42:, lived during the seventh century. The great intellectual project that developed out of both schools of philology, created the sciences of Arabic grammar and lexicography. What emerged from an impetus to interpret the sacred texts of the
449:
393:- Abū ‘Amr Isḥāq ibn Mirār (d. ca. 821- 828), lived a long life and categorized the poetry and lore of at least 80 tribes. His son, ‘Amr ibn Abī ‘Amr (d. 845/846), collected and publicised his works.
60:. The compositions of famous poets were collected, arranged, and committed to writing. The grammarians of al-Baṣrah and al-Kūfah collected the ancient Arabian poetry and arranged the material into “
70:) according to certain principles; either by classes of individuals, tribal groupings, selected qaṣīdas, or by themes of fragments, and edited into anthologies. Examples of their works are the
3685:
152:
279:
135:
54:
of al-Baṣrah and al-Kūfah, led to a communal quest for the purest, least corrupt, Arabic source material, for which they turned to the Pre-Islamic oral poetry as recited by the
2339:
147:
3660:
201:
261:
3588:
3635:
389:
485:
415:
3615:
3690:
219:
211:
189:
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175:
117:
34:
also grown, from an encampment into a town that attracted the great intellectual elites from across the region. The first grammarian of al-Kūfah was
2707:
349:
2479:
194:
357:
249:
3730:
2344:
253:- Abū Muḥammad ‘Abd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā, a.k.a., ‘Abd al-A‘lā ibn Muḥammad, (fl. ca. 741 - 823); an authority on tribal poetry, he was of the
1941:
2832:
2654:
375:- Abū Sa’īd Muḥammad ibn Hubayrah al-Asadī (fl. late C. 9th) of al-Kūfah, grammarian and philologist attached to a son of the Caliph
3000:
179:– a.k.a. Hārūn of al-Ḥīrah, a converted Jew from al-Ḥīrah and a disciple of Tha‘lab, a linguist and grammarian of latter C 9th. .
3750:
2727:
2822:
91:
185:- Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn ‘Āṣim al-Tamīmī, C9th scholar and source for material on Abū ‘Amr al-Shaybānī.
461:, early C9th pupil of Ibn al-A’rābī at al-Kūfah. A narrator of poetry and oral history of the Arab tribes. He compiled the
353:- Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad ibn Sa‘dān al-Ḍarīr (fl. 778 – 846) a language student and reader of the Qur’ān who lived at Baghdād.
215:- Abū Muḥammad ‘Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Harb (d. ca. 893 – 896), language student of al-Kūfah, who died at Damascus.
3740:
1741:
481:(770 – ca. 838) - the son of a Greek slave born at Herat, studied with al-Aṣma’ī and al-Kisā’ī, and became a judge.
2614:
407:. He was from Dawraq near al-Ahwaz. The son, Abū Yūsuf Ya‘qūb ibn Isḥāq Ibn al-Sikkīt, was a tutor to the son of
437:
385:(‘the Syrian’) - Muḥammad (Abū) ‘Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Shāmī, a Syrian pupil of Tha‘lab, in the latter C. 9th.
113:- Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ziyād (ca. 760 – 846). Celebrated linguist of rare phraseology. He died at Sāmarrā.
3745:
2732:
2619:
2509:
1979:
1934:
1768:. Vol. IV. Translated by Mac Guckin de Slane. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
101:- Abū Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Bashshār al-Anbārī’ al-Qāsim, was a pupil of al-Farrā’ and Tha‘lab. His son was
2024:
151:- Abū Muḥammad; a grammarian and associate of al-Farrā’ at al-Kūfah in the early C 9th. His son was the scholar
2079:
283:- Mu’ādh ibn Muslim al-Harrā’, aka ‘’Abū Muslim’’’’ and ‘’Abū ‘Alī’’’’, (ca.722 – 803), was a cloth dealer of
3349:
2980:
2374:
2369:
2276:
3715:
2857:
2539:
811:
477:
430:
2314:
235:- Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn Hamzah of al-Kūfah. Al-Kisā’ī a celebrated grammarian who tutored the sons of the
3725:
2737:
2669:
337:- Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Abī Sārah al-Nīlī al-Ru’āsī, wrote the first grammar book in the
139:- Aḥmad ibn ‘Ubayd (Allāh) ibn Nāṣiḥ, Abū Ja’far (d. 886/887), of al-Kūfah, tutor to the sons of Caliph
3474:
2644:
2589:
2584:
2324:
2271:
1927:
1783:
652:
1709:
1663:
515:
489:- Abū ‘Umar Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd al-Wāḥid al-Mutarriz (ca. 870 – 957), an ascetic philologer of Baghdād.
419:- ‘Abd al-‘Azīz, Abū Muḥammad (probably in early C. 9th) from al-Kūfah, a scholar of tribal dialects.
3279:
3146:
2872:
2604:
2119:
2049:
1811:
1747:
1048:
1495:
3735:
3720:
3236:
3088:
2947:
2852:
2817:
2399:
2054:
1906:
1855:, D. S. (ed.). "Irshād al-Arīb alā Ma'rifat al-Adīb (Yaqut's Dictionary of Learned Men; 7 vols.)".
1852:
1787:
1723:
3603:
3494:
3454:
3096:
3038:
3028:
2912:
2892:
2489:
2444:
2291:
2129:
1815:
1766:
Ibn
Khallikān's Biographical Dictionary (translation of Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-Anbā" Ahnā' al-Zamān)
1757:
Ibn
Khallikān's Biographical Dictionary (translation of Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-Anbā" Ahnā' al-Zamān)
1743:
Ibn
Khallikān's Biographical Dictionary (translation of Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-Anbā" Ahnā' al-Zamān)
121:- Abū Muḥammad. a.k.a., Barzakh, or Nazraḥ, (fl. ca. 800), acclaimed author of book on prosody (
1890:
1873:
1777:
3650:
3593:
3076:
2897:
2544:
2534:
2379:
2059:
628:
531:
313:- Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad (Aḥmad). A scholar of al-Kūfah, he taught Tha‘lab in Baghdād and tutored
109:
3625:
3583:
3499:
3284:
3116:
2827:
2634:
2429:
2349:
2196:
2186:
2009:
3459:
3419:
3304:
3166:
3151:
2907:
2579:
2529:
2454:
2439:
2434:
2329:
2296:
2281:
2261:
2134:
2039:
2019:
291:
83:
39:
1713:
8:
3680:
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3598:
3578:
3534:
3389:
3354:
3299:
3121:
2797:
2504:
2251:
2221:
2069:
441:- Abū al-‘Abbās Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā (ca. 815 – 904), of Baghdād, a celebrated grammarian and
400:
224:
2812:
1727:
473:- Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn ‘Abd Allāh (d.857/858); grammarian of al-Kūfah.
3755:
3620:
3344:
3314:
3289:
3264:
2990:
2955:
2882:
2722:
2574:
2519:
2409:
2404:
2319:
2286:
2236:
2216:
2201:
1974:
1207:
1837:
Suyūṭī (al-), Jalāl al-Dīn ‘Abd al-Raḥmān (1964). Ibrāhīm, Muḥammad Abū l-Faḍl (ed.).
1687:
519:
3675:
3665:
3655:
3630:
3567:
3509:
3469:
3369:
3156:
3111:
2937:
2664:
2639:
2624:
2384:
2306:
2256:
2206:
2094:
1950:
1447:
338:
236:
1838:
1759:. Vol. III. Translated by Mac Guckin de Slane. Paris & London: W. H. Allen.
3610:
3529:
3484:
3414:
3334:
3259:
3244:
3171:
3161:
3141:
2717:
2659:
2359:
2231:
2226:
2168:
2144:
2139:
2114:
1864:
366:
3409:
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3101:
3053:
2649:
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2266:
2099:
2064:
1848:
763:
342:
242:
239:
128:
89:
469:
3539:
3519:
3444:
3404:
3394:
3384:
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3126:
3020:
3010:
2927:
2747:
2674:
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462:
123:
62:
1267:
3709:
3524:
3514:
3424:
3374:
3324:
3294:
3201:
3196:
3186:
3048:
2960:
2917:
2787:
2757:
2712:
2684:
2549:
2514:
2449:
2034:
1998:
1737:
408:
404:
376:
314:
159:
140:
102:
72:
2807:
1603:
1591:
3504:
3479:
3464:
3434:
3429:
3329:
3319:
3221:
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3136:
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2847:
2752:
2679:
2559:
2459:
2414:
2354:
2084:
2014:
1799:
544:
333:
297:
231:
78:
35:
2569:
1291:
3544:
3489:
3449:
3379:
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3043:
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2887:
2782:
2564:
2554:
2524:
2419:
2191:
2149:
2104:
2074:
2044:
2029:
1627:
2474:
1555:
1315:
1072:
3439:
3359:
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3131:
2995:
2970:
2932:
2922:
2877:
2802:
2792:
2777:
2772:
2742:
2694:
2629:
2599:
2424:
2334:
2109:
1963:
1910:
1567:
823:
307:- an 8th century grammarian and philologist of the school of al-Kūfah.
51:
1363:
1255:
847:
799:
787:
715:
38:
who lived in the eighth century, whereas the earliest scholars of the
2965:
2867:
2842:
2762:
2594:
2464:
2394:
2246:
2241:
1825:
1795:
1773:
1651:
1002:
1000:
458:
454:
442:
369:, with links to al-Kūfah who taught in the mosque of the Tarjumānīyah
254:
56:
31:
27:
1919:
1639:
1327:
1279:
1171:
1096:
1060:
1012:
910:
775:
727:
543:
Mosque of the Tarjumānīyah was probably a quarter of West Baghdād. (
3309:
2902:
2862:
2767:
2469:
1909:, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan (1984) . Ibrāhīm, Muḥammad (ed.).
1435:
1387:
1036:
2089:
1519:
1507:
1471:
1411:
1399:
1303:
1231:
1219:
1183:
1120:
1108:
997:
973:
961:
934:
835:
751:
703:
664:
616:
209:
an early C. 9th grammarian at al-Kūfah and a pupil of al-Aṣma’ī. *
2837:
2699:
2389:
1898:
1881:
1615:
1339:
1147:
886:
547:, “Biographical Index”, p. 1094) in the late C 8th - early C 9th.
362:
295:- Ibn Salamah al-Ḍabbī, Abū Ṭālib (d. 903), author of the famous
1804:
The
Fihrist of al-Nadīm A Tenth-Century Survey of Muslim Culture
1675:
1483:
1195:
1024:
820:, pp. 76, 79, 114, 141, 145, 146–49, 158–59, 163, 165, 236.
3274:
2124:
1084:
874:
693:
691:
676:
640:
301:
and a renowned scholar of Qur’an and literature from al-Kūfah.
164:
47:
1543:
898:
580:
1159:
1137:
1135:
951:
949:
922:
864:
862:
661:, pp. 90, 151, 152, 156, 161, 190–91, 234, 248, 344-46..
453:- Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn ‘Abd Allāh Ibn Sinān at-Taimi of the
284:
272:
206:
171:) was an important scholar of al-Kisā’ī, who died aged sixty.
43:
23:
1779:
Kitāb Murūj al-Dhahab wa-Ma'ādin al-Jawhar/Les
Prairies d'or
1579:
1375:
1351:
739:
688:
1672:, pp. 67, 77–78, 80, 82, 105, 113, 156, 157, 162, 171.
604:
325:
168:
19:
1531:
1459:
1423:
1243:
1132:
1057:, pp. 79, 84, 112, 143, 144, 158, 191, 361, 365, 504.
985:
946:
859:
1504:, pp. 122–23, 126, 156, 158, 159, 172, 191, 345–348.
3566:
1872:
Yāqūt, Shihāb al-Dīn ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Ḥamawī (1970) .
592:
568:
265:- Abū Mūsa ‘Īsā al-Kūfī, C 9th grammarian at al-Kūfah.
1897:. Vol. 6 (Photo- graphic reproduction ed.).
1889:
Yāqūt, Shihāb al-Dīn ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Ḥamawī (1965).
245:
and was an authorized
Quranic reader. (d. ca.795/813).
16:
1840:
Bughyat al-Wu'āt fī Ṭabaqāt al-Lughawīyīn wa-al-Nuḥāh
1830:
Bughyat al-Wu'āt fī Ṭabaqāt al-Lughawīyīn wa-al-Nuḥāh
637:, pp. 77–79, 104, 164, 165, 166, 183, 190, 568..
403:, was a scholar of literature who had studied under
1895:
1878:
1806:. New York & London: Columbia University Press.
1782:(in Arabic and French). Vol. 9. Translated by
1851:, Shihāb al-Dīn ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Ḥamawī (1927) .
205:- Hishām ibn Ibrāhīm, Abū ‘Alī, from Karnaba near
534:MS has Ibn Qādim, whereas Flügel gives Abū Qādim.
3707:
1843:(in Arabic). Vol. II. Cairo: Sa‘adah Press.
1763:
1754:
1736:
1724:Iṣbahānī (al-), Abū al-Faraj ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn
1681:
1657:
1597:
1549:
1489:
1441:
1297:
1201:
1153:
1090:
1030:
892:
721:
646:
622:
257:. Born at al-Kūfah and later moved to Baghdād.
163:- Abū Zakarīyā’ Yaḥyā ibn Ziyād (d. 822), from
105:, (885 - 940), a scholar famed for his memory.
1732:(in Arabic). Vol. 20. Cairo: Būlāq Press.
1722:
1078:
1935:
1905:
1772:
1718:(in Arabic). Leipzig: Brockhaus. p. 128.
1645:
1585:
1573:
1357:
1333:
1285:
1261:
1177:
1066:
1042:
916:
853:
829:
793:
781:
745:
697:
411:and a celebrated grammarian. (d. 857 – 861).
1836:
1824:
1764:Khallikān (Ibn), Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad (1871).
1755:Khallikān (Ibn), Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad (1868).
1621:
1525:
1405:
1216:, pp. 96, 135, I37, 161, 179, 350, 742.
1114:
1006:
979:
940:
805:
757:
709:
361:- Abū Ṭalib ‘Abd al-‘Azīz ibn Muḥammad from
1794:
1776:, Abū al-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn al-Ḥusayn (1877) .
1696:, pp. 100, 166, 167–68, 183, 190, 266.
1693:
1669:
1633:
1609:
1561:
1537:
1501:
1465:
1453:
1429:
1393:
1369:
1321:
1273:
1249:
1213:
1165:
1141:
1102:
1054:
1018:
991:
955:
904:
880:
868:
817:
769:
733:
682:
658:
634:
586:
1942:
1928:
1456:, pp. 90, 104, 150, 156, 191, 344–48.
30:river and grew, as had its counterpart at
1810:
610:
598:
574:
1790:, Pavet de. Paris: Imprimerie nationale.
3708:
1828:, Jalāl al-Dīn ‘Abd al-Raḥmān (1909).
1708:
1237:
772:, pp. 145, 147, 149, 165, 190–91.
427:‘Alī ibn Muḥammad ibn Wahb al-Mash’arī
271:- Abū al-Ḥasan (d. ca. 900) lived at
22:began as a military base ca. 638 near
3565:
3074:
2166:
1996:
1961:
1949:
1923:
1888:
1871:
1847:
1513:
1477:
1417:
1381:
1345:
1309:
1225:
1189:
1126:
967:
928:
841:
670:
445:, who moved from al-Kūfah to Baghdād.
379:at Baghdād. Yāqūt calls him Sa‘ūrā’.
317:, the son of the caliph, before 866.
269:Marzabān (ibn),‘Alī ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz
1912:Ṭabaqāt al-Naḥwīyīn wa-al-Lughawīyīn
1832:. Cairo: Sa‘adah Press. p. 404.
1715:Die grammatischen Schulen der Araber
383:Shāmī (al-), Abū Muhammad ‘Abd Allāh
197:(reciter of the Qur’ān) at al-Kūfah.
3731:Scholars from the Abbasid Caliphate
3568:National literatures of Arab states
1276:, pp. 148–149, 160–61, 190–91.
193:(died 824), a blind grammarian and
13:
1750:. Paris & London: W. H. Allen.
505:Authorities differ on these dates.
131:, wrote a refutation of his book.
90:Philologists of al-Kūfah found in
14:
3767:
1612:, pp. 153, 156, 158, 345–46.
1746:. Vol. I–II. Translated by
478:‘Ubayd (Abū) al-Qāsim ibn Sallām
329:(judge) of al-Kūfah (d. 791/792)
323:ibn ‘Abd al-Raḥmān; scholar and
99:Anbārī (al-), Abū Muhammad Qāsim
1997:
1980:Pre-Islamic Arabic inscriptions
1817:A Literary History of the Arabs
1600:, pp. 262, 269, n. 1., IV.
550:
537:
524:
508:
3751:Medieval grammarians of Arabic
2080:Harith ibn Hilliza Al-Yashkuri
1915:(in Arabic). Cairo: Al-Khanjī.
1636:, pp. 147, 149, 160, 191.
1516:, p. 396, Irshād, VI (2).
1480:, p. 300, Irshād, VI (7).
1420:, p. 133, Irshād, VI (7).
1312:, p. 480, Irshād, VI (6).
1228:, p. 211, Irshād, VI (7).
1192:, p. 170, Irshād, VI (7).
1129:, p. 247, Irshād, VI (5).
970:, p. 477, Irshād, VI (6).
844:, p. 234, Irshād, VI (7).
673:, p. 366, Irshād, VI (2).
499:
127:). The scholar of al-Baṣrah,
1:
2277:Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi
2167:
1857:E. J. W. Gibb Memorial Series
1740:, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad (1843).
1564:, pp. 86, 191, 345, 348.
1348:, p. 12, Irshād, VI (7).
1324:, pp. 76, 141, 142, 145.
1300:, pp. 24, 26, n.4., iii.
1240:, p. 128, Gram. Schulen.
562:
429:were early C9th disciples of
190:Hishām ibn Mu‘āwīyah al-Ḍarīr
26:on the western branch of the
1576:, pp. 141–50, §5 (#74).
514:Name spelled incorrectly in
92:al-Fihrist of Isḥāq al-Nadīm
7:
2738:Hamda bint Ziyad al-Muaddib
1372:, pp. 78–79, 154, 174.
1264:, pp. 138–9, §4 (#71).
1081:, p. 114, Aghānī, XII.
856:, pp. 151–2, §6 (#75).
832:, p. 131-33, §3 (#60).
808:, p. 333, Bughyat, II.
796:, pp. 131–3, §3 (#60).
10:
3772:
3075:
2272:Yunus al-Katib al-Mughanni
1820:. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
1702:
3574:
3561:
3280:Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar
3235:
3087:
3083:
3070:
3019:
2946:
2693:
2305:
2179:
2175:
2162:
2005:
1992:
1970:
1957:
1021:, pp. 156, 158, 347.
931:, p. 268, Geog., IV.
736:, pp. 160, 161, 165.
556:Spelled Ṭuwāl, or Ṭuwwāl.
423:Thābit ibn ‘Amr ibn Ḥabīb
3741:Lexicographers of Arabic
2670:Ibn al-Qatta' al-Siqilli
1660:, pp. 238, 486, II.
1648:, p. 137, §4 (#70).
1396:, pp. 154, 626—68..
1384:, p. 836, Geog., I.
1336:, p. 125, §1 (#56).
1288:, p. 133, §3 (#61).
1180:, p. 125, §1 (#57).
1105:, p. 155, 240, 347.
1069:, p. 127, §2 (#59).
1045:, pp. 302, 319, VI.
919:, p. 134, §3 (#63).
784:, p. 137, §4 (#69).
724:, p. 300, n.4., IV.
493:
3039:Abdul Qadir al-Baghdadi
2490:Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani
2345:Abu'l-Qasimbal-Maghribi
2130:Uthman ibn al-Huwayrith
2025:Al-Fāriʿah bint Shaddād
1962:
1528:, p. 210, Bughyat.
1408:, p. 110, Bughyat.
1117:, p. 370, Bughyat.
1009:, p. 404, Bughyat.
982:, p. 287, Bughyat.
943:, p. 408, Bughyat.
760:, p. 260, Bughyat.
712:, p. 144, Bughyat.
292:Mufaḍḍal (al-) al-Ḍabbī
220:Khurāsānī (al-), Naṣrān
153:al-Mufaḍḍal ibn Salamah
3746:Philologists of Arabic
2545:Abu Muhammad al-Anbari
2535:Safiyya al-Baghdadiyya
2050:Al-Nu'man ibn Humaydah
1624:, p. 20, Bughyat.
1444:, pp. 182–183, I.
625:, pp. 53–55, III.
176:Ḥā’ik (al-), Hārūn ibn
103:Abū Bakr Ibn al-Anbārī
3285:Abdur Rahman Kashgari
3117:Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi
2818:Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad
2635:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
2197:Abd al-Hamid al-Katib
2187:Al-Akhtal al-Taghlibi
2010:Abu Layla al-Muhalhel
1814:, Reynold A. (1907).
416:Thābit ibn Abī Thābit
3460:Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi
3420:Mohamed Said Raihani
3305:Mustafa Wahbi al-Tal
3152:Suleyman al-Boustani
2981:'A'isha al-Ba'uniyya
2530:Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur
2455:Marwan ibn Abi Hafsa
2435:Abu Mansur al-Azhari
2330:Abu Firas al-Hamdani
2292:Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a
2282:Dhu Jadan al-Himyari
2262:Qutayla ukht al-Nadr
2135:Zuhayr bin Abi Sulma
2040:Al-Khirniq bint Badr
1901:: Maktabat al-Asadī.
1798:, Ibn Isḥāq (1970).
1682:Khallikān (Ibn) 1868
1658:Khallikān (Ibn) 1843
1598:Khallikān (Ibn) 1871
1550:Khallikān (Ibn) 1843
1490:Khallikān (Ibn) 1871
1442:Khallikān (Ibn) 1843
1298:Khallikān (Ibn) 1868
1202:Khallikān (Ibn) 1843
1154:Khallikān (Ibn) 1868
1091:Khallikān (Ibn) 1843
1031:Khallikān (Ibn) 1843
893:Khallikān (Ibn) 1868
883:, pp. 150, 160.
722:Khallikān (Ibn) 1871
685:, pp. 138, 158.
647:Khallikān (Ibn) 1868
623:Khallikān (Ibn) 1868
401:Ya’qūb Ibn al-Sikkīt
321:Qāsim (al-) ibn Ma‘n
148:‘Āṣim (ibn), Salamah
84:al-Mufaḍḍal al-Ḍabbī
3716:Grammarians of Kufa
3535:Jabra Ibrahim Jabra
3390:Ihsan Abdel Quddous
3122:Ahmad Faris Shidyaq
2505:Abu Nasr al-Jawhari
2380:Baha' al-din Zuhair
2252:Layla al-Akhyaliyya
2120:Samaw'al ibn 'Adiya
2070:Antarah ibn Shaddad
2060:'Amir ibn al-Tufayl
1748:Mac Guckin de Slane
1156:, p. 370, III.
1079:Iṣbahānī (al-) 1868
907:, pp. 67, 154.
895:, p. 612, III.
613:, pp. 127–128.
589:, p. 141, n.2.
465:of Ibn al-Tathriya.
431:Abū ‘Ubayd al-Qāsim
3726:Islamic Golden Age
3345:Abdul Rahman Munif
3315:Fayeq Abdul-Jaleel
3290:Muhammad al-Maghut
3265:Ahlam Mosteghanemi
2991:Hamdallah Mustawfi
2956:Ahmad ibn Arabshah
2575:Abu Ahmad Monajjem
2410:Al-Hariri of Basra
2405:Al-Fath ibn Khaqan
2350:Arib al-Ma'muniyya
2287:Dorayd bin Al Soma
2217:Maysun bint Bahdal
2055:'Alqama ibn 'Abada
1975:Namara inscription
1684:, p. 43, III.
1646:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1586:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1574:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1492:, p. 293, IV.
1358:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1334:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1286:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1262:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1204:, p. 611, II.
1178:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1168:, pp. 142–44.
1067:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
1043:Mas‘ūdī (al-) 1877
1033:, p. 237, II.
917:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
854:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
830:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
794:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
782:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
746:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
698:Zubaydī (al-) 1984
649:, p. 23, III.
275:, a Qur’ān reader.
227:first half C. 9th.
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3510:Ibrahim Nasrallah
3470:Ibrahim al-Mazini
3370:Saadallah Wannous
3167:Rifa'a al-Tahtawi
3157:Butrus al-Bustani
3112:Ibrahim al-Yaziji
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
2938:Ibn Abi al-Khisal
2823:ibn Hani al-Azdi
2665:Usama ibn Munqidh
2640:Sharif al-Murtaza
2625:Al-Sharif al-Radi
2585:Al-Sarī al-Raffā’
2385:Bashshar ibn Burd
2257:Suraqah al-Bariqi
2207:Hassan ibn Thabit
2158:
2157:
2095:Laila bint Lukaiz
2020:Afira bint 'Abbad
1988:
1987:
1951:Arabic literature
1786:, C. Barbier de;
1712:, Gustav (1862).
1622:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
1526:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
1406:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
1115:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
1093:, p. 473, I.
1007:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
980:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
941:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
806:Suyūṭī (al-) 1964
758:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
710:Suyūṭī (al-) 1909
339:Abbasid caliphate
3763:
3563:
3562:
3530:Mourid Barghouti
3485:Nazik Al-Malaika
3415:Abdellatif Laabi
3335:Ghassan Kanafani
3260:Sonallah Ibrahim
3245:Nawal El Saadawi
3172:Abdallah Marrash
3162:Ahmad Zaki Pasha
3142:Qustaki al-Himsi
3085:
3084:
3072:
3071:
2813:Lubna of Córdoba
2718:Maria Alphaizuli
2605:Laylā bint Ṭarīf
2360:Ahmad al-Tifashi
2232:Jarir ibn Atiyah
2227:Suraqa bin Malik
2222:Jamil ibn Ma'mar
2177:
2176:
2164:
2163:
2145:Aktham ibn Saifi
2140:Zuhayr ibn Janab
1994:
1993:
1959:
1958:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1902:
1885:
1868:
1844:
1833:
1821:
1807:
1791:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1733:
1719:
1697:
1694:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1691:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1670:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1667:
1661:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1634:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1631:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1610:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1562:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1559:
1553:
1552:, p. 83, I.
1547:
1541:
1538:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1502:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1466:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1463:
1457:
1454:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1430:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1427:
1421:
1415:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1394:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1391:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1370:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1367:
1361:
1355:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1322:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1319:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1274:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1271:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1250:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1247:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1217:
1214:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1211:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1166:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1142:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1139:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1112:
1106:
1103:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1100:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1055:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1019:Nadīm (al-) 1970
1016:
1010:
1004:
995:
992:Nadīm (al-) 1970
989:
983:
977:
971:
965:
959:
956:Nadīm (al-) 1970
953:
944:
938:
932:
926:
920:
914:
908:
905:Nadīm (al-) 1970
902:
896:
890:
884:
881:Nadīm (al-) 1970
878:
872:
869:Nadīm (al-) 1970
866:
857:
851:
845:
839:
833:
827:
821:
818:Nadīm (al-) 1970
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
773:
770:Nadīm (al-) 1970
767:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
734:Nadīm (al-) 1970
731:
725:
719:
713:
707:
701:
695:
686:
683:Nadīm (al-) 1970
680:
674:
668:
662:
659:Nadīm (al-) 1970
656:
650:
644:
638:
635:Nadīm (al-) 1970
632:
626:
620:
614:
608:
602:
596:
590:
587:Nadīm (al-) 1970
584:
578:
572:
557:
554:
548:
541:
535:
528:
522:
512:
506:
503:
399:, the father of
280:Mu’ādh al-Harrā’
110:A’rābī (Ibn al-)
40:School at Baṣrah
3771:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3736:Arabic language
3721:History of Kufa
3706:
3705:
3704:
3695:
3570:
3549:
3410:Mohammed Bennis
3400:Mohamed Choukri
3340:Ghada al-Samman
3270:Mahmoud Darwish
3231:
3227:Tawfiq al-Hakim
3182:Maryana Marrash
3177:Francis Marrash
3107:Nasif al-Yaziji
3102:Maruf al Rusafi
3079:
3058:
3054:Ahmed Ben Triki
3015:
2942:
2697:
2689:
2650:Yaqut al-Hamawi
2520:Ibn al-Muqaffa'
2500:Yunus ibn Habib
2445:ibn al-Mudabbir
2301:
2267:Waddah al-Yaman
2237:Ka'b bin Zuhayr
2202:Fadl Ashsha'ira
2171:
2154:
2100:Mahd al-Aadiyya
2065:Amr ibn Kulthum
2001:
1984:
1966:
1953:
1948:
1880:. Vol. 6.
1738:Khallikān (Ibn)
1729:Kitāb al-Aghāni
1705:
1700:
1692:
1688:
1680:
1676:
1668:
1664:
1656:
1652:
1644:
1640:
1632:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1608:
1604:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1560:
1556:
1548:
1544:
1536:
1532:
1524:
1520:
1512:
1508:
1500:
1496:
1488:
1484:
1476:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1412:
1404:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1380:
1376:
1368:
1364:
1356:
1352:
1344:
1340:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1316:
1308:
1304:
1296:
1292:
1284:
1280:
1272:
1268:
1260:
1256:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1152:
1148:
1140:
1133:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1017:
1013:
1005:
998:
990:
986:
978:
974:
966:
962:
954:
947:
939:
935:
927:
923:
915:
911:
903:
899:
891:
887:
879:
875:
867:
860:
852:
848:
840:
836:
828:
824:
816:
812:
804:
800:
792:
788:
780:
776:
768:
764:
756:
752:
744:
740:
732:
728:
720:
716:
708:
704:
696:
689:
681:
677:
669:
665:
657:
653:
645:
641:
633:
629:
621:
617:
609:
605:
597:
593:
585:
581:
573:
569:
565:
560:
555:
551:
542:
538:
529:
525:
513:
509:
504:
500:
496:
343:Harūn ar-Rashīd
298:al-Mufaḍḍaliyāt
243:Hārūn al-Rashīd
223:, a teacher of
202:Karnabā’ī (al-)
95:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3769:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3571:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3540:Samih al-Qasim
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3520:Omar Abu Risha
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3445:Youssef Rzouga
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3405:Leila Abouzeid
3402:
3397:
3395:Alaa Al Aswany
3392:
3387:
3385:Leila Aboulela
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3365:Colette Khoury
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3300:Abbās al-Aqqād
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3250:Naguib Mahfouz
3247:
3241:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3127:Naoum Mokarzel
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3081:
3080:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3011:Al-Qalqashandi
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2928:Ibn al-Kattani
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2748:Ibn Abd Rabbih
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2704:
2702:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2675:Ibn al-Shajari
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2495:Rabia of Basra
2492:
2487:
2485:Aban al-Lahiqi
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2365:Abu al-Atahiya
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2325:Ibn al-Mu'tazz
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2212:Ibn Abi Hasina
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2173:
2172:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1903:
1886:
1869:
1845:
1834:
1822:
1808:
1792:
1770:
1761:
1752:
1734:
1720:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1686:
1674:
1662:
1650:
1638:
1626:
1614:
1602:
1590:
1588:, p. 225.
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1540:, p. 153.
1530:
1518:
1506:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1468:, p. 159.
1458:
1446:
1434:
1432:, p. 162.
1422:
1410:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1362:
1360:, p. 153.
1350:
1338:
1326:
1314:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1266:
1254:
1252:, p. 145.
1242:
1230:
1218:
1206:
1194:
1182:
1170:
1158:
1146:
1144:, p. 157.
1131:
1119:
1107:
1095:
1083:
1071:
1059:
1047:
1035:
1023:
1011:
996:
994:, p. 154.
984:
972:
960:
958:, p. 155.
945:
933:
921:
909:
897:
885:
873:
871:, p. 164.
858:
846:
834:
822:
810:
798:
786:
774:
762:
750:
748:, p. 150.
738:
726:
714:
702:
700:, p. 224.
687:
675:
663:
651:
639:
627:
615:
611:Nicholson 1907
603:
601:, p. 133.
599:Nicholson 1907
591:
579:
577:, p. 189.
575:Nicholson 1907
566:
564:
561:
559:
558:
549:
536:
523:
507:
497:
495:
492:
491:
490:
482:
474:
466:
446:
434:
420:
412:
394:
390:Shaybānī (al-)
386:
380:
370:
358:Sarkhasī (al-)
354:
346:
330:
318:
308:
305:Naṣr ibn Yūsuf
302:
288:
287:, and a poet.
276:
266:
258:
246:
228:
216:
212:Khaṭṭabī (al-)
198:
186:
183:Ḥazunbal (al-)
180:
172:
156:
144:
132:
129:Ibn Durustūyah
114:
106:
94:
88:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3768:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3564:
3560:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3525:Yusuf al-Khal
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3515:Elia Abu Madi
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3425:Waciny Laredj
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3375:Zakaria Tamer
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3325:Ibrahim Tuqan
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3295:Nizar Qabbani
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3202:Kahlil Gibran
3200:
3198:
3197:Mikhail Naimy
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:Hafez Ibrahim
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3049:Ibn al-Wannan
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:Ibn Al Ouardy
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:Ibn al-Yayyab
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:Ibn al-Khatib
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2758:Ibn al-Zaqqaq
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2713:Al-Rumaikiyya
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2655:Al Suhrawardi
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2550:Ibn al-Anbari
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2315:Bint al-Mahdī
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:Early Islamic
2178:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2115:Imru' al-Qais
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1907:Zubaydī (al-)
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1859:(in Arabic).
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1774:Mas‘ūdī (al-)
1771:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1695:
1690:
1683:
1678:
1671:
1666:
1659:
1654:
1647:
1642:
1635:
1630:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1606:
1599:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1551:
1546:
1539:
1534:
1527:
1522:
1515:
1510:
1503:
1498:
1491:
1486:
1479:
1474:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1443:
1438:
1431:
1426:
1419:
1414:
1407:
1402:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1354:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1318:
1311:
1306:
1299:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1275:
1270:
1263:
1258:
1251:
1246:
1239:
1234:
1227:
1222:
1215:
1210:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1167:
1162:
1155:
1150:
1143:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1104:
1099:
1092:
1087:
1080:
1075:
1068:
1063:
1056:
1051:
1044:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1008:
1003:
1001:
993:
988:
981:
976:
969:
964:
957:
952:
950:
942:
937:
930:
925:
918:
913:
906:
901:
894:
889:
882:
877:
870:
865:
863:
855:
850:
843:
838:
831:
826:
819:
814:
807:
802:
795:
790:
783:
778:
771:
766:
759:
754:
747:
742:
735:
730:
723:
718:
711:
706:
699:
694:
692:
684:
679:
672:
667:
660:
655:
648:
643:
636:
631:
624:
619:
612:
607:
600:
595:
588:
583:
576:
571:
567:
553:
546:
540:
533:
527:
521:
517:
511:
502:
498:
488:
487:
483:
480:
479:
475:
472:
471:
467:
464:
460:
456:
452:
451:
447:
444:
440:
439:
435:
432:
428:
424:
421:
418:
417:
413:
410:
409:Al-Mutawakkil
406:
402:
398:
395:
392:
391:
387:
384:
381:
378:
374:
371:
368:
364:
360:
359:
355:
352:
351:
347:
344:
340:
336:
335:
331:
328:
327:
322:
319:
316:
312:
309:
306:
303:
300:
299:
294:
293:
289:
286:
282:
281:
277:
274:
270:
267:
264:
263:
259:
256:
255:tribe of Asad
252:
251:
250:Kunāsah (Ibn)
247:
244:
241:
238:
234:
233:
229:
226:
225:Ibn al-Sikkīt
222:
221:
217:
214:
213:
208:
204:
203:
199:
196:
192:
191:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
166:
162:
161:
157:
154:
150:
149:
145:
143:(r. 847-861).
142:
141:Al-Mutawakkil
138:
137:
136:‘Aṣīdah (Abū)
133:
130:
126:
125:
120:
119:
115:
112:
111:
107:
104:
100:
97:
96:
93:
87:
85:
81:
80:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
3661:Saudi Arabia
3604:Copto-Arabic
3505:Saadi Yousef
3480:Safa Khulusi
3465:Hasan Tawfiq
3435:Alifa Rifaat
3430:Tahar Djaout
3330:Emile Habibi
3320:Sinan Antoon
3237:Contemporary
3222:Taha Hussein
3212:Jurji Zaydan
3192:Ahmed Shawqi
3137:Ameen Rihani
2986:Ibn al-Wardi
2873:al-Shushtari
2848:Umm Al-Kiram
2753:Ibn al-Abbar
2733:Al-Rukuniyya
2680:Ibn al-Nafis
2610:Al-Tha'alibi
2560:Ibn Qutaybah
2460:Al-Mutanabbi
2440:ibn al-Mahdi
2415:Ibn al-Farid
2370:ibn al-'Amid
2320:Ibn al-Ahnaf
2085:Hatim al-Tai
2015:Adi ibn Zayd
1911:
1894:
1893:, F. (ed.).
1884:: Brockhaus.
1877:
1876:, F. (ed.).
1860:
1856:
1839:
1829:
1826:Suyūṭī (al-)
1816:
1803:
1778:
1765:
1756:
1742:
1728:
1714:
1689:
1677:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1629:
1617:
1605:
1593:
1581:
1569:
1557:
1545:
1533:
1521:
1509:
1497:
1485:
1473:
1461:
1449:
1437:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1389:
1377:
1365:
1353:
1341:
1329:
1317:
1305:
1293:
1281:
1269:
1257:
1245:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1149:
1122:
1110:
1098:
1086:
1074:
1062:
1050:
1038:
1026:
1014:
987:
975:
963:
936:
924:
912:
900:
888:
876:
849:
837:
825:
813:
801:
789:
777:
765:
753:
741:
729:
717:
705:
678:
666:
654:
642:
630:
618:
606:
594:
582:
570:
552:
539:
526:
510:
501:
484:
476:
468:
457:, native of
448:
443:traditionist
436:
426:
422:
414:
397:Sikkīt (al-)
396:
388:
382:
372:
356:
350:Sa‘dān (Ibn)
348:
334:Ru’āsī (al-)
332:
324:
320:
310:
304:
296:
290:
278:
268:
262:Mardān (Ibn)
260:
248:
232:Kisā’ī (al-)
230:
218:
210:
200:
188:
182:
174:
160:Farrā’ (al-)
158:
146:
134:
122:
118:‘Arūḍī (al-)
116:
108:
98:
79:Mufaḍḍaliyāt
77:
71:
67:
61:
55:
18:
3545:Fadwa Tuqan
3490:Ahmed Matar
3475:al-Jawahiri
3455:Amal Donqol
3450:Salah Jahin
3380:Tayeb Salih
3255:Yusuf Idris
3207:Farah Antun
3147:al-Kawakibi
3044:Hanna Diyab
3021:Ottoman era
3006:Ibn Khaldun
2976:Ibn Battuta
2888:Ibn al-Arif
2783:Ibn Khafaja
2565:Dik al-Jinn
2555:Al-Qasabani
2525:Al-Mubarrad
2510:Al-Farahidi
2480:Al-Armanazi
2420:Ibn al-Rumi
2400:Al-Isfahani
2375:Al-Hamadani
2340:Al-Mudabbir
2307:Abbasid era
2297:al-Mufaddal
2192:Al-Farazdaq
2150:Al-Munakhal
2045:Al-Shanfara
2030:Al-Hujayjah
1999:Pre-Islamic
1853:Margoliouth
1796:Nadīm (al-)
1238:Flügel 1862
518:edition of
486:Zāhid (al-)
470:Ṭuwāl (al-)
311:Qādim (Ibn)
3710:Categories
3636:Mauritania
3440:Ali Douagi
3360:Hanna Mina
3350:Al Gosaibi
3217:May Ziadeh
3132:Ahmad Rida
3097:El Baroudy
3029:Al-Nabulsi
3001:al-Nafzawi
2996:Ibn Nubata
2971:Ibn Manzur
2948:Mamluk era
2933:Ibn Tufayl
2923:Ibn Jubayr
2893:Ibn Wahbun
2878:Abu Madyan
2808:Ibn Zaydún
2803:Ibn Zamrak
2793:Ibn Quzman
2778:Ibn Juzayy
2773:Ibn Bassam
2743:Ibn Hamdis
2708:Abu Ja'far
2695:Al-Andalus
2685:Ibn 'Adlan
2630:Ibn Hayyus
2620:al-Tawhīdī
2615:Al-Daylami
2600:Al-Tughrai
2580:Ibn Bakkar
2515:Al-Shafi'i
2450:Al-Ma'arri
2425:Ibn Duraid
2335:Abu Tammam
2110:Al-Nabigha
1891:Wüstenfeld
1874:Wüstenfeld
1863:. Leiden:
1788:Courteille
1514:Yāqūt 1927
1478:Yāqūt 1927
1418:Yāqūt 1927
1382:Yāqūt 1970
1346:Yāqūt 1927
1310:Yāqūt 1927
1226:Yāqūt 1927
1190:Yāqūt 1927
1127:Yāqūt 1927
968:Yāqūt 1927
929:Yāqūt 1970
842:Yāqūt 1927
671:Yāqūt 1927
563:References
520:al-Fihrist
450:Ṭūsī (al-)
377:al-Mu‘tazz
345:(786-809).
315:Al-Mu'tazz
76:, and the
73:Mu’allaqāt
3756:Linguists
3651:Palestine
3500:al-Sayyab
3495:Al-Bayati
2966:Al-Busiri
2913:al-Fazazi
2898:Ibn Abdun
2868:Ibn Arabi
2858:Yusuf III
2853:Yusuf III
2843:Al-Tutili
2763:Ibn Amira
2728:Buthaina
2723:Ibn Ammar
2660:Al-Hallaj
2595:Niftawayh
2540:Al-Zahiri
2465:Abu Nuwas
2430:al-Zajjaj
2395:Al-Busiri
2355:Al-Asma'i
2247:Kuthayyir
2242:Al-Khansa
2169:Classical
2035:Al-Ḥurqah
1812:Nicholson
1800:Dodge, B.
545:Dodge, B.
455:Banu Taym
405:al-Farrā’
52:humanists
36:Al-Ru'asi
32:Al-Basrah
28:Euphrates
3594:Djibouti
3310:Said Akl
2903:Avempace
2883:al-Rundi
2863:Ibn Hazm
2798:Ibn Sahl
2768:Ibn Baqi
2645:Al Uyuni
2475:Shāriyah
2470:Al-Jahiz
2105:Mu'aqqir
2075:Al-A'sha
1726:(1868).
367:Khurāsān
207:al-Ahwaz
20:Al-Kūfah
3681:Tunisia
3666:Somalia
3641:Morocco
3626:Lebanon
3589:Comoros
3584:Bahrain
3579:Algeria
3355:Echebbi
2908:al-Baji
2838:Qasmuna
2700:Maghreb
2590:Al-Suli
2390:Buhturi
1899:Teheran
1882:Leipzig
1802:(ed.).
1784:Meynard
1703:Sources
438:Tha‘lab
373:Ṣa’ūdā’
363:Sarkhas
237:Abbāsid
68:Dawāwan
66:” (pl.
3686:U.A.E.
3621:Kuwait
3616:Jordan
3275:Adunis
3077:Modern
3034:Fuzûlî
2833:Nazhun
2125:Tarafa
1710:Flügel
532:Beatty
516:Flügel
273:Makkah
240:caliph
165:Daylam
48:Ḥadīth
44:Qu’rān
3691:Yemen
3676:Syria
3671:Sudan
3656:Qatar
3631:Libya
3599:Egypt
3089:Nahda
2828:Muhya
2570:‘Inān
2090:Labīd
1865:Brill
1849:Yāqūt
494:Notes
463:diwan
285:Harāt
195:qāri’
63:Dīwān
50:, by
24:Ḥīrah
3646:Oman
3611:Iraq
2698:and
530:The
425:and
326:Qāḍī
169:Iran
124:arud
57:rāwī
46:and
1964:Old
459:Ṭūs
341:of
167:, (
82:by
3712::
1861:VI
1134:^
999:^
948:^
861:^
690:^
365:,
86:.
1943:e
1936:t
1929:v
1867:.
433:.
155:.
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