emotion 6837:Social connection 6176: 6175: 5972:Schmid, Wilhelm, 5852:The Gerontologist 5741:wen, Chu (2005). 5696:. 10 January 1985 5693:Los Angeles Times 5517:10.2190/om.61.2.e 5123:978-1-259-70878-7 4242:978-0-8147-2607-5 4188:Child Development 4007:on 12 August 2015 3658:Stepp, G (2007). 3046:Social Psychiatry 2746:978-0-19-531404-5 2411:Raphael, Beverley 2341:What's Your Grief 2256:978-0-393-70439-6 1904:'s 1878 painting 1894: 1893: 1886: 1746:Bereavement group 1676: 1675: 1455:Death of a parent 1425:Death of a spouse 1418: 1417: 1410: 1313: 1191:Complicated grief 985:Kübler-Ross model 979:Kübler-Ross model 822:self-serving bias 806:Siege of Sarajevo 776:The authors from 677: 676: 603:Social connection 111: 110: 39:Medical condition 8889: 8844: 8843: 8834: 8833: 8814: 8799:Assisted suicide 8697:Death trajectory 8512:Mortuary science 8507:Funeral director 8498: 8464:Suspicious death 8236:Eternal oblivion 8022:Cryopreservation 7961: 7960: 7950: 7949: 7888:Infant mortality 7878:Excess mortality 7780:Terminal illness 7765:Lazarus syndrome 7750:End-of-life care 7701:Accidental death 7554:Caseous necrosis 7517: 7516: 7499: 7492: 7485: 7476: 7475: 7447:discrete emotion 7347:in the workplace 7243:Empathy quotient 6974: 6914: 6908: 6813: 6804: 6795: 6670: 6571: 6537: 6203: 6196: 6189: 6180: 6179: 6071: 6070: 6017: 5969: 5948: 5938: 5906: 5887: 5877: 5867: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5829: 5815: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5790: 5782: 5776: 5763: 5757: 5756: 5738: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5712: 5706: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5684: 5678: 5677: 5667: 5661: 5660: 5650: 5602: 5596: 5595: 5593: 5591: 5577: 5571: 5570: 5568: 5566: 5551: 5545: 5544: 5500: 5494: 5493: 5461: 5455: 5454: 5418: 5412: 5411: 5401: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5318: 5309: 5308: 5290: 5281: 5280: 5252: 5233: 5232: 5190: 5181: 5175: 5174: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5143: 5135: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5082: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5024: 5018: 5017: 4997: 4991: 4990: 4972: 4966: 4965: 4955: 4923: 4917: 4916: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4863: 4854: 4848: 4847: 4819: 4813: 4802: 4793: 4792: 4781: 4775: 4774: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4750: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4682: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4619: 4579: 4573: 4566: 4560: 4559: 4524:"Survivor Guilt" 4519: 4513: 4512: 4484: 4478: 4477: 4469: 4463: 4462: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4439: 4433: 4432: 4417:Family Relations 4408: 4402: 4401: 4391: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4334: 4294: 4288: 4287: 4277: 4253: 4247: 4246: 4226: 4220: 4219: 4183: 4177: 4176: 4148: 4142: 4141: 4131: 4107: 4101: 4100: 4088: 4082: 4081: 4053: 4047: 4036: 4030: 4023: 4017: 4016: 4014: 4012: 4003:. Archived from 3997: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3967: 3961: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3941: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3907:Alliance of Hope 3899: 3893: 3892: 3844: 3838: 3837: 3831: 3826: 3824: 3816: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3790: 3784: 3775: 3769: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3741: 3735: 3728: 3722: 3721: 3681: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3655: 3649: 3648: 3632: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3602: 3593: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3573: 3562: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3522: 3513: 3512: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3420: 3388: 3382: 3381: 3353: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3322: 3311: 3310: 3300: 3276: 3270: 3269: 3259: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3200: 3194: 3193: 3165: 3159: 3158: 3146: 3137: 3136: 3126: 3094: 3088: 3087: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3041: 3035: 3034: 2998: 2992: 2985: 2979: 2972: 2966: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2942: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2893: 2858: 2852: 2851: 2841: 2817: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2754: 2748: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2726:. 12 April 2011. 2714: 2703: 2702: 2666: 2651: 2650: 2636: 2625: 2624: 2584: 2565: 2564: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2469: 2463: 2462: 2452: 2434: 2406: 2397: 2396: 2378: 2358: 2352: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2288: 2282: 2279: 2270: 2269:Shimshon, p. 686 2267: 2261: 2260: 2240: 2234: 2233: 2193: 2187: 2186: 2168: 2159: 2158: 2156: 2154: 2149:on 19 March 2012 2145:. Archived from 2135: 2129: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2110: 1889: 1882: 1878: 1875: 1869: 1846: 1838: 1820:echothanatologia 1775:T. Glen Coughlin 1699:grief counseling 1671: 1668: 1658:You can help by 1651: 1644: 1413: 1406: 1402: 1399: 1393: 1370: 1369: 1362: 1304: 1292:Death of a child 1286:Death of a child 1112:or bereavement. 1110:social rejection 725:Grieving process 717:or the end of a 669: 662: 655: 141: 136: 113: 112: 85: 84: 65: 42: 41: 8897: 8896: 8892: 8891: 8890: 8888: 8887: 8886: 8857: 8856: 8855: 8850: 8822: 8808: 8752:Museum of Death 8702:Dignified death 8657:Death messenger 8632:Death education 8548: 8492: 8478: 8416:Declared death 8364: 8314: 8271:Online mourning 8176: 8142:Cadaveric spasm 8123: 8068: 8010: 8001:Skeletonization 7941: 7873:Child mortality 7868:Birthday effect 7856: 7789: 7785:Unnatural death 7716:Brainstem death 7687: 7626:Pseudoapoptosis 7508: 7503: 7473: 7468: 7458: 7399:Jealousy in art 7142:in conversation 7064:Amygdala hijack 6977: 6915: 6909: 6900: 6889:sense of wonder 6217: 6207: 6177: 6172: 6171: 6139: 6138: 6082: 6049: 5966: 5929:(1–2): 231–38. 5903: 5842: 5840:Further reading 5837: 5827: 5825: 5817: 5816: 5812: 5802: 5800: 5783: 5779: 5773:Wayback Machine 5764: 5760: 5753: 5739: 5735: 5725: 5723: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5699: 5697: 5686: 5685: 5681: 5668: 5664: 5603: 5599: 5589: 5587: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5564: 5562: 5552: 5548: 5501: 5497: 5462: 5458: 5419: 5415: 5362: 5358: 5319: 5312: 5305: 5291: 5284: 5253: 5236: 5188: 5182: 5178: 5171: 5157: 5153: 5137: 5136: 5124: 5108: 5104: 5059: 5055: 5045: 5043: 5025: 5021: 5014: 4998: 4994: 4987: 4973: 4969: 4924: 4920: 4881: 4877: 4861: 4855: 4851: 4820: 4816: 4803: 4796: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4703: 4699: 4689: 4687: 4680: 4674: 4670: 4657: 4656: 4652: 4637: 4633: 4580: 4576: 4567: 4563: 4520: 4516: 4485: 4481: 4470: 4466: 4455: 4451: 4440: 4436: 4409: 4405: 4352: 4348: 4295: 4291: 4254: 4250: 4243: 4227: 4223: 4200:10.2307/1127388 4184: 4180: 4149: 4145: 4108: 4104: 4089: 4085: 4054: 4050: 4037: 4033: 4025:P. Gill White, 4024: 4020: 4010: 4008: 3999: 3998: 3994: 3984: 3982: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3959: 3955: 3918: 3914: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3845: 3841: 3829: 3827: 3818: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3792: 3791: 3787: 3776: 3772: 3762: 3760: 3742: 3738: 3729: 3725: 3682: 3678: 3668: 3666: 3656: 3652: 3645: 3620: 3616: 3606: 3604: 3600: 3594: 3587: 3577: 3575: 3574:on 20 July 2011 3571: 3560: 3554: 3550: 3540: 3538: 3523: 3516: 3485: 3481: 3438: 3434: 3389: 3385: 3354: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3324: 3323: 3314: 3291:(1–2): 231–38. 3277: 3273: 3242:(21): 2601–08. 3228: 3224: 3201: 3197: 3166: 3162: 3147: 3140: 3095: 3091: 3078: 3077: 3073: 3042: 3038: 2999: 2995: 2986: 2982: 2973: 2969: 2960: 2956: 2911: 2907: 2859: 2855: 2818: 2814: 2804: 2802: 2781: 2777: 2767: 2765: 2756: 2755: 2751: 2735: 2731: 2716: 2715: 2706: 2667: 2654: 2637: 2628: 2585: 2568: 2539:(1–3): 374–78. 2525: 2521: 2470: 2466: 2425:(8): e1000121. 2407: 2400: 2376:10.1.1.462.2673 2359: 2355: 2345: 2343: 2333: 2329: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2273: 2268: 2264: 2257: 2241: 2237: 2194: 2190: 2183: 2169: 2162: 2152: 2150: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2122: 2120: 2118:medlineplus.gov 2112: 2111: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2081:Pet bereavement 2041: 2006: 1948: 1890: 1879: 1873: 1870: 1859: 1847: 1836: 1783: 1766: 1760: 1748: 1738: 1730:benefit finding 1687: 1682: 1672: 1666: 1663: 1642: 1637: 1629: 1616: 1595: 1572:parental rights 1556: 1541: 1499: 1490: 1478: 1457: 1444: 1427: 1414: 1403: 1397: 1394: 1386:help improve it 1383: 1371: 1367: 1360: 1316: 1303: 1302: 1300: 1294: 1288: 1283: 1244: 1238: 1193: 1172: 1159: 1146: 1108:whether due to 1046: 981: 975: 942:psychopathology 865: 859: 842: 798: 727: 673: 644: 643: 642: 207: 206: 197: 176:Self-regulation 174: 79: 40: 35: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8895: 8885: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8852: 8851: 8849: 8848: 8838: 8827: 8824: 8823: 8821: 8820: 8815: 8803: 8802: 8801: 8791: 8790: 8789: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8618: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8560:Apparent death 8556: 8554: 8550: 8549: 8547: 8546: 8541: 8540: 8539: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8486: 8484: 8480: 8479: 8477: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8391:Cause of death 8388: 8383: 8381:Administration 8378: 8372: 8370: 8366: 8365: 8363: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8326: 8324: 8320: 8319: 8316: 8315: 8313: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8296: 8295: 8290: 8280: 8275: 8274: 8273: 8263: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8233: 8228: 8223: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8211: 8201: 8196: 8190: 8188: 8182: 8181: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8152:Death erection 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8128: 8125: 8124: 8122: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8095: 8094: 8089: 8087:Natural burial 8078: 8076: 8070: 8069: 8067: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8035: 8034: 8029: 8018: 8016: 8012: 8011: 8009: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7967: 7965: 7958: 7947: 7943: 7942: 7940: 7939: 7934: 7929: 7928: 7927: 7920:Mortality rate 7917: 7912: 7905: 7900: 7898:Maternal death 7895: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7864: 7862: 7858: 7857: 7855: 7854: 7849: 7844: 7842:Unusual deaths 7839: 7834: 7829: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7803: 7801: 7795: 7794: 7791: 7790: 7788: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7775:Organ donation 7772: 7767: 7762: 7757: 7752: 7747: 7742: 7737: 7732: 7731: 7730: 7723:Clinical death 7720: 7719: 7718: 7708: 7703: 7698: 7692: 7689: 7688: 7686: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7634: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7573: 7572: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7525: 7523: 7514: 7510: 7509: 7502: 7501: 7494: 7487: 7479: 7470: 7469: 7463: 7460: 7459: 7457: 7456: 7455: 7454: 7452:somatic marker 7449: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7426: 7424:Stoic passions 7421: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7381: 7380: 7379: 7374: 7372:social sharing 7369: 7364: 7362:self-conscious 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7326: 7325: 7324: 7314: 7313: 7312: 7307: 7305:thought method 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7270:lateralization 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7246: 7245: 7240: 7230: 7229: 7228: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7165: 7164: 7163: 7158: 7157: 7156: 7146: 7145: 7144: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7097:classification 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7055: 7054: 7049: 7041: 7040: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7011: 7010: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6985: 6983: 6979: 6978: 6976: 6975: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6925: 6923: 6917: 6916: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6898: 6893: 6892: 6891: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6860: 6859: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6817:Sentimentality 6814: 6805: 6796: 6787: 6786: 6785: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6739: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6713: 6708: 6707: 6706: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6662: 6657: 6656: 6655: 6653:at first sight 6650: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6577: 6572: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6529: 6524: 6523: 6522: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6424: 6423: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6391:Disappointment 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6227: 6225: 6219: 6218: 6206: 6205: 6198: 6191: 6183: 6174: 6173: 6170: 6169: 6160: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6141: 6140: 6137: 6136: 6125: 6114: 6099: 6083: 6078: 6077: 6075: 6074:Classification 6068: 6067: 6061: 6048: 6047:External links 6045: 6044: 6043: 6036: 6025: 6018: 5977: 5970: 5964: 5949: 5914: 5907: 5901: 5888: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5810: 5777: 5758: 5751: 5733: 5707: 5679: 5662: 5597: 5572: 5546: 5495: 5476:(3): 413–434. 5456: 5413: 5356: 5310: 5304:978-0285650954 5303: 5282: 5234: 5176: 5169: 5151: 5122: 5102: 5061:Nagel (1988). 5053: 5019: 5013:978-0190649562 5012: 4992: 4986:978-1138916890 4985: 4967: 4918: 4875: 4849: 4814: 4794: 4776: 4762: 4711:Schizophr Bull 4697: 4668: 4650: 4631: 4574: 4561: 4514: 4479: 4464: 4449: 4434: 4403: 4346: 4289: 4248: 4241: 4221: 4178: 4143: 4102: 4083: 4048: 4031: 4018: 3992: 3977:. March 2018. 3962: 3953: 3912: 3894: 3859:(2): 105–113. 3839: 3830:|journal= 3803: 3785: 3770: 3736: 3723: 3676: 3664:Vision Journal 3650: 3643: 3614: 3585: 3548: 3514: 3479: 3452:(2): 153–160. 3432: 3383: 3343: 3312: 3271: 3222: 3195: 3176:(6): 499–511. 3160: 3138: 3089: 3071: 3036: 2993: 2980: 2967: 2954: 2905: 2853: 2812: 2775: 2749: 2729: 2704: 2652: 2626: 2566: 2519: 2464: 2398: 2369:(8): 681–714. 2353: 2327: 2283: 2271: 2262: 2255: 2235: 2208:(1): 101–109. 2188: 2182:978-0553352696 2181: 2160: 2130: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2005: 2002: 1947: 1944: 1910:, held at the 1892: 1891: 1850: 1848: 1841: 1835: 1832: 1782: 1779: 1762:Main article: 1759: 1756: 1737: 1736:Support groups 1734: 1726:meaning-making 1686: 1683: 1674: 1673: 1654: 1652: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1633: 1628: 1625: 1623:bereavement". 1615: 1612: 1594: 1591: 1555: 1552: 1548:Survivor guilt 1540: 1537: 1498: 1495: 1489: 1486: 1477: 1474: 1456: 1453: 1443: 1440: 1426: 1423: 1416: 1415: 1374: 1372: 1365: 1359: 1356: 1328:2 Samuel 12:23 1298: 1295: 1290:Main article: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1240:Main article: 1237: 1234: 1192: 1189: 1171: 1168: 1158: 1155: 1145: 1142: 1045: 1042: 1038:George Bonanno 1030: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 977:Main article: 974: 971: 970: 969: 964:, but delayed 955: 949: 935: 863:George Bonanno 861:Main article: 858: 855: 841: 838: 834:Amanda Barusch 818:George Bonanno 797: 794: 726: 723: 675: 674: 672: 671: 664: 657: 649: 646: 645: 641: 640: 635: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 333:Disappointment 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 260: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 209: 208: 204: 203: 202: 199: 198: 196: 195: 190: 189: 188: 183: 172: 167: 162: 157: 155:Classification 152: 146: 143: 142: 129: 128: 122: 121: 109: 108: 106:support groups 102:social workers 91: 87: 86: 73: 67: 66: 58: 57: 51: 47: 46: 38: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8894: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8864: 8862: 8847: 8839: 8837: 8829: 8828: 8825: 8819: 8816: 8812: 8807: 8804: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8795: 8792: 8788: 8785: 8784: 8783: 8780: 8778: 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8602: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8595:Death anxiety 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8580:Darwin Awards 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8557: 8555: 8551: 8545: 8542: 8538: 8537:Biostratinomy 8535: 8534: 8533: 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8496: 8491: 8488: 8487: 8485: 8481: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8449:Necropolitics 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8419: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8367: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8353: 8351: 8348: 8346: 8343: 8341: 8338: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8327: 8325: 8321: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8285: 8284: 8283:Reincarnation 8281: 8279: 8276: 8272: 8269: 8268: 8267: 8264: 8262: 8259: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8222: 8219: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8206: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8191: 8189: 8187: 8186:Other aspects 8183: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8137:Body donation 8135: 8133: 8130: 8129: 8126: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8104:Dismemberment 8102: 8100: 8097: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8084: 8083: 8080: 8079: 8077: 8075: 8071: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8049:Mummification 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8024: 8023: 8020: 8019: 8017: 8013: 8007: 8006:Fossilization 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7996:Decomposition 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7971:Pallor mortis 7969: 7968: 7966: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7956: 7951: 7948: 7944: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7926: 7923: 7922: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7910: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7865: 7863: 7859: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7838: 7835: 7833: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7808: 7805: 7804: 7802: 7800: 7796: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7761: 7758: 7756: 7753: 7751: 7748: 7746: 7743: 7741: 7738: 7736: 7733: 7729: 7726: 7725: 7724: 7721: 7717: 7714: 7713: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7694: 7693: 7690: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7579: 7578: 7577: 7574: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7530: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7518: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7500: 7495: 7493: 7488: 7486: 7481: 7480: 7477: 7466: 7461: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7329: 7327: 7323: 7320: 7319: 7318: 7315: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7234: 7231: 7227: 7224: 7223: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7206:dysregulation 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7168: 7166: 7162: 7159: 7155: 7154:interpersonal 7152: 7151: 7150: 7147: 7143: 7140: 7139: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7014: 7012: 7008: 7007:in psychology 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6992:consciousness 6990: 6989: 6987: 6986: 6984: 6980: 6973: 6972: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6926: 6924: 6922: 6918: 6913: 6907: 6897: 6894: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6812: 6811: 6806: 6803: 6802: 6801:Schadenfreude 6797: 6794: 6793: 6788: 6784: 6781: 6780: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6718: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6667:Mono no aware 6663: 6661: 6658: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6645: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6582: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6570: 6569: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6536: 6535: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6521: 6520: 6519:Joie de vivre 6516: 6515: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6488:Gratification 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6422: 6419: 6418: 6417: 6416:Embarrassment 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6321:Belongingness 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6279: 6277: 6274: 6272: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6220: 6215: 6211: 6204: 6199: 6197: 6192: 6190: 6185: 6184: 6181: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6155: 6154: 6150: 6149: 6146: 6142: 6135: 6131: 6130: 6126: 6124: 6120: 6119: 6115: 6113: 6109: 6108: 6104: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6084: 6081: 6076: 6072: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6059: 6054: 6051: 6050: 6041: 6037: 6034: 6030: 6026: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6007: 6003: 5999: 5995: 5992:(2): 153–60. 5991: 5987: 5983: 5978: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5965:9780190649562 5961: 5957: 5956: 5950: 5946: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5915: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5902:9780691201795 5898: 5894: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5858:(4): 472–83. 5857: 5853: 5849: 5844: 5843: 5824: 5820: 5814: 5798: 5794: 5793:The Telegraph 5789: 5781: 5774: 5770: 5767: 5762: 5754: 5752:9780231500081 5748: 5744: 5737: 5722:. 8 July 2015 5721: 5717: 5711: 5695: 5694: 5689: 5683: 5675: 5674: 5666: 5658: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5624: 5620: 5617:(7): 200931. 5616: 5612: 5608: 5601: 5586: 5582: 5576: 5561: 5557: 5550: 5542: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5499: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5471: 5467: 5460: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5417: 5409: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5360: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5317: 5315: 5306: 5300: 5296: 5289: 5287: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5251: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5193:Death Studies 5187: 5180: 5172: 5166: 5162: 5155: 5147: 5141: 5133: 5129: 5125: 5119: 5115: 5114: 5106: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5023: 5015: 5009: 5005: 5004: 4996: 4988: 4982: 4978: 4971: 4963: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4938:(6): 475–99. 4937: 4933: 4932:Death Studies 4929: 4922: 4914: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4871: 4867: 4860: 4853: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4830:(4): 263–71. 4829: 4825: 4818: 4812: 4808: 4807: 4801: 4799: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4772: 4766: 4758: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4701: 4686: 4679: 4676:Milton Crum. 4672: 4664: 4660: 4654: 4646: 4642: 4635: 4627: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4594:(3): 394–95. 4593: 4589: 4585: 4578: 4571: 4565: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4518: 4510: 4506: 4502: 4498: 4495:(2): 163–78. 4494: 4490: 4483: 4475: 4468: 4460: 4453: 4445: 4438: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4407: 4399: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4366:(5): 613–19. 4365: 4361: 4357: 4350: 4342: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4309:(3): 133–43. 4308: 4304: 4303:Death Studies 4300: 4293: 4285: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4252: 4244: 4238: 4235:. NYU Press. 4234: 4233: 4225: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4189: 4182: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4159:(6): 681–90. 4158: 4154: 4147: 4139: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4122:(4): 317–18. 4121: 4117: 4113: 4106: 4098: 4094: 4087: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4064:(4): 351–67. 4063: 4059: 4052: 4045: 4041: 4040:Sibling Grief 4035: 4028: 4022: 4006: 4002: 3996: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3966: 3957: 3949: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3932:(3): 241–48. 3931: 3927: 3923: 3916: 3908: 3904: 3898: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3843: 3835: 3822: 3814: 3807: 3799: 3795: 3789: 3783: 3781: 3774: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3740: 3733: 3727: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3680: 3665: 3661: 3654: 3646: 3640: 3636: 3631: 3630: 3624: 3618: 3599: 3592: 3590: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3552: 3537:on 7 May 2009 3536: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3519: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3498: 3495:(4): 271–84. 3494: 3490: 3483: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3436: 3428: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3403:(2): 210–14. 3402: 3398: 3394: 3387: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3331: 3327: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3308: 3304: 3299: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3275: 3267: 3263: 3258: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3226: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3199: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3164: 3156: 3152: 3145: 3143: 3134: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3109:(6): 475–99. 3108: 3104: 3103:Death Studies 3100: 3093: 3085: 3081: 3075: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3040: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3009:(2): 168–86. 3008: 3004: 2997: 2990: 2984: 2977: 2971: 2964: 2958: 2950: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2909: 2901: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2876:(3): 891–96. 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2857: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2832:(7): 716–23. 2831: 2827: 2823: 2816: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2779: 2763: 2759: 2753: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2733: 2725: 2724: 2719: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2665: 2663: 2661: 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1977: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1960: 1958: 1954: 1943: 1939: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1913: 1909: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1888: 1885: 1877: 1867: 1863: 1857: 1856: 1851:This section 1849: 1845: 1840: 1839: 1831: 1829: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1816:echophenomena 1813: 1812:perseveration 1808: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1778: 1776: 1770: 1765: 1755: 1753: 1747: 1743: 1742:Support group 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1716: 1710: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1695:psychiatrists 1692: 1691:psychologists 1681: 1670: 1667:February 2024 1661: 1657: 1653: 1650: 1646: 1645: 1632: 1624: 1620: 1611: 1604: 1599: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1560: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1536: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1524: 1518: 1516: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1494: 1485: 1482: 1470: 1469:King Pedro IV 1466: 1461: 1452: 1448: 1439: 1435: 1432: 1422: 1412: 1409: 1401: 1391: 1387: 1381: 1380: 1375:This section 1373: 1364: 1363: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1329: 1325: 1320: 1314: 1311: 1307: 1293: 1278: 1274: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1233: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1167: 1165: 1154: 1150: 1141: 1138: 1133: 1131: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1078: 1071: 1066: 1059: 1055: 1050: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1003: 1000: 998: 994: 990: 986: 980: 967: 963: 962:delayed grief 959: 956: 953: 950: 947: 943: 939: 936: 933: 930: 929: 928: 925: 922: 918: 914: 909: 907: 903: 899: 895: 894: 888: 887: 882: 878: 874: 870: 864: 851: 846: 837: 835: 830: 825: 823: 819: 814: 807: 802: 793: 790: 786: 781: 779: 774: 770: 764: 760: 759:Iran-Iraq war 755: 751: 747: 745: 741: 736: 733: 722: 720: 716: 712: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 690:, to which a 689: 685: 681: 670: 665: 663: 658: 656: 651: 650: 648: 647: 639: 636: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 578:Schadenfreude 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 408:Gratification 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 363:Embarrassment 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 328:Determination 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 278:Belongingness 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 210: 201: 200: 194: 191: 187: 186:Dysregulation 184: 182: 181:Interpersonal 179: 178: 177: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 151: 148: 147: 145: 144: 140: 135: 131: 130: 127: 124: 123: 119: 115: 114: 107: 103: 99: 95: 94:Pastoral care 92: 88: 83: 77: 74: 72: 68: 64: 59: 55: 52: 48: 43: 37: 33: 26: 22: 8692:Death threat 8575:Dark tourism 8517:Necrobiology 8459:Right to die 8417: 8376:Abortion law 8300:Resurrection 8288:Palingenesis 8250: 8185: 8147:Coffin birth 8054:Plastination 8015:Preservation 7991:Putrefaction 7986:Rigor mortis 7981:Algor mortis 7976:Livor mortis 7953: 7909:Memento mori 7907: 7760:Lazarus sign 7740:Death rattle 7683:Suicide gene 7668:Karyorrhexis 7559:Fat necrosis 7464: 7404:Meta-emotion 7317:Emotionality 7290:responsivity 7238:and bullying 7233:intelligence 7043:Affectivity 7027:neuroscience 6997:in education 6580: 6541:Homesickness 6517: 6502: 6443:Enthrallment 6428:Emotion work 6291:Anticipation 6162: 6151: 6127: 6116: 6101: 6086: 6056: 6039: 6032: 5989: 5985: 5973: 5954: 5926: 5922: 5910: 5892: 5855: 5851: 5826:. 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Retrieved 4005:the original 3995: 3983:. Retrieved 3974: 3965: 3956: 3929: 3925: 3915: 3906: 3897: 3856: 3852: 3842: 3821:cite journal 3806: 3797: 3788: 3779: 3773: 3761:. Retrieved 3749: 3739: 3731: 3726: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3667:. Retrieved 3663: 3653: 3628: 3617: 3605:. Retrieved 3576:. Retrieved 3569:the original 3564: 3551: 3539:. Retrieved 3535:the original 3530: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3449: 3445: 3435: 3400: 3396: 3386: 3361: 3357: 3334:. Retrieved 3329: 3288: 3284: 3274: 3239: 3235: 3225: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3173: 3169: 3163: 3154: 3151:"Good Grief" 3106: 3102: 3092: 3083: 3074: 3049: 3045: 3039: 3006: 3002: 2996: 2988: 2983: 2975: 2970: 2962: 2957: 2925:(1): 33–40. 2922: 2918: 2908: 2873: 2869: 2856: 2829: 2825: 2815: 2803:. Retrieved 2791: 2778: 2766:. Retrieved 2762:the original 2752: 2737: 2732: 2721: 2677:(3): 28–33. 2674: 2670: 2644: 2599:(1): 20–28. 2596: 2592: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2481: 2477: 2467: 2422: 2418: 2366: 2362: 2356: 2344:. 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8647:Death knell 8627:Death drive 8600:Death deity 8544:Thanatology 8493: [ 8439:Legal death 8418:in absentia 8396:Civil death 8241:Examination 8226:Crematorium 8109:Excarnation 7946:After death 7745:Dysthanasia 7711:Brain death 7643:Autoschizis 7621:Phenoptosis 7616:Parthanatos 7606:Necroptosis 7513:In medicine 7332:and culture 7137:recognition 7122:homeostatic 7022:forecasting 6971:Weltschmerz 6944:Misanthropy 6721:grandiosity 6603:Inspiration 6593:Infatuation 6561:Humiliation 6483:Frustration 6356:Contentment 6153:MedlinePlus 5720:www.pbs.org 5046:23 November 4011:8 September 3985:21 December 3696:(1): 1–20. 3330:Mayo Clinic 2346:11 December 2281:Rubin, 1999 2046:Animal loss 2017:Cygnus olor 1715:Art therapy 1583:animal loss 1576:child abuse 1533:Relocations 1515:delinquency 1488:For a child 1398:August 2021 1336:miscarriage 1102:vagus nerve 1075:Studies of 704:bereavement 458:Humiliation 403:Frustration 303:Contentment 50:Other names 8872:Counseling 8861:Categories 8737:Last rites 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