Greek alphabet - Knowledge

9611: 4402: 15853:"Visually, the letters bear a close resemblance to Greek letters. Decipherment was initially attempted on the assumption that those letters which looked like Greek represented the same sounds as their closest visual Greek equivalents. However it has since been established that the phonetic values of the two scripts are very different. For example the theta θ symbol represents 'th' in Greek but 'q' in Carian. Carian was generally written from left to right, although Egyptian writers wrote primarily from right to left. It was written without spaces between words." 95: 6580: 8191: 8128: 8008: 7648: 8068: 4228: 8962: 8890: 8361: 8245: 7524: 10953: 313: 4219: 10418: 10238: 9878: 10404: 10224: 9864: 10094: 10080: 10562: 10346: 10058: 9986: 9842: 9806: 9734: 10548: 10332: 10044: 9972: 9857: 9828: 9792: 9785: 9720: 6917: 6910: 6896: 6690: 5538: 5483: 5389: 10022: 9914: 9770: 24395: 10411: 10397: 10231: 10008: 9900: 9871: 9756: 7035: 6706: 6379: 810: 10526: 10490: 10454: 10382: 10310: 9950: 9596: 10512: 10476: 10368: 10296: 10087: 9965: 9936: 6941: 5685: 10274: 10202: 10166: 10130: 5021: 24405: 10555: 10541: 10505: 10339: 10325: 10260: 10188: 10152: 10116: 10051: 10037: 9979: 9893: 9835: 9799: 9727: 7148: 7117: 7080: 7021: 7007: 6955: 6924: 6499: 6474: 6281: 6183: 5787: 5589: 10582: 5077: 10440: 10289: 10015: 10001: 9929: 9907: 9763: 7073: 7014: 6948: 6931: 6818: 6797: 6741: 6416: 6234: 5966: 5813: 5732: 5630: 5415: 24415: 10519: 10483: 10469: 10447: 10375: 10361: 10303: 10253: 10217: 10181: 9943: 7135: 7110: 7098: 7066: 7028: 6993: 6986: 6762: 6734: 6720: 6445: 6328: 6085: 6030: 5987: 5568: 5368: 5266: 10267: 10195: 10159: 10123: 10073: 6962: 6846: 6839: 6825: 6790: 6783: 6776: 6769: 6727: 6162: 6111: 6009: 5834: 5766: 5711: 5664: 5609: 5321: 9821: 9713: 7395: 6903: 6882: 6867: 6860: 6853: 6811: 6804: 6755: 6354: 6307: 6260: 6213: 5907: 5860: 5517: 5436: 5287: 43: 9749: 6889: 6832: 6748: 6064: 5462: 5342: 10594: 10433: 7000: 6132: 10145: 10109: 6976: 6969: 5928: 5881: 15892:"During the Iron ages, with a brand new political balance and cultural scenario, the cultures and languages of Anatolia maintained their position of a bridge between the Aegean and the Syro-Mesopotamian worlds, while the North-West Semitic cultures of the Phoenicians and of the Aramaeans also entered the scene. Assuming the 4th century and the 9670:, western printers adopted the minuscule letter forms as lowercase printed typefaces, while modeling uppercase letters on the ancient inscriptional forms. The orthographic practice of using the letter case distinction for marking proper names, titles, etc. developed in parallel to the practice in Latin and other western languages. 12305:. Formerly, most Coptic letters shared codepoints with similar-looking Greek letters; but in many scholarly works, both scripts occur, with quite different letter shapes, so as of Unicode 4.1, Coptic and Greek were disunified. Those Coptic letters with no Greek equivalents still remain in this block (U+03E2 to U+03EF). 7424:. Because of Eucleides's role in suggesting the idea to adopt the Ionian alphabet, the standard twenty-four-letter Greek alphabet is sometimes known as the "Eucleidean alphabet". Roughly thirty years later, the Eucleidean alphabet was adopted in Boeotia and it may have been adopted a few years previously in 11169:(IPA). Several of them denote fricative consonants; the rest stand for variants of vowel sounds. The glyph shapes used for these letters in specialized phonetic fonts is sometimes slightly different from the conventional shapes in Greek typography proper, with glyphs typically being more upright and using 16261:

For chi and beta, separate codepoints for use in a Latin-script environment were added in Unicode versions 7.0 (2014) and 8.0 (2015) respectively: U+AB53 "Latin small letter chi" (ꭓ) and U+A7B5 "Latin small letter beta" (ꞵ). As of 2017, the International Phonetic Association still lists the original

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Different chapters within the same fraternity are almost always (with a handful of exceptions) designated using Greek letters as serial numbers. The founding chapter of each organization is its A chapter. As an organization expands, it establishes a B chapter, a Γ chapter, and so on and so forth. In

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The Greek names of the following letters are more or less straightforward continuations of their Phoenician antecedents. Between Ancient and Modern Greek, they have remained largely unchanged, except that their pronunciation has followed regular sound changes along with other words (for instance, in

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Among the vowel symbols, Modern Greek sound values reflect the radical simplification of the vowel system of post-classical Greek, merging multiple formerly distinct vowel phonemes into a much smaller number. This leads to several groups of vowel letters denoting identical sounds today. Modern Greek

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Greek letters were also used to write numbers. In the classical Ionian system, the first nine letters of the alphabet stood for the numbers from 1 to 9, the next nine letters stood for the multiples of 10, from 10 to 90, and the next nine letters stood for the multiples of 100, from 100 to 900. For

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When the Greeks adopted the Phoenician alphabet, they took over not only the letter shapes and sound values but also the names by which the sequence of the alphabet could be recited and memorized. In Phoenician, each letter name was a word that began with the sound represented by that letter; thus

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of the Greek alphabet, which differed in the use and non-use of the additional vowel and consonant symbols and several other features. Epichoric alphabets are commonly divided into four major types according to their different treatments of additional consonant letters for the aspirated consonants

5049:. This writing system, unrelated to the Greek alphabet, last appeared in the thirteenth century BC. In the late ninth century BC or early eighth century BC, the Greek alphabet emerged. The period between the use of the two writing systems, during which no Greek texts are attested, is known as the 12174:

has at least three stylistic variants of its capital form. The standard is the "open omega" (Ω), resembling an open partial circle with the opening downward and the ends curled outward. The two other stylistic variants are seen more often in modern typography, resembling a raised and underscored

15825:: "The Carian alphabet resembles the Greek alphabet, though, as in the case of Phrygian, no single Greek variant can be identified as its ancestor", "It is generally assumed that the Lydian alphabet is derived from the Greek alphabet, but the exact relationship remains unclear (Melchert 2004)" 9622:

Like Latin and other alphabetic scripts, Greek originally had only a single form of each letter, without a distinction between uppercase and lowercase. This distinction is an innovation of the modern era, drawing on different lines of development of the letter shapes in earlier handwriting.

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On the other hand, the following phonetic letters have Unicode representations separate from their Greek alphabetic use, either because their conventional typographic shape is too different from the original, or because they also have secondary uses as regular alphabetic characters in some

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orthography remains true to the historical spellings in most of these cases. As a consequence, the spellings of words in Modern Greek are often not predictable from the pronunciation alone, while the reverse mapping, from spelling to pronunciation, is usually regular and predictable.

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Apart from the daughter alphabets listed above, which were adapted from Greek but developed into separate writing systems, the Greek alphabet has also been adopted at various times and in various places to write other languages. For some of them, additional letters were introduced.

11173:, to make them conform more with the typographical character of other, Latin-based letters in the phonetic alphabet. Nevertheless, in the Unicode encoding standard, the following three phonetic symbols are considered the same characters as the corresponding Greek letters proper: 11916:), which means "Love of wisdom, the guide of life" and serves as the organization's motto. Sometimes early fraternal organizations were known by their Greek letter names because the mottos that these names stood for were secret and revealed only to members of the fraternity. 17636: 8424:

In the cases of the three historical sibilant letters below, the correspondence between Phoenician and Ancient Greek is less clear, with apparent mismatches both in letter names and sound values. The early history of these letters (and the fourth sibilant letter, obsolete

11490:, for 900. This system has remained in use in Greek up to the present day, although today it is only employed for limited purposes such as enumerating chapters in a book, similar to the way Roman numerals are used in English. The three extra symbols are today written as 9630:

forms. Besides the upright, straight inscriptional forms (capitals) found in stone carvings or incised pottery, more fluent writing styles adapted for handwriting on soft materials were also developed during antiquity. Such handwriting has been preserved especially from

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There are many different methods of rendering Greek text or Greek names in the Latin script. The form in which classical Greek names are conventionally rendered in English goes back to the way Greek loanwords were incorporated into Latin in antiquity. In this system,

5061:, calling it Φοινικήια γράμματα 'Phoenician letters'. However, the Phoenician alphabet is limited to consonants. When it was adopted for writing Greek, certain consonants were adapted to express vowels. The use of both vowels and consonants makes Greek the first 4679:

Transcription conventions for Modern Greek differ widely, depending on their purpose, on how close they stay to the conventional letter correspondences of Ancient Greek-based transcription systems, and to what degree they attempt either an exact letter-by-letter

6565:, literally "ox-turning", after the manner of an ox ploughing a field) was common, until in the classical period the left-to-right writing direction became the norm. Individual letter shapes were mirrored depending on the writing direction of the current line. 4460:, i.e. simply "accent"), marking the stressed syllable of polysyllabic words, and occasionally the diaeresis to distinguish diphthongal from digraph readings in pairs of vowel letters, making this monotonic system very similar to the accent mark system used in 15867:"The Carian alphabet appears in about 100 pieces of graffiti inscriptions left by Carian mercenaries who served in Egypt. A number of clay tablets, coins and monumental inscriptions have also been found. It was possibly derived from the Phoenician alphabet." 11920:

an organization that expands to more than 24 chapters, the chapter after Ω chapter is AA chapter, followed by AB chapter, etc. Each of these is still a "chapter Letter", albeit a double-digit letter just as 10 through 99 are double-digit numbers. The

6592:(/pʰ, kʰ/) and consonant clusters (/ks, ps/) of Greek. These four types are often conventionally labelled as "green", "red", "light blue" and "dark blue" types, based on a colour-coded map in a seminal 19th-century work on the topic, 12223:

For the range A0–FF (hex), it follows the Unicode range 370–3CF (see below) except that some symbols, like ©, ½, § etc. are used where Unicode has unused locations. Like all ISO-8859 encodings, it is equal to ASCII for 00–7F (hex).

1222:. For a number of letters, sound values differ considerably between Ancient and Modern Greek, because their pronunciation has followed a set of systematic phonological shifts that affected the language in its post-classical stages. 6558:

Greek was originally written predominantly from right to left, just like Phoenician, but scribes could freely alternate between directions. For a time, a writing style with alternating right-to-left and left-to-right lines (called

15998: 4323:, and thus the three signs have not corresponded to a phonological distinction in actual speech ever since. In addition to the accent marks, every word-initial vowel must carry either of two so-called "breathing marks": the 14867:

originally could denote both short and long vowels in pre-classical archaic Greek spelling, just like other vowel letters. They were restricted to the function of short vowel signs in classical Greek, as the long vowels

12064:(ρ) can occur in different stylistic variants, with the descending tail either going straight down or curled to the right. The symbol ϱ (U+03F1) is designated specifically for the curled form, used as a technical symbol. 1217:

In both Ancient and Modern Greek, the letters of the Greek alphabet have fairly stable and consistent symbol-to-sound mappings, making pronunciation of words largely predictable. Ancient Greek spelling was generally

7517:). In the tables below, the Greek names of all letters are given in their traditional polytonic spelling; in modern practice, like with all other words, they are usually spelled in the simplified monotonic system. 15900:, the correct perspective of a contact-oriented study of the Ancient Anatolian world needs to take as an object a large net of cultures that evolved and changed over almost 16 centuries of documentary history." 4464:. The polytonic system is still conventionally used for writing Ancient Greek, while in some book printing and generally in the usage of conservative writers it can still also be found in use for Modern Greek. 7542: 14970:

2 The Greek Letters, alpha, beta, gimmel have no meaning in Greek but the meaning of most of their Semitic equivalents is known. For example, 'aleph' means 'ox', 'bet' means 'house' and 'gimmel' means 'throw

4456:. In 1982, a new, simplified orthography, known as "monotonic", was adopted for official use in Modern Greek by the Greek state. It uses only a single accent mark, the acute (also known in this context as 16172: 15839:"The Lycian alphabet is clearly related to the Greek, but the exact nature of the relationship is uncertain. Several letters appear to be related to symbols of the Cretan and Cyprian writing systems." 8192: 8129: 8009: 7649: 8069: 4452:

in Alexandria during the third century BC. Aristophanes of Byzantium also was the first to divide poems into lines, rather than writing them like prose, and also introduced a series of signs for

10718:. The Lydian and Carian alphabets are generally believed to derive from the Greek alphabet, although it is not clear which variant is the direct ancestor. While some of these alphabets such as 8963: 8891: 8362: 3201:

morpheme, e.g. "δυςκατανοήτων", marking the morpheme boundary between "δυς-κατανοήτων" ("difficult to understand"); modern standard practice is to spell "δυσκατανοήτων" with a non-final sigma.

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The "green" (or southern) type is the most archaic and closest to the Phoenician. The "red" (or western) type is the one that was later transmitted to the West and became the ancestor of the

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used a local form of the "light blue" alphabet type until the end of the fifth century BC, which lacked the letters Ξ and Ψ as well as the vowel symbols Η and Ω. In the Old Attic alphabet,

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Modern Greek speakers typically use the same, modern symbol–sound mappings in reading Greek of all historical stages. In other countries, students of Ancient Greek may use a variety of

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of the northeast Balkans spoken by Orthodox Christians, was apparently written in Greek characters in the late 19th century. In 1957, it was standardized on Cyrillic, and in 1996, a

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Ancient Greek Scholarship: A Guide to Finding, Reading, and Understanding Scholia, Commentaries, Lexica, and Grammatical Treatises, from Their Beginnings to the Byzantine Period

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circle (roughly ), where the underscore may or may not be touching the circle on a tangent (in the former case it resembles a superscript omicron similar to that found in the

12012: 8978:. Their modern names contain adjectival qualifiers that were added during the Byzantine period, to distinguish between letters that had become confusable. Thus, the letters 11990: 10842:

legend written in Greek or pseudo-Greek letters. The subsequent rulers' coins had the Greek script degrade to a mere ornament that no longer represented any legible legend.

7541: 4351:), marking its absence. The letter rho (ρ), although not a vowel, also carries rough breathing in a word-initial position. If a rho was geminated within a word, the first 12051: 6607:, and bears some crucial features characteristic of that later development. The "blue" (or eastern) type is the one from which the later standard Greek alphabet emerged. 11074: 1177: 796: 12110: 9662:

In the ninth and tenth century, uncial book hands were replaced with a new, more compact writing style, with letter forms partly adapted from the earlier cursive. This

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are named with combinations of Greek letters, and are hence also known as "Greek letter organizations". This naming tradition was initiated by the foundation of the

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has a similar extended form with such double-digit letters when necessary, but it is used for columns in a table or chart rather than chapters of an organization.

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1 According to Herodutous "the Phoenicians who came with Cadmus... brought into Hellas the alphabet, which had hitherto been unknown, as I think, to the Greeks."

6673:. Some variant local letter forms were also characteristic of Athenian writing, some of which were shared with the neighboring (but otherwise "red") alphabet of 9614:

Theocritus Idyll 1, lines 12–14, in script with abbreviations and ligatures from a caption in an illustrated edition of Theocritus. Lodewijk Caspar Valckenaer:

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sound, and so on. When the letters were adopted by the Greeks, most of the Phoenician names were maintained or modified slightly to fit Greek phonology; thus,

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Apart from its use in writing the Greek language, in both its ancient and its modern forms, the Greek alphabet today also serves as a source of international

16150: 4693: 7428:. By the end of the fourth century BC, it had displaced local alphabets across the Greek-speaking world to become the standard form of the Greek alphabet. 14963: 11149:. In most constellations, the brightest star is designated Alpha and the next brightest Beta etc. For example, the brightest star in the constellation of 11469:

this purpose, in addition to the 24 letters which by that time made up the standard alphabet, three otherwise obsolete letters were retained or revived:

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in Ancient Greek. By the time their use became conventional and obligatory in Greek writing, in late antiquity, pitch accent was evolving into a single

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handwriting. While their use in normal typography of Greek is purely a matter of font styles, some such variants have been given separate encodings in

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usage because the pronunciation of Greek has changed significantly between the 5th century BC and today. Modern and Ancient Greek also use different

14966:(2009), Quote: "Naveh gives four major reasons why it is universally agreed that the Greek alphabet was developed from an early Phoenician alphabet. 18625: 18615: 18190: 16224: 840: 16600: 21542: 18605: 18595: 18185: 18180: 18175: 16475:

The Local Scripts of Archaic Greece: A Study of the Origin of the Greek Alphabet and Its Development from the Eighth to the Fifth Centuries B. C.

8429:) has been a matter of some debate. Here too, the changes in the pronunciation of the letter names between Ancient and Modern Greek are regular. 16108:: "Es interesante el hecho que en Bulgaria se imprimieron unas pocas publicaciones en alfabeto cirílico búlgaro y en Grecia en alfabeto griego." 16737: 16727:

Stevenson, Jane (2007). "Translation and the spread of the Greek and Latin alphabets in Late Antiquity". In Harald Kittel; et al. (eds.).

15517: 4685: 12183:; in the latter, it closely resembles some forms of the Latin letter Q). The open omega is always used in symbolic settings and is encoded in 7416:, the Athenian Assembly formally abandoned the Old Attic alphabet and adopted the Ionian alphabet as part of the democratic reforms after the 20321: 18610: 14466: 14390: 14370: 14365: 14308: 14294: 14289: 14229: 14147: 12701: 12534: 17575: 11893: 3721:

Several letter combinations have special conventional sound values different from those of their single components. Among them are several

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of the virus would be named using letters of the Greek alphabet to avoid stigma and simplify communications for non-scientific audiences.

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has a form resembling a cursive capital letter D; while not encoded as its own form, this form is included as part of the symbol for the

23142: 17407: 3710: 3082:) respectively. These are not the sounds they made in classical Attic Greek. In classical Attic Greek, these three letters were always 1206: 20353: 12269:

and various other specialized requirements. Most current text rendering engines do not render diacritics well, so, though alpha with

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are pronounced , and in Modern Greek. In some environments, they are devoiced to , and . The Modern Greek consonant combinations

17646: 17012: 16390: 12167:(a curled shape open at the top). The symbol ϕ (U+03D5) is designated specifically for the closed form, used as a technical symbol. 12014:(similar to a reversed number 3). The symbol ϵ (U+03F5) is designated specifically for the lunate form, used as a technical symbol. 5081: 16706: 17611: 15417: 5087:

Greek initially took over all of the 22 letters of Phoenician. Five were reassigned to denote vowel sounds: the glide consonants

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The classical twenty-four-letter alphabet that is now used to represent the Greek language was originally the local alphabet of

19543: 21423: 17672: 16949: 16880: 16858: 16827: 16776: 16747: 16683: 16671: 16610: 16533: 16492: 16450: 16376: 16340: 16312: 15964: 11405: 19992: 22530: 16302: 11425: 833: 21535: 19429: 17741: 16391:"Albanian Literature in Greek Script: the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth-Century Orthodox Tradition in Albanian Writing" 10628:, adopted from an archaic form of the Greek alphabet brought to Italy by Greek colonists in the late 8th century BC, via 6370: 5849: 5825: 5557: 5529: 3086:, pronounced exactly like tau, pi, and kappa respectively, only with a blast of air following the actual consonant sound. 2117: 17965: 6525:

Three of the original Phoenician letters dropped out of use before the alphabet took its classical shape: the letter Ϻ (

23152: 22842: 22535: 22469: 16605:(Second ed.). Berkeley, California, Los Angeles, California, and London, England: University of California Press. 14938:

The date of the earliest inscribed objects; A.W. Johnston, "The alphabet", in N. Stampolidis and V. Karageorghis, eds,

12215:. ISO 8859-7 supports only the monotonic orthography; Unicode supports both the monotonic and polytonic orthographies. 11377: 15582:

A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language, article by Roger D. Woodward (ed. Egbert J. Bakker, 2010, Wiley-Blackwell).

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The following group of vowel letters were originally called simply by their sound values as long vowels: ē, ō, ū, and

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respectively, because these sounds are easier for English speakers to distinguish from the sounds made by the letters

22540: 22515: 21191: 21177: 21147: 20286: 16906: 16660: 11108: 7473:, ancient /b/ regularly changed to modern /v/, and ancient /ɛː/ to modern /i/, resulting in the modern pronunciation 16587:

Macrakis, Stavros M (1996). "Character codes for Greek: Problems and modern solutions". In Macrakis, Michael (ed.).

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Catalogue of the Coins of the Andhra Dynasty, the Western Kṣatrapas, the Traikūṭaka Dynasty, and the "Bodhi" Dynasty

12071:, in standard orthography, has two variants: ς, used only at the ends of words, and σ, used elsewhere. The form ϲ (" 24349: 23098: 22525: 22520: 21409: 20126: 19523: 17665: 16838: 15848: 11960: 10814: 6272: 2254: 17: 17970: 16815: 16146: 11948:(β). In the French tradition of Ancient Greek typography, β is used word-initially, and ϐ is used word-internally. 10726:

had mostly different values and several other characters inherited from pre-Greek local scripts. They were in use

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or rather a phonetically based transcription. Standardized formal transcription systems have been defined by the

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and is sufficient to write Modern Greek. There are also some archaic letters and Greek-based technical symbols.

12081:) is a medieval stylistic variant that can be used in both environments without the final/non-final distinction. 24376: 23017: 22431: 21528: 21416: 19982: 19621: 16026: 11323: 11120: 11116: 5653: 5621: 3513: 1795: 16577: 5211:

Greek also introduced three new consonant letters for its aspirated plosive sounds and consonant clusters: Φ (

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In the following group of consonant letters, the older forms of the names in Ancient Greek were spelled with

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writing, used for everyday purposes. The cursive forms approached the style of lowercase letter forms, with

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always had the smooth breathing and the second the rough breathing (ῤῥ) leading to the transliteration rrh.

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alphabets are almost certainly modeled on the Greek alphabet, but their graphic forms are quite different.

6296: 6151: 6053: 6045: 5978: 4141: 3662: 3323: 2418: 1384: 16122: 12122: 11447: 11439: 11396: 11369: 11342: 11315: 11288: 11261: 11215: 11197: 11179: 11157:. For historical reasons, the Greek designations of some constellations begin with a lower ranked letter. 10894:

fragment preserves a text in the Greek alphabet, as does a 9th or 10th century psalm translation fragment.

8975: 7865: 7514: 7454: 7444: 6670: 6654: 6638: 6628: 6618: 6487: 6000: 5246: 5242: 5238: 5228: 5218: 5201: 5193: 5179: 5159: 5143: 5124: 5098: 5088: 4584:. Smooth breathing marks are usually ignored and rough breathing marks are usually rendered as the letter 4395: 4336: 3778: 3754: 3740: 3701: 3617: 3597: 3577: 3557: 3542: 3252: 3248: 23399: 23007: 22883: 22545: 22499: 22454: 22230: 21919: 21282: 21261: 19941: 19936: 19631: 19533: 18055: 17746: 17234: 16718:

Swiggers, Pierre (1996). "Transmission of the Phoenician Script to the West". In Daniels; Bright (eds.).

14892:, having phonologically merged with a corresponding pair of former diphthongs /ei/ and /ou/ respectively. 11901: 11443: 10760: 7425: 6514: 6021: 5755: 5747: 5645: 5474: 3638: 3537: 3521: 3474: 3041: 2802: 2720: 2597: 1978: 1970: 1941: 1932: 1835: 23938: 16105: 15940: 15936: 24060: 23933: 23066: 23061: 23037: 22947: 22464: 21562: 21349: 19946: 19513: 18926: 17987: 15876: 14541: 12309: 12196:

For computer usage, a variety of encodings have been used for Greek online, many of them documented in

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published several Albanian texts in Greek script during the 18th century. It was only in 1908 that the

6343: 6319: 6100: 6076: 5723: 5310: 5302: 3403: 3065: 3053: 3017: 2509: 2318: 1893: 1298: 1289: 18679: 17997: 16707:"New Findings in Ancient Afghanistan – the Bactrian documents discovered from the Northern Hindu-Kush" 15956: 15952: 15948: 15944: 14104: 14099: 13934: 13929: 12253:

well enough for ordinary continuous text in modern and ancient Greek, and even many archaic forms for

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if a season was so active that it exhausted the regular list of storm names. This happened during the

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or Ladino, a Jewish dialect of Spanish, has occasionally been published in Greek characters in Greece.

24418: 24361: 23317: 23120: 23105: 23027: 22962: 22282: 22177: 21651: 21585: 19599: 19321: 18874: 18461: 17621: 17276: 16263: 14877: 14869: 11350: 11190: 11124: 10812: 9013: 9011: 6512: 6458: 6429: 6400: 6392: 6368: 6341: 6317: 6294: 6270: 6247: 6223: 6200: 6172: 6149: 6121: 6098: 6074: 6051: 6043: 6019: 5976: 5941: 5917: 5894: 5870: 5847: 5823: 5800: 5776: 5753: 5745: 5721: 5698: 5674: 5651: 5643: 5619: 5580: 5578: 5555: 5527: 5504: 5496: 5472: 5449: 5425: 5402: 5378: 5355: 5331: 5308: 5300: 5276: 4437: 4184: 4139: 4116: 4114: 3971: 3686: 3622: 3602: 3582: 3472: 3466: 3464: 3455: 3439: 3431: 3422: 3401: 3392: 3376: 3367: 3346: 3337: 3321: 3312: 3135: 3121: 3075: 3063: 3051: 3039: 3033: 3031: 3023: 3015: 2956: 2954: 2818: 2800: 2794: 2718: 2711: 2709: 2691: 2653: 2635: 2595: 2561: 2559: 2552: 2550: 2507: 2426: 2424: 2416: 2410: 2366: 2358: 2316: 2260: 2191: 2153: 2115: 2066: 2064: 2055: 2032: 2026: 1992: 1984: 1976: 1968: 1939: 1930: 1891: 1873: 1833: 1793: 1757: 1755: 1725: 1723: 1663: 1625: 1607: 1601: 1539: 1531: 1521: 1512: 1428: 1420: 1414: 1382: 1364: 1324: 1296: 1287: 22929: 22909: 22107: 21765: 14019: 14014: 4384:

below the letter. This iota represents the former offglide of what were originally long diphthongs,

1141:. Like Latin and Cyrillic, Greek originally had only a single form of each letter; it developed the 23115: 23078: 23012: 22678: 22565: 21099: 21085: 20390: 18973: 18776: 17992: 17539: 17379: 14064: 14059: 13894: 13889: 12088:(Υ) can occur in different stylistic variants, with the upper strokes either straight like a Latin 11973: 6555:), whose sound value /w/ dropped out of the spoken language before or during the classical period. 6402: 6394: 6174: 3973: 3572: 3441: 1986: 1523: 20704: 18120: 16898: 5188:) was borrowed in two different functions by different dialects of Greek: as a letter for /h/ (Η, 24439: 24398: 23522: 23322: 23307: 23110: 23093: 23073: 23042: 22942: 22878: 22494: 22479: 22449: 22410: 22287: 22139: 21641: 21388: 20416: 19373: 19050: 19029: 18909: 18889: 18721: 18392: 18296: 17773: 17731: 17688: 17601: 17549: 17480: 17399: 16998: 16469: 13979: 13974: 12452: 12233: 12034: 11057: 11050: 11038: 10965: 10711: 6588: 6574: 6202: 5802: 5778: 5451: 5427: 5357: 5333: 3378: 3369: 3314: 3077: 2057: 2034: 1627: 1609: 1366: 1326: 1212: 886: 559: 155: 94: 14084: 14079: 13914: 13909: 11235:

Latin-based alphabets, including separate Latin uppercase letters distinct from the Greek ones.

11123:(when Alpha through Iota were used), after which the practice was discontinued. In May 2021 the 10589:, from Marsiliana d'Albegna, still almost identical with contemporaneous archaic Greek alphabets 24444: 24356: 23359: 23130: 23088: 23022: 22987: 22439: 22423: 22119: 22060: 21909: 21904: 20106: 19045: 19035: 18968: 18478: 17911: 17510: 17418: 17327: 17156: 16853:, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 16652: 16022: 14094: 14089: 13924: 13919: 12095: 11897: 11296: 11128: 10928: 10767: 10752: 5200:) by those dialects that lacked the consonant. Eventually, a seventh vowel letter for the long 5058: 4418: 3646: 3433: 3198: 2820: 2262: 1514: 813: 16698:

Die Druckerei von Moschopolis, 1731–1769: Buchdruck und Heiligenverehrung in Erzbistum Achrida

13999: 13994: 1923: 1867: 1714: 1358: 1280: 24408: 23637: 23627: 23617: 23602: 23292: 23032: 23002: 22957: 22952: 22583: 22550: 22352: 22257: 22243: 21899: 21770: 21734: 21490: 21395: 21184: 21133: 20593: 20515: 20279: 20218: 20203: 19772: 19651: 19393: 19353: 19085: 18761: 17945: 17933: 17906: 17891: 17626: 17514: 17434: 17413: 17364: 16970: 16118: 14837: 14832: 14666: 14044: 14039: 14009: 14004: 13874: 13869: 12250: 9656: 6249: 6225: 5943: 5919: 5896: 5872: 4504: 4264: 3722: 2360: 2193: 2155: 1170: 686: 20198: 19403: 16890: 16644: 15414: 14054: 14049: 13884: 13879: 12092:, or slightly curled. The symbol ϒ (U+03D2) is designated specifically for the curled form ( 11904:

in 1776. The name of this fraternal organization is an acronym for the ancient Greek phrase

23880: 23874: 23860: 23344: 23302: 23274: 23159: 22972: 22202: 21998: 21254: 21005: 20682: 20178: 19833: 19797: 19202: 19125: 18958: 18706: 18696: 18535: 18518: 17834: 17616: 17596: 17544: 17444: 17403: 17073: 16173:"WMO Hurricane Committee retires tropical cyclone names and ends the use of Greek alphabet" 14973:

3 Early Greek letters are very similar and sometimes identical to the West Semitic letters.

13959: 13954: 5404: 5380: 5140: 4430: 4320: 3424: 3083: 1994: 1541: 1422: 1219: 1162: 775: 150: 16700:. Wiener Archiv für Geschichte des Slawentums und Osteuropas. Vol. 13. Böhlau Verlag. 16368: 16199:"WHO announces simple, easy-to-say labels for SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Interest and Concern" 13969: 13964: 10989:

was often written using the Greek alphabet, starting in about 1500. The printing press at

5192:) by those dialects that had such a sound, and as an additional vowel letter for the long 8: 24011: 23981: 23369: 23264: 23259: 22696: 22011: 21924: 21894: 21848: 21611: 20081: 19977: 19699: 19222: 17928: 17591: 17439: 17219: 17177: 17045: 16891: 16693: 15568: 15560: 14975:

4 The letter sequence between the Semitic and Greek alphabets is identical. (Naveh 1982)"

14736: 14465: 14146: 12258: 11092: 11061: 10936: 10909: 10839: 10734: 10715: 10714:

were also adopted around the same time, as the early Greek alphabet was adopted from the

10651: 10647: 6460: 6431: 6069: 5700: 5054: 5024: 4697: 4477: 4401: 3457: 3394: 3339: 3256: 2693: 2637: 2516: 2325: 1875: 901:, had become standard and it is this version that is still used for Greek writing today. 862: 228: 190: 160: 114: 109: 18244: 16944: 16556:

Sea Routes from Sidon to Huelva: Interconnections in the Mediterranean 16th – 6th c. B.C

16421: 16175:. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization. March 17, 2021. Archived from 12021:(θ), frequent in handwriting, and used with a specialized meaning as a technical symbol. 10939:, have been written in Greek script. The modern South Slavic languages now use modified 24228: 24125: 24031: 23675: 23592: 23480: 22982: 22806: 22322: 22302: 22159: 22030: 21914: 21709: 21636: 21240: 21217: 20851: 20740: 20730: 20622: 20565: 20551: 20508: 20213: 20096: 19931: 19823: 19782: 19736: 19731: 19626: 19608: 19276: 19207: 19172: 19120: 18933: 18921: 18332: 18254: 18155: 17710: 17369: 17266: 17055: 16985: 16803: 16710: 16596: 16413: 14822: 14630: 14389: 14228: 12270: 12184: 11104: 10940: 10932: 10850: 9640: 4487: 4186: 2501: 1787: 1533: 1430: 890: 780: 676: 20473: 20131: 14074: 14069: 13904: 13899: 11504: 9666:

style remained the dominant form of handwritten Greek into the modern era. During the

2953:

By around 350 BC, zeta in the Attic dialect had shifted to become a single fricative,

1149:. Sound values and conventional transcriptions for some of the letters differ between 24404: 24303: 23890: 23439: 23287: 23239: 23083: 23052: 22997: 22914: 22791: 22663: 22484: 22317: 22270: 22210: 22084: 22066: 22042: 22024: 21979: 21934: 21929: 21580: 21363: 21356: 21092: 21078: 20990: 20879: 20789: 20768: 20747: 20675: 20607: 20466: 20424: 20376: 20111: 20101: 19746: 19741: 19646: 19641: 19548: 19503: 19326: 19306: 19296: 19286: 19281: 19217: 19212: 19140: 19075: 19060: 19010: 19005: 18948: 18884: 18842: 18684: 18570: 18493: 18009: 18004: 17881: 17495: 17460: 17322: 17298: 16902: 16876: 16854: 16823: 16772: 16743: 16679: 16656: 16645: 16606: 16529: 16488: 16446: 16417: 16372: 16336: 16308: 15960: 15926: 15878:

Ancient Anatolian languages and cultures in contact: some methodological observations

15732: 15728: 15157: 13685: 12906: 12180: 11140: 10998: 10986: 10976: 10788: 10784: 10763:, isolated words are preserved in Greek texts, but no continuous texts are preserved. 10756: 10745: 10719: 10681: 10677: 10629: 10625: 10614: 6123: 5676: 5070: 4453: 4296: 1202: 866: 765: 715: 710: 210: 205: 16554:

Johnston, A. W. (2003). "The alphabet". In Stampolidis, N.; Karageorghis, V (eds.).

14307: 13989: 13984: 11145:

Greek letters are used to denote the brighter stars within each of the eighty-eight

9647:

writing, with carefully drawn, rounded block letters of about equal size, used as a

6579: 4315:). These signs were originally designed to mark different forms of the phonological 616: 24233: 23765: 23730: 23547: 23404: 23282: 23169: 23164: 22489: 22444: 22275: 22182: 21798: 21631: 21616: 21606: 21497: 21435: 21328: 21289: 21275: 21233: 21108: 21054: 21035: 20969: 20961: 20947: 20940: 20865: 20661: 20636: 20572: 20544: 20459: 20445: 20362: 20335: 20272: 20183: 20086: 19908: 19751: 19378: 19358: 19348: 19343: 19227: 18983: 18916: 18904: 18869: 18864: 18847: 18786: 18751: 18711: 18513: 18508: 18456: 18407: 18291: 18225: 18165: 18115: 18060: 17977: 17955: 17940: 17886: 17876: 17810: 17531: 17500: 17374: 17243: 17065: 16795: 16764: 16405: 16298: 15834: 15724: 14545: 14443: 14124: 14034: 14029: 13864: 13859: 13770: 13765: 13657: 13652: 13296: 13291: 12319: 12237: 12197: 11024: 10961: 10898: 10880: 10777: 10771: 9542: 9507: 9501: 9432: 9426: 9391: 9320: 9250: 9209: 9140: 9099: 8943: 8926: 8874: 8831: 8788: 8733: 8627: 8573: 8522: 8516: 8490: 8396: 8345: 8303: 8261: 8255: 8226: 8163: 8103: 8043: 7983: 7977: 7951: 7903: 7897: 7874: 7817: 7766: 7715: 7709: 7683: 7623: 7410: 5038: 4461: 4208: 3126: 3112: 1158: 882: 666: 644: 223: 21335: 20530: 20156: 19807: 19177: 16758: 16361: 14453: 14134: 13539: 13534: 3014:

are normally taught to English speakers with their modern Greek pronunciations of

24248: 24006: 23794: 23607: 23349: 23215: 23147: 22474: 22072: 22054: 22048: 21962: 21939: 21813: 21724: 21684: 21621: 21321: 21013: 20954: 20900: 20893: 20872: 20858: 20842: 20820: 20775: 20668: 20643: 20615: 20600: 20523: 20501: 20494: 20452: 20412: 20383: 20071: 20041: 19864: 19787: 19553: 19483: 19388: 19336: 19316: 19252: 19242: 19232: 19197: 19162: 19157: 19152: 19065: 19020: 19015: 18899: 18894: 18741: 18731: 18585: 18550: 18545: 18525: 18419: 18377: 18317: 18200: 18170: 18080: 18040: 17982: 17916: 17896: 17844: 17827: 17815: 17641: 17631: 17337: 17172: 17086: 17050: 17040: 16842: 16563:

Kristophson, Jürgen (1974). "Das Lexicon Tetraglosson des Daniil Moschopolitis".

16473: 14827: 14364: 14206: 13949: 13944: 13730: 13725: 13454: 13449: 13256: 13251: 12700: 12302: 11588: 11034: 11020: 11016: 11012: 10917: 10891: 10884: 10854: 10846: 10835: 10723: 10669: 10665: 10658: 10640: 10636: 10600: 9698: 9663: 9604: 9536: 9385: 9244: 9134: 6695: 6597: 5818: 5420: 5050: 5046: 4681: 3862: 1138: 770: 703: 671: 200: 195: 185: 24273: 23986: 19518: 18701: 17349: 16981: 16262:

Greek codepoints as the standard representations of the IPA symbols in question

14369: 14216: 13499: 13494: 12312:

or the precomposed characters in the "Greek Extended" block (U+1F00 to U+1FFF).

12201: 10952: 10780:

inscriptions (in modern France) used the Greek alphabet until the Roman conquest

9659:

and descenders, as well as many connecting lines and ligatures between letters.

4271:, the stressed vowel of each word carries one of three accent marks: either the 4227: 2762: 2685: 2629: 2352: 2310: 2223: 2185: 2147: 24130: 24070: 24065: 24021: 23802: 23750: 23740: 23720: 23710: 23454: 23449: 22297: 22096: 22090: 22078: 21878: 21853: 21626: 21551: 21458: 21342: 21226: 21206: 21115: 20983: 20914: 20813: 20761: 20754: 20586: 20579: 20558: 20537: 20438: 20431: 20238: 20193: 20121: 20116: 19967: 19951: 19926: 19869: 19859: 19854: 19694: 19568: 19528: 19498: 19444: 19439: 19434: 19408: 19383: 19331: 19271: 19237: 19187: 19135: 19100: 19055: 18978: 18938: 18837: 18791: 18746: 18664: 18600: 18555: 18540: 18503: 18483: 18451: 18439: 18387: 18382: 18372: 18362: 18357: 18274: 18259: 18249: 18215: 18205: 18150: 18135: 18100: 17950: 17854: 17802: 17692: 17490: 17485: 17354: 17342: 17125: 17021: 15990:

J. Blau, "Middle and Old Arabic material for the history of stress in Arabic",

15318: 14768: 14702: 14684: 14549: 13671: 13598: 13593: 13414: 13409: 13355: 13350: 13158: 13153: 13115: 12324: 12241: 12208: 11956: 11952: 11921: 11751: 11557: 11477: 11463: 11450:⟩, which looks similar to lambda, but is actually an inverted lowercase 11154: 10621: 9600: 9578: 7421: 7417: 6604: 6193: 6116: 5573: 5444: 5373: 5271: 4371: 4340: 4324: 4253: 4241: 1596: 878: 858: 737: 722: 691: 598: 388: 294: 286: 132: 19668: 16149:. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization. September 21, 2020. 14809:

contain the letters ΓΘΣΦΩαδεπστφ (plus β as an alternative interpretation for

14288: 13678: 13608: 13603: 13365: 13360: 12533: 1145:

distinction between uppercase and lowercase in parallel with Latin during the

24433: 24366: 24283: 24258: 23948: 23870: 23552: 23495: 23394: 23384: 23354: 23336: 23210: 22362: 22144: 22036: 21992: 21954: 21793: 21714: 21465: 21314: 21247: 21170: 21140: 20998: 20976: 20907: 20803: 20782: 20629: 20487: 20405: 20398: 20369: 20328: 20243: 20233: 20228: 20015: 19709: 19368: 19311: 18963: 18736: 18620: 18575: 18530: 18498: 18347: 18264: 18237: 18210: 18140: 18125: 18110: 18065: 17822: 17606: 17505: 17332: 17317: 17285: 17229: 17224: 17199: 17099: 16964: 16953: 16846: 16768: 16409: 15736: 15421: 14806: 14802: 14798: 14794: 14790: 14786: 14293: 13750: 13745: 13637: 13632: 13564: 13559: 13321: 13316: 13276: 13271: 12446: 12294:. The first is "Greek and Coptic" (U+0370 to U+03FF). This block is based on 11945: 11603: 11146: 11044: 11005:. Greek spelling is still occasionally used for the local Albanian dialects ( 11002: 10983: 10858: 10796: 10738: 9652: 9574: 6561: 6265: 6014: 5771: 5716: 5669: 5614: 5597: 5326: 5045:

was used to write the earliest attested form of the Greek language, known as

4472: 3247:

Among consonant letters, all letters that denoted voiced plosive consonants (

1150: 312: 277: 18284: 15538: 15242: 14490: 14171: 13760: 13755: 13647: 13642: 13574: 13569: 13519: 13514: 13331: 13326: 13286: 13281: 10857:, the liturgical language of Egyptian Christians. Letters usually retain an 3275: 24183: 24135: 24001: 23855: 23725: 23364: 23200: 22706: 22668: 22367: 20921: 20886: 20827: 20314: 20076: 19972: 19885: 19777: 19678: 19488: 19301: 19266: 19247: 19182: 19070: 18832: 18756: 18565: 18560: 18471: 18466: 18402: 18342: 18322: 18279: 18269: 18220: 18105: 18085: 18075: 17923: 17901: 17859: 17657: 17359: 17312: 17292: 17167: 17138: 17035: 16975: 16938: 16786:

Verbrugghe, Gerald P. (1999), "Transliteration or Transcription of Greek",

15922: 14612: 14588: 13710: 13705: 13529: 13524: 13434: 13429: 13236: 13231: 12447: 12442: 12437: 12274: 12266: 12116: 12072: 12061: 11847: 11834: 11821: 11795: 10970: 10802: 8426: 7506: 7449: 7405:. By the late fifth century BC, it was commonly used by many Athenians. In 7389: 6527: 6482: 6453: 6361: 6336: 6142: 5912: 5865: 5638: 5522: 5278: 5233: 5223: 5213: 5120: 5103: 4410: 4316: 4284: 4272: 4268: 4218: 3002: 2757: 2680: 1166: 1154: 1134: 861:

since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. It is derived from the earlier

656: 651: 590: 504: 214: 19130: 16932: 16643:

Murdoch, Brian (2004). "Gothic". In Murdoch, Brian; Read, Malcolm (eds.).

15862: 14253: 13720: 13715: 13479: 13474: 13444: 13439: 13246: 13241: 12890: 10417: 10403: 10237: 10223: 9877: 9863: 6583:

Distribution of "green", "red" and "blue" alphabet types, after Kirchhoff.

24203: 24095: 24075: 23903: 23411: 23389: 23379: 23374: 23297: 23254: 22801: 22711: 22701: 22588: 22578: 22342: 21719: 21694: 21504: 21268: 21199: 20480: 20171: 20031: 19792: 19636: 19493: 19398: 19167: 19095: 19080: 18988: 18781: 18691: 18590: 18580: 18434: 18397: 18352: 18337: 18312: 18232: 18160: 18145: 17849: 17261: 17253: 17211: 17194: 17189: 17112: 16959: 15522: 15500: 15498: 15496: 15377: 14448: 14384: 14129: 13489: 13484: 13394: 13389: 12901: 12786: 12670: 12619: 12176: 12054: 11932:

Some letters can occur in variant shapes, mostly inherited from medieval

11737: 11711: 11698: 11685: 11091:. Many symbols have traditional uses, such as lower case epsilon (ε) for 11080: 10990: 10921: 10792: 10586: 10093: 10079: 9667: 7239: 6093: 5995: 5936: 5889: 5467: 5164: 4257:('immaterial'). The smooth breathing marks the absence of an initial /h/. 3866: 3059: 2305: 2218: 2180: 2142: 2042: 1181: 1142: 1049: 905: 532: 522: 396: 360: 342: 23908: 16624:. Bibliothèque d'études balkaniques. Vol. 6. Paris: Librairie Droz. 13653: 13643: 13633: 13404: 13399: 13105: 10561: 10547: 10345: 10331: 10057: 10043: 9985: 9971: 9856: 9841: 9827: 9805: 9791: 9784: 9733: 9719: 6916: 6909: 6895: 6689: 5537: 5482: 5388: 24140: 24110: 24105: 24090: 23976: 23943: 23612: 23582: 23249: 22977: 22811: 22653: 22648: 22638: 22623: 22608: 22598: 22573: 21949: 21704: 21659: 20161: 20136: 19704: 19147: 18637: 18632: 18488: 18429: 18070: 16807: 16011:

The Damascus Psalm Fragment: Middle Arabic and the Legacy of Old Ḥigāzī

14719: 14460: 14211: 14141: 12840: 12295: 12119:

can occur in two equally frequent stylistic variants, either shaped as

11047:

or Greek Tatar, spoken by Orthodox Christians, used the Greek alphabet.

11041:

in northern Greece. It is now written in Latin or Cyrillic characters.

11006: 10862: 10823: 10410: 10396: 10230: 10021: 10007: 9913: 9899: 9870: 9769: 9755: 9595: 7557: 7510: 7034: 6705: 6378: 3851:

stands for . In addition, both in Ancient and Modern Greek, the letter

3269: 1146: 874: 661: 15493: 15454: 14964:

The Development of the Greek Alphabet within the Chronology of the ANE

14940:

Sea Routes from Sidon to Huelva: Interconnections in the Mediterranean

14399: 14394: 14302: 13110: 12885: 12665: 12436: 10525: 10511: 10489: 10475: 10453: 10381: 10367: 10309: 10295: 10086: 9964: 9949: 9935: 9022:("plain y") to distinguish it from the identically pronounced digraph 9002:("plain e") to distinguish it from the identically pronounced digraph 6940: 5684: 5020: 3729:

but are now monophthongized. In addition to the four mentioned above (

3488:

The following vowel letters and digraphs are involved in the mergers:

24115: 24041: 24026: 23996: 23991: 23923: 23847: 23832: 23817: 23760: 23660: 23312: 23244: 22816: 22796: 22766: 22761: 22756: 22721: 22716: 22686: 22633: 22593: 22372: 22238: 22192: 22172: 21803: 21674: 21472: 21451: 21444: 20223: 20060: 19756: 19723: 19558: 19449: 18998: 18726: 18642: 18367: 17521: 16889:

Woodard, Roger D. (2008). "Attic Greek". In Woodard, Roger D. (ed.).

16502:

Holton, David; Mackridge, Peter; Philippaki-Warburton, Irini (1998).

16487:. New Haven, Connecticut and London, England: Yale University Press. 15540: 14470: 14404: 14233: 14223: 13664: 13588: 13583: 13345: 13340: 12518: 12511: 12494: 12417: 12262: 12254: 11150: 11100: 10554: 10540: 10504: 10338: 10324: 10273: 10259: 10201: 10187: 10165: 10151: 10129: 10115: 10050: 10036: 9978: 9892: 9834: 9798: 9726: 9648: 9627: 7413: 7147: 7116: 7079: 7020: 7006: 6954: 6923: 6498: 6473: 6280: 6182: 5786: 5588: 5076: 4246: 3726: 3223:

is normally taught to English speakers as , the long o as in English

243: 20166: 16822:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 266–276. 16799: 16678:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 405–416. 16539: 16225:"Covid-19 variants to be given Greek alphabet names to avoid stigma" 16124:

De le lettere nuωvamente aggiunte ne la lingua Italiana – Wikisource

14475: 14444: 14409: 14359: 14354: 14238: 14207: 14156: 14151: 14125: 12835: 12441: 11970:

can occur in two equally frequent stylistic variants, either shaped

10581: 10439: 10288: 10014: 10000: 9928: 9906: 9762: 7072: 7013: 6947: 6930: 6817: 6796: 6740: 6415: 6233: 5965: 5812: 5731: 5629: 5414: 5027:, one of the oldest known samples of the use of the Greek alphabet, 3893:

like in the word finger (not like in the word thing). In analogy to

24165: 24155: 24145: 24120: 23898: 23865: 23827: 23770: 23685: 23670: 23527: 23517: 23434: 23429: 22826: 22821: 22781: 22776: 22751: 22731: 22658: 22613: 22603: 22459: 22357: 22292: 22220: 21828: 20188: 20151: 20146: 20026: 19987: 19828: 19587: 19472: 19363: 19105: 18993: 18943: 18814: 18327: 18130: 18090: 17871: 17864: 17715: 17465: 16871:: An Alphabet for the Greek Language", in Bakker, Egbert J. (ed.), 16501: 15524:

ISO 843:1997 (Conversion of Greek characters into Latin characters)

15025: 14480: 14317: 14312: 14161: 13830: 13820: 13790: 13740: 13735: 13627: 13622: 13554: 13549: 13311: 13306: 13266: 13261: 12850: 12845: 12680: 12523: 12484: 12422: 10916:(modern Sudan) adds three Coptic letters, two letters derived from 10876: 10831: 10827: 10708: 10518: 10482: 10468: 10446: 10374: 10360: 10302: 10252: 10216: 10180: 9942: 7134: 7109: 7097: 7065: 7027: 6992: 6985: 6761: 6733: 6719: 6444: 6327: 6084: 6029: 5986: 5567: 5367: 5265: 5062: 5042: 61: 23918: 20208: 15466: 14485: 14322: 14166: 14119: 14114: 13835: 13825: 13795: 13509: 13504: 13070: 12504: 10266: 10194: 10158: 10122: 10072: 6961: 6845: 6838: 6824: 6789: 6782: 6775: 6768: 6726: 6161: 6110: 6008: 5833: 5765: 5710: 5663: 5608: 5320: 3240:. This is not the sound it actually made in classical Attic Greek. 24308: 24298: 24243: 24238: 24223: 24213: 24198: 24193: 24080: 23968: 23958: 23837: 23812: 23807: 23780: 23775: 23755: 23745: 23735: 23700: 23690: 23680: 23632: 23622: 23597: 23562: 23557: 23532: 23185: 22967: 22628: 22618: 22377: 22347: 22337: 22332: 22312: 22307: 22187: 22134: 21843: 21833: 21823: 21818: 21808: 21520: 20295: 19802: 19673: 19563: 19538: 19424: 19261: 19115: 19090: 18859: 18766: 18414: 18028: 17839: 16990: 16820:

A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity

16729:

Translation: an international encyclopedia of translation studies

16676:

A History of Ancient Greek: From the Beginnings to Late Antiquity

15932: 15715:

Newton, B. E. (1968). "Spontaneous gemination in Cypriot Greek".

14461: 14454: 14414: 14385: 14375: 14327: 14303: 14283: 14278: 14243: 14224: 14217: 14142: 14135: 13840: 13780: 13700: 13695: 13623: 13424: 13419: 13226: 13221: 12855: 12675: 12499: 12291: 12246: 12212: 12085: 11967: 11937: 11808: 11724: 11584: 11570: 11470: 11088: 11084: 11030: 10913: 9820: 9712: 9632: 7495:, reflecting pronunciation. Similarly, iota is sometimes spelled 7394: 6902: 6881: 6866: 6859: 6852: 6810: 6803: 6754: 6551: 6387: 6353: 6306: 6259: 6212: 6038: 5906: 5859: 5548: 5516: 5491: 5435: 5286: 5175: 5170: 5154: 5115: 4689: 4449: 2538: 2249: 1652: 1185: 729: 572: 468: 406: 378: 259: 24253: 23567: 16630:

Miletich, L. (1920). "Dva bŭlgarski ru̐kopisa s grŭtsko pismo".

15483: 15481: 15432: 15430: 14777: 14248: 13845: 13810: 13785: 13469: 13464: 12690: 12397: 10593: 9748: 6888: 6831: 6747: 6063: 5461: 5341: 4374:, which has the shape of a small vertical stroke or a miniature 3167:

has two different lowercase forms in its standard variant, with

42: 24278: 24208: 24188: 24150: 24016: 23822: 23715: 23652: 23642: 23587: 23205: 23190: 22786: 22771: 22746: 22741: 22726: 22387: 22382: 22149: 22129: 21873: 21863: 21858: 21729: 21689: 21679: 21664: 21296: 19040: 18852: 18771: 18716: 18424: 18095: 16918:

Nizhne-Volzhskaya Oblast Ethnological Scientific Society Review

14379: 14374: 13815: 13800: 13384: 13379: 13085: 12685: 11672: 11170: 10994: 10861:

different from the forms used for Greek today. The alphabet of

10432: 9693: 9651:

for carefully produced literary and religious manuscripts, and

9644: 7443:, the word for "ox", was used as the name for the glottal stop 6999: 6674: 6608: 6131: 5971: 5842: 5178:). In addition, the Phoenician letter for the emphatic glottal 5041:, from around the sixteenth century to the twelfth century BC, 2104: 870: 514: 16742:. Vol. I: Phonology. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter. 16097:

Katja Šmid, "Los problemas del estudio de la lengua sefardí",

14942:

2003:263–76, summarizes the present scholarship on the dating.

13805: 12915: 12402: 10956:

18th-century title page of a book printed in Karamanli Turkish

10144: 10108: 8499: 7960: 7880: 7692: 6975: 6968: 5927: 5880: 5174:). A doublet of waw was also borrowed as a consonant for (Ϝ, 4370:

carry an additional diacritic in certain words, the so-called

24288: 24263: 24160: 24100: 24085: 23953: 23913: 23665: 23577: 23572: 23542: 23537: 23512: 23195: 22736: 22691: 22643: 22215: 22167: 21868: 21838: 21785: 21760: 21699: 21669: 19663: 19658: 19508: 19291: 19192: 18879: 17790: 15478: 15442: 15427: 14922: 14920: 14648: 14603: 14579: 14501: 14491: 14481: 14471: 14449: 14420: 14415: 14405: 14400: 14395: 14380: 14360: 14355: 14345: 14340: 14335: 14323: 14318: 14313: 14284: 14279: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14254: 14244: 14234: 14212: 14202: 14201: 14197: 14187: 14177: 14172: 14162: 14157: 14152: 14130: 14120: 14115: 14105: 14100: 14095: 14090: 14085: 14080: 14075: 14070: 14065: 14060: 14055: 14050: 14045: 14040: 14035: 14030: 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14000: 13995: 13990: 13985: 13980: 13975: 13970: 13965: 13960: 13955: 13950: 13945: 13935: 13930: 13925: 13920: 13915: 13910: 13905: 13900: 13895: 13890: 13885: 13880: 13875: 13870: 13865: 13860: 13841: 13831: 13821: 13811: 13801: 13791: 13781: 13771: 13766: 13761: 13756: 13751: 13746: 13741: 13736: 13731: 13726: 13721: 13716: 13711: 13706: 13701: 13696: 13686: 13679: 13672: 13665: 13658: 13648: 13638: 13628: 13609: 13604: 13599: 13594: 13589: 13584: 13575: 13570: 13565: 13560: 13555: 13550: 13540: 13535: 13530: 13525: 13520: 13515: 13510: 13505: 13500: 13495: 13490: 13485: 13480: 13475: 13470: 13465: 13455: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13435: 13430: 13425: 13420: 13415: 13410: 13405: 13400: 13395: 13390: 13385: 13380: 13366: 13361: 13356: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13332: 13327: 13322: 13317: 13312: 13307: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13227: 13222: 12282: 12187:(U+2126) as a separate code point for backward compatibility. 12171: 12068: 12025: 12018: 11887: 11874: 11860: 11782: 11659: 11629: 11544: 11518: 11484: 11409: 10902: 10722:

had slight differences from the Greek counterpart, some like

9636: 9471: 9326: 9289: 9179: 9069: 8904: 8852: 8809: 8766: 8711: 8659: 8411: 8402: 8309: 8267: 8235: 7484: 7478: 7439: 7402: 6678: 6664: 6658: 6648: 6642: 6632: 6622: 6612: 6545: 6539: 6533: 6507: 6289: 5795: 5693: 5397: 5295: 5205: 5135: 5129: 5066: 4468: 4436:

This system of diacritics was first developed by the scholar

4423: 4345: 4329: 4309: 4301: 4289: 4277: 3713:

of the historical sound system in pronouncing Ancient Greek.

3211: 3155: 3071: 2976: 2789: 2405: 2021: 1862: 1409: 1275: 898: 894: 745: 696: 681: 627: 540: 496: 460: 432: 370: 334: 218: 12880: 12795: 11502:. To mark a letter as a numeral sign, a small stroke called 10748:

was the early Greek alphabet with only slight modifications.

10661:, which replaced the Glagolitic alphabet shortly afterwards. 7989: 7957: 3923:

is also used to stand for . There are also the combinations

24293: 24268: 24218: 23705: 23695: 20141: 20036: 15686: 15684: 15621: 15619: 15617: 15615: 11646: 11531: 11075:

Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering

9560: 9548: 9525: 9519: 9510: 9412: 9406: 9344: 9338: 9262: 9253: 9161: 9155: 9143: 9105: 8952: 8932: 8880: 8837: 8794: 8751: 8739: 8645: 8591: 8579: 8537: 8531: 8505: 8351: 8181: 8118: 8058: 8052: 8046: 7998: 7992: 7966: 7915: 7909: 7886: 7835: 7826: 7781: 7730: 7724: 7698: 7638: 6218: 6167: 5740: 5350: 5189: 5184: 5148: 5109: 5093: 1918: 1709: 1353: 611: 580: 478: 424: 352: 16442:

From Alpha to Omega: A Beginning Course in Classical Greek

16277: 16275: 16273: 16271: 15602: 15600: 15585: 14917: 14810: 14496: 14486: 14476: 14425: 14410: 14328: 14249: 14239: 14182: 14167: 13846: 13836: 13826: 13816: 13806: 13796: 13786: 13116: 13111: 13106: 13101: 13100: 13096: 13091: 13086: 13081: 13076: 13071: 13066: 13061: 13056: 13051: 13046: 13041: 13031: 13026: 13021: 13016: 13011: 13006: 13005: 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12946: 12941: 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12911: 12896: 12891: 12886: 12881: 12876: 12871: 12861: 12856: 12851: 12846: 12841: 12836: 12831: 12826: 12821: 12816: 12811: 12806: 12801: 12796: 12791: 12776: 12771: 12766: 12761: 12756: 12751: 12746: 12741: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12711: 12706: 12691: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12661: 12656: 12651: 12646: 12641: 12640: 12636: 12631: 12624: 12609: 12608: 12604: 12599: 12594: 12589: 12584: 12579: 12574: 12569: 12564: 12559: 12558: 12554: 12549: 12544: 12539: 12524: 12519: 12512: 12505: 12500: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12480: 12475: 12457: 12432: 12423: 12418: 12413: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 11944:

The symbol ϐ ("curled beta") is a cursive variant form of

11165:

Several Greek letters are used as phonetic symbols in the

10643:, based on a combination of Greek and Latin uncial models; 9453: 9371: 9356: 9271: 9230: 9215: 9120: 8306: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7186: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 5249:. The origin of these letters is a matter of some debate. 1123: 1114: 1105: 1096: 1087: 1078: 1068: 1058: 1040: 1031: 1022: 1013: 1004: 995: 986: 977: 968: 959: 950: 941: 932: 923: 914: 16055: 16043: 16021:, Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 2020; 15903: 15659: 15657: 15655: 15653: 14782: 14344: 14268: 13065: 13015: 11769: 11616: 9557: 9554: 9522: 9447: 9438: 9394: 9365: 9323: 9221: 9114: 8639: 8636: 8232: 8172: 8112: 7775: 7772: 7629: 6424: 6312: 6242: 5197: 3047: 2989: 2624: 2496: 2347: 1782: 486: 450: 442: 414: 16622:

L'Evangéliaire de Kulakia, un parler slave de Bas-Vardar

16462:

Die Sprache Alkmans: Textgeschichte und Sprachgeschichte

15681: 15669: 15640: 15638: 15636: 15634: 15612: 15266: 15264: 15262: 15202: 15200: 15198: 15196: 15194: 15192: 15190: 15158:"Acquisition of Scottish English Phonology: An Overview" 14516: 13129: 13060: 13010: 12995: 12985: 12965: 12935: 12910: 12810: 12775: 12725: 12660: 12630: 12588: 12583: 12573: 12553: 12548: 12538: 11023:

based on Latin characters was adopted (derived from the

7548:

The names of the letters in spoken Standard Modern Greek

4588:. In modern scholarly transliteration of Ancient Greek, 4475:

in a handful of Greek words, principally distinguishing

16268: 15597: 15383: 15097: 15095: 15093: 15091: 15089: 15087: 15085: 15083: 15081: 15079: 15077: 15075: 15073: 15071: 15069: 14536: 14430: 14419: 13050: 13025: 13020: 12975: 12925: 12578: 12563: 12543: 12387: 11992:('lunate epsilon', like a semicircle with a stroke) or 11096: 10759:. For other neighboring languages or dialects, such as 3230:, in order to more clearly distinguish it from omicron 16731:. Vol. 2. Berlin: de Gruyter. pp. 1157–1159. 16528:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. 16251:. Cambridge: University Press. 1999. pp. 176–181. 16147:"2020 hurricane season exhausts regular list of names" 15992:

Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies

15650: 15067: 15065: 15063: 15061: 15059: 15057: 15055: 15053: 15051: 15049: 14424: 13090: 13075: 13000: 12990: 12970: 12960: 12945: 12860: 12830: 12800: 12755: 12750: 12740: 12720: 12715: 12705: 12655: 12650: 12645: 12635: 12623: 12568: 12456: 12412: 12150: 12126: 11097:

ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter

10905:, the oldest known attestation of an Ossetic language. 7477:). The name of lambda is attested in early sources as 15631: 15539:

UNGEGN Working Group on Romanization Systems (2003).

15340: 15338: 15336: 15334: 15297: 15295: 15293: 15291: 15289: 15287: 15285: 15283: 15281: 15279: 15259: 15225: 15223: 15221: 15219: 15217: 15215: 15187: 15118: 15116: 15114: 15112: 15110: 14985: 14983: 14981: 13030: 12980: 12745: 12730: 12710: 12618: 12603: 12598: 12593: 12392: 12149: 12125: 12098: 12077: 12037: 11998: 11976: 10609:

The Greek alphabet was the model for various others:

9643:. Ancient handwriting developed two distinct styles: 9456: 9444: 9415: 9403: 9374: 9362: 9347: 9335: 9274: 9265: 9233: 9224: 9164: 9152: 9123: 9111: 8949: 8929: 8877: 8834: 8748: 8745: 8736: 8633: 8588: 8585: 8576: 8528: 8496: 8109: 7635: 4694:

United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names

3259:

in Modern Greek. The correspondences are as follows:

16941:—including Greek and Coptic letters, sorted by shape 16367:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 16031: 15790: 15395: 13095: 13080: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12805: 12790: 12735: 11483:

for 90, and a rare Ionian letter for , today called

11107:. For many years the Greek alphabet was used by the 10853:. It is still used today, mostly in Egypt, to write 9450: 9441: 9409: 9397: 9368: 9359: 9341: 9329: 9268: 9227: 9158: 9146: 9117: 9108: 8946: 8791: 8534: 8502: 8408: 8399: 8348: 8178: 8169: 8115: 8055: 7995: 7963: 7912: 7883: 7832: 7829: 7823: 7727: 7721: 7695: 7689: 7632: 5241:. In western Greek variants, Χ was instead used for 16558:. Athens: Museum of Cycladic Art. pp. 263–276. 16067: 15046: 14905: 14334: 14258: 12785: 12770: 12765: 12760: 12479: 12281:as U+03B1 U+0304 U+0301, this rarely renders well: 12143:(a circle with a vertical stroke through it) or as 12024:The symbol ϰ ("kappa symbol") is a cursive form of 12017:The symbol ϑ ("script theta") is a cursive form of 11911: 9551: 9545: 9516: 9513: 9435: 9400: 9353: 9332: 9259: 9256: 9218: 9212: 9149: 9102: 8986:, pronounced identically by this time, were called 8642: 8630: 8525: 8493: 8264: 8229: 8175: 8166: 8106: 8049: 7986: 7954: 7906: 7877: 7820: 7778: 7769: 7718: 7686: 7626: 5053:. The Greeks adopted the alphabet from the earlier 3716: 3148: 16513:Ellinika: istoria tis glossas kai ton omiliton tis 16360: 16249:Handbook of the International Phonetic Association 15521: 15331: 15276: 15212: 15107: 14978: 14339: 14263: 14181: 12930: 12159: 12135: 12104: 12045: 12006: 11984: 11160: 5057:, one of the closely related scripts used for the 4398:), which became monophthongized during antiquity. 3204: 16526:Greek: A History of the Language and its Speakers 16079: 15026:Holton, Mackridge & Philippaki-Warburton 1998 12920: 12451: 12431: 12290:There are two main blocks of Greek characters in 12155: 12131: 12042: 12003: 11981: 10920:, and a digraph of two Greek gammas used for the 9626:The oldest forms of the letters in antiquity are 6594:Studien zur Geschichte des griechischen Alphabets 1224: 24431: 16326:. University of California Press/British Museum. 15139: 15137: 15135: 15133: 15131: 15036: 15034: 14945: 14753:"dialytika tonos" (deprecated, = U+0308 U+0301) 13040: 12955: 12940: 12875: 12407: 10974:) was often written in Greek script, and called 10901:inscription of the 10th–12th centuries found in 7501:in Modern Greek ( is conventionally transcribed 21756: 16916:Zaikovsky, Bogdan (1929). "Mordovkas Problem". 16760:An introduction to Greek and Latin palaeography 16307:. New York City, New York: Dover Publications. 15778:The Routledge Handbook of Scripts and Alphabets 14196: 12870: 12112:), used as a technical symbol, e.g. in physics. 10795:, was written in the Greek alphabet during the 8668:. In Modern Greek these names are spelled with 6537:) denoting the same phoneme /s/; the letter Ϙ ( 5065:in the narrow sense, as distinguished from the 4413:. The acute accent is absent in the upper case. 15007: 14855: 14853: 13055: 13045: 12905: 12895: 12489: 11060:tried to add some Greek letters (Ɛ ε, Ꞷ ω) to 4686:International Organization for Standardization 3125:), and the most common name for it during the 2971: 2969: 2967: 21536: 20280: 17673: 17006: 16722:. Oxford: University Press. pp. 261–270. 16704: 16619: 16482: 16349: 16333:The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems 16049: 15909: 15591: 15206: 15128: 15101: 15031: 15019: 14884:came to be spelled instead with the digraphs 14778:Encodings with a subset of the Greek alphabet 12900: 11119:(when Alpha through Zeta were used), and the 11068: 10639:, devised in the 4th century AD to write the 9599:A 16th-century edition of the New Testament ( 3187:elsewhere. In some 19th-century typesetting, 3089: 889:, but, by the end of the 4th century BC, the 834: 51:"Greek alphabet" in the modern Greek language 17687: 17576:Institute for Language and Speech Processing 16626:– selections from the Gospels in Macedonian. 16575: 15702: 14528:Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points 13141:Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points 12207:The two principal ones still used today are 12053:("variant pi") is an archaic script form of 11442:⟩ in the IPA. The IPA symbol for the 10650:, devised in the 9th century AD for writing 8664:, indicating an original pronunciation with 3197:was also used word-medially at the end of a 16818:. In Christidis, Anastasios-Phoivos (ed.). 16595: 16562: 16483:Keller, Andrew; Russell, Stephanie (2012). 16445:. Indianapolis, Indiana: Focus Publishing. 16383:Aristophanes of Byzantium Greek diacritics. 16061: 16015:Late Antique and Medieval Islamic Near East 15748: 15746: 15369: 15359: 15356:Additionally, the more ancient combination 15344: 15312: 15310: 15301: 15270: 15229: 15122: 14995: 14850: 14176: 11905: 11431: 10879:were used as currency in Eastern Europe by 10598: 9582: 9485: 9478: 9303: 9296: 9193: 9186: 9083: 9076: 8910: 8858: 8815: 8772: 8717: 8669: 8606: 8552: 8469: 8375: 8324: 8282: 8205: 8142: 8082: 8022: 7930: 7850: 7796: 7745: 7662: 7602: 7496: 7490: 4991: 4979: 4967: 4955: 4943: 4931: 4918: 4906: 4894: 4882: 4870: 4858: 4846: 4834: 4822: 4810: 4798: 4786: 4774: 4762: 4750: 4738: 4726: 4714: 4665: 4647: 4629: 4619: 4605: 4591: 4569: 4559: 4537: 4527: 4513: 4387: 4377: 4363: 4352: 4175: 4165: 4155: 4130: 4105: 4086: 4076: 4057: 4038: 4021: 4004: 3987: 3962: 3936: 3926: 3916: 3906: 3896: 3882: 3872: 3854: 3844: 3834: 3824: 3814: 3804: 3794: 3784: 3770: 3760: 3746: 3732: 3725:of vowel letters that formerly represented 3694: 3670: 3654: 3630: 3610: 3590: 3564: 3550: 3529: 3505: 3448: 3415: 3385: 3360: 3330: 3305: 3255:) in Ancient Greek stand for corresponding 3233: 3216: 3190: 3180: 3170: 3160: 3140: 3096: 3007: 2994: 2981: 2964: 2782: 2750: 2673: 2617: 2531: 2489: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2398: 2340: 2298: 2242: 2211: 2173: 2135: 2097: 2014: 1911: 1855: 1775: 1702: 1645: 1589: 1505: 1499: 1493: 1487: 1481: 1460: 1454: 1448: 1442: 1436: 1402: 1346: 1268: 1121: 1112: 1103: 1094: 1085: 1076: 1066: 1056: 1047: 1038: 1029: 1020: 1011: 1002: 993: 984: 975: 966: 957: 948: 939: 930: 921: 912: 22422: 21543: 21529: 20287: 20273: 17680: 17666: 17013: 16999: 16785: 16591:. Newcastle: Oak Knoll Press. p. 265. 16350:Daniels, Peter T; Bright, William (1996). 15823:Published in the UK in 2020 by Oxbow Books 15810:Understanding Relations Between Scripts II 15504: 15487: 15472: 15460: 15448: 15436: 11888:Use by student fraternities and sororities 10875:Coins from the 4th-8th centuries known as 10692: 10605:, a 6th-century Bible manuscript in Gothic 5073:, which have letters only for consonants. 4245:('flute') distinguishes the word from its 1207:Pronunciation of Ancient Greek in teaching 1133:The Greek alphabet is the ancestor of the 841: 827: 93: 16915: 16873:A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language 16726: 16669: 15979: 15776:George L. Campbell, Christopher Moseley, 15690: 14500: 14429: 14186: 12474: 12154: 12130: 12041: 12002: 11980: 6531:), which had been in competition with Σ ( 4339:sound at the beginning of a word, or the 4267:traditionally used for ancient Greek and 2947: 17647:Comparison of Ancient Greek dictionaries 16897:. Cambridge: University Press. pp. 16836: 16813: 16756: 16735: 16717: 16629: 16586: 16576:Liddell, Henry G; Scott, Robert (1940). 16553: 16519: 16510: 16281: 16117: 16111: 16037: 15796: 15752: 15743: 15675: 15663: 15606: 15316: 15307: 15155: 15001: 14926: 14911: 14495: 10951: 10592: 10580: 9609: 9603:), printed in a renaissance typeface by 9594: 7489:; in Modern Greek the spelling is often 6766: 6578: 5082:National Archaeological Museum of Athens 5075: 5019: 4400: 16965:alphabetic test for Greek Unicode range 16960:Unicode FAQ – Greek Language and Script 16888: 16866: 16692: 16642: 16468: 16330: 16222: 16073: 15764: 15644: 15625: 15013: 14989: 14524: 13137: 12160:{\displaystyle \textstyle \varphi \,\!} 9587:has come to be pronounced in Cypriot. 5080:Early Greek alphabet on pottery in the 4417:Another diacritic used in Greek is the 1262:Approximate western European equivalent 1252:Approximate western European equivalent 27:Script used to write the Greek language 14: 24432: 23476: 16620:Mazon, André; Vaillant, André (1938). 16438: 16358: 15921: 15714: 15510: 15401: 15389: 15143: 13159:Official Unicode Consortium code chart 12325:Official Unicode Consortium code chart 12308:To write polytonic Greek, one may use 7114: 7107: 7095: 7092: 7077: 7070: 7063: 7052: 7049: 7046: 7043: 7040: 7032: 7025: 7018: 7011: 7004: 6997: 6990: 6983: 6980: 6973: 6966: 6959: 6952: 6945: 6938: 6935: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6893: 6886: 6879: 3177:being used in word-final position and 24333: 23475: 22904: 22408: 21755: 21575: 21524: 21424:American Printing House for the Blind 21200:International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) 20852:Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali) 20268: 20058: 20013: 19906: 19585: 19470: 18812: 18026: 17788: 17771: 17661: 16994: 16651:. Woodbridge: Camden House. pp. 16647:Early Germanic literature and culture 16589:Greek letters: from tablets to pixels 16459: 16388: 16297: 16153:from the original on January 25, 2024 16085: 15407: 15181: 15175: 15040: 12191: 12057:(π), also used as a technical symbol. 11406:near-close near-front unrounded vowel 11079:Greek symbols are used as symbols in 10799:(65–250 AD). It adds an extra letter 4252: 4240: 3101:is almost universally known today as 1161:, with modern Greek keeping only the 885:times, the Greek alphabet existed in 23944:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus 21576: 19907: 16971:numeric test for Greek Unicode range 16950:Greek Unicode Issues (Nick Nicholas) 16875:, Oxford, England: Wiley-Blackwell, 16335:. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd. 16321: 15561:"Greek (ALA-LC Romanization Tables)" 14951: 14537:Combining and letter-free diacritics 12136:{\displaystyle \textstyle \phi \,\!} 11426:voiceless alveolar lateral fricative 11093:an arbitrarily small positive number 10576: 9010:, which at this time was pronounced 4467:Although it is not a diacritic, the 20294: 15516: 15376:can occur in ancient especially in 12227: 6568: 24: 22905: 21550: 20014: 17020: 16816:"The Introduction of the Alphabet" 16670:Panayotou, A. (12 February 2007). 16398:Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 12099: 11457: 11378:near-close near-back rounded vowel 7522: 6669:(heta) was used for the consonant 4709:Traditional Latin transliteration 3129:(510–323 BC) appears to have been 1305:Short: similar to a as in English 25: 24456: 16926: 16739:The Grammar of Attic Inscriptions 16478:Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. 15415:Greek Unicode Issues: Punctuation 12218: 11927: 11109:World Meteorological Organization 11037:, was spoken by a small group of 10770:was used for writing the ancient 7409:403 BC, at the suggestion of the 3685: 3677: 3661: 3645: 3637: 3621: 3601: 3581: 3571: 3536: 3520: 3512: 1692:Similar to ay as in English overl 24413: 24403: 24394: 24393: 16984:, a collection of free fonts by 16705:Sims-Williams, Nicholas (1997). 16504:Grammatiki tis ellinikis glossas 14701:"dasia / reversed comma above" ( 12028:(κ), used as a technical symbol. 12007:{\displaystyle \varepsilon \,\!} 11113:naming North Atlantic hurricanes 10931:dialects, similar to the modern 10849:adds eight letters derived from 10560: 10553: 10546: 10539: 10524: 10517: 10510: 10503: 10488: 10481: 10474: 10467: 10452: 10445: 10438: 10431: 10416: 10409: 10402: 10395: 10380: 10373: 10366: 10359: 10344: 10337: 10330: 10323: 10308: 10301: 10294: 10287: 10272: 10265: 10258: 10251: 10236: 10229: 10222: 10215: 10200: 10193: 10186: 10179: 10164: 10157: 10150: 10143: 10128: 10121: 10114: 10107: 10092: 10085: 10078: 10071: 10056: 10049: 10042: 10035: 10020: 10013: 10006: 9999: 9984: 9977: 9970: 9963: 9948: 9941: 9934: 9927: 9912: 9905: 9898: 9891: 9876: 9869: 9862: 9855: 9840: 9833: 9826: 9819: 9804: 9797: 9790: 9783: 9768: 9761: 9754: 9747: 9732: 9725: 9718: 9711: 9590: 9573:Some dialects of the Aegean and 9541: 9506: 9431: 9390: 9319: 9249: 9208: 9139: 9098: 8942: 8925: 8873: 8830: 8787: 8732: 8626: 8572: 8521: 8489: 8395: 8344: 8302: 8260: 8225: 8162: 8102: 8042: 7982: 7950: 7902: 7873: 7816: 7765: 7714: 7682: 7622: 7556:Problems playing this file? See 7538: 7393: 7146: 7133: 7115: 7108: 7096: 7078: 7071: 7064: 7033: 7026: 7019: 7012: 7005: 6998: 6991: 6984: 6974: 6967: 6960: 6953: 6946: 6939: 6929: 6922: 6915: 6908: 6901: 6894: 6887: 6880: 6865: 6858: 6851: 6844: 6837: 6830: 6823: 6816: 6809: 6802: 6795: 6788: 6781: 6774: 6767: 6760: 6753: 6746: 6739: 6732: 6725: 6718: 6704: 6688: 6497: 6472: 6443: 6414: 6377: 6352: 6326: 6305: 6279: 6258: 6232: 6211: 6181: 6160: 6130: 6109: 6083: 6062: 6028: 6007: 5985: 5964: 5926: 5905: 5879: 5858: 5832: 5811: 5785: 5764: 5730: 5709: 5683: 5662: 5628: 5607: 5587: 5566: 5536: 5515: 5481: 5460: 5434: 5413: 5387: 5366: 5340: 5319: 5285: 5264: 4226: 4217: 3717:Digraphs and letter combinations 3111:) except in Modern Greek and in 2041:k as in English, but completely 893:, with 24 letters, ordered from 809: 808: 311: 41: 24414: 20059: 17566:Hellenic Foundation for Culture 16893:The ancient languages of Europe 16290: 16255: 16241: 16216: 16191: 16165: 16139: 16091: 16003: 15984: 15973: 15915: 15870: 15856: 15842: 15828: 15802: 15770: 15758: 15708: 15696: 15576: 15553: 15532: 15350: 15319:"Sigma: final versus non-final" 15235: 15149: 11892:In North America, many college 11167:International Phonetic Alphabet 11161:International Phonetic Alphabet 11103:, and lower case sigma (σ) for 10947: 7431: 6543:), which was redundant with Κ ( 4498: 4448:185/180 BC), who worked at the 3781:. The Ancient Greek diphthongs 2923: 2910: 2897: 2884: 2871: 2858: 1196: 17753:Languages by writing system / 16956: (archived August 5, 2012) 16464:(Ph.D.). University of Aarhus. 16304:Essential Modern Greek Grammar 16027:Bible translations into Arabic 15243:"Net Definition & Meaning" 14957: 14932: 14505: 14458: 14441: 14439: 14332: 14300: 14298: 14221: 14139: 13852: 13850: 13683: 13676: 13669: 13662: 13615: 13613: 13581: 13579: 13372: 13370: 13338: 13336: 12628: 12516: 12509: 12472: 12470: 12468: 12466: 12429: 12427: 12261:, Unicode also supports Greek 11324:Open-mid front unrounded vowel 10869: 10624:, together with various other 7503:⟨γ{ι,η,υ,ει,οι}⟩ 7388:*Upsilon is also derived from 6637:was used for all three sounds 6587:There were initially numerous 4614:⟨ai, oi, ei, ou⟩ 1696:, but without pronouncing y. 13: 1: 22015: 22002: 21983: 21966: 21192:Gardner–Salinas braille codes 21148:Gardner–Salinas braille codes 19586: 19471: 18813: 17571:Center for the Greek Language 17129: 17116: 17103: 17090: 17077: 16945:Examples of Greek handwriting 16839:"Fraternities and sororities" 15890:(University of Verona, Italy) 15424:". 2005. Accessed 7 Oct 2014. 14899: 12301:This block also supports the 11985:{\displaystyle \epsilon \,\!} 11508:is added to the right of it. 11422:Americanist phonetic notation 10727: 10687: 7406: 5028: 5016:History of the Greek alphabet 4602:, and the vowel combinations 4445: 4441: 4405:Use of diaeresis in the word 4202: 2834:, similar to British English 2276:, similar to British English 1744:or possibly dz as in English 906:uppercase and lowercase forms 869:to have distinct letters for 865:, and was the earliest known 75: 23143:Funeral and burial practices 22328:Military of Mycenaean Greece 21403:National Braille Association 21382:Braille Institute of America 21100:Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin) 18027: 16849:; Settis, Salvatore (eds.), 16565:Zeitschrift für Balkanologie 16223:Mohamed, Edna (2021-05-31). 15836:Britannica – Lycian Alphabet 15729:10.1016/0024-3841(68)90130-7 15507:, pp. 505–507, 510–511. 15463:, pp. 499–502, 510–511. 11270:Voiceless bilabial fricative 11134: 11095:, lower case pi (π) for the 10701: 6657:(corresponding to classical 6641:(correspondinɡ to classical 4598:will usually be rendered as 4471:has a similar function as a 3889:are pronounced like English 3831:stand for and (or and ); 1672:ea as in Scottish English gr 1178:technical symbols and labels 638:Diacritics and other symbols 7: 21283:Refreshable braille display 21262:Optical braille recognition 20859:Bengali (Bangla / Assamese) 20391:Chinese (mainland Mandarin) 19534:New Epoch Notation Painting 16867:Woodard, Roger D. (2010), " 16837:Winterer, Caroline (2010), 16757:Thompson, Edward M (1912). 16720:The World's Writing Systems 16602:Introduction to Attic Greek 16520:Horrocks, Geoffrey (2010). 16511:Horrocks, Geoffrey (2006). 16485:Learn to Read Greek, Part 1 16352:The World's Writing Systems 15380:texts or in personal names. 14816: 12310:combining diacritical marks 12046:{\displaystyle \varpi \,\!} 11913:Philosophia Biou Kybernētēs 11912: 11902:College of William and Mary 11894:fraternities and sororities 11444:palatal lateral approximant 11428:is the Greek letter lambda 10865:is an adaptation of Coptic. 9581:and pronounce and ; also, 3711:conventional approximations 1558:Similar to y as in English 857:has been used to write the 10: 24461: 23067:Greek Revival architecture 22409: 21350:Thakur Vishva Narain Singh 17789: 16354:. Oxford University Press. 15156:Matthews, Ben (May 2006). 14604: 14580: 14544:and spacing (letter-free) 14520:As of Unicode version 16.0 14509: 13151: 13133:As of Unicode version 16.0 13122: 12317: 12283: 12231: 11461: 11227:voiceless uvular fricative 11209:voiceless dental fricative 11138: 11072: 11069:In mathematics and science 10997:conference standardized a 10887:using Greek uncial script. 9472: 9290: 9180: 9070: 8905: 8853: 8810: 8767: 8712: 8660: 7485: 7479: 7145: 7142: 7139: 7132: 7129: 7126: 6694: 6679: 6665: 6659: 6649: 6643: 6633: 6623: 6613: 6589:local (epichoric) variants 6572: 5013: 5009: 5004: 4636:are generally rendered as 4502: 4424: 4346: 4330: 4310: 4302: 4290: 4278: 4206: 3251:) and aspirated plosives ( 1210: 1200: 1191: 24389: 24340: 24334: 24329: 24174: 24051: 24040: 23967: 23889: 23846: 23793: 23651: 23503: 23494: 23490: 23471: 23420: 23335: 23273: 23235: 23228: 23178: 23138: 23129: 23051: 22928: 22924: 22900: 22866: 22835: 22677: 22564: 22508: 22475:Attalid kings of Pergamon 22430: 22421: 22417: 22404: 22283:Antigonid Macedonian army 22256: 22229: 22201: 22158: 22115: 22106: 21948: 21887: 21784: 21780: 21751: 21650: 21599: 21595: 21571: 21558: 21482: 21433: 21373: 21306: 21216: 21162: 21125: 21086:Mainland Chinese Mandarin 21065: 21046: 21027: 20932: 20838: 20799: 20726: 20653: 20352: 20345: 20306: 20264: 20067: 20054: 20022: 20009: 19960: 19919: 19915: 19902: 19878: 19842: 19816: 19765: 19722: 19687: 19607: 19600:Chinese family of scripts 19598: 19594: 19581: 19479: 19466: 19417: 18825: 18821: 18808: 18670:Boyd's syllabic shorthand 18657: 18305: 18048: 18039: 18035: 18022: 17797: 17784: 17780: 17772: 17767: 17755:by first written accounts 17724: 17703: 17699: 17584: 17558: 17530: 17453: 17427: 17392: 17275: 17252: 17155: 17148: 17064: 17028: 16935:character list in Unicode 16736:Threatte, Leslie (1980). 16331:Coulmas, Florian (1996). 16050:Mazon & Vaillant 1938 15997::3:476-84 (October 1972) 15894:hellenization of Anatolia 15850:Scriptsource.org – Carian 15592:Daniels & Bright 1996 15370: 15360: 15207:Keller & Russell 2012 15102:Keller & Russell 2012 12105:{\displaystyle \Upsilon } 11907:Φιλοσοφία Βίου Κυβερνήτης 11906: 11432: 11351:Open back unrounded vowel 11243: 11240: 11191:voiced bilabial fricative 11125:World Health Organization 10774:in parts of modern Spain. 9681: 9678: 9675: 9583: 9486: 9479: 9304: 9297: 9194: 9187: 9084: 9077: 9037: 9034: 9031: 8911: 8859: 8816: 8773: 8718: 8685: 8682: 8679: 8670: 8607: 8553: 8470: 8440: 8437: 8434: 8376: 8325: 8283: 8206: 8143: 8083: 8023: 7931: 7851: 7797: 7746: 7663: 7603: 7573: 7570: 7567: 7497: 7491: 7294: 7154: 7123: 7086: 7057: 6714: 6493: 6468: 6439: 6410: 5958: 5955: 5258: 5255: 4992: 4980: 4968: 4956: 4944: 4932: 4919: 4907: 4895: 4883: 4871: 4859: 4847: 4835: 4823: 4811: 4799: 4787: 4775: 4763: 4751: 4739: 4727: 4715: 4708: 4705: 4666: 4648: 4630: 4620: 4606: 4592: 4570: 4560: 4538: 4528: 4514: 4486: 4476: 4438:Aristophanes of Byzantium 4388: 4378: 4364: 4353: 4176: 4166: 4156: 4131: 4106: 4087: 4077: 4058: 4039: 4022: 4005: 3988: 3963: 3937: 3927: 3917: 3907: 3897: 3883: 3873: 3855: 3845: 3835: 3825: 3815: 3805: 3795: 3785: 3771: 3761: 3747: 3733: 3695: 3683: 3671: 3655: 3643: 3631: 3611: 3591: 3565: 3551: 3530: 3518: 3506: 3449: 3416: 3386: 3361: 3331: 3306: 3273: 3267: 3264: 3234: 3217: 3191: 3181: 3171: 3161: 3141: 3134: 3120: 3106: 3097: 3008: 2995: 2982: 2793: 2783: 2769: 2761: 2751: 2684: 2674: 2628: 2618: 2542: 2532: 2515: 2500: 2490: 2481: 2475: 2469: 2450: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2409: 2399: 2374: 2351: 2341: 2324: 2309: 2299: 2268: 2253: 2243: 2230: 2222: 2212: 2199: 2184: 2174: 2161: 2146: 2136: 2123: 2108: 2098: 2025: 2015: 1922: 1912: 1866: 1856: 1786: 1776: 1713: 1703: 1671: 1656: 1646: 1600: 1590: 1506: 1500: 1494: 1488: 1482: 1461: 1455: 1449: 1443: 1437: 1413: 1403: 1357: 1347: 1333:a as in American English 1279: 1269: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1122: 1113: 1104: 1095: 1086: 1077: 1067: 1057: 1048: 1039: 1030: 1021: 1012: 1003: 994: 985: 976: 967: 958: 949: 940: 931: 922: 913: 797:Use as scientific symbols 275: 265: 258: 242: 237: 176: 143: 138: 128: 102: 87: 68: 56: 40: 34: 21073:Chinese semi-syllabaries 20336:Unicode braille patterns 20322:International uniformity 18777:Thomas Natural Shorthand 16976:Classical Greek keyboard 16939:Unicode collation charts 16769:10.1017/CBO9781139833790 16439:Groton, Anne H. (2013). 16410:10.1179/byz.1991.15.1.20 16359:Dickey, Eleanor (2007). 15703:Liddell & Scott 1940 15475:, pp. 499–502, 509. 14843: 11099:, capital sigma (Σ) for 10626:ancient scripts in Italy 908:of the 24 letters are: 21410:Blindness organizations 21389:Braille Without Borders 21178:Canadian currency marks 20800:Egyptian lineage family 19983:Southwest Paleohispanic 17602:Greek language question 16920:(36–2). Saratov: 30–32. 16851:The Classical Tradition 16579:A Greek-English Lexicon 15883:Paola Cotticelli-Kurras 15317:Nicholas, Nick (2004). 14683:"psili / comma above" ( 12234:Greek script in Unicode 11058:Giovan Giorgio Trissino 10712:alphabets of Asia Minor 10693:Use for other languages 7295:Sound in Ancient Greek 6699:that resembled a Latin 6683:that resembled a Latin 6575:Archaic Greek alphabets 5168:) was turned into (Ε, 5152:) was turned into (Ο, 3955:Devoiced pronunciation 1213:Manners of articulation 156:Proto-Sinaitic alphabet 22509:Artists & scholars 22424:List of ancient Greeks 22061:Second Athenian League 21910:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 21735:Ancient Greek colonies 20727:Russian lineage family 20127:Great Lakes Algonquian 19036:Greco-Iberian alphabet 18969:Gabelsberger shorthand 17912:Inscriptional Parthian 16978:, a browser-based tool 16597:Mastronarde, Donald J. 16460:Hinge, George (2001). 16389:Elsie, Robert (1991). 16119:Trissino, Gian Giorgio 12161: 12137: 12106: 12075:", resembling a Latin 12047: 12008: 11986: 11959:(a Δρ digraph) in the 11898:Phi Beta Kappa Society 11297:Voiced velar fricative 11129:variants of SARS-CoV-2 10957: 10826:coinage, the coins of 10791:spoken in what is now 10768:Greco-Iberian alphabet 10753:Paleo-Balkan languages 10733:–300 BC until all the 10606: 10599: 10590: 10585:The earliest Etruscan 9619: 9607: 8994:("big o"). The letter 7527: 7453:, or "house", for the 6584: 5158:); and the letter for 5084: 5059:West Semitic languages 5034: 4414: 3127:Greek Classical Period 2716:before /a/, /o/, /u/; 2568:Short: u as in French 2062:before /a/, /o/, /u/; 1958:Long: i as in English 1948:Short: i as in French 1519:before /a/, /o/, /u/; 1314:Long: a as in English 1238:Ancient pronunciation 758:Use in other languages 561:Archaic local variants 23628:Sybaris on the Traeis 22353:Sacred Band of Thebes 22093:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD) 21607:Cycladic civilization 21491:Accessible publishing 21417:Schools for the blind 21396:Japan Braille Library 21185:Computer Braille Code 20839:Indian lineage family 20219:Old Persian cuneiform 19086:Carolingian minuscule 17892:Ancient North Arabian 16814:Voutiras, E. (2007). 16763:. Oxford: Clarendon. 15864:Omniglot.com – Carian 15247:Britannica Dictionary 14838:Romanization of Greek 12251:polytonic orthography 12162: 12138: 12107: 12048: 12009: 11987: 11963:block, at U+20AF (₯). 11056:The Italian humanist 10955: 10668:used for writing the 10596: 10584: 9613: 9598: 7526: 6582: 5107:) were used for (Ι, 5079: 5023: 4505:Romanization of Greek 4404: 4265:polytonic orthography 2961:, as in modern Greek. 2585:Long: u as in French 1241:Modern pronunciation 1211:Further information: 23153:mythological figures 22874:Ancient Greek tribes 21999:Peloponnesian League 21255:Mountbatten Brailler 20610:(largely reassigned) 20393:(largely reassigned) 19942:Southeastern Iberian 19937:Northeastern Iberian 17835:Egyptian hieroglyphs 17612:Morphemes in English 17597:Eteocypriot language 17029:Origin and genealogy 16694:Peyfuss, Max Demeter 16582:. Oxford: Clarendon. 16522:"The Greek Alphabet" 16322:Cook, B. F. (1987). 16179:on December 18, 2023 12259:combining characters 12147: 12123: 12096: 12035: 11996: 11974: 10937:Macedonian languages 10883:and were written in 10751:It was used in some 10746:Old Italic alphabets 10737:were extinct due to 9006:, while, similarly, 8449:Phoenician original 7582:Phoenician original 6653:was used for all of 5133:) was used for (Α, 4610:, οι, ει, ου⟩ 4236:The acute accent in 3084:aspirated consonants 2110:λάμβδα, λάμδα, λάβδα 2105:lambda, lamda, labda 1188:, and other fields. 254:, Greek 151:Egyptian hieroglyphs 23265:Tunnel of Eupalinos 23260:Theatre of Dionysus 22884:Ancient Macedonians 22500:Tyrants of Syracuse 22012:Amphictyonic League 21612:Minoan civilization 21207:Nemeth braille code 20993:(reassigned vowels) 20518:(extended to 8-dot) 20092:Canadian Aboriginal 19978:Khitan small script 19700:Khitan large script 18890:Coorgi–Cox alphabet 17617:Terms of endearment 17592:Eteocretan language 17559:Promotion and study 17046:Pre-Greek substrate 16869:Phoinikeia Grammata 16788:The Classical World 15569:Library of Congress 15490:, pp. 510–511. 15451:, pp. 499–502. 15439:, pp. 499–511. 14929:, pp. 263–276. 12084:The capital letter 11127:announced that the 11062:Italian orthography 11039:Orthodox Christians 10966:Orthodox Christians 10910:Old Nubian language 10840:Indo-Aryan language 10735:Anatolian languages 10716:Phoenician Alphabet 10652:Old Church Slavonic 10648:Glagolitic alphabet 7505:word-initially and 5055:Phoenician alphabet 5025:Dipylon inscription 4698:Library of Congress 4662:; and word-initial 4554:⟨æ,œ⟩ 4485:, "whatever") from 1180:in many domains of 887:many local variants 863:Phoenician alphabet 161:Phoenician alphabet 91:Left-to-right 23939:Menestheus's Limin 23593:Pandosia (Lucania) 23481:Greek colonisation 22843:Athenian statesmen 22604:Diogenes of Sinope 22465:Kings of Macedonia 22455:Kings of Commagene 22323:Macedonian phalanx 22303:Hellenistic armies 22051:(c. 424–c. 395 BC) 21915:Indo-Greek Kingdom 21637:Hellenistic Greece 21241:Braille translator 21218:Braille technology 21194:(science; GS8/GS6) 21163:Symbols in braille 21093:Taiwanese Mandarin 20608:Taiwanese Mandarin 20214:Nwagu Aneke script 19766:Other logosyllabic 19688:Chinese-influenced 19627:Oracle bone script 19609:Chinese characters 19544:Ojibwe Hieroglyphs 18934:Eclectic shorthand 18922:Duployan shorthand 18875:Caucasian Albanian 18675:Canadian syllabics 17711:History of writing 17637:Greek Language Day 17267:Jewish Koine Greek 17056:Hellenic languages 16986:Greek Font Society 16470:Jeffery, Lilian H. 16324:Greek inscriptions 16104::1:113-124 (2002) 15910:Sims-Williams 1997 15898:terminus ante quem 15887:Federico Giusfredi 15755:, pp. 102–103 15184:, pp. 212–234 15004:, pp. 231–250 14890:⟨ου⟩ 14886:⟨ει⟩ 14823:Greek Font Society 12257:. With the use of 12192:Computer encodings 12185:Letterlike Symbols 12157: 12156: 12133: 12132: 12102: 12043: 12004: 11982: 11105:standard deviation 11001:for both Tosk and 10958: 10941:Cyrillic alphabets 10761:Ancient Macedonian 10607: 10591: 9641:Hellenistic period 9620: 9608: 9024:⟨οι⟩ 9004:⟨αι⟩ 7528: 7463:alpha, beta, gamma 7459:ʾaleph, bet, gimel 6585: 6549:) for /k/, and Ϝ ( 5208:) was introduced. 5085: 5035: 5032: 740 BC 4674:⟨rh⟩ 4660:⟨kh⟩ 4656:⟨ch⟩ 4642:⟨ph⟩ 4638:⟨th⟩ 4576:are simplified to 4550:⟨oe⟩ 4546:⟨ae⟩ 4415: 4360:The vowel letters 3891:⟨ng⟩ 2729:ch as in Scottish 891:Euclidean alphabet 781:Old Italic scripts 24427: 24426: 24385: 24384: 24325: 24324: 24321: 24320: 24317: 24316: 23891:Iberian Peninsula 23823:Lipara/Meligounis 23789: 23788: 23467: 23466: 23463: 23462: 23440:Cypriot syllabary 23331: 23330: 23240:Athenian Treasury 23224: 23223: 22896: 22895: 22892: 22891: 22485:Ptolemaic dynasty 22445:Archons of Athens 22400: 22399: 22396: 22395: 22271:Athenian military 22252: 22251: 22085:League of Corinth 22067:Thessalian League 22043:Chalcidian League 22025:Acarnanian League 21935:Ptolemaic Kingdom 21747: 21746: 21743: 21742: 21518: 21517: 21514: 21513: 21436:tactile alphabets 21364:William Bell Wait 21357:Sabriye Tenberken 21158: 21157: 21023: 21022: 21008:(Japanese vowels) 20806:-mediated scripts 20733:-mediated scripts 20260: 20259: 20256: 20255: 20252: 20251: 20112:Ditema tsa Dinoko 20050: 20049: 20005: 20004: 20001: 20000: 19898: 19897: 19894: 19893: 19718: 19717: 19577: 19576: 19462: 19461: 19458: 19457: 18804: 18803: 18800: 18799: 18653: 18652: 18018: 18017: 18005:Teeline Shorthand 17763: 17762: 17655: 17654: 17461:Cypriot syllabary 17388: 17387: 17262:Hellenistic Koine 16882:978-1-118-78291-0 16860:978-0-674-03572-0 16829:978-0-521-83307-3 16778:978-1-139-83379-0 16749:978-3-11-007344-7 16685:978-0-521-83307-3 16672:"Ionic and Attic" 16632:Bŭlgarski Starini 16612:978-0-520-27571-3 16535:978-1-4051-3415-6 16506:. Athens: Pataki. 16494:978-0-300-11589-5 16452:978-1-58510-473-4 16378:978-0-19-531293-5 16342:978-0-631-21481-6 16314:978-0-486-25133-2 16299:Adams, Douglas Q. 16009:Ahmad Al-Jallad, 15966:978-1-332-41465-9 15819:Philippa M Steele 15628:, pp. 26–46. 15392:, pp. 92–93. 14865:⟨ο⟩ 14861:⟨ε⟩ 14775: 14774: 14767:"ypogegrammeni / 14546:diacritical marks 14534: 14533: 13147: 13146: 12181:ordinal indicator 11884: 11883: 11761: 11760: 11638: 11637: 11500:⟨ϡ⟩ 11496:⟨ϟ⟩ 11492:⟨ϛ⟩ 11488:⟨Ͳ⟩ 11481:⟨Ϙ⟩ 11474:⟨Ϝ⟩ 11418: 11417: 11232: 11231: 11141:Bayer designation 10999:Latin orthography 10785:Bactrian language 10615:Etruscan alphabet 10577:Derived alphabets 10574: 10573: 9571: 9570: 9046:Greek (Medieval) 9008:⟨υ⟩ 8996:⟨ε⟩ 8984:⟨ω⟩ 8980:⟨ο⟩ 8972: 8971: 8656: 8655: 8422: 8421: 7543: 7386: 7385: 6715:Phoenician model 6522: 6521: 5951: 5950: 5071:Semitic languages 5002: 5001: 4600:⟨k⟩ 4586:⟨h⟩ 4582:⟨u⟩ 4578:⟨i⟩ 4524:, the diphthongs 4522:⟨c⟩ 4520:is replaced with 4454:textual criticism 4297:circumflex accent 4197: 4196: 3865:, stands for the 3861:, before another 3757:), there is also 3707: 3706: 3482: 3481: 2849: 2848: 2845: 2844: 2809:aw as in English 2770:ps as in English 2467:when used before 2375:rr as in Spanish 2071:before /e/, /i/ 1900:th as in English 1812:ai as in English 1752: 1733:sd as in English 1730: 1634:th as in English 1567:ng as in English 1528:before /e/, /i/; 1480:when used before 1476:ng as in English 1435:when used before 1203:Greek orthography 867:alphabetic script 851: 850: 633: 632: 546: 545: 306: 305: 48:Ellinikó alfávito 16:(Redirected from 24452: 24417: 24416: 24407: 24397: 24396: 24331: 24330: 24049: 24048: 23548:Heraclea Lucania 23501: 23500: 23492: 23491: 23473: 23472: 23233: 23232: 23165:Twelve Olympians 23136: 23135: 22926: 22925: 22902: 22901: 22490:Seleucid dynasty 22470:Kings of Paionia 22419: 22418: 22406: 22405: 22276:Scythian archers 22183:Graphe paranomon 22113: 22112: 22020: 22017: 22007: 22004: 21988: 21985: 21975: 21971: 21968: 21782: 21781: 21753: 21752: 21632:Classical Greece 21617:Mycenaean Greece 21597: 21596: 21573: 21572: 21545: 21538: 21531: 21522: 21521: 21507: 21500: 21498:Braille literacy 21493: 21475: 21468: 21461: 21454: 21447: 21426: 21419: 21412: 21405: 21398: 21391: 21384: 21366: 21359: 21352: 21345: 21338: 21331: 21324: 21317: 21299: 21292: 21290:Slate and stylus 21285: 21278: 21276:Perkins Brailler 21271: 21264: 21257: 21250: 21243: 21236: 21234:Braille embosser 21229: 21209: 21202: 21195: 21187: 21180: 21173: 21151: 21143: 21136: 21118: 21111: 21102: 21095: 21088: 21081: 21074: 21058: 21055:American Braille 21039: 21036:Algerian Braille 21016: 21009: 21001: 20994: 20986: 20979: 20972: 20965: 20957: 20950: 20943: 20925: 20917: 20910: 20903: 20896: 20889: 20882: 20875: 20868: 20861: 20854: 20831: 20823: 20816: 20792: 20785: 20778: 20771: 20764: 20757: 20750: 20743: 20717: 20712: 20707: 20700: 20695: 20690: 20685: 20678: 20671: 20664: 20651: 20650: 20646: 20639: 20632: 20625: 20618: 20611: 20603: 20596: 20589: 20582: 20575: 20568: 20561: 20554: 20547: 20540: 20533: 20526: 20519: 20511: 20504: 20497: 20490: 20483: 20476: 20469: 20462: 20455: 20448: 20441: 20434: 20427: 20420: 20408: 20401: 20394: 20386: 20379: 20372: 20365: 20350: 20349: 20338: 20331: 20324: 20317: 20300: 20289: 20282: 20275: 20266: 20265: 20056: 20055: 20011: 20010: 19917: 19916: 19909:Semi-syllabaries 19904: 19903: 19605: 19604: 19596: 19595: 19583: 19582: 19468: 19467: 18823: 18822: 18810: 18809: 18712:Japanese Braille 18297:Zanabazar square 18166:Nepalese scripts 18056:Bengali–Assamese 18046: 18045: 18037: 18036: 18024: 18023: 17941:Pitman shorthand 17786: 17785: 17782: 17781: 17769: 17768: 17701: 17700: 17682: 17675: 17668: 17659: 17658: 17380:Greco-Australian 17153: 17152: 17134: 17131: 17121: 17118: 17108: 17105: 17095: 17092: 17082: 17079: 17015: 17008: 17001: 16992: 16991: 16933:Greek and Coptic 16921: 16912: 16896: 16885: 16863: 16843:Grafton, Anthony 16833: 16810: 16782: 16753: 16732: 16723: 16714: 16709:. Archived from 16701: 16689: 16666: 16650: 16639: 16625: 16616: 16592: 16583: 16572: 16559: 16550: 16548: 16547: 16538:. Archived from 16516: 16515:. Athens: Estia. 16507: 16498: 16479: 16465: 16456: 16435: 16433: 16432: 16426: 16420:. Archived from 16395: 16385: 16366: 16355: 16346: 16327: 16318: 16285: 16279: 16266: 16259: 16253: 16252: 16245: 16239: 16238: 16236: 16235: 16220: 16214: 16213: 16211: 16210: 16195: 16189: 16188: 16186: 16184: 16169: 16163: 16162: 16160: 16158: 16143: 16137: 16136: 16134: 16132: 16115: 16109: 16095: 16089: 16083: 16077: 16071: 16065: 16062:Kristophson 1974 16059: 16053: 16047: 16041: 16035: 16029: 16007: 16001: 15988: 15982: 15977: 15971: 15970: 15933:Longman & Co 15919: 15913: 15907: 15901: 15874: 15868: 15860: 15854: 15846: 15840: 15832: 15826: 15806: 15800: 15794: 15788: 15774: 15768: 15762: 15756: 15750: 15741: 15740: 15712: 15706: 15700: 15694: 15688: 15679: 15673: 15667: 15661: 15648: 15642: 15629: 15623: 15610: 15604: 15595: 15589: 15583: 15580: 15574: 15573: 15565: 15557: 15551: 15550: 15548: 15547: 15536: 15530: 15529: 15527: 15514: 15508: 15502: 15491: 15485: 15476: 15470: 15464: 15458: 15452: 15446: 15440: 15434: 15425: 15413:Nicolas, Nick. " 15411: 15405: 15399: 15393: 15387: 15381: 15375: 15373: 15372: 15365: 15363: 15362: 15354: 15348: 15345:Mastronarde 2013 15342: 15329: 15328: 15326: 15325: 15314: 15305: 15302:Mastronarde 2013 15299: 15274: 15273:, pp. 11–13 15271:Mastronarde 2013 15268: 15257: 15256: 15254: 15253: 15239: 15233: 15230:Mastronarde 2013 15227: 15210: 15204: 15185: 15179: 15173: 15172: 15170: 15168: 15153: 15147: 15141: 15126: 15123:Mastronarde 2013 15120: 15105: 15099: 15044: 15038: 15029: 15023: 15017: 15016:, pp. 15–17 15011: 15005: 14999: 14993: 14987: 14976: 14961: 14955: 14949: 14943: 14936: 14930: 14924: 14915: 14909: 14893: 14891: 14887: 14883: 14875: 14866: 14862: 14857: 14750:( ̈́ ) 14611:"oxia / tonos / 14607: 14606: 14583: 14582: 14555: 14554: 14527: 14519: 13149: 13148: 13140: 13132: 12320:Greek and Coptic 12315: 12314: 12286: 12285: 12238:Greek and Coptic 12228:Greek in Unicode 12166: 12164: 12163: 12158: 12142: 12140: 12139: 12134: 12111: 12109: 12108: 12103: 12052: 12050: 12049: 12044: 12013: 12011: 12010: 12005: 11991: 11989: 11988: 11983: 11961:Currency Symbols 11915: 11909: 11908: 11763: 11762: 11640: 11639: 11512: 11511: 11501: 11497: 11493: 11489: 11482: 11475: 11449: 11441: 11437: 11435: 11434: 11398: 11371: 11344: 11317: 11290: 11263: 11244:Phonetic letter 11238: 11237: 11217: 11199: 11181: 11176: 11175: 11025:Turkish alphabet 10818: 10806: 10789:Iranian language 10772:Iberian language 10732: 10729: 10604: 10597:A page from the 10564: 10557: 10550: 10543: 10528: 10521: 10514: 10507: 10492: 10485: 10478: 10471: 10456: 10449: 10442: 10435: 10420: 10413: 10406: 10399: 10384: 10377: 10370: 10363: 10348: 10341: 10334: 10327: 10312: 10305: 10298: 10291: 10276: 10269: 10262: 10255: 10240: 10233: 10226: 10219: 10204: 10197: 10190: 10183: 10168: 10161: 10154: 10147: 10132: 10125: 10118: 10111: 10096: 10089: 10082: 10075: 10060: 10053: 10046: 10039: 10024: 10017: 10010: 10003: 9988: 9981: 9974: 9967: 9952: 9945: 9938: 9931: 9916: 9909: 9902: 9895: 9880: 9873: 9866: 9859: 9844: 9837: 9830: 9823: 9808: 9801: 9794: 9787: 9772: 9765: 9758: 9751: 9736: 9729: 9722: 9715: 9673: 9672: 9616:Carmina bucolica 9586: 9585: 9567: 9566: 9563: 9562: 9559: 9556: 9553: 9550: 9547: 9540: 9532: 9531: 9528: 9527: 9524: 9521: 9518: 9515: 9512: 9505: 9489: 9488: 9482: 9481: 9475: 9474: 9463: 9462: 9459: 9458: 9455: 9452: 9449: 9446: 9443: 9440: 9437: 9430: 9422: 9421: 9418: 9417: 9414: 9411: 9408: 9405: 9402: 9399: 9396: 9389: 9381: 9380: 9377: 9376: 9373: 9370: 9367: 9364: 9361: 9358: 9355: 9350: 9349: 9346: 9343: 9340: 9337: 9334: 9331: 9328: 9325: 9307: 9306: 9300: 9299: 9293: 9292: 9281: 9280: 9277: 9276: 9273: 9270: 9267: 9264: 9261: 9258: 9255: 9248: 9240: 9239: 9236: 9235: 9232: 9229: 9226: 9223: 9220: 9217: 9214: 9197: 9196: 9190: 9189: 9183: 9182: 9171: 9170: 9167: 9166: 9163: 9160: 9157: 9154: 9151: 9148: 9145: 9138: 9130: 9129: 9126: 9125: 9122: 9119: 9116: 9113: 9110: 9107: 9104: 9087: 9086: 9080: 9079: 9073: 9072: 9055:Greek (Ancient) 9043:Greek (Ancient) 9029: 9028: 9025: 9017: 9009: 9005: 8997: 8990:("small o") and 8985: 8981: 8977: 8968: 8967: 8966: 8965: 8958: 8955: 8954: 8951: 8948: 8939: 8938: 8935: 8934: 8931: 8914: 8913: 8908: 8907: 8896: 8895: 8894: 8893: 8886: 8883: 8882: 8879: 8862: 8861: 8856: 8855: 8844: 8843: 8840: 8839: 8836: 8819: 8818: 8813: 8812: 8801: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8793: 8776: 8775: 8770: 8769: 8758: 8757: 8754: 8753: 8750: 8747: 8742: 8741: 8738: 8721: 8720: 8715: 8714: 8697:Greek (Ancient) 8677: 8676: 8673: 8672: 8663: 8662: 8652: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8644: 8641: 8638: 8635: 8632: 8610: 8609: 8598: 8597: 8594: 8593: 8590: 8587: 8582: 8581: 8578: 8556: 8555: 8544: 8543: 8540: 8539: 8536: 8533: 8530: 8527: 8520: 8512: 8511: 8508: 8507: 8504: 8501: 8498: 8495: 8473: 8472: 8455:Greek (Ancient) 8432: 8431: 8418: 8417: 8414: 8413: 8410: 8405: 8404: 8401: 8379: 8378: 8367: 8366: 8365: 8364: 8357: 8354: 8353: 8350: 8328: 8327: 8316: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8308: 8286: 8285: 8274: 8273: 8270: 8269: 8266: 8259: 8251: 8250: 8249: 8248: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8234: 8231: 8209: 8208: 8197: 8196: 8195: 8194: 8187: 8184: 8183: 8180: 8177: 8174: 8171: 8168: 8146: 8145: 8134: 8133: 8132: 8131: 8124: 8121: 8120: 8117: 8114: 8111: 8108: 8086: 8085: 8074: 8073: 8072: 8071: 8064: 8061: 8060: 8057: 8054: 8051: 8048: 8026: 8025: 8014: 8013: 8012: 8011: 8004: 8001: 8000: 7997: 7994: 7991: 7988: 7981: 7973: 7972: 7969: 7968: 7965: 7962: 7959: 7956: 7934: 7933: 7922: 7921: 7918: 7917: 7914: 7911: 7908: 7901: 7893: 7892: 7889: 7888: 7885: 7882: 7879: 7867: 7854: 7853: 7842: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7834: 7831: 7828: 7825: 7822: 7800: 7799: 7788: 7787: 7784: 7783: 7780: 7777: 7774: 7771: 7749: 7748: 7737: 7736: 7733: 7732: 7729: 7726: 7723: 7720: 7713: 7705: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7697: 7694: 7691: 7688: 7666: 7665: 7654: 7653: 7652: 7651: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7637: 7634: 7631: 7628: 7606: 7605: 7588:Greek (Ancient) 7565: 7564: 7545: 7544: 7525: 7516: 7507:intervocalically 7504: 7500: 7499: 7494: 7493: 7488: 7487: 7482: 7481: 7456: 7446: 7408: 7397: 7155:Modern alphabet 7150: 7137: 7119: 7112: 7100: 7082: 7075: 7068: 7037: 7030: 7023: 7016: 7009: 7002: 6995: 6988: 6978: 6971: 6964: 6957: 6950: 6943: 6933: 6926: 6919: 6912: 6905: 6898: 6891: 6884: 6869: 6862: 6855: 6848: 6841: 6834: 6827: 6820: 6813: 6806: 6799: 6792: 6785: 6778: 6771: 6764: 6757: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6729: 6722: 6712: 6711: 6708: 6698: 6693:) and a form of 6692: 6682: 6681: 6672: 6668: 6667: 6662: 6661: 6656: 6652: 6651: 6646: 6645: 6640: 6636: 6635: 6630: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6616: 6615: 6569:Archaic variants 6518: 6501: 6489: 6476: 6464: 6447: 6435: 6418: 6406: 6398: 6381: 6374: 6356: 6347: 6330: 6323: 6309: 6300: 6283: 6276: 6262: 6253: 6236: 6229: 6215: 6206: 6185: 6178: 6164: 6155: 6134: 6127: 6113: 6104: 6087: 6080: 6066: 6057: 6049: 6032: 6025: 6011: 6002: 5989: 5982: 5968: 5953: 5952: 5947: 5930: 5923: 5909: 5900: 5883: 5876: 5862: 5853: 5836: 5829: 5815: 5806: 5789: 5782: 5768: 5759: 5751: 5734: 5727: 5713: 5704: 5687: 5680: 5666: 5657: 5649: 5632: 5625: 5611: 5591: 5584: 5570: 5561: 5540: 5533: 5519: 5510: 5502: 5485: 5478: 5464: 5455: 5438: 5431: 5417: 5408: 5391: 5384: 5370: 5361: 5344: 5337: 5323: 5314: 5306: 5289: 5282: 5268: 5253: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5230: 5220: 5203: 5195: 5181: 5161: 5145: 5126: 5100: 5090: 5039:Mycenaean period 5033: 5030: 4995: 4994: 4983: 4982: 4971: 4970: 4959: 4958: 4947: 4946: 4935: 4934: 4922: 4921: 4910: 4909: 4898: 4897: 4886: 4885: 4874: 4873: 4862: 4861: 4850: 4849: 4838: 4837: 4826: 4825: 4814: 4813: 4802: 4801: 4790: 4789: 4778: 4777: 4766: 4765: 4754: 4753: 4742: 4741: 4730: 4729: 4718: 4717: 4703: 4702: 4675: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4661: 4657: 4653: 4651: 4650: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4633: 4632: 4625: 4623: 4622: 4615: 4611: 4609: 4608: 4601: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4573: 4572: 4565: 4563: 4562: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4544:are rendered as 4543: 4541: 4540: 4533: 4531: 4530: 4523: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4490: 4480: 4447: 4443: 4429:), indicating a 4428: 4427: 4426: 4397: 4393: 4391: 4390: 4383: 4381: 4380: 4369: 4367: 4366: 4356: 4355: 4350: 4349: 4348: 4341:smooth breathing 4338: 4334: 4333: 4332: 4314: 4313: 4312: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4294: 4293: 4292: 4282: 4281: 4280: 4256: 4254:[ˈailos] 4244: 4242:[avˈlos] 4230: 4221: 4209:Greek diacritics 4190: 4181: 4179: 4178: 4171: 4169: 4168: 4161: 4159: 4158: 4145: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4120: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4092: 4090: 4089: 4082: 4080: 4079: 4063: 4061: 4060: 4044: 4042: 4041: 4027: 4025: 4024: 4010: 4008: 4007: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3977: 3968: 3966: 3965: 3946: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3939: 3932: 3930: 3929: 3922: 3920: 3919: 3912: 3910: 3909: 3902: 3900: 3899: 3892: 3888: 3886: 3885: 3878: 3876: 3875: 3860: 3858: 3857: 3850: 3848: 3847: 3841:stands for and 3840: 3838: 3837: 3830: 3828: 3827: 3820: 3818: 3817: 3810: 3808: 3807: 3800: 3798: 3797: 3790: 3788: 3787: 3780: 3776: 3774: 3773: 3766: 3764: 3763: 3756: 3752: 3750: 3749: 3742: 3738: 3737:, οι, υι⟩ 3736: 3735: 3703: 3698: 3697: 3689: 3681: 3674: 3673: 3665: 3658: 3657: 3649: 3641: 3634: 3633: 3625: 3619: 3614: 3613: 3605: 3599: 3594: 3593: 3585: 3579: 3575: 3568: 3567: 3559: 3554: 3553: 3544: 3540: 3533: 3532: 3524: 3516: 3509: 3508: 3491: 3490: 3478: 3470: 3461: 3452: 3451: 3445: 3437: 3428: 3419: 3418: 3407: 3398: 3389: 3388: 3382: 3373: 3364: 3363: 3352: 3343: 3334: 3333: 3327: 3318: 3309: 3308: 3262: 3261: 3257:fricative sounds 3254: 3250: 3241: 3239: 3237: 3236: 3222: 3220: 3219: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3194: 3193: 3186: 3184: 3183: 3176: 3174: 3173: 3166: 3164: 3163: 3152: 3146: 3144: 3143: 3138: 3124: 3110: 3100: 3099: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3069: 3057: 3045: 3037: 3029: 3021: 3013: 3011: 3010: 3000: 2998: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2973: 2962: 2960: 2951: 2934: 2927: 2921: 2914: 2908: 2903:For example, πάπ 2901: 2895: 2888: 2882: 2875: 2869: 2862: 2824: 2806: 2797: 2786: 2785: 2765: 2754: 2753: 2738:h as in English 2725:before /e/, /i/ 2724: 2715: 2700:c as in English 2697: 2688: 2677: 2676: 2662:f as in English 2659: 2644:p as in English 2641: 2632: 2621: 2620: 2604:i as in English 2601: 2565: 2556: 2546: 2535: 2534: 2519:t as in English 2513: 2504: 2493: 2492: 2484: 2483: 2478: 2477: 2472: 2471: 2459:s as in English 2451:s as in English 2448: 2447: 2442: 2441: 2436: 2435: 2430: 2422: 2413: 2402: 2401: 2385:r as in Spanish 2372: 2364: 2355: 2344: 2343: 2328:p as in English 2322: 2313: 2302: 2301: 2266: 2257: 2246: 2245: 2231:x as in English 2226: 2215: 2214: 2200:n as in English 2197: 2188: 2177: 2176: 2162:m as in English 2159: 2150: 2139: 2138: 2124:l as in English 2121: 2112: 2101: 2100: 2075:k as in English 2070: 2061: 2038: 2029: 2018: 2017: 2001:i as in English 1998: 1990: 1982: 1974: 1945: 1936: 1926: 1915: 1914: 1897: 1882:t as in English 1879: 1870: 1859: 1858: 1842:i as in English 1839: 1802:e as in English 1799: 1790: 1779: 1778: 1764:z as in English 1761: 1743: 1729: 1721: 1717: 1706: 1705: 1669: 1660: 1649: 1648: 1631: 1616:d as in English 1613: 1604: 1593: 1592: 1576:ñ as in Spanish 1549:g as in Spanish 1545: 1537: 1527: 1518: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1490: 1485: 1484: 1467:g as in English 1464: 1463: 1458: 1457: 1452: 1451: 1446: 1445: 1440: 1439: 1434: 1426: 1417: 1406: 1405: 1391:v as in English 1388: 1373:b as in English 1370: 1361: 1350: 1349: 1330: 1302: 1293: 1283: 1272: 1271: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1229: 1228: 1225: 1139:Cyrillic scripts 1128: 1127: 1119: 1118: 1110: 1109: 1101: 1100: 1092: 1091: 1083: 1082: 1075: 1073: 1072: 1063: 1062: 1054: 1053: 1045: 1044: 1036: 1035: 1027: 1026: 1018: 1017: 1009: 1008: 1000: 999: 991: 990: 982: 981: 973: 972: 964: 963: 955: 954: 946: 945: 937: 936: 928: 927: 919: 918: 843: 836: 829: 812: 811: 749: 741: 733: 566: 565: 328: 327: 315: 308: 307: 299: 291: 290:Greek and Coptic 253: 250: 98: 97: 82: 80: 77: 45: 32: 31: 21: 18:Greek (alphabet) 24460: 24459: 24455: 24454: 24453: 24451: 24450: 24449: 24430: 24429: 24428: 24423: 24381: 24336: 24313: 24176: 24170: 24053: 24044: 24036: 24007:Melaina Korkyra 23963: 23885: 23842: 23795:Aeolian Islands 23785: 23647: 23505: 23486: 23485: 23459: 23416: 23327: 23269: 23220: 23174: 23125: 23047: 23038:Wedding customs 22920: 22919: 22888: 22879:Thracian Greeks 22862: 22853:Olympic victors 22831: 22673: 22560: 22504: 22495:Kings of Sparta 22480:Kings of Pontus 22450:Kings of Athens 22426: 22413: 22392: 22288:Army of Macedon 22248: 22225: 22197: 22154: 22102: 22075:(370–c. 230 BC) 22073:Arcadian League 22057:(c. 400–188 BC) 22055:Aetolian League 22049:Boeotian League 22031:Hellenic League 22018: 22005: 21995:(c. 650–404 BC) 21986: 21980:Italiote League 21973: 21969: 21963:Doric Hexapolis 21953: 21944: 21940:Seleucid Empire 21883: 21776: 21775: 21739: 21646: 21622:Greek Dark Ages 21591: 21590: 21567: 21554: 21549: 21519: 21510: 21503: 21496: 21489: 21478: 21471: 21464: 21457: 21450: 21443: 21429: 21422: 21415: 21408: 21401: 21394: 21387: 21380: 21369: 21362: 21355: 21348: 21341: 21334: 21327: 21322:Charles Barbier 21320: 21313: 21302: 21295: 21288: 21281: 21274: 21267: 21260: 21253: 21246: 21239: 21232: 21225: 21212: 21205: 21198: 21190: 21183: 21176: 21169: 21154: 21146: 21139: 21132: 21121: 21114: 21107: 21098: 21091: 21084: 21077: 21072: 21061: 21053: 21047:Frequency-based 21042: 21034: 21019: 21012: 21004: 20997: 20989: 20982: 20975: 20968: 20960: 20953: 20946: 20939: 20928: 20920: 20913: 20906: 20899: 20892: 20885: 20878: 20871: 20864: 20857: 20850: 20843:Bharati Braille 20840: 20834: 20826: 20819: 20812: 20801: 20795: 20788: 20781: 20774: 20767: 20760: 20753: 20746: 20739: 20728: 20722: 20715: 20710: 20703: 20698: 20693: 20688: 20681: 20674: 20667: 20660: 20649: 20642: 20635: 20628: 20621: 20614: 20606: 20599: 20592: 20585: 20578: 20571: 20564: 20557: 20550: 20543: 20536: 20529: 20522: 20514: 20507: 20500: 20493: 20486: 20479: 20472: 20465: 20458: 20451: 20444: 20437: 20430: 20423: 20417:Unified English 20411: 20404: 20397: 20389: 20382: 20375: 20368: 20361: 20346:Braille scripts 20341: 20334: 20327: 20320: 20313: 20302: 20298: 20293: 20248: 20063: 20046: 20042:Stokoe notation 20018: 19997: 19956: 19911: 19890: 19874: 19838: 19817:Logoconsonantal 19812: 19761: 19714: 19683: 19590: 19573: 19554:Siglas poveiras 19475: 19454: 19413: 19317:Younger Futhark 19021:Gregg shorthand 18817: 18796: 18649: 18301: 18031: 18014: 17793: 17776: 17759: 17732:Writing systems 17720: 17695: 17693:writing systems 17686: 17656: 17651: 17642:Trojan language 17632:Minoan language 17580: 17554: 17526: 17454:Writing systems 17449: 17445:Standard Modern 17423: 17419:Standard Modern 17384: 17338:Greco/Calabrian 17271: 17248: 17144: 17132: 17119: 17106: 17093: 17087:Mycenaean Greek 17080: 17060: 17051:Graeco-Phrygian 17041:Graeco-Armenian 17024: 17019: 16929: 16924: 16909: 16883: 16861: 16830: 16800:10.2307/4352343 16779: 16750: 16686: 16663: 16613: 16545: 16543: 16536: 16495: 16453: 16430: 16428: 16424: 16393: 16379: 16343: 16315: 16293: 16288: 16280: 16269: 16260: 16256: 16247: 16246: 16242: 16233: 16231: 16221: 16217: 16208: 16206: 16197: 16196: 16192: 16182: 16180: 16171: 16170: 16166: 16156: 16154: 16145: 16144: 16140: 16130: 16128: 16116: 16112: 16099:Verba Hispanica 16096: 16092: 16084: 16080: 16072: 16068: 16060: 16056: 16048: 16044: 16036: 16032: 16008: 16004: 15989: 15985: 15978: 15974: 15967: 15920: 15916: 15908: 15904: 15875: 15871: 15861: 15857: 15847: 15843: 15833: 15829: 15807: 15803: 15795: 15791: 15775: 15771: 15763: 15759: 15751: 15744: 15713: 15709: 15701: 15697: 15689: 15682: 15678:, p. xiix. 15674: 15670: 15662: 15651: 15643: 15632: 15624: 15613: 15605: 15598: 15590: 15586: 15581: 15577: 15563: 15559: 15558: 15554: 15545: 15543: 15537: 15533: 15515: 15511: 15505:Verbrugghe 1999 15503: 15494: 15488:Verbrugghe 1999 15486: 15479: 15473:Verbrugghe 1999 15471: 15467: 15461:Verbrugghe 1999 15459: 15455: 15449:Verbrugghe 1999 15447: 15443: 15437:Verbrugghe 1999 15435: 15428: 15412: 15408: 15400: 15396: 15388: 15384: 15367: 15357: 15355: 15351: 15343: 15332: 15323: 15321: 15315: 15308: 15300: 15277: 15269: 15260: 15251: 15249: 15241: 15240: 15236: 15228: 15213: 15205: 15188: 15180: 15176: 15166: 15164: 15154: 15150: 15142: 15129: 15121: 15108: 15100: 15047: 15039: 15032: 15024: 15020: 15012: 15008: 15000: 14996: 14988: 14979: 14974: 14972: 14969: 14967: 14962: 14958: 14950: 14946: 14937: 14933: 14925: 14918: 14910: 14906: 14902: 14897: 14896: 14889: 14885: 14864: 14860: 14858: 14851: 14846: 14828:Greek ligatures 14819: 14780: 14764:( ͅ ) 14732:( ̓ ) 14718:"perispomeni" ( 14715:( ͂ ) 14698:( ̔ ) 14680:( ̓ ) 14662:( ̈ ) 14644:( ̆ ) 14626:( ̄ ) 14539: 13157: 12323: 12303:Coptic alphabet 12244: 12232:Main articles: 12230: 12221: 12194: 12148: 12145: 12144: 12124: 12121: 12120: 12097: 12094: 12093: 12036: 12033: 12032: 11997: 11994: 11993: 11975: 11972: 11971: 11930: 11890: 11885: 11499: 11495: 11491: 11487: 11480: 11473: 11466: 11460: 11458:Use as numerals 11429: 11163: 11143: 11137: 11077: 11071: 11035:Turkic language 11021:Gagauz alphabet 11017:Turkic language 10950: 10918:Meroitic script 10890:An 8th-century 10872: 10847:Coptic alphabet 10836:Western Satraps 10800: 10730: 10724:Carian alphabet 10704: 10695: 10690: 10670:Coptic language 10666:Coptic Alphabet 10659:Cyrillic script 10641:Gothic language 10637:Gothic alphabet 10601:Codex Argenteus 10579: 9635:manuscripts in 9605:Claude Garamond 9593: 9579:long consonants 9544: 9535: 9534: 9509: 9500: 9499: 9434: 9425: 9424: 9393: 9384: 9383: 9352: 9322: 9318: 9252: 9243: 9242: 9211: 9207: 9142: 9133: 9132: 9101: 9097: 9058:Greek (Modern) 9049:Greek (Modern) 9023: 9007: 9003: 8995: 8983: 8979: 8961: 8960: 8945: 8941: 8928: 8924: 8889: 8888: 8876: 8872: 8833: 8829: 8790: 8786: 8744: 8735: 8731: 8700:Greek (Modern) 8629: 8625: 8584: 8575: 8571: 8524: 8515: 8514: 8492: 8488: 8458:Greek (Modern) 8407: 8398: 8394: 8360: 8359: 8347: 8343: 8305: 8301: 8263: 8254: 8253: 8252:; occasionally 8244: 8243: 8228: 8224: 8190: 8189: 8165: 8161: 8127: 8126: 8105: 8101: 8067: 8066: 8045: 8041: 8007: 8006: 7985: 7976: 7975: 7953: 7949: 7905: 7896: 7895: 7876: 7872: 7819: 7815: 7768: 7764: 7717: 7708: 7707: 7685: 7681: 7647: 7646: 7625: 7621: 7591:Greek (Modern) 7563: 7562: 7554: 7552: 7551: 7550: 7549: 7546: 7539: 7536: 7529: 7523: 7502: 7434: 7124:Classic Ionian 6598:Adolf Kirchhoff 6577: 6571: 6523: 5051:Greek Dark Ages 5047:Mycenaean Greek 5031: 5018: 5012: 5007: 4682:transliteration 4673: 4663: 4659: 4655: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4599: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4567: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4535: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4507: 4501: 4422: 4385: 4375: 4361: 4344: 4328: 4325:rough breathing 4308: 4300: 4288: 4276: 4261: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4233: 4232: 4231: 4223: 4222: 4211: 4205: 4199: 4173: 4163: 4153: 4128: 4103: 4084: 4074: 4055: 4036: 4019: 4002: 3985: 3960: 3934: 3924: 3914: 3904: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3870: 3863:velar consonant 3852: 3842: 3832: 3822: 3812: 3802: 3792: 3782: 3768: 3758: 3744: 3730: 3719: 3270:voiced plosives 3245: 3244: 3231: 3214: 3209: 3205: 3188: 3178: 3168: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3139:), without the 3094: 3090: 3005: 2992: 2979: 2974: 2965: 2952: 2948: 2938: 2937: 2928: 2924: 2915: 2911: 2902: 2898: 2889: 2885: 2876: 2872: 2863: 2859: 2827:o as in German 2584: 2576:ü as in German 2557: 2458: 2423: 2285:ô as in French 2269:o as in German 2085:q as in French 1957: 1937: 1822:ê as in French 1742: 1680:é as in French 1504:, and possibly 1475: 1459:, and possibly 1427: 1313: 1294: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1215: 1209: 1201:Main articles: 1199: 1194: 1065: 847: 818: 753: 747: 739: 731: 725: 720: 706: 701: 647: 621: 564: 302: 297: 289: 280: 268: 251: 248: 233: 179: 172: 146: 139:Related scripts 124: 103:Official script 92: 78: 74: 71: 64: 52: 50: 36: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 24458: 24448: 24447: 24442: 24440:Greek alphabet 24425: 24424: 24422: 24421: 24411: 24401: 24390: 24387: 24386: 24383: 24382: 24380: 24379: 24374: 24369: 24364: 24359: 24354: 24353: 24352: 24341: 24338: 24337: 24327: 24326: 24323: 24322: 24319: 24318: 24315: 24314: 24312: 24311: 24306: 24301: 24296: 24291: 24286: 24281: 24276: 24271: 24266: 24261: 24256: 24251: 24246: 24241: 24236: 24231: 24226: 24221: 24216: 24211: 24206: 24201: 24196: 24191: 24186: 24180: 24178: 24172: 24171: 24169: 24168: 24163: 24158: 24153: 24148: 24143: 24138: 24133: 24128: 24123: 24118: 24113: 24108: 24103: 24098: 24093: 24088: 24083: 24078: 24073: 24068: 24063: 24057: 24055: 24046: 24038: 24037: 24035: 24034: 24029: 24024: 24019: 24014: 24009: 24004: 23999: 23994: 23989: 23984: 23979: 23973: 23971: 23965: 23964: 23962: 23961: 23956: 23951: 23946: 23941: 23936: 23931: 23926: 23921: 23916: 23911: 23906: 23901: 23895: 23893: 23887: 23886: 23884: 23883: 23878: 23868: 23863: 23858: 23852: 23850: 23844: 23843: 23841: 23840: 23835: 23830: 23825: 23820: 23815: 23810: 23805: 23799: 23797: 23791: 23790: 23787: 23786: 23784: 23783: 23778: 23773: 23768: 23763: 23758: 23753: 23748: 23743: 23741:Megara Hyblaea 23738: 23733: 23728: 23723: 23721:Hybla Gereatis 23718: 23713: 23711:Heraclea Minoa 23708: 23703: 23698: 23693: 23688: 23683: 23678: 23673: 23668: 23663: 23657: 23655: 23649: 23648: 23646: 23645: 23640: 23635: 23630: 23625: 23620: 23615: 23610: 23605: 23600: 23595: 23590: 23585: 23580: 23575: 23570: 23565: 23560: 23555: 23550: 23545: 23540: 23535: 23530: 23525: 23520: 23515: 23509: 23507: 23498: 23488: 23487: 23484: 23483: 23477: 23469: 23468: 23465: 23464: 23461: 23460: 23458: 23457: 23455:Attic numerals 23452: 23450:Greek numerals 23447: 23445:Greek alphabet 23442: 23437: 23432: 23426: 23424: 23418: 23417: 23415: 23414: 23409: 23408: 23407: 23402: 23397: 23392: 23387: 23382: 23377: 23372: 23367: 23357: 23352: 23347: 23341: 23339: 23333: 23332: 23329: 23328: 23326: 23325: 23320: 23315: 23310: 23305: 23300: 23295: 23290: 23285: 23279: 23277: 23271: 23270: 23268: 23267: 23262: 23257: 23252: 23247: 23242: 23236: 23230: 23226: 23225: 23222: 23221: 23219: 23218: 23213: 23208: 23203: 23198: 23193: 23188: 23182: 23180: 23176: 23175: 23173: 23172: 23167: 23162: 23157: 23156: 23155: 23145: 23139: 23133: 23127: 23126: 23124: 23123: 23118: 23113: 23108: 23103: 23102: 23101: 23099:Musical system 23091: 23086: 23081: 23076: 23071: 23070: 23069: 23058: 23056: 23049: 23048: 23046: 23045: 23040: 23035: 23030: 23025: 23020: 23015: 23010: 23005: 23000: 22995: 22990: 22985: 22980: 22975: 22970: 22965: 22960: 22955: 22950: 22945: 22940: 22934: 22932: 22922: 22921: 22918: 22917: 22912: 22906: 22898: 22897: 22894: 22893: 22890: 22889: 22887: 22886: 22881: 22876: 22870: 22868: 22864: 22863: 22861: 22860: 22855: 22850: 22845: 22839: 22837: 22833: 22832: 22830: 22829: 22824: 22819: 22814: 22809: 22804: 22799: 22794: 22789: 22784: 22779: 22774: 22769: 22764: 22759: 22754: 22749: 22744: 22739: 22734: 22729: 22724: 22719: 22714: 22709: 22704: 22699: 22694: 22689: 22683: 22681: 22675: 22674: 22672: 22671: 22666: 22661: 22656: 22651: 22646: 22641: 22636: 22631: 22626: 22621: 22616: 22611: 22606: 22601: 22596: 22591: 22586: 22581: 22576: 22570: 22568: 22562: 22561: 22559: 22558: 22553: 22548: 22543: 22538: 22533: 22531:Mathematicians 22528: 22523: 22518: 22512: 22510: 22506: 22505: 22503: 22502: 22497: 22492: 22487: 22482: 22477: 22472: 22467: 22462: 22457: 22452: 22447: 22442: 22440:Kings of Argos 22436: 22434: 22428: 22427: 22415: 22414: 22402: 22401: 22398: 22397: 22394: 22393: 22391: 22390: 22385: 22380: 22375: 22370: 22365: 22360: 22355: 22350: 22345: 22340: 22335: 22330: 22325: 22320: 22315: 22310: 22305: 22300: 22298:Cretan archers 22295: 22290: 22285: 22280: 22279: 22278: 22268: 22262: 22260: 22254: 22253: 22250: 22249: 22247: 22246: 22241: 22235: 22233: 22227: 22226: 22224: 22223: 22218: 22213: 22207: 22205: 22199: 22198: 22196: 22195: 22190: 22185: 22180: 22175: 22170: 22164: 22162: 22156: 22155: 22153: 22152: 22147: 22142: 22137: 22132: 22127: 22122: 22116: 22110: 22104: 22103: 22101: 22100: 22097:Achaean League 22094: 22091:Euboean League 22088: 22082: 22079:Epirote League 22076: 22070: 22064: 22058: 22052: 22046: 22040: 22034: 22028: 22027:(c. 500–31 BC) 22022: 22009: 21996: 21990: 21977: 21959: 21957: 21955:Confederations 21946: 21945: 21943: 21942: 21937: 21932: 21927: 21922: 21917: 21912: 21907: 21902: 21897: 21891: 21889: 21885: 21884: 21882: 21881: 21879:Lissus (Crete) 21876: 21871: 21866: 21861: 21856: 21851: 21846: 21841: 21836: 21831: 21826: 21821: 21816: 21811: 21806: 21801: 21796: 21790: 21788: 21778: 21777: 21774: 21773: 21768: 21763: 21757: 21749: 21748: 21745: 21744: 21741: 21740: 21738: 21737: 21732: 21727: 21722: 21717: 21712: 21707: 21702: 21697: 21692: 21687: 21682: 21677: 21672: 21667: 21662: 21656: 21654: 21648: 21647: 21645: 21644: 21639: 21634: 21629: 21627:Archaic Greece 21624: 21619: 21614: 21609: 21603: 21601: 21593: 21592: 21589: 21588: 21583: 21577: 21569: 21568: 21566: 21565: 21559: 21556: 21555: 21552:Ancient Greece 21548: 21547: 21540: 21533: 21525: 21516: 21515: 21512: 21511: 21509: 21508: 21501: 21494: 21486: 21484: 21483:Related topics 21480: 21479: 21477: 21476: 21469: 21462: 21459:New York Point 21455: 21448: 21440: 21438: 21431: 21430: 21428: 21427: 21420: 21413: 21406: 21399: 21392: 21385: 21377: 21375: 21371: 21370: 21368: 21367: 21360: 21353: 21346: 21343:Harris Mowbray 21339: 21332: 21325: 21318: 21310: 21308: 21304: 21303: 21301: 21300: 21293: 21286: 21279: 21272: 21265: 21258: 21251: 21244: 21237: 21230: 21227:Braille e-book 21222: 21220: 21214: 21213: 21211: 21210: 21203: 21196: 21188: 21181: 21174: 21166: 21164: 21160: 21159: 21156: 21155: 21153: 21152: 21144: 21137: 21129: 21127: 21123: 21122: 21120: 21119: 21112: 21105: 21104: 21103: 21096: 21089: 21082: 21069: 21067: 21063: 21062: 21060: 21059: 21050: 21048: 21044: 21043: 21041: 21040: 21031: 21029: 21025: 21024: 21021: 21020: 21018: 21017: 21010: 21002: 20995: 20987: 20980: 20973: 20966: 20958: 20951: 20944: 20936: 20934: 20930: 20929: 20927: 20926: 20918: 20911: 20904: 20897: 20890: 20883: 20876: 20869: 20862: 20855: 20847: 20845: 20836: 20835: 20833: 20832: 20824: 20817: 20809: 20807: 20797: 20796: 20794: 20793: 20786: 20779: 20772: 20765: 20758: 20751: 20744: 20736: 20734: 20724: 20723: 20721: 20720: 20719: 20718: 20713: 20708: 20701: 20696: 20691: 20679: 20672: 20665: 20657: 20655: 20648: 20647: 20640: 20633: 20626: 20619: 20612: 20604: 20597: 20590: 20583: 20576: 20569: 20562: 20555: 20548: 20541: 20534: 20527: 20520: 20512: 20505: 20498: 20491: 20484: 20477: 20470: 20463: 20456: 20449: 20442: 20435: 20428: 20421: 20409: 20402: 20395: 20387: 20380: 20373: 20366: 20358: 20356: 20354:French-ordered 20347: 20343: 20342: 20340: 20339: 20332: 20325: 20318: 20310: 20308: 20304: 20303: 20292: 20291: 20284: 20277: 20269: 20262: 20261: 20258: 20257: 20254: 20253: 20250: 20249: 20247: 20246: 20241: 20236: 20231: 20226: 20221: 20216: 20211: 20206: 20201: 20196: 20194:Linear Elamite 20191: 20186: 20181: 20176: 20175: 20174: 20169: 20164: 20159: 20154: 20149: 20139: 20134: 20129: 20124: 20119: 20114: 20109: 20104: 20099: 20094: 20089: 20084: 20079: 20074: 20068: 20065: 20064: 20052: 20051: 20048: 20047: 20045: 20044: 20039: 20034: 20029: 20023: 20020: 20019: 20016:Sign languages 20007: 20006: 20003: 20002: 19999: 19998: 19996: 19995: 19993:Quốc Âm Tân Tự 19990: 19985: 19980: 19975: 19970: 19968:Espanca script 19964: 19962: 19958: 19957: 19955: 19954: 19949: 19944: 19939: 19934: 19929: 19927:Linear Elamite 19923: 19921: 19913: 19912: 19900: 19899: 19896: 19895: 19892: 19891: 19889: 19888: 19882: 19880: 19876: 19875: 19873: 19872: 19867: 19862: 19857: 19852: 19846: 19844: 19840: 19839: 19837: 19836: 19831: 19826: 19820: 19818: 19814: 19813: 19811: 19810: 19808:Yi (Classical) 19805: 19800: 19795: 19790: 19785: 19780: 19775: 19769: 19767: 19763: 19762: 19760: 19759: 19754: 19749: 19744: 19739: 19734: 19728: 19726: 19720: 19719: 19716: 19715: 19713: 19712: 19707: 19702: 19697: 19691: 19689: 19685: 19684: 19682: 19681: 19676: 19671: 19666: 19661: 19656: 19655: 19654: 19649: 19644: 19634: 19632:Bronze scripts 19629: 19624: 19619: 19613: 19611: 19602: 19592: 19591: 19579: 19578: 19575: 19574: 19572: 19571: 19566: 19561: 19556: 19551: 19546: 19541: 19536: 19531: 19526: 19521: 19516: 19511: 19506: 19501: 19496: 19491: 19486: 19480: 19477: 19476: 19464: 19463: 19460: 19459: 19456: 19455: 19453: 19452: 19447: 19445:Flag semaphore 19442: 19440:New York Point 19437: 19435:Telegraph code 19432: 19430:Maritime flags 19427: 19421: 19419: 19415: 19414: 19412: 19411: 19406: 19401: 19396: 19391: 19386: 19384:Visible Speech 19381: 19376: 19371: 19366: 19361: 19356: 19354:Sorang Sompeng 19351: 19346: 19341: 19340: 19339: 19334: 19329: 19324: 19319: 19314: 19309: 19304: 19299: 19289: 19284: 19279: 19274: 19269: 19264: 19259: 19258: 19257: 19256: 19255: 19250: 19245: 19240: 19238:Galik alphabet 19235: 19220: 19215: 19210: 19205: 19200: 19195: 19190: 19185: 19180: 19175: 19170: 19165: 19160: 19155: 19150: 19145: 19144: 19143: 19138: 19136:Tironian notes 19133: 19128: 19123: 19118: 19113: 19108: 19103: 19098: 19093: 19088: 19083: 19078: 19068: 19063: 19058: 19053: 19048: 19043: 19038: 19033: 19023: 19018: 19013: 19008: 19003: 19002: 19001: 18996: 18991: 18981: 18979:Garay alphabet 18976: 18971: 18966: 18961: 18956: 18951: 18946: 18941: 18936: 18931: 18930: 18929: 18919: 18914: 18913: 18912: 18907: 18897: 18892: 18887: 18882: 18877: 18872: 18867: 18862: 18857: 18856: 18855: 18845: 18840: 18835: 18829: 18827: 18819: 18818: 18806: 18805: 18802: 18801: 18798: 18797: 18795: 18794: 18789: 18784: 18779: 18774: 18769: 18764: 18762:Sorang Sompeng 18759: 18754: 18749: 18744: 18739: 18734: 18729: 18724: 18719: 18714: 18709: 18704: 18699: 18694: 18689: 18688: 18687: 18685:Déné syllabics 18682: 18672: 18667: 18661: 18659: 18655: 18654: 18651: 18650: 18648: 18647: 18646: 18645: 18640: 18630: 18629: 18628: 18623: 18618: 18613: 18608: 18603: 18598: 18588: 18583: 18578: 18573: 18568: 18563: 18558: 18553: 18548: 18543: 18538: 18533: 18528: 18523: 18522: 18521: 18511: 18506: 18501: 18496: 18491: 18486: 18481: 18476: 18475: 18474: 18469: 18459: 18454: 18449: 18448: 18447: 18437: 18432: 18427: 18422: 18417: 18412: 18411: 18410: 18400: 18395: 18390: 18385: 18380: 18375: 18370: 18365: 18360: 18355: 18350: 18345: 18340: 18335: 18330: 18325: 18320: 18315: 18309: 18307: 18303: 18302: 18300: 18299: 18294: 18289: 18288: 18287: 18282: 18272: 18267: 18262: 18257: 18252: 18247: 18242: 18241: 18240: 18230: 18229: 18228: 18223: 18218: 18213: 18208: 18203: 18198: 18193: 18188: 18183: 18178: 18173: 18163: 18158: 18153: 18148: 18143: 18138: 18133: 18128: 18123: 18118: 18113: 18108: 18103: 18098: 18093: 18088: 18083: 18078: 18073: 18068: 18063: 18058: 18052: 18050: 18043: 18033: 18032: 18020: 18019: 18016: 18015: 18013: 18012: 18007: 18002: 18001: 18000: 17995: 17990: 17980: 17975: 17974: 17973: 17968: 17958: 17953: 17948: 17946:Proto-Sinaitic 17943: 17938: 17937: 17936: 17926: 17921: 17920: 17919: 17914: 17909: 17904: 17894: 17889: 17884: 17879: 17874: 17869: 17868: 17867: 17862: 17857: 17852: 17842: 17837: 17832: 17831: 17830: 17820: 17819: 17818: 17807: 17806: 17798: 17795: 17794: 17778: 17777: 17765: 17764: 17761: 17760: 17758: 17757: 17751: 17750: 17749: 17744: 17739: 17728: 17726: 17722: 17721: 17719: 17718: 17713: 17707: 17705: 17697: 17696: 17685: 17684: 17677: 17670: 17662: 17653: 17652: 17650: 17649: 17644: 17639: 17634: 17629: 17624: 17619: 17614: 17609: 17604: 17599: 17594: 17588: 17586: 17582: 17581: 17579: 17578: 17573: 17568: 17562: 17560: 17556: 17555: 17553: 17552: 17547: 17542: 17536: 17534: 17528: 17527: 17525: 17524: 17519: 17518: 17517: 17508: 17503: 17498: 17493: 17491:Greek numerals 17488: 17486:Attic numerals 17483: 17478: 17471:Greek alphabet 17468: 17463: 17457: 17455: 17451: 17450: 17448: 17447: 17442: 17437: 17431: 17429: 17425: 17424: 17422: 17421: 17416: 17411: 17396: 17394: 17390: 17389: 17386: 17385: 17383: 17382: 17377: 17372: 17367: 17362: 17357: 17352: 17347: 17346: 17345: 17340: 17330: 17328:Constantinople 17325: 17320: 17315: 17310: 17309: 17308: 17296: 17289: 17281: 17279: 17273: 17272: 17270: 17269: 17264: 17258: 17256: 17250: 17249: 17247: 17246: 17241: 17240: 17239: 17238: 17237: 17232: 17227: 17222: 17214: 17206: 17205: 17204: 17203: 17202: 17192: 17184: 17183: 17182: 17181: 17180: 17170: 17161: 17159: 17150: 17146: 17145: 17143: 17142: 17136: 17126:Medieval Greek 17123: 17110: 17097: 17084: 17070: 17068: 17062: 17061: 17059: 17058: 17053: 17048: 17043: 17038: 17032: 17030: 17026: 17025: 17022:Greek language 17018: 17017: 17010: 17003: 16995: 16989: 16988: 16979: 16973: 16968: 16962: 16957: 16947: 16942: 16936: 16928: 16927:External links 16925: 16923: 16922: 16913: 16907: 16886: 16881: 16864: 16859: 16847:Most, Glenn W. 16834: 16828: 16811: 16794:(6): 499–511, 16783: 16777: 16754: 16748: 16733: 16724: 16715: 16713:on 2007-06-10. 16702: 16690: 16684: 16667: 16661: 16640: 16627: 16617: 16611: 16593: 16584: 16573: 16560: 16551: 16534: 16517: 16508: 16499: 16493: 16480: 16466: 16457: 16451: 16436: 16386: 16377: 16356: 16347: 16341: 16328: 16319: 16313: 16294: 16292: 16289: 16287: 16286: 16284:, p. 377. 16267: 16254: 16240: 16215: 16190: 16164: 16138: 16110: 16090: 16078: 16066: 16054: 16042: 16030: 16002: 15983: 15980:Zaikovsky 1929 15972: 15965: 15914: 15902: 15869: 15855: 15841: 15827: 15815:Philip J Boyes 15801: 15789: 15769: 15757: 15742: 15707: 15705:, s.v. "λάβδα" 15695: 15693:, p. 407. 15691:Panayotou 2007 15680: 15668: 15649: 15630: 15611: 15609:, p. 270. 15596: 15584: 15575: 15552: 15531: 15509: 15492: 15477: 15465: 15453: 15441: 15426: 15420:2012-08-06 at 15406: 15394: 15382: 15349: 15330: 15306: 15275: 15258: 15234: 15211: 15209:, pp. 5–6 15186: 15174: 15148: 15127: 15106: 15045: 15043:, pp. 6–7 15030: 15018: 15006: 14994: 14977: 14956: 14944: 14931: 14916: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14895: 14894: 14848: 14847: 14845: 14842: 14841: 14840: 14835: 14830: 14825: 14818: 14815: 14779: 14776: 14773: 14772: 14769:iota subscript 14765: 14762: 14759: 14755: 14754: 14751: 14748: 14745: 14741: 14740: 14733: 14730: 14728: 14724: 14723: 14716: 14713: 14711: 14707: 14706: 14703:spiritus asper 14699: 14696: 14693: 14689: 14688: 14685:spiritus lenis 14681: 14678: 14675: 14671: 14670: 14663: 14660: 14657: 14653: 14652: 14645: 14642: 14639: 14635: 14634: 14627: 14624: 14621: 14617: 14616: 14609: 14600: 14599:U+00B4, U+0384 14597: 14593: 14592: 14585: 14576: 14573: 14569: 14568: 14565: 14562: 14559: 14550:Greek language 14548:pertaining to 14538: 14535: 14532: 14531: 14530: 14529: 14521: 14507: 14506: 14504: 14499: 14494: 14489: 14484: 14479: 14474: 14469: 14464: 14459: 14457: 14452: 14447: 14442: 14440: 14438: 14434: 14433: 14428: 14423: 14418: 14413: 14408: 14403: 14398: 14393: 14388: 14383: 14378: 14373: 14368: 14363: 14358: 14353: 14349: 14348: 14343: 14338: 14333: 14331: 14326: 14321: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14301: 14299: 14297: 14292: 14287: 14282: 14277: 14273: 14272: 14267: 14262: 14257: 14252: 14247: 14242: 14237: 14232: 14227: 14222: 14220: 14215: 14210: 14205: 14200: 14195: 14191: 14190: 14185: 14180: 14175: 14170: 14165: 14160: 14155: 14150: 14145: 14140: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14118: 14113: 14109: 14108: 14103: 14098: 14093: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14063: 14058: 14053: 14048: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14028: 14024: 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13978: 13973: 13968: 13963: 13958: 13953: 13948: 13943: 13939: 13938: 13933: 13928: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13903: 13898: 13893: 13888: 13883: 13878: 13873: 13868: 13863: 13858: 13854: 13853: 13851: 13849: 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13824: 13819: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13789: 13784: 13779: 13775: 13774: 13769: 13764: 13759: 13754: 13749: 13744: 13739: 13734: 13729: 13724: 13719: 13714: 13709: 13704: 13699: 13694: 13690: 13689: 13684: 13682: 13677: 13675: 13670: 13668: 13663: 13661: 13656: 13651: 13646: 13641: 13636: 13631: 13626: 13621: 13617: 13616: 13614: 13612: 13607: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13587: 13582: 13580: 13578: 13573: 13568: 13563: 13558: 13553: 13548: 13544: 13543: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13523: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13503: 13498: 13493: 13488: 13483: 13478: 13473: 13468: 13463: 13459: 13458: 13453: 13448: 13443: 13438: 13433: 13428: 13423: 13418: 13413: 13408: 13403: 13398: 13393: 13388: 13383: 13378: 13374: 13373: 13371: 13369: 13364: 13359: 13354: 13349: 13344: 13339: 13337: 13335: 13330: 13325: 13320: 13315: 13310: 13305: 13301: 13300: 13295: 13290: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13225: 13220: 13216: 13215: 13212: 13209: 13206: 13203: 13200: 13197: 13194: 13191: 13188: 13185: 13182: 13179: 13176: 13173: 13170: 13167: 13163: 13162: 13154:Greek Extended 13145: 13144: 13143: 13142: 13134: 13120: 13119: 13114: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13089: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13054: 13049: 13044: 13039: 13035: 13034: 13029: 13024: 13019: 13014: 13009: 13004: 12999: 12994: 12989: 12984: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12964: 12959: 12954: 12950: 12949: 12944: 12939: 12934: 12929: 12924: 12919: 12914: 12909: 12904: 12899: 12894: 12889: 12884: 12879: 12874: 12869: 12865: 12864: 12859: 12854: 12849: 12844: 12839: 12834: 12829: 12824: 12819: 12814: 12809: 12804: 12799: 12794: 12789: 12784: 12780: 12779: 12774: 12769: 12764: 12759: 12754: 12749: 12744: 12739: 12734: 12729: 12724: 12719: 12714: 12709: 12704: 12699: 12695: 12694: 12689: 12684: 12679: 12674: 12669: 12664: 12659: 12654: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12627: 12622: 12617: 12613: 12612: 12607: 12602: 12597: 12592: 12587: 12582: 12577: 12572: 12567: 12562: 12557: 12552: 12547: 12542: 12537: 12532: 12528: 12527: 12522: 12517: 12515: 12510: 12508: 12503: 12498: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12473: 12471: 12469: 12467: 12465: 12461: 12460: 12455: 12450: 12445: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12428: 12426: 12421: 12416: 12411: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12391: 12386: 12382: 12381: 12378: 12375: 12372: 12369: 12366: 12363: 12360: 12357: 12354: 12351: 12348: 12345: 12342: 12339: 12336: 12333: 12329: 12328: 12242:Greek Extended 12229: 12226: 12220: 12219:ISO/IEC 8859-7 12217: 12209:ISO/IEC 8859-7 12193: 12190: 12189: 12188: 12168: 12153: 12129: 12113: 12101: 12082: 12065: 12058: 12040: 12029: 12022: 12015: 12001: 11979: 11964: 11949: 11929: 11928:Glyph variants 11926: 11922:Roman alphabet 11889: 11886: 11882: 11881: 11878: 11871: 11867: 11866: 11863: 11858: 11854: 11853: 11850: 11845: 11841: 11840: 11837: 11832: 11828: 11827: 11824: 11819: 11815: 11814: 11811: 11806: 11802: 11801: 11798: 11793: 11789: 11788: 11785: 11780: 11776: 11775: 11772: 11767: 11759: 11758: 11755: 11748: 11744: 11743: 11740: 11735: 11731: 11730: 11727: 11722: 11718: 11717: 11714: 11709: 11705: 11704: 11701: 11696: 11692: 11691: 11688: 11683: 11679: 11678: 11675: 11670: 11666: 11665: 11662: 11657: 11653: 11652: 11649: 11644: 11636: 11635: 11632: 11627: 11623: 11622: 11619: 11614: 11610: 11609: 11606: 11601: 11597: 11596: 11593: 11581: 11577: 11576: 11573: 11568: 11564: 11563: 11560: 11555: 11551: 11550: 11547: 11542: 11538: 11537: 11534: 11529: 11525: 11524: 11521: 11516: 11510: 11464:Greek numerals 11462:Main article: 11459: 11456: 11438:, but ⟨ 11420:The symbol in 11416: 11415: 11412: 11402: 11399: 11394: 11391: 11388: 11384: 11383: 11380: 11375: 11372: 11367: 11364: 11361: 11357: 11356: 11353: 11348: 11345: 11340: 11337: 11334: 11330: 11329: 11326: 11321: 11318: 11313: 11310: 11307: 11303: 11302: 11299: 11294: 11291: 11286: 11283: 11280: 11276: 11275: 11272: 11267: 11264: 11259: 11256: 11253: 11249: 11248: 11245: 11242: 11230: 11229: 11224: 11221: 11218: 11212: 11211: 11206: 11203: 11200: 11194: 11193: 11188: 11185: 11182: 11162: 11159: 11155:Alpha Centauri 11147:constellations 11139:Main article: 11136: 11133: 11073:Main article: 11070: 11067: 11066: 11065: 11054: 11051:Judaeo-Spanish 11048: 11042: 11028: 11010: 10981: 10949: 10946: 10945: 10944: 10925: 10906: 10895: 10888: 10881:Uralic peoples 10871: 10868: 10867: 10866: 10843: 10820: 10781: 10775: 10764: 10749: 10742: 10703: 10700: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10674: 10673: 10662: 10655: 10644: 10633: 10622:Latin alphabet 10618: 10578: 10575: 10572: 10571: 10568: 10565: 10558: 10551: 10544: 10536: 10535: 10532: 10529: 10522: 10515: 10508: 10500: 10499: 10496: 10493: 10486: 10479: 10472: 10464: 10463: 10460: 10457: 10450: 10443: 10436: 10428: 10427: 10424: 10421: 10414: 10407: 10400: 10392: 10391: 10388: 10385: 10378: 10371: 10364: 10356: 10355: 10352: 10349: 10342: 10335: 10328: 10320: 10319: 10316: 10313: 10306: 10299: 10292: 10284: 10283: 10280: 10277: 10270: 10263: 10256: 10248: 10247: 10244: 10241: 10234: 10227: 10220: 10212: 10211: 10208: 10205: 10198: 10191: 10184: 10176: 10175: 10172: 10169: 10162: 10155: 10148: 10140: 10139: 10136: 10133: 10126: 10119: 10112: 10104: 10103: 10100: 10097: 10090: 10083: 10076: 10068: 10067: 10064: 10061: 10054: 10047: 10040: 10032: 10031: 10028: 10025: 10018: 10011: 10004: 9996: 9995: 9992: 9989: 9982: 9975: 9968: 9960: 9959: 9956: 9953: 9946: 9939: 9932: 9924: 9923: 9920: 9917: 9910: 9903: 9896: 9888: 9887: 9884: 9881: 9874: 9867: 9860: 9852: 9851: 9848: 9845: 9838: 9831: 9824: 9816: 9815: 9812: 9809: 9802: 9795: 9788: 9780: 9779: 9776: 9773: 9766: 9759: 9752: 9744: 9743: 9740: 9737: 9730: 9723: 9716: 9708: 9707: 9704: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9688: 9684: 9683: 9680: 9677: 9618:, Leiden 1779. 9601:Gospel of John 9592: 9589: 9577:have retained 9569: 9568: 9533:, traditional 9497: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9483: 9476: 9469: 9465: 9464: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9308: 9301: 9294: 9287: 9283: 9282: 9241:, traditional 9205: 9203: 9201: 9198: 9191: 9184: 9177: 9173: 9172: 9095: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9081: 9074: 9067: 9063: 9062: 9059: 9056: 9053: 9050: 9047: 9044: 9040: 9039: 9038:Pronunciation 9036: 9033: 8970: 8969: 8922: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8902: 8898: 8897: 8870: 8868: 8866: 8863: 8850: 8846: 8845: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8820: 8807: 8803: 8802: 8784: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8764: 8760: 8759: 8729: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8709: 8705: 8704: 8701: 8698: 8695: 8692: 8688: 8687: 8686:Pronunciation 8684: 8681: 8654: 8653: 8623: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8611: 8604: 8600: 8599: 8569: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8557: 8550: 8546: 8545: 8486: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8474: 8467: 8463: 8462: 8459: 8456: 8453: 8450: 8447: 8443: 8442: 8441:Pronunciation 8439: 8436: 8420: 8419: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8380: 8373: 8369: 8368: 8341: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8329: 8322: 8318: 8317: 8299: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8287: 8280: 8276: 8275: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8210: 8203: 8199: 8198: 8159: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8147: 8140: 8136: 8135: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8087: 8080: 8076: 8075: 8039: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8027: 8020: 8016: 8015: 7947: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7935: 7928: 7924: 7923: 7870: 7868: 7863: 7860: 7855: 7848: 7844: 7843: 7813: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7801: 7794: 7790: 7789: 7762: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7750: 7743: 7739: 7738: 7679: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7667: 7660: 7656: 7655: 7619: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7607: 7600: 7596: 7595: 7592: 7589: 7586: 7583: 7580: 7576: 7575: 7574:Pronunciation 7572: 7569: 7553: 7547: 7537: 7534:Greek alphabet 7532: 7531: 7530: 7521: 7520: 7519: 7433: 7430: 7422:Thirty Tyrants 7384: 7383: 7380: 7377: 7374: 7371: 7368: 7365: 7362: 7359: 7356: 7353: 7350: 7347: 7344: 7341: 7338: 7335: 7332: 7329: 7326: 7323: 7320: 7317: 7314: 7311: 7308: 7305: 7302: 7299: 7296: 7292: 7291: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7268: 7263: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7245: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7189: 7184: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7152: 7151: 7144: 7141: 7138: 7131: 7128: 7125: 7121: 7120: 7113: 7106: 7102: 7101: 7094: 7091: 7088: 7084: 7083: 7076: 7069: 7062: 7059: 7055: 7054: 7051: 7048: 7045: 7042: 7039: 7031: 7024: 7017: 7010: 7003: 6996: 6989: 6982: 6979: 6972: 6965: 6958: 6951: 6944: 6937: 6934: 6927: 6920: 6913: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6885: 6878: 6875: 6871: 6870: 6863: 6856: 6849: 6842: 6835: 6828: 6821: 6814: 6807: 6800: 6793: 6786: 6779: 6772: 6765: 6758: 6751: 6744: 6737: 6730: 6723: 6716: 6663:). The letter 6605:Latin alphabet 6573:Main article: 6570: 6567: 6520: 6519: 6510: 6505: 6502: 6495: 6491: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6477: 6470: 6466: 6465: 6456: 6451: 6448: 6441: 6437: 6436: 6427: 6422: 6419: 6412: 6408: 6407: 6390: 6385: 6382: 6375: 6366: 6357: 6349: 6348: 6339: 6334: 6331: 6324: 6315: 6310: 6302: 6301: 6292: 6287: 6284: 6277: 6268: 6263: 6255: 6254: 6245: 6240: 6237: 6230: 6221: 6216: 6208: 6207: 6198: 6189: 6186: 6179: 6170: 6165: 6157: 6156: 6147: 6138: 6135: 6128: 6119: 6114: 6106: 6105: 6096: 6091: 6088: 6081: 6072: 6067: 6059: 6058: 6041: 6036: 6033: 6026: 6017: 6012: 6004: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5990: 5983: 5974: 5969: 5961: 5960: 5957: 5949: 5948: 5939: 5934: 5931: 5924: 5915: 5910: 5902: 5901: 5892: 5887: 5884: 5877: 5868: 5863: 5855: 5854: 5845: 5840: 5837: 5830: 5821: 5816: 5808: 5807: 5798: 5793: 5790: 5783: 5774: 5769: 5761: 5760: 5743: 5738: 5735: 5728: 5719: 5714: 5706: 5705: 5696: 5691: 5688: 5681: 5672: 5667: 5659: 5658: 5641: 5636: 5633: 5626: 5617: 5612: 5604: 5603: 5600: 5595: 5592: 5585: 5576: 5571: 5563: 5562: 5553: 5544: 5541: 5534: 5525: 5520: 5512: 5511: 5494: 5489: 5486: 5479: 5470: 5465: 5457: 5456: 5447: 5442: 5439: 5432: 5423: 5418: 5410: 5409: 5400: 5395: 5392: 5385: 5376: 5371: 5363: 5362: 5353: 5348: 5345: 5338: 5329: 5324: 5316: 5315: 5298: 5293: 5290: 5283: 5274: 5269: 5261: 5260: 5257: 5251: 5014:Main article: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5000: 4999: 4996: 4988: 4987: 4984: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4952: 4951: 4948: 4940: 4939: 4936: 4928: 4927: 4924: 4915: 4914: 4911: 4903: 4902: 4899: 4891: 4890: 4887: 4879: 4878: 4875: 4867: 4866: 4863: 4855: 4854: 4851: 4843: 4842: 4839: 4831: 4830: 4827: 4819: 4818: 4815: 4807: 4806: 4803: 4795: 4794: 4791: 4783: 4782: 4779: 4771: 4770: 4767: 4759: 4758: 4755: 4747: 4746: 4743: 4735: 4734: 4731: 4723: 4722: 4719: 4711: 4710: 4707: 4700:, and others. 4616:. The letters 4503:Main article: 4500: 4497: 4372:iota subscript 4335:), marking an 4235: 4234: 4225: 4224: 4216: 4215: 4214: 4213: 4212: 4207:Main article: 4204: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4191: 4182: 4150: 4149: 4146: 4137: 4125: 4124: 4121: 4112: 4100: 4099: 4096: 4093: 4071: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4052: 4051: 4048: 4045: 4033: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 3999: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3982: 3981: 3978: 3969: 3957: 3956: 3953: 3952:Pronunciation 3950: 3718: 3715: 3705: 3704: 3699: 3691: 3690: 3682: 3675: 3667: 3666: 3659: 3651: 3650: 3642: 3635: 3627: 3626: 3615: 3607: 3606: 3595: 3587: 3586: 3569: 3561: 3560: 3555: 3547: 3546: 3534: 3526: 3525: 3517: 3510: 3502: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3480: 3479: 3462: 3453: 3446: 3429: 3420: 3413: 3409: 3408: 3399: 3390: 3383: 3374: 3365: 3358: 3354: 3353: 3344: 3335: 3328: 3319: 3310: 3303: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3279: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3243: 3242: 3203: 3147: 3115:, where it is 3088: 2963: 2945: 2944: 2943: 2942: 2936: 2935: 2929:For example, μ 2922: 2916:For example, β 2909: 2896: 2890:For example, ε 2883: 2877:For example, ε 2870: 2864:For example, ἀ 2856: 2855: 2854: 2853: 2847: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2825: 2816: 2807: 2798: 2787: 2779: 2778: 2768: 2766: 2755: 2747: 2746: 2727: 2707: 2698: 2689: 2678: 2670: 2669: 2660: 2651: 2642: 2633: 2622: 2614: 2613: 2602: 2593: 2566: 2547: 2536: 2528: 2527: 2514: 2505: 2494: 2486: 2485: 2449: 2414: 2403: 2395: 2394: 2373: 2356: 2345: 2337: 2336: 2323: 2314: 2303: 2295: 2294: 2267: 2258: 2247: 2239: 2238: 2229: 2227: 2216: 2208: 2207: 2198: 2189: 2178: 2170: 2169: 2160: 2151: 2140: 2132: 2131: 2122: 2113: 2102: 2094: 2093: 2073: 2053: 2039: 2030: 2019: 2011: 2010: 1999: 1966: 1946: 1927: 1916: 1908: 1907: 1898: 1889: 1880: 1871: 1860: 1852: 1851: 1840: 1831: 1800: 1791: 1780: 1772: 1771: 1762: 1753: 1731: 1718: 1707: 1699: 1698: 1670: 1661: 1650: 1642: 1641: 1632: 1623: 1614: 1605: 1594: 1586: 1585: 1547: 1510: 1465: 1418: 1407: 1399: 1398: 1389: 1380: 1371: 1362: 1351: 1343: 1342: 1331: 1322: 1303: 1284: 1273: 1265: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1131: 1130: 859:Greek language 855:Greek alphabet 849: 848: 846: 845: 838: 831: 823: 820: 819: 817: 816: 805: 802: 801: 800: 799: 791: 790: 789:Related topics 786: 785: 784: 783: 778: 773: 768: 760: 759: 755: 754: 752: 751: 743: 735: 726: 721: 719: 718: 713: 707: 702: 700: 699: 694: 689: 684: 679: 674: 669: 664: 659: 654: 648: 643: 640: 639: 635: 634: 631: 630: 625: 622: 620: 619: 614: 608: 606: 602: 601: 596: 593: 588: 584: 583: 578: 575: 570: 558: 555: 554: 548: 547: 544: 543: 538: 535: 530: 526: 525: 520: 517: 512: 508: 507: 502: 499: 494: 490: 489: 484: 481: 476: 472: 471: 466: 463: 458: 454: 453: 448: 445: 440: 436: 435: 430: 427: 422: 418: 417: 412: 409: 404: 400: 399: 394: 391: 386: 382: 381: 376: 373: 368: 364: 363: 358: 355: 350: 346: 345: 340: 337: 332: 324: 323: 321:Greek alphabet 317: 316: 304: 303: 301: 300: 298:Greek Extended 292: 283: 281: 276: 273: 272: 269: 266: 263: 262: 256: 255: 246: 240: 239: 235: 234: 232: 231: 226: 221: 208: 203: 198: 193: 188: 182: 180: 177: 174: 173: 171: 170: 169: 168: 167: 166: 165:Greek alphabet 149: 147: 145:Parent systems 144: 141: 140: 136: 135: 130: 126: 125: 123: 122: 120:European Union 117: 112: 106: 104: 100: 99: 89: 85: 84: 72: 69: 66: 65: 60: 58: 54: 53: 46: 38: 37: 35:Greek alphabet 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 24457: 24446: 24445:Greek letters 24443: 24441: 24438: 24437: 24435: 24420: 24412: 24410: 24406: 24402: 24400: 24392: 24391: 24388: 24378: 24375: 24373: 24370: 24368: 24365: 24363: 24360: 24358: 24355: 24351: 24348: 24347: 24346: 24343: 24342: 24339: 24332: 24328: 24310: 24307: 24305: 24302: 24300: 24297: 24295: 24292: 24290: 24287: 24285: 24282: 24280: 24277: 24275: 24272: 24270: 24267: 24265: 24262: 24260: 24257: 24255: 24252: 24250: 24247: 24245: 24242: 24240: 24237: 24235: 24232: 24230: 24227: 24225: 24222: 24220: 24217: 24215: 24212: 24210: 24207: 24205: 24202: 24200: 24197: 24195: 24192: 24190: 24187: 24185: 24182: 24181: 24179: 24173: 24167: 24164: 24162: 24159: 24157: 24154: 24152: 24149: 24147: 24144: 24142: 24139: 24137: 24134: 24132: 24129: 24127: 24124: 24122: 24119: 24117: 24114: 24112: 24109: 24107: 24104: 24102: 24099: 24097: 24094: 24092: 24089: 24087: 24084: 24082: 24079: 24077: 24074: 24072: 24069: 24067: 24064: 24062: 24059: 24058: 24056: 24050: 24047: 24043: 24039: 24033: 24030: 24028: 24025: 24023: 24020: 24018: 24015: 24013: 24010: 24008: 24005: 24003: 24000: 23998: 23995: 23993: 23990: 23988: 23985: 23983: 23980: 23978: 23975: 23974: 23972: 23970: 23966: 23960: 23957: 23955: 23952: 23950: 23947: 23945: 23942: 23940: 23937: 23935: 23932: 23930: 23927: 23925: 23922: 23920: 23919:Hemeroscopion 23917: 23915: 23912: 23910: 23907: 23905: 23902: 23900: 23897: 23896: 23894: 23892: 23888: 23882: 23879: 23876: 23872: 23869: 23867: 23864: 23862: 23859: 23857: 23854: 23853: 23851: 23849: 23845: 23839: 23836: 23834: 23831: 23829: 23826: 23824: 23821: 23819: 23816: 23814: 23811: 23809: 23806: 23804: 23801: 23800: 23798: 23796: 23792: 23782: 23779: 23777: 23774: 23772: 23769: 23767: 23764: 23762: 23759: 23757: 23754: 23752: 23749: 23747: 23744: 23742: 23739: 23737: 23734: 23732: 23729: 23727: 23724: 23722: 23719: 23717: 23714: 23712: 23709: 23707: 23704: 23702: 23699: 23697: 23694: 23692: 23689: 23687: 23684: 23682: 23679: 23677: 23674: 23672: 23669: 23667: 23664: 23662: 23659: 23658: 23656: 23654: 23650: 23644: 23641: 23639: 23636: 23634: 23631: 23629: 23626: 23624: 23621: 23619: 23616: 23614: 23611: 23609: 23606: 23604: 23601: 23599: 23596: 23594: 23591: 23589: 23586: 23584: 23581: 23579: 23576: 23574: 23571: 23569: 23566: 23564: 23561: 23559: 23556: 23554: 23551: 23549: 23546: 23544: 23541: 23539: 23536: 23534: 23531: 23529: 23526: 23524: 23521: 23519: 23516: 23514: 23511: 23510: 23508: 23502: 23499: 23497: 23496:Magna Graecia 23493: 23489: 23482: 23479: 23478: 23474: 23470: 23456: 23453: 23451: 23448: 23446: 23443: 23441: 23438: 23436: 23433: 23431: 23428: 23427: 23425: 23423: 23419: 23413: 23410: 23406: 23403: 23401: 23398: 23396: 23393: 23391: 23388: 23386: 23383: 23381: 23378: 23376: 23373: 23371: 23370:Arcadocypriot 23368: 23366: 23363: 23362: 23361: 23358: 23356: 23353: 23351: 23348: 23346: 23343: 23342: 23340: 23338: 23334: 23324: 23323:Zeus, Olympia 23321: 23319: 23316: 23314: 23311: 23309: 23308:Hera, Olympia 23306: 23304: 23301: 23299: 23296: 23294: 23291: 23289: 23286: 23284: 23281: 23280: 23278: 23276: 23272: 23266: 23263: 23261: 23258: 23256: 23253: 23251: 23248: 23246: 23243: 23241: 23238: 23237: 23234: 23231: 23227: 23217: 23214: 23212: 23211:Mount Olympus 23209: 23207: 23204: 23202: 23199: 23197: 23194: 23192: 23189: 23187: 23184: 23183: 23181: 23179:Sacred places 23177: 23171: 23168: 23166: 23163: 23161: 23158: 23154: 23151: 23150: 23149: 23146: 23144: 23141: 23140: 23137: 23134: 23132: 23128: 23122: 23119: 23117: 23114: 23112: 23109: 23107: 23104: 23100: 23097: 23096: 23095: 23092: 23090: 23087: 23085: 23082: 23080: 23077: 23075: 23072: 23068: 23065: 23064: 23063: 23060: 23059: 23057: 23054: 23050: 23044: 23041: 23039: 23036: 23034: 23031: 23029: 23026: 23024: 23021: 23019: 23016: 23014: 23011: 23009: 23006: 23004: 23003:Olympic Games 23001: 22999: 22996: 22994: 22993:Homosexuality 22991: 22989: 22986: 22984: 22981: 22979: 22976: 22974: 22971: 22969: 22966: 22964: 22961: 22959: 22956: 22954: 22951: 22949: 22946: 22944: 22941: 22939: 22936: 22935: 22933: 22931: 22927: 22923: 22916: 22913: 22911: 22908: 22907: 22903: 22899: 22885: 22882: 22880: 22877: 22875: 22872: 22871: 22869: 22865: 22859: 22856: 22854: 22851: 22849: 22846: 22844: 22841: 22840: 22838: 22834: 22828: 22825: 22823: 22820: 22818: 22815: 22813: 22810: 22808: 22805: 22803: 22800: 22798: 22795: 22793: 22790: 22788: 22785: 22783: 22780: 22778: 22775: 22773: 22770: 22768: 22765: 22763: 22760: 22758: 22755: 22753: 22750: 22748: 22745: 22743: 22740: 22738: 22735: 22733: 22730: 22728: 22725: 22723: 22720: 22718: 22715: 22713: 22710: 22708: 22705: 22703: 22700: 22698: 22695: 22693: 22690: 22688: 22685: 22684: 22682: 22680: 22676: 22670: 22667: 22665: 22662: 22660: 22657: 22655: 22652: 22650: 22647: 22645: 22642: 22640: 22637: 22635: 22632: 22630: 22627: 22625: 22622: 22620: 22617: 22615: 22612: 22610: 22607: 22605: 22602: 22600: 22597: 22595: 22592: 22590: 22587: 22585: 22582: 22580: 22577: 22575: 22572: 22571: 22569: 22567: 22563: 22557: 22554: 22552: 22549: 22547: 22544: 22542: 22539: 22537: 22534: 22532: 22529: 22527: 22524: 22522: 22519: 22517: 22514: 22513: 22511: 22507: 22501: 22498: 22496: 22493: 22491: 22488: 22486: 22483: 22481: 22478: 22476: 22473: 22471: 22468: 22466: 22463: 22461: 22458: 22456: 22453: 22451: 22448: 22446: 22443: 22441: 22438: 22437: 22435: 22433: 22429: 22425: 22420: 22416: 22412: 22407: 22403: 22389: 22386: 22384: 22381: 22379: 22376: 22374: 22371: 22369: 22366: 22364: 22363:Seleucid army 22361: 22359: 22356: 22354: 22351: 22349: 22346: 22344: 22341: 22339: 22336: 22334: 22331: 22329: 22326: 22324: 22321: 22319: 22316: 22314: 22311: 22309: 22306: 22304: 22301: 22299: 22296: 22294: 22291: 22289: 22286: 22284: 22281: 22277: 22274: 22273: 22272: 22269: 22267: 22264: 22263: 22261: 22259: 22255: 22245: 22242: 22240: 22237: 22236: 22234: 22232: 22228: 22222: 22219: 22217: 22214: 22212: 22209: 22208: 22206: 22204: 22200: 22194: 22191: 22189: 22186: 22184: 22181: 22179: 22176: 22174: 22171: 22169: 22166: 22165: 22163: 22161: 22157: 22151: 22148: 22146: 22143: 22141: 22138: 22136: 22133: 22131: 22128: 22126: 22123: 22121: 22118: 22117: 22114: 22111: 22109: 22105: 22098: 22095: 22092: 22089: 22086: 22083: 22080: 22077: 22074: 22071: 22068: 22065: 22062: 22059: 22056: 22053: 22050: 22047: 22044: 22041: 22038: 22037:Delian League 22035: 22032: 22029: 22026: 22023: 22013: 22010: 22000: 21997: 21994: 21993:Ionian League 21991: 21981: 21978: 21974: 560 BC 21964: 21961: 21960: 21958: 21956: 21951: 21947: 21941: 21938: 21936: 21933: 21931: 21928: 21926: 21923: 21921: 21918: 21916: 21913: 21911: 21908: 21906: 21903: 21901: 21898: 21896: 21893: 21892: 21890: 21886: 21880: 21877: 21875: 21872: 21870: 21867: 21865: 21862: 21860: 21857: 21855: 21852: 21850: 21847: 21845: 21842: 21840: 21837: 21835: 21832: 21830: 21827: 21825: 21822: 21820: 21817: 21815: 21812: 21810: 21807: 21805: 21802: 21800: 21797: 21795: 21792: 21791: 21789: 21787: 21783: 21779: 21772: 21769: 21767: 21764: 21762: 21759: 21758: 21754: 21750: 21736: 21733: 21731: 21728: 21726: 21723: 21721: 21718: 21716: 21715:Magna Graecia 21713: 21711: 21708: 21706: 21703: 21701: 21698: 21696: 21693: 21691: 21688: 21686: 21683: 21681: 21678: 21676: 21673: 21671: 21668: 21666: 21663: 21661: 21658: 21657: 21655: 21653: 21649: 21643: 21640: 21638: 21635: 21633: 21630: 21628: 21625: 21623: 21620: 21618: 21615: 21613: 21610: 21608: 21605: 21604: 21602: 21598: 21594: 21587: 21584: 21582: 21579: 21578: 21574: 21570: 21564: 21561: 21560: 21557: 21553: 21546: 21541: 21539: 21534: 21532: 21527: 21526: 21523: 21506: 21502: 21499: 21495: 21492: 21488: 21487: 21485: 21481: 21474: 21470: 21467: 21466:Night writing 21463: 21460: 21456: 21453: 21449: 21446: 21442: 21441: 21439: 21437: 21432: 21425: 21421: 21418: 21414: 21411: 21407: 21404: 21400: 21397: 21393: 21390: 21386: 21383: 21379: 21378: 21376: 21374:Organisations 21372: 21365: 21361: 21358: 21354: 21351: 21347: 21344: 21340: 21337: 21336:Valentin Haüy 21333: 21330: 21326: 21323: 21319: 21316: 21315:Louis Braille 21312: 21311: 21309: 21305: 21298: 21294: 21291: 21287: 21284: 21280: 21277: 21273: 21270: 21266: 21263: 21259: 21256: 21252: 21249: 21248:Braille watch 21245: 21242: 21238: 21235: 21231: 21228: 21224: 21223: 21221: 21219: 21215: 21208: 21204: 21201: 21197: 21193: 21189: 21186: 21182: 21179: 21175: 21172: 21171:Braille music 21168: 21167: 21165: 21161: 21149: 21145: 21142: 21138: 21135: 21134:Luxembourgish 21131: 21130: 21128: 21124: 21117: 21113: 21110: 21106: 21101: 21097: 21094: 21090: 21087: 21083: 21080: 21076: 21075: 21071: 21070: 21068: 21064: 21056: 21052: 21051: 21049: 21045: 21037: 21033: 21032: 21030: 21026: 21015: 21011: 21007: 21003: 21000: 20996: 20992: 20988: 20985: 20981: 20978: 20974: 20971: 20967: 20963: 20959: 20956: 20952: 20949: 20945: 20942: 20938: 20937: 20935: 20933:Other scripts 20931: 20923: 20919: 20916: 20912: 20909: 20905: 20902: 20898: 20895: 20891: 20888: 20884: 20881: 20877: 20874: 20870: 20867: 20863: 20860: 20856: 20853: 20849: 20848: 20846: 20844: 20837: 20829: 20825: 20822: 20818: 20815: 20811: 20810: 20808: 20805: 20798: 20791: 20787: 20784: 20780: 20777: 20773: 20770: 20766: 20763: 20759: 20756: 20752: 20749: 20745: 20742: 20738: 20737: 20735: 20732: 20725: 20714: 20709: 20706: 20705:Northern Sámi 20702: 20697: 20692: 20687: 20686: 20684: 20680: 20677: 20673: 20670: 20666: 20663: 20659: 20658: 20656: 20654:Nordic family 20652: 20645: 20641: 20638: 20634: 20631: 20627: 20624: 20620: 20617: 20613: 20609: 20605: 20602: 20598: 20595: 20594:South African 20591: 20588: 20584: 20581: 20577: 20574: 20570: 20567: 20563: 20560: 20556: 20553: 20549: 20546: 20542: 20539: 20535: 20532: 20528: 20525: 20521: 20517: 20516:Luxembourgish 20513: 20510: 20506: 20503: 20499: 20496: 20492: 20489: 20485: 20482: 20478: 20475: 20471: 20468: 20464: 20461: 20457: 20454: 20450: 20447: 20443: 20440: 20436: 20433: 20429: 20426: 20422: 20418: 20414: 20410: 20407: 20403: 20400: 20396: 20392: 20388: 20385: 20381: 20378: 20374: 20371: 20367: 20364: 20360: 20359: 20357: 20355: 20351: 20348: 20344: 20337: 20333: 20330: 20329:ASCII braille 20326: 20323: 20319: 20316: 20312: 20311: 20309: 20305: 20297: 20290: 20285: 20283: 20278: 20276: 20271: 20270: 20267: 20263: 20245: 20242: 20240: 20237: 20235: 20232: 20230: 20227: 20225: 20222: 20220: 20217: 20215: 20212: 20210: 20207: 20205: 20202: 20200: 20197: 20195: 20192: 20190: 20187: 20185: 20182: 20180: 20177: 20173: 20170: 20168: 20165: 20163: 20160: 20158: 20155: 20153: 20150: 20148: 20145: 20144: 20143: 20140: 20138: 20135: 20133: 20130: 20128: 20125: 20123: 20120: 20118: 20115: 20113: 20110: 20108: 20105: 20103: 20100: 20098: 20095: 20093: 20090: 20088: 20085: 20083: 20080: 20078: 20075: 20073: 20070: 20069: 20066: 20062: 20057: 20053: 20043: 20040: 20038: 20035: 20033: 20030: 20028: 20025: 20024: 20021: 20017: 20012: 20008: 19994: 19991: 19989: 19986: 19984: 19981: 19979: 19976: 19974: 19971: 19969: 19966: 19965: 19963: 19959: 19953: 19950: 19948: 19945: 19943: 19940: 19938: 19935: 19933: 19930: 19928: 19925: 19924: 19922: 19918: 19914: 19910: 19905: 19901: 19887: 19884: 19883: 19881: 19877: 19871: 19868: 19866: 19863: 19861: 19860:Attic (Greek) 19858: 19856: 19853: 19851: 19848: 19847: 19845: 19841: 19835: 19832: 19830: 19827: 19825: 19822: 19821: 19819: 19815: 19809: 19806: 19804: 19801: 19799: 19798:Proto-Elamite 19796: 19794: 19791: 19789: 19786: 19784: 19781: 19779: 19776: 19774: 19771: 19770: 19768: 19764: 19758: 19755: 19753: 19750: 19748: 19745: 19743: 19740: 19738: 19735: 19733: 19730: 19729: 19727: 19725: 19721: 19711: 19708: 19706: 19703: 19701: 19698: 19696: 19693: 19692: 19690: 19686: 19680: 19677: 19675: 19672: 19670: 19667: 19665: 19662: 19660: 19657: 19653: 19650: 19648: 19645: 19643: 19640: 19639: 19638: 19635: 19633: 19630: 19628: 19625: 19623: 19620: 19618: 19615: 19614: 19612: 19610: 19606: 19603: 19601: 19597: 19593: 19589: 19584: 19580: 19570: 19567: 19565: 19562: 19560: 19557: 19555: 19552: 19550: 19547: 19545: 19542: 19540: 19537: 19535: 19532: 19530: 19527: 19525: 19522: 19520: 19517: 19515: 19512: 19510: 19507: 19505: 19502: 19500: 19497: 19495: 19492: 19490: 19487: 19485: 19482: 19481: 19478: 19474: 19469: 19465: 19451: 19448: 19446: 19443: 19441: 19438: 19436: 19433: 19431: 19428: 19426: 19423: 19422: 19420: 19416: 19410: 19407: 19405: 19402: 19400: 19397: 19395: 19392: 19390: 19387: 19385: 19382: 19380: 19377: 19375: 19372: 19370: 19367: 19365: 19362: 19360: 19357: 19355: 19352: 19350: 19347: 19345: 19342: 19338: 19335: 19333: 19330: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19312:Elder Futhark 19310: 19308: 19305: 19303: 19300: 19298: 19295: 19294: 19293: 19290: 19288: 19285: 19283: 19280: 19278: 19275: 19273: 19270: 19268: 19265: 19263: 19260: 19254: 19251: 19249: 19246: 19244: 19241: 19239: 19236: 19234: 19231: 19230: 19229: 19226: 19225: 19224: 19221: 19219: 19216: 19214: 19211: 19209: 19206: 19204: 19203:Old Hungarian 19201: 19199: 19196: 19194: 19191: 19189: 19186: 19184: 19181: 19179: 19176: 19174: 19171: 19169: 19166: 19164: 19161: 19159: 19156: 19154: 19151: 19149: 19146: 19142: 19139: 19137: 19134: 19132: 19129: 19127: 19124: 19122: 19119: 19117: 19114: 19112: 19109: 19107: 19104: 19102: 19099: 19097: 19094: 19092: 19089: 19087: 19084: 19082: 19079: 19077: 19074: 19073: 19072: 19069: 19067: 19064: 19062: 19059: 19057: 19054: 19052: 19049: 19047: 19044: 19042: 19039: 19037: 19034: 19031: 19027: 19024: 19022: 19019: 19017: 19014: 19012: 19009: 19007: 19004: 19000: 18997: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18986: 18985: 18982: 18980: 18977: 18975: 18972: 18970: 18967: 18965: 18962: 18960: 18957: 18955: 18952: 18950: 18947: 18945: 18942: 18940: 18937: 18935: 18932: 18928: 18925: 18924: 18923: 18920: 18918: 18915: 18911: 18908: 18906: 18903: 18902: 18901: 18898: 18896: 18893: 18891: 18888: 18886: 18883: 18881: 18878: 18876: 18873: 18871: 18868: 18866: 18863: 18861: 18858: 18854: 18851: 18850: 18849: 18846: 18844: 18841: 18839: 18836: 18834: 18831: 18830: 18828: 18824: 18820: 18816: 18811: 18807: 18793: 18790: 18788: 18785: 18783: 18780: 18778: 18775: 18773: 18770: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18758: 18755: 18753: 18750: 18748: 18745: 18743: 18740: 18738: 18737:Masaram Gondi 18735: 18733: 18730: 18728: 18725: 18723: 18720: 18718: 18715: 18713: 18710: 18708: 18707:Gunjala Gondi 18705: 18703: 18700: 18698: 18695: 18693: 18690: 18686: 18683: 18681: 18678: 18677: 18676: 18673: 18671: 18668: 18666: 18663: 18662: 18660: 18656: 18644: 18641: 18639: 18636: 18635: 18634: 18631: 18627: 18624: 18622: 18619: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18597: 18594: 18593: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18572: 18569: 18567: 18564: 18562: 18559: 18557: 18554: 18552: 18549: 18547: 18544: 18542: 18539: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18520: 18519:Old Sundanese 18517: 18516: 18515: 18512: 18510: 18507: 18505: 18502: 18500: 18497: 18495: 18492: 18490: 18487: 18485: 18482: 18480: 18477: 18473: 18470: 18468: 18465: 18464: 18463: 18462:Old Maldivian 18460: 18458: 18455: 18453: 18450: 18446: 18445:Bilang-bilang 18443: 18442: 18441: 18438: 18436: 18433: 18431: 18428: 18426: 18423: 18421: 18418: 18416: 18413: 18409: 18406: 18405: 18404: 18401: 18399: 18396: 18394: 18391: 18389: 18386: 18384: 18381: 18379: 18376: 18374: 18371: 18369: 18366: 18364: 18361: 18359: 18356: 18354: 18351: 18349: 18346: 18344: 18341: 18339: 18336: 18334: 18331: 18329: 18326: 18324: 18321: 18319: 18316: 18314: 18311: 18310: 18308: 18304: 18298: 18295: 18293: 18290: 18286: 18283: 18281: 18278: 18277: 18276: 18273: 18271: 18268: 18266: 18265:Sylheti Nagri 18263: 18261: 18258: 18256: 18253: 18251: 18248: 18246: 18243: 18239: 18236: 18235: 18234: 18231: 18227: 18224: 18222: 18219: 18217: 18214: 18212: 18209: 18207: 18204: 18202: 18199: 18197: 18194: 18192: 18189: 18187: 18184: 18182: 18179: 18177: 18174: 18172: 18169: 18168: 18167: 18164: 18162: 18159: 18157: 18154: 18152: 18149: 18147: 18144: 18142: 18139: 18137: 18134: 18132: 18129: 18127: 18124: 18122: 18119: 18117: 18114: 18112: 18109: 18107: 18104: 18102: 18099: 18097: 18094: 18092: 18089: 18087: 18084: 18082: 18079: 18077: 18074: 18072: 18069: 18067: 18066:Brahmi script 18064: 18062: 18059: 18057: 18054: 18053: 18051: 18047: 18044: 18042: 18038: 18034: 18030: 18025: 18021: 18011: 18008: 18006: 18003: 17999: 17996: 17994: 17991: 17989: 17986: 17985: 17984: 17981: 17979: 17976: 17972: 17969: 17967: 17964: 17963: 17962: 17961:South Arabian 17959: 17957: 17954: 17952: 17949: 17947: 17944: 17942: 17939: 17935: 17932: 17931: 17930: 17927: 17925: 17922: 17918: 17915: 17913: 17910: 17908: 17907:Inscriptional 17905: 17903: 17900: 17899: 17898: 17895: 17893: 17890: 17888: 17885: 17883: 17880: 17878: 17875: 17873: 17870: 17866: 17863: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17853: 17851: 17848: 17847: 17846: 17843: 17841: 17838: 17836: 17833: 17829: 17826: 17825: 17824: 17821: 17817: 17814: 17813: 17812: 17809: 17808: 17805: 17804: 17800: 17799: 17796: 17792: 17787: 17783: 17779: 17775: 17770: 17766: 17756: 17752: 17748: 17745: 17743: 17740: 17738: 17735: 17734: 17733: 17730: 17729: 17727: 17723: 17717: 17714: 17712: 17709: 17708: 17706: 17702: 17698: 17694: 17690: 17683: 17678: 17676: 17671: 17669: 17664: 17663: 17660: 17648: 17645: 17643: 17640: 17638: 17635: 17633: 17630: 17628: 17625: 17623: 17620: 17618: 17615: 17613: 17610: 17608: 17605: 17603: 17600: 17598: 17595: 17593: 17590: 17589: 17587: 17583: 17577: 17574: 17572: 17569: 17567: 17564: 17563: 17561: 17557: 17551: 17548: 17546: 17543: 17541: 17538: 17537: 17535: 17533: 17529: 17523: 17520: 17516: 17512: 17511:Cyrillization 17509: 17507: 17504: 17502: 17499: 17497: 17494: 17492: 17489: 17487: 17484: 17482: 17481:Archaic forms 17479: 17477: 17474: 17473: 17472: 17469: 17467: 17464: 17462: 17459: 17458: 17456: 17452: 17446: 17443: 17441: 17438: 17436: 17433: 17432: 17430: 17426: 17420: 17417: 17415: 17412: 17409: 17405: 17401: 17398: 17397: 17395: 17391: 17381: 17378: 17376: 17373: 17371: 17368: 17366: 17363: 17361: 17358: 17356: 17353: 17351: 17348: 17344: 17343:Griko/Apulian 17341: 17339: 17336: 17335: 17334: 17331: 17329: 17326: 17324: 17321: 17319: 17316: 17314: 17311: 17307: 17306: 17302: 17301: 17300: 17297: 17295: 17294: 17290: 17288: 17287: 17283: 17282: 17280: 17278: 17274: 17268: 17265: 17263: 17260: 17259: 17257: 17255: 17251: 17245: 17242: 17236: 17233: 17231: 17228: 17226: 17223: 17221: 17218: 17217: 17215: 17213: 17210: 17209: 17207: 17201: 17198: 17197: 17196: 17193: 17191: 17188: 17187: 17185: 17179: 17178:Arcadocypriot 17176: 17175: 17174: 17171: 17169: 17166: 17165: 17163: 17162: 17160: 17158: 17154: 17151: 17147: 17140: 17137: 17127: 17124: 17120: 300 BC 17114: 17111: 17101: 17100:Ancient Greek 17098: 17088: 17085: 17075: 17072: 17071: 17069: 17067: 17063: 17057: 17054: 17052: 17049: 17047: 17044: 17042: 17039: 17037: 17034: 17033: 17031: 17027: 17023: 17016: 17011: 17009: 17004: 17002: 16997: 16996: 16993: 16987: 16983: 16982:GFS Typefaces 16980: 16977: 16974: 16972: 16969: 16966: 16963: 16961: 16958: 16955: 16954:archive.today 16951: 16948: 16946: 16943: 16940: 16937: 16934: 16931: 16930: 16919: 16914: 16910: 16908:9780521684958 16904: 16900: 16895: 16894: 16887: 16884: 16878: 16874: 16870: 16865: 16862: 16856: 16852: 16848: 16844: 16840: 16835: 16831: 16825: 16821: 16817: 16812: 16809: 16805: 16801: 16797: 16793: 16789: 16784: 16780: 16774: 16770: 16766: 16762: 16761: 16755: 16751: 16745: 16741: 16740: 16734: 16730: 16725: 16721: 16716: 16712: 16708: 16703: 16699: 16695: 16691: 16687: 16681: 16677: 16673: 16668: 16664: 16662:9781571131997 16658: 16654: 16649: 16648: 16641: 16637: 16633: 16628: 16623: 16618: 16614: 16608: 16604: 16603: 16598: 16594: 16590: 16585: 16581: 16580: 16574: 16570: 16566: 16561: 16557: 16552: 16542:on 2020-08-07 16541: 16537: 16531: 16527: 16523: 16518: 16514: 16509: 16505: 16500: 16496: 16490: 16486: 16481: 16477: 16476: 16471: 16467: 16463: 16458: 16454: 16448: 16444: 16443: 16437: 16427:on 2020-04-28 16423: 16419: 16415: 16411: 16407: 16404:(20): 20–35. 16403: 16399: 16392: 16387: 16384: 16380: 16374: 16370: 16365: 16364: 16357: 16353: 16348: 16344: 16338: 16334: 16329: 16325: 16320: 16316: 16310: 16306: 16305: 16300: 16296: 16295: 16283: 16282:Winterer 2010 16278: 16276: 16274: 16272: 16264: 16258: 16250: 16244: 16230: 16226: 16219: 16205:. 31 May 2021 16204: 16200: 16194: 16178: 16174: 16168: 16152: 16148: 16142: 16126: 16125: 16120: 16114: 16107: 16103: 16100: 16094: 16087: 16082: 16075: 16070: 16064:, p. 11. 16063: 16058: 16051: 16046: 16039: 16038:Miletich 1920 16034: 16028: 16024: 16020: 16016: 16012: 16006: 16000: 15996: 15993: 15987: 15981: 15976: 15968: 15962: 15958: 15954: 15950: 15946: 15942: 15938: 15934: 15930: 15929: 15924: 15923:Rapson, E. J. 15918: 15911: 15906: 15899: 15895: 15891: 15888: 15884: 15880: 15879: 15873: 15866: 15865: 15859: 15852: 15851: 15845: 15838: 15837: 15831: 15824: 15820: 15816: 15812: 15811: 15805: 15798: 15797:Macrakis 1996 15793: 15787: 15783: 15779: 15773: 15767:, p. 156 15766: 15761: 15754: 15753:Thompson 1912 15749: 15747: 15738: 15734: 15730: 15726: 15722: 15718: 15711: 15704: 15699: 15692: 15687: 15685: 15677: 15676:Horrocks 2010 15672: 15666:, p. 26. 15665: 15664:Threatte 1980 15660: 15658: 15656: 15654: 15647:, p. 66. 15646: 15641: 15639: 15637: 15635: 15627: 15622: 15620: 15618: 15616: 15608: 15607:Voutiras 2007 15603: 15601: 15593: 15588: 15579: 15571: 15570: 15562: 15556: 15542: 15535: 15526: 15525: 15519: 15513: 15506: 15501: 15499: 15497: 15489: 15484: 15482: 15474: 15469: 15462: 15457: 15450: 15445: 15438: 15433: 15431: 15423: 15422:archive.today 15419: 15416: 15410: 15404:, p. 93. 15403: 15398: 15391: 15386: 15379: 15353: 15346: 15341: 15339: 15337: 15335: 15320: 15313: 15311: 15303: 15298: 15296: 15294: 15292: 15290: 15288: 15286: 15284: 15282: 15280: 15272: 15267: 15265: 15263: 15248: 15244: 15238: 15231: 15226: 15224: 15222: 15220: 15218: 15216: 15208: 15203: 15201: 15199: 15197: 15195: 15193: 15191: 15183: 15178: 15163: 15159: 15152: 15145: 15140: 15138: 15136: 15134: 15132: 15124: 15119: 15117: 15115: 15113: 15111: 15103: 15098: 15096: 15094: 15092: 15090: 15088: 15086: 15084: 15082: 15080: 15078: 15076: 15074: 15072: 15070: 15068: 15066: 15064: 15062: 15060: 15058: 15056: 15054: 15052: 15050: 15042: 15037: 15035: 15027: 15022: 15015: 15010: 15003: 15002:Horrocks 2006 14998: 14991: 14986: 14984: 14982: 14965: 14960: 14953: 14948: 14941: 14935: 14928: 14927:Johnston 2003 14923: 14921: 14913: 14912:Swiggers 1996 14908: 14904: 14881: 14873: 14856: 14854: 14849: 14839: 14836: 14834: 14831: 14829: 14826: 14824: 14821: 14820: 14814: 14812: 14808: 14804: 14800: 14796: 14792: 14788: 14784: 14770: 14766: 14763: 14760: 14757: 14756: 14752: 14749: 14746: 14743: 14742: 14739:" (= U+0313) 14738: 14734: 14731: 14729: 14726: 14725: 14721: 14717: 14714: 14712: 14709: 14708: 14704: 14700: 14697: 14694: 14691: 14690: 14686: 14682: 14679: 14676: 14673: 14672: 14668: 14665:"dialytika / 14664: 14661: 14658: 14655: 14654: 14650: 14646: 14643: 14640: 14637: 14636: 14632: 14628: 14625: 14622: 14619: 14618: 14614: 14610: 14605: ́ 14601: 14598: 14595: 14594: 14590: 14586: 14581: ̀ 14577: 14574: 14571: 14570: 14566: 14563: 14560: 14557: 14556: 14553: 14551: 14547: 14543: 14526: 14522: 14518: 14514: 14513: 14512: 14508: 14503: 14498: 14493: 14488: 14483: 14478: 14473: 14468: 14463: 14456: 14451: 14446: 14436: 14435: 14432: 14427: 14422: 14417: 14412: 14407: 14402: 14397: 14392: 14387: 14382: 14377: 14372: 14367: 14362: 14357: 14351: 14350: 14347: 14342: 14337: 14330: 14325: 14320: 14315: 14310: 14305: 14296: 14291: 14286: 14281: 14275: 14274: 14271: 14266: 14261: 14256: 14251: 14246: 14241: 14236: 14231: 14226: 14219: 14214: 14209: 14204: 14199: 14193: 14192: 14189: 14184: 14179: 14174: 14169: 14164: 14159: 14154: 14149: 14144: 14137: 14132: 14127: 14122: 14117: 14111: 14110: 14107: 14102: 14097: 14092: 14087: 14082: 14077: 14072: 14067: 14062: 14057: 14052: 14047: 14042: 14037: 14032: 14026: 14025: 14022: 14017: 14012: 14007: 14002: 13997: 13992: 13987: 13982: 13977: 13972: 13967: 13962: 13957: 13952: 13947: 13941: 13940: 13937: 13932: 13927: 13922: 13917: 13912: 13907: 13902: 13897: 13892: 13887: 13882: 13877: 13872: 13867: 13862: 13856: 13855: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13828: 13823: 13818: 13813: 13808: 13803: 13798: 13793: 13788: 13783: 13777: 13776: 13773: 13768: 13763: 13758: 13753: 13748: 13743: 13738: 13733: 13728: 13723: 13718: 13713: 13708: 13703: 13698: 13692: 13691: 13688: 13681: 13674: 13667: 13660: 13655: 13650: 13645: 13640: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13619: 13618: 13611: 13606: 13601: 13596: 13591: 13586: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13546: 13545: 13542: 13537: 13532: 13527: 13522: 13517: 13512: 13507: 13502: 13497: 13492: 13487: 13482: 13477: 13472: 13467: 13461: 13460: 13457: 13452: 13447: 13442: 13437: 13432: 13427: 13422: 13417: 13412: 13407: 13402: 13397: 13392: 13387: 13382: 13376: 13375: 13368: 13363: 13358: 13353: 13348: 13343: 13334: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13314: 13309: 13303: 13302: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13279: 13274: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13249: 13244: 13239: 13234: 13229: 13224: 13218: 13217: 13213: 13210: 13207: 13204: 13201: 13198: 13195: 13192: 13189: 13186: 13183: 13180: 13177: 13174: 13171: 13168: 13165: 13164: 13160: 13156: 13155: 13150: 13139: 13135: 13131: 13127: 13126: 13125: 13121: 13118: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13078: 13073: 13068: 13063: 13058: 13053: 13048: 13043: 13037: 13036: 13033: 13028: 13023: 13018: 13013: 13008: 13003: 12998: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12973: 12968: 12963: 12958: 12952: 12951: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12933: 12928: 12923: 12918: 12913: 12908: 12903: 12898: 12893: 12888: 12883: 12878: 12873: 12867: 12866: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12843: 12838: 12833: 12828: 12823: 12818: 12813: 12808: 12803: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12782: 12781: 12778: 12773: 12768: 12763: 12758: 12753: 12748: 12743: 12738: 12733: 12728: 12723: 12718: 12713: 12708: 12703: 12697: 12696: 12693: 12688: 12683: 12678: 12673: 12668: 12663: 12658: 12653: 12648: 12643: 12638: 12633: 12626: 12621: 12615: 12614: 12611: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12586: 12581: 12576: 12571: 12566: 12561: 12556: 12551: 12546: 12541: 12536: 12530: 12529: 12526: 12521: 12514: 12507: 12502: 12497: 12492: 12487: 12482: 12477: 12463: 12462: 12459: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12425: 12420: 12415: 12410: 12405: 12400: 12395: 12390: 12384: 12383: 12379: 12376: 12373: 12370: 12367: 12364: 12361: 12358: 12355: 12352: 12349: 12346: 12343: 12340: 12337: 12334: 12331: 12330: 12326: 12322: 12321: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12306: 12304: 12299: 12297: 12293: 12288: 12280: 12276: 12272: 12268: 12264: 12260: 12256: 12252: 12248: 12243: 12239: 12235: 12225: 12216: 12214: 12210: 12205: 12203: 12199: 12186: 12182: 12179:or masculine 12178: 12173: 12169: 12151: 12127: 12118: 12114: 12091: 12087: 12083: 12080: 12079: 12074: 12070: 12066: 12063: 12059: 12056: 12038: 12030: 12027: 12023: 12020: 12016: 11999: 11977: 11969: 11965: 11962: 11958: 11954: 11950: 11947: 11943: 11942: 11941: 11939: 11935: 11925: 11923: 11917: 11914: 11903: 11899: 11895: 11879: 11877: 11876: 11872: 11869: 11868: 11864: 11862: 11859: 11856: 11855: 11851: 11849: 11846: 11843: 11842: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11830: 11829: 11825: 11823: 11820: 11817: 11816: 11812: 11810: 11807: 11804: 11803: 11799: 11797: 11794: 11791: 11790: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11778: 11777: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11765: 11764: 11756: 11754: 11753: 11749: 11746: 11745: 11741: 11739: 11736: 11733: 11732: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11720: 11719: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11707: 11706: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11694: 11693: 11689: 11687: 11684: 11681: 11680: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11668: 11667: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11655: 11654: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11642: 11641: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11625: 11624: 11620: 11618: 11615: 11612: 11611: 11607: 11605: 11602: 11599: 11598: 11594: 11592: 11590: 11586: 11582: 11579: 11578: 11574: 11572: 11569: 11566: 11565: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11553: 11552: 11548: 11546: 11543: 11540: 11539: 11535: 11533: 11530: 11527: 11526: 11522: 11520: 11517: 11514: 11513: 11509: 11507: 11506: 11486: 11479: 11472: 11465: 11455: 11453: 11445: 11427: 11423: 11413: 11411: 11407: 11404:Obsolete for 11403: 11400: 11395: 11392: 11389: 11386: 11385: 11381: 11379: 11376: 11373: 11368: 11365: 11362: 11359: 11358: 11354: 11352: 11349: 11346: 11341: 11338: 11335: 11332: 11331: 11327: 11325: 11322: 11319: 11314: 11311: 11308: 11305: 11304: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11292: 11287: 11284: 11281: 11278: 11277: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11265: 11260: 11257: 11254: 11251: 11250: 11246: 11241:Greek letter 11239: 11236: 11228: 11225: 11222: 11219: 11214: 11213: 11210: 11207: 11204: 11201: 11196: 11195: 11192: 11189: 11186: 11183: 11178: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11168: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11148: 11142: 11132: 11130: 11126: 11122: 11118: 11114: 11110: 11106: 11102: 11098: 11094: 11090: 11086: 11082: 11076: 11063: 11059: 11055: 11052: 11049: 11046: 11043: 11040: 11036: 11032: 11029: 11026: 11022: 11018: 11014: 11011: 11008: 11004: 11000: 10996: 10992: 10988: 10985: 10982: 10979: 10978: 10977:Karamanlidika 10973: 10972: 10967: 10963: 10960: 10959: 10954: 10942: 10938: 10934: 10930: 10926: 10923: 10919: 10915: 10911: 10907: 10904: 10900: 10896: 10893: 10889: 10886: 10882: 10878: 10874: 10873: 10864: 10860: 10856: 10852: 10848: 10844: 10841: 10837: 10833: 10829: 10825: 10822:Derived from 10821: 10816: 10810: 10804: 10798: 10797:Kushan Empire 10794: 10790: 10786: 10782: 10779: 10776: 10773: 10769: 10765: 10762: 10758: 10754: 10750: 10747: 10744:The original 10743: 10740: 10739:Hellenization 10736: 10725: 10721: 10717: 10713: 10710: 10706: 10705: 10699: 10685: 10683: 10679: 10671: 10667: 10663: 10660: 10656: 10653: 10649: 10645: 10642: 10638: 10634: 10631: 10627: 10623: 10619: 10616: 10612: 10611: 10610: 10603: 10602: 10595: 10588: 10583: 10569: 10566: 10563: 10559: 10556: 10552: 10549: 10545: 10542: 10538: 10537: 10533: 10530: 10527: 10523: 10520: 10516: 10513: 10509: 10506: 10502: 10501: 10497: 10494: 10491: 10487: 10484: 10480: 10477: 10473: 10470: 10466: 10465: 10461: 10458: 10455: 10451: 10448: 10444: 10441: 10437: 10434: 10430: 10429: 10425: 10422: 10419: 10415: 10412: 10408: 10405: 10401: 10398: 10394: 10393: 10389: 10386: 10383: 10379: 10376: 10372: 10369: 10365: 10362: 10358: 10357: 10353: 10350: 10347: 10343: 10340: 10336: 10333: 10329: 10326: 10322: 10321: 10317: 10314: 10311: 10307: 10304: 10300: 10297: 10293: 10290: 10286: 10285: 10281: 10278: 10275: 10271: 10268: 10264: 10261: 10257: 10254: 10250: 10249: 10245: 10242: 10239: 10235: 10232: 10228: 10225: 10221: 10218: 10214: 10213: 10209: 10206: 10203: 10199: 10196: 10192: 10189: 10185: 10182: 10178: 10177: 10173: 10170: 10167: 10163: 10160: 10156: 10153: 10149: 10146: 10142: 10141: 10137: 10134: 10131: 10127: 10124: 10120: 10117: 10113: 10110: 10106: 10105: 10101: 10098: 10095: 10091: 10088: 10084: 10081: 10077: 10074: 10070: 10069: 10065: 10062: 10059: 10055: 10052: 10048: 10045: 10041: 10038: 10034: 10033: 10029: 10026: 10023: 10019: 10016: 10012: 10009: 10005: 10002: 9998: 9997: 9993: 9990: 9987: 9983: 9980: 9976: 9973: 9969: 9966: 9962: 9961: 9957: 9954: 9951: 9947: 9944: 9940: 9937: 9933: 9930: 9926: 9925: 9921: 9918: 9915: 9911: 9908: 9904: 9901: 9897: 9894: 9890: 9889: 9885: 9882: 9879: 9875: 9872: 9868: 9865: 9861: 9858: 9854: 9853: 9849: 9846: 9843: 9839: 9836: 9832: 9829: 9825: 9822: 9818: 9817: 9813: 9810: 9807: 9803: 9800: 9796: 9793: 9789: 9786: 9782: 9781: 9777: 9774: 9771: 9767: 9764: 9760: 9757: 9753: 9750: 9746: 9745: 9741: 9738: 9735: 9731: 9728: 9724: 9721: 9717: 9714: 9710: 9709: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9689: 9686: 9685: 9682:Modern print 9674: 9671: 9669: 9665: 9660: 9658: 9654: 9650: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9617: 9612: 9606: 9602: 9597: 9591:Letter shapes 9588: 9580: 9576: 9565: 9538: 9530: 9503: 9498: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9484: 9477: 9470: 9467: 9466: 9461: 9428: 9420: 9387: 9379: 9317: 9315: 9312: 9309: 9302: 9295: 9288: 9285: 9284: 9279: 9246: 9238: 9206: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9192: 9185: 9178: 9175: 9174: 9169: 9136: 9128: 9096: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9082: 9075: 9068: 9065: 9064: 9060: 9057: 9054: 9051: 9048: 9045: 9042: 9041: 9030: 9027: 9021: 9018:, was called 9015: 9001: 8993: 8989: 8964: 8957: 8937: 8923: 8921: 8919: 8916: 8903: 8900: 8899: 8892: 8885: 8871: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8851: 8848: 8847: 8842: 8828: 8826: 8824: 8821: 8808: 8805: 8804: 8799: 8785: 8783: 8781: 8778: 8765: 8762: 8761: 8756: 8730: 8728: 8726: 8723: 8710: 8707: 8706: 8702: 8699: 8696: 8693: 8690: 8689: 8678: 8675: 8667: 8650: 8624: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8605: 8602: 8601: 8596: 8570: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8551: 8548: 8547: 8542: 8518: 8510: 8487: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8468: 8465: 8464: 8460: 8457: 8454: 8451: 8448: 8445: 8444: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8416: 8393: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8374: 8371: 8370: 8363: 8356: 8342: 8340: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8323: 8320: 8319: 8314: 8300: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8281: 8278: 8277: 8272: 8257: 8247: 8240: 8223: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8204: 8201: 8200: 8193: 8186: 8160: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8141: 8138: 8137: 8130: 8123: 8100: 8098: 8096: 8093: 8091: 8088: 8081: 8078: 8077: 8070: 8063: 8040: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8021: 8018: 8017: 8010: 8003: 7979: 7971: 7948: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7920: 7899: 7891: 7871: 7869: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7849: 7846: 7845: 7840: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7786: 7763: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7744: 7741: 7740: 7735: 7711: 7703: 7680: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7661: 7658: 7657: 7650: 7643: 7620: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7601: 7598: 7597: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7584: 7581: 7578: 7577: 7566: 7561: 7559: 7535: 7518: 7512: 7508: 7476: 7472: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7452: 7451: 7442: 7441: 7429: 7427: 7423: 7419: 7415: 7412: 7404: 7399: 7396: 7391: 7381: 7378: 7375: 7372: 7369: 7366: 7363: 7360: 7357: 7354: 7351: 7348: 7345: 7342: 7339: 7336: 7333: 7330: 7327: 7324: 7321: 7318: 7315: 7312: 7309: 7306: 7303: 7300: 7297: 7293: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7153: 7149: 7136: 7122: 7118: 7111: 7104: 7103: 7099: 7090:"light blue" 7089: 7085: 7081: 7074: 7067: 7060: 7056: 7036: 7029: 7022: 7015: 7008: 7001: 6994: 6987: 6977: 6970: 6963: 6956: 6949: 6942: 6932: 6925: 6918: 6911: 6904: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6876: 6873: 6872: 6868: 6864: 6861: 6857: 6854: 6850: 6847: 6843: 6840: 6836: 6833: 6829: 6826: 6822: 6819: 6815: 6812: 6808: 6805: 6801: 6798: 6794: 6791: 6787: 6784: 6780: 6777: 6773: 6770: 6763: 6759: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6745: 6742: 6738: 6735: 6731: 6728: 6724: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6710: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6691: 6686: 6676: 6610: 6606: 6601: 6599: 6595: 6590: 6581: 6576: 6566: 6564: 6563: 6562:boustrophedon 6556: 6554: 6553: 6548: 6547: 6542: 6541: 6536: 6535: 6530: 6529: 6516: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6503: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6478: 6475: 6471: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6420: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6404: 6396: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6383: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6367: 6365: 6363: 6358: 6355: 6351: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6325: 6321: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6308: 6304: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6285: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6269: 6267: 6264: 6261: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6238: 6235: 6231: 6227: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6214: 6210: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6197: 6195: 6190: 6187: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6163: 6159: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6139: 6136: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6112: 6108: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6089: 6086: 6082: 6078: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6061: 6060: 6055: 6047: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6034: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6018: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6006: 6005: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5991: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5967: 5963: 5962: 5954: 5945: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5932: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5908: 5904: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5885: 5882: 5878: 5874: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5861: 5857: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5838: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5814: 5810: 5809: 5804: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5791: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5767: 5763: 5762: 5757: 5749: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5736: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5712: 5708: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5689: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5655: 5647: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5610: 5606: 5605: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5593: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5565: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5552: 5550: 5545: 5542: 5539: 5535: 5531: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5518: 5514: 5513: 5508: 5500: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5487: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5463: 5459: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5437: 5433: 5429: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5416: 5412: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5393: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5365: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5346: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5318: 5317: 5312: 5304: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5291: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5267: 5263: 5262: 5254: 5250: 5236: 5235: 5226: 5225: 5216: 5215: 5209: 5207: 5199: 5191: 5187: 5186: 5177: 5173: 5172: 5167: 5166: 5157: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5142: 5138: 5137: 5132: 5131: 5122: 5118: 5117: 5112: 5111: 5106: 5105: 5096: 5095: 5083: 5078: 5074: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5044: 5040: 5026: 5022: 5017: 4997: 4990: 4989: 4985: 4978: 4977: 4974:Ch ch, Kh kh 4973: 4966: 4965: 4961: 4954: 4953: 4949: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4930: 4929: 4925: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4905: 4904: 4900: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4881: 4880: 4876: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4857: 4856: 4852: 4845: 4844: 4840: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4821: 4820: 4816: 4809: 4808: 4804: 4797: 4796: 4792: 4785: 4784: 4780: 4773: 4772: 4768: 4761: 4760: 4756: 4749: 4748: 4744: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4725: 4724: 4720: 4713: 4712: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4506: 4496: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4473:silent letter 4470: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4439: 4434: 4432: 4420: 4412: 4409:indicating a 4408: 4403: 4399: 4396:/aːi,ɛːi,ɔːi/ 4373: 4358: 4342: 4326: 4322: 4321:stress accent 4318: 4298: 4286: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4243: 4239: 4229: 4220: 4210: 4200: 4192: 4188: 4183: 4152: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4138: 4127: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4113: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4094: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4065: 4054: 4053: 4049: 4046: 4035: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4018: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4001: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3970: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3944: 3868: 3864: 3777:, pronounced 3753:, pronounced 3739:, pronounced 3728: 3724: 3714: 3712: 3700: 3693: 3692: 3688: 3680: 3676: 3669: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3640: 3636: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3616: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3596: 3589: 3588: 3584: 3574: 3570: 3563: 3562: 3556: 3549: 3548: 3539: 3535: 3528: 3527: 3523: 3515: 3511: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3476: 3468: 3463: 3459: 3454: 3447: 3443: 3435: 3430: 3426: 3421: 3414: 3411: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3396: 3391: 3384: 3380: 3375: 3371: 3366: 3359: 3356: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3341: 3336: 3329: 3325: 3320: 3316: 3311: 3304: 3301: 3300: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3280: 3277: 3271: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3229: 3228: 3213: 3207: 3200: 3157: 3151: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3114: 3109: 3104: 3092: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3043: 3035: 3027: 3019: 3004: 2991: 2978: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2958: 2950: 2946: 2940: 2939: 2932: 2926: 2919: 2913: 2906: 2900: 2893: 2887: 2880: 2874: 2867: 2861: 2857: 2851: 2850: 2841: 2839: 2833: 2831: 2826: 2822: 2817: 2815: 2814: 2808: 2804: 2799: 2796: 2791: 2788: 2781: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2767: 2764: 2759: 2756: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2735: 2734: 2728: 2726: 2722: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2699: 2695: 2690: 2687: 2682: 2679: 2672: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2661: 2657: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2643: 2639: 2634: 2631: 2626: 2623: 2616: 2615: 2611: 2609: 2603: 2599: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2583: 2581: 2575: 2573: 2567: 2563: 2554: 2548: 2545: 2540: 2537: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2518: 2511: 2506: 2503: 2498: 2495: 2488: 2487: 2466: 2464: 2457: 2455: 2428: 2420: 2415: 2412: 2407: 2404: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2392: 2390: 2382: 2380: 2370: 2362: 2357: 2354: 2349: 2346: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2327: 2320: 2315: 2312: 2307: 2304: 2297: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2290: 2283: 2281: 2275: 2273: 2264: 2259: 2256: 2251: 2248: 2241: 2240: 2237: 2236: 2228: 2225: 2220: 2217: 2210: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2195: 2190: 2187: 2182: 2179: 2172: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2157: 2152: 2149: 2144: 2141: 2134: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2119: 2114: 2111: 2106: 2103: 2096: 2095: 2092: 2091: 2089: 2082: 2080: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2028: 2023: 2020: 2013: 2012: 2008: 2006: 2000: 1996: 1988: 1980: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1955: 1953: 1947: 1943: 1934: 1928: 1925: 1920: 1917: 1910: 1909: 1906: 1904: 1899: 1895: 1890: 1888: 1886: 1881: 1877: 1872: 1869: 1864: 1861: 1854: 1853: 1849: 1847: 1841: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1829: 1827: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1809: 1807: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1789: 1784: 1781: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1763: 1759: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1740: 1738: 1732: 1727: 1719: 1716: 1711: 1708: 1701: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1690: 1689: 1688: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1667: 1662: 1659: 1654: 1651: 1644: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1633: 1629: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1615: 1611: 1606: 1603: 1598: 1595: 1588: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1581: 1574: 1573: 1572: 1565: 1564: 1562: 1556: 1554: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1535: 1529: 1525: 1516: 1511: 1479: 1473: 1471: 1466: 1432: 1424: 1419: 1416: 1411: 1408: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1379: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1363: 1360: 1355: 1352: 1345: 1344: 1340: 1338: 1332: 1328: 1323: 1321: 1319: 1312: 1310: 1304: 1300: 1291: 1285: 1282: 1277: 1274: 1267: 1266: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1244: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1214: 1208: 1204: 1189: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1174: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1125: 1116: 1107: 1098: 1089: 1080: 1070: 1060: 1051: 1042: 1033: 1024: 1015: 1006: 997: 988: 979: 970: 961: 952: 943: 934: 925: 916: 911: 910: 909: 907: 902: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 844: 839: 837: 832: 830: 825: 824: 822: 821: 815: 807: 806: 804: 803: 798: 795: 794: 793: 792: 788: 787: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 763: 762: 761: 757: 756: 750: 744: 742: 736: 734: 728: 727: 724: 717: 714: 712: 709: 708: 705: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 649: 646: 642: 641: 637: 636: 629: 626: 623: 618: 615: 613: 610: 609: 607: 604: 603: 600: 597: 594: 592: 589: 586: 585: 582: 579: 576: 574: 571: 568: 567: 563: 562: 557: 556: 553: 550: 549: 542: 539: 536: 534: 531: 528: 527: 524: 521: 518: 516: 513: 510: 509: 506: 503: 500: 498: 495: 492: 491: 488: 485: 482: 480: 477: 474: 473: 470: 467: 464: 462: 459: 456: 455: 452: 449: 446: 444: 441: 438: 437: 434: 431: 428: 426: 423: 420: 419: 416: 413: 410: 408: 405: 402: 401: 398: 395: 392: 390: 387: 384: 383: 380: 377: 374: 372: 369: 366: 365: 362: 359: 356: 354: 351: 348: 347: 344: 341: 338: 336: 333: 330: 329: 326: 325: 322: 319: 318: 314: 310: 309: 296: 295:U+1F00–U+1FFF 293: 288: 287:U+0370–U+03FF 285: 284: 282: 279: 278:Unicode range 274: 270: 267:Unicode alias 264: 261: 257: 247: 245: 241: 236: 230: 227: 225: 222: 220: 216: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 192: 189: 187: 184: 183: 181: 178:Child systems 175: 164: 163: 162: 159: 158: 157: 154: 153: 152: 148: 142: 137: 134: 131: 127: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 107: 105: 101: 96: 90: 86: 79: 800 BC 73: 67: 63: 59: 55: 49: 44: 39: 33: 30: 19: 24214:Dionysopolis 24184:Abonoteichos 24136:Pantikapaion 23726:Hybla Heraea 23444: 23062:Architecture 23018:Prostitution 22707:Aristophanes 22566:Philosophers 22536:Philosophers 22368:Spartan army 22099:(280–146 BC) 22087:(338–322 BC) 22081:(370–168 BC) 22069:(374–196 BC) 22063:(378–355 BC) 22045:(430–348 BC) 22039:(478–404 BC) 22033:(499–449 BC) 21720:Peloponnesus 21642:Roman Greece 21006:Thai and Lao 20683:Scandinavian 20315:1829 braille 20307:Braille cell 20107:Cypro-Minoan 19973:Pahawh Hmong 19886:Sitelen Pona 19850:Hindu-Arabic 19183:Mundari Bani 19025: 18757:Pahawh Hmong 18566:Tamil-Brahmi 18472:Eveyla Akuru 18467:Dhives Akuru 17934:Paleo-Hebrew 17801: 17737:undeciphered 17515:Romanization 17470: 17365:Romano-Greek 17355:Mariupolitan 17303: 17293:Katharevousa 17291: 17284: 17141:(since 1453) 17139:Modern Greek 17036:Graeco-Aryan 16917: 16892: 16872: 16868: 16850: 16819: 16791: 16787: 16759: 16738: 16728: 16719: 16711:the original 16697: 16675: 16646: 16635: 16631: 16621: 16601: 16588: 16578: 16568: 16564: 16555: 16544:. Retrieved 16540:the original 16525: 16512: 16503: 16484: 16474: 16461: 16441: 16429:. Retrieved 16422:the original 16401: 16397: 16382: 16362: 16351: 16332: 16323: 16303: 16291:Bibliography 16257: 16248: 16243: 16232:. Retrieved 16229:The Guardian 16228: 16218: 16207:. Retrieved 16202: 16193: 16181:. Retrieved 16177:the original 16167: 16155:. Retrieved 16141: 16129:. Retrieved 16127:(in Italian) 16123: 16113: 16101: 16098: 16093: 16081: 16074:Peyfuss 1989 16069: 16057: 16045: 16033: 16018: 16014: 16013:, in series 16010: 16005: 15994: 15991: 15986: 15975: 15927: 15917: 15905: 15897: 15893: 15889: 15886: 15882: 15877: 15872: 15863: 15858: 15849: 15844: 15835: 15830: 15822: 15818: 15814: 15809: 15804: 15792: 15785: 15781: 15777: 15772: 15765:Murdoch 2004 15760: 15720: 15716: 15710: 15698: 15671: 15645:Jeffery 1961 15626:Woodard 2010 15594:, p. 4. 15587: 15578: 15567: 15555: 15544:. Retrieved 15534: 15523: 15512: 15468: 15456: 15444: 15409: 15397: 15385: 15352: 15347:, p. 13 15322:. Retrieved 15304:, p. 12 15250:. Retrieved 15246: 15237: 15232:, p. 11 15177: 15165:. Retrieved 15162:ResearchGate 15161: 15151: 15125:, p. 10 15028:, p. 31 15021: 15014:Woodard 2008 15009: 14997: 14990:Coulmas 1996 14959: 14954:, p. 9. 14947: 14939: 14934: 14907: 14863:and omicron 14781: 14613:acute accent 14589:grave accent 14567:Description 14540: 14525: 14517: 14510: 13152: 13138: 13130: 13123: 12318: 12307: 12300: 12289: 12278: 12267:dialectology 12245: 12222: 12206: 12195: 12089: 12076: 12073:lunate sigma 11931: 11918: 11891: 11873: 11750: 11583: 11503: 11467: 11451: 11419: 11233: 11164: 11153:is known as 11144: 11078: 11009:) in Greece. 10975: 10971:Karamanlides 10969: 10948:Early modern 10929:South Slavic 10838:featured an 10808: 10755:, including 10707:Most of the 10696: 10675: 10608: 9676:Inscription 9661: 9625: 9621: 9615: 9572: 9019: 8999: 8991: 8987: 8973: 8665: 8657: 8613: 8559: 8476: 8423: 8382: 8331: 8289: 8212: 8149: 8089: 8029: 7937: 7857: 7803: 7752: 7669: 7609: 7555: 7474: 7470: 7469:the name of 7467: 7462: 7458: 7448: 7438: 7435: 7432:Letter names 7400: 7387: 7105:"dark blue" 6700: 6684: 6677:: a form of 6602: 6593: 6586: 6560: 6557: 6550: 6544: 6538: 6532: 6526: 6524: 6359: 6191: 6140: 5546: 5232: 5222: 5212: 5210: 5183: 5169: 5163: 5153: 5147: 5134: 5128: 5121:glottal stop 5114: 5108: 5102: 5092: 5086: 5036: 4678: 4508: 4499:Romanization 4492: 4482: 4466: 4457: 4435: 4416: 4411:vowel hiatus 4406: 4359: 4317:pitch accent 4285:grave accent 4273:acute accent 4269:katharevousa 4262: 4249: 4237: 4198: 3949:Combination 3720: 3708: 3487: 3483: 3246: 3226: 3224: 3206: 3150: 3130: 3116: 3102: 3091: 2975:The letters 2949: 2930: 2925: 2917: 2912: 2904: 2899: 2894:γεγραμμένος. 2891: 2886: 2878: 2873: 2865: 2860: 2837: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2812: 2810: 2773: 2771: 2740: 2739: 2737: 2732: 2730: 2717: 2702: 2701: 2664: 2663: 2646: 2645: 2612:, but short 2607: 2605: 2588: 2586: 2579: 2577: 2571: 2569: 2522: 2520: 2462: 2460: 2453: 2452: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2378: 2376: 2331: 2329: 2288: 2286: 2284: 2279: 2277: 2271: 2270: 2234: 2232: 2202: 2201: 2164: 2163: 2126: 2125: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2078: 2076: 2063: 2048: 2046: 2009:, but short 2004: 2002: 1961: 1959: 1951: 1949: 1902: 1901: 1884: 1883: 1850:, but short 1845: 1843: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1810:, but long 1805: 1803: 1766: 1765: 1747: 1745: 1736: 1734: 1722:or possibly 1693: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1673: 1636: 1635: 1618: 1617: 1579: 1577: 1575: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1552: 1550: 1530: 1520: 1477: 1469: 1468: 1393: 1392: 1375: 1374: 1341:, but short 1336: 1334: 1317: 1315: 1308: 1306: 1216: 1197:Sound values 1175: 1155:Modern Greek 1132: 903: 854: 852: 560: 320: 47: 29: 24362:Place names 24274:Salmydessus 24096:Kalos Limen 24076:Chersonesus 24066:Borysthenes 23771:Tauromenion 23583:Metapontion 23345:Proto-Greek 23298:Erechtheion 23293:Athena Nike 23255:Philippeion 23084:Mathematics 23055:and science 22938:Agriculture 22802:Stesichorus 22712:Bacchylides 22702:Archilochus 22589:Antisthenes 22579:Anaximander 22551:Seven Sages 22541:Playwrights 22521:Geographers 22516:Astronomers 22343:Pezhetairos 21970: 1100 21950:Federations 21849:Megalopolis 21786:City states 21761:City states 21505:RoboBraille 21329:Róża Czacka 21269:Perforation 21066:Independent 20964:(Bhutanese) 20699:Greenlandic 20370:Azerbaijani 20172:Jindai moji 20061:Syllabaries 20032:SignWriting 19932:Celtiberian 19834:Hieroglyphs 19637:Seal script 19622:Traditional 19494:Blissymbols 19399:Warang Citi 19374:Tolong Siki 19327:Marcomannic 19307:Dalecarlian 19297:Anglo-Saxon 19277:Pau Cin Hau 19168:Medefaidrin 19121:Merovingian 19081:Blackletter 18989:Asomtavruli 18782:Warang Citi 18591:Ulu scripts 18536:New Tai Lue 18479:Mon–Burmese 18333:Bhattiprolu 18161:Nandinagari 17988:ʾEsṭrangēlā 17747:constructed 17622:Place names 17496:Orthography 17305:Misthiotika 17299:Cappadocian 17113:Koine Greek 17094: 1600 17081: 2900 17074:Proto-Greek 16967:(Alan Wood) 16025:; see also 15935:. pp. 15402:Dickey 2007 15390:Dickey 2007 15146:, p. 3 15144:Groton 2013 15104:, p. 5 14785:code pages 12279:represented 12177:numero sign 12170:The letter 12115:The letter 12067:The letter 12060:The letter 12031:The symbol 11966:The letter 11951:The letter 11446:is ⟨ 11121:2020 season 11117:2005 season 11081:mathematics 10991:Moschopolis 10922:velar nasal 10899:Old Ossetic 10870:Middle Ages 10859:uncial form 10793:Afghanistan 10587:abecedarium 9679:Manuscript 9668:Renaissance 8998:was called 7511:back vowels 5956:Phoenician 5256:Phoenician 5113:) and (Υ, 5037:During the 4913:R r, Rh rh 4495:, "that"). 3867:velar nasal 3210:The letter 3154:The letter 3095:The letter 2517:Unaspirated 2326:Unaspirated 2043:unaspirated 1182:mathematics 1143:letter case 873:as well as 70:Time period 57:Script type 24434:Categories 24264:Polemonion 24141:Phanagoria 24111:Kimmerikon 24106:Kerkinitis 24091:Hermonassa 24081:Dioscurias 23977:Aspalathos 23924:Kalathousa 23899:Akra Leuke 23828:Phoenicusa 23613:Scylletium 23598:Poseidonia 23518:Brentesion 23405:Pamphylian 23400:Macedonian 23318:Samothrace 23303:Hephaestus 23250:Long Walls 23229:Structures 23170:Underworld 23116:Technology 23079:Literature 23013:Philosophy 22978:Euergetism 22867:By culture 22812:Thucydides 22654:Pythagoras 22649:Protagoras 22639:Parmenides 22624:Heraclitus 22609:Empedocles 22599:Democritus 22584:Anaximenes 22574:Anaxagoras 22526:Historians 22019: 595 22006: 550 21987: 800 21972: – c. 21900:Cappadocia 21705:Ionian Sea 21695:Hellespont 21660:Aegean Sea 21057:(obsolete) 21038:(obsolete) 20830:(Pakistan) 20741:Belarusian 20623:Vietnamese 20566:Portuguese 20552:Philippine 20509:Lithuanian 20162:Hentaigana 20157:Man'yōgana 19617:Simplified 19504:Ersu Shaba 19418:Non-linear 19223:Old Uyghur 19213:Old Permic 19208:Old Italic 19141:Visigothic 19076:Beneventan 19011:Glagolitic 18974:Gadabuursi 18638:Kolezhuthu 18633:Vatteluttu 18571:Tanchangya 18494:Saurashtra 18071:Devanagari 17929:Phoenician 17882:Manichaean 17532:Literature 17501:Diacritics 17244:Pamphylian 17235:Macedonian 17216:Northwest 17133: 330 17107: 800 16546:2018-09-29 16431:2011-10-30 16234:2021-06-01 16209:2021-06-01 16131:20 October 16086:Elsie 1991 15931:. London: 15546:2012-07-15 15324:2016-09-29 15252:2023-10-25 15182:Hinge 2001 15167:25 October 15041:Adams 1987 14900:References 14720:circumflex 14647:"vrachy / 12296:ISO 8859-7 11247:Uppercase 11087:and other 11007:Arvanitika 10964:spoken by 10863:Old Nubian 10824:Indo-Greek 10731: 800 10688:Other uses 9706:Uppercase 9639:since the 7558:media help 6617:stood for 5245:and Ψ for 5141:pharyngeal 5123:consonant 4692:), by the 4654:as either 4389:ᾱι, ηι, ωι 4295:), or the 4203:Diacritics 3727:diphthongs 3253:/pʰ,tʰ,kʰ/ 2400:Σ σ/ς 1169:) and the 1159:diacritics 1147:modern era 881:and early 875:consonants 645:Diacritics 211:Old Italic 191:Glagolitic 24350:in Epirus 24299:Trapezous 24244:Mesambria 24229:Eupatoria 24199:Apollonia 24194:Anchialos 24156:Theodosia 24126:Nymphaion 24116:Myrmekion 24086:Gorgippia 24042:Black Sea 24027:Tragurion 24012:Nymphaion 23997:Epidauros 23992:Epidamnos 23982:Apollonia 23959:Zacynthos 23881:Ptolemais 23875:Apollonia 23848:Cyrenaica 23838:Therassía 23833:Strongyle 23813:Ereikousa 23736:Leontinoi 23676:Apollonia 23553:Hipponion 23350:Mycenaean 23313:Parthenon 23245:Lion Gate 23148:Mythology 23111:Sculpture 23074:Astronomy 23008:Pederasty 22983:Festivals 22968:Education 22848:Lawgivers 22817:Timocreon 22797:Sophocles 22792:Simonides 22767:Philocles 22762:Panyassis 22757:Mimnermus 22722:Herodotus 22717:Euripides 22687:Aeschylus 22634:Leucippus 22594:Aristotle 22373:Strategos 22239:Synedrion 22193:Ostracism 22173:Areopagus 22125:Free city 21920:Macedonia 21804:Byzantion 21710:Macedonia 21675:Cyrenaica 21652:Geography 21586:Geography 21473:Vibratese 21452:Moon type 21445:Decapoint 21126:Eight-dot 21079:Cantonese 21028:Reordered 20991:Inuktitut 20880:Malayalam 20790:Ukrainian 20769:Mongolian 20748:Bulgarian 20711:Norwegian 20676:Icelandic 20467:Hungarian 20425:Esperanto 20377:Cantonese 19961:Redundant 19773:Anatolian 19724:Cuneiform 19652:bird-worm 19588:Logograms 19559:Testerian 19473:Ideograms 19450:Moon type 19337:Staveless 19228:Mongolian 19173:Molodtsov 19131:Sütterlin 18999:Mkhedruli 18865:Bassa Vah 18815:Alphabets 18787:Mwangwego 18752:Mwangwego 18727:Kharosthi 18680:Blackfoot 18643:Malayanma 18514:Sundanese 18509:Sukhothai 18457:Malayalam 18408:Khom Thai 18368:Goykanadi 18292:Tocharian 18245:ʼPhags-pa 18116:Khudabadi 18061:Bhaiksuki 17956:Samaritan 17887:Nabataean 17742:inventors 17545:Byzantine 17522:Greeklish 17393:Phonology 17370:Tsakonian 17323:Himariote 17173:Mycenaean 17149:Varieties 17096:–1100 BC) 17083:–1600 BC) 16418:161805678 16106:full text 16023:full text 16017:(LAMINE) 15999:full text 15737:0024-3841 15723:: 15–57. 14952:Cook 1987 14833:Palamedes 14667:diaeresis 14587:"varia / 14558:Combining 14542:Combining 12263:philology 12255:epigraphy 12249:supports 12152:φ 12128:ϕ 12100:Υ 12039:ϖ 12000:ε 11978:ϵ 11934:minuscule 11414:Ɩ U+0196 11382:Ʊ U+01B1 11355:Ɑ U+2C6D 11328:Ɛ U+0190 11301:Ɣ U+0194 11151:Centaurus 11135:Astronomy 11101:summation 10933:Bulgarian 10877:mordovkas 10702:Antiquity 9703:Lowercase 9699:Minuscule 9690:Classical 9664:minuscule 9657:ascenders 9649:book hand 9628:majuscule 7426:Macedonia 7418:overthrow 7414:Eucleides 6874:Southern 6655:/o,oː,ɔː/ 6639:/e,eː,ɛː/ 4950:Y y, U u 4829:C c, K k 4696:, by the 4419:diaeresis 4247:homograph 3276:aspirates 1171:diaeresis 883:Classical 704:Ligatures 244:ISO 15924 238:ISO 15924 229:Anatolian 213:and thus 129:Languages 88:Direction 24399:Category 24377:Theatres 24304:Tripolis 24239:Kerasous 24234:Heraclea 24166:Tyritake 24121:Nikonion 24032:Thronion 23954:Salauris 23909:Emporion 23866:Berenice 23856:Balagrae 23808:Euonymos 23781:Tyndaris 23766:Syracuse 23761:Selinous 23731:Kamarina 23686:Casmenae 23671:Akrillai 23588:Neápolis 23523:Caulonia 23504:Mainland 23435:Linear B 23430:Linear A 23360:Dialects 23337:Language 23131:Religion 23089:Medicine 23023:Religion 22988:Folklore 22973:Emporium 22948:Clothing 22943:Calendar 22827:Xenophon 22822:Tyrtaeus 22807:Theognis 22782:Polybius 22777:Plutarch 22752:Menander 22732:Hipponax 22659:Socrates 22614:Epicurus 22460:Diadochi 22358:Sciritae 22318:Hetairoi 22293:Ballista 22258:Military 22221:Gerousia 22211:Ekklesia 22178:Ecclesia 22160:Athenian 22108:Politics 22021:–279 BC) 22008:–366 BC) 21989:–389 BC) 21925:Pergamon 21895:Bithynia 21888:Kingdoms 21829:Pergamon 21771:Military 21766:Politics 21563:Timeline 21109:Japanese 20970:Georgian 20962:Dzongkha 20948:Armenian 20866:Gujarati 20731:Cyrillic 20662:Estonian 20637:Yugoslav 20573:Romanian 20545:Nigerian 20460:Hawaiian 20446:Ghanaian 20363:Albanian 20224:Sumerian 20189:Linear B 20152:Katakana 20147:Hiragana 20097:Cherokee 20027:ASLwrite 19988:Bopomofo 19843:Numerals 19829:Hieratic 19788:Isthmian 19757:Sumerian 19737:Assyrian 19732:Akkadian 19389:Vithkuqi 19364:Tifinagh 19332:Medieval 19287:Pisidian 19282:Phrygian 19253:Vagindra 19198:Ol Chiki 19106:Interlac 19061:Kayah Li 19051:Jenticha 19006:Veso Bey 18994:Nuskhuri 18984:Georgian 18954:Formosan 18949:Etruscan 18944:Enochian 18900:Cyrillic 18885:Coelbren 18843:Armenian 18742:Meroitic 18732:Mandombe 18722:Jenticha 18586:Tigalari 18551:Tai Viet 18546:Tai Tham 18526:Tagbanwa 18378:Javanese 18328:Baybayin 18318:Balinese 18306:Southern 18201:Pracalit 18196:Pachumol 18171:Bhujimol 18131:Mahajani 18091:Gurmukhi 18081:Gujarati 18049:Northern 18029:Abugidas 18010:Ugaritic 17998:Maḏnḥāyā 17872:Tifinagh 17865:Solitreo 17803:Numerals 17716:Grapheme 17704:Overview 17627:Proverbs 17466:Linear B 17408:teaching 17164:Central 17122:–AD 330) 17109:–300 BC) 16696:(1989). 16599:(2013). 16571:: 4–128. 16472:(1961). 16301:(1987). 16151:Archived 16121:(1524). 15925:(1908). 15780:, pp. 51 15520:(2010). 15418:Archived 15374:⟩ 15368:⟨ 15364:⟩ 15358:⟨ 14859:Epsilon 14817:See also 14502:῾ 14497:´ 14492:ῼ 14487:Ώ 14482:Ὼ 14477:Ό 14472:Ὸ 14467:ῷ 14462:ῶ 14455:ῴ 14450:ῳ 14445:ῲ 14431:` 14426:΅ 14421:῭ 14416:Ῥ 14411:Ύ 14406:Ὺ 14401:Ῡ 14396:Ῠ 14391:ῧ 14386:ῦ 14381:ῥ 14376:ῤ 14371:ΰ 14366:ῢ 14361:ῡ 14356:ῠ 14346:῟ 14341:῞ 14336:῝ 14329:Ί 14324:Ὶ 14319:Ῑ 14314:Ῐ 14309:ῗ 14304:ῖ 14295:ΐ 14290:ῒ 14285:ῑ 14280:ῐ 14270:῏ 14265:῎ 14260:῍ 14255:ῌ 14250:Ή 14245:Ὴ 14240:Έ 14235:Ὲ 14230:ῇ 14225:ῆ 14218:ῄ 14213:ῃ 14208:ῂ 14203:῁ 14198:῀ 14188:᾿ 14183:ι 14178:᾽ 14173:ᾼ 14168:Ά 14163:Ὰ 14158:Ᾱ 14153:Ᾰ 14148:ᾷ 14143:ᾶ 14136:ᾴ 14131:ᾳ 14126:ᾲ 14121:ᾱ 14116:ᾰ 14106:ᾯ 14101:ᾮ 14096:ᾭ 14091:ᾬ 14086:ᾫ 14081:ᾪ 14076:ᾩ 14071:ᾨ 14066:ᾧ 14061:ᾦ 14056:ᾥ 14051:ᾤ 14046:ᾣ 14041:ᾢ 14036:ᾡ 14031:ᾠ 14021:ᾟ 14016:ᾞ 14011:ᾝ 14006:ᾜ 14001:ᾛ 13996:ᾚ 13991:ᾙ 13986:ᾘ 13981:ᾗ 13976:ᾖ 13971:ᾕ 13966:ᾔ 13961:ᾓ 13956:ᾒ 13951:ᾑ 13946:ᾐ 13936:ᾏ 13931:ᾎ 13926:ᾍ 13921:ᾌ 13916:ᾋ 13911:ᾊ 13906:ᾉ 13901:ᾈ 13896:ᾇ 13891:ᾆ 13886:ᾅ 13881:ᾄ 13876:ᾃ 13871:ᾂ 13866:ᾁ 13861:ᾀ 13847:ώ 13842:ὼ 13837:ύ 13832:ὺ 13827:ό 13822:ὸ 13817:ί 13812:ὶ 13807:ή 13802:ὴ 13797:έ 13792:ὲ 13787:ά 13782:ὰ 13772:Ὧ 13767:Ὦ 13762:Ὥ 13757:Ὤ 13752:Ὣ 13747:Ὢ 13742:Ὡ 13737:Ὠ 13732:ὧ 13727:ὦ 13722:ὥ 13717:ὤ 13712:ὣ 13707:ὢ 13702:ὡ 13697:ὠ 13687:Ὗ 13680:Ὕ 13673:Ὓ 13666:Ὑ 13659:ὗ 13654:ὖ 13649:ὕ 13644:ὔ 13639:ὓ 13634:ὒ 13629:ὑ 13624:ὐ 13610:Ὅ 13605:Ὄ 13600:Ὃ 13595:Ὂ 13590:Ὁ 13585:Ὀ 13576:ὅ 13571:ὄ 13566:ὃ 13561:ὂ 13556:ὁ 13551:ὀ 13541:Ἷ 13536:Ἶ 13531:Ἵ 13526:Ἴ 13521:Ἳ 13516:Ἲ 13511:Ἱ 13506:Ἰ 13501:ἷ 13496:ἶ 13491:ἵ 13486:ἴ 13481:ἳ 13476:ἲ 13471:ἱ 13466:ἰ 13456:Ἧ 13451:Ἦ 13446:Ἥ 13441:Ἤ 13436:Ἣ 13431:Ἢ 13426:Ἡ 13421:Ἠ 13416:ἧ 13411:ἦ 13406:ἥ 13401:ἤ 13396:ἣ 13391:ἢ 13386:ἡ 13381:ἠ 13367:Ἕ 13362:Ἔ 13357:Ἓ 13352:Ἒ 13347:Ἑ 13342:Ἐ 13333:ἕ 13328:ἔ 13323:ἓ 13318:ἒ 13313:ἑ 13308:ἐ 13298:Ἇ 13293:Ἆ 13288:Ἅ 13283:Ἄ 13278:Ἃ 13273:Ἂ 13268:Ἁ 13263:Ἀ 13258:ἇ 13253:ἆ 13248:ἅ 13243:ἄ 13238:ἃ 13233:ἂ 13228:ἁ 13223:ἀ 11436:⟩ 11430:⟨ 11424:for the 11089:sciences 11064:in 1524. 10995:Monastir 10987:Albanian 10927:Various 10832:Chastana 10828:Nahapana 10807:for the 10805:⟩ 10801:⟨ 10757:Thracian 10720:Phrygian 10709:Iron Age 10682:Georgian 10678:Armenian 10630:Etruscan 9310:upsilon 9200:omicron 9188:ὀ μικρόν 9090:epsilon 9061:English 9052:English 9020:y psilon 9000:e psilon 8988:o mikron 8703:English 8694:English 8461:English 8452:English 7594:English 7585:English 7483:besides 7087:Eastern 7058:Western 6877:"green" 6660:Ο, ΟΥ, Ω 6644:Ε, ΕΙ, Η 6600:(1867). 5069:used in 5063:alphabet 5043:Linear B 4670:⟩ 4664:⟨ 4652:⟩ 4646:⟨ 4634:⟩ 4628:⟨ 4624:⟩ 4618:⟨ 4604:⟨ 4596:⟩ 4590:⟨ 4574:⟩ 4568:⟨ 4564:⟩ 4558:⟨ 4542:⟩ 4536:⟨ 4532:⟩ 4526:⟨ 4518:⟩ 4512:⟨ 4392:⟩ 4386:⟨ 4382:⟩ 4376:⟨ 4368:⟩ 4362:⟨ 4193:– 4180:⟩ 4174:⟨ 4170:⟩ 4164:⟨ 4160:⟩ 4154:⟨ 4148:– 4135:⟩ 4129:⟨ 4123:– 4110:⟩ 4104:⟨ 4098:– 4091:⟩ 4085:⟨ 4081:⟩ 4075:⟨ 4069:– 4062:⟩ 4056:⟨ 4050:– 4043:⟩ 4037:⟨ 4026:⟩ 4020:⟨ 4009:⟩ 4003:⟨ 3992:⟩ 3986:⟨ 3980:– 3967:⟩ 3961:⟨ 3941:⟩ 3935:⟨ 3931:⟩ 3925:⟨ 3921:⟩ 3915:⟨ 3911:⟩ 3905:⟨ 3901:⟩ 3895:⟨ 3887:⟩ 3881:⟨ 3877:⟩ 3871:⟨ 3859:⟩ 3853:⟨ 3849:⟩ 3843:⟨ 3839:⟩ 3833:⟨ 3829:⟩ 3823:⟨ 3819:⟩ 3813:⟨ 3809:⟩ 3803:⟨ 3799:⟩ 3793:⟨ 3789:⟩ 3783:⟨ 3775:⟩ 3769:⟨ 3765:⟩ 3759:⟨ 3751:⟩ 3745:⟨ 3731:⟨ 3723:digraphs 3294:Ancient 3285:Ancient 3238:⟩ 3232:⟨ 3221:⟩ 3215:⟨ 3199:compound 3195:⟩ 3189:⟨ 3185:⟩ 3179:⟨ 3175:⟩ 3169:⟨ 3165:⟩ 3159:⟨ 3012:⟩ 3006:⟨ 2999:⟩ 2993:⟨ 2986:⟩ 2980:⟨ 2852:Examples 1220:phonemic 1165:accent ( 814:Category 776:Albanian 766:Bactrian 723:Numerals 224:Georgian 206:Armenian 196:Cyrillic 62:Alphabet 24419:Outline 24372:Temples 24309:Zaliche 24289:Thèrmae 24279:Sesamus 24249:Odessos 24224:Cytorus 24219:Cotyora 23969:Illyria 23934:Mainake 23929:Kypsela 23818:Hycesia 23776:Thermae 23756:Segesta 23746:Messana 23701:Helorus 23681:Calacte 23661:Akragas 23623:Sybaris 23608:Rhegion 23563:Krimisa 23513:Alision 23422:Writing 23395:Locrian 23385:Epirote 23355:Homeric 23288:Artemis 23275:Temples 23216:Olympia 23186:Eleusis 23121:Theatre 23106:Pottery 23033:Warfare 23028:Slavery 22963:Economy 22958:Cuisine 22953:Coinage 22930:Society 22915:Culture 22910:Society 22858:Tyrants 22697:Alcaeus 22679:Authors 22629:Hypatia 22619:Gorgias 22556:Writers 22378:Toxotai 22348:Sarissa 22338:Peltast 22333:Phalanx 22313:Hoplite 22308:Hippeis 22231:Macedon 22203:Spartan 22188:Heliaia 22135:Proxeny 21844:Larissa 21839:Kerkyra 21834:Eretria 21824:Miletus 21819:Ephesus 21814:Corinth 21809:Chalcis 21730:Taurica 21600:Periods 21581:History 21014:Tibetan 20955:Burmese 20941:Amharic 20924:(India) 20901:Sinhala 20894:Punjabi 20873:Kannada 20821:Persian 20776:Russian 20716:Swedish 20694:Finnish 20669:Faroese 20644:Zambian 20616:Turkish 20601:Spanish 20524:Maltese 20502:Latvian 20495:Italian 20474:Iñupiaq 20453:Guarani 20413:English 20384:Catalan 20301:⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑ 20296:Braille 20179:Kikakui 20117:Eskayan 20102:Cypriot 19952:Dunging 19824:Demotic 19803:Tenevil 19747:Hittite 19742:Elamite 19695:Jurchen 19674:Sawndip 19669:Chữ Nôm 19569:Zapotec 19564:Yerkish 19539:Nsibidi 19524:Miꞌkmaw 19514:Isotype 19484:Adinkra 19425:Braille 19409:Zaghawa 19379:Vellara 19359:Sunuwar 19349:Sidetic 19344:Shavian 19272:Osmanya 19262:Ol Onal 19116:Kurrent 19101:Insular 19091:Fraktur 19066:Klingon 19056:Kaddare 19030:Archaic 18939:Elbasan 18927:Chinook 18917:Deseret 18905:Bosnian 18860:Avoiuli 18848:Avestan 18838:Ariyaka 18767:Tengwar 18665:Bharati 18626:Serawai 18616:Pasemah 18601:Lampung 18556:Lai Tay 18541:Tai Noi 18504:Sinhala 18484:Pallava 18452:Makasar 18440:Lontara 18415:Kulitan 18388:Kannada 18383:Kadamba 18373:Hanunoo 18363:Grantha 18358:Fakkham 18275:Tibetan 18260:Soyombo 18255:Siddhaṃ 18250:Sharada 18226:Litumol 18216:Tirhuta 18206:Ranjana 18191:Kvemmol 18151:Multani 18136:Marchen 18101:Kalinga 18041:Brahmic 17978:Sogdian 17917:Psalter 17897:Pahlavi 17877:Mandaic 17855:Cursive 17840:Elymaic 17811:Aramaic 17607:Exonyms 17540:Ancient 17506:Braille 17476:History 17435:Ancient 17428:Grammar 17400:Ancient 17375:Yevanic 17333:Italiot 17318:Cypriot 17286:Demotic 17230:Locrian 17225:Epirote 17220:Achaean 17200:Homeric 17157:Ancient 17066:Periods 16808:4352343 15896:as the 15572:. 2010. 15541:"Greek" 14971:stick'. 14737:koronis 14602:( 14578:( 14561:Spacing 14437:U+1FFx 14352:U+1FEx 14276:U+1FDx 14194:U+1FCx 14112:U+1FBx 14027:U+1FAx 13942:U+1F9x 13857:U+1F8x 13778:U+1F7x 13693:U+1F6x 13620:U+1F5x 13547:U+1F4x 13462:U+1F3x 13377:U+1F2x 13304:U+1F1x 13219:U+1F0x 13117:Ͽ 13112:Ͼ 13107:Ͻ 13102:ϼ 13097:ϻ 13092:Ϻ 13087:Ϲ 13082:ϸ 13077:Ϸ 13072:϶ 13067:ϵ 13062:ϴ 13057:ϳ 13052:ϲ 13047:ϱ 13042:ϰ 13038:U+03Fx 13032:ϯ 13027:Ϯ 13022:ϭ 13017:Ϭ 13012:ϫ 13007:Ϫ 13002:ϩ 12997:Ϩ 12992:ϧ 12987:Ϧ 12982:ϥ 12977:Ϥ 12972:ϣ 12967:Ϣ 12962:ϡ 12957:Ϡ 12953:U+03Ex 12947:ϟ 12942:Ϟ 12937:ϝ 12932:Ϝ 12927:ϛ 12922:Ϛ 12917:ϙ 12912:Ϙ 12907:ϗ 12902:ϖ 12897:ϕ 12892:ϔ 12887:ϓ 12882:ϒ 12877:ϑ 12872:ϐ 12868:U+03Dx 12862:Ϗ 12857:ώ 12852:ύ 12847:ό 12842:ϋ 12837:ϊ 12832:ω 12827:ψ 12822:χ 12817:φ 12812:υ 12807:τ 12802:σ 12797:ς 12792:ρ 12787:π 12783:U+03Cx 12777:ο 12772:ξ 12767:ν 12762:μ 12757:λ 12752:κ 12747:ι 12742:θ 12737:η 12732:ζ 12727:ε 12722:δ 12717:γ 12712:β 12707:α 12702:ΰ 12698:U+03Bx 12692:ί 12687:ή 12682:έ 12677:ά 12672:Ϋ 12667:Ϊ 12662:Ω 12657:Ψ 12652:Χ 12647:Φ 12642:Υ 12637:Τ 12632:Σ 12625:Ρ 12620:Π 12616:U+03Ax 12610:Ο 12605:Ξ 12600:Ν 12595:Μ 12590:Λ 12585:Κ 12580:Ι 12575:Θ 12570:Η 12565:Ζ 12560:Ε 12555:Δ 12550:Γ 12545:Β 12540:Α 12535:ΐ 12531:U+039x 12525:Ώ 12520:Ύ 12513:Ό 12506:Ί 12501:Ή 12496:Έ 12491:· 12486:Ά 12481:΅ 12476:΄ 12464:U+038x 12458:Ϳ 12453:; 12448:ͽ 12443:ͼ 12438:ͻ 12433:ͺ 12424:ͷ 12419:Ͷ 12414:͵ 12409:ʹ 12404:ͳ 12399:Ͳ 12394:ͱ 12389:Ͱ 12385:U+037x 12292:Unicode 12277:can be 12247:Unicode 12213:Unicode 12086:upsilon 11968:epsilon 11957:drachma 11938:Unicode 11900:at the 11809:upsilon 11725:omicron 11585:digamma 11571:epsilon 11476:for 6, 11471:digamma 11363:upsilon 11309:epsilon 11085:physics 11031:Surguch 10962:Turkish 10914:Makuria 10851:Demotic 10834:of the 10778:Gaulish 9687:Archaic 9653:cursive 9633:papyrus 9575:Cypriot 9382:, also 9298:ὐ ψιλόν 9195:ὄμικρον 9131:, some 9078:ἐ ψιλόν 9032:Letter 8680:Letter 8554:ξεῖ, ξῖ 8435:Letter 8154:lambda 7568:Letter 7509:before 7461:became 7420:of the 6647:), and 6552:digamma 6388:upsilon 6039:omicron 5549:digamma 5492:epsilon 5231:and Ψ ( 5176:digamma 5171:epsilon 5155:omicron 5139:); the 5119:); the 5116:upsilon 5010:Origins 5005:History 4706:Letter 4690:ISO 843 4556:); and 4462:Spanish 4450:Musaeum 4365:α, η, ω 4283:), the 4263:In the 3869:; thus 3580:) > 3500:Modern 3497:Ancient 3412:Dorsal 3357:Dental 3302:Labial 3297:Modern 3291:Letter 3288:Modern 3282:Letter 3274:Former 3268:Former 3265: 3249:/b,d,g/ 3113:Unicode 3070:), and 2549:Short: 2539:upsilon 2431:before 2255:όμικρον 2250:omicron 1929:Short: 1653:epsilon 1286:Short: 1192:Letters 1186:science 1151:Ancient 879:Archaic 617:Digamma 573:Digamma 552:History 469:Upsilon 407:Epsilon 379:Omicron 260:Unicode 83:present 24409:Portal 24357:People 24345:Cities 24284:Sinope 24269:Rhizos 24259:Phasis 24209:Bathus 24204:Athina 24189:Amisos 24151:Tanais 24146:Pityus 24071:Charax 24022:Pharos 24017:Orikon 23914:Helike 23904:Alonis 23871:Cyrene 23803:Didyme 23716:Himera 23691:Catana 23653:Sicily 23643:Thurii 23638:Terina 23603:Pixous 23558:Hydrus 23533:Croton 23365:Aeolic 23283:Aphaea 23206:Dodona 23191:Delphi 23160:Temple 22836:Others 22787:Sappho 22772:Pindar 22747:Lucian 22742:Ibycus 22727:Hesiod 22664:Thales 22432:Rulers 22411:People 22388:Xyston 22383:Xiphos 22244:Koinon 22150:Tyrant 22140:Stasis 22130:Koinon 21930:Pontus 21905:Epirus 21874:Sparta 21864:Rhodes 21859:Megara 21854:Thebes 21799:Athens 21725:Pontus 21690:Epirus 21680:Cyprus 21665:Aeolis 21434:Other 21307:People 21297:Braigo 21116:Korean 20984:Hebrew 20915:Telugu 20814:Arabic 20804:Arabic 20762:Kyrgyz 20755:Kazakh 20689:Danish 20587:Slovak 20580:Samoan 20559:Polish 20538:Navajo 20439:German 20432:French 20299: 20244:Yugtun 20234:Woleai 20184:Kpelle 20167:Sōgana 20087:Byblos 19865:Muisca 19783:Cretan 19752:Luwian 19710:Tangut 19529:Mixtec 19499:Dongba 19404:Yezidi 19394:Wancho 19369:Todhri 19322:Gothic 19302:Cipher 19243:Manchu 19233:Evenki 19218:Orkhon 19163:Manchu 19158:Lydian 19153:Lycian 19096:Gaelic 19046:Hanifi 19041:Hangul 19016:Gothic 18964:Fraser 18959:Fox II 18895:Coptic 18870:Carian 18853:Pazend 18826:Linear 18772:Thaana 18717:Sarati 18658:Others 18621:Rejang 18606:Lembak 18596:Incung 18576:Telugu 18531:Tai Le 18425:Langdi 18348:Chakma 18238:Karani 18211:Tamyig 18186:Kummol 18181:Himmol 18176:Golmol 18156:Nagari 18141:Meitei 18126:Lepcha 18111:Khojki 18096:Kaithi 17983:Syriac 17971:Musnad 17850:Ashuri 17845:Hebrew 17828:Elifba 17823:Arabic 17816:Hatran 17791:Abjads 17550:Modern 17404:accent 17360:Pontic 17350:Maniot 17313:Cretan 17277:Modern 17168:Aeolic 17135:–1453) 16905: 16879: 16857: 16826: 16806: 16775: 16746: 16682: 16659: 16655:–170. 16609: 16532: 16491: 16449: 16416: 16375: 16339: 16311: 16183:May 5, 16157:May 5, 15963: 15885:& 15817:& 15735: 15717:Lingua 14805:, and 14761:U+037A 14758:U+0345 14747:U+0385 14744:U+0344 14727:U+0343 14710:U+0342 14695:U+02BD 14692:U+0314 14677:U+02BC 14674:U+0313 14659:U+00A8 14656:U+0308 14641:U+02D8 14638:U+0306 14631:macron 14623:U+00AF 14620:U+0304 14596:U+0301 14575:U+0060 14572:U+0300 14564:Sample 13166: 13161:(PDF) 12332: 12327:(PDF) 12271:macron 12240:, and 12200: 11673:lambda 11589:stigma 11505:keraia 11401:U+0269 11393:U+03B9 11374:U+028A 11366:U+03C5 11347:U+0251 11339:U+03B1 11320:U+025B 11312:U+03B5 11293:U+0263 11285:U+03B3 11266:U+0278 11258:U+03C6 11223:U+03C7 11205:U+03B8 11187:U+03B2 11171:serifs 11013:Gagauz 10924:sound. 10892:Arabic 10885:Moksha 10855:Coptic 10811:sound 9694:Uncial 9645:uncial 9492:omega 9480:ὠ μέγα 9305:ὔψιλον 9085:ἔψιλον 8992:o mega 8691:Greek 8618:siɡma 8560:samekh 8446:Greek 8150:lamedh 8144:λάμβδα 8094:kappa 7942:theta 7808:delta 7804:daleth 7757:gamma 7614:alpha 7579:Greek 7486:λάμβδα 7440:ʾaleph 7411:archon 7061:"red" 6675:Euboia 6609:Athens 5972:samekh 5959:Greek 5843:lambda 5819:lamedh 5421:daleth 5259:Greek 5237:) for 5227:) for 5217:) for 5097:) and 5067:abjads 4986:Ps ps 4962:Ph ph 4805:Th th 4444:257 – 4431:hiatus 4394:(i.e. 3767:, and 3762:ηι, ωι 3494:Letter 3108:λάμβδα 3103:lambda 3030:, and 3001:, and 2881:γραφή. 2558:Long: 2544:ύψιλον 2129:antern 2045:as in 1938:Long: 1658:έψιλον 1563:ellow; 1295:Long: 1232:Letter 1163:stress 871:vowels 771:Coptic 515:Lambda 201:Coptic 186:Gothic 115:Cyprus 110:Greece 24367:Stoae 24335:Lists 24254:Oinòe 24177:coast 24175:South 24161:Tyras 24131:Olbia 24101:Kepoi 24054:coast 24052:North 24045:basin 23987:Aulon 23949:Rhode 23861:Barca 23751:Naxos 23706:Henna 23666:Akrai 23633:Taras 23618:Siris 23578:Medma 23573:Locri 23538:Cumae 23528:Chone 23506:Italy 23412:Koine 23390:Ionic 23380:Doric 23375:Attic 23196:Delos 23094:Music 22737:Homer 22692:Aesop 22644:Plato 22546:Poets 22216:Ephor 22168:Agora 22145:Tagus 22120:Boule 21869:Samos 21794:Argos 21700:Ionia 21685:Doris 21670:Crete 21150:(GS8) 21141:Kanji 20999:Khmer 20977:Greek 20908:Tamil 20841:i.e. 20802:i.e. 20783:Tatar 20729:i.e. 20630:Welsh 20531:Māori 20488:Irish 20406:Dutch 20399:Czech 20209:Nüshu 20077:Bamum 20072:Afaka 19879:Other 19870:Roman 19855:Abjad 19778:Bagam 19679:Bowen 19664:Kanji 19659:Hanja 19647:small 19642:large 19549:Olmec 19519:Kaidā 19509:Emoji 19489:Aztec 19292:Runic 19267:Osage 19248:Oirat 19193:Ogham 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