Gray whale - Knowledge

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between Eastern and Western populations, and some claims that the original eastern and western groups could have been much more distinct than previously thought, enough to be counted as subspecies. Since the original Asian and Atlantic populations have become extinct, it is difficult to determine the unique features among whales in these stocks. However, there have been observations of some whales showing distinctive, blackish body colors in recent years. This corresponds with the DNA analysis of last recorded stranding in China. Differences were also observed between Korean and Chinese specimens.

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their migration route in shallower water. Mostly, the animal feeds in the northern waters during the summer; and opportunistically feeds during its migration, depending primarily on its extensive fat reserves. Another reason for this opportunistic feeding may be the result of population increases, resulting in the whales taking advantage of whatever prey is available, due to increased competition. Feeding areas during migration seem to include the Gulf of California, Monterey Bay and Baja California Sur. Calf gray whales drink 50–80 lb (23–36 kg) of their mothers' 53% fat milk per day.

1276: 1182:. When mysids are abundant gray whales are present in fairly large numbers. Despite mysids being a prey of choice, gray whales are opportunistic feeders and can easily switch from feeding planktonically to benthically. When gray whales feed planktonically, they roll onto their right side while their fluke remains above the surface, or they apply the skimming method seen in other baleen whales (skimming the surface with their mouth open). This skimming behavior mainly seems to be used when gray whales are feeding on crab larvae. Other prey items include 959: 120: 335: 138: 771: 1426: 204: 1099:

breeding season, it is common for females to have several mates. This single ovulation event is believed to coincide with the species' annual migration patterns, when births can occur in warmer waters. Most females show biennial reproduction, although annual births have been reported. Males also show seasonal changes, experiencing an increase in testes mass that correlates with the time females undergo oestrus. Currently there are no accounts of twin births, although an instance of twins

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population of the Pacific gray whale since 1985. This census is the longest running census of the Pacific gray whale. Census keepers volunteer from December 1 through May, from sun up to sun down, seven days a week, keeping track of the amount of gray whales migrating through the area off of Los Angeles. Information from this census is listed through the American Cetacean Society of Los Angeles (ACSLA).

1520:(Russian Federation). There are also occasional sightings off the eastern coast of Kamchatka (Russian Federation) and in other coastal waters of the northern Okhotsk Sea. Its migration routes and wintering grounds are poorly known, the only recent information being from occasional records on both the eastern and western coasts of Japan and along the Chinese coast. Gray whale had not been observed on 2332:

during their northbound migration, targeting females migrating with newborn calves. They will separate the calf from the mother and hold the calf under water to drown it. The tactic of holding whales under water to drown them is certainly used by orcas on adult gray whales as well. It is roughly estimated that 33% of the gray whales born in a given year might be killed by predation.

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in prey abundance or quality in the Arctic feeding grounds, resulting in poor feeding. Some scientists suggest that the lack of sea ice has been preventing the fertilization of amphipods, a main source of food for gray whales, so that they have been hunting krill instead, which is far less nutritious. More research needs to be conducted to understand this issue.

1014:, Namibia. Scientists from the Namibian Dolphin Project confirmed the whale's identity and thus provides the only sighting of this species in the Southern Hemisphere. Photographic identification suggests that this is a different individual than the one spotted in the Mediterranean in 2010. As of July 2013, the Namibian whale was still being seen regularly. 884:, Obed Macy wrote that in the early pre-1672 colony a whale of the kind called "scragg" entered the harbor and was pursued and killed by the settlers. A. B. Van Deinse points out that the "scrag whale", described by P. Dudley in 1725 as one of the species hunted by the early New England whalers, was almost certainly the gray whale. 2328:

radiation, which disrupts Earth's magnetic field and/or the whale's ability to analyze it. This may apply to the other species of cetaceans, such as sperm whales. However, there is not enough evidence to suggest that whales navigate through the use of magnetoreception (an organism's ability to sense a magnetic field).

559:. The common name of the whale comes from its coloration. The subfossil remains of now extinct gray whales from the Atlantic coasts of England and Sweden were used by Gray to make the first scientific description of a species then surviving only in Pacific waters. The living Pacific species was described by Cope as 950:." They speculate that the ocean ecosystem has likely changed since the prewhaling era, making a return to prewhaling numbers infeasible. Factors limiting or threatening current population levels include ship strikes, entanglement in fishing gear, and changes in sea-ice coverage associated with climate change. 994:, indicating possible earlier pioneers of re-colonizations. These whales were darker in body color than those whales seen in Sea of Okhotsk. In May 2010, a gray whale was sighted off the Mediterranean shore of Israel. It has been speculated that this whale crossed from the Pacific to the Atlantic via the 2313:

whales from critical feeding habitat. Physical habitat damage from drilling and dredging operations, combined with possible impacts of oil and chemical spills on benthic prey communities also warrants concern. The western gray whale population is considered to be endangered according to IUCN standards.

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Orcas are "a prime predator of gray whale calves." Typically three to four orcas ram a calf from beneath in order to separate it from its mother, who defends it. Humpback whales have been observed defending gray whale calves from orcas. Orcas will often arrive in Monterey Bay to intercept gray whales

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Western gray whales are facing large-scale offshore oil and gas development programs near their summer feeding grounds, as well as fatal net entrapments off Japan during migration, which pose significant threats to the future survival of the population. The substantial nearshore industrialization and

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A second, shorter, and less intensive hunt occurred for gray whales in the eastern North Pacific. Only a few were caught from two whaling stations on the coast of California from 1919 to 1926, and a single station in Washington (1911–21) accounted for the capture of another. For the entire west coast

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to be a historical breeding ground, but only a handful of capture records support this idea, although migrations into the sea have been confirmed. Recent studies using genetics and acoustics, suggest that there are several wintering sites for western gray whales such as Mexico and the East China sea.

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months, with females giving birth every one to three years. In the latter half of the pregnancy, the fetus experiences a rapid growth in length and mass. Similar to the narrow breeding season, most calves are born within a six-week time period in mid January. The calf is born tail first, and measures

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that drop off in its cold feeding grounds. Individual whales are typically identified using photographs of their dorsal surface, matching the scars and patches associated with parasites that have either fallen off or are still attached. They have two blowholes on top of their head, which can create a

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A recent study provides some evidence that solar activity is correlated to gray whale strandings. When there was a high prevalence of sunspots, gray whales were five times more likely to strand. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that solar storms release a large amount of electromagnetic

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is of particular concern. Activities related to oil and gas exploration, including geophysical seismic surveying, pipelaying and drilling operations, increased vessel traffic, and oil spills, all pose potential threats to western gray whales. Disturbance from underwater industrial noise may displace

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government denied these charges as recently as 1987, in recent years the Russian government has acknowledged the practice. The Russian IWC delegation has said that the hunt is justified under the aboriginal/subsistence exemption, since the fur farms provide a necessary economic base for the region's

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region of northeastern Russia, where large numbers of gray whales spend the summer months. This hunt has been allowed under an "aboriginal/subsistence whaling" exception to the commercial-hunting ban. Anti-whaling groups have protested the hunt, saying the meat from the whales is not for traditional

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The North Atlantic population may have been hunted to extinction in the 18th century. Circumstantial evidence indicates whaling could have contributed to this population's decline, as the increase in whaling activity in the 17th and 18th centuries coincided with the population's disappearance. A. B.

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Any historical or current presence of similar groups of residents among the western population is currently unknown, however, whalers' logbooks and scientific observations indicate that possible year-round occurrences in Chinese waters and Yellow and Bohai basins were likely to be summering grounds.

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gray whales indicated that this may not be a historically unique event. That study suggested that over the past 100,000 years there have been several migrations of gray whales between the Pacific and Atlantic, with the most recent large scale migration of this sort occurring about 5,000 years ago.

864:, France, in 1997, raising the question of whether Atlantic gray whales migrated up and down the coast of Europe from the Wadden Sea to calve in the Mediterranean. A 2018 study utilizing ancient DNA barcoding and collagen peptide matrix fingerprinting confirmed that Roman era whale bones east of the 807:

The western population has had a very slow growth rate despite heavy conservation action over the years, likely due to their very slow reproduction rate. The state of the population hit an all-time low in 2010, when no new reproductive females were recorded, resulting in a minimum of 26 reproductive

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in 1869. Skeletal comparisons showed the Pacific species to be identical to the Atlantic remains in the 1930s, and Gray's naming has been generally accepted since. Although identity between the Atlantic and Pacific populations cannot be proven by anatomical data, its skeleton is distinctive and easy

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2019 has had a record number of gray whale strandings and deaths, with 122 strandings in United States waters and 214 in Canadian waters. The cause of death in some specimens appears to be related to poor nutritional condition. It is hypothesized that some of these strandings are related to changes

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Since the mid-1990s, almost all the confirmed records of living animals in Asian waters were from Japanese coasts. There have been eight to fifteen sightings and stray records including unconfirmed sightings and re-sightings of the same individual, and one later killed by net-entanglement. The most

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in Kumanonada Sea in 2009 might or might not be the same individual. The Ise and Mikawa Bay region is the only location along Japanese coasts that has several records since the 1980s (a mortal entanglement in 1968, above mentioned short-stay in 1982, self-freeing entanglement in 2005), and is also

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Throughout February and March, the first to leave the lagoons are males and females without new calves. Pregnant females and nursing mothers with their newborns are the last to depart, leaving only when their calves are ready for the journey, which is usually from late March to mid-April. Often, a

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These first whales to arrive are usually pregnant mothers looking for the protection of the lagoons to bear their calves, along with single females seeking mates. By mid-February to mid-March, the bulk of the population has arrived in the lagoons, filling them with nursing, calving and mating gray

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Gray whales feed benthically, by diving to the ocean floor and rolling on to their side, (like blue whales, gray whales seem to favor rolling onto their right side) and suck up prey from the sea floor. Gray whales seem to favor feeding planktonically in their feeding grounds, but benthically along

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have been confirmed to migrate towards eastern side of Pacific and join the larger eastern population. In January 2011, a gray whale that had been tagged in the western population was tracked as far east as the eastern population range off the coast of British Columbia. Recent findings from either

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in 2014. One of the pair returned to the same coasts at the same time of the year in 2015 again. Reviewing on other cases on different locations among Japanese coasts and islands observed during 2015 indicate that spatial or seasonal residencies regardless of being temporal or permanental staying

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The two populations of Pacific gray whales (east and west) are morphologically and phylogenically different. Other than DNA structures, differences in proportions of several body parts and body colors including skeletal features, and length ratios of flippers and baleen plates have been confirmed

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that migrates between feeding and breeding grounds yearly. It reaches a length of 14.9 meters (49 ft), a weight of up to 41 tonnes (90,000 lb) and lives between 55 and 70 years, although one female was estimated to be 75–80 years of age. The common name of the whale comes from the gray

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claimed four whales from the IWC quota established at the 1997 meeting. With the exception of a single gray whale killed in 1999, the Makah people have been prevented from hunting by a series of legal challenges, culminating in a United States federal appeals court decision in December 2002 that

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Researchers used a genetic approach to estimate pre-whaling abundance based on samples from 42 gray whales, and reported DNA variability at 10 genetic loci consistent with a population size of 76,000–118,000 individuals, three to five times larger than the average census size as measured through

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that is variously described as cream, off-white, or blond in color and is unusually short. Small depressions on the upper jaw each contain a lone stiff hair, but are only visible on close inspection. Its head's ventral surface lacks the numerous prominent furrows of the related rorquals, instead

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Gray whales measure from 4.9 m (16 ft) in length for newborns to 13–15 m (43–49 ft) for adults (females tend to be slightly larger than adult males). Newborns are a darker gray to black in color. A mature gray whale can reach 40 t (44 short tons), with a typical range of

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Gray whale migrations off of the Pacific Coast were observed, initially, by Marineland of the Pacific in Palos Verdes, California. The Gray Whale Census, an official gray whale migration census that has been recording data on the migration of the Pacific gray whale has been keeping track of the

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about 14–16 ft in length, and a weight of 2,000 lbs. Females lactate for approximately seven months following birth, at which point calves are weaned and maternal care begins to decrease. The shallow lagoon waters in which gray whales reproduce are believed to protect the newborn from

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Breeding behavior is complex and often involves three or more animals. Both male and female whales reach puberty between the ages of 6 and 12 with an average of eight to nine years. Females show highly synchronized reproduction, undergoing oestrus in late November to early December. During the

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was broader or more southerly distributed, and inhabitations in waters where species presences lack in present situation, such as in southern hemisphere and south Asian waters and northern Indian Ocean were possible due to feasibility of the environment on those days. Range expansions due to

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in 1965, was named Gigi and died two months later from an infection. The second gray whale, who was captured in 1972 from the same lagoon, was named Gigi II and was released a year later after becoming too large for the facilities. The third gray whale, J.J., first beached herself in

2024:. More ships followed in the two following winters, after which gray whaling in the bay was nearly abandoned because "of the inferior quality and low price of the dark-colored gray whale oil, the low quality and quantity of whalebone from the gray, and the dangers of lagoon whaling." 2035:. This was the first of 11 winters from 1855 through 1865 known as the "bonanza period", during which gray whaling along the coast of Baja California reached its peak. Not only were the whales taken in Magdalena Bay, but also by ships anchored along the coast from San Diego south to 2085:

Between 1846 and 1874, an estimated 8,000 gray whales were killed by American and European whalemen, with over half having been killed in the Magdalena Bay complex (Estero Santo Domingo, Magdalena Bay itself, and Almejas Bay) and by shore whalemen in California and Baja California.

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has collected surveys of gray whale population since at least the 1960s. They state that "the most recent population estimate was approximately 19,000 whales, with a high probability (88%) that the population is at 'optimum sustainable population' size, as defined by the

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would not be contiguous to the whale's established territory. There has been gradual melting and recession of Arctic sea ice with extreme loss in 2007 rendering the Northwest Passage "fully navigable". The same whale was sighted again on May 30, 2010, off the coast of

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and on Chinese coast such as near the Daya bay and on Hainan Island. By 1934, the western gray whale was near extinction. From 1891 to 1966, an estimated 1,800–2,000 gray whales were caught, with peak catches of between 100 and 200 annually occurring in the 1910s.

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stranded or entangled specimens indicate that the original western population have become functionally extinct, and possibly all the whales that have appeared on Japanese and Chinese coasts in modern times are vagrants or re-colonizers from the eastern population.

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Traveling night and day, the gray whale averages approximately 120 km (75 mi) per day at an average speed of 8 km/h (5 mph). This round trip of 16,000–22,000 km (9,900–13,700 mi) is believed to be the longest annual migration of any

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The Scrag Whale is near a kin to the Fin-back, but instead of a Fin upon his Back, the Ridge of the Afterpart of his Back is cragged with half a Dozen Knobs or Nuckles; he is nearest the right Whale in Figure and for Quantity of Oil; his Bone is white, but won't

2106:, caught 311 gray whales for "scientific purposes" between 1964 and 1969. From 1961 to 1972, the Soviet Union caught 138 gray whales (they originally reported not having taken any). The only other significant catch was made in two seasons by the steam-schooner 1234: 852:. Radiocarbon dating of subfossil or fossil European (Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom) coastal remains confirms this, with whaling the possible cause for the population's extinction. Remains dating from the Roman epoch were found in the 2365:. After 14 months, she was released because she also grew too large to be cared for in the existing facilities. At 19,200 pounds (8,700 kg) and 31 feet (9.4 m) when she was released, J.J. was the largest marine mammal ever to be kept in captivity. 808:

females being observed since 1995. Even a very small number of additional annual female deaths will cause the subpopulation to decline. However, as of 2018, evidence has indicated that the western population is markedly increasing in number, especially off

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In 2005, two conservation biologists proposed a plan to airlift 50 gray whales from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean. They reasoned that, as Californian gray whales had replenished to a suitable population, surplus whales could be transported to

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A juvenile or possibly or not with another larger individual remained in Japanese waters between January or March and May 2015. It was first confirmed occurrences of the species on remote, oceanic islands in Japan. One or more visited waters firstly on

872:), confirming that gray whales once ranged into the Mediterranean. Similarly, radiocarbon dating of American east coastal subfossil remains confirm that gray whales existed there at least through the 17th century. This population ranged at least from 2146:

from the 1840s to the early 20th century. Whalemen caught 44 with nets in Japan during the 1890s. The real damage was done between 1911 and 1933, when Japanese whalemen killed 1,449 after Japanese companies established several whaling stations on

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native consumption, but is used instead to feed animals in government-run fur farms; they cite annual catch numbers that rose dramatically during the 1940s, at the time when state-run fur farms were being established in the region. Although the

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A population of about 200 gray whales stay along the eastern Pacific coast from Canada to California throughout the summer, not making the farther trip to Alaskan waters. This summer resident group is known as the Pacific Coast feeding group.

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The History of Nantucket:being a compendious account of the first settlement of the island by the English:together with the rise and progress of the whale fishery, and other historical facts relative to said island and its inhabitants:in two

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and the Gulf of Tosa. Former feeding areas were once spread over large portions on mid-Honshu to northern Hokkaido, and at least whales were recorded for majority of annual seasons including wintering periods at least along east coasts of

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Kato, H., Ishikawa, H., Bando, T., Mogoe, T. and Moronuki, H. (2006). Status Report of Conservation and Researches on the Western Gray Whales in Japan, June 2005 – May 2006. Paper SC/58/O14 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, June

978:, placing them 585 kilometers (364 mi) further east than their known range at the time. Recent increases in sightings are confirmed in Arctic areas of the historic range for Atlantic stocks, most notably on several locations in the 1813:

on 13th, June in 1982 (in this strait, there was another sighting of a pair in October, 1987). In 2011, presences of gray whales were acoustically detected among pelagic waters in East China Sea between Chinese and Japanese waters.

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campus for several weeks. Possibly the same individual was seen off Futo as well. This later was identified as the same individual previously recorded on Sakhalin in 2014, the first re-recording one individual at different Asian

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Alter, S. Elizabeth; Meyer, Matthias; Post, Klaas; Czechowski, Paul; Gravlund, Peter; Gaines, Cork; Rosenbaum, Howard C.; Kaschner, Kristin; Turvey, Samuel T.; Van Der Plicht, Johannes; Shapiro, Beth; Hofreiter, Michael (2015).

1170:), which it eats by turning on its side and scooping up sediments from the sea floor. This unique feeding selection makes gray whales one of the most strongly reliant on coastal waters among baleen whales. It is classified as a 2918:

McGowen, Michael R; Tsagkogeorga, Georgia; Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra; dos Reis, Mario; Struebig, Monika; Deaville, Robert; Jepson, Paul D; Jarman, Simon; Polanowski, Andrea; Morin, Phillip A; Rossiter, Stephen J (2019-10-21).

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There had been 24 records along Chinese coasts including sighting, stranding, intended hunts, and bycatches since 1933. The last report of occurrence of the species in Chinese waters was of a stranded semi adult female in the

6271: 2066:, entered Laguna Ojo de Liebre (Jack-Rabbit Spring Lagoon) or later known as Scammon's Lagoon (by 1860) and found one of the gray's last refuges. He caught 20 whales. He returned the following winter (1858–59) with the bark 2305:

shipping congestion throughout the migratory corridors of the western gray whale population represent potential threats by increasing the likelihood of exposure to ship strikes, chemical pollution, and general disturbance.

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Reeves, R.R., Brownell Jr., R.L., Burdin, A., Cooke, J.G., Darling, J.D., Donovan, G.P., Gulland, F.M.D., Moore, S.E., Nowacek, D.P., Ragen, T.J., Steiner, R.G., Van Blaricom, G.R., Vedenev, A. and Yablokov, A.V. (2005).

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in January, 2016. The identity of this whale was confirmed by Nana Takanawa who photographed the same whale on Niijima in 2015. Likely the same individual was sighted off Futo and half an hour later off Akazawa beach in

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Genetic analysis of fossil and prefossil gray whale remains in the Atlantic Ocean suggests several waves of dispersal from the Pacific to the Atlantic related to successive periods of climactic warming – during the

804:. Mothers make this journey accompanied by their calves, usually hugging the shore in shallow kelp beds, and fight viciously to protect their young if they are attacked, earning gray whales the moniker, devil fish. 1283:

Each October, as the northern ice pushes southward, small groups of eastern gray whales in the eastern Pacific start a two- to three-month, 8,000–11,000 km (5,000–6,800 mi) trip south. Beginning in the

2252:. The IWC Bowhead, Right and Gray Whale subcommittee in 2011 reiterated the conservation risk to western gray whales is large because of the small size of the population and the potential anthropogenic impacts. 2288:

According to the Government of Canada's Management Plan for gray whales, threats to the eastern North Pacific population of gray whales include: increased human activities in their breeding lagoons in Mexico,

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Oliver, J. S., Slattery, P. N., Silberstein, M. A., & O'Connor, E. F. (1981). A Comparison of Gray Whale, Eschrichtius robustus, Feeding in the Bering Sea and Baja California . Fishery Bulletin, 81(3),

1178:, or whalebone, which acts like a sieve, to capture small sea animals, including amphipods taken in along with sand, water and other material. Off Vancouver Island, gray whales commonly feed on shrimp-like 1705:

It is also unknown whether any winter breeding grounds ever existed beyond Chinese coasts. For example, it is not known if the whales visited the southern coasts of the Korean Peninsula, adjacent to the

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Ostéographie des cétacés vivants et fossiles, comprenant la description et l'iconographie du squelette et du système dentaire de ces animaux; ainsi que des documents relatifs à leur histoire naturelle

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Along Japanese coasts, four females including a cow-calf pair were trapped and killed in nets in the 2000s. There had been a record of dead whale thought to be harpooned by dolphin-hunters found on

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few mothers linger with their young calves well into May. Whale watching in Baja's lagoons is particularly popular because the whales often come close enough to boats for tourists to pet them.

2233:. On September 8, 2007, five members of the Makah tribe shot a gray whale using high-powered rifles in spite of the decision. The whale died within 12 hours, sinking while heading out to sea. 1497: 7287: 6246: 7683: 5733: 1895:

for three weeks. It is unknown whether this was a cow-calf pair, which would have been a first record in Asia. All of the previous modern records in the Sea of Japan were of by-catches.

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recoveries and re-colonization in the future is likely to happen and the predicted range covers wider than that of today. The gray whale undergoes the longest migration of any mammal.

688:). Things got even worse in the 1930s when it was finally realised that the extinct Atlantic population was the same species as the extant Pacific population, and the new combination 420:

patches and white mottling on its dark skin. Gray whales were once called devil fish because of their fighting behavior when hunted. The gray whale is the sole living species in the

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put the most effort into conservation of the species among the Asian nations, there are no confirmed sightings along the Korean Peninsula or even in the Sea of Japan in recent years.

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Because of their size and need to migrate, gray whales have rarely been held in captivity, and then only for brief periods of time. The first captive gray whale, who was captured in

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produced one of the earliest descriptions of living Pacific gray whales, and notwithstanding that he was among the whalers who nearly drove them to extinction in the lagoons of the

463:, and on the American and African Atlantic coasts around the late 17th to early 18th centuries. However, in the 2010s and 2020s there have been rare sightings of gray whales in the 627:

were convinced that the bones described by Lilljeborg could not belong to a living species but that they were similar to fossils that Van Beneden had described from the harbour of

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Van Deinse points out the "scrag whale", described by P. Dudley in 1725, as one target of early New England whalers, was almost certainly the gray whale. In his 1835 history of

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Dunham, J. S., & Duffus, D. A. (2001). Foraging patterns of gray whales in central Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia, Canada. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 223, 299–310.

2172:, Obed Macy wrote that in the early pre-1672 colony, a whale of the kind called "scragg" entered the harbor and was pursued and killed by the settlers. Gray whales (Icelandic 4923: 2723: 649:, they were and still are associated with him and his description of the species. At this time, however, the extinct Atlantic population was considered a separate species ( 7024: 3910:

Ana S. L. Rodrigues; Anne Charpentier; Darío Bernal-Casasola; Armelle Gardeisen; Carlos Nores; José Antonio Pis Millán; Krista McGrath; Camilla F. Speller (July 11, 2018).

7050: 4876: 1967:. It is unclear the exact number of whales included in these sightings; two whales reported by fishermen and Japanese coastal guard reported three whales on 20th or 21st. 1524:

until 2016. The northwestern pacific population consists of approximately 300 individuals, based on photo identification collected off of Sakhalin Island and Kamchatka.

2176:) were described in Iceland in the early 17th century. Formations of commercial whaling among the Mediterranean basin(s) have been considered to be feasible as well. 1531:

was once thought not to have been a migration route, until several entanglements were recorded. Any records of the species had not been confirmed since after 1921 on

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are the main prey species. Some gray whales have also been seen off western Kamchatka, but to date all whales photographed there are also known from the Piltun area.

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of North America for the years 1919 to 1929, 234 gray whales were caught. Only a dozen or so were taken by British Columbian stations, nearly all of them in 1953 at

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The gray whale became extinct in the North Atlantic in the 18th century. They had been seasonal migrants to coastal waters of both sides of Atlantic, including the

4416: 1209:. In some years, the whales have also used an offshore feeding ground in 30–35 m (98–115 ft) depth southeast of Chayvo Bay, where benthic amphipods and 7521: 3670: 1887:

Possibly the first confirmed record of living animals in Japanese waters in the Sea of Japan since the end of whaling occurred on 3 April 2014 at Nodumi Beach,

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Some of the better documented historical catches show that it was common for whales to stay for months in enclosed waters elsewhere, with known records in the

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the location where the first commercial whaling started. Other areas with several sighting or stranding records in recent years are off the Kumanonada Sea in

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Hyun Woo Kim, Hawsun Sohn, Yasutaka Imai, 2018, Possible occurrence of a Gray Whale off Korea in 2015, International Whaling Commission, SC/67B/CMP/11 Rev1

5188: 1056:. This information and the recent sightings of Pacific gray whales in the Atlantic, suggest that another range expansion to the Atlantic may be starting. 676:), often based on fragmentary specimens, and taxonomists started to use several generic and specific names interchangeably and not always correctly (e.g. 7071:

Baker, C. S.; Dalebout, M. L.; Lento, G. M.; Funahashi, Naoko (2002). "Gray Whale Products Sold in Commercial Markets Along the Pacific Coast of Japan".

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As of 2001, the Californian gray whale population had grown to about 26,000. As of 2016, the population of western Pacific (seas near Korea, Japan, and

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and southern Korea, and a larger one with a population of about 27,000 individuals in the eastern Pacific traveling between the waters off northernmost

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Currently, the annual quota for the gray whale catch in the region is 140 per year. Pursuant to an agreement between the United States and Russia, the

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Status Report of Conservation and Researches on the Western North Pacific Gray Whales in Japan, May 2013 – April 2014 [document SC/65b/BRG12]

7118: 4585: 3087:"What happened to gray whales during the Pleistocene? The ecological impact of sea-level change on benthic feeding areas in the North Pacific Ocean" 1132:

gray whale calves were found dead in the Laguna Ojo de Liebre (Scammon's Lagoon), off the west coast of Mexico. They were joined by their bellies.

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Boessenecker, Robert (2007). "New records of fossil fur seals and walruses (Carnivora: Pinnipedia) from the late Neogene of Northern California".

9872: 4632: 1612: 942: 1662:. These areas are at the southwestern end of the known range. It is unknown whether the whales' normal range once reached further south, to the 6910: 6678: 6000: 5210:

Report of the Independent Scientific review Panel on the Impacts of Sakhalin II Phase 2 on Western Pacific Gray Whales and Related Biodiversity

2135: 745: 5730: 1455:. Some recent observations indicate that historic presences of resident whales are possible: a group of two or three were observed feeding in 9950: 9911: 1731: 5797: 3641: 908:

These migrations corresponded to times of relatively high temperatures in the Arctic Ocean. In 2021, one individual was seen in the port of

619:

realized that the rib and scapula of the specimen was different from those of any known rorquals, and therefore erected a new genus for it,

10110: 6608: 4568: 2650: 5953: 5915:

Brownell, R.L., Donovan, G.P., Kato, H., Larsen, F., Mattila, D., Reeves, R.R., Rock, Y., Vladimirov, V., Weller, D. & Zhu, Q. (2010)

2877:

Sasaki, T.; Nikaido, Masato; Hamilton, Healy; Goto, Mutsuo; Kato, Hidehiro; Kanda, Naohisa; Pastene, Luis; Cao, Ying; et al. (2005).

567:

Many other names have been ascribed to the gray whale, including desert whale, devilfish, gray back, mussel digger and rip sack. The name

6671: 1802:

in November, 2007. DNA studies indicated that this individual might have originated from the eastern population rather than the western.

6621: 1197:

The main feeding habitat of the western Pacific subpopulation is the shallow (5–15 m (16–49 ft) depth) shelf off northeastern

2078:. In three months, he caught 47 cows, yielding 1,700 barrels (270 m) of oil. In the winter of 1859–60, Scammon, again in the bark 792:

Two Pacific Ocean populations are known to exist: one population that is very low, whose migratory route is presumed to be between the

6120: 5983: 2267:

in 1962, although illegal hunts have taken place thereafter, and there have been no recent sightings of the species in Korean waters.

2012:

Commercial whaling by Europeans of the species in the North Pacific began in the winter of 1845–46, when two United States ships, the

740:, instead bearing 6 to 12 dorsal crenulations ("knuckles"), which are raised bumps on the midline of its rear quarter, leading to the 10120: 7678: 5633: 2027:

Gray whaling in Magdalena Bay was revived in the winter of 1855–56 by several vessels, mainly from San Francisco, including the ship

1467:

in the Sea of Japan and the first of living cow-calf pairs since the end of whaling stayed for about three weeks on the coastline of

1387: 5604: 4494: 4279:"Pre-Whaling Genetic Diversity and Population Ecology in Eastern Pacific Gray Whales: Insights from Ancient DNA and Stable Isotopes" 3671:"Report of the Scientific Committee, Tromsø, Norway, 30 May to 11 June 2011 Annex F: Sub-Committee on Bowhead, Right and Gray Whale" 1596: 10082: 9846: 5579: 4920: 3797: 2720: 2055:, Sea of Okhotsk, and the Western Arctic would take the odd gray whale if neither of the more desirable two species were in sight. 1739:

However, their wintering ground habits in the western North Pacific are still poorly understood and additional research is needed.

1643: 7399:

Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis 1: Mammalia

5658:

Weller, D. W.; Takanawa, N.; Ohizumi, H.; Funahashi, N.; Sychenko, O. A.; Burdin, A. M.; Lang, A. R.; Brownell Jr., R. L. (2015).

3852: 2001:

are the adult gray whale's only predators, although orcas are the more prominent predator. Aboriginal hunters, including those on

10130: 9885: 7021: 6529: 5660:"Photographic match of a western gray whale between Sakhalin Island, Russia, and the Pacific Coast of Japan. Paper SC/66a/BRG/17" 5302: 4695: 4607: 3267: 4940: 4903: 4419:. NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Protected Resource Division. 2015. Archived from 1809:

in late October, 1989 (prior to this, a pair was reported swimming in the area in 1987), followed by the record of 14 whales in

10135: 6840: 5817: 5195:. Final report on materials from field studies on the research vessel Nevelskoy in 2002. Marine Biology Institute, Vladivostok. 5143: 1794:

in 1996, and the only record in Chinese waters in the 21st century was of a fully-grown female being killed by entanglement in

6795:

Brownell Jr., R. L. and Swartz, S. L. 2006. The floating factory ship California operations in Californian waters, 1932–1937.

4113: 9989: 9929: 7046: 7006: 6821: 5881:

Tsai, Cheng-Hsiu; Fordyce, R. Ewan; Chang, Chun-Hsiang; Lin, Liang-Kong (2014). "Quaternary Fossil Gray Whales from Taiwan".

3912:"Forgotten Mediterranean calving grounds of grey and North Atlantic right whales: evidence from Roman archaeological records" 3825: 2633: 2426: 9890: 6229: 3263: 748:. The tail itself is 3–3.5 m (10–11 ft) across and deeply notched at the center while its edges taper to a point. 2142:, 201 were taken between 1849 and 1896. Several hundred more were probably caught by American and European whalemen in the 1690:

are unknown. There is only one confirmed record of accidentally killing of the species in Vietnam, at Ngoc Vung Island off

947: 7144:"Solar storms may trigger sperm whale strandings: explanation approaches for multiple strandings in the North Sea in 2016" 7105:

Noaa. (2020, January 17). 2019 Gray Whale Unusual Mortality Event along the West Coast. Retrieved February 11, 2020, from

6946: 1945:

on March 4, 2016. Investigations on the corpse indicate that this was likely a different individual from the above animal.

7529: 4843:"The Reproductive Cycle in Gray Whales Based on Photographic Resightings of Females on the Breeding Grounds from 1977–82" 4819: 3866: 3517:(1). The Mammal Society of Japan, Cetacean Research Laboratory in Marine environmental section in the Graduate School of 707:

The gray whale has a dark slate-gray color and is covered by characteristic gray-white patterns, which are scars left by

7250:"The California gray whale: papers presented at the California Gray Whale Workshop, Scripps Institution of Oceanography" 10115: 9833: 7393: 4420: 2596: 5406: 4248: 3503: 1587:. These areas may also have included feeding grounds. There are shallow, muddy areas favorable for feeding whales off 1339:

By late December to early January, eastern grays begin to arrive in the calving lagoons and bays on the west coast of

128: 9963: 7735: 7617: 7562: 7361: 7107:

https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-life-distress/2019-gray-whale-unusual-mortality-event-along-west-coast

6780: 6699: 6142:

Status Report of Conservation and Researches on the Western North Pacific Gray Whales in Japan, May 2014 – April 2015

5338: 5242: 5142:

Weller, D.W.; Wursig, B.; Bradford, A.L.; Burdin, A.M.; Blokhin, S.A.; inakuchi, H. & Brownell, R.L. Jr. (1999).

4441: 4395: 3976: 3681: 2308:

Offshore gas and oil development in the Okhotsk Sea within 20 km (12 mi) of the primary feeding ground off

2245: 2226: 7249: 6141: 6038: 5659: 2408: 10041: 8775: 7435: 5386: 2264: 2240:

from a conservation perspective. However, the specific subpopulation in the northwest Pacific is regarded as being

2197: 546: 6839:

David W. Weller; Alexander M. Burdin; Bernd Würsig; Barbara L. Taylor; Robert L. Brownell Jr; et al. (2002).

4082: 3781: 9955: 9736: 8757: 7119:

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/noaa-investigating-dozens-gray-whale-deaths-along-west-coast-180972333/

2309: 9763: 4398:. NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Protected Resource Division. 2010 10145: 9481: 7583: 5469: 5185: 3460: 2230: 2099: 1544: 607:, apparently a specimen from the now extinct north Atlantic population. Lilljeborg, however, identified it as " 6359: 6140:

Kato H.; Kishiro T.; Bando T.; Ohizumi H.; Nakamura G.; Okazoe N.; Yoshida H.; Mogoe T.; Miyashita T. (2015).

3894: 2838:"Cetacean mitochondrial DNA control region: sequences of all extant baleen whales and two sperm whale species" 8898: 8623: 8614: 660:

Things got increasingly confused as 19th century scientists introduced new species at an alarming rate (e.g.

5209: 4200: 3746: 1851:

for nearly two months in 2012 was later confirmed to be the same individual as the small whale observed off

9427: 8444: 8435: 8367: 6896: 6434: 5118: 3965: 3815:"Regional Species Extinctions – Examples of regional species extinctions over the last 1000 years and more" 2978:"Whole-genome sequencing of the blue whale and other rorquals finds signatures for introgressive gene flow" 1938:

and later at Habushi beach on Niijima, the same beach the same individual stayed near on the previous year.

1859:

in 2010, making it the first confirmed constant migration out of Russian waters. The juvenile observed off

873: 7701: 7305: 7130: 7117:

Daley, J. (2019, June 3). NOAA Is Investigating 70 Gray Whale Deaths Along the West Coast. Retrieved from

5689:

Vladimirov, V.L. (1994). "Recent distribution and abundance level of whales in Russian Far-Eastern seas".

1747: 9924: 9771: 9526: 9454: 8665: 8632: 8394: 6414: 6410: 6121:

Western gray whale activity in the East China Sea from acoustic data: Memorandum for Dr. Brandon Southall

3909: 3848: 3477:

Kato H.; Kishiro T.; Nishiwaki S.; Nakamura G.; Bando T.; Yasunaga G.; Sakamoto T.; Miyashita T. (2014).

2374: 1674:(with some fossil records and captures), and any presence in other areas outside of the known ranges off 203: 9776: 9612: 9559: 9550: 8477: 7885: 6931: 6326:

Aoyagi A.; Okuda J.; Nambu H.; Honma Y.; Yamada K. T.; Satou T.; Ohta M.; Ohara J.; Imamura M. (2014).

6028:

Uni Y., 2010, 『コククジラは大隅海峡を通るのか?』, Japan Cetology Research Group News Letter 25, retrieved on 11-05-2014

4671: 2611: 2358: 1037: 869: 17: 7633: 7483: 7397: 7335: 5721:

in Chinese coastal waters. Paper SC/50lAS5 presented to the IWC Scientific Committee, April 1998, Oman

2301:

with fishing gear, boat collisions, and possible impacts from fossil fuel exploration and extraction.

2122:

in Paradise Cove, processing gray whales. In 1936, gray whales became protected in the United States.

2089: 887:

Since the 2010s, there have been occasional sightings of gray whales in the Atlantic Ocean and in the

10046: 9445: 9400: 9368: 9359: 9344: 9335: 9185: 8784: 8641: 7894: 7495: 6588: 4738: 4143: 2260: 2044: 2040: 1297: 1167: 1145: 775: 646: 556: 6675: 6008: 3566:

Xianyan, Wang; Min, Xu; Fuxing, Wu; Weller, David W.; Xing, Miao; Lang, Aimee R.; Qian, Zhu (2015).

3145: 2651:"What is a whale native to the North Pacific doing off New England? Climate change could be the key" 1064: 9583: 9574: 9508: 9472: 9436: 9409: 9285: 8958: 8907: 8692: 8277: 7503: 7371: 6483: 3191:

Mead JG, Mitchell ED (1984). "Atlantic gray whales". In Jones ML, Swartz SL, Leatherwood S (eds.).

2550: 2294: 2032: 1985: 1826:

in 1994 for almost a month were recorded underwater by several researchers and whale photographers.

1622:

The historical calving grounds were unknown but might have been along southern Chinese coasts from

1463:

for almost two months in the 1980s and in 2012, the first confirmed living individuals in Japanese

1356: 1201:, particularly off the southern portion of Piltun Lagoon, where the main prey species appear to be 929: 642: 9942: 7663: 7456: 7375: 3035: 2496: 10125: 10020: 9294: 9102: 8286: 7129:

Solar Storms Might Be Causing Gray Whales to Get Lost. (n.d.). Retrieved February 11, 2020, from

6972: 6546: 6508: 6305: 5790: 5558: 5074: 4739:"Climate impacts on transocean dispersal and habitat in gray whales from the Pleistocene to 2100" 4144:"Climate impacts on transocean dispersal and habitat in gray whales from the Pleistocene to 2100" 2259:

South Korea and China list gray whales as protected species of high concern. In South Korea, the

2188:

Joint American-Russian freeing effort of whales entrapped by ice floe in Beaufort Sea as part of

1552: 877: 7574:

The Life History and Ecology of the Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus, Special Publication No. 3

7458:Öfversigt af de inom Skandinavien (Sverige och Norrige) anträffade Hvalartade Däggdjur (Cetacea) 5842:

Brownell, R.L. Jr.; Chun, C. (1977). "Probable existence of the Korean stock of the gray whale (

4921:

https://www.marinemammalcenter.org/education/marine-mammal-information/cetaceans/gray-whale.html

4565: 1963:

since February although at one point another whale if or if not the same individual sighted off

10007: 9877: 9698: 9499: 9463: 9418: 9303: 9111: 8188: 8170: 6838: 5376:

Mark Carwardine, 2019, Bloomsbury Publishing, Handbook of Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises, p.80

4593: 2277: 2249: 2189: 1069: 781: 541:, are more closely related to the gray whale than they are to some other rorquals, such as the 9750: 6816:. W. F. Perrin, B. Wursig, and J.G.M. Thewissen, eds. San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 655–662, 5385:

Koontz, K. (n.d.). Close Encounters With Bajas Gray Whales. Retrieved February 21, 2020, from

5328: 4991: 2043:

in northern California south to San Ignacio Lagoon. During the same period, vessels targeting

10002: 8725: 8716: 7948: 7728: 6841:"The western gray whale: a review of past exploitation, current status and potential threats" 6754:

Journal aboard the bark Ocean Bird on a whaling voyage to Scammon's Lagoon, winter of 1858–59

1317: 1216: 813: 308: 7346: 5752: 5289: 2416: 1837:, in 1997. This sighting was unusual because of the location on mid-latitude in summer time. 9807: 9745: 9194: 9120: 8358: 7876: 7214: 7080: 5980: 5186:

Benthos and prey studies in feeding grounds of the Okhotsk-Korean population of gray whales

5159: 5090: 5036: 4750: 4531: 4349: 4290: 4155: 4030: 3098: 2991: 2103: 1719: 1540: 1485: 1452: 1352: 1313: 983: 925: 837: 736:

bearing two to five shallow furrows on the throat's underside. The gray whale also lacks a

491:

The gray whale is traditionally placed as the only living species in its genus and family,

9903: 5934:

Chuẩn hóa lại tên cá voi xám trong bộ sưu tập mẫu vật của bảo tàng lịch sử tỉnh Quảng Ninh

5641: 3504:"日本沿岸域に近年（1990–2005 年）出現したコククジラEschrichtius robustus の骨学的特徴，特に頭骨形状から見た北太平洋西部系群と東部系群交流の可能性" 2854: 2837: 1810: 1576: 1371: 716:

15–33 t (17–36 short tons), making them the ninth largest sized species of cetacean.

571:

is sometimes seen; this is dependent on the acceptance of a 1777 description by Erxleben.

8: 9535: 9490: 9203: 8931: 8418: 8334: 8325: 8197: 6642: 6382: 5717:

Zhu, Q. (1998). "Strandings and sightings of the western Pacific stock of the gray whale

5608: 5413:. NOAA Fisheries Service, Protected Resource Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center 4467: 2349: 2244:. The northwest Pacific population is also listed as endangered by the U.S. government's 1888: 1865: 1833:, a renowned town for whale-watching tourism of resident and sub-resident populations of 1805:

Most notable observations of living whales after the 1980s were of 17 or 18 whales along

1727: 1588: 1340: 1275: 1263: 967: 865: 801: 151: 7218: 7142:

Vanselow, Klaus Heinrich; Jacobsen, Sven; Hall, Chris; Garthe, Stefan (15 August 2017).

7084: 5163: 5094: 5040: 4754: 4535: 4353: 4294: 4159: 4034: 3102: 2995: 2203:

Limited hunting of gray whales has continued since that time, however, primarily in the

1891:. Two individuals, measuring ten and five metres respectively, stayed near the mouth of 9674: 9517: 8982: 8973: 8740: 8549: 8540: 8525: 8516: 8376: 8310: 8301: 8245: 8236: 7939: 7452: 7092: 5898: 5863: 5356:"Gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) at calving sites in the Gulf of California, México" 5234: 5171: 4774: 4547: 4372: 4337: 4313: 4278: 4179: 4054: 4046: 3938: 3911: 3768:

Marine Mammals of the World. Systematics and Distribution. Special Publication Number 4

3226: 3121: 3086: 3012: 2977: 2976:Árnason, Úlfur; Lammers, Fritjof; Kumar, Vikas; Nilsson, Maria A.; Janke, Axel (2018). 2953: 2920: 2813: 2800: 2780: 2761: 2362: 2221: 2111: 1608: 1572: 1344: 1301: 1082: 958: 817: 448: 347: 324: 198: 119: 5306: 4611: 1925:

One of the above pair appeared in 2015 off southeastern Japan and then reappeared off

1898:

One of the above pair returned on the same beaches at the same time of a year in 2015.

1830: 1723: 9784: 9383: 9065: 9056: 8468: 8385: 8096: 8087: 7613: 7596: 7588: 7558: 7470: 7403: 7381: 7357: 7230: 7002: 6817: 6776: 6686: 5902: 5438: 5355: 5334: 5238: 5103: 5078: 4948: 4899: 4766: 4626: 4377: 4338:"DNA evidence for historic population size and past ecosystem impacts of gray whales" 4318: 4171: 4058: 3972: 3943: 3567: 3456: 3126: 3017: 2958: 2940: 2900: 2859: 2818: 2765: 2629: 2623: 2432: 2422: 2384: 2204: 1911: 1647: 1521: 995: 987: 888: 334: 9968: 7689: 7640: 5821: 4778: 4646: 4551: 4183: 3710: 3604: 3209:

Bryant, PJ (1995). "Dating remains of gray whales from the eastern North Atlantic".

2921:"Phylogenomic Resolution of the Cetacean Tree of Life Using Target Sequence Capture" 2573: 2473: 1948:

A 7 metres (23 ft) carcass of young female was firstly reported floating along

1840:

Another pair of sub-adults were confirmed swimming near the mouth of Otani River in

10073: 9789: 9626: 9318: 9240: 9231: 9221: 8940: 8881: 8766: 8597: 7993: 7975: 7966: 7721: 7695: 7658: 7509: 7462: 7222: 7165: 7155: 7088: 6768: 6339: 6065: 5890: 5855: 5770: 5488: 5271: 5230: 5167: 5098: 5044: 4895: 4758: 4539: 4486: 4367: 4357: 4308: 4298: 4163: 4038: 3995:

Van Deinse, AB (1937). "Recent and older finds of the gray whale in the Atlantic".

3933: 3923: 3708: 3583: 3546: 3218: 3116: 3106: 3082: 3007: 2999: 2982: 2948: 2932: 2890: 2849: 2808: 2792: 2753: 2491: 2379: 2169: 2148: 2002: 1964: 1915: 1869: 1834: 1600: 1560: 1489: 1448: 991: 881: 770: 555:

placed it in its own genus in 1865, naming it in honour of physician and zoologist

552: 452: 430: 4518:

Shpak V.O.; Kuznetsova M.D.; Rozhnov V.V. (2013). "Observation of the Gray Whale (

1953: 1931: 1402:, Bahia Navachiste, La Reforma, Bahia Altata) until being abandoned in the 1980s. 9976: 8701: 8683: 8674: 8564: 8179: 8161: 8143: 8011: 7708: 7411: 7226: 7028: 6682: 6233: 6226: 6127: 6098: 5987: 5960: 5940: 5801: 5737: 5677: 5525: 5393: 5192: 4927: 4572: 4444:. Oregon State University, Marine Mammal Institute. February 2011. Archived from 4303: 4274: 4249:"Gray whale sighted off New England 200 years after species' Atlantic extinction" 4215: 3898: 3245: 3111: 2727: 2353: 2131: 1942: 1926: 1735: 1675: 1651: 1627: 1548: 1517: 1501: 1443: 1425: 1198: 1187: 1183: 786: 723:

A close-up of a gray whale's double blow hole and some of its encrusted barnacles

522: 10033: 9916: 5753:

Nambu, Hisao; Minowa, Kazuhiro; Tokutake, Kouji & Yamada, Tadasu K. (2014).

5387:

https://www.oceanicsociety.org/blog/1569/close-encounters-with-bajas-gray-whales

5141: 4018: 3427: 1922:

A young whale was observed by land-based fishermen at Cape Irago in March, 2015.

1367: 899:. These were presumably migrants from the North Pacific population through the 812:. Following this, the IUCN downlisted the population's conservation status from 9662: 9650: 9638: 8582: 8349: 8221: 8212: 8059: 8050: 7782: 5634:"Nearly extinct western gray whale sighted again in coastal waters off Niigata" 3785: 2320:

in the 1990s. Meats for sale were also discovered in Japanese markets as well.

2290: 2143: 2052: 2036: 1806: 1795: 1687: 1663: 1584: 1509: 1325: 1129: 793: 526: 502: 498: 472: 464: 440:. This mammal is descended from filter-feeding whales that appeared during the 433: 275: 7185: 7160: 7143: 6655: 6542: 6504: 6297: 5916: 5550: 4800: 4543: 4230: 2895: 2878: 2698:"Lost in the Mediterranean, a starving grey whale must find his way home soon" 2280:

the extinct British population. As of 2024 this plan has not been undertaken.

447:

The gray whale is distributed in a Northeast Pacific (North American), and an

10104: 9898: 9721: 9686: 9175: 9000: 8403: 8128: 8077: 7844: 7835: 7649: 7600: 7592: 7474: 6388: 6344: 6327: 5775: 5754: 5492: 5467: 5407:"Demographic distinctness of the Pacific Coast Feeding Group of Gray Whales ( 4710:"Gray whale spotted off Florida coast. Here's why the sighting is so unusual" 3801: 3719: 3587: 3167:

Cederlund, BA (1938). "A subfossil gray whale discovered in Sweden in 1859".

2944: 2676:"Gray whale spotted off Florida coast. Here's why the sighting is so unusual" 2482: 2412: 2130:

The Japanese began to catch gray whales beginning in the 1570s. At Kawajiri,

2048: 2021: 1892: 1852: 1707: 1699: 1659: 1430: 1363: 1348: 1333: 1053: 853: 845: 501:, but an extinct species was discovered and placed in the genus in 2017, the 468: 171: 166: 70: 9838: 7466: 7415: 7407: 7385: 4362: 2936: 2917: 2796: 2436: 1903: 1823: 1822:

The feeding activities of a group of two or three whales that stayed around

1496: 1456: 1304:, they travel along the west coast of Canada, the United States and Mexico. 719: 9645: 9258: 8821: 8812: 8802: 7930: 7810: 7794: 7513: 7499: 7234: 4770: 4698:. Namibiandolphinproject.blogspot.ch (2013-05-14). Retrieved on 2013-07-28. 4381: 4322: 4175: 4042: 3947: 3928: 3130: 3021: 3003: 2962: 2904: 2822: 2518: 2217: 2209: 2006: 1580: 1564: 1528: 1312:. By mid-December to early January, the majority are usually found between 1242: 1171: 975: 900: 841: 741: 632: 493: 425: 416: 285: 6707: 6066:"Report of Gray Whale Sighting Survey off Korean waters from 2003 to 2011" 5148:) off Sakhalin Island, Russia: seasonal and annual patterns of occurrence" 4590:) sighting in Namibia (SE Atlantic) – first record for Southern Hemisphere 4445: 2863: 1770:

The last confirmed record in Korean waters was the sighting of a pair off

1616: 1336:

enthusiasts the opportunity to see groups of gray whales as they migrate.

10015: 9981: 9937: 9859: 9730: 9019: 8260: 7859: 7788: 7713: 6064:

Kim W.H., Sohn H.; An Y-R.; Park J.K.; Kim N.D.; Doo Hae An H.D. (2013).

6063: 6042: 5731:Краснокнижный серый кит приплыл под окна офиса заповедника «Командорский» 5049: 5020: 3623:

Andrew Lachman (May 8, 2018). "Unusual Number of Killer Whales Sighted".

1981: 1935: 1764: 1756: 1691: 1679: 1513: 1414: 1289: 1045: 861: 542: 255: 45: 9799: 6865:. ed. Halldór Hermannsson, Cornell University Library, Ithaca, New York. 5439:"A Gray Area: On the Matter of Gray Whales in the Western North Pacific" 5258:

Pike, Gordon C. (1 May 1962). "Migration and Feeding of the Gray Whale (

4490: 3476: 2804: 2740:

Kimura, T.; Hasegawa, Y.; Kohno, N. (2017). "A new species of the genus

2196:

Gray whales have been granted protection from commercial hunting by the

10087: 9851: 7984: 7825: 7170: 7131:

https://www.livescience.com/solar-storms-and-gray-whale-strandings.html

5867: 3747:"Fin whale, mountain gorilla populations rise amid conservation action" 3709:

Cooke, J.G.; Taylor, B.L.; Reeves, R. & Brownell Jr., R.L. (2018).

3230: 2184: 2119: 1856: 1848: 1841: 1695: 1536: 1472:

once occurred throughout many parts of Japan or on other coastal Asia.

1468: 1329: 1285: 1159: 1149: 1094:

of gray whale (1874 illustration) and outline of head showing spouthole

1011: 979: 849: 833: 829: 737: 604: 509:). Some recent studies place gray whales as being outside the rorqual 460: 451:

Northwest Pacific (Asian), population. North Atlantic populations were

90: 55: 9681: 6462: 5894: 5664:

International Whaling Commission, Scientific Committee (SC66a meeting)

5079:"Gray Whale Occurrence and Forage Southeast of Kodiak, Island, Alaska" 4762: 4605: 4167: 4142:

Alter, S. Elizabeth; Hofreiter, Michael; et al. (March 9, 2015).

4050: 2757: 712:

distinctive heart-shaped blow at the surface in calm wind conditions.

483: 9864: 9820: 9276: 9138: 8002: 7957: 6875: 4696:

Namibian Dolphin Project: A rare and mysterious visitor in Walvis Bay

4517: 4141: 2156: 1960: 1877: 1791: 1782:

in 1966. There was a possible sighting of a whale within the port of

1771: 1752: 1635: 1631: 1604: 1413:

By late March or early April, the returning animals can be seen from

1210: 1202: 1140: 1004: 999: 928:

researchers photographed a gray whale 30 miles (48 km) south of

904: 728: 534: 215: 95: 9692: 5859: 5496: 5275: 4919:

The Marine Mammal Center. (n.d.). Retrieved February 21, 2020, from

3246:"Ecotourism and the desert whale: An interview with Dr. Emily Young" 3222: 2781:"Radiation of extant cetaceans driven by restructuring of the ocean" 1959:

As of April 20, 2017, one or more whale(s) have been staying within

1873: 436:, however some recent studies classify it as a member of the family 10067: 9825: 9715: 9657: 9037: 9010: 8922: 8863: 8656: 8459: 7776: 7764: 7377:

Regnum animale in classes IX. distributum, sive, Synopsis methodica

6567: 6139: 4970:"Conjoined gray whale calves discovered in Mexican lagoon could be" 4608:"לווייתן אפור נצפה בפעם הראשונה מול חופי ישראל – מדע וסביבה – הארץ" 4083:"The Gray Whale Sneaks Back into the Atlantic, Two Centuries Later" 3891: 2317: 1907: 1881: 1783: 1715: 1639: 1623: 1592: 1556: 1163: 1049: 809: 708: 586:, the "whale with six bosses", apparently based on a brief note by 235: 85: 80: 65: 60: 50: 2835: 2624:

Perrin, William F.; Würsig, Bernd G.; Thewissen, J. G. M. (2009).

2421:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 723–743. 1480: 974:

In mid-1980, there were three gray whale sightings in the eastern

137: 9812: 9083: 8949: 8845: 8836: 8492: 7912: 7745: 7553:

Jones, Mary Lou; Swartz, Steven L.; Leatherwood, Stephen (1984).

7190: 6659: 6438: 6325: 6301: 5554: 3522: 2418:

Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference

2298: 2139: 1778:

in 1977. Prior to this, the last was of catches of 5 animals off

1711: 1683: 1655: 1551:. Gray whales, along with other species such as right whales and 1460: 1395: 1391: 1379: 1375: 1359:, who discovered the lagoons in the 1850s and hunted the grays). 1262:

Predicted distribution models indicate that overall range in the

1156: 1026: 1022: 917: 913: 896: 857: 628: 612: 581: 518: 513:, but as the closest relatives to the rorquals. But other recent 456: 441: 437: 265: 100: 75: 9994: 6629: 6435:"コククジラ in 日本（超貴重）Western Gray Whale sightings (Extremely Rare!)" 6166: 3892:

Ancient whale exploitation in the Mediterranean: species matters

3642:"Whale Conservation Success Highlighted in IUCN Red List Update" 2340: 1722:. There is no evidence of historical presence in Japan south of 1698:

Provincial Historical Museum. Gray whales are known to occur in

9758: 8573: 7770: 7758: 7581:

Swartz, Steven L.; Jones, Mary Lou (June 1987). "Gray Whales".

7205:

Morell, V. (20 January 2011). "Killer Whales Earn Their Name".

5976: 5468:

Nambu, Hisao; Ishikawa, Hajime & Yamada, Tadasu K. (2010).

2879:"Mitochondrial phylogenetics and evolution of mysticete whales" 1671: 1667: 1532: 1383: 1309: 1293: 1249: 1206: 1179: 1175: 1091: 892: 797: 732: 245: 225: 7488:

The marine mammals of the north-western coast of North America

6999:

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6874:

Russian Federation. (n.d.). Retrieved February 11, 2020, from

5657: 4875:

Swartz, Steven L.; Taylor, Barbara L.; Rugh, David J. (2006).

3404:

The marine mammals of the north-western coast of North America

3150:

Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

2467: 2465: 1355:(formerly known in English as Scammon's Lagoon after whaleman 1106:

The gestation period for gray whales is approximately 13

10028: 9157: 9148: 9047: 7347:"The Fossil Record and Phyletic Relationships of Gray Whales" 7340:(in German). Hamburg: Verlegts Georg Christian Grund, Buckdr. 6004: 4465: 4336:

Alter, S. E.; Rynes, E.; Palumbi, S. R. (11 September 2007).

2876: 2200:(IWC) since 1949, and are no longer hunted on a large scale. 1949: 1860: 1799: 1779: 1775: 1666:. In addition, the existence of historical calving ground on 1568: 1459:

in 1994 for almost a month, two single individuals stayed in

1118: 1030: 1018: 921: 909: 579:

A number of 18th century authors described the gray whale as

510: 421: 188: 182: 4798: 3603:

Noaa. (n.d.). Gray Whale. Retrieved February 21, 2020, from

2557:. Dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca (2012-07-31). Retrieved on 2012-12-20. 727:

Notable features that distinguish the gray whale from other

599:

The gray whale was first described as a distinct species by

9093: 8501: 7070: 5025:

feeding in the summer of 2005 off the central Oregon Coast"

3453:

Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife

2744:(Cetacea: Mysticeti) from the Early Pleistocene of Japan". 2462: 1998: 1535:. However, there were numerous records of whales along the 1122: 27:

Baleen whale that is the sole living member of Eschrichtius

7612:(1st ed.). Whale Cove Marine Education. p. 199. 7349:. In Jones, M. L.; Swartz, S. L.; Leatherwood, S. (eds.). 7141: 6938: 5917:

Conservation Plan for Western North Pacific Gray Whales (

5841: 5019:

Newell, Carrie L.; Cowles, Timothy J. (30 November 2006).

4647:"Satellites witness lowest Arctic ice coverage in history" 3990: 3988: 2975: 700: 9633: 8126: 7684:

Society for Marine Mammalogy – Gray Whale Species Account

7610:

E. robustus: The biology and human history of gray whales

6834: 6832: 6830: 6766: 6751: 6568:"伊豆のダイビングサービス | ダイビングサービス mieux -みう- | クジラが～！！" 5290:

https://www.bajaecotours.com/gray-whale-migration-map.php

5072: 4939:

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4596:

and the Namibian Dolphin Project. retrieved on 18-05-2014

4231:"Ponza, a gray whale sighted for the first time in Italy" 3549:. Standing expedition of IEE Russian Academy of Sciences. 1508:

The current western gray whale population summers in the

1464: 1279:

A gray whale breaching in a lagoon on the coast of Mexico

514: 7634:

US National Marine Fisheries Service Gray Whale web page

6863:

Ein stutt udirrietting um Íslands adskiljanlegu náttúrur

5288:

Map of the Gray Whale Migration. (n.d.). Retrieved from

4735: 2236:

As of 2018, the IUCN regards the gray whale as being of

2134:, 169 gray whales were caught between 1698 and 1889. At 7808: 6851:(1): 7–12 – via University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 6070:

National Fisheries Research & Development Institute

6001:"濒危物种数据库 – 灰鲸 Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljeborg, 1861)" 5073:

Moore, Sue E.; Wynne, Kate M.; Kinney, Jaclyn Clement;

4575:. Russian Geographical Society. retrieved on 24-05-2014 3985: 7552: 7337:

Nachrichten von Island, Grönland und der Strasse Davis

6827: 6752:

Scammon, Charles Melville; David A. Henderson (1972).

6463:"ダイビング中にコククジラと遭遇のミラクル！～房総半島・西川名と伊豆半島・赤沢で相次ぐ～｜オーシャナ" 4012: 4010: 3853:

Grey Whale (Atlantic population) Eschrichtius robustus

3565: 1941:

One whale of 9 metres (30 ft) was beached nearby

1555:, were common features off the north eastern coast of 1366:

and Pacific coasts of continental Mexico south to the

639:, reducing Lilljeborg's and Gray's names to synonyms. 9610: 7490:. San Franc.: John H. Carmany and Co. pp. 20–33. 7270: 4870: 4868: 4866: 3770:. Lawrence, Kansas: The Society for Marine Mammalogy. 3599: 3597: 1934:

on the 14th. The whale then stayed next to a pier on

564:

to distinguish from that of all other living whales.

7576:. The American Society of Mammalogists. p. 152. 7380:(in Latin and French). Lieden: Apud Theodorum Haak. 6298:"2014年日本海に出現したコククジラ / Grey whale 2014 Sea of Japan" 5520: 5518: 5516: 4114:"Why Are Gray Whales Moving to the Ocean Next Door?" 3085:; Lindberg, David R. (2011). Goswami, Anjali (ed.). 2836:

Arnason, U.; Gullberg A. & Widegren, B. (1993).

1224:

Diagram of the gray whale seafloor feeding strategy

5880: 4272: 4007: 3381: 2739: 1742: 7694:is available for free viewing and download at the 7572:Rice, Dale W.; Wolman, Allen A. (April 30, 1971). 7494: 4863: 4672:"Mystery gray whale sighted again off Spain coast" 4442:"Western Pacific Gray Whale, Sakhalin Island 2010" 4111: 3594: 3572:) Bycaught in the Taiwan Strait Off China in 2011" 3501: 3375: 624: 7271:Sumich, J. L.; Goff, T.; L. Perryman, W. (2001). 7022:The Grey Whale (Eastern North Pacific Population) 6964: 6732: 6730: 6728: 6726: 6724: 5954:Bí ẩn những con cá khổng lồ dạt vào biển Việt Nam 5513: 5264:Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 4794: 4792: 4790: 4788: 4335: 4210: 4208: 3886: 3884: 3605:https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/gray-whale 3519:Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology 3428:"How to Spot Whales from Shore | the whale trail" 2020:, under Captains Smith and Stevens, caught 32 in 1694:in 1994 and the skeleton is on exhibition at the 1634:, especially south of Hailing Island and to near 953: 10102: 7043:"Marine Mammals Stranding DataBase – Gray Whale" 7040: 5688: 4874: 3867:"Did the Gray Whale calve in the Mediterranean?" 3665: 3663: 3661: 3323: 3321: 3243: 2778: 1818:notable of these observations are listed below: 1128:On 7 January 2014, a pair of newborn or aborted 990:, and around the marine mammal sanctuary of the 7587:. Vol. 171, no. 6. pp. 754–771. 6996: 6092:Disappearing Whales: Korea's Inconvenient Truth 5653: 5651: 5628: 5626: 4708:McCloud, Cheryl; Crowley, Kinsey (2023-12-21). 4342:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 4023:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 3704: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3696: 3694: 3561: 3559: 3557: 3555: 3547:Observation of the gray whale in the Laptev Sea 3081: 2779:Seeman, Mette E.; et al. (December 2009). 2058:In December 1857, Charles Scammon, in the brig 1382:, and there were two modern calving grounds in 1190:eggs, various forms of larvae, and small fish. 1036:In December 2023, a gray whale was sighted off 1025:. In April, additional sightings were made off 943:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 880:, the latest from 1675. In his 1835 history of 6990: 6889:"Gray whale shot, killed in rogue tribal hunt" 6745: 6721: 5544: 5542: 5220: 5218: 5212:. IUCN, Gland Switzerland, and Cambridge, U.K. 4799:Rice, D.; Wolman, A. & Braham, H. (1984). 4785: 4707: 4205: 4080: 3959: 3957: 3881: 3622: 2721:The Paleobiology Database Eschrichtiidae entry 1488:, indicating their historical presences along 631:(most of his named species are now considered 7729: 7664:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T8097A50353881.en 7306:"Rescued Whale J.J. Begins Long Journey Home" 6970: 6944: 6295: 5137: 5135: 4836: 4834: 4832: 4663: 4564:Nefedova T., Gavrilo M., Gorshkov S. (2013). 4466:Rugh, David J.; Fraker, Mark A. (June 1981). 4241: 4019:"An essay upon the natural history of whales" 3658: 3472: 3470: 3468: 3318: 2614:. Worldwildlife.org. Retrieved on 2012-12-20. 2497:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T8097A50353881.en 2114:. In the winters of 1934–35 and 1935–36, the 1847:A sub-adult whale that stayed in the Ise and 1270: 1048:before the last glacial period and the early 1017:In March 2021, a gray whale was sighted near 7702:Voices in the Sea – Sounds of the Gray Whale 7344: 6887:Mapes, Lynda V.; Ervin, Keith (2007-09-09). 6775:. University of California Press, Berkeley. 5648: 5623: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5353: 5018: 4606:צפריר רינת 08.05.2010 16:47 עודכן ב: 16:50. 3691: 3552: 3497: 3495: 3327: 3190: 2449: 2406: 7638: 7580: 6845:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 6656:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9v7b02cCsP0 6530:Young Gray Whale Sighted near Tokyo Islands 6408: 5971: 5969: 5748: 5746: 5682: 5539: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5360:Journal of Cetacean Research and Management 5326: 5300: 5215: 4840: 4631:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 4107: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4099: 3954: 3541: 3539: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2471: 1726:; only one skeleton has been discovered in 1484:Gray and other whales were depicted on the 962:Calf with mouth open showing baleen, Alaska 856:during excavation of the antique harbor of 603:based on a subfossil found in the brackish 7743: 7736: 7722: 7571: 7451: 7248:Hubbs, Carl L.; Evans, William E. (1974). 7247: 6932:"Gray Whale Migration Site (울산 귀신고래 회유해면)" 6886: 6812:Kasuya, T. (2002). "Japanese whaling", in 6457: 6455: 5333:. Sunbelt Publications. pp. 171–173. 5132: 4829: 4225: 4223: 3994: 3784:. "Eastern Atlantic Specimens". pp 41–44. 3465: 3351: 1829:A pair of thin juveniles were sighted off 1010:In May 2013, a gray whale was sighted off 600: 333: 160: 136: 118: 10141:Extant Late Pleistocene first appearances 9229: 9183: 7679:Arkive – images & video of gray whale 7662: 7273:"Growth of two captive gray whale calves" 7186:"Deadly Killer Whale Moments (BBC Earth)" 7169: 7159: 6736: 6343: 6185: 6183: 5835: 5774: 5424: 5203: 5201: 5102: 5048: 4371: 4361: 4312: 4302: 3937: 3927: 3568:"Short Note: Insights from a Gray Whale ( 3492: 3204: 3202: 3195:. London: Academic Press. pp. 33–53. 3186: 3184: 3182: 3166: 3120: 3110: 3011: 2952: 2894: 2853: 2812: 2571: 2495: 2407:Mead, J. G.; Brownell, R. L. Jr. (2005). 1052:immediately following the opening of the 7392: 7333: 5966: 5812: 5810: 5743: 5452: 5404: 5225:Swartz, Steven L. (2018). "Gray Whale". 4731: 4729: 4195: 4193: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4112:Schiffman, Richard (February 25, 2016). 4096: 3798:Global Biodiversity Information Facility 3780:Jones L.M..Swartz L.S.. Leatherwood S.. 3536: 3451:Burnie D. and Wilson D.E. (eds.) (2005) 3308: 3304: 3287: 2560: 2339: 2183: 2088: 2009:in Washington, have hunted gray whales. 1980: 1746: 1495: 1479: 1424: 1274: 1248: 1227: 1139: 1086: 1063: 966:Several whales seen off Sakhalin and on 957: 780: 769: 718: 699: 482: 9008: 7522:"P. J. Van Beneden and P. Gervais 1868" 7481: 7370: 6452: 6380: 6087: 6085: 5548: 4985: 4983: 4220: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4070: 4068: 3864: 3765: 3618: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3399: 3387: 3312: 3268:Integrated Taxonomic Information System 2695: 2673: 2648: 2125: 935: 14: 10103: 9146: 8085: 7607: 7204: 6934:. Official Korea Tourism Organization. 6532:. IUCN SSC – Cetacean Specialist Group 6328:"2014年春に新潟県信濃川大河津分水路河口付近に出現したコククジラの観察" 6180: 5305:. Alaska Science Forum. Archived from 5224: 5198: 4669: 4016: 3963: 3445: 3414: 3339: 3208: 3199: 3179: 3065:Annals and Magazine of Natural History 2551:Recovery Strategy for the Grey Whale ( 2402: 2400: 1144:Gray whale breaching off the coast of 653:) from the living Pacific population ( 587: 9697: 9696: 8125: 7807: 7717: 7555:The Gray whale: Eschrichtius robustus 7345:Barnes, L. G.; McLeod, S. A. (1984). 7303: 7148:International Journal of Astrobiology 7047:National Museum of Nature and Science 6484:"Ryo Okamoto – 伊良湖岬で釣りしてたら、クジラ出現。..." 5807: 5701: 4938: 4726: 4190: 4130: 3782:The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus 3636: 3634: 2855:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040061 2714: 2270: 1992: 1952:on 4 April then was washed ashore on 1475: 1068:A whale swims off the coast near the 635:) and therefore named the gray whale 517:analyses have suggested that certain 429:. It is the sole living genus in the 9045: 6739:Men & Whales at Scammon's Lagoon 6700:"Gray Whales, Eschrichtius robustus" 6082: 5470:"Records of the western gray whale, 5257: 4992:"Eschrichtius robustus (gray whale)" 4980: 4472:) Sightings in Eastern Beaufort Sea" 4065: 3609: 3363: 3256: 3143: 3058: 2297:, toxic spills, aboriginal whaling, 2159:) gray whales was an estimated 200. 1988:'s 1874 illustration of a gray whale 1516:region at the northeastern coast of 998:, since an alternative route around 785:Gray whale spouting along shores of 616: 574: 10111:IUCN Red List least concern species 9091: 7650:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 7402:(in Latin). Leipzig: Weygandianis. 6622:"伊豆新聞デジタル – IZU SHIMBUN DIGITAL --" 6589:"動画っす(｀_´)ゞ – ダイビングサービス mieux – みう" 5759:, from Central Japan, Sea of Japan" 4639: 4216:2021-04-04, Archive – Yasutaka Imai 3971:. Boston: Hilliard, Gray & Co. 3720:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2911: 2483:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2397: 2162: 459:) on the European coast before 500 24: 7546: 7093:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2002.tb01036.x 6876:https://iwc.int/russian-federation 6756:. Los Angeles: Dawson's Book Shop. 6741:. Los Angeles: Dawson's Book Shop. 6274:. www.beachland.jp. Archived from 5755:"New observations on Gray whales, 5553:. Japan Underwater Films. p. 5235:10.1016/B978-0-12-804327-1.00140-0 5172:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00886.x 4081:Hamilton, Alex (October 8, 2015). 3916:Proceedings of the Royal Society B 3631: 3627:. Bay Area News Group. p. B1. 3028: 2535: 2452:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 1976: 1420: 1292:seas and ending in the warm-water 1215: 549:has followed this classification. 145:Size compared to an average human 25: 10157: 8758:Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin ( 7627: 7356:. Academic Press. pp. 3–28. 6190:Marine Mammals Stranding DataBase 5474:: its distribution and migration" 5354:Findley, T.L.; Vidal, O. (2002). 4592:. Mammal Research Institute, the 4566:Летом в Арктике стало меньше льда 3804:. Retrieved on September 21, 2017 2696:Minguez, Alexandre (2021-05-07). 2555:), Atlantic Population, in Canada 2541:Britannica Micro.: v. IV, p. 693. 2246:National Marine Fisheries Service 2227:National Marine Fisheries Service 2062:, along with his schooner-tender 1351:to the south, and, to the north, 891:, including one off the coast of 823: 751: 10121:Taxa named by Wilhelm Lilljeborg 9680: 9668: 9656: 9644: 9632: 9620: 7297: 7293:from the original on 2015-10-15. 7264: 7241: 7198: 7178: 7135: 7123: 7111: 7099: 7064: 7034: 7031:. Species at Risk. dfo-mpo.gc.ca 7015: 6973:"US whales may be brought to UK" 6947:"Moving Whales Across the World" 6924: 6903: 6880: 6868: 6855: 6806: 6797:International Whaling Commission 6789: 6760: 6692: 6665: 6648: 6636: 6614: 6602: 6581: 6560: 6535: 6522: 6497: 6476: 6427: 6402: 6374: 6352: 6319: 6289: 6264: 6239: 6220: 6195: 6159: 6133: 6113: 6104: 6057: 6031: 6022: 6003:. 中华人民共和国濒危物种科学委员会. p. the 5993: 5990:. Retrieved on November 24. 2014 5946: 5926: 5909: 5874: 5783: 5724: 5711: 5670: 5597: 5572: 5398: 5379: 5370: 5347: 5320: 5294: 5282: 5251: 5104:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2007.00102.x 4989: 4900:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2006.00082.x 4825:from the original on 2008-10-31. 4201:Grijze walvis gemeld bij Marokko 3788:. Retrieved on September 5, 2017 2198:International Whaling Commission 2093:Spyhopping off the Alaskan coast 1743:Recent migration in Asian waters 1429:A gray whale swims near surf on 1324:, often visible from shore. The 765: 547:American Society of Mammalogists 202: 43: 8899:Indo-Pacific finless porpoise ( 8776:Tamanend's bottlenose dolphin ( 8624:Indian Ocean humpback dolphin ( 8615:Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin ( 7557:. Academic Press. p. 600. 6570:. Ds-mieux.com. 14 January 2016 6549:from the original on 2021-11-18 6511:from the original on 2021-11-18 6360:"寺泊沖にクジラ現る・長岡「生きたまま初めて見た」地元驚き" 6308:from the original on 2021-11-18 6068:. Cetacean Research Institute, 5561:from the original on 2021-11-18 5178: 5111: 5066: 5057: 5012: 5002: 4962: 4932: 4913: 4701: 4689: 4610:. Haaretz.co.il. Archived from 4599: 4584:Elwen H.S., Gridley T. (2013). 4578: 4558: 4511: 4500:from the original on 2012-04-22 4459: 4434: 4409: 4396:"Gray Whale Population Studies" 4388: 4329: 4266: 3903: 3858: 3842: 3807: 3791: 3774: 3759: 3739: 3420: 3408: 3393: 3369: 3357: 3345: 3333: 3297: 3281: 3237: 3160: 3137: 3075: 3052: 2969: 2870: 2842:Molecular Biology and Evolution 2829: 2772: 2733: 2689: 2667: 2649:Whittle, Patrick (2024-03-05). 2642: 2628:. Academic Press. p. 404. 2617: 2179: 2039:and from whaling stations from 1650:, and possibly as far south as 1076: 1059: 10131:Cetaceans of the Pacific Ocean 8445:Southern right whale dolphin ( 8436:Northern right whale dolphin ( 8368:Atlantic white-sided dolphin ( 6971:Hooper, Rowan (18 July 2005). 6945:Hooper, Rowan (23 July 2005). 6861:Jón Guðmundsson lærði (1966). 6814:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals 6411:"【フォトギャラリー】伊豆諸島で見つかった希少なコククジラ" 6249:. Beachland.jp. Archived from 6205:. Beachland.jp. Archived from 6119:Gagnon, Chuck (November 2016) 5820:. geocities.jp. Archived from 5678:Daegokcheon Stream Petroglyphs 5676:UNESCO World Heritage Centre, 5227:Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals 4881:population and stock identity" 4255:. Associated Press. 2024-03-06 3855:. Retrieved on August 15, 2017 3376:Van Beneden & Gervais 1868 3169:Zoologiska Bidrag från Uppsala 2674:McCloud, Cheryl (2023-12-21). 2626:Encyclopedia of marine mammals 2605: 2590: 2572:Fisheries, NOAA (2020-06-25). 2544: 2511: 2443: 2231:Environmental Impact Statement 1500:A gray whale in the water off 1253:A gray whale viewed from above 954:Integration and recolonization 760: 695: 625:Van Beneden & Gervais 1868 13: 1: 10136:Cetaceans of the Arctic Ocean 9482:Deraniyagala's beaked whale ( 9455:Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale ( 8666:Pantropical spotted dolphin ( 8633:Australian humpback dolphin ( 8395:Pacific white-sided dolphin ( 6773:The History of Modern Whaling 6662:. Retrieved on April 21, 2017 6645:. Retrieved on April 21, 2017 5963:. Retrieved on March 09, 2017 5943:. Retrieved on March 09, 2017 5740:. Retrieved on March 09, 2017 5405:Lang, A. (January 19, 2011). 3502:Nakamura G.; Kato H. (2014). 2574:"Gray Whale | NOAA Fisheries" 2390: 1876:, and on coastlines close to 1362:Gray whales once ranged into 1343:. The three most popular are 8478:Australian snubfin dolphin ( 7886:North Atlantic right whale ( 7227:10.1126/science.331.6015.274 6737:Henderson, David A. (1972). 5981:Tags > Pingtan gray whale 5303:"Recovery of the Gray Whale" 5119:"GRAY WHALE: ZoomWhales.com" 5029:Geophysical Research Letters 4670:Walker, Matt (30 May 2010). 4304:10.1371/journal.pone.0035039 3802:Occurrence Detail 1322462463 3112:10.1371/journal.pone.0021295 2730:accessed on 26 December 2010 2335: 2263:was registered as the 126th 1257: 948:Marine Mammal Protection Act 903:. A 2015 study of DNA from 384:Van Deinse & Junge, 1937 7: 9428:Blainville's beaked whale ( 9369:Tropical bottlenose whale ( 9345:Southern bottlenose whale ( 9336:Northern bottlenose whale ( 8785:Common bottlenose dolphin ( 8642:Atlantic humpback dolphin ( 7895:North Pacific right whale ( 7484:"The California Gray Whale" 6689:Retrieved on April 22, 2017 6528:Braulik, Gill (2015-04-16) 6383:"絶滅危惧のコククジラ、２年連続で現れた新潟・長岡" 4945:www.graywhalefoundation.org 4941:"The Gray Whale Foundation" 3849:Fisheries and Oceans Canada 2602:. American Cetacean Society 2375:Gray Whale Cove State Beach 2368: 1910:for weeks then adjacent to 916:, followed by sightings in 870:North Atlantic right whales 478: 10: 10162: 9527:Stejneger's beaked whale ( 8908:Yangtze finless porpoise ( 8693:Atlantic spotted dolphin ( 8278:Short-finned pilot whale ( 7327: 6465:. Oceana.ne.jp. 2016-01-19 5526:"連鎖の崩壊第３部命のふるさと２−四国新聞社" 5301:Davis, T.N. (1979-09-06). 4417:"Automatic Whale Detector" 2359:Marina del Rey, California 2283: 1971: 1271:Eastern Pacific population 1241:A gray whale feeding near 1155:The whale feeds mainly on 1135: 1080: 1038:Sunny Isles Beach, Florida 10116:Mammals described in 1861 10057: 9705: 9572: 9560:Shepherd's beaked whale ( 9548: 9381: 9357: 9316: 9274: 9257: 9220: 9174: 9137: 9103:Araguaian river dolphin ( 9082: 9036: 8999: 8971: 8920: 8879: 8862: 8834: 8810: 8801: 8738: 8714: 8654: 8595: 8562: 8538: 8514: 8490: 8457: 8416: 8347: 8323: 8299: 8287:Long-finned pilot whale ( 8258: 8234: 8210: 8159: 8142: 8138: 8121: 8076: 8048: 8024: 7928: 7911: 7857: 7833: 7824: 7820: 7803: 7753: 7691:The California Gray Whale 7161:10.1017/s147355041700026x 7027:January 14, 2016, at the 6609:絶滅心配コククジラの死骸千葉・南房総で見つかる 6505:"今日のコククジラ館山西川名 201601f" 6413:. Japanese office of the 5580:"コククジラが三河湾を回遊／絶滅恐れ、３月に１頭" 4852:(t2): 177. Archived from 4544:10.1134/S1062359013090100 3244:Waser, Katherine (1998). 2896:10.1080/10635150590905939 2344:A gray whale in captivity 2310:northeast Sakhalin Island 2261:Gray Whale Migration Site 1433:within residential range. 1298:Baja California Peninsula 895:and one off the coast of 647:Baja California Peninsula 557:Daniel Frederik Eschricht 353: 346: 341: 332: 314: 307: 199:Scientific classification 197: 180: 158: 149: 144: 135: 126: 117: 34: 9446:Gervais's beaked whale ( 9401:Sowerby's beaked whale ( 9112:Bolivian river dolphin ( 6997:Monbiot, George (2013). 6911:"- 문화재검색결과 상세보기 – 문화재검색" 6611:. nhk.or.jp (2015-05-03) 6345:10.5181/cetology.0.24_15 6167:"Japan Underwater Films" 5883:Paleontological Research 5776:10.5181/cetology.0.24_11 5493:10.5181/cetology.0.20_21 5075:Grebmeier, Jacqueline M. 4273:Alter, SE; Newsome, SD; 3715:(western subpopulation)" 3588:10.1578/AM.41.3.2015.327 3328:Barnes & McLeod 1984 2746:Paleontological Research 2415:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). 2361:where she was rushed to 2033:Charles Melville Scammon 1986:Charles Melville Scammon 1638:. Possibilities include 1357:Charles Melville Scammon 930:Nantucket, Massachusetts 643:Charles Melville Scammon 9584:Cuvier's beaked whale ( 9509:Perrin's beaked whale ( 9473:Hector's beaked whale ( 9437:Ramari's beaked whale ( 9410:Andrews' beaked whale ( 9286:Arnoux's beaked whale ( 8959:Burmeister's porpoise ( 8726:Rough-toothed dolphin ( 8150:(Oceanic dolphins) 7949:Antarctic minke whale ( 7482:Scammon, C. M. (1874). 7467:10.5962/bhl.title.15843 7254:Marine Fisheries Review 7041:Yamada T.; Watanabe Y. 6658:ゴムボート東京湾ホエールウォッチング❗ 」. 6507:. YouTube. 2016-01-09. 5121:. Enchantedlearning.com 4812:Marine Fisheries Review 4363:10.1073/pnas.0706056104 3264:"Eschrichtius robustus" 3040:www.mammaldiversity.org 2102:. A whaling station in 878:Jupiter Island, Florida 744:. This is known as the 41:Late Pleistocene–Recent 9295:Baird's beaked whale ( 9195:Ganges river dolphin ( 9121:Amazon river dolphin ( 8502:Orca or killer whale ( 8426:(Right whale dolphins) 8359:White-beaked dolphin ( 7877:Southern right whale ( 7608:Sumich, James (2014). 7514:10.5962/bhl.title.9521 7508:. Paris: A. Bertrand. 6591:. Facebook. 2016-01-13 6296:Birdnetmaster (2015). 5640:. 2015. Archived from 4594:University of Pretoria 4522:) in the Laptev Sea". 4043:10.1098/rstl.1724.0053 3929:10.1098/rspb.2018.0961 3646:The Maritime Executive 3036:"Explore the Database" 3004:10.1126/sciadv.aap9873 2345: 2250:Endangered Species Act 2193: 2190:Operation Breakthrough 2094: 1989: 1760: 1702:even in recent years. 1658:, particularly around 1505: 1493: 1434: 1280: 1254: 1246: 1220: 1152: 1095: 1073: 1070:Santa Monica Mountains 963: 868:were gray whales (and 789: 778: 724: 704: 651:Eschrischtius robustus 597: 531:Megaptera novaeangliae 488: 10146:Symbols of California 10003:Paleobiology Database 9764:eschrichtius-robustus 9751:Eschrichtius_robustus 9737:Eschrichtius robustus 9707:Eschrichtius robustus 9536:Spade-toothed whale ( 9500:True's beaked whale ( 9491:Strap-toothed whale ( 9464:Gray's beaked whale ( 9419:Hubbs' beaked whale ( 9304:Sato's beaked whale ( 9204:Indus river dolphin ( 8932:Spectacled porpoise ( 8748:(Bottlenose dolphins) 8189:Heaviside's dolphin ( 8171:Commerson's dolphin ( 7976:Pygmy Bryde's whale ( 7643:Eschrichtius robustus 7353:Eschrichtius Robustus 7334:Anderson, J. (1746). 7073:Marine Mammal Science 6654:鎌倉ゴムボートコング山田肇. 2017.「 5919:Eschrichtius robustus 5844:Eschrichtius robustus 5757:Eschrichtius robustus 5719:Eschrichtius robustus 5472:Eschrichtius robustus 5260:Eschrichtius gibbosus 5146:Eschrichtius robustus 5083:Marine Mammal Science 5023:Eschrichtius robustus 4879:Eschrichtius robustus 4850:Rep. Int. Whal. Comm. 4803:Eschrichtius robustus 4651:European Space Agency 4588:Eschrichtius robustus 4520:Eschrichtius robustus 4470:Eschrichtius robustus 3822:Census of Marine Life 3713:Eschrichtius robustus 3625:San Jose Mercury-News 3570:Eschrichtius robustus 3250:Arid Lands Newsletter 2937:10.1093/sysbio/syz068 2797:10.1093/sysbio/syp060 2678:. The Palm Beach Post 2599:Eschrichtius robustus 2553:Eschrichtius robustus 2476:Eschrichtius robustus 2343: 2242:critically endangered 2187: 2092: 2070:and schooner tenders 1984: 1750: 1575:, and islands in the 1553:Baird's beaked whales 1499: 1483: 1428: 1278: 1252: 1240: 1219: 1143: 1090: 1067: 961: 874:Southampton, New York 814:critically endangered 784: 773: 722: 703: 690:Eschrichtius gibbosus 682:Balaenoptera robustus 662:Eschrichtius pusillus 655:Rhachianectes glaucus 592: 569:Eschrichtius gibbosus 561:Rhachianectes glaucus 539:Balaenoptera physalus 486: 411:), also known as the 408:Eschrichtius robustus 381:Eschrichtius gibbosus 373:Rhachianectes glaucus 318:Eschrichtius robustus 10059:Balaenoptera robusta 9518:Pygmy beaked whale ( 9391:(Mesoplodont whales) 8550:False killer whale ( 8526:Melon-headed whale ( 8246:Pygmy killer whale ( 7940:Common minke whale ( 7657:: e.T8097A50353881. 7639:Cooke, J.G. (2018). 7304:Perry, Tony (1998). 6801:Scientific Committee 6543:"赤沢コククジラ 2016.1.14" 6486:Facebook. 2015-03-23 6409:Takanawa N. (2015). 5793:Eschrictius robustus 5691:Russian J. Mar. Biol 5409:Eschrictius robustus 5327:Niemann, G. (2002). 5229:. pp. 422–428. 5184:Fadeev V.I. (2003). 5050:10.1029/2006GL027189 5021:"Unusual gray whale 4996:Animal Diversity Web 4235:Italy24 News English 4029:(381–391): 256–259. 3890:The MORSE Project – 3307:, pp. 610–611; 3211:Journal of Mammalogy 3083:Pyenson, Nicholas D. 2519:"Appendices | CITES" 2490:: e.T8097A50353881. 2472:Cooke, J.G. (2018). 2104:Richmond, California 1734:once considered the 1720:Zhoushan Archipelago 1714:Island, the Gulf of 1543:, in Ine Bay in the 1541:Yamaguchi Prefecture 1486:Bangudae Petroglyphs 1453:Yamaguchi Prefecture 1353:Laguna Ojo de Liebre 984:New Siberian Islands 936:Prewhaling abundance 926:New England Aquarium 838:Gulf of St. Lawrence 637:Plesiocetus robustus 609:Balaenoptera robusta 9326:(Bottlenose whales) 9066:Dwarf sperm whale ( 9057:Pygmy sperm whale ( 8889:(Finless porpoises) 8605:(Humpback dolphins) 8469:Irrawaddy dolphin ( 8386:Hourglass dolphin ( 8097:Pygmy right whale ( 7584:National Geographic 7219:2011Sci...331..274M 7085:2002MMamS..18..295B 6415:National Geographic 6272:""プリン展"から"コククジラ展"へ" 6227:2012 年に漂着した海棲哺乳類につい 6101:. Greenpeace (2012) 6045:on 3 September 2015 5164:1999MMamS..15.1208W 5095:2007MMamS..23..419M 5041:2006GeoRL..3322S11N 4755:2015MolEc..24.1510A 4714:The Palm Beach Post 4536:2013BioBu..40..797S 4491:10.14430/arctic2521 4354:2007PNAS..10415162A 4348:(38): 15162–15167. 4295:2012PLoSO...735039A 4199:SOS Dolfijn, 2021, 4160:2015MolEc..24.1510A 4035:1724RSPT...33..256D 3687:on 5 November 2011. 3103:2011PLoSO...621295P 2996:2018SciA....4.9873A 2213:native population. 1889:Teradomari, Niigata 1728:Miyazaki Prefecture 1599:, Cape Ochiishi on 1341:Baja California Sur 1264:last glacial period 1103:has been reported. 968:Kamchatka Peninsula 866:Strait of Gibraltar 802:Baja California Sur 152:Conservation status 9241:La Plata dolphin ( 8941:Harbour porpoise ( 8910:N. asiaeorientalis 8767:Burrunan dolphin ( 8335:Fraser's dolphin ( 8198:Hector's dolphin ( 7707:2015-01-09 at the 7496:Van Beneden, P. J. 7428:1864 (gray whale)" 7394:Erxleben, J. C. P. 6767:Tønnessen, Johan; 6681:2017-04-22 at the 6676:撮影成功! 姿現した「東京湾クジラ」 6632:on April 20, 2016. 6232:2014-04-27 at the 6126:2016-12-24 at the 6097:2016-03-05 at the 5986:2017-06-25 at the 5959:2017-03-12 at the 5939:2017-03-12 at the 5800:2015-09-24 at the 5736:2017-03-12 at the 5392:2020-02-21 at the 5191:2017-01-06 at the 4976:. January 8, 2014. 4926:2020-02-21 at the 4571:2014-05-24 at the 4017:Dudley, P (1725). 3897:2016-12-20 at the 3727:: e.T8099A50345475 3434:. 13 February 2011 3417:, pp. 857–859 3378:, pp. 290–291 2925:Systematic Biology 2883:Systematic Biology 2785:Systematic Biology 2726:2012-10-21 at the 2363:SeaWorld San Diego 2346: 2271:Rewilding proposal 2194: 2126:Western population 2112:Malibu, California 2095: 1993:Eastern population 1990: 1761: 1609:Tottori Sand Dunes 1573:Shakotan Peninsula 1506: 1494: 1476:Western population 1435: 1328:industry provides 1302:Gulf of California 1281: 1255: 1247: 1221: 1153: 1096: 1083:Whale reproduction 1074: 964: 790: 779: 725: 705: 686:Agalephus gibbosus 678:Agalephus gobbosus 489: 10098: 10097: 9699:Taxon identifiers 9608: 9607: 9604: 9603: 9600: 9599: 9596: 9595: 9394: 9329: 9268: 9253: 9252: 9216: 9215: 9170: 9169: 9133: 9132: 9078: 9077: 9032: 9031: 8995: 8994: 8983:Dall's porpoise ( 8892: 8873: 8858: 8857: 8797: 8796: 8751: 8702:Spinner dolphin ( 8684:Striped dolphin ( 8675:Clymene dolphin ( 8608: 8429: 8377:Peale's dolphin ( 8311:Risso's dolphin ( 8271: 8180:Chilean dolphin ( 8153: 8132: 8117: 8116: 8113: 8112: 8109: 8108: 8072: 8071: 7922: 7907: 7906: 7870: 7814: 7426:Eschrichtius Gray 7310:Los Angeles Times 7213:(6015): 274–276. 7008:978-1-846-14748-7 6893:The Seattle Times 6822:978-0-12-373553-9 6687:Fuji News Network 5895:10.2517/2014PR009 5818:"珍客コククジラ静岡沖で潮吹き" 5666:. San Diego, USA. 5551:"中村宏治コククジラ撮影秘話！" 4841:Jones, Mary Lou. 4801:"The Gray Whale, 4763:10.1111/mec.13121 4743:Molecular Ecology 4237:. April 15, 2021. 4214:Observation.org, 4168:10.1111/mec.13121 4148:Molecular Ecology 4118:Discover Magazine 3545:Shpak O. (2011). 3432:thewhaletrail.org 2758:10.2517/2017PR007 2635:978-0-12-373553-9 2428:978-0-8018-8221-0 2385:List of cetaceans 2265:national monument 1912:Miho no Matsubara 1811:La Pérouse Strait 1648:Leizhou Peninsula 1597:Notsuke Peninsula 1577:La Pérouse Strait 1522:Commander Islands 1400:Bahia Santa Maria 1372:Bahía de Banderas 1300:and the southern 1238: 1021:, the capital of 996:Northwest Passage 988:East Siberian Sea 924:. In March 2024, 889:Mediterranean Sea 575:Taxonomic history 399: 398: 393: 385: 377: 369: 365:Agaphelus glaucus 361: 342:Gray whale range 192: 175: 16:(Redirected from 10153: 10091: 10090: 10078: 10077: 10076: 10050: 10049: 10037: 10036: 10024: 10023: 10011: 10010: 9998: 9997: 9985: 9984: 9972: 9971: 9959: 9958: 9946: 9945: 9933: 9932: 9920: 9919: 9907: 9906: 9894: 9893: 9881: 9880: 9868: 9867: 9855: 9854: 9842: 9841: 9829: 9828: 9816: 9815: 9803: 9802: 9793: 9792: 9780: 9779: 9767: 9766: 9754: 9753: 9741: 9740: 9739: 9726: 9725: 9724: 9694: 9693: 9685: 9684: 9673: 9672: 9671: 9661: 9660: 9649: 9648: 9637: 9636: 9625: 9624: 9623: 9616: 9393: 9392: 9388: 9328: 9327: 9323: 9272: 9271: 9267: 9266: 9262: 9227: 9226: 9181: 9180: 9144: 9143: 9105:I. araguaiaensis 9089: 9088: 9043: 9042: 9022:P. macrocephalus 9006: 9005: 8891: 8890: 8886: 8877: 8876: 8872: 8871: 8867: 8808: 8807: 8750: 8749: 8745: 8607: 8606: 8602: 8583:Guiana dolphin ( 8428: 8427: 8423: 8280:G. macrorhynchus 8270: 8269: 8265: 8222:Common dolphin ( 8157: 8156: 8152: 8151: 8147: 8140: 8139: 8131:(Toothed whales) 8130: 8123: 8122: 8083: 8082: 8060:Humpback whale ( 7942:B. acutorostrata 7926: 7925: 7921: 7920: 7916: 7869: 7868: 7864: 7831: 7830: 7822: 7821: 7812: 7805: 7804: 7738: 7731: 7724: 7715: 7714: 7696:Internet Archive 7675: 7673: 7671: 7666: 7623: 7604: 7577: 7568: 7540: 7538: 7537: 7528:. Archived from 7517: 7491: 7478: 7446: 7444: 7443: 7434:. Archived from 7419: 7389: 7367: 7351:The Gray Whale: 7341: 7321: 7320: 7318: 7316: 7301: 7295: 7294: 7292: 7277: 7268: 7262: 7261: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7182: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7163: 7139: 7133: 7127: 7121: 7115: 7109: 7103: 7097: 7096: 7068: 7062: 7061: 7059: 7058: 7049:. Archived from 7038: 7032: 7019: 7013: 7012: 6994: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6983: 6968: 6962: 6961: 6959: 6957: 6942: 6936: 6935: 6928: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6917: 6907: 6901: 6900: 6895:. Archived from 6884: 6878: 6872: 6866: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6836: 6825: 6810: 6804: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6769:Arne Odd Johnsen 6764: 6758: 6757: 6749: 6743: 6742: 6734: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6715: 6706:. Archived from 6696: 6690: 6669: 6663: 6652: 6646: 6640: 6634: 6633: 6628:. Archived from 6618: 6612: 6606: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6596: 6585: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6575: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6554: 6539: 6533: 6526: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6516: 6501: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6491: 6480: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6459: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6446: 6431: 6425: 6424: 6422: 6421: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6396: 6381:Itou K. (2015). 6378: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6356: 6350: 6349: 6347: 6323: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6313: 6293: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6283: 6268: 6262: 6261: 6259: 6258: 6243: 6237: 6224: 6218: 6217: 6215: 6214: 6199: 6193: 6187: 6178: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6163: 6157: 6156: 6154: 6153: 6137: 6131: 6117: 6111: 6108: 6102: 6089: 6080: 6079: 6077: 6076: 6061: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6041:. Archived from 6035: 6029: 6026: 6020: 6019: 6017: 6016: 6007:. Archived from 5997: 5991: 5973: 5964: 5950: 5944: 5930: 5924: 5913: 5907: 5906: 5878: 5872: 5871: 5839: 5833: 5832: 5830: 5829: 5814: 5805: 5787: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5750: 5741: 5728: 5722: 5715: 5709: 5705: 5699: 5698: 5686: 5680: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5655: 5646: 5645: 5630: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5616: 5611:on 24 April 2014 5607:. Archived from 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5576: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5566: 5549:Suitube (2012). 5546: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5522: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5507: 5501: 5495:. Archived from 5478: 5465: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5446: 5435: 5422: 5421: 5419: 5418: 5402: 5396: 5383: 5377: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5351: 5345: 5344: 5324: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5298: 5292: 5286: 5280: 5279: 5255: 5249: 5248: 5222: 5213: 5205: 5196: 5182: 5176: 5175: 5139: 5130: 5129: 5127: 5126: 5115: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5070: 5064: 5061: 5055: 5054: 5052: 5016: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4987: 4978: 4977: 4966: 4960: 4959: 4957: 4956: 4947:. Archived from 4936: 4930: 4917: 4911: 4910: 4908: 4902:. Archived from 4885: 4872: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4847: 4838: 4827: 4826: 4824: 4809: 4796: 4783: 4782: 4749:(7): 1510–1522. 4733: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4720: 4705: 4699: 4693: 4687: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4657: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4630: 4622: 4620: 4619: 4603: 4597: 4582: 4576: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4524:Biology Bulletin 4515: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4505: 4499: 4476: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4438: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4428: 4413: 4407: 4406: 4404: 4403: 4392: 4386: 4385: 4375: 4365: 4333: 4327: 4326: 4316: 4306: 4270: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4260: 4245: 4239: 4238: 4227: 4218: 4212: 4203: 4197: 4188: 4187: 4154:(7): 1510–1522. 4139: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4124: 4109: 4094: 4093: 4091: 4090: 4078: 4063: 4062: 4014: 4005: 4004: 3992: 3983: 3982: 3961: 3952: 3951: 3941: 3931: 3907: 3901: 3888: 3879: 3878: 3865:Macé M. (2003). 3862: 3856: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3836: 3830: 3824:. Archived from 3819: 3811: 3805: 3795: 3789: 3778: 3772: 3771: 3766:Rice DW (1998). 3763: 3757: 3756: 3754: 3753: 3743: 3737: 3736: 3734: 3732: 3706: 3689: 3688: 3686: 3680:. Archived from 3675: 3667: 3656: 3655: 3653: 3652: 3638: 3629: 3628: 3620: 3607: 3601: 3592: 3591: 3563: 3550: 3543: 3534: 3533: 3531: 3530: 3508: 3499: 3490: 3489: 3487: 3486: 3474: 3463: 3449: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3439: 3424: 3418: 3412: 3406: 3397: 3391: 3385: 3379: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3337: 3331: 3325: 3316: 3301: 3295: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3260: 3254: 3253: 3241: 3235: 3234: 3206: 3197: 3196: 3188: 3177: 3176: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3124: 3114: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3046: 3032: 3026: 3025: 3015: 2983:Science Advances 2973: 2967: 2966: 2956: 2915: 2909: 2908: 2898: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2857: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2816: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2737: 2731: 2718: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2708: 2693: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2683: 2671: 2665: 2664: 2662: 2661: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2585: 2584: 2569: 2558: 2548: 2542: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2530: 2529: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2499: 2469: 2460: 2459: 2447: 2441: 2440: 2404: 2380:Gray Whale Ranch 2350:Scammon's Lagoon 2170:Nantucket Island 2149:Korean Peninsula 2031:, under Captain 2003:Vancouver Island 1965:Hayama, Kanagawa 1916:Tokai University 1870:Oshika Peninsula 1601:Nemuro Peninsula 1490:Korean Peninsula 1449:Korean Peninsula 1239: 1184:polychaete worms 1115: 1114: 1110: 992:Franz Josef Land 882:Nantucket Island 674:E. mysticetoides 611:", a species of 553:John Edward Gray 507:E. akishimaensis 391: 383: 375: 367: 359: 337: 320: 300:E. robustus 207: 206: 186: 169: 164: 163: 140: 122: 112: 42: 38:Temporal range: 32: 31: 21: 10161: 10160: 10156: 10155: 10154: 10152: 10151: 10150: 10101: 10100: 10099: 10094: 10086: 10081: 10072: 10071: 10066: 10053: 10045: 10040: 10032: 10027: 10019: 10014: 10006: 10001: 9993: 9988: 9980: 9977:Observation.org 9975: 9967: 9962: 9954: 9949: 9941: 9936: 9928: 9923: 9915: 9910: 9902: 9897: 9889: 9884: 9876: 9871: 9863: 9858: 9850: 9845: 9837: 9832: 9824: 9819: 9811: 9806: 9798: 9796: 9788: 9783: 9775: 9770: 9762: 9757: 9749: 9744: 9735: 9734: 9729: 9720: 9719: 9714: 9701: 9691: 9679: 9669: 9667: 9655: 9643: 9631: 9621: 9619: 9611: 9609: 9592: 9568: 9544: 9430:M. densirostris 9390: 9389: 9387: 9377: 9353: 9325: 9324: 9322: 9312: 9265:(Beaked whales) 9264: 9263: 9261: 9249: 9212: 9166: 9129: 9074: 9028: 8991: 8967: 8916: 8901:N. phocaenoides 8888: 8887: 8885: 8869: 8868: 8866: 8854: 8830: 8793: 8747: 8746: 8744: 8734: 8710: 8704:S. longirostris 8686:S. coeruleoalba 8650: 8604: 8603: 8601: 8591: 8558: 8534: 8510: 8486: 8471:O. brevirostris 8453: 8425: 8424: 8422: 8412: 8404:Dusky dolphin ( 8343: 8319: 8295: 8267: 8266: 8264: 8254: 8230: 8206: 8162:Cephalorhynchus 8149: 8148: 8146: 8134: 8105: 8068: 8062:M. novaeangliae 8044: 8020: 7994:Omura's whale ( 7967:Bryde's whale ( 7918: 7917: 7915: 7913:Balaenopteridae 7903: 7866: 7865: 7863: 7853: 7845:Bowhead whale ( 7816: 7813:(Baleen whales) 7799: 7749: 7742: 7709:Wayback Machine 7688:The short film 7669: 7667: 7630: 7620: 7565: 7549: 7547:Further reading 7535: 7533: 7520: 7441: 7439: 7422: 7364: 7330: 7325: 7324: 7314: 7312: 7302: 7298: 7290: 7280:Aquatic Mammals 7275: 7269: 7265: 7246: 7242: 7203: 7199: 7184: 7183: 7179: 7140: 7136: 7128: 7124: 7116: 7112: 7104: 7100: 7069: 7065: 7056: 7054: 7039: 7035: 7029:Wayback Machine 7020: 7016: 7009: 6995: 6991: 6981: 6979: 6969: 6965: 6955: 6953: 6943: 6939: 6930: 6929: 6925: 6915: 6913: 6909: 6908: 6904: 6885: 6881: 6873: 6869: 6860: 6856: 6837: 6828: 6811: 6807: 6794: 6790: 6783: 6765: 6761: 6750: 6746: 6735: 6722: 6713: 6711: 6698: 6697: 6693: 6683:Wayback Machine 6670: 6666: 6653: 6649: 6641: 6637: 6620: 6619: 6615: 6607: 6603: 6594: 6592: 6587: 6586: 6582: 6573: 6571: 6566: 6565: 6561: 6552: 6550: 6541: 6540: 6536: 6527: 6523: 6514: 6512: 6503: 6502: 6498: 6489: 6487: 6482: 6481: 6477: 6468: 6466: 6461: 6460: 6453: 6444: 6442: 6433: 6432: 6428: 6419: 6417: 6407: 6403: 6394: 6392: 6379: 6375: 6365: 6363: 6358: 6357: 6353: 6324: 6320: 6311: 6309: 6294: 6290: 6281: 6279: 6270: 6269: 6265: 6256: 6254: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6236:. .beachland.jp 6234:Wayback Machine 6225: 6221: 6212: 6210: 6201: 6200: 6196: 6188: 6181: 6171: 6169: 6165: 6164: 6160: 6151: 6149: 6138: 6134: 6128:Wayback Machine 6118: 6114: 6109: 6105: 6099:Wayback Machine 6090: 6083: 6074: 6072: 6062: 6058: 6048: 6046: 6039:"海棲哺乳類情報データベース" 6037: 6036: 6032: 6027: 6023: 6014: 6012: 5999: 5998: 5994: 5988:Wayback Machine 5974: 5967: 5961:Wayback Machine 5951: 5947: 5941:Wayback Machine 5931: 5927: 5914: 5910: 5879: 5875: 5860:10.2307/1379584 5840: 5836: 5827: 5825: 5816: 5815: 5808: 5802:Wayback Machine 5788: 5784: 5751: 5744: 5738:Wayback Machine 5729: 5725: 5716: 5712: 5706: 5702: 5687: 5683: 5675: 5671: 5656: 5649: 5632: 5631: 5624: 5614: 5612: 5603: 5602: 5598: 5588: 5586: 5578: 5577: 5573: 5564: 5562: 5547: 5540: 5530: 5528: 5524: 5523: 5514: 5505: 5503: 5499: 5476: 5466: 5453: 5444: 5442: 5437: 5436: 5425: 5416: 5414: 5403: 5399: 5394:Wayback Machine 5384: 5380: 5375: 5371: 5352: 5348: 5341: 5325: 5321: 5312: 5310: 5299: 5295: 5287: 5283: 5276:10.1139/f62-051 5256: 5252: 5245: 5223: 5216: 5206: 5199: 5193:Wayback Machine 5183: 5179: 5152:Mar. Mammal Sci 5140: 5133: 5124: 5122: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5071: 5067: 5062: 5058: 5017: 5013: 5007: 5003: 4988: 4981: 4974:The Independent 4968: 4967: 4963: 4954: 4952: 4937: 4933: 4928:Wayback Machine 4918: 4914: 4906: 4883: 4873: 4864: 4856: 4845: 4839: 4830: 4822: 4807: 4797: 4786: 4734: 4727: 4718: 4716: 4706: 4702: 4694: 4690: 4680: 4678: 4668: 4664: 4655: 4653: 4645: 4644: 4640: 4624: 4623: 4617: 4615: 4604: 4600: 4583: 4579: 4573:Wayback Machine 4563: 4559: 4516: 4512: 4503: 4501: 4497: 4474: 4464: 4460: 4451: 4449: 4440: 4439: 4435: 4426: 4424: 4415: 4414: 4410: 4401: 4399: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4334: 4330: 4271: 4267: 4258: 4256: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4229: 4228: 4221: 4213: 4206: 4198: 4191: 4140: 4131: 4122: 4120: 4110: 4097: 4088: 4086: 4079: 4066: 4015: 4008: 3993: 3986: 3979: 3964:Macy O (1835). 3962: 3955: 3908: 3904: 3899:Wayback Machine 3889: 3882: 3863: 3859: 3847: 3843: 3834: 3832: 3828: 3817: 3813: 3812: 3808: 3796: 3792: 3779: 3775: 3764: 3760: 3751: 3749: 3745: 3744: 3740: 3730: 3728: 3707: 3692: 3684: 3673: 3669: 3668: 3659: 3650: 3648: 3640: 3639: 3632: 3621: 3610: 3602: 3595: 3576:Aquatic Mammals 3564: 3553: 3544: 3537: 3528: 3526: 3506: 3500: 3493: 3484: 3482: 3475: 3466: 3450: 3446: 3437: 3435: 3426: 3425: 3421: 3413: 3409: 3398: 3394: 3386: 3382: 3374: 3370: 3362: 3358: 3352:Lilljeborg 1861 3350: 3346: 3338: 3334: 3326: 3319: 3311:, p. 201; 3302: 3298: 3292:Balaena gibbosa 3290:, p. 610 ( 3286: 3282: 3272: 3270: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3242: 3238: 3223:10.2307/1382754 3207: 3200: 3189: 3180: 3165: 3161: 3146:"Rhachianectes" 3142: 3138: 3080: 3076: 3057: 3053: 3044: 3042: 3034: 3033: 3029: 2990:(4): eaap9873. 2974: 2970: 2916: 2912: 2875: 2871: 2834: 2830: 2777: 2773: 2738: 2734: 2728:Wayback Machine 2719: 2715: 2706: 2704: 2694: 2690: 2681: 2679: 2672: 2668: 2659: 2657: 2647: 2643: 2636: 2622: 2618: 2610: 2606: 2595: 2591: 2582: 2580: 2570: 2561: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2527: 2525: 2517: 2516: 2512: 2502: 2500: 2470: 2463: 2448: 2444: 2429: 2409:"Order Cetacea" 2405: 2398: 2393: 2371: 2354:Baja California 2338: 2286: 2273: 2248:under the U.S. 2182: 2165: 2128: 1995: 1979: 1974: 1914:and behind the 1831:Kuroshio, Kōchi 1759:in March, 2017. 1745: 1736:Seto Inland Sea 1724:Ōsumi Peninsula 1676:Babuyan Islands 1652:Hainan Province 1628:Fujian Province 1518:Sakhalin Island 1502:Sakhalin Island 1478: 1444:Seto Inland Sea 1423: 1421:Resident groups 1273: 1260: 1228: 1226: 1199:Sakhalin Island 1138: 1112: 1108: 1107: 1085: 1079: 1062: 956: 938: 826: 810:Sakhalin Island 787:Yachats, Oregon 768: 763: 754: 698: 601:Lilljeborg 1861 577: 523:Balaenopteridae 481: 471:, and even off 438:Balaenopteridae 357:Balaena gibbosa 328: 322: 316: 303: 201: 193: 176: 165: 161: 154: 113: 111: 110: 109: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 68: 63: 58: 53: 48: 40: 39: 36: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10159: 10149: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10133: 10128: 10126:Eschrichtiidae 10123: 10118: 10113: 10096: 10095: 10093: 10092: 10079: 10063: 10061: 10055: 10054: 10052: 10051: 10038: 10025: 10012: 9999: 9986: 9973: 9960: 9947: 9934: 9921: 9908: 9895: 9882: 9869: 9856: 9843: 9830: 9817: 9804: 9794: 9781: 9768: 9755: 9742: 9727: 9711: 9709: 9703: 9702: 9690: 9689: 9677: 9665: 9653: 9641: 9629: 9606: 9605: 9602: 9601: 9598: 9597: 9594: 9593: 9591: 9590: 9586:Z. cavirostris 9580: 9578: 9570: 9569: 9567: 9566: 9556: 9554: 9546: 9545: 9543: 9542: 9533: 9524: 9515: 9506: 9497: 9488: 9479: 9470: 9461: 9452: 9443: 9434: 9425: 9416: 9407: 9397: 9395: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9375: 9365: 9363: 9355: 9354: 9352: 9351: 9342: 9332: 9330: 9314: 9313: 9311: 9310: 9301: 9292: 9282: 9280: 9269: 9255: 9254: 9251: 9250: 9248: 9247: 9243:P. blainvillei 9237: 9235: 9224: 9218: 9217: 9214: 9213: 9211: 9210: 9201: 9191: 9189: 9178: 9172: 9171: 9168: 9167: 9165: 9164: 9154: 9152: 9141: 9135: 9134: 9131: 9130: 9128: 9127: 9123:I. geoffrensis 9118: 9114:I. boliviensis 9109: 9099: 9097: 9086: 9080: 9079: 9076: 9075: 9073: 9072: 9063: 9053: 9051: 9040: 9034: 9033: 9030: 9029: 9027: 9026: 9016: 9014: 9003: 8997: 8996: 8993: 8992: 8990: 8989: 8979: 8977: 8969: 8968: 8966: 8965: 8961:P. spinipinnis 8956: 8947: 8938: 8928: 8926: 8918: 8917: 8915: 8914: 8905: 8895: 8893: 8874: 8860: 8859: 8856: 8855: 8853: 8852: 8842: 8840: 8832: 8831: 8829: 8828: 8822:Beluga whale ( 8818: 8816: 8813:Delphinapterus 8805: 8799: 8798: 8795: 8794: 8792: 8791: 8782: 8773: 8764: 8754: 8752: 8736: 8735: 8733: 8732: 8728:S. bredanensis 8722: 8720: 8712: 8711: 8709: 8708: 8699: 8690: 8681: 8672: 8662: 8660: 8652: 8651: 8649: 8648: 8639: 8630: 8621: 8611: 8609: 8593: 8592: 8590: 8589: 8580: 8576:S. fluviatilis 8570: 8568: 8560: 8559: 8557: 8556: 8546: 8544: 8536: 8535: 8533: 8532: 8522: 8520: 8512: 8511: 8509: 8508: 8498: 8496: 8488: 8487: 8485: 8484: 8475: 8465: 8463: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8451: 8442: 8432: 8430: 8414: 8413: 8411: 8410: 8401: 8397:L. obliquidens 8392: 8383: 8374: 8365: 8361:L. albirostris 8355: 8353: 8350:Lagenorhynchus 8345: 8344: 8342: 8341: 8331: 8329: 8321: 8320: 8318: 8317: 8307: 8305: 8297: 8296: 8294: 8293: 8284: 8274: 8272: 8268:(Pilot whales) 8256: 8255: 8253: 8252: 8242: 8240: 8232: 8231: 8229: 8228: 8218: 8216: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8204: 8195: 8186: 8177: 8173:C. commersonii 8167: 8165: 8154: 8136: 8135: 8119: 8118: 8115: 8114: 8111: 8110: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8103: 8093: 8091: 8080: 8074: 8073: 8070: 8069: 8067: 8066: 8056: 8054: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8042: 8032: 8030: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8018: 8012:Rice's whale ( 8009: 8000: 7991: 7982: 7973: 7964: 7955: 7951:B. bonaerensis 7946: 7936: 7934: 7923: 7909: 7908: 7905: 7904: 7902: 7901: 7892: 7883: 7873: 7871: 7867:(Right whales) 7855: 7854: 7852: 7851: 7841: 7839: 7828: 7818: 7817: 7801: 7800: 7798: 7797: 7791: 7785: 7783:Laurasiatheria 7779: 7773: 7767: 7761: 7754: 7751: 7750: 7741: 7740: 7733: 7726: 7718: 7712: 7711: 7699: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7636: 7629: 7628:External links 7626: 7625: 7624: 7618: 7605: 7578: 7569: 7563: 7548: 7545: 7544: 7543: 7542: 7541: 7492: 7479: 7461:(in Swedish). 7453:Lilljeborg, W. 7449: 7448: 7447: 7390: 7372:Brisson, M. J. 7368: 7362: 7342: 7329: 7326: 7323: 7322: 7296: 7286:(3): 231–233. 7263: 7240: 7197: 7177: 7154:(4): 336–344. 7134: 7122: 7110: 7098: 7063: 7033: 7014: 7007: 7001:. Allen Lane. 6989: 6963: 6937: 6923: 6902: 6899:on 2011-11-25. 6879: 6867: 6854: 6826: 6805: 6788: 6781: 6759: 6744: 6720: 6691: 6664: 6647: 6635: 6613: 6601: 6580: 6559: 6534: 6521: 6496: 6475: 6451: 6426: 6401: 6373: 6351: 6332:Japan Cetology 6318: 6288: 6263: 6238: 6219: 6194: 6192:. kahaku.go.jp 6179: 6158: 6132: 6112: 6103: 6081: 6056: 6030: 6021: 5992: 5965: 5945: 5925: 5908: 5873: 5834: 5806: 5789:Uni Y. (2004) 5782: 5763:Japan Cetology 5742: 5723: 5710: 5700: 5681: 5669: 5647: 5644:on 2016-03-04. 5622: 5596: 5571: 5538: 5512: 5481:Japan Cetology 5451: 5423: 5397: 5378: 5369: 5346: 5339: 5319: 5293: 5281: 5270:(5): 815–838. 5250: 5243: 5214: 5197: 5177: 5158:(4): 1208–27. 5144:"Gray whales ( 5131: 5110: 5089:(2): 419–428. 5077:(April 2007). 5065: 5056: 5035:(22): L22S11. 5011: 5001: 4990:Kidd, Travis. 4979: 4961: 4931: 4912: 4909:on 2012-04-26. 4862: 4859:on 2012-04-26. 4828: 4784: 4725: 4700: 4688: 4662: 4638: 4598: 4577: 4557: 4530:(9): 797–800. 4510: 4458: 4433: 4408: 4387: 4328: 4265: 4240: 4219: 4204: 4189: 4129: 4095: 4064: 4006: 3984: 3977: 3953: 3902: 3880: 3857: 3841: 3806: 3790: 3786:Academic Press 3773: 3758: 3738: 3690: 3657: 3630: 3608: 3593: 3551: 3535: 3491: 3464: 3444: 3419: 3407: 3392: 3380: 3368: 3356: 3344: 3332: 3330:, pp. 4–5 3317: 3296: 3280: 3255: 3236: 3217:(3): 857–861. 3198: 3193:The Gray Whale 3178: 3159: 3136: 3074: 3059:Gray (1864). " 3051: 3027: 2968: 2931:(3): 479–501. 2910: 2869: 2848:(5): 960–970. 2828: 2791:(6): 573–585. 2771: 2732: 2713: 2688: 2666: 2641: 2634: 2616: 2604: 2589: 2559: 2543: 2534: 2510: 2461: 2442: 2427: 2395: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2370: 2367: 2337: 2334: 2291:climate change 2285: 2282: 2272: 2269: 2229:to prepare an 2181: 2178: 2164: 2163:North Atlantic 2161: 2144:Sea of Okhotsk 2127: 2124: 2053:Gulf of Alaska 2049:bowhead whales 2037:Cabo San Lucas 1994: 1991: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1969: 1968: 1957: 1946: 1939: 1923: 1920: 1899: 1896: 1885: 1845: 1838: 1835:Bryde's whales 1827: 1807:Primorsky Krai 1751:Gray whale at 1744: 1741: 1708:Island of Jeju 1688:Gulf of Tonkin 1672:Penghu Islands 1664:Gulf of Tonkin 1585:Rishiri Island 1545:Gulf of Wakasa 1510:Sea of Okhotsk 1477: 1474: 1422: 1419: 1326:whale watching 1272: 1269: 1259: 1256: 1222: 1137: 1134: 1130:conjoined twin 1078: 1075: 1061: 1058: 982:including the 955: 952: 937: 934: 825: 824:North Atlantic 822: 794:Sea of Okhotsk 767: 764: 762: 759: 753: 752:Pacific groups 750: 697: 694: 692:was proposed. 576: 573: 527:humpback whale 525:, such as the 521:of the family 503:Akishima whale 499:Eschrichtiidae 480: 477: 473:South Atlantic 465:North Atlantic 434:Eschrichtiidae 397: 396: 395: 394: 386: 378: 370: 362: 360:Erxleben, 1777 351: 350: 344: 343: 339: 338: 330: 329: 323: 312: 311: 305: 304: 297: 295: 291: 290: 283: 279: 278: 276:Eschrichtiidae 273: 269: 268: 263: 259: 258: 253: 249: 248: 243: 239: 238: 233: 229: 228: 223: 219: 218: 213: 209: 208: 195: 194: 181: 178: 177: 159: 156: 155: 150: 147: 146: 142: 141: 133: 132: 124: 123: 115: 114: 106: 105: 104: 99: 94: 89: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 49: 44: 37: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10158: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10108: 10106: 10089: 10084: 10080: 10075: 10069: 10065: 10064: 10062: 10060: 10056: 10048: 10043: 10039: 10035: 10030: 10026: 10022: 10017: 10013: 10009: 10004: 10000: 9996: 9991: 9987: 9983: 9978: 9974: 9970: 9965: 9961: 9957: 9952: 9948: 9944: 9939: 9935: 9931: 9926: 9922: 9918: 9913: 9909: 9905: 9900: 9896: 9892: 9887: 9883: 9879: 9874: 9870: 9866: 9861: 9857: 9853: 9848: 9844: 9840: 9835: 9831: 9827: 9822: 9818: 9814: 9809: 9805: 9801: 9795: 9791: 9786: 9782: 9778: 9773: 9769: 9765: 9760: 9756: 9752: 9747: 9743: 9738: 9732: 9728: 9723: 9717: 9713: 9712: 9710: 9708: 9704: 9700: 9695: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9676: 9666: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9652: 9647: 9642: 9640: 9635: 9630: 9628: 9618: 9617: 9614: 9589: 9587: 9582: 9581: 9579: 9577: 9576: 9571: 9565: 9563: 9558: 9557: 9555: 9553: 9552: 9547: 9541: 9539: 9534: 9532: 9530: 9529:M. stejnegeri 9525: 9523: 9521: 9520:M. peruvianus 9516: 9514: 9512: 9507: 9505: 9503: 9498: 9496: 9494: 9489: 9487: 9485: 9480: 9478: 9476: 9471: 9469: 9467: 9462: 9460: 9458: 9457:M. ginkgodens 9453: 9451: 9449: 9444: 9442: 9440: 9435: 9433: 9431: 9426: 9424: 9422: 9421:M. carlhubbsi 9417: 9415: 9413: 9408: 9406: 9404: 9399: 9398: 9396: 9386: 9385: 9380: 9374: 9372: 9367: 9366: 9364: 9362: 9361: 9356: 9350: 9348: 9347:H. planifrons 9343: 9341: 9339: 9338:H. ampullatus 9334: 9333: 9331: 9321: 9320: 9315: 9309: 9307: 9302: 9300: 9298: 9293: 9291: 9289: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9279: 9278: 9273: 9270: 9260: 9256: 9246: 9244: 9239: 9238: 9236: 9234: 9233: 9228: 9225: 9223: 9222:Pontoporiidae 9219: 9209: 9207: 9202: 9200: 9198: 9193: 9192: 9190: 9188: 9187: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9176:Platanistidae 9173: 9163: 9161: 9160:L. vexillifer 9156: 9155: 9153: 9151: 9150: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9136: 9126: 9124: 9119: 9117: 9115: 9110: 9108: 9106: 9101: 9100: 9098: 9096: 9095: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9081: 9071: 9069: 9064: 9062: 9060: 9055: 9054: 9052: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9041: 9039: 9035: 9025: 9023: 9020:Sperm whale ( 9018: 9017: 9015: 9013: 9012: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8998: 8988: 8986: 8981: 8980: 8978: 8976: 8975: 8970: 8964: 8962: 8957: 8955: 8953: 8948: 8946: 8944: 8939: 8937: 8935: 8930: 8929: 8927: 8925: 8924: 8919: 8913: 8911: 8906: 8904: 8902: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8884: 8883: 8878: 8875: 8865: 8861: 8851: 8849: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8839: 8838: 8833: 8827: 8825: 8820: 8819: 8817: 8815: 8814: 8809: 8806: 8804: 8800: 8790: 8788: 8783: 8781: 8779: 8774: 8772: 8770: 8765: 8763: 8761: 8756: 8755: 8753: 8743: 8742: 8737: 8731: 8729: 8724: 8723: 8721: 8719: 8718: 8713: 8707: 8705: 8700: 8698: 8696: 8691: 8689: 8687: 8682: 8680: 8678: 8673: 8671: 8669: 8664: 8663: 8661: 8659: 8658: 8653: 8647: 8645: 8640: 8638: 8636: 8635:S. sahulensis 8631: 8629: 8627: 8622: 8620: 8618: 8613: 8612: 8610: 8600: 8599: 8594: 8588: 8586: 8585:S. guianensis 8581: 8579: 8577: 8572: 8571: 8569: 8567: 8566: 8561: 8555: 8553: 8552:P. crassidens 8548: 8547: 8545: 8543: 8542: 8537: 8531: 8529: 8524: 8523: 8521: 8519: 8518: 8517:Peponocephala 8513: 8507: 8505: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8494: 8489: 8483: 8481: 8476: 8474: 8472: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8462: 8461: 8456: 8450: 8448: 8443: 8441: 8439: 8434: 8433: 8431: 8421: 8420: 8415: 8409: 8407: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8393: 8391: 8389: 8384: 8382: 8380: 8375: 8373: 8371: 8366: 8364: 8362: 8357: 8356: 8354: 8352: 8351: 8346: 8340: 8338: 8333: 8332: 8330: 8328: 8327: 8326:Lagenodelphis 8322: 8316: 8314: 8309: 8308: 8306: 8304: 8303: 8298: 8292: 8290: 8285: 8283: 8281: 8276: 8275: 8273: 8263: 8262: 8257: 8251: 8249: 8244: 8243: 8241: 8239: 8238: 8233: 8227: 8225: 8220: 8219: 8217: 8215: 8214: 8209: 8203: 8201: 8196: 8194: 8192: 8191:C. heavisidii 8187: 8185: 8183: 8178: 8176: 8174: 8169: 8168: 8166: 8164: 8163: 8158: 8155: 8145: 8141: 8137: 8133: 8124: 8120: 8102: 8100: 8095: 8094: 8092: 8090: 8089: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8078:Cetotheriidae 8075: 8065: 8063: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8052: 8047: 8041: 8039: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8028: 8023: 8017: 8015: 8010: 8008: 8006: 8001: 7999: 7997: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7983: 7981: 7979: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7965: 7963: 7961: 7956: 7954: 7952: 7947: 7945: 7943: 7938: 7937: 7935: 7933: 7932: 7927: 7924: 7914: 7910: 7900: 7898: 7893: 7891: 7889: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7875: 7874: 7872: 7862: 7861: 7856: 7850: 7848: 7847:B. mysticetus 7843: 7842: 7840: 7838: 7837: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7819: 7815: 7806: 7802: 7796: 7792: 7790: 7786: 7784: 7780: 7778: 7774: 7772: 7768: 7766: 7762: 7760: 7756: 7755: 7752: 7747: 7739: 7734: 7732: 7727: 7725: 7720: 7719: 7716: 7710: 7706: 7703: 7700: 7697: 7693: 7692: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7665: 7660: 7656: 7652: 7651: 7646: 7644: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7631: 7621: 7619:9780692225424 7615: 7611: 7606: 7602: 7598: 7594: 7590: 7586: 7585: 7579: 7575: 7570: 7566: 7564:9780123891808 7560: 7556: 7551: 7550: 7532:on 2021-08-21 7531: 7527: 7523: 7519: 7518: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7506: 7501: 7497: 7493: 7489: 7485: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7460: 7459: 7454: 7450: 7438:on 2022-08-18 7437: 7433: 7429: 7427: 7421: 7420: 7417: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7400: 7395: 7391: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7378: 7373: 7369: 7365: 7363:9780080923727 7359: 7355: 7352: 7348: 7343: 7339: 7338: 7332: 7331: 7311: 7307: 7300: 7289: 7285: 7281: 7274: 7267: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7244: 7236: 7232: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7216: 7212: 7208: 7201: 7193: 7192: 7187: 7181: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7153: 7149: 7145: 7138: 7132: 7126: 7120: 7114: 7108: 7102: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7078: 7074: 7067: 7053:on 2014-05-12 7052: 7048: 7044: 7037: 7030: 7026: 7023: 7018: 7010: 7004: 7000: 6993: 6978: 6974: 6967: 6952: 6951:New Scientist 6948: 6941: 6933: 6927: 6912: 6906: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6883: 6877: 6871: 6864: 6858: 6850: 6846: 6842: 6835: 6833: 6831: 6823: 6819: 6815: 6809: 6802: 6798: 6792: 6784: 6782:0-520-03973-4 6778: 6774: 6770: 6763: 6755: 6748: 6740: 6733: 6731: 6729: 6727: 6725: 6710:on 2018-12-15 6709: 6705: 6704:MarineBio.org 6701: 6695: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6677: 6673: 6668: 6661: 6657: 6651: 6644: 6643:東京湾でクジラの目撃相次ぐ 6639: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6617: 6610: 6605: 6590: 6584: 6569: 6563: 6548: 6544: 6538: 6531: 6525: 6510: 6506: 6500: 6485: 6479: 6464: 6458: 6456: 6440: 6436: 6430: 6416: 6412: 6405: 6391: 6390: 6389:Asahi Shimbun 6384: 6377: 6361: 6355: 6346: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6322: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6292: 6278:on 2017-06-27 6277: 6273: 6267: 6253:on 2017-06-27 6252: 6248: 6247:"伊勢湾でクジラ発見！！" 6242: 6235: 6231: 6228: 6223: 6209:on 2017-06-27 6208: 6204: 6198: 6191: 6186: 6184: 6168: 6162: 6147: 6143: 6136: 6129: 6125: 6122: 6116: 6107: 6100: 6096: 6093: 6088: 6086: 6071: 6067: 6060: 6044: 6040: 6034: 6025: 6011:on 2014-12-25 6010: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5989: 5985: 5982: 5978: 5972: 5970: 5962: 5958: 5955: 5949: 5942: 5938: 5935: 5929: 5922: 5920: 5912: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5884: 5877: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5845: 5838: 5824:on 2014-05-12 5823: 5819: 5813: 5811: 5803: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5786: 5777: 5772: 5769:(24): 11–14. 5768: 5764: 5760: 5758: 5749: 5747: 5739: 5735: 5732: 5727: 5720: 5714: 5704: 5696: 5692: 5685: 5679: 5673: 5665: 5661: 5654: 5652: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5629: 5627: 5610: 5606: 5605:"サービス終了のお知らせ" 5600: 5585: 5581: 5575: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5545: 5543: 5527: 5521: 5519: 5517: 5502:on 2016-03-04 5498: 5494: 5490: 5487:(20): 21–29. 5486: 5482: 5475: 5473: 5464: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5456: 5440: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5428: 5412: 5410: 5401: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5382: 5373: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5350: 5342: 5340:0-932653-47-2 5336: 5332: 5331: 5323: 5309:on 2009-02-12 5308: 5304: 5297: 5291: 5285: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5254: 5246: 5244:9780128043271 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5221: 5219: 5211: 5204: 5202: 5194: 5190: 5187: 5181: 5173: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5147: 5138: 5136: 5120: 5114: 5105: 5100: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5080: 5076: 5069: 5060: 5051: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5026: 5024: 5015: 5005: 4997: 4993: 4986: 4984: 4975: 4971: 4965: 4951:on 2018-02-03 4950: 4946: 4942: 4935: 4929: 4925: 4922: 4916: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4888:Mammal Review 4882: 4880: 4871: 4869: 4867: 4855: 4851: 4844: 4837: 4835: 4833: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4806: 4804: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4764: 4760: 4756: 4752: 4748: 4744: 4740: 4732: 4730: 4715: 4711: 4704: 4697: 4692: 4677: 4673: 4666: 4652: 4648: 4642: 4634: 4628: 4614:on 2010-05-11 4613: 4609: 4602: 4595: 4591: 4589: 4581: 4574: 4570: 4567: 4561: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4514: 4496: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4473: 4471: 4468:"Gray Whale ( 4462: 4448:on 2013-03-25 4447: 4443: 4437: 4423:on 2016-02-23 4422: 4418: 4412: 4397: 4391: 4383: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4332: 4324: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4289:(5): e35039. 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4269: 4254: 4250: 4244: 4236: 4232: 4226: 4224: 4217: 4211: 4209: 4202: 4196: 4194: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4084: 4077: 4075: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4013: 4011: 4002: 3998: 3991: 3989: 3980: 3978:1-4374-0223-2 3974: 3970: 3969: 3960: 3958: 3949: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3906: 3900: 3896: 3893: 3887: 3885: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3854: 3850: 3845: 3831:on 2011-04-25 3827: 3823: 3816: 3810: 3803: 3799: 3794: 3787: 3783: 3777: 3769: 3762: 3748: 3742: 3726: 3722: 3721: 3716: 3714: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3683: 3679: 3672: 3666: 3664: 3662: 3647: 3643: 3637: 3635: 3626: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3606: 3600: 3598: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3571: 3562: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3548: 3542: 3540: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3512: 3505: 3498: 3496: 3480: 3473: 3471: 3469: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3448: 3433: 3429: 3423: 3416: 3411: 3405: 3401: 3396: 3389: 3384: 3377: 3372: 3366:, p. 351 3365: 3360: 3353: 3348: 3342:, p. 258 3341: 3336: 3329: 3324: 3322: 3315:, p. 221 3314: 3310: 3309:Anderson 1746 3306: 3305:Erxleben 1777 3300: 3293: 3289: 3288:Erxleben 1777 3284: 3269: 3265: 3259: 3251: 3247: 3240: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3205: 3203: 3194: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3174: 3170: 3163: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3144:Cope (1869). 3140: 3132: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3097:(7): e21295. 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3078: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3055: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3023: 3019: 3014: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2984: 2979: 2972: 2964: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2914: 2906: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2865: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2832: 2824: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2775: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2729: 2725: 2722: 2717: 2703: 2699: 2692: 2677: 2670: 2656: 2652: 2645: 2637: 2631: 2627: 2620: 2613: 2608: 2601: 2600: 2593: 2579: 2575: 2568: 2566: 2564: 2556: 2554: 2547: 2538: 2524: 2520: 2514: 2498: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2484: 2479: 2477: 2468: 2466: 2457: 2453: 2446: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2420: 2419: 2414: 2413:Wilson, D. E. 2410: 2403: 2401: 2396: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2366: 2364: 2360: 2355: 2351: 2342: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2321: 2319: 2314: 2311: 2306: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2281: 2279: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2238:least concern 2234: 2232: 2228: 2225:required the 2223: 2219: 2214: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2199: 2191: 2186: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2160: 2158: 2153: 2150: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2123: 2121: 2118:anchored off 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2056: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2041:Crescent City 2038: 2034: 2030: 2025: 2023: 2022:Magdalena Bay 2019: 2018:United States 2015: 2010: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1987: 1983: 1977:North Pacific 1966: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1937: 1933: 1932:Itō, Shizuoka 1928: 1924: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1893:Shinano River 1890: 1886: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1844:in May, 2003. 1843: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1825: 1821: 1820: 1819: 1815: 1812: 1808: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1766: 1758: 1754: 1749: 1740: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1703: 1701: 1700:Taiwan Strait 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1660:Hainan Island 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1613:Suou-nada Sea 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1591:, such as at 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1512:, mainly off 1511: 1503: 1498: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1445: 1439: 1432: 1431:Nootka Island 1427: 1418: 1416: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1364:Sea of Cortez 1360: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1349:Magdalena Bay 1346: 1342: 1337: 1335: 1334:marine mammal 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1277: 1268: 1265: 1251: 1244: 1225: 1218: 1214: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1195: 1191: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1158: 1151: 1147: 1146:Santa Barbara 1142: 1133: 1131: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1104: 1102: 1093: 1089: 1084: 1071: 1066: 1057: 1055: 1054:Bering Strait 1051: 1047: 1041: 1039: 1034: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1015: 1013: 1008: 1006: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 972: 969: 960: 951: 949: 944: 933: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 885: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 854:Mediterranean 851: 848:and possibly 847: 846:Pamlico Sound 843: 839: 835: 831: 821: 819: 815: 811: 805: 803: 799: 795: 788: 783: 777: 772: 766:North Pacific 758: 749: 747: 743: 739: 734: 730: 721: 717: 713: 710: 702: 693: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 658: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 596: 591: 589: 585: 583: 572: 570: 565: 562: 558: 554: 550: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 496: 495: 485: 476: 474: 470: 469:Mediterranean 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 445: 443: 439: 435: 432: 428: 427: 423: 418: 414: 410: 409: 404: 390: 387: 382: 379: 374: 371: 366: 363: 358: 355: 354: 352: 349: 345: 340: 336: 331: 326: 321: 319: 313: 310: 309:Binomial name 306: 302: 301: 296: 293: 292: 289: 288: 284: 281: 280: 277: 274: 271: 270: 267: 264: 261: 260: 257: 254: 251: 250: 247: 244: 241: 240: 237: 234: 231: 230: 227: 224: 221: 220: 217: 214: 211: 210: 205: 200: 196: 190: 184: 179: 173: 168: 167:Least Concern 157: 153: 148: 143: 139: 134: 131:next to calf 130: 125: 121: 116: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 62: 57: 52: 47: 33: 30: 19: 10058: 9706: 9585: 9573: 9562:T. shepherdi 9561: 9549: 9538:M. traversii 9537: 9528: 9519: 9510: 9501: 9492: 9483: 9474: 9465: 9456: 9448:M. europaeus 9447: 9438: 9429: 9420: 9411: 9402: 9382: 9371:I. pacificus 9370: 9358: 9346: 9337: 9317: 9305: 9296: 9287: 9275: 9242: 9230: 9205: 9197:P. gangetica 9196: 9184: 9159: 9147: 9122: 9113: 9104: 9092: 9067: 9059:K. breviceps 9058: 9046: 9021: 9009: 9001:Physeteridae 8984: 8974:Phocoenoides 8972: 8960: 8951: 8942: 8934:P. dioptrica 8933: 8921: 8909: 8900: 8880: 8848:M. monoceros 8847: 8835: 8823: 8811: 8803:Monodontidae 8787:T. truncatus 8786: 8778:T. erebennus 8777: 8769:T. australis 8768: 8759: 8739: 8727: 8715: 8703: 8695:S. frontalis 8694: 8685: 8676: 8668:S. attenuata 8667: 8655: 8643: 8634: 8625: 8617:S. chinensis 8616: 8596: 8584: 8575: 8563: 8551: 8539: 8527: 8515: 8503: 8491: 8480:O. heinsohni 8479: 8470: 8458: 8446: 8437: 8419:Lissodelphis 8417: 8405: 8396: 8387: 8379:L. australis 8378: 8369: 8360: 8348: 8336: 8324: 8312: 8300: 8288: 8279: 8261:Globicephala 8259: 8248:F. attenuata 8247: 8235: 8223: 8211: 8199: 8190: 8181: 8172: 8160: 8099:C. marginata 8098: 8086: 8061: 8049: 8037: 8036:Gray whale ( 8035: 8027:Eschrichtius 8026: 8025: 8013: 8004: 7995: 7986: 7985:Blue whale ( 7977: 7968: 7959: 7950: 7941: 7931:Balaenoptera 7929: 7896: 7888:E. glacialis 7887: 7879:E. australis 7878: 7858: 7846: 7834: 7795:Whippomorpha 7789:Artiodactyla 7690: 7668:. 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Retrieved 2487: 2481: 2475: 2455: 2451: 2445: 2417: 2347: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2315: 2307: 2303: 2299:entanglement 2287: 2274: 2258: 2254: 2241: 2237: 2235: 2215: 2202: 2195: 2180:Conservation 2173: 2166: 2154: 2129: 2115: 2107: 2100:Coal Harbour 2096: 2084: 2079: 2075: 2072:A.M. Simpson 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2057: 2028: 2026: 2017: 2013: 2011: 1996: 1816: 1804: 1788: 1769: 1763:Even though 1762: 1704: 1682:and coastal 1621: 1607:, along the 1581:Rebun Island 1565:Ishikari Bay 1529:Sea of Japan 1526: 1507: 1440: 1436: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1368:Islas Marías 1361: 1338: 1306: 1296:of Mexico's 1282: 1261: 1243:Yaquina Head 1223: 1196: 1192: 1172:baleen whale 1168:ghost shrimp 1154: 1127: 1105: 1100: 1097: 1077:Reproduction 1060:Life history 1042: 1035: 1016: 1009: 976:Beaufort Sea 973: 965: 939: 901:Arctic Ocean 886: 842:Bay of Fundy 827: 806: 791: 755: 746:dorsal ridge 731:include its 726: 714: 706: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 659: 654: 650: 641: 636: 633:nomina dubia 621:Eschrichtius 620: 608: 598: 593: 580: 578: 568: 566: 560: 551: 543:minke whales 538: 530: 506: 494:Eschrichtius 492: 490: 455:(perhaps by 446: 426:Eschrichtius 424: 417:baleen whale 412: 407: 406: 402: 400: 388: 380: 372: 364: 356: 317: 315: 299: 298: 287:Eschrichtius 286: 262:Infraorder: 256:Artiodactyla 29: 10016:SeaLifeBase 9938:NatureServe 9860:iNaturalist 9731:Wikispecies 9675:Marine life 9493:M. layardii 9412:M. bowdoini 9360:Indopacetus 8943:P. phocoena 8882:Neophocoena 8870:(Porpoises) 8864:Phocoenidae 8438:L. borealis 8406:L. obscurus 8388:L. cruciger 8182:C. eutropia 8144:Delphinidae 8129:Odontoceti 8038:E. robustus 8005:B. physalus 8003:Fin whale ( 7987:B. musculus 7960:B. borealis 7958:Sei whale ( 7897:E. japonica 7781:Superorder 7775:Infraclass 7526:Fossilworks 7500:Gervais, P. 7432:Fossilworks 7171:10037/24936 6545:. YouTube. 5366:(1): 27–40. 4818:(4): 7–14. 4275:Palumbi, SR 3415:Bryant 1995 3340:Dudley 1725 2752:(1): 1–19. 2597:Gray Whale 2503:19 November 2295:acute noise 1997:Humans and 1956:on the 6th. 1936:Miyake-jima 1765:South Korea 1757:Izu Islands 1732:Hideo Omura 1692:Ha Long Bay 1680:Philippines 1646:Harbour on 1417:to Canada. 1415:Puget Sound 1345:San Ignacio 1330:ecotourists 1320:such as at 1160:crustaceans 1046:Pleistocene 862:Montpellier 774:Gray whale 761:Populations 696:Description 666:E. expansus 588:Dudley 1725 392:Maher, 1961 129:spy-hopping 127:Gray whale 10105:Categories 10074:Q122981806 9969:gray-whale 9551:Tasmacetus 9511:M. perrini 9484:M. hotaula 9475:M. hectori 9384:Mesoplodon 9319:Hyperoodon 9306:B. minimus 9297:B. bairdii 9288:B. arnuxii 9232:Pontoporia 9186:Platanista 8760:T. aduncus 8677:S. clymene 8644:S. teuszii 8626:S. plumbea 8528:P. electra 8447:L. peronii 8313:G. griseus 8224:D. delphis 8200:C. hectori 8127:Parvorder 7919:(Rorquals) 7826:Balaenidae 7811:Mysticeti 7809:Parvorder 7536:2021-12-17 7442:2021-12-17 7315:29 January 7079:(1): 295. 7057:2015-01-13 6714:2018-12-13 6595:2017-01-06 6574:2017-01-06 6553:2017-01-06 6515:2017-01-06 6490:2017-01-06 6469:2017-01-06 6445:2015-10-14 6420:2015-10-14 6395:2015-10-13 6312:2015-10-14 6282:2017-01-06 6257:2017-01-06 6213:2017-01-06 6152:2016-02-23 6146:SC/66a/BRG 6130:. iucn.org 6075:2014-05-18 6015:2014-11-24 5975:What's on 5828:2014-05-09 5795:の記録集成と通過海峡 5791:西部系群コククジラ 5565:2015-01-07 5506:2015-10-15 5445:2017-01-06 5417:2011-02-25 5313:2009-01-25 5125:2012-06-26 4955:2018-02-02 4719:2023-12-21 4656:2007-09-14 4618:2012-06-26 4504:2010-07-15 4452:2011-02-25 4427:2016-01-17 4402:2011-02-25 4259:2024-03-06 4123:2019-10-28 4089:2019-10-28 4003:: 161–188. 3997:Temminckia 3877:: 153–164. 3835:2014-07-05 3752:2018-11-25 3678:IWC Office 3651:2018-11-25 3582:(3): 327. 3529:2015-01-16 3485:2021-08-21 3461:0789477645 3438:2017-02-13 3175:: 269–286. 3071:(14): 350. 3045:2021-08-20 2707:2024-03-27 2682:2024-03-27 2660:2024-03-27 2612:Gray Whale 2583:2020-06-29 2528:2022-01-14 2391:References 2278:repopulate 2222:Washington 2120:Point Dume 2116:California 2108:California 2080:Ocean Bird 2068:Ocean Bird 1919:locations. 1904:Kōzu-shima 1857:Cape Irago 1849:Mikawa Bay 1842:Suruga Bay 1824:Izu Ōshima 1696:Quang Ninh 1686:waters in 1684:Vietnamese 1537:Genkai Sea 1514:Piltun Bay 1469:Teradomari 1457:Izu Ōshima 1150:California 1081:See also: 1012:Walvis Bay 980:Laptev Sea 941:2007. The 850:Hudson Bay 834:Wadden Sea 830:Baltic Sea 818:endangered 738:dorsal fin 729:mysticetes 670:E. priscus 605:Baltic Sea 453:extirpated 449:endangered 413:grey whale 403:gray whale 389:E. glaucus 376:Cope, 1869 368:Cope, 1868 325:Lilljeborg 185:Appendix I 35:Gray whale 18:Grey whale 9627:Cetaceans 9403:M. bidens 9277:Berardius 9259:Ziphiidae 9139:Lipotidae 8950:Vaquita ( 8846:Narwhal ( 8824:D. leucas 8541:Pseudorca 8370:L. acutus 8213:Delphinus 8051:Megaptera 7996:B. omurai 7969:B. brydei 7860:Eubalaena 7793:Suborder 7601:643483454 7593:0027-9358 7475:670223335 7416:23666710M 6982:22 August 6956:22 August 6338:: 15–22. 6203:"footage" 5903:131250469 5889:(2): 82. 5848:J. Mammal 4059:186208376 3851:. 2016. 3364:Gray 1864 3273:March 18, 2945:1063-5157 2766:134494152 2523:cites.org 2336:Captivity 2220:tribe of 2174:sandlægja 2157:Kamchatka 1961:Tokyo Bay 1878:Tomakomai 1792:Bohai Sea 1786:in 2015. 1772:Bangeojin 1753:Aogashima 1718:, or the 1636:Hong Kong 1632:Guangdong 1617:Ōmura Bay 1611:, in the 1605:Mutsu Bay 1589:Shiretoko 1547:, and in 1322:Morro bay 1318:San Diego 1258:Migration 1211:cumaceans 1203:amphipods 1164:amphipods 1162:(such as 1007:, Spain. 1005:Barcelona 1000:Cape Horn 905:subfossil 776:breaching 709:parasites 617:Gray 1864 535:fin whale 475:coasts. 294:Species: 222:Kingdom: 216:Eukaryota 10068:Wikidata 10029:Species+ 9943:2.104316 9930:14300030 9878:11414745 9813:46559449 9716:Wikidata 9575:Ziphius 9502:M. mirus 9466:M. grayi 9206:P. minor 9068:K. simus 9038:Kogiidae 9011:Physeter 8985:P. dalli 8952:P. sinus 8923:Phocoena 8741:Tursiops 8657:Stenella 8574:Tucuxi ( 8460:Orcaella 8337:L. hosei 8289:G. melas 8014:B. ricei 7978:B. edeni 7777:Eutheria 7771:Mammalia 7765:Chordata 7759:Animalia 7757:Kingdom 7705:Archived 7502:(1868). 7455:(1861). 7408:22224991 7396:(1777). 7386:13184910 7374:(1762). 7288:Archived 7235:21252323 7025:Archived 6977:BBC News 6771:(1982). 6679:Archived 6674:. 2017. 6672:みんなのニュース 6626:伊豆新聞デジタル 6547:Archived 6509:Archived 6306:Archived 6230:Archived 6148:(Report) 6124:Archived 6095:Archived 5984:Archived 5957:Archived 5937:Archived 5798:Archived 5734:Archived 5559:Archived 5390:Archived 5189:Archived 5009:513–522. 4924:Archived 4820:Archived 4779:17313811 4771:25753251 4676:BBC News 4627:cite web 4569:Archived 4552:18169458 4495:Archived 4382:17848511 4323:22590499 4283:PLOS ONE 4184:17313811 4176:25753251 3948:30051821 3922:(1882). 3895:Archived 3481:(Report) 3131:21754984 3091:PLOS ONE 3022:29632892 2963:31633766 2905:15805012 2823:20525610 2805:25677547 2724:Archived 2437:62265494 2369:See also 2318:Hokkaido 2205:Chukotka 2016:and the 2014:Hibernia 2005:and the 1927:Tateyama 1908:Nii-Jima 1882:Hokkaido 1866:Wakayama 1784:Samcheok 1716:Shanghai 1640:Daya Bay 1624:Zhejiang 1593:Shibetsu 1579:such as 1557:Hokkaido 1549:Tsushima 1406:whales. 1314:Monterey 1245:, Oregon 1174:and has 1101:in utero 1050:Holocene 519:rorquals 487:Skeleton 479:Taxonomy 348:Synonyms 272:Family: 246:Mammalia 236:Chordata 232:Phylum: 226:Animalia 212:Domain: 172:IUCN 3.1 10088:2440705 9917:1006404 9852:2440704 9722:Q179154 9663:Biology 9651:Animals 9639:Mammals 9613:Portals 9439:M. eueu 9158:Baiji ( 9149:Lipotes 9084:Iniidae 8837:Monodon 8565:Sotalia 8504:O. orca 8493:Orcinus 8302:Grampus 8088:Caperea 7836:Balaena 7763:Phylum 7748:species 7746:Cetacea 7744:Extant 7670:2 April 7328:Sources 7215:Bibcode 7207:Science 7191:YouTube 7081:Bibcode 6660:YouTube 6439:YouTube 6302:YouTube 5868:1379584 5555:YouTube 5160:Bibcode 5091:Bibcode 5037:Bibcode 4751:Bibcode 4532:Bibcode 4373:1975855 4350:Bibcode 4314:3348926 4291:Bibcode 4156:Bibcode 4031:Bibcode 3939:6053924 3871:Lattara 3525:: 73–88 3523:J-STAGE 3231:1382754 3122:3130736 3099:Bibcode 3013:5884691 2992:Bibcode 2954:7164366 2864:8412655 2814:2777972 2702:Reuters 2655:AP News 2284:Threats 2140:Shikoku 2051:in the 2029:Leonore 1972:Whaling 1943:Wadaura 1868:, off 1796:Pingtan 1712:Haiyang 1656:Guangxi 1461:Ise Bay 1396:Sinaloa 1392:Yavaros 1388:Tojahui 1380:Jalisco 1376:Nayarit 1294:lagoons 1290:Chukchi 1207:isopods 1188:herring 1157:benthic 1136:Feeding 1111:⁄ 1092:Embryos 1027:Algeria 1023:Morocco 986:in the 918:Algeria 914:Morocco 897:Namibia 858:Lattara 629:Antwerp 613:rorqual 584:gibbosa 582:Balaena 457:whaling 442:Neogene 415:, is a 282:Genus: 266:Cetacea 252:Order: 242:Class: 187: ( 170: ( 107:↓ 10047:137112 9995:137112 9891:180521 9826:ESHRRO 9797:ECOS: 9759:ARKive 9687:Oceans 8237:Feresa 7787:Order 7769:Class 7616: 7599: 7591: 7561: 7473: 7414: 7406: 7384: 7360: 7233: 7045:. The 7005: 6916:14 May 6820: 6779: 6685:. The 6441:. 2015 6366:14 May 6172:14 May 6049:14 May 5977:Xiamen 5952:2012. 5932:2014. 5923:. IUCN 5901: 5866: 5697:: l–9. 5615:14 May 5589:14 May 5531:14 May 5337: 5241: 4777: 4769: 4681:8 June 4550: 4479:Arctic 4380: 4370: 4321: 4311: 4182: 4174: 4085:. WNYC 4057: 4051:103782 4049: 3975: 3946: 3936: 3731:2 June 3459: 3229: 3129: 3119: 3020: 3010: 2961: 2951: 2943: 2903: 2862: 2821: 2811: 2803: 2764: 2632: 2458:: 50A. 2435: 2425: 2210:Soviet 2132:Nagato 2060:Boston 1874:Tōhoku 1853:Tahara 1668:Taiwan 1644:Wailou 1615:, and 1595:, the 1571:, the 1561:Teshio 1533:Kyushu 1394:) and 1384:Sonora 1374:, and 1310:mammal 1286:Bering 1180:mysids 1176:baleen 1119:sharks 893:Israel 840:, the 836:, the 832:, the 798:Alaska 742:flukes 733:baleen 595:split. 545:. 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