410:
confirmed the presence of fourteen shipwrecks, identified two significant targets, and claimed to have acquired sonar imagery of both the bell and De Brito's galleon. The location of these targets has not been made public. He claimed both targets were well outside the area where the bell was previously thought to be. Lay stated that the myths and legends surrounding the location of the bell were not supported by his evidence and that the location of the bell had been significantly overlooked by a misinterpretation of history. "The location of the bell was quite surprising", he said.
89:
413:
Lay conducted the search as part of the Lady
Southern Cross Search Expedition, an ongoing privately funded operation conducted over eight years. The search was a gesture to the people and Government of Myanmar in thanks for assistance and support in allowing Lay to search for and recover the wreckage
370:
The project is not without its opponents: Some pro-democracy campaigners say the salvage operation could be construed as an endorsement by the international community of
Myanmar's military dictatorship, and should wait until talks with the regime have progressed or until such time as a democratic
409:
to be another foreigner who had decided to take up the project. Lay and his team conducted extensive side scan sonar surveys and diving operations, covering approximately four square kilometers of river floor in the area where the bell was thought to be located. Lay and his team identified and
374:
Hatchers's team intended to begin the first of seven salvage projects in March 2001, and determine the precise location of the bell. After a flurry of excitement stirred up by the BBC's announcement of the project, however, it apparently did not get off the ground, perhaps due to complications
339:
images of objects in the area for guidance. The search is complicated by the presence of at least three shipwrecks in the area. The water is muddy and visibility extremely poor. The bell could be buried in up to 25 feet (7.6 m) of mud and is thought to rest between the wrecks of two
362:
In 2000, the
Burmese government asked an English marine scientist named Mike Hatcher and his team to raise the bell so that it could be restored to the Pagoda. Hatcher agreed to manage the project, which has involvement from Japanese, Australian and American companies.
749:
312:. From here, the bell was hauled by elephants to the Bago River. The bell and raft were lashed to de Brito's flagship for the journey across the river to Syriam, to be melted down and made into cannon. The load proved too heavy, and at the confluence of the Bago and
395:
in the muddy rapids of the confluence of the two rivers, and assemble a large crane to lift the bell. Once lifted, they will construct a railway to transport it uphill about half a mile to the
Shwedagon Pagoda. This final operation will take about four months.
390:
detectors (since the mud around the bronze bell would be expected to have a high concentration of copper sulphate). About nine months after the survey they expect to lift the bell from the river. To do this, they will have to build a small version of an
425:
Previous attempts to locate the bell by both domestic and foreign teams since 1987 either failed or did not materialize. Some other treasures from the
Shwedagon, part of the original loot, are also believed to be present, and guarded by
757:
229:"I found in a faire hall a very large bell which we measured, and found to be seven paces and three hand breadths and it is full of letters from the top to the bottom but there was no Nation that could understand them."
440:
In August 2014, researcher San Linn claimed that the bell has been found and that preparations were being made for salvage. However, these claims were found to be false, and searches for the bell continue.
1490:
1485:
225:
gem merchant, visited the
Shwedagon Pagoda and described the King Dhammazedi Bell in his diary as being engraved from top to bottom with writing that he could not decipher:
1455:
1348:
624:
720:
536:
335:
Many people have tried to find the bell, so far without success. Professional deep sea diver James Blunt has made 115 exploratory dives, using
285:
to Dagon and the surrounding countryside. De Brito declared independence from the
Arakanese king in 1603 and established Portuguese rule under
779:
406:
437:
held a workshop in Yangon to organize a renewed attempt with the
Singaporean firm pledging US$ 10 million for the non-profit project.
1539:
688:
563:
1495:
382:
If the project ever does go forward, divers will likely use some combination of sub-bottom profilers, personal mounted sonar,
1545:
634:
190:, and he predicted the bell would not produce any sound. After the bell was completed, it reportedly had an unpleasant tone.
316:, off what is now known as Monkey Point, the raft broke up and the bell went to the bottom, taking de Brito's ship with it.
1600:
1323:
433:
At the end of June 2012, the
Historical Research Department of the Ministry of Culture and SD Mark International LLP Co of
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102:
663:
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728:
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and John
Thompson "Tommy" Pethybridge, who disappeared off the coast of Myanmar on November 8, 1935.
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1507:
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419:
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appointed de Brito as governor of Syriam. By 1600, de Brito had extended his power across the
1512:
1475:
1390:
1188:
898:
475:
427:
187:
142:, believed to be the largest bell ever cast. It was cast on 5 February 1484 by order of King
806:
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1435:
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1017:
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8:
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1502:
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1142:
826:
383:
147:
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724:
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626:
Asia in the Making of Europe, Volume III: A Century of Advance. Book 3: Southeast Asia
503:
1216:
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630:
286:
247:
139:
50:
698:
574:
430:. Some locals have claimed to have sighted the bell surfacing on a full moon night.
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96:
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903:
819:
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270:
155:
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401:
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218:
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to the Burmese, arrived in Lower Burma sometime in the 1590s. At that time,
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1288:
1281:
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1231:
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1080:
988:
878:
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in Indonesian waters, with the largest collection of porcelain ever found.
364:
313:
40:
629:. Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 1126–1130.
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888:
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A drawing of the bell as it appeared while still at the Shwedagon Pagoda
1300:
959:
883:
873:
324:
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262:(now known as Thanlyin) was the most important seaport in the Burmese
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1123:
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1007:
969:
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863:
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In 1608, De Brito and his men removed the Dhammazedi Bell from the
259:
182:
advised him to postpone casting of the bell, because it was at the
954:
1226:
356:
290:
183:
163:
193:
According to contemporary texts, the bell was cast from 180,000
1046:
323:
re-captured Syriam in September 1613. De Brito was executed by
222:
206:
198:
159:
136:
721:"Myanmar vows to accomplish mission on salvaging ancient bell"
689:"Myanmar vows to accomplish mission on salvaging ancient bell"
336:
277:(now known as Bago), the capital of Lower Burma. The King of
214:
918:
858:
842:
570:
238:
European explorers and merchants began to make contacts in
202:
501:
405:
reported an Australian documentary filmmaker and explorer
210:
811:
668:. PBS Home Video, WinStar Home Video. amgworkid:V 176942
1090:
1061:
1037:
750:"Great Bell of Dhammazedi located, search team claims"
597:
539:. Yangon, Myanmar: Myanmar's NET. 2007. Archived from
993:
979:
564:"Voyage to Pegu, and Observations There, Circa 1583"
623:Donald Frederick Lach; Edwin J. Van Kley (1998).
1592:
375:involved in his discovery in June 2000 of the
233:
1133:
827:
665:Quest: Bell Beneath Sea - Burma's Sacred Bell
661:
26:
1286:
718:
834:
820:
686:
604:. Rangoon: American Baptist Mission Press
561:
16:Bronze bell in modern-day Yangon, Myanmar
481:, fictional search for a giant gold bell
355:, along with small pieces of De Brito's
616:
591:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
107:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
1593:
497:
495:
1546:Glockenmuseum Stiftskirche Herrenberg
815:
217:high and eight cubits wide. In 1583,
197:(294 t) of metal which included
130:
1540:Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers
518:
537:"Myanmar's Largest Bell Underwater"
492:
13:
780:"New team resumes search for bell"
14:
1627:
800:
777:
756:. August 27, 2014. Archived from
504:"The World's Three Largest Bells"
330:
132:[dəma̰zèdìkʰáʊɰ̃láʊɰ̃dʑí]
502:Blagovest Russian Church Bells.
87:
771:
598:Pearn, Bertie Reginald (1939).
742:
712:
687:Nilar Win (July 12–18, 2010).
680:
655:
555:
367:is involved in raising funds.
273:force which sacked Syriam and
169:
1:
1572:Freedom Bell, American Legion
1148:Russian Orthodox bell ringing
719:Feng Yingqiu (July 1, 2012).
573:, Autumn 2003. Archived from
485:
1551:Liberty Bell Memorial Museum
1277:Bells of Notre-Dame de Paris
7:
1601:Individual bells in Myanmar
1486:Saarlouiser Glockengießerei
1091:
1062:
1038:
994:
980:
444:
242:in the early 16th century.
234:Theft from Shwedagon Pagoda
213:. It was said to be twelve
10:
1632:
1411:Pieter and François Hemony
319:Burmese forces under King
1531:
1339:
1247:Ivan the Great Bell Tower
1199:
1113:
947:
849:
841:
269:In 1599, de Brito led an
127:
73:
65:
56:
46:
35:
27:
24:
1481:John and William Rufford
1237:Great Bell of Dhammazedi
371:government is in place.
244:Filipe de Brito e Nicote
128:ဓမ္မစေတီခေါင်းလောင်းကြီး
120:Great Bell of Dhammazedi
28:ဓမ္မစေတီခေါင်းလောင်းကြီး
20:Great Bell of Dhammazedi
420:Charles Kingsford Smith
418:and the remains of Sir
188:Crocodile constellation
150:, and presented to the
1561:National Bell Festival
1391:Gillett & Johnston
1287:
1222:Bell of King Seongdeok
1207:List of heaviest bells
1184:Bolognese bell ringing
1134:
884:Bell tower / Campanile
662:Jim Burroughs (1997).
506:. Russian Church Bells
471:Underwater archaeology
466:List of heaviest bells
231:
95:This article contains
1566:Ringing organizations
1189:Veronese bell ringing
227:
1456:Glockengießerei Otto
1421:Franciscus Illenfeld
778:Times, The Myanmar.
760:on September 3, 2014
731:on February 18, 2017
601:A History of Rangoon
461:Tharrawaddy Min Bell
384:night vision devices
1556:Liberty Bell Museum
1466:Petit & Fritsen
1252:Japanese Peace Bell
1162:Full circle ringing
1143:Ellacombe apparatus
416:Lady Southern Cross
327:on a wooden stake.
304:and rolled it down
21:
1616:Religion in Yangon
1606:Culture of Myanmar
1416:Christopher Hodson
725:Xinhua News Agency
399:In July 2010, the
264:Kingdom of Taungoo
19:
1588:
1587:
1319:World Peace Bells
1217:Bell of Good Luck
636:978-0-226-46768-9
308:to a raft on the
287:Aires de Saldanha
103:rendering support
83:
82:
74:Dedicated to
66:Opening date
1623:
1499:
1357:
1292:
1139:
1096:
1067:
1043:
999:
985:
836:
829:
822:
813:
812:
794:
793:
791:
790:
775:
769:
768:
766:
765:
746:
740:
739:
737:
736:
727:. Archived from
716:
710:
709:
707:
706:
697:. Archived from
684:
678:
677:
675:
673:
659:
653:
652:
650:
648:
639:. Archived from
620:
614:
613:
611:
609:
595:
589:
588:
586:
585:
579:
568:
559:
553:
552:
550:
548:
543:on 13 April 2010
533:
516:
515:
513:
511:
499:
451:Shwedagon Pagoda
310:Pazundaung Creek
302:Shwedagon Pagoda
295:Portuguese India
152:Shwedagon Pagoda
148:Hanthawaddy Pegu
134:
129:
109: instead of
91:
90:
78:Shwedagon Pagoda
30:
29:
22:
18:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1527:
1493:
1381:Kashpir Ganusov
1376:Royal Eijsbouts
1351:
1341:
1335:
1331:Yongle Big Bell
1212:Balangiga bells
1195:
1109:
943:
851:
850:Background and
845:
840:
803:
798:
797:
788:
786:
776:
772:
763:
761:
748:
747:
743:
734:
732:
717:
713:
704:
702:
685:
681:
671:
669:
660:
656:
646:
644:
643:on 29 June 2011
637:
621:
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596:
592:
583:
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577:
566:
562:Gaspero Balbi.
560:
556:
546:
544:
535:
534:
519:
509:
507:
500:
493:
488:
447:
388:copper sulphate
333:
306:Singuttara Hill
236:
172:
116:
115:
114:
101:Without proper
92:
88:
69:5 February 1484
61:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1629:
1619:
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1613:
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1603:
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1526:
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1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1471:Richard Phelps
1468:
1463:
1458:
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1448:
1443:
1438:
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1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1366:Andrey Chokhov
1363:
1358:
1345:
1343:
1340:Bell founders
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1316:
1311:
1303:
1298:
1296:Sigismund Bell
1293:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1267:Maria Gloriosa
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
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1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
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1191:
1186:
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1177:Method ringing
1174:
1167:Change ringing
1159:
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1117:
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1114:Ringing styles
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934:Striking clock
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801:External links
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477:The Long Ships
473:
468:
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458:
456:Singu Min Bell
453:
446:
443:
332:
331:Current status
329:
235:
232:
174:In 1484, King
171:
168:
111:Burmese script
105:, you may see
97:Burmese script
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1598:
1596:
1581:
1580:
1579:All the Bells
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1552:
1549:
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1524:
1523:Geert van Wou
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1361:Bilbie family
1359:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1342:and foundries
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1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:Notable bells
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1190:
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1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
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1119:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1106:
1105:Tubular bells
1103:
1101:
1100:Tintinnabulum
1098:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1086:Standing bell
1084:
1082:
1079:
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946:
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937:
935:
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927:
925:
924:Ring of bells
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907:
905:
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867:
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860:
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854:
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844:
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814:
808:
805:
804:
785:
781:
774:
759:
755:
751:
745:
730:
726:
722:
715:
701:on 2011-04-11
700:
696:
695:
694:Myanmar Times
690:
683:
667:
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638:
632:
628:
627:
619:
603:
602:
594:
580:on 2011-01-12
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408:
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402:Myanmar Times
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346:
345:East Indiaman
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314:Yangon Rivers
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39:Sunk beneath
38:
34:
23:
1577:
1570:
1538:
1386:Vanden Gheyn
1306:
1289:Petersglocke
1282:Olympic Bell
1262:Liberty Bell
1257:Justice Bell
1236:
1232:Freedom Bell
1172:Call changes
1081:Servant bell
989:Bicycle bell
879:Bell pattern
869:Bellfounding
787:. Retrieved
783:
773:
762:. Retrieved
758:the original
753:
744:
733:. Retrieved
729:the original
714:
703:. Retrieved
699:the original
692:
682:
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664:
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641:the original
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575:the original
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393:oil platform
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353:Koning David
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250:warlord and
237:
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186:time of the
184:inauspicious
173:
119:
117:
94:
41:Yangon River
1518:Whitechapel
1494: [
1451:Olsen Nauen
1446:John Murphy
1401:Miles Graye
1352: [
1307:Temple Bell
1272:Mingun Bell
1076:Ship's bell
1057:Jingle bell
1023:Crotal bell
1013:Church bell
929:Strike tone
909:Campanology
894:Bell shrine
889:Bell-ringer
852:terminology
784:mmtimes.com
428:nat spirits
321:Anaukpetlun
240:Lower Burma
170:Description
51:Temple bell
1611:1484 works
1595:Categories
1508:Hugh Watts
1301:Swan Bells
960:Altar bell
874:Bell-gable
789:2016-04-07
764:2014-08-27
735:2012-07-01
705:2011-05-08
584:2011-05-08
486:References
407:Damien Lay
325:impalement
283:Bago River
248:Portuguese
180:astrologer
176:Dhammazedi
144:Dhammazedi
1491:Schilling
1431:Marinelli
1396:Grassmayr
1349:Bergholtz
1314:Tsar Bell
1242:Great Tom
1153:Blagovest
1071:Mini-ring
1028:Dead bell
1003:Call bell
982:Bianzhong
975:Bell tree
939:Zvonnitsa
435:Singapore
271:Arakanese
256:Nga Zinka
254:known as
252:mercenary
158:(today's
1324:Kentucky
1309:(Boston)
1124:Carillon
1120:Chiming
1052:Handbell
1033:Doorbell
1008:Cat bell
970:Babendil
965:Aluphone
864:Bell-cot
445:See also
377:Tek Sing
223:Venetian
135:) was a
57:Material
36:Location
1532:Related
1476:Rudhall
1461:Paccard
1441:Meneely
1436:McShane
1426:Juutila
1227:Big Ben
1136:Canpanò
1018:Cowbell
904:Bourdon
414:of the
357:galleon
347:ships:
291:Viceroy
164:Myanmar
124:Burmese
1513:Warner
1503:Taylor
1371:Cockey
1047:Ghanta
1040:Dōtaku
996:Bonshō
899:Belfry
754:Eleven
672:22 May
647:22 May
633:
608:22 May
547:22 May
510:22 May
479:(film)
386:, and
349:Komine
279:Arakan
260:Syriam
215:cubits
207:copper
199:silver
160:Yangon
137:bronze
60:bronze
1498:]
1406:Hatch
1356:]
1129:Chime
955:Agogô
948:Types
913:index
843:Bells
578:(PDF)
567:(PDF)
342:Dutch
337:sonar
156:Dagon
1093:Suzu
1064:Kane
919:Peal
859:Bell
674:2010
649:2010
631:ISBN
610:2010
571:SOAS
549:2010
512:2010
351:and
275:Pegu
246:, a
221:, a
209:and
203:gold
201:and
195:viss
140:bell
118:The
47:Type
293:of
211:tin
178:'s
166:).
154:of
146:of
1597::
1496:de
1354:sv
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520:^
494:^
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