33:
248:. He faced active opposition from the rulers of the states in which he preached. Reasons cited for the opposition include decreased revenues from liquor sales (because of Govindguru forbidding liquor to his disciples) and the subversion of the ruler's authority because of Govindguru growing influence.
309:
Those arrested at
Mangadh were tried on 2 February 1914 before a special tribunal consisting of one Major Gough and one Major Allison, I.C.S. Govindgiri was sentenced to be hanged, Punja Pargi (a lieutenant of Govindgiri) sentenced to life imprisonment, and the rest to three years of imprisonment. On
269:
Govindgiiri was imprisoned by the ruler of
Dungarpur but, apprehending a commotion among the tribal people, was released in April 1913 and exiled from Dungarpur state. Between then and October 1913, Govindgiri moved from one village to another under harassment by local rulers. After an attempt by the
204:
On the matter of women's rights, Govindguru
Banjara critiqued upper-caste treatment of women and argued that tribal practices were better for women. He declared Rajputs and Brahmins inferior in this respect because they degraded women, citing the Rajput custom of female infanticide and the Rajput and
285:
On 31 October 1913, Govindgiri adherents captured a couple of police personnel of the Sunth State who were sent up the hill for reconnaissance. On 1 November 1913, the adherents attempted an unsuccessful attack on the
Parbatgadh fort in Sunth State and looted the village of Brahm in Banswara state.
260:
arrested him in late-1912 or early-1913. The state accused him of deceiving his followers, confiscated his savings and pressured him to stop his movement by imprisoning his wife and child (or children). However, he was released in April 1913 without being tried and ordered to leave
Dungarpur State.
185:(Hindi: सम्प सभा) with the intent of serving the tribal people. Govindgiri preached monotheism, observance of temperance, forsaking crimes, following agriculture, giving up beliefs in superstition, etc. He called upon tribals to adopt the more of the upper castes and "to behave like
213:
Govindguru
Banjara teachings were originally aimed at social and religious reform but he gradually "developed a strong critique of hierarchy and exploitation" of the tribals by ruling classes. He advised the tribals that their destitution was caused by princely rulers and
310:
appeal, Govindgiri's sentence was reduced to life imprisonment, Pargi's sentence was confirmed, and the sentences of the rest of the accused were reduced to six months of imprisonment. Punja Dhirji was sentenced to life imprisonment and sent to the
155:
has been described as a worker "not employed at their own convenience but maintained as permanent estate servants, and not regarded to be in a position to resign services)." His wife and child reportedly died in
819:
274:
to capture
Govindgiri while he was in the Idar territory, Govindgiri and his adherents formed a defensive position at Mangadh, a hillock on the borders of the former states of
885:
168:) Rajgiri; in honor of Rajgiri, Vinda changed his name into Govindgiri. Around 1909 he returned to Dungarpur State with his wife and children, to the village of Vedsa.
341:
Govind Guru
Samadhi Mandir, a memorial shrine at Kamboi, is visited by his followers. Govind Guru Smriti Van, a botanical garden named after him, was opened by the
220:. Govindguru preached that Bhils, Banjara were the rightful owners of the land and they also the right to rule over it. He envisioned the establishment of a Bhil
910:
604:
Tribals of
Rajasthan: Social Reforms and Political Awakening [in G.N. Sharma (Ed.) Social and Political Awakening Among the Tribals of Rajasthan]
301:
On 17 November 1913, the force attacked
Mangarh, an action in which "several Bhils died" and Govindgiri and his lieutenant Dhirji Punja were captured.
576:
The Bhil Revolt of 1913 under Guru Govindgiri among the Bhils of Southern Rajasthan and its Impact, in Proceedings Of The Indian History Congress
795:
181:
Govindgiri Banjara engaged himself in "improving the moral character, habits, and religious practices" of the tribals. He organized the
728:
Vashishtha, Vijay Kumar (1991). "The Bhil Revolt of 1913 Under Guru Govindgiri Among the Bhils of Southern Rajasthan and its Impact".
326:
in 1919 on condition he would not participate in political activities. He was also prohibited from entering several princely states.
286:
Apprehending danger, local rulers sought British assistance, and the Mangadh was besieged by a combined force consisting of
224:(Bhil state) in the hills of Sunth and Banswara states, restoring a Bhil kingdom that existed eight hundred years back.
853:
681:
440:
415:
127:
states in India. He is seen as having popularized the Bhagat movement, which was first started in the 18th century.
961:
502:
966:
157:
119:, (1858–1931) was a social and religious reformer in the early 1900s in the tribal border areas of present-day
360:
256:
Govindgiri's activities after 1907 received opposition from state officials and liquor contractors, and the
631:"Subalterns and the State in the Longue Durée: Notes from "The Rebellious Century" in the Bhil Heartland"
352:
322:
Govindgiri Banjara did not serve the entire terms of life imprisonment, but was released from prison in
232:
Within a short time, Govindguru Banjara garnered a large following among the tribals in the states of
164:. There, Govindgiri married his brother's widow and, soon after, became the disciple of a Hindu monk (
956:
951:
711:
580:
287:
761:
484:
781:
463:
342:
777:
Report On The Administration Of The Dungarpur State for the Samvat Year 1970-71 (AD 1913-14)
941:
936:
190:
8:
705:
345:
on 31 July 2012. His grandson Man Singh was felicitated by the Chief Minister of Gujarat
330:
291:
245:
915:
789:
755:
574:
522:
478:
775:
602:
849:
677:
457:
436:
411:
911:"Govind Guru University inaugurated in Godhra | Vadodara News - Times of India"
946:
652:
642:
514:
295:
647:
630:
408:
Civil Society and Democratization in India: Institutions, ideologies and interests
329:
Until his death on 30 October 1931, he lived in Kamboi near Limbdi in present-day
257:
241:
216:
140:
54:
275:
237:
82:
930:
346:
311:
58:
143:(now in Rajasthan). He gave himself a primary education with the help of a
279:
161:
530:
526:
271:
233:
189:" (moneylenders). Drawing on the ritual practices of the Shaivite sect
657:
298:
and soldiers from the states of Banswara, Dungarpur, Sunth and Baria.
323:
120:
62:
518:
820:"Descendants of Mangad massacare seek recognition for past tragedy"
364:
873:. Jaipur: Rajasthan Swarna Jayanti Prakashan Samiti. p. 113.
136:
124:
86:
676:. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. p. 113.
356:
886:"63rd van mahotsav to be a tribute to tribal freedom fighters"
32:
846:
Gandhi in His Time and Ours: The Global Legacy of His Ideas
674:
We Were Adivasis: Aspiration in an Indian Scheduled Tribe
607:. Jaipur: Centre for Rajasthan Studies. pp. 5–10.
139:
family in the village of Bansiya (Hindi: बाँसिया) in
760:. Jaipur: Directorate, District Gazetteers. pp.
483:. Jaipur: Directorate, District Gazetteers. pp.
848:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 142.
433:Social Movements in India: A Review of Literature
176:
928:
193:, Govindgiri encouraged his followers to tend a
579:. New Delhi: Indian History Congress. pp.
205:Brahmin prohibition against widow remarriage.
147:in his village. He is reported to have been a
435:. New Delhi: Sage Publications. p. 107.
160:, after which he moved into the neighbouring
251:
794:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
730:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
727:
572:
363:(established in 2012, renamed in 2016) in
31:
883:
656:
646:
349:in presence of more than 80,000 tribals.
227:
843:
817:
503:"Messianic Movements in Primitive India"
480:Rajasthan District Gazetteers: Dungarpur
871:भारत के स्वतंत्रता संग्राम मैं राजस्थान
868:
757:Rajasthan District Gazetteers: Banswara
395:. Jaipur: Granth Vikas. pp. 54–58.
929:
884:K. Bhatia, Ramaninder (24 July 2012).
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
753:
703:
671:
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455:
390:
208:
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723:
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568:
500:
405:
624:
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496:
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430:
386:
384:
382:
380:
264:
818:Mahurkar, Uday (30 November 1999).
802:
13:
740:
718:
690:
14:
978:
710:. Rajkot: Parmar Press. pp.
611:
587:
545:
491:
470:
377:
704:Parmar, Ladhabhai Harji (1922).
573:Vashishtha, Vijay Kumar (1992).
410:. Oxon: Routledge. p. 127.
314:where he died after some years.
903:
877:
862:
837:
768:
665:
462:. Lahore B.P.L. Bedi. pp.
459:Agrarian Disturbances in India
449:
424:
399:
336:
177:Social and religious positions
1:
780:. Rawalpindi. 1914. pp.
648:10.1080/00472336.2015.1034159
370:
361:Govind Guru Tribal University
317:
244:and the British districts of
201:(flag) outside their houses.
130:
106:Social and religious reformer
16:Social and religious reformer
635:Journal of Contemporary Asia
393:राजस्थान का स्वाधीनता आंदोलन
304:
7:
359:, established in 2015, and
353:Shri Govind Guru University
171:
81:Kamboi near Limbdi (now in
10:
983:
869:Kothari, Manohar (2003).
406:Sahoo, Sarbeswar (2013).
135:Govindgiri was born in a
102:
94:
70:
39:
30:
23:
844:Hardiman, David (2003).
707:The Rewakantha Directory
456:Yajnik, Indulal (1921).
431:Shah, Ghanshyam (2004).
391:Natani, Prakash (1998).
252:First arrest and release
962:Indian social reformers
288:Imperial Service Troops
197:(fire pit) and hoist a
672:Moodie, Megan (2015).
507:Asian Folklore Studies
228:Support and opposition
967:People from Rajasthan
754:Sehgal, K.K. (1962).
601:Sharma, G.N. (1986).
477:Sehgal, K.K. (1962).
367:are named after him.
343:Government of Gujarat
312:Andaman Cellular Jail
629:Nilsen, Alf (2015).
331:Panchmahal district
292:British Indian Army
209:Political positions
117:Govind Guru Banjara
98:Govind Guru Banjara
916:The Times of India
890:The Times of India
501:Fuchs, S. (1965).
158:the famine of 1900
25:Govindgiri Banjara
265:Events at Mangadh
110:
109:
78:(aged 72–73)
974:
957:Indian activists
921:
920:
907:
901:
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662:
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626:
609:
608:
598:
585:
584:
570:
543:
542:
540:
538:
529:. Archived from
498:
489:
488:
474:
468:
467:
453:
447:
446:
428:
422:
421:
403:
397:
396:
388:
296:Mewar Bhil Corps
294:, including the
115:, also known as
95:Other names
77:
50:
48:
35:
21:
20:
982:
981:
977:
976:
975:
973:
972:
971:
952:Hindu reformers
927:
926:
925:
924:
909:
908:
904:
894:
892:
882:
878:
867:
863:
856:
842:
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828:
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803:
787:
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599:
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571:
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536:
534:
533:on 4 March 2016
519:10.2307/1177596
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258:Dungarpur State
254:
230:
211:
191:Dashanami Panth
179:
174:
141:Dungarpur State
133:
90:
79:
75:
74:30 October 1931
66:
55:Dungarpur State
51:
46:
44:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
980:
970:
969:
964:
959:
954:
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902:
876:
861:
855:978-0231131148
854:
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767:
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689:
682:
664:
641:(4): 574–595.
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83:Dahod district
80:
72:
68:
67:
52:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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683:9780226253183
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442:9780761998334
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417:9780203552483
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347:Narendra Modi
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103:Occupation(s)
101:
97:
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88:
84:
73:
69:
64:
60:
59:British India
56:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
914:
905:
893:. Retrieved
889:
879:
870:
864:
845:
839:
827:. Retrieved
823:
776:
770:
756:
733:
729:
706:
673:
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638:
634:
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535:. Retrieved
531:the original
513:(1): 11–62.
510:
506:
479:
472:
458:
451:
432:
426:
407:
401:
392:
351:
340:
333:of Gujarat.
328:
321:
308:
300:
284:
268:
255:
246:Panch Mahals
231:
221:
215:
212:
203:
198:
194:
186:
182:
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165:
152:
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144:
134:
116:
112:
111:
76:(1931-10-30)
18:
942:1931 deaths
937:1858 births
824:India Today
337:Recognition
280:Sunth State
183:sampa sabha
162:Sunth State
931:Categories
736:: 522–527.
658:1956/10964
371:References
318:Later life
272:Idar State
131:Early life
113:Govindgiri
790:cite book
324:Hyderabad
305:Aftermath
270:ruler of
242:Dungarpur
217:jagirdars
121:Rajasthan
63:Rajasthan
53:Bansiya,
365:Banswara
290:and the
276:Banswara
238:Banswara
187:sahukars
172:Activism
89:, India)
65:, India)
61:(now in
947:Adivasi
895:29 June
829:29 June
527:1177596
137:Banjara
125:Gujarat
87:Gujarat
45: (
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537:1 July
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357:Godhra
199:nishan
166:gosain
145:pujari
583:–527.
523:JSTOR
234:Sunth
195:dhuni
897:2021
850:ISBN
831:2021
796:link
678:ISBN
539:2017
437:ISBN
412:ISBN
278:and
153:hali
151:(a '
149:hali
123:and
71:Died
47:1858
43:1858
40:Born
653:hdl
643:doi
581:522
515:doi
355:in
222:Raj
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
