1989:
2321:
1035:
1504:
2288:
2424:
2367:
217:
7533:
2671:
3100:
7543:
1661:, the Iranians had the protection of geography. But high mountains and the vast emptiness of the Iranian plateau were no longer enough to shield Iran from the Russian army or British navy. Both literally, and figuratively, Iran shrank. At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Afghanistan were Iranian, but by the end of the century, all this territory had been lost as a result of European military action."
2127:
87:
3086:
46:
1769:
1631:. In centuries past, Iranian rule once stretched westward into modern Iraq and beyond. When the western world complains of Iranian interference beyond its borders, the Iranian government often convinced itself that it is merely exerting its influence in lands that were once its own. Simultaneously, Iran's losses at the hands of outside powers have contributed to a sense of grievance that continues to the present day."
2702:
2302:. Because they needed to control the Persian Gulf trade route, the Parthians established garrisons along the southern coast of the Persian Gulf. through warfare and economic distress, been reduced to only 60. The influence of Iran was further undermined at the end of the 18th century when the ideological power struggle between the Akhbari-Usuli strands culminated in victory for the Usulis in Bahrain.
2223:
149:
1009:
2309:, ending over one hundred years of Persian hegemony in Bahrain. The Omani invasion began a period of political instability and a quick succession of outside rulers took power with consequent destruction. According to a contemporary account by theologian, Sheikh Yusuf Al Bahrani, in an unsuccessful attempt by the Persians and their Bedouin allies to take back Bahrain from the
2576:, dominated the ancient middle east for millennia, which explains the great influence of Mesopotamia on the Iranian culture and history, and it is also the reason why the later Iranian and Greek dynasties chose Mesopotamia to be the political center of their rule. For a period of around 500 years, what is now Iraq formed the core of Iran, with the Iranian
1120:, under whom the local populaces gradually incorporated some degree of Iranian influence into their cultural and/or linguistic traditions; or alternatively as where a considerable number of Iranians settled to still maintain communities who patronize their respective cultures, geographically corresponding to the areas surrounding the
1967:
are by far the second-largest ethnicity in Iran, and comprise the largest community of ethnic
Azerbaijanis in the world, vastly outnumbering the number in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Both nations are the only officially Shia majority in the world, with adherents of the religion comprising an absolute
5013:
Persian remained the language of most of the sedentary people as well as that of the chancery until the 15th century and thereafter, as attested by Ḥāfeẓ-e Abru (d. 1430) who said, "The majority of inhabitants of Iraq know
Persian and Arabic, and from the time of the domination of Turkic people the
2271:
as governor. Shapur constructed a new city there and named it Batan
Ardashir after his father. At this time, it incorporated the southern Sassanid province covering the Persian Gulf's southern shore plus the archipelago of Bahrain. The southern province of the Sassanids was subdivided into three
3980:
Mīr Khvānd, Muḥammad ibn Khāvandshāh, Tārīkh-i rawz̤at al-ṣafā. Taṣnīf Mīr Muḥammad ibn Sayyid Burhān al-Dīn Khāvand Shāh al-shahīr bi-Mīr Khvānd. Az rū-yi nusakh-i mutaʻaddadah-i muqābilah gardīdah va fihrist-i asāmī va aʻlām va qabāyil va kutub bā chāphā-yi digar mutamāyiz mībāshad. Markazī-i
3961:
George Lane, "Daily Life in the Mongol Empire", Greenwood
Publishing Group, 2006. pg 10" The year following 1260 saw the empire irrevocably split but also signaled the emergence of the two greatest achievements of the house of Chinggis, namely the Yuan dynasty of greater China and the Il-Khanid
3412:
I use the term Iran in an historical contextPersia would be used for the modern state, more or less equivalent to "western Iran". I use the term "Greater Iran" to mean what I suspect most
Classicists and ancient historians really mean by their use of Persia—that which was within the political
5014:
Turkish language has also found currency: as the city people and those engaged in trade and crafts are
Persophone, the Bedouins are Arabophone, and the governing classes are Turkophone. But, all three peoples (qawms) know each other's languages due to the mixture and amalgamation."
3948:. pg 307: "Dialectically, Old Persian is regarded as a southwestern Iranian language in contrast to the east Iranian Avestan which covered most of the rest of Greater Iran. However, it is important to note that during the Achaemeid era, the official language of the empire was
1595:"Many Iranians consider their natural sphere of influence to extend beyond Iran's present borders. After all, Iran was once much larger. Portuguese forces seized islands and ports in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the 19th century, the Russian Empire wrested from
1646:"Iran today is just a rump of what it once was. At its height, Iranian rulers controlled Iraq, Afghanistan, Western Pakistan, much of Central Asia, and the Caucasus. Many Iranians today consider these areas part of a greater Iranian sphere of influence."
1807:, remain, despite strong assimilation over the years, still visible in several North Caucasian cities. Even today, after decades of partition, some of these regions retain Iranian influences, as seen in their old beliefs, traditions and customs (e.g.
2496:
between 1920 and 1940. In the 1920s, local
Persian merchants were prominently involved in the consolidation of Bahrain's first powerful lobby with connections to the municipality in an effort to contest the municipal legislation of British control.
2506:, which is consumed in Southern Iran as well. It is a watery, earth-brick-coloured sauce made from sardines, and consumed with bread or other food. Bahrain's Persians are also famous in Bahrain for bread-making. Another local delicacy is
3952:, which was the mother tongue of the ancient , since it was the language of literature, religion, and science at that time. language had a great impact on Persian and survived as the dominant language in the middle east until the .
2990:
Following the fall of the Ba'athist regime in 2003 and the empowerment of Iraq's majority Shī'i community, relations with Iran have flourished in all fields. Iraq is today Iran's largest trading partner in regard to non-oil goods.
3930:
J.M. Cook, "The Rise of the
Achaemenids and Establishment of Their Empire" in Ilya Gershevitch, William Bayne Fisher, J. A. Boyle "Cambridge History of Iran", Vol 2. pg 250. Excerpt: "To the Greeks, Greater Iran ended at the
2384:. The Bani Utibah tribe from Zubarah exceeded in taking over Bahrain after war broke out in 1782. Persian attempts to reconquer the island in 1783 and in 1785 failed; the 1783 expedition was a joint Persian-
1334:
in the 3rd century CE, the idea of "Irān" had an ethnic, linguistic, and religious value, it did not yet have a political import. The idea of an "Iranian" empire or kingdom in a political sense is a purely
4875:—the last was maintained as their most important capital, the fixed winter quarters, the central office of bureaucracy, exchanged only in the heat of summer for some cool spot in the highlands. Under the
2620:—the last was maintained as their most important capital, the fixed winter quarters, the central office of bureaucracy, exchanged only in the heat of summer for some cool spot in the highlands. Under the
2351:. The invasion brought the island back under central rule and to challenge Oman in the Persian Gulf. He sought help from the British and Dutch, and he eventually recaptured Bahrain in 1736. During the
4942:
throughout Iran's history the western part of the land has been frequently more closely connected with the lowlands of
Mesopotamia than with the rest of the plateau to the east of the central deserts.
5054:
See: محمدی ملایری، محمد: فرهنگ ایران در دوران انتقال از عصر ساسانی به عصر اسلامی، جلد دوم: دل ایرانشهر، تهران، انتشارات توس 1375.: Mohammadi
Malayeri, M.: Del-e Iranshahr, vol. II, Tehran 1375 Hs.
2408:, when he invaded the island under the pretext that Bahrain did not pay taxes owed. The Bani Utbah solicited the aid of Bushire to expel the Omanis on the condition that Bahrain would become a
1963:
Many localities in this region bear Persian names or names derived from Iranian languages and Azerbaijan remains by far Iran's closest cultural, religious, ethnic, and historical neighbor.
6035:
2187:
regions of China harbored a Tajik population and culture. Chinese Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County was always counted as a part of the Iranian cultural & linguistic continent with
5064:
2812:
During the medieval ages, Mesopotamian and Iranian peoples knew each other's languages because of trade, and because Arabic was the language of religion and science at that time. The
2098:
in Iran are all remnants of the old Khorasan. Until the 13th century and the devastating Mongol invasion of the region, Khorasan was considered the cultural capital of Greater Iran.
1495:
takes a geographical approach in referring to the "historical and cultural" entity of "Greater Iran" as "areas of Iran, parts of Afghanistan, and Chinese and Soviet Central Asia".
4691:
4674:
2267:, the first ruler of the Iranian Sassanid dynasty marched to Oman and Bahrain and defeated Sanatruq (or Satiran), probably the Parthian governor of Bahrain. He appointed his son
6025:
1876:
Intimately and inseparably intertwined histories for millennia, Iran irrevocably lost the territory that is nowadays Azerbaijan in the course of the 19th century. With the
1554:
continuously advancing south in the course of two wars against Persia, and the treaties of Turkmenchay and Gulistan in the western frontiers, plus the unexpected death of
7660:
2305:
An Afghan uprising led by Hotakis of Kandahar at the beginning of the 18th century resulted in the near-collapse of the Safavid state. In the resultant power vacuum,
4343:
992:
4221:
1960:, among which the territory of the contemporary republic of Azerbaijan were Iranian territory until they were occupied by Russia in the course of the 19th century.
2343:, sought to re-assert Persian sovereignty in Bahrain. He ordered Latif Khan, the admiral of the Persian navy in the Persian Gulf, to prepare an invasion fleet in
2313:
Omanis, much of the country was burnt to the ground. Bahrain was eventually sold back to the Persians by the Omanis, but the weakness of the Safavid empire saw
2749:
Between the coming of the Abbasids and the Mongol onslaught , Iraq and western Iran shared a closer history than did eastern Iran and its western counterpart.
2500:
Bahrain's local Persian community has heavily influenced the country's local food dishes. One of the most notable local delicacies of the people in Bahrain is
4977:
Between the coming of the 'Abbasids and the Mongol onslaught, Iraq and western Iran shared a closer history than did eastern Iran and its western counterpart.
7665:
5128:
1948:, and the Mughan region to Russia. All these territories together, lost in 1813 and 1828 combined, constitute all of the modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan,
1378:
A general assumption is often made that the various Iranian peoples of 'greater Iran'—a cultural area that stretched from Mesopotamia and the Caucasus into
7633:
2059:
believe Khwarazm to be the "most likely locale" corresponding to the original home of the Avestan people, while Dehkhoda calls Khwarazm "the cradle of the
1873:
usually shared the same history from the time of ancient Media (ninth to seventh centuries b.c.) and the Persian Empire (sixth to fourth centuries b.c.).
4275:
1343:
clergy, as we can deduce from the available evidence. This convergence gave rise to the idea of an Ērān-šahr "Kingdom of the Iranians", which was "ēr" (
7194:
6047:
1988:
4190:
7300:
4729:
James Onley, The Politics of Protection in the Gulf: The Arab Rulers and the British Resident in the Nineteenth Century, Exeter University, 2004 p44
2066:
Superimposed on and overlapping with Chorasmia was Khorasan which roughly covered nearly the same geographical areas in Central Asia (starting from
4369:
4328:
3388:
6714:
6705:
6449:
5961:
2782:
1398:
among others—were all 'Zoroastrians' in pre-Islamic times... This view, even though common among serious scholars, is almost certainly overstated
5074:
5946:
3306:"Reitzenstein and Qumrân Revisited by an Iranian, Richard Nelson Frye, The Harvard Theological Review, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Oct. 1962), pp. 261–268"
2137:
97:
8341:
7638:
3461:
985:
4248:
6237:
4010:
1454:
spoke Southwestern Iranian languages in the Achaemenid era while the Eastern territory spoke Eastern Iranian languages related to Avestan.
1368:
Iran means all lands and peoples where Iranian languages were and are spoken, and where in the past, multi-faceted Iranian cultures existe
6015:
4959:
Iranian Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War; Part II. Conceptual Dimensions; 7. National, Ethnic, and Sectarian Issues in the Iran–Iraq War
3074:, an Iranian people who inhabited much of western Iran, including Azerbaijan and Kurdistan, might have been forefathers of modern Kurds.
350:
2462:
were originally derived from the Persian language, suggesting that Persians had a substantial effect on the island's history. The local
8280:
6383:
5899:
4747:
2401:
2252:. From the 3rd century BC to the arrival of Islam in the 7th century AD, the island was controlled by two other Iranian dynasties, the
5099:
2560:
is considered the cradle of civilization and the place where the first empires in history were established. These empires, namely the
2492:, or because they feared for their lives after fighting the English or to find jobs. They were coming to Bahrain from Bushehr and the
1638:
7746:
3527:
Persia lost all its territories to the north of the Aras River, which included all of Georgia, and parts of Armenia and Azerbaijan.
1969:
1836:
978:
8366:
7972:
5934:
2968:
2964:
2263:
In the 3rd century AD, the Sassanids succeeded the Parthians and controlled the area for four centuries until the Arab conquest.
1364:
much of the Caucasus, Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Central Asia, with cultural influences extending to China and western India
8346:
7894:
6559:
6410:
6173:
3607:
4302:
8391:
7579:
6905:
6735:
6680:
6549:
6415:
5313:
5282:
5264:
5242:
5039:
4970:
4935:
4844:
4807:
4757:
4552:
4507:
4486:
4420:
4395:
4353:
4312:
4285:
4258:
4231:
4204:
4150:
4122:
4094:
4066:
3945:
3903:
3617:
3578:
3548:
3520:
3494:
A Collection of Treaties, Engagements, and Sunnuds, Relating to India and Neighbouring Countries: Persia and the Persian Gulf
3448:
3372:
2396:. Due to internal difficulties, the Persians could not attempt another invasion. In 1799, Bahrain came under threat from the
3568:
2145:
1803:, and common Persian names amongst the ethnic peoples of Dagestan. The ethnic Persian population of the North Caucasus, the
105:
8351:
8254:
7680:
6067:
6057:
5129:
http://www.iranicaonline.org/newsite/index.isc?Article=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/unicode/v9f5/v9f553c.html#v
2298:
By about 130 BC, the Parthian dynasty brought the Persian Gulf under their control and extended their influence as far as
1972:
during exactly the same time in history. Furthermore, the name of "Azerbaijan" is derived through the name of the Persian
8396:
8361:
7925:
7265:
7215:
6941:
6475:
5228:
1026:
8129:
8109:
7955:
6490:
6479:
6424:
6372:
6227:
6030:
3350:
2484:
Historian Nasser Hussain says that many Iranians fled their native country in the early 20th century due to a law king
2184:
3921:, "Religions of the Silk Road: Premodern Patterns of globalization", Palgrave Macmillan, rev. 2nd edition, 2010. pg 27
8005:
6920:
6864:
6844:
6660:
6635:
6531:
6455:
6357:
5987:
5829:
2170:
1933:
1881:
1562:(Mirza AbolQasem Qa'im Maqām), many Central Asian khanates began losing hope for any support from Persia against the
199:
130:
73:
6754:
8376:
8356:
7385:
6951:
3009:
1928:. These Khanates comprise most of what is today the Republic of Azerbaijan and Dagestan in Southern Russia. In the
3971:
Judith G. Kolbas, "The Mongols in Iran", Excerpt from 399: "Uljaytu, Ruler of Greater Iran from 1304 to 1317 A.D."
3940:
Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London and Chicago: Fitzroy-Dearborn,
8099:
6895:
6435:
6271:
6266:
6005:
5632:
679:
159:
8094:
7708:
7500:
7325:
7205:
7189:
6675:
6610:
6511:
6460:
6232:
6183:
6168:
6072:
6062:
6042:
5834:
5493:
3794:
2306:
1615:
lost much of his claim to western Afghanistan following the Anglo-Iranian war of 1856-1857. Only in 1970 did a
430:
17:
7133:
5904:
5844:
4627:
Conflict and Cooperation: Zoroastrian Subalterns and Muslim Elites in ... By Jamsheed K. Choksy, 1997, page 75
4555:
4436:
Litvinskij, B. A.; Pichikian, I. R. (1994). "The Hellenistic Architecture and Art of the Temple of the Oxus".
2320:
2035:. Modern scholars believe Khwarazm to be what ancient Avestic texts refer to as "Ariyaneh Waeje" or Iran vij.
1422:, the goddess of the waters, but also many others—depending on the time, place, and particular group concerned
8197:
8104:
7359:
6800:
6783:
6690:
6665:
6521:
6429:
6419:
3179:
3159:
3059:
2995:
1747:
1603:, and part of Georgia. Iranian elementary school texts teach about the Iranian roots not only of cities like
1491:
450:
59:
2899:
There are still cities and provinces in Iraq where the Persian names of the city are still retained – e.g.,
2797:
in western Iran still bears the region's old name, and Iranians still traditionally call the region between
2232:
From the 6th century BC to the 3rd century BC, Bahrain was a prominent part of the Persian Empire under the
8124:
8114:
8089:
7967:
7363:
7199:
6915:
6655:
6645:
6393:
6249:
5849:
3658:
2727:
Throughout Iran's history the western part of the land has been frequently more closely connected with the
2481:
amongst other subjects. According to the 1905 census, there were 1650 Bahraini citizens of Persian origin.
2388:
invasion force that never left Bushehr. The 1785 invasion fleet, composed of forces from Bushehr, Rig, and
7129:
4993:
3989:. Iranshahr stretches from the Euphrates to the Oxus, and it is the center of the prosperity of the World.
3867:
2347:. The Persians invaded in March or early April 1736 when the ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh Jubayr, was away on
8401:
8119:
7650:
7154:
7148:
7099:
6910:
6740:
6619:
6244:
4962:
2766:
and later centuries, is the fact that the two regions came to share the same name. The western region of
1709:
divided their empires into Iraqi and Khorasani regions. This point can be observed in many books such as
1133:
Throughout the 16th–19th centuries, Iran lost many of the territories that had been conquered under the
8326:
8238:
7788:
7369:
6830:
6695:
6163:
5941:
5839:
5234:
4836:
3392:
2355:
era, Persian control over Bahrain waned and in 1753, Bahrain was occupied by the Sunni Persians of the
2095:
3841:
1936:, the result was even more disastrous, and resulted in Iran being forced to cede the remainder of the
8321:
8180:
7778:
7572:
7473:
7064:
6834:
6615:
6541:
6403:
6378:
6301:
6052:
5951:
5894:
5306:
4196:
4142:
4114:
4086:
3005:
2043:, which was the capital of ancient Khwarazm for many years, was actually "Ourva": the eighth land of
619:
610:
3765:
8336:
8331:
7874:
7184:
6974:
6854:
6805:
6777:
6640:
6178:
6092:
5821:
4690:
The Autobiography of Yūsuf al-Bahrānī (1696–1772) from Lu'lu'at al-Baḥrayn, from the final chapter
4383:
2112:
2087:
1142:
1034:
3679:
3469:
3023:
respectively. In the same way, many Iraqis were born in Iran or have ancestors from Iran, such as
2412:
of Persia. In 1800, Sayyid Sultan invaded Bahrain again in retaliation and deployed a garrison at
7768:
7415:
7389:
7380:
7250:
7210:
6814:
6750:
6710:
6445:
6296:
6153:
6112:
5370:
3815:
2535:
2141:
2091:
259:
101:
35:
5140:
5001:
4520:
4163:
3427:
2817:
1126:
8214:
7909:
7670:
7505:
7144:
6885:
6840:
6564:
6526:
6254:
6010:
4054:
2584:
empire having their capital in what is modern-day Iraq for the same centuries-long time span. (
2405:
2013:
1600:
1210:
460:
5199:
1327:), which the Greeks called 'Aria' (a land listed separately from the homeland of the Aryans).
8371:
8017:
7984:
7935:
7852:
7698:
6793:
6745:
6720:
6440:
6188:
5966:
5884:
5501:
5458:
4186:
3423:
3144:
3002:
1929:
1862:
1832:
1824:
1804:
1763:
1759:
1186:
8381:
8284:
8068:
7879:
7703:
7645:
7617:
7565:
7344:
7246:
7139:
7079:
7054:
7033:
7013:
6986:
6788:
6730:
6625:
6388:
6353:
6117:
5299:
5107:
4526:
3149:
3124:
2900:
2854:
2052:
1856:
31:
4774:
1472:, according to Judith G. Kolbas, was the ruler of this expanse between 1304 and 1317 A.D.
8:
8233:
8084:
8056:
8049:
7962:
7862:
7857:
7084:
6773:
6506:
6398:
5997:
5992:
5956:
5889:
5738:
5426:
5028:
Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion: Case Studies from Iranian, Semitic and Turkic
4895:. It is indeed symbolic that these new foundations were built from the bricks of ancient
4038:
3891:
3720:
3640:
2640:. It is indeed symbolic that these new foundations were built from the bricks of ancient
2359:-based Al Madhkur family, who ruled Bahrain in the name of Persia and paid allegiance to
2249:
2063:
people" (مهد قوم آریا). Today Khwarazm is split between several central Asian republics.
1941:
1743:
1359:
1320:
1194:
779:
380:
3492:
3440:
2552:
Throughout history, Iran always had strong cultural ties with the region of present-day
2466:
dialect has also borrowed many words from the Persian language. Bahrain's capital city,
8386:
8264:
8259:
7945:
7836:
7816:
7602:
7448:
7410:
7355:
7350:
7255:
7170:
6810:
6670:
6630:
6470:
6465:
6363:
6348:
6107:
5909:
5730:
5699:
5592:
5349:
5181:
4457:
4363:
4322:
3333:
3325:
3174:
3154:
2116:
1977:
1877:
1840:
1820:
1755:
1751:
1503:
1170:
1162:
859:
839:
592:
249:
2423:
166:
8152:
8061:
7869:
7736:
7729:
7542:
7458:
7375:
7281:
7271:
7180:
7089:
7074:
7069:
7038:
7028:
7018:
7008:
6995:
6850:
6554:
6368:
6306:
6281:
6261:
6211:
6131:
5979:
5608:
5600:
5525:
5477:
5278:
5260:
5238:
5035:
4989:
4966:
4931:
4840:
4803:
4753:
4548:
4503:
4482:
4449:
4416:
4391:
4349:
4308:
4281:
4254:
4227:
4200:
4146:
4118:
4090:
4062:
3941:
3899:
3613:
3574:
3544:
3516:
3444:
3368:
3337:
3219:
3067:
2763:
2686:
2679:
2593:
2539:
2233:
2079:
1885:
1828:
1339:
one. It was the result of a convergence of interests between the new dynasty and the
1254:
1178:
1113:
639:
629:
480:
420:
240:
65:
4026:
3999:
The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. III: The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods
8039:
7741:
7675:
7429:
7420:
7330:
7320:
7276:
7116:
7104:
7058:
7003:
6820:
6685:
6516:
6485:
6330:
6311:
6020:
5640:
5171:
5145:
5103:
3317:
3243:
3169:
3129:
3051:
3012:
2984:
2893:
2837:
2825:
2543:
2435:
2420:
island and had appointed his twelve-year-old son Salim, as Governor of the island.
2287:
1905:
1848:
1710:
1515:(r. 1736–1747), reverse:"Coined on gold the word of kingdom in the world, Nader of
1447:
1407:
1250:
1064:
1016:
789:
739:
689:
572:
4658:
2438:
language. These names were thought to have been as a result influences during the
8288:
8192:
8170:
8147:
8022:
8000:
7979:
7950:
7940:
7930:
7612:
7607:
7463:
7400:
7335:
7310:
7295:
7234:
7023:
6875:
6765:
6587:
6286:
6222:
6126:
5974:
5876:
5648:
5624:
5560:
5541:
5533:
5509:
5394:
5336:
4923:
4904:
4880:
4876:
4828:
4797:
4698:, Edited by Dwight F. Reynolds, University of California Press Berkeley 2001 p221
4474:
4134:
4106:
4078:
4006:
4002:
3740:
3239:
3235:
3227:
3223:
3164:
3139:
3134:
3119:
3105:
3055:
3024:
2980:
2976:
2960:
2885:
2877:
2829:
2813:
2732:
2720:
2717:
2690:
2662:
2649:
2625:
2621:
2581:
2577:
2565:
2523:
2459:
2409:
2377:
2360:
2329:
2253:
2213:
2071:
2056:
2048:
2028:
1921:
1901:
1800:
1788:
1706:
1649:
1634:
1551:
1403:
1331:
1279:
1158:
1154:
1134:
1121:
1117:
1109:
1084:, is an expression that denotes a wide socio-cultural region comprising parts of
1039:
899:
719:
669:
659:
562:
522:
470:
440:
8228:
8044:
8012:
7783:
7773:
7753:
7724:
7305:
6825:
6650:
6138:
6102:
5765:
5683:
5616:
5442:
4613:
Security and Territoriality in the Persian Gulf: A Maritime Political Geography
4445:
3634:
3260:
3231:
3114:
3047:
3027:
2972:
2833:
2762:
Testimony to the close relationship shared by Iraq and western Iran during the
2675:
2474:
2463:
2393:
2376:
During most of the second half of the eighteenth century, Bahrain was ruled by
2281:
2192:
1997:
1945:
1937:
1925:
1889:
1792:
1702:
1457:
1428:
1344:
1288:
1206:
1166:
1150:
949:
869:
829:
759:
699:
360:
292:
5176:
5159:
4776:
Education in Bahrain - 1919-1986, An Analytical Study of Problems and Progress
4568:
Life and Land Use on the Bahrain Islands: The Geoarchaeology of an Ancient ...
3868:"Aryan Homeland, Airyana Vaeja, in the Avesta. Aryan lands and Zoroastrianism"
3321:
2861:(an Islamic sect established in Iraq), although the majority of Iranians were
8315:
8209:
7889:
7826:
7821:
7800:
7536:
7440:
7425:
7395:
7340:
7220:
7175:
7124:
7094:
5797:
5691:
5656:
5378:
5252:
4908:
4543:" (زبان فارسی در سین کیانگ). Zamir Sa'dollah Zadeh (دکتر ضمیر سعدالله زاده).
4453:
4345:
Tournament of Shadows: The Great Game and the Race for Empire in Central Asia
3918:
3699:
3247:
3215:
2938:
2881:
2778:(Babylonia) was called 'Irāq al-'Arabī ("Arabic Iraq") or Bābil ("Babylon").
2710:
2706:
2653:
2493:
2442:
rule of Bahrain (1501–1722) and previous Persian rule. Village names such as
2272:
districts; Haggar (now al-Hafuf province, Saudi Arabia), Batan Ardashir (now
2226:
2217:
2067:
2040:
2005:
1913:
1909:
1461:
1443:
1373:
1234:
1214:
1138:
929:
919:
909:
769:
729:
709:
512:
323:
272:
4681:, Edited by Dwight F. Reynolds, University of California Press Berkeley 2001
4223:
The newly independent states of Eurasia: handbook of former Soviet republics
8175:
7831:
7468:
7453:
7405:
7314:
6859:
6725:
6148:
5805:
5789:
5773:
5715:
5069:
3497:. G. A. Savielle and P. M. Cranenburgh, Bengal Print. Co. pp. x (10).
2998:
2954:
2889:
2850:
2771:
2397:
2370:
2325:
2083:
1964:
1917:
1897:
1681:
1624:
1266:
1198:
1093:
939:
879:
819:
542:
492:
5100:"Regional developments are leading to convergence of nations: Ahmadinejad"
4692:
An Account of the Life of the Author and the Events That Have Befallen Him
2366:
1968:
majority in both nations. The people of nowadays Iran and Azerbaijan were
8027:
7904:
7899:
7884:
7793:
7763:
7588:
7546:
7510:
7261:
6946:
6869:
6700:
3189:
3091:
2994:
Many Iranians were born in Iraq or have ancestors from Iraq, such as the
2557:
2075:
2044:
1852:
1658:
1555:
1432:
1383:
1348:
1340:
1258:
1230:
1226:
1202:
1022:
649:
552:
5227:
Fisher, William Bayne; Avery, P.; Hambly, G. R. G; Melville, C. (1991).
5185:
4883:
the site of the Mesopotamian capital moved a little to the north on the
4461:
3587:
2628:
the site of the Mesopotamian capital moved a little to the north on the
1795:
with fine examples of Iranian architecture like the Sassanid citadel in
216:
8300:
8296:
8292:
8219:
8185:
7655:
6900:
6291:
5813:
5781:
5707:
5675:
5485:
4864:
4860:
3329:
3281:
3273:
2930:
2870:
2806:
2794:
2670:
2609:
2605:
2511:
2427:
2340:
2291:
2264:
2009:
1957:
1893:
1870:
1718:
1698:
1620:
1512:
1270:
1262:
1182:
1097:
1050:
959:
889:
799:
749:
503:
4176:
Historical Background Vol. 3, Colliers Encyclopedia CD-ROM, 02-28-1996
4014:
1323:. However, this is a Greek pronunciation of the name Haroyum/Haraiva (
1116:. It is defined by having been long ruled by the dynasties of various
8202:
7758:
6026:
International military intervention against the Islamic State (2014–)
5746:
5723:
5517:
5450:
5418:
5275:
Shi'ite Identities: Community and Culture in Changing Social Contexts
5031:
4892:
4852:
4696:
Interpreting the Self, Autobiography in the Arabic Literary Tradition
4679:
Interpreting the Self, Autobiography in the Arabic Literary Tradition
3555:
In 1813 Iran signed the Treaty of Gulistan, ceding Georgia to Russia.
3365:
Shi'ite Identities: Community and Culture in Changing Social Contexts
3353:. (2007), 39: pp 307–309 Copyright © 2007 Cambridge University Press.
3043:
2694:
2682:
2637:
2597:
2585:
2569:
2547:
2519:
2485:
2413:
2310:
2277:
2257:
2070:
eastward through northern Afghanistan roughly until the foothills of
1993:
1772:
1726:
1672:
1579:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1465:
1284:
1101:
1085:
849:
809:
532:
410:
3842:"Aryan Homeland, Airyana Vaeja, Location. Aryans and Zoroastrianism"
3405:
3305:
6936:
6276:
6158:
5410:
4888:
4856:
4578:
4576:
4540:
4042:
3099:
3058:
are related to the other peoples of Greater Iran, examples include
2917:
2866:
2633:
2601:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2417:
2273:
2268:
2245:
2020:
1953:
1679:. The territory of Iran at that time was composed of two portions:
1587:
1571:
1567:
1436:
1379:
1336:
1304:
1296:
1292:
1174:
1105:
1089:
341:
332:
4799:
Histories of City and State in the Persian Gulf: Manama Since 1800
3490:
2152:
112:
7479:
5402:
5164:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
4900:
4896:
4872:
4547:(نامه ایران) V.1. Editor: Hamid Yazdan Parast (حمید یزدان پرست).
3949:
3277:
3063:
3031:
3020:
2946:
2904:
2802:
2786:
2728:
2645:
2641:
2617:
2573:
2502:
2439:
2385:
2381:
2356:
2344:
2188:
2001:
1949:
1844:
1796:
1776:
1768:
1694:
1676:
1628:
1608:
1575:
1508:
1469:
1419:
1300:
1190:
370:
310:
301:
4707:
Charles Belgrave, The Pirate Coast, G. Bell & Sons, 1966 p19
4596:
Arabia and the Arabs: From the Bronze Age to the Coming of Islam
4573:
2963:
of Iran briefly reasserted hegemony over Iraq in the periods of
1980:
and minor parts of the Republic of Azerbaijan in ancient times.
1689:(eastern portion). The dividing region was mostly the cities of
1241:(proto-Iranian, meaning "of the Aryans"), first attested in the
8032:
7285:
6605:
5434:
4903:, a little further upstream, was built out of the ruins of the
4884:
2912:
2798:
2648:, a little further upstream, was built out of the ruins of the
2629:
2467:
2389:
2336:
2314:
2032:
1973:
1808:
1780:
1690:
1596:
1559:
1395:
1387:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1242:
582:
390:
7557:
5291:
4277:
Russia and Iran in the great game: travelogues and orientalism
2701:
6143:
3184:
3071:
3016:
2907:. Other cities of Iraq with originally Persian names include
2862:
2561:
2489:
2478:
2455:
2352:
2241:
2237:
2222:
2196:
1583:
1544:
1415:
1411:
1391:
1324:
400:
314:
3570:
War and peace in Qajar Persia: implications past and present
2983:
in 1639). Ottoman hegemony over Iraq was reconfirmed in the
2470:
is derived from two Persian words meaning 'I' and 'speech'.
1402:
While the various Iranian peoples did indeed share a common
5923:
5386:
5322:
4868:
2922:
2858:
2775:
2767:
2613:
2553:
2348:
2299:
2060:
1866:
1612:
1604:
1563:
1146:
1124:. It is referred to as the "Iranian Cultural Continent" by
282:
3632:
2781:
For centuries the two neighbouring regions were known as "
1108:)—all of which have been affected, to some degree, by the
6901:
Industrial Development and Renovation Organization (IDRO)
5226:
4524:, p. 443, for Persian settlements in southwestern China;
3985:ایرانشهر از کنار فرات تا جیهون است و وسط آبادانی عالم است
3788:
3786:
3593:
3441:
Dialect, Culture, and Society in Eastern Arabia: Glossary
174:
5065:"Iraq plans to send 200-member trade delegation to Iran"
4179:
1479:, define Iranshahr (Greater Iran) as extending from the
1257:
spoken in northeastern Greater Iran, or in what are now
170:
5026:
Csató, Éva Ágnes; Isaksson, Bo; Jahani, Carina (2005).
2434:
Many names of villages in Bahrain are derived from the
2392:
was called off after the death of the ruler of Shiraz,
1616:
1547:, which was located in the upper part of Central Asia.
3783:
3650:
2888:, including common dishes and cooking techniques. The
4280:(reprint ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 6.
3671:
3566:
1071:
4250:
Energy and conflict in Central Asia and the Caucasus
3416:
3081:
5025:
4851:Of the four residences of the Achaemenids named by
4435:
3656:
2473:In 1910, the Persian community funded and opened a
4998:IRAQ i. IN THE LATE SASANID AND EARLY ISLAMIC ERAS
4342:Ernest Meyer, Karl, Blair Brysac, Shareen (2006).
4341:
3984:
3677:
3046:has been a part of what is known as Greater Iran.
1530:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4192:Russia and Azerbaijan: A Borderland in Transition
2785:" ("al-'Iraqain"). The 12th century Persian poet
8313:
5148:, by M. Kasheff. – Retrieved on 18 October 2007.
2731:of Mesopotamia (Iraq) than with the rest of the
1729:were mostly included in the Khorasanian region.
1535:) which means "Iranland" or "The Land of Iran".
5962:December 1979 Iranian constitutional referendum
4928:The Golden Age of Persia: The Arabs in the East
3050:speak a Northwestern Iranian language known as
2853:share religious and certain cultural ties with
2742:The Golden Age of Persia: The Arabs in the East
6048:2018–2019 Iranian general strikes and protests
5947:March 1979 Iranian Islamic Republic referendum
4601:
3605:
3515:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 348–349.
3259:For example, those regions and peoples in the
2865:Muslims and did not convert to Shia until the
2236:dynasty. It was referred to by the Greeks as "
1723:Faza'ilul al-anam min rasa'ili hujjat al-Islam
1671:In the 8th century, Iran was conquered by the
1460:also states that after the dissolution of the
7573:
5830:Persian Constitutional Revolution (1905–1911)
5307:
4185:
3982:
3541:Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism
1619:sponsored consultation end Iranian claims to
1558:in 1833, and the murdering of Persia's Grand
1528:
1475:Primary sources, including Timurid historian
986:
169:. Consider transferring direct quotations to
6906:Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO)
4749:Language & Linguistic Origins In Bahrain
4368:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4327:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4300:
4011:International Journal of Middle East Studies
3539:Olsen, James Stuart; Shadle, Robert (1991).
3362:
3351:International Journal of Middle East Studies
1539:was in the mythical times as opposed to the
1165:resulted in the loss of the Caucasus to the
6016:2009 Iranian presidential election protests
5157:
4802:. Cambridge University Press. p. 114.
4752:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 134, 135.
4623:
4621:
4219:
3543:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 314.
3538:
3510:
3491:India. Foreign and Political Dept. (1892).
3356:
2793:("The Gift of the Two Iraqs"). The city of
2522:. Other food items consumed are similar to
2488:issued which banned women from wearing the
2027:, and is the home of the ancient Iranians,
1303:, etc., listed in the first chapter of the
74:Learn how and when to remove these messages
7580:
7566:
6522:Islamic Consultative Assembly (parliament)
6384:Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran
5900:1949 Iranian Constituent Assembly election
5314:
5300:
4415:. Encyclopædia Iranica. pp. 221–224.
4410:
4404:
4226:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 98.
4027:Ashrafi - Nader Afshar Type A2; Širâz mint
1197:, setting the northern boundary along the
993:
979:
6031:Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015)
5175:
4827:
4253:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 181.
4246:
3795:"IRANIAN IDENTITY ii. PRE-ISLAMIC PERIOD"
3410:, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Oct. 1962), pp. 261–268
3066:. Some historians and linguists, such as
2876:Iraqi culture has commonalities with the
2832:, and from the time of the domination of
2824:The majority of inhabitants of Iraq know
2774:("Persian Iraq"), while central-southern
2756:Iranian Perspectives on the Iran–Iraq War
2171:Learn how and when to remove this message
1639:Washington Institute for Near East Policy
200:Learn how and when to remove this message
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
5850:Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)
4930:. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 184.
4745:
4741:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4675:Autobiography of Sheikh Yusuf Al Bahrani
4618:
4273:
3792:
3263:that were not under direct Iranian rule.
3201:
2700:
2669:
2422:
2365:
2319:
2286:
2221:
2151:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1987:
1837:Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam
1767:
1566:armies. The Russian armies occupied the
1502:
1033:
111:Relevant discussion may be found on the
6636:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
5133:
4833:The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3
4795:
4772:
4382:
3718:
3413:boundaries of States ruled by Iranians.
3196:
2857:. The majority of Iranians are Twelver
2031:, according to the ancient book of the
1976:which ruled the contemporary region of
1892:and many of those in what is today the
1307:. The Avestan evidence is confirmed by
1027:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
8314:
6174:History of democracy in classical Iran
4956:
4791:
4789:
4665:, Volume 14 Issue 2 Page 73, June 2007
4561:
4388:First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913–1936
4304:The Great Ottoman-Turkish Civilisation
4301:Çiçek, Kemal, Kuran, Ercüment (2000).
4247:Ebel, Robert E.; Menon, Rajan (2000).
3865:
3839:
3813:
3389:"Interview with Richard N. Frye (CNN)"
1779:, Dagestan. Now inscribed on Russia's
1225:The name "Iran", meaning "land of the
7561:
6972:
6896:Defense Industries Organization (DIO)
6681:Iran and the World Trade Organization
6585:
6328:
6209:
5334:
5295:
5259:. New York: Oxford University Press.
5251:
5220:
5094:
5092:
4952:
4950:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4732:
3659:"ZOROASTRIANISM i. HISTORICAL REVIEW"
3291:
2735:to the east of the central deserts .
2697:(An ancient city in modern-day Iraq).
1956:. The area to the North of the river
1607:, but also cities further north like
160:too many or overly lengthy quotations
6068:2021 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
6058:2019 Sistan and Baluchestan protests
4922:
4585:by Federal Research Division, page 7
4015:Vol. 21, No. 3. (Aug. 1989), pp.415.
3612:. Psychology Press. pp. 72–73.
3303:
2693:, describes the Persian takeover of
2120:
1145:resulted in the loss of present-day
142:
80:
39:
27:Sociocultural region in Central Asia
7301:Chicago Persian antiquities dispute
6942:Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone
6916:National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)
6715:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
6450:UN Security Council Resolution 1747
4786:
4718:History of Eastern Arabia 1750–1800
4167:: "Caucasus Iran" article, p.84-96.
4059:Kharazm: What do I know about Iran?
3633:Sir Percy Molesworth Sykes (1915).
3010:Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran
1362:defines Greater Iran as including "
1193:, the remainder of Azerbaijan, and
1068:
24:
5840:Kurdish separatism in Iran (1918–)
5089:
4994:"IRAQ AND ITS RELATIONS WITH IRAN"
4988:
4947:
4816:
4615:by Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh, page 119
4558:collection under DS 266 N336 2005.
4141:. Palgrave. 2005. Coauthored with
4113:. Palgrave. 2005. Coauthored with
4085:. Palgrave. 2005. Coauthored with
3657:William W. Malandra (2005-07-20).
3609:Wars and peace treaties, 1816-1991
3367:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 83.
2248:discovered it while serving under
2185:Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County
1599:'s control what is today Armenia,
1468:became rulers of greater Iran and
1249:(the text of which is composed in
1189:in 1828 saw Iran cede present-day
1173:in 1813 saw Iran cede present-day
215:
25:
8413:
6911:Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)
6532:Supreme National Security Council
6358:Persian Constitutional Revolution
5988:Interim Government of Iran (1981)
5895:Insurgency in Balochistan (1948–)
5885:Shatt al-Arab dispute (1936–1975)
2892:has absorbed many words from the
2477:, Al-Ittihad school, that taught
2078:). Current day provinces such as
2051:text of Vendidad. Others such as
1896:, which included the khanates of
1814:
1737:
1725:and other books. Transoxiana and
55:This article has multiple issues.
8342:Georgia (country)–Iran relations
7541:
7532:
7531:
6507:Assembly (or Council) of Experts
5273:Marcinkowski, Christoph (2010).
5106:. 31 August 2007. Archived from
5073:. 9 January 2013. Archived from
4782:. Durham University. p. 60.
4773:Shirawi, May Al-Arrayed (1987).
4746:Al-Tajer, Mahdi Abdulla (1982).
4636:Yoma 77a and Rosh Hashbanah, 23a
4530:for more on the historical ties.
3513:Historical Dictionary of Georgia
3363:Marcinkowski, Christoph (2010).
3272:Such as in the western parts of
3098:
3084:
2665:, The Cambridge History of Iran,
2125:
1787:Dagestan remains the bastion of
1406:and pool of religious myths and
1007:
147:
85:
44:
7587:
6706:Military equipment manufactured
6272:Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
6036:United States withdrawal (2018)
5957:Iran hostage crisis (1979–1981)
5321:
5192:
5151:
5122:
5057:
5048:
5019:
4982:
4916:
4766:
4723:
4710:
4701:
4684:
4668:
4652:
4639:
4630:
4588:
4533:
4512:
4492:
4468:
4429:
4413:Azerbaijan: Pre-Islamic History
4376:
4335:
4294:
4267:
4240:
4213:
4170:
4156:
4128:
4100:
4072:
4048:
4032:
4019:
3992:
3974:
3965:
3955:
3934:
3924:
3912:
3885:
3859:
3833:
3807:
3758:
3733:
3712:
3692:
3626:
3599:
3573:. Psychology Press. p. 4.
3560:
3532:
3511:Mikaberidze, Alexander (2015).
3504:
3484:
3454:
3443:. Clive Holes. 2001. Page XXX.
3434:
2284:/Pahlavi it means "ewe-fish").
1983:
1783:world heritage list since 2003.
63:or discuss these issues on the
7266:modern / contemporary
6512:Expediency Discernment Council
5835:1908 bombardment of the Majlis
5824:Caucasus (18th–20th centuries)
5348:
4796:Fuccaro, Nelida (2009-09-03).
4438:Bulletin of the Asia Institute
3766:"ZOROASTER ii. GENERAL SURVEY"
3567:Roxane Farmanfarmaian (2008).
3408:The Harvard Theological Review
3399:
3381:
3344:
3310:The Harvard Theological Review
3297:
3266:
3253:
3208:
2592:Of the four residences of the
2199:bound to the Iranian history.
1519:and the world-conqueror king."
1351:"ariya" and Avestan "airya").
1330:While up until the end of the
1315:is spoken of as being between
13:
1:
7846:Eastern and Southeastern Asia
6480:state-sponsorship allegations
6210:
5230:The Cambridge History of Iran
5160:"Professor Vladimir Minorsky"
4500:Historical Dictionary of Iran
3636:A history of Persia, Volume 2
3304:Frye, Richard Nelson (1962).
3180:List of Persia-related topics
3160:History of the Kurdish people
2996:Chairman of Iran's Parliament
2884:also has similarities to the
2276:province, Saudi Arabia), and
1934:Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)
1882:Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)
1748:History of Kabardino-Balkaria
1498:
1414:were worshipped—particularly
1354:
1161:in 1639. Simultaneously, the
1043:
264:
8392:Historical geography of Iran
6937:Asaluyeh industrial corridor
6329:
6238:twin towns and sister cities
5544:Persis (after 132 BC–AD 224)
5421:Mannai (10th–7th century BC)
5397:Empire (c.2334 BC–c.2154 BC)
4220:L. Batalden, Sandra (1997).
3645:Macmahon arbitration persia.
3639:. Macmillan and co. p.
3042:Culturally and historically
3037:
2307:Oman invaded Bahrain in 1717
2202:
1431:, Greater Iran ended at the
1418:, the god of covenants, and
1410:, in actuality a variety of
1220:
7:
7216:Water supply and sanitation
6973:
6947:Kish Island Free Trade Zone
6586:
6006:KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)
5381:civilization (3100–2700 BC)
5335:
5277:. Berlin: Lit Verlag 2010.
4963:University Press of Florida
4390:(reprint ed.). BRILL.
4348:. Basic Books. p. 66.
3680:"EASTERN IRANIAN LANGUAGES"
3077:
2975:on both occasions (via the
2770:(ancient Media) was called
2106:
1732:
1072:
10:
8418:
8397:Historical regions of Iran
8367:Afghanistan–Iran relations
7919:Central and Eastern Europe
6696:Economy of the Middle East
6073:2021–2022 Iranian protests
6063:2019–2020 Iranian protests
6043:2017–2018 Iranian protests
5504:Cappadocia (320s BC–AD 17)
5235:Cambridge University Press
5233:. Vol. 7. Cambridge:
5158:Gershevitch, Ilya (1967).
4837:Cambridge University Press
4411:Schippmann, Klaus (1989).
4307:. University of Michigan.
3070:, have suggested that the
2533:
2211:
2207:
2110:
2096:Southern Khorasan Province
1818:
1799:, the strong influence of
1741:
1666:
1273:). The proto-Iranian term
587:8th/9th century – 1238 / 9
431:Ancient kingdom of Armenia
273:Proto-Elamite civilization
29:
8347:Azerbaijan–Iran relations
8281:Border changes since 1914
8273:
8247:
8163:
8140:
8077:
7993:
7918:
7845:
7809:
7717:
7691:
7626:
7595:
7527:
7493:
7439:
7242:
7233:
7163:
7115:
7047:
6994:
6985:
6981:
6968:
6929:
6921:National Development Fund
6884:
6841:Telecommunications and IT
6835:Anglo-Persian Oil Company
6764:
6661:Foreign direct investment
6606:Bonyad (charitable trust)
6598:
6594:
6581:
6540:
6499:
6341:
6337:
6324:
6218:
6205:
6085:
5952:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
5942:Interim Government (1979)
5921:
5869:
5862:
5758:
5668:
5585:
5576:
5553:
5470:
5363:
5356:
5347:
5343:
5330:
5177:10.1017/S0035869X00125638
4716:Ahmad Mustafa Abu Hakim,
4647:Sacred Space and Holy War
4570:by Curtis E. Larsen p. 13
4197:Columbia University Press
4045:, see under entry "Turan"
3983:
3322:10.1017/S0017816000007926
3006:Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi
2840:has also found currency.
2820:(d. 1430) wrote of Iraq:
2335:In 1730, the new Shah of
2280:(now Bahrain Island) (In
2039:These sources claim that
2023:is one of the regions of
1888:, its possessions in the
1884:Iran had to cede eastern
1529:
1492:Cambridge History of Iran
7956:unification with Moldova
7639:Turks and Caicos Islands
6671:International oil bourse
6436:Ministry of Intelligence
6021:Syrian civil war (2011–)
5845:1921 Persian coup d'état
4274:Andreeva, Elena (2010).
3962:dynasty of greater Iran.
3721:"AVESTAN LANGUAGE I-III"
3678:Nicholas Sims-Williams.
3462:"Columbia College Today"
2294:at their greatest extent
2134:This article or section
2101:
2088:Razavi Khorasan Province
1611:in southern Russia. The
1291:, near the provinces of
1233:continuation of the old
351:Bactria–Margiana Complex
167:summarize the quotations
94:This article or section
8377:Country classifications
8352:Iran–Pakistan relations
8006:unification with Kosovo
7195:scientists and scholars
6701:Milad Tower and complex
6491:Women's rights movement
6486:White Revolution (1963)
6154:Peoples of the Caucasus
5496:Armenia (321 BC–AD 428)
5389:dynasties (2700–540 BC)
5204:Encyclopedia Britannica
4957:Yavari, Neguin (1997).
4556:Perry–Castañeda Library
3606:Erik Goldstein (1992).
3424:"IRAN i. LANDS OF IRAN"
2959:In the modern era, the
2529:
2092:North Khorasan Province
1657:"Since the days of the
1523:Greater Iran is called
1390:and included Persians,
1277:is present in the term
1042:at its greatest extent
36:Turco-Persian tradition
8362:Armenia–Iran relations
8215:Greater Germanic Reich
8013:Bosnia and Herzegovina
7506:Anti-Iranian sentiment
7501:Science and technology
7326:Intellectual movements
7206:International rankings
7190:Intellectual movements
6676:International rankings
6169:Heads of state of Iran
5975:Nojeh coup plot (1980)
5536:Empire (247 BC–AD 224)
5373:culture (3400–2000 BC)
4187:Swietochowski, Tadeusz
2848:
2760:
2746:
2713:
2698:
2668:
2431:
2430:at its greatest extent
2373:
2332:
2317:tribes seize control.
2295:
2229:
2017:
2016:, 3rd-2nd century BCE.
2014:Greco-Bactrian kingdom
2000:wearing a distinctive
1932:of 1828 following the
1880:of 1813 following the
1784:
1685:(western portion) and
1601:Republic of Azerbaijan
1520:
1366:." According to him, "
1053:
1015:This article contains
880:Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans
461:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
220:
8203:Annexation of Austria
6794:Shetab Banking System
6784:Banking and insurance
6746:Tehran Stock Exchange
6666:Intellectual property
6011:PJAK conflict (2004–)
5784:Turcomans (1378–1508)
5776:Turcomans (1374–1468)
5725:Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
5528:Pontus (281 BC–AD 62)
5257:Iran in World History
4661:Maximilian Terhalle,
4649:, IB Tauris, 2007 p52
4539:"Persian language in
3872:heritageinstitute.com
3846:heritageinstitute.com
3820:heritageinstitute.com
3406:Richard Nelson Frye,
3202:Explanatory footnotes
3145:Culture of Azerbaijan
3003:Chief Justice of Iran
2971:, losing Iraq to the
2822:
2747:
2725:
2704:
2673:
2590:
2426:
2369:
2323:
2290:
2225:
2138:synthesis of material
1991:
1930:Treaty of Turkmenchay
1865:, the territories of
1863:Tadeusz Swietochowski
1833:Tat people (Caucasus)
1825:History of Azerbaijan
1771:
1764:Tat people (Caucasus)
1760:Treaty of Turkmenchay
1506:
1187:Treaty of Turkmenchay
1153:, as outlined in the
1037:
365:c. 1500 BCE – 500 BCE
219:
98:synthesis of material
7863:annexation of Taiwan
6755:Technology start-ups
6656:Environmental issues
6646:Economic Reform Plan
6560:Provincial governors
6250:Environmental issues
5998:Iran Air Flight 655
5739:Jalayirid Sultanate
5611:Caliphate (750–1258)
5453:Kingdom (652–625 BC)
5141:Encyclopædia Iranica
5002:Encyclopædia Iranica
4659:Are the Shia Rising?
4527:Iran-China Relations
4521:Encyclopædia Iranica
4199:. pp. 69, 133.
4164:Encyclopædia Iranica
3892:Frye, Richard Nelson
3428:Encyclopædia Iranica
3197:Notes and references
3150:Azerbaijani language
3125:Greater Central Asia
2882:Mesopotamian cuisine
2789:wrote a famous poem
2330:Shah Abbas the Great
2113:China–Iran relations
2053:University of Hawaii
1869:and the republic of
1857:Iranian Azerbaijanis
1143:Ottoman–Iranian Wars
1127:Encyclopædia Iranica
890:Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans
680:Zaydis of Tabaristan
32:Indo-Persian culture
8357:Iran–Iraq relations
7155:Freedom of religion
6741:Supreme Audit Court
6620:Automotive industry
6267:Iranian Balochistan
5993:1987 Mecca incident
5890:Iran crisis of 1946
5879:dynasty (1925–1979)
5808:Dynasty (1751–1794)
5749:dynasty (1338–1357)
5741:dynasty (1335–1432)
5733:dynasty (1314–1393)
5718:dynasty (1244–1381)
5702:dynasty (1077–1231)
5686:dynasty (1011–1215)
5603:Caliphate (661–750)
5595:Caliphate (632–661)
5563:Empire (AD 224–651)
5480:Empire (550–330 BC)
5461:Empire (626–539 BC)
5445:Empire (678–549 BC)
5429:Empire (911–609 BC)
5110:on 29 December 2010
4720:, Khayat, 1960, p78
4598:, Routledge 2001p28
4594:Robert G. Hoyland,
4479:The History of Iran
4039:Dehkhoda Dictionary
3499:treaty of gulistan.
3015:, who were born in
2685:in the name of the
2536:Iran–Iraq relations
2250:Alexander the Great
1970:converted to Shiism
1894:Azerbaijan Republic
1744:History of Dagestan
1400:." He argues that "
1386:, Bactria, and the
1360:Richard Nelson Frye
1321:Indian subcontinent
1215:McMahon Arbitration
1076:), also called the
780:Khwarazmian dynasty
553:Kabul Shahi kingdom
455:c. 302 BCE – 580 CE
381:Neo-Assyrian Empire
260:Kura–Araxes culture
8402:Historical regions
7747:Western Azerbaijan
7681:Dominican Republic
7286:Persian New Year (
6691:Main economic laws
6262:Iranian Azerbaijan
6164:Monarchs of Persia
6108:Persianate society
5816:Empire (1789–1925)
5800:Empire (1736–1796)
5792:Empire (1501–1736)
5768:Empire (1370–1507)
5694:Empire (1037–1194)
5659:dynasty (934–1062)
5651:dynasty (931–1090)
5643:dynasty (861–1003)
5512:Empire (312–63 BC)
5413:(c.1595–c.1155 BC)
5221:General references
4909:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
4663:Middle East Policy
3594:Fisher et al. 1991
3292:Citation footnotes
3214:These include the
3175:Persianate society
3155:Old Azeri language
3054:. Many aspects of
3030:, who was born in
2937:(اروندرود) -->
2714:
2699:
2654:Seleucia-Ctesiphon
2432:
2374:
2333:
2296:
2230:
2148:to the main topic.
2142:verifiably mention
2136:possibly contains
2117:Tajiks of Xinjiang
2018:
2004:-style headdress,
1998:Zoroastrian priest
1978:Iranian Azerbaijan
1940:, the khanates of
1878:Treaty of Gulistan
1841:Old Azeri language
1821:Azerbaijani people
1785:
1756:Treaty of Gulistan
1752:Russo-Persian Wars
1521:
1376:notes that while "
1283:, the homeland of
1171:Treaty of Gulistan
1163:Russo-Iranian Wars
1054:
860:Jalairid Sultanate
840:Muzaffarid dynasty
620:Rashidun Caliphate
593:Kingdom of Georgia
543:Hephthalite Empire
221:
108:to the main topic.
102:verifiably mention
96:possibly contains
8327:Geography of Iran
8309:
8308:
8276:Related concepts:
7555:
7554:
7523:
7522:
7519:
7518:
7489:
7488:
7396:Opium consumption
7229:
7228:
7065:Ethnic minorities
7039:Iranian languages
6964:
6963:
6960:
6959:
6577:
6576:
6573:
6572:
6456:Political parties
6394:Children's rights
6379:Foreign relations
6373:2009 presidential
6320:
6319:
6282:Iranian Kurdistan
6201:
6200:
6197:
6196:
6081:
6080:
6053:COVID-19 pandemic
5912:Revolution (1979)
5858:
5857:
5678:Empire (977–1186)
5635:dynasty (864–928)
5627:dynasty (821–873)
5619:dynasty (819–999)
5572:
5571:
5488:(c.323 BC–AD 226)
5283:978-3-643-80049-7
5266:978-0-19-933549-7
5244:978-0-521-20095-0
5041:978-0-415-30804-5
4990:Morony, Michael G
4972:978-0-8130-1476-0
4937:978-0-7538-0944-0
4846:978-0-521-20092-9
4809:978-0-521-51435-4
4759:978-0-7103-0024-9
4553:978-964-423-572-6
4508:978-0-8108-2994-7
4487:978-0-313-30731-7
4422:978-0-933273-95-5
4397:978-90-04-09796-4
4355:978-0-465-04576-1
4314:978-975-6782-18-7
4287:978-0-415-78153-4
4260:978-0-7425-0063-1
4233:978-0-89774-940-4
4206:978-0-231-07068-3
4151:978-1-4039-6276-8
4123:978-1-4039-6276-8
4095:978-1-4039-6276-8
4067:978-964-379-023-3
4005:, Review author:
3946:978-1-884964-98-5
3904:978-1-56859-177-3
3770:iranicaonline.org
3745:iranicaonline.org
3619:978-0-203-97682-1
3580:978-0-203-93830-0
3550:978-0-313-26257-9
3522:978-1-4422-4146-6
3449:978-90-04-10763-2
3374:978-3-643-80049-7
3068:Vladimir Minorsky
2921:(سورستان) -->
2791:Tohfat-ul Iraqein
2740:Richard N. Frye,
2240:", the centre of
2181:
2180:
2173:
2047:mentioned in the
1992:Painted clay and
1829:Tat people (Iran)
1715:"Tārīkhi Baïhaqī"
1627:island nation of
1205:were lost to the
1114:Iranian languages
1023:rendering support
1003:
1002:
968:
967:
640:Abbasid Caliphate
630:Umayyad Caliphate
601:
600:
501:
500:
485:2nd century BCE –
481:Caucasian Albania
421:Achaemenid Empire
371:Kingdom of Mannai
283:Elamite dynasties
210:
209:
202:
192:
191:
141:
140:
133:
78:
16:(Redirected from
8409:
8322:Cultural regions
8260:Papua New Guinea
7582:
7575:
7568:
7559:
7558:
7545:
7535:
7534:
7386:National symbols
7240:
7239:
7055:Iranian citizens
6992:
6991:
6983:
6982:
6970:
6969:
6952:Research centers
6641:Economic history
6596:
6595:
6583:
6582:
6517:Guardian Council
6339:
6338:
6326:
6325:
6207:
6206:
6184:Electric history
6179:Military history
6093:Ancient Persians
6001:
6000:shootdown (1988)
5983:
5970:
5967:Iranian Embassy
5937:
5926:
5924:Islamic Republic
5913:
5905:1953 coup d'état
5880:
5867:
5866:
5825:
5822:Khanates of the
5817:
5809:
5801:
5793:
5785:
5777:
5769:
5750:
5742:
5734:
5726:
5719:
5711:
5703:
5695:
5687:
5679:
5660:
5652:
5644:
5636:
5628:
5620:
5612:
5604:
5596:
5583:
5582:
5564:
5545:
5537:
5529:
5521:
5513:
5505:
5497:
5489:
5481:
5462:
5454:
5446:
5438:
5430:
5422:
5414:
5406:
5398:
5390:
5382:
5374:
5361:
5360:
5345:
5344:
5332:
5331:
5316:
5309:
5302:
5293:
5292:
5270:
5248:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5196:
5190:
5189:
5179:
5155:
5149:
5137:
5131:
5126:
5120:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5104:Mehr News Agency
5096:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5077:on 11 March 2013
5061:
5055:
5052:
5046:
5045:
5023:
5017:
5016:
5010:
5008:
4986:
4980:
4979:
4954:
4945:
4944:
4924:Frye, Richard N.
4920:
4914:
4913:
4899:, just as later
4829:Yarshater, Ehsan
4825:
4814:
4813:
4793:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4743:
4730:
4727:
4721:
4714:
4708:
4705:
4699:
4688:
4682:
4672:
4666:
4656:
4650:
4643:
4637:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4616:
4610:
4599:
4592:
4586:
4580:
4571:
4565:
4559:
4537:
4531:
4516:
4510:
4496:
4490:
4472:
4466:
4465:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4408:
4402:
4401:
4380:
4374:
4373:
4367:
4359:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4326:
4318:
4298:
4292:
4291:
4271:
4265:
4264:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4183:
4177:
4174:
4168:
4160:
4154:
4132:
4126:
4104:
4098:
4076:
4070:
4052:
4046:
4036:
4030:
4023:
4017:
3996:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3981:Khayyām Pīrūz .
3978:
3972:
3969:
3963:
3959:
3953:
3938:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3811:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3790:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3603:
3597:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3536:
3530:
3529:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3477:
3468:. Archived from
3458:
3452:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3420:
3414:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3391:. Archived from
3385:
3379:
3378:
3360:
3354:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3301:
3285:
3270:
3264:
3257:
3251:
3212:
3170:Kurdish language
3130:Greater Khorasan
3108:
3103:
3102:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3013:Ali Akbar Salehi
2985:Treaty of Kerden
2979:in 1555 and the
2977:Treaty of Amasya
2929:(شهربان) -->
2894:Persian language
2846:
2838:Turkish language
2758:
2744:
2666:
2644:, just as later
2544:Persians in Iraq
2176:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2156:
2129:
2128:
2121:
1849:Arran (Caucasus)
1711:Abul Fazl Bayhqi
1534:
1533:
1532:
1450:most of Western
1448:Douglas Q. Adams
1394:, Parthians and
1255:Iranian language
1213:in 1857 and the
1157:in 1555 and the
1155:Treaty of Amasya
1075:
1070:
1048:
1045:
1011:
1010:
995:
988:
981:
850:Chupanid dynasty
790:Sultanate of Rum
750:Ghaznavid Empire
740:Sallarid dynasty
690:Saffarid dynasty
616:
615:
573:Bagratid Armenia
533:Afrighid dynasty
509:
508:
451:Caucasian Iberia
435:331 BCE – 428 CE
411:Scythian Kingdom
375:10th–7th century
266:
245:
244:
212:
211:
205:
198:
187:
184:
178:
151:
150:
143:
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
89:
88:
81:
70:
48:
47:
40:
21:
8417:
8416:
8412:
8411:
8410:
8408:
8407:
8406:
8337:Culture of Iran
8332:History of Iran
8312:
8311:
8310:
8305:
8269:
8243:
8159:
8141:Northern Europe
8136:
8110:Italian Grisons
8073:
8040:North Macedonia
7994:Southern Europe
7989:
7914:
7841:
7805:
7713:
7687:
7622:
7591:
7586:
7556:
7551:
7515:
7485:
7464:Rap and hip-hop
7435:
7416:Public holidays
7401:Persian gardens
7390:Imperial Anthem
7381:National Jewels
7336:Iranian studies
7225:
7159:
7111:
7043:
7004:Persian (Farsi)
6977:
6956:
6925:
6887:
6880:
6815:Pharmaceuticals
6760:
6751:Venture capital
6726:Rial (currency)
6711:Nuclear program
6590:
6569:
6536:
6495:
6446:Nuclear program
6411:Judicial system
6333:
6316:
6287:Iranian plateau
6214:
6193:
6077:
5999:
5981:
5968:
5936:History (1979–)
5935:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5911:
5878:
5854:
5823:
5815:
5807:
5799:
5791:
5783:
5775:
5767:
5754:
5748:
5740:
5732:
5724:
5717:
5709:
5701:
5693:
5685:
5677:
5664:
5658:
5650:
5642:
5634:
5626:
5618:
5610:
5602:
5594:
5578:
5568:
5562:
5549:
5543:
5535:
5527:
5519:
5511:
5503:
5495:
5487:
5479:
5466:
5460:
5459:Neo-Babylonian
5452:
5444:
5437:(860 BC–590 BC)
5436:
5428:
5420:
5412:
5405:(c.2300–675 BC)
5404:
5396:
5388:
5380:
5372:
5352:
5339:
5326:
5320:
5289:
5267:
5245:
5223:
5218:
5208:
5206:
5198:
5197:
5193:
5156:
5152:
5138:
5134:
5127:
5123:
5113:
5111:
5098:
5097:
5090:
5080:
5078:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5053:
5049:
5042:
5034:. p. 177.
5024:
5020:
5006:
5004:
4987:
4983:
4973:
4955:
4948:
4938:
4921:
4917:
4907:double city of
4847:
4839:. p. 482.
4826:
4817:
4810:
4794:
4787:
4779:
4771:
4767:
4760:
4744:
4733:
4728:
4724:
4715:
4711:
4706:
4702:
4689:
4685:
4673:
4669:
4657:
4653:
4644:
4640:
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4626:
4619:
4611:
4602:
4593:
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4562:
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4513:
4497:
4493:
4473:
4469:
4434:
4430:
4423:
4409:
4405:
4398:
4384:Houtsma, M. Th.
4381:
4377:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4340:
4336:
4320:
4319:
4315:
4299:
4295:
4288:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4245:
4241:
4234:
4218:
4214:
4207:
4184:
4180:
4175:
4171:
4161:
4157:
4135:Patrick Clawson
4133:
4129:
4107:Patrick Clawson
4105:
4101:
4079:Patrick Clawson
4077:
4073:
4055:Homayoun, N. T.
4053:
4049:
4037:
4033:
4024:
4020:
4007:Richard N. Frye
4003:Ehsan Yarshater
3997:
3993:
3979:
3975:
3970:
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3960:
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3404:
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3345:
3302:
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3288:
3271:
3267:
3258:
3254:
3213:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3165:Kurdish culture
3140:Iranian studies
3135:Iranian peoples
3120:Culture of Iran
3106:Religion portal
3104:
3097:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3056:Kurdish culture
3040:
3025:Grand Ayatollah
2981:Treaty of Zuhab
2961:Safavid dynasty
2911:(نوكرد) -->
2886:Persian cuisine
2878:culture of Iran
2847:
2844:
2759:
2754:Neguin Yavari,
2753:
2745:
2739:
2721:Richard N. Frye
2705:An 1814 map of
2691:Cyrus the Great
2667:
2663:Ehsan Yarshater
2660:
2652:double city of
2550:
2532:
2524:Persian cuisine
2410:tributary state
2380:, the ruler of
2378:Nasr Al-Madhkur
2361:Karim Khan Zand
2220:
2214:Ajam of Bahrain
2210:
2205:
2177:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2150:
2140:which does not
2130:
2126:
2119:
2109:
2104:
2057:Elton L. Daniel
2029:Airyanem Vaejah
1986:
1952:, and southern
1924:, and parts of
1859:
1817:
1801:Persian cuisine
1789:Persian culture
1766:
1740:
1735:
1675:who ruled from
1669:
1650:Patrick Clawson
1635:Patrick Clawson
1570:coast in 1849,
1552:Imperial Russia
1501:
1357:
1332:Parthian period
1223:
1211:Treaty of Paris
1159:Treaty of Zuhab
1122:Iranian plateau
1118:Iranian empires
1110:Iranian peoples
1046:
1040:Sasanian Empire
1032:
1031:
1030:
1021:Without proper
1012:
1008:
999:
970:
969:
720:Ziyarid dynasty
670:Dulafid dynasty
660:Tahirid dynasty
613:
603:
602:
563:Dabuyid dynasty
523:Sasanian Empire
507:
497:27 BCE – 330 CE
486:
471:Parthian Empire
441:Seleucid Empire
237:
206:
195:
194:
193:
188:
182:
179:
173:or excerpts to
164:
152:
148:
137:
126:
120:
117:
110:
100:which does not
90:
86:
49:
45:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8415:
8405:
8404:
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8207:
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8190:
8189:
8188:
8178:
8173:
8167:
8165:
8164:Western Europe
8161:
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7931:Czechoslovakia
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7398:
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7328:
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7269:
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6808:
6803:
6798:
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6759:
6758:
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6733:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6613:
6608:
6602:
6600:
6592:
6591:
6579:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6571:
6570:
6568:
6567:
6565:Supreme Leader
6562:
6557:
6552:
6546:
6544:
6538:
6537:
6535:
6534:
6529:
6527:Local councils
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6503:
6501:
6497:
6496:
6494:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6427:
6422:
6413:
6408:
6407:
6406:
6404:Women's rights
6401:
6396:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6366:
6361:
6351:
6345:
6343:
6335:
6334:
6322:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6255:Climate change
6247:
6242:
6241:
6240:
6235:
6225:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6203:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6139:Jiroft culture
6136:
6135:
6134:
6127:Iranic peoples
6124:
6123:
6122:
6121:
6120:
6115:
6103:Persianization
6100:
6095:
6089:
6087:
6083:
6082:
6079:
6078:
6076:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6039:
6038:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6013:
6008:
6003:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5977:
5972:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5931:
5929:
5919:
5918:
5916:
5915:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5873:
5871:
5864:
5860:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5819:
5811:
5803:
5795:
5787:
5779:
5771:
5762:
5760:
5756:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5744:
5736:
5728:
5721:
5713:
5710:(1135/36-1225)
5705:
5697:
5689:
5681:
5672:
5670:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5654:
5646:
5638:
5630:
5622:
5614:
5606:
5598:
5589:
5587:
5580:
5574:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5566:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5547:
5539:
5531:
5523:
5520:(c.295–220 BC)
5515:
5507:
5499:
5491:
5483:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5456:
5448:
5440:
5432:
5424:
5416:
5408:
5400:
5392:
5384:
5379:Proto-Elamite
5376:
5367:
5365:
5358:
5354:
5353:
5341:
5340:
5328:
5327:
5319:
5318:
5311:
5304:
5296:
5287:
5286:
5271:
5265:
5253:Foltz, Richard
5249:
5243:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5191:
5170:(1/2): 53–57.
5150:
5132:
5121:
5088:
5056:
5047:
5040:
5018:
4981:
4971:
4965:. p. 80.
4946:
4936:
4915:
4845:
4815:
4808:
4785:
4765:
4758:
4731:
4722:
4709:
4700:
4683:
4667:
4651:
4638:
4629:
4617:
4600:
4587:
4572:
4560:
4532:
4511:
4491:
4467:
4446:Asia Institute
4428:
4421:
4403:
4396:
4375:
4354:
4334:
4313:
4293:
4286:
4266:
4259:
4239:
4232:
4212:
4205:
4178:
4169:
4155:
4127:
4099:
4071:
4047:
4031:
4018:
3991:
3973:
3964:
3954:
3933:
3923:
3911:
3884:
3858:
3832:
3806:
3793:Ahmad Ashraf.
3782:
3757:
3732:
3711:
3691:
3670:
3649:
3625:
3618:
3598:
3596:, p. 329.
3586:
3579:
3559:
3549:
3531:
3521:
3503:
3483:
3453:
3433:
3415:
3398:
3395:on 2016-04-23.
3380:
3373:
3355:
3343:
3316:(4): 261–268.
3295:
3293:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3265:
3261:North Caucasus
3252:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3115:Persianization
3111:
3110:
3109:
3095:
3079:
3076:
3039:
3036:
3028:Ali al-Sistani
2973:Ottoman Empire
2842:
2772:'Irāq-e 'Ajamī
2751:
2737:
2676:Cyrus Cylinder
2658:
2531:
2528:
2475:private school
2464:Bahrani Arabic
2406:Sultan of Oman
2394:Ali Murad Khan
2326:Safavid Empire
2282:Middle-Persian
2244:trading, when
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2179:
2178:
2133:
2131:
2124:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
1985:
1982:
1938:Talysh Khanate
1890:North Caucasus
1816:
1815:South Caucasus
1813:
1793:North Caucasus
1739:
1738:North Caucasus
1736:
1734:
1731:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1653:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1500:
1497:
1429:Ancient Greeks
1356:
1353:
1347:equivalent of
1345:Middle Persian
1289:Zoroastrianism
1280:Airyana Vaēǰah
1222:
1219:
1207:British Empire
1181:, and most of
1167:Russian Empire
1151:Ottoman Empire
1104:(specifically
1061:Greater Persia
1025:, you may see
1013:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
990:
983:
975:
972:
971:
966:
965:
962:
956:
955:
952:
950:Durrani Empire
946:
945:
942:
936:
935:
932:
926:
925:
922:
916:
915:
912:
906:
905:
902:
900:Safavid Empire
896:
895:
892:
886:
885:
882:
876:
875:
872:
870:Timurid Empire
866:
865:
862:
856:
855:
852:
846:
845:
842:
836:
835:
832:
830:Ottoman Empire
826:
825:
822:
816:
815:
812:
806:
805:
802:
796:
795:
792:
786:
785:
782:
776:
775:
772:
766:
765:
764:pre-879 – 1215
762:
760:Ghurid dynasty
756:
755:
752:
746:
745:
742:
736:
735:
732:
726:
725:
722:
716:
715:
712:
706:
705:
702:
700:Samanid Empire
696:
695:
692:
686:
685:
682:
676:
675:
672:
666:
665:
662:
656:
655:
652:
646:
645:
642:
636:
635:
632:
626:
625:
622:
614:
609:
608:
605:
604:
599:
598:
595:
589:
588:
585:
579:
578:
575:
569:
568:
565:
559:
558:
555:
549:
548:
545:
539:
538:
535:
529:
528:
525:
519:
518:
515:
499:
498:
495:
489:
488:
487:8th century CE
483:
477:
476:
475:248 BCE–224 CE
473:
467:
466:
463:
457:
456:
453:
447:
446:
443:
437:
436:
433:
427:
426:
423:
417:
416:
413:
407:
406:
403:
397:
396:
393:
387:
386:
383:
377:
376:
373:
367:
366:
363:
361:Avestan period
357:
356:
353:
347:
346:
344:
338:
337:
335:
329:
328:
326:
320:
319:
317:
307:
306:
304:
298:
297:
295:
293:Jiroft culture
289:
288:
285:
279:
278:
275:
269:
268:
267:3400 – c. 2000
262:
256:
255:
253:
238:
235:
234:
231:
230:
223:
222:
208:
207:
190:
189:
155:
153:
146:
139:
138:
93:
91:
84:
79:
53:
52:
50:
43:
26:
18:Greater Persia
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8414:
8403:
8400:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8319:
8317:
8304:
8303:
8302:
8298:
8294:
8290:
8289:Reunification
8286:
8282:
8277:
8272:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8253:
8252:
8250:
8246:
8240:
8237:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8221:
8218:
8216:
8213:
8212:
8211:
8210:Pan-Germanism
8208:
8204:
8201:
8200:
8199:
8196:
8195:
8194:
8191:
8187:
8184:
8183:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8168:
8166:
8162:
8154:
8151:
8150:
8149:
8146:
8145:
8143:
8139:
8131:
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8113:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8098:
8096:
8093:
8091:
8088:
8087:
8086:
8083:
8082:
8080:
8076:
8070:
8067:
8063:
8060:
8059:
8058:
8055:
8051:
8048:
8047:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8034:
8031:
8030:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8007:
8004:
8003:
8002:
7999:
7998:
7996:
7992:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7965:
7964:
7961:
7957:
7954:
7953:
7952:
7949:
7947:
7944:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7923:
7921:
7917:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7864:
7861:
7860:
7859:
7856:
7854:
7851:
7850:
7848:
7844:
7838:
7835:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7815:
7814:
7812:
7810:Southern Asia
7808:
7802:
7799:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7748:
7745:
7744:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7731:
7728:
7727:
7726:
7723:
7722:
7720:
7716:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7700:
7697:
7696:
7694:
7692:South America
7690:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7662:
7659:
7658:
7657:
7656:United States
7654:
7652:
7649:
7647:
7644:
7640:
7637:
7636:
7635:
7632:
7631:
7629:
7627:North America
7625:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7600:
7598:
7594:
7590:
7583:
7578:
7576:
7571:
7569:
7564:
7563:
7560:
7548:
7544:
7540:
7538:
7530:
7529:
7526:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7496:
7492:
7482:
7481:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7446:
7444:
7442:
7438:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7391:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7371:
7368:
7365:
7361:
7360:news agencies
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7346:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7316:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7273:
7270:
7267:
7263:
7260:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7248:
7245:
7244:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7232:
7222:
7219:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7168:
7166:
7162:
7156:
7153:
7150:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7135:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7122:
7120:
7118:
7114:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7066:
7063:
7060:
7056:
7053:
7052:
7050:
7046:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7001:
6999:
6997:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6984:
6980:
6976:
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6967:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6945:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6934:
6932:
6928:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6893:
6891:
6889:
6883:
6877:
6874:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6852:
6849:
6846:
6842:
6839:
6836:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6816:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6786:
6785:
6782:
6779:
6775:
6772:
6771:
6769:
6767:
6763:
6756:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6732:
6729:
6727:
6724:
6722:
6721:Privatization
6719:
6716:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6621:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6603:
6601:
6597:
6593:
6589:
6584:
6580:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
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6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6504:
6502:
6498:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6481:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6451:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6391:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6374:
6370:
6367:
6365:
6362:
6359:
6355:
6352:
6350:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6327:
6323:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6256:
6253:
6252:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6217:
6213:
6208:
6204:
6190:
6189:Years in Iran
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6128:
6125:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6113:Turco-Persian
6111:
6110:
6109:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6084:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6037:
6034:
6033:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5982:War (1980–88)
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5914:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5875:
5874:
5872:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5820:
5818:
5812:
5810:
5804:
5802:
5796:
5794:
5788:
5786:
5780:
5778:
5774:Qara Qoyunlu
5772:
5770:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5757:
5751:
5745:
5743:
5737:
5735:
5729:
5727:
5722:
5720:
5714:
5712:
5706:
5704:
5698:
5696:
5690:
5688:
5682:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5667:
5661:
5655:
5653:
5647:
5645:
5639:
5637:
5631:
5629:
5623:
5621:
5615:
5613:
5607:
5605:
5599:
5597:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5581:
5575:
5565:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5552:
5546:
5540:
5538:
5532:
5530:
5524:
5522:
5516:
5514:
5508:
5506:
5500:
5498:
5492:
5490:
5484:
5482:
5476:
5475:
5473:
5471:550 BC–AD 224
5469:
5463:
5457:
5455:
5449:
5447:
5441:
5439:
5433:
5431:
5427:Neo-Assyrian
5425:
5423:
5417:
5415:
5409:
5407:
5401:
5399:
5393:
5391:
5385:
5383:
5377:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5333:
5329:
5324:
5317:
5312:
5310:
5305:
5303:
5298:
5297:
5294:
5290:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5236:
5232:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5205:
5201:
5195:
5187:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
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5143:
5142:
5136:
5130:
5125:
5109:
5105:
5101:
5095:
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4910:
4906:
4902:
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4858:
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4761:
4755:
4751:
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4742:
4740:
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4736:
4726:
4719:
4713:
4704:
4697:
4693:
4687:
4680:
4677:published in
4676:
4671:
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4660:
4655:
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4642:
4633:
4624:
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4614:
4609:
4607:
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4505:
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4330:
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4316:
4310:
4306:
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4225:
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4216:
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4198:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4182:
4173:
4166:
4165:
4159:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4143:Michael Rubin
4140:
4136:
4131:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4115:Michael Rubin
4112:
4108:
4103:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4087:Michael Rubin
4084:
4080:
4075:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4051:
4044:
4040:
4035:
4028:
4022:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4000:
3995:
3977:
3968:
3958:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3927:
3920:
3919:Richard Foltz
3915:
3909:
3905:
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3897:
3893:
3888:
3873:
3869:
3862:
3847:
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3810:
3796:
3789:
3787:
3771:
3767:
3761:
3746:
3742:
3736:
3722:
3719:K. Hoffmann.
3715:
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3514:
3507:
3500:
3496:
3495:
3487:
3472:on 2015-11-27
3471:
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3014:
3011:
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3000:
2997:
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2944:
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2939:Shatt al-Arab
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2928:
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2890:Iraqi dialect
2887:
2883:
2879:
2874:
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2860:
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2827:
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2810:
2808:
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2800:
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2783:The Two Iraqs
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2712:
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2708:
2703:
2696:
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2681:
2678:, written in
2677:
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2540:Iran–Iraq War
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2402:Sayyid Sultan
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2251:
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2224:
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2218:Huwala people
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2200:
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2190:
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2172:
2164:
2161:December 2015
2154:
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2099:
2097:
2093:
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2062:
2058:
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2050:
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2042:
2038:
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2015:
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2006:Takhti-Sangin
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1995:
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1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
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1943:
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1858:
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1581:
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1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:Mongol Empire
1459:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:J. P. Mallory
1442:According to
1440:
1438:
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1430:
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1389:
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1375:
1374:Richard Foltz
1371:
1369:
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1196:
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1103:
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1073:Irān-e Bozorg
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1062:
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957:
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951:
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947:
943:
941:
938:
937:
933:
931:
930:Afsharid Iran
928:
927:
923:
921:
920:Hotak dynasty
918:
917:
913:
911:
910:Mughal Empire
908:
907:
903:
901:
898:
897:
893:
891:
888:
887:
883:
881:
878:
877:
873:
871:
868:
867:
863:
861:
858:
857:
853:
851:
848:
847:
843:
841:
838:
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833:
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823:
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818:
817:
813:
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808:
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803:
801:
798:
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793:
791:
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787:
783:
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778:
777:
773:
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770:Seljuk Empire
768:
767:
763:
761:
758:
757:
753:
751:
748:
747:
743:
741:
738:
737:
733:
731:
730:Buyid dynasty
728:
727:
723:
721:
718:
717:
713:
711:
710:Sajid dynasty
708:
707:
703:
701:
698:
697:
693:
691:
688:
687:
683:
681:
678:
677:
673:
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668:
667:
663:
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653:
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648:
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633:
631:
628:
627:
623:
621:
618:
617:
612:
607:
606:
596:
594:
591:
590:
586:
584:
581:
580:
576:
574:
571:
570:
566:
564:
561:
560:
556:
554:
551:
550:
546:
544:
541:
540:
536:
534:
531:
530:
526:
524:
521:
520:
516:
514:
513:Kushan Empire
511:
510:
506:
505:
496:
494:
491:
490:
484:
482:
479:
478:
474:
472:
469:
468:
464:
462:
459:
458:
454:
452:
449:
448:
444:
442:
439:
438:
434:
432:
429:
428:
424:
422:
419:
418:
414:
412:
409:
408:
404:
402:
401:Median Empire
399:
398:
394:
392:
389:
388:
384:
382:
379:
378:
374:
372:
369:
368:
364:
362:
359:
358:
354:
352:
349:
348:
345:
343:
340:
339:
336:
334:
331:
330:
327:
325:
322:
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312:
309:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
286:
284:
281:
280:
276:
274:
271:
270:
263:
261:
258:
257:
254:
252:
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246:
243:
242:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
218:
214:
213:
204:
201:
186:
176:
172:
168:
162:
161:
156:This article
154:
145:
144:
135:
132:
124:
114:
109:
107:
103:
99:
92:
83:
82:
77:
75:
68:
67:
62:
61:
56:
51:
42:
41:
37:
33:
19:
8372:Central Asia
8285:Partitionism
8279:
8278:
8275:
7832:Pashtunistan
7718:Western Asia
7651:Saint Martin
7618:South Africa
7494:Other topics
7478:
7406:Persian name
7345:Islamization
7287:
7247:Architecture
7200:universities
7145:Zoroastrians
7140:Christianity
7130:Baháʼí Faith
7080:Azerbaijanis
6987:Demographics
6801:Construction
6789:Central Bank
6731:Space Agency
6626:Child labour
6461:Principlists
6441:Cyberwarfare
6389:Human rights
6354:Constitution
6149:Azerbaijanis
6118:Indo-Persian
6098:Greater Iran
6097:
5969:siege (1980)
5928:1979–present
5579:early modern
5577:Medieval and
5371:Kura-Araxes
5288:
5274:
5256:
5229:
5207:. Retrieved
5203:
5194:
5167:
5163:
5153:
5139:
5135:
5124:
5112:. Retrieved
5108:the original
5079:. Retrieved
5075:the original
5070:Tehran Times
5068:
5059:
5050:
5027:
5021:
5012:
5005:. Retrieved
4997:
4984:
4976:
4958:
4941:
4927:
4918:
4850:
4832:
4798:
4775:
4768:
4748:
4725:
4717:
4712:
4703:
4695:
4694:featured in
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4641:
4632:
4612:
4595:
4590:
4582:
4567:
4563:
4545:Nameh-i Iran
4544:
4535:
4525:
4519:
4514:
4499:
4498:Lorentz, J.
4494:
4478:
4470:
4441:
4437:
4431:
4412:
4406:
4387:
4378:
4344:
4337:
4303:
4296:
4276:
4269:
4249:
4242:
4222:
4215:
4191:
4181:
4172:
4162:
4158:
4139:Eternal Iran
4138:
4130:
4111:Eternal Iran
4110:
4102:
4083:Eternal Iran
4082:
4074:
4058:
4050:
4034:
4021:
3998:
3994:
3976:
3967:
3957:
3936:
3926:
3914:
3907:
3896:Greater Iran
3895:
3887:
3875:. Retrieved
3871:
3866:Ed Eduljee.
3861:
3849:. Retrieved
3845:
3840:Ed Eduljee.
3835:
3823:. Retrieved
3819:
3814:Ed Eduljee.
3809:
3798:. Retrieved
3773:. Retrieved
3769:
3760:
3748:. Retrieved
3744:
3735:
3724:. Retrieved
3714:
3703:. Retrieved
3694:
3683:. Retrieved
3673:
3662:. Retrieved
3652:
3644:
3635:
3628:
3608:
3601:
3589:
3569:
3562:
3554:
3540:
3534:
3526:
3512:
3506:
3498:
3493:
3486:
3474:. Retrieved
3470:the original
3466:columbia.edu
3465:
3456:
3436:
3418:
3407:
3401:
3393:the original
3383:
3364:
3358:
3346:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3268:
3255:
3210:
3041:
2999:Ali Larijani
2993:
2989:
2958:
2955:Anbar (town)
2951:Peroz-Shapur
2950:
2942:
2934:
2926:
2916:
2908:
2898:
2875:
2849:
2845:Ḥāfeẓ-e Abru
2823:
2818:Ḥāfeẓ-e Abru
2811:
2790:
2780:
2761:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2726:
2715:
2661:Iranologist
2591:
2551:
2515:
2507:
2501:
2499:
2483:
2472:
2433:
2400:policies of
2398:expansionist
2375:
2334:
2304:
2297:
2262:
2231:
2182:
2167:
2158:
2135:
2065:
2036:
2024:
2019:
1984:Central Asia
1965:Azerbaijanis
1962:
1875:
1860:
1786:
1775:fortress in
1722:
1714:
1686:
1682:Persian Iraq
1680:
1670:
1656:
1645:
1625:Persian Gulf
1594:
1549:
1543:the Land of
1540:
1536:
1524:
1522:
1517:Greater Iran
1516:
1490:
1488:
1474:
1456:
1452:greater Iran
1451:
1441:
1426:
1401:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1329:
1278:
1274:
1267:Turkmenistan
1246:
1238:
1224:
1209:through the
1132:
1125:
1094:Central Asia
1081:
1077:
1060:
1057:Greater Iran
1056:
1055:
1017:Persian text
1014:
940:Zand dynasty
820:Kart dynasty
502:
493:Roman Empire
248:
239:
228:Greater Iran
227:
196:
180:
165:Please help
157:
127:
118:
95:
71:
64:
58:
57:Please help
54:
8382:Middle East
8297:Revisionism
8239:Switzerland
8234:Netherlands
7895:Philippines
7794:Pan-Turkism
7589:Irredentism
7511:Tehrangeles
7474:Traditional
7211:Nationality
7149:persecution
7134:persecution
7085:Circassians
7034:Neo-Aramaic
7014:Azerbaijani
6886:State-owned
6811:Health care
6774:Agriculture
6611:Brain drain
6550:Ambassadors
6245:Earthquakes
5782:Aq Qoyunlu
5731:Muzaffarid
5708:Eldiguzids
5700:Anushtegin
5526:Kingdom of
5502:Kingdom of
5494:Kingdom of
5486:Atropatene
5478:Achaemenid
5419:Kingdom of
5364:3400–539 BC
5007:11 February
4645:Juan Cole,
3220:Achaemenids
3190:Pan-Iranism
3092:Iran portal
2764:Abbasid era
2718:Iranologist
2709:at time of
2594:Achaemenids
2558:Mesopotamia
2076:Mount Imeon
2045:Ahura Mazda
2025:Iran-zameen
1942:Nakhichevan
1853:Shirvanshah
1659:Achaemenids
1556:Abbas Mirza
1458:George Lane
1435:located in
1433:Indus River
1384:Transoxiana
1349:Old Persian
1341:Zoroastrian
1259:Afghanistan
1231:New Persian
1203:Afghanistan
1201:. Parts of
1082:Persosphere
1078:Iranosphere
650:Shirvanshah
577:880s – 1045
236:Pre-Islamic
226:History of
183:August 2023
121:August 2023
8316:Categories
8301:Rump state
8293:Revanchism
8220:Lebensraum
8069:Yugoslavia
7837:Tamil Nadu
7817:Bangladesh
7742:Azerbaijan
7603:Mauritania
7411:Philosophy
7370:newspapers
7351:Literature
7256:architects
7251:Achaemenid
7171:Corruption
6631:Corruption
6471:Reformists
6466:Propaganda
6364:Corruption
6349:Censorship
6292:Lake Urmia
5980:Iran–Iraq
5676:Ghaznavid
5554:AD 224–651
5518:Frataraka
5350:Prehistory
5209:9 December
5146:Arvand-Rud
5114:8 February
5081:8 February
4865:Persepolis
4861:Pasargadae
4475:Daniel, E.
3877:9 December
3851:9 December
3825:9 December
3800:2011-01-14
3775:9 December
3750:9 December
3741:"ĒRĀN-WĒZ"
3726:2011-01-14
3705:2011-01-14
3685:2011-01-14
3664:2011-01-14
3476:9 December
3282:Tajikistan
3274:South Asia
3008:, and the
2931:Muqdadiyah
2816:historian
2687:Achaemenid
2680:Babylonian
2610:Persepolis
2606:Pasargadae
2570:Babylonian
2534:See also:
2512:rose water
2510:made from
2341:Nadir Shah
2292:Ghaznavids
2234:Achaemenid
2212:See also:
2111:See also:
2074:, ancient
2055:historian
2010:Tajikistan
1996:head of a
1871:Azerbaijan
1819:See also:
1742:See also:
1719:Al-Ghazali
1699:Ghaznavids
1621:suzerainty
1541:Turanzamin
1531:ایرانزمین
1513:Nader Shah
1499:Background
1477:Mir Khwand
1355:Definition
1271:Tajikistan
1263:Uzbekistan
1229:", is the
1199:Aras River
1185:; and the
1183:Azerbaijan
1098:South Asia
1069:ایران بزرگ
1051:Khosrow II
1047: 620
960:Qajar Iran
800:Salghurids
714:889/90–929
250:Prehistory
175:Wikisource
60:improve it
30:See also:
8387:West Asia
8255:Australia
7870:Indonesia
7759:Kurdistan
7699:Argentina
7666:Greenland
7376:Mythology
7282:Calendars
7272:Astronomy
7181:Education
7090:Georgians
7075:Assyrians
7070:Armenians
6996:Languages
6888:companies
6851:Transport
6831:Petroleum
6616:Companies
6555:President
6542:Officials
6476:Terrorism
6425:Air Force
6369:Elections
6307:Provinces
6302:Mountains
6212:Geography
6132:languages
5870:1925–1979
5798:Afsharid
5759:1370–1925
5747:Chobanid
5641:Saffarid
5593:Rashidun
5561:Sasanian
5542:Kings of
5534:Parthian
5510:Seleucid
5451:Scythian
5411:Kassites
5395:Akkadian
5032:Routledge
4905:Sassanian
4893:Ctesiphon
4881:Parthians
4877:Seleucids
4853:Herodotus
4454:0890-4464
4448:: 47–66.
4364:cite book
4323:cite book
4025:Numista:
3338:162213219
3244:Afsharids
3236:Saffarids
3228:Sasanians
3224:Parthians
3044:Kurdistan
3038:Kurdistan
2987:in 1746.
2969:1622–1638
2965:1501–1533
2935:Arvandrud
2873:in Iran.
2809:"ʿErāq".
2683:cuneiform
2650:Sassanian
2638:Ctesiphon
2626:Parthians
2622:Seleucids
2598:Herodotus
2596:named by
2586:Ctesiphon
2548:Asuristan
2520:agar agar
2486:Reza Shah
2414:Arad Fort
2311:Kharijite
2278:Mishmahig
2258:Sassanids
2254:Parthians
2203:West Asia
2153:talk page
2084:Turkmenia
2037:Iranovich
1994:alabaster
1773:Sassanian
1727:Chorasmia
1673:Abbassids
1623:over the
1590:in 1873.
1580:Samarkand
1578:in 1867,
1574:in 1864,
1537:Iranzamin
1525:Iranzamin
1481:Euphrates
1466:Ilkhanids
1311:sources:
1285:Zoroaster
1253:, an old
1221:Etymology
1217:in 1905.
1102:East Asia
1086:West Asia
964:1794–1925
954:1794–1826
944:1750–1794
934:1736–1750
924:1722–1729
914:1526–1857
904:1501–1722
894:1378–1508
884:1407–1468
874:1370–1507
864:1339–1432
854:1337–1357
844:1314–1393
834:1299–1923
824:1231–1389
814:1256–1353
810:Ilkhanate
804:1148–1282
794:1077–1307
784:1077–1231
774:1037–1194
597:1008–1490
355:2200–1700
277:3200–2800
171:Wikiquote
158:contains
113:talk page
66:talk page
8186:Wallonia
8100:Dalmatia
8018:Bulgaria
7980:Slovenia
7900:Thailand
7890:Mongolia
7885:Malaysia
7853:Cambodia
7709:Colombia
7537:Category
7430:football
7421:Scouting
7331:Iranians
7321:Folklore
7117:Religion
7029:Georgian
7009:Armenian
6870:shipping
6865:railways
6855:airlines
6821:Industry
6686:Taxation
6500:Councils
6416:Military
6331:Politics
6312:Wildlife
6277:Caucasus
6159:Persians
6086:See also
5910:Iranian
5877:Pahlavi
5790:Safavid
5766:Timurid
5669:977–1432
5649:Ziyarid
5625:Tahirid
5617:Samanid
5609:Abbasid
5601:Umayyad
5586:632–1090
5403:Lullubi
5387:Elamite
5255:(2015).
5186:25202975
4926:(1975).
4889:Seleucia
4879:and the
4857:Ecbatana
4831:(1993).
4541:Xinjiang
4502:. 1995.
4481:. 2001.
4462:24048765
4386:(1993).
4189:(1995).
4061:. 2004.
4043:Dehkhoda
3816:"Haroyu"
3240:Safavids
3232:Samanids
3078:See also
2927:Shahrban
2918:Suristan
2867:Safavids
2855:Iranians
2843:—
2752:—
2738:—
2729:lowlands
2659:—
2634:Seleucia
2624:and the
2602:Ecbatana
2582:Sasanian
2578:Parthian
2574:Assyrian
2566:Akkadian
2562:Sumerian
2452:Karzakan
2448:Salmabad
2444:Karbabad
2418:Muharraq
2274:al-Qatif
2269:Shapur I
2265:Ardashir
2256:and the
2246:Nearchus
2107:Xinjiang
2021:Khwarazm
2002:Bactrian
1954:Dagestan
1906:Karabakh
1733:Caucasus
1707:Timurids
1695:Damaghan
1687:Khorasan
1588:Amudarya
1572:Tashkent
1511:Coin of
1437:Pakistan
1404:pantheon
1396:Sogdians
1380:Khwarizm
1337:Sasanian
1319:and the
1305:Vidēvdād
1297:Margiana
1293:Sogdiana
1247:airyānąm
1235:genitive
1175:Dagestan
1135:Safavids
1112:and the
1106:Xinjiang
1090:Caucasus
1049:, under
754:975–1187
744:941–1062
734:934–1055
724:928–1043
694:861–1003
654:799–1607
644:750–1258
342:Corduene
287:2800–550
241:BCE / BC
8248:Oceania
8229:Ireland
8198:Austria
8193:Germany
8176:Celtics
8171:Belgium
8153:Karelia
8148:Finland
8095:Corsica
8062:Galicia
8023:Croatia
8001:Albania
7985:Ukraine
7973:Ukraine
7951:Romania
7941:Moldova
7936:Hungary
7926:Belarus
7910:Vietnam
7737:Assyria
7730:Artsakh
7725:Armenia
7613:Somalia
7608:Morocco
7480:Ey Iran
7428: (
7388: (
7364:student
7362: (
7358: (
7343: (
7311:Cuisine
7296:Fashion
7284: (
7264: (
7249: (
7235:Culture
7183: (
7147: (
7132: (
7105:Turkmen
7057: (
7048:Peoples
7019:Kurdish
6975:Society
6876:Tourism
6853: (
6843: (
6833: (
6813: (
6806:Defense
6776: (
6766:Sectors
6753: (
6713: (
6618: (
6599:General
6588:Economy
6478: (
6448: (
6418: (
6371: (
6356: (
6342:General
6297:Islands
6233:largest
6223:Borders
5692:Seljuk
5684:Ghurid
5633:Alavid
5443:Median
5435:Urartu
5357:Ancient
5337:History
5200:"Media"
4901:Baghdad
4897:Babylon
4873:Babylon
4583:Bahrain
4153:p.31-32
3950:Aramaic
3931:Indus".
3330:1508723
3278:Bahrain
3064:Simurgh
3052:Kurdish
3032:Mashhad
3021:Karbala
2953:-->
2947:Amadiya
2913:Haditha
2905:Baghdad
2871:Shi'ism
2869:forced
2826:Persian
2814:Timurid
2803:Isfahan
2787:Khāqāni
2733:plateau
2695:Babylon
2646:Baghdad
2642:Babylon
2618:Babylon
2503:mahyawa
2440:Safavid
2436:Persian
2386:Qawasim
2382:Bushehr
2357:Bushire
2345:Bushehr
2208:Bahrain
2193:Yarkand
2189:Kashgar
2049:Pahlavi
2041:Urgandj
1950:Armenia
1922:Derbent
1902:Shirvan
1886:Georgia
1845:Shirvan
1797:Derbent
1791:in the
1777:Derbent
1703:Seljuqs
1677:Baghdad
1667:Regions
1637:of the
1629:Bahrain
1609:Derbent
1576:Bukhara
1564:Tsarist
1509:Ashrafi
1483:to the
1470:Uljaytu
1427:To the
1420:Anahita
1412:deities
1408:symbols
1301:Bactria
1275:aryānām
1251:Avestan
1239:aryānām
1237:plural
1191:Armenia
1179:Georgia
1149:to the
1080:or the
1065:Persian
704:819–999
684:864–928
674:840–897
664:821–873
634:661–750
624:637–651
611:Islamic
567:642–760
557:565–879
547:425–557
537:305–995
527:224–651
504:CE / AD
465:250–125
445:330–150
425:550–330
415:652–625
405:728–550
395:860–590
385:911–609
333:Cyrtian
324:Gutians
311:Lullubi
302:Mannaea
8181:France
8130:Ticino
8105:Istria
8050:Kosovo
8045:Serbia
8033:Enosis
8028:Greece
7968:Crimea
7963:Russia
7946:Poland
7789:Cyprus
7784:Turkey
7774:Israel
7754:Cyprus
7671:Mexico
7661:Canada
7646:Mexico
7634:Canada
7596:Africa
7547:Portal
7306:Cinema
7288:Nowruz
7185:higher
7059:abroad
7024:Hebrew
6930:Places
6826:Mining
6651:Energy
6228:Cities
6144:Aryans
5863:Modern
5814:Qajar
5657:Buyid
5325:topics
5281:
5263:
5241:
5184:
5038:
4969:
4934:
4885:Tigris
4843:
4806:
4756:
4551:
4506:
4489:, p.28
4485:
4460:
4452:
4419:
4394:
4352:
4311:
4284:
4257:
4230:
4203:
4149:
4121:
4097:p.9,10
4093:
4069:, p.78
4065:
3944:
3902:
3700:"IRAN"
3616:
3577:
3547:
3519:
3447:
3371:
3336:
3328:
3248:Qajars
3060:Newroz
2941:, and
2909:Nokard
2901:’Anbār
2880:. The
2851:Iraqis
2830:Arabic
2799:Tehran
2707:Persia
2689:king,
2630:Tigris
2572:, and
2546:, and
2518:) and
2508:pishoo
2468:Manama
2460:Barbar
2404:, the
2390:Shiraz
2337:Persia
2328:under
2315:Huwala
2195:, and
2146:relate
2094:, and
2080:Sanjan
2068:Semnan
2033:Avesta
1974:satrap
1946:Erivan
1926:Talysh
1855:, and
1809:Norouz
1781:UNESCO
1762:, and
1697:. The
1691:Gurgan
1597:Tehran
1560:Vizier
1464:, the
1388:Pamirs
1317:Persia
1313:Arianē
1243:Avesta
1227:Aryans
1169:: the
1141:. The
1139:Qajars
1100:, and
1088:, the
583:Alania
517:30–275
391:Urartu
106:relate
8265:Samoa
8125:Savoy
8115:Malta
8090:Corfu
8085:Italy
8078:Italy
8057:Spain
7905:Timor
7880:Korea
7875:Japan
7858:China
7827:Nepal
7822:India
7801:Yemen
7779:Syria
7704:Chile
7441:Music
7426:Sport
7356:Media
7341:Islam
7277:Blogs
7221:Women
7176:Crime
7164:Other
7125:Islam
7095:Kurds
6860:metro
6778:fruit
6736:Setad
5806:Zand
5716:Kart
5182:JSTOR
4780:(PDF)
4458:JSTOR
3334:S2CID
3326:JSTOR
3216:Medes
3185:-stan
3072:Medes
3048:Kurds
3017:Najaf
2943:Asheb
2863:Sunni
2516:golab
2490:hijab
2479:Farsi
2456:Duraz
2416:, in
2371:Zands
2353:Qajar
2242:pearl
2238:Tylos
2197:Hotan
2102:China
2072:Pamir
2061:Aryan
1914:Shaki
1910:Ganja
1584:Khiva
1550:With
1545:Turan
1416:Mitra
1392:Medes
1325:Herat
1309:Greek
1195:Iğdır
315:Zamua
8120:Nice
7769:Iraq
7764:Iran
7676:Cuba
7469:Rock
7454:Jazz
7449:Folk
7315:wine
7100:Jews
6430:Navy
6420:Army
6399:LGBT
5323:Iran
5279:ISBN
5261:ISBN
5239:ISBN
5211:2015
5116:2013
5083:2013
5036:ISBN
5009:2012
4967:ISBN
4932:ISBN
4891:and
4887:—to
4871:and
4869:Susa
4841:ISBN
4804:ISBN
4754:ISBN
4549:ISBN
4518:See
4504:ISBN
4483:ISBN
4450:ISSN
4417:ISBN
4392:ISBN
4370:link
4350:ISBN
4329:link
4309:ISBN
4282:ISBN
4255:ISBN
4228:ISBN
4201:ISBN
4147:ISBN
4125:p.30
4119:ISBN
4091:ISBN
4063:ISBN
3942:ISBN
3900:ISBN
3879:2015
3853:2015
3827:2015
3777:2015
3752:2015
3614:ISBN
3575:ISBN
3545:ISBN
3517:ISBN
3478:2015
3445:ISBN
3369:ISBN
3280:and
3246:and
3062:and
3019:and
2967:and
2923:Kufa
2903:and
2859:Shia
2836:the
2828:and
2807:Īlām
2805:and
2795:Arāk
2776:Iraq
2768:Iran
2674:The
2636:and
2632:—to
2616:and
2614:Susa
2580:and
2554:Iraq
2530:Iraq
2349:hajj
2324:The
2300:Oman
2216:and
2183:The
2115:and
1958:Aras
1944:and
1918:Quba
1898:Baku
1867:Iran
1805:Tats
1705:and
1693:and
1613:Shah
1605:Baku
1586:and
1568:Aral
1489:The
1485:Oxus
1446:and
1370:d."
1287:and
1269:and
1147:Iraq
1137:and
1038:The
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7459:Pop
7262:Art
6845:TCI
5172:doi
4863:or
3641:469
3318:doi
2608:or
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