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The gonads develop from three sources; the mesothelium, underlying mesenchyme and the primordial germ cells. Gonads start developing as a common primordium (an organ in the earliest stage of development), in the form of
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Yang Q, Mumusoglu S, Qin Y, Sun Y, Hsueh AJ. A kaleidoscopic view of ovarian genes associated with premature ovarian insufficiency and senescence. FASEB J. 2021 Aug;35(8):e21753. doi: 10.1096/fj.202100756R. PMID
764:
Dong S, Chen C, Zhang J, Gao Y, Zeng X, Zhang X. Testicular aging, male fertility and beyond. Front
Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Oct 13;13:1012119. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1012119. PMID 36313743; PMCID:
752:
Turan V, Oktay K. BRCA-related ATM-mediated DNA double-strand break repair and ovarian aging. Hum Reprod Update. 2020 Jan 1;26(1):43-57. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmz043. PMID 31822904; PMCID: PMC6935693
443:. These abnormalities include accumulation of DNA damage and decreased DNA repair ability. During spermatogenesis in the testis, spontaneous new mutations arise and tend to accumulate with age.
774:
Cioppi F, Casamonti E, Krausz C. Age-Dependent De Novo
Mutations During Spermatogenesis and Their Consequences. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1166:29-46. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_2. PMID 31301044
709:
327:, usually determines male sexual differentiation. In the absence of the SRY gene from the Y chromosome, usually the female sex (ovaries instead of testes) will develop. The
733:
Park SU, Walsh L, Berkowitz KM. Mechanisms of ovarian aging. Reproduction. 2021 Jul 14;162(2):R19-R33. doi: 10.1530/REP-21-0022. PMID 33999842; PMCID: PMC9354567
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A delay in having children is common in the developed world and this delay is often associated with ovarian
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411:. This decline is likely due, in part, to reduced expression of genes that encode proteins necessary for
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and subfertility. Ovarian aging is characterized by progressive decline of the quality and number of
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524:"gonad (noun) American English definition and synonyms - Macmillan Dictionary"
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It is hard to find a common origin for gonads, but gonads most likely
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608:"Hormones of the Hypothalamus: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)"
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Writing does not cover the subject in a clear and concise manner.
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312:(except when they are not differentiated). The presence of the
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614:. John W. Kimball (The Saylor Foundation). Archived from
587:. Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. Elsevier. 2009
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333:development of the urinary and reproductive organs
378:The gonads are subject to many diseases, such as
1212:
666:(Fifth ed.). Philadelphia, PA. p. 16.
419:. Such reduced expression can lead to increased
215:, produces egg cells. Both of these gametes are
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1200:List of human endocrine organs and actions
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686:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
661:
439:abnormalities that can ultimately lead to
304:, at the sixth week, which are only later
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75:Learn how and when to remove this message
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559:. Oxford University Press. p. 252.
724:
107:(common carp) placed in dissecting dish
1213:
655:
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553:Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas (2007-08-30).
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630:
606:John W. Kimball (12 February 2011).
390:, tumors, and cancer, among others.
342:
25:
474:Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis
435:The testes of older men often have
430:
13:
641:. Benjamin-Cummings. p. 915.
319:, located on the short arm of the
14:
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504:from the original on 22 July 2015
277:. This secretion is regulated by
231:) have a type of gonad called an
453:
398:
346:
269:(FSH), produced and secreted by
245:Evolution of sexual reproduction
207:, produces sperm in the form of
30:
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534:from the original on 8 May 2018
19:For the cartoon character, see
702:"Human Developmental Genetics"
694:
599:
573:
556:The Evolution of Organ Systems
546:
516:
486:
288:
279:gonadotropin-releasing hormone
271:gonadotropes or gonadotrophins
1:
494:"the definition of sex gland"
479:
261:The gonads are controlled by
256:
16:Gland that produces sex cells
662:Schoenwolf, Gary C. (2015).
267:follicle-stimulating hormone
238:
7:
528:www.macmillandictionary.com
446:
50:. The specific problem is:
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1231:Human reproductive system
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1002:
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905:
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819:
664:Larsen's human embryology
329:development of the gonads
325:testis determining factor
295:Development of the gonads
141:
129:
117:
112:
94:
89:
639:Anatomy & physiology
393:
275:anterior pituitary gland
223:animals (and some humans
211:. The female gonad, the
868:Somatomammotrophic cell
637:Marieb, Elaine (2013).
612:Kimball's Biology Pages
281:(GnRH) produced in the
199:reproductive cells are
191:reproductive cells are
423:and errors in meiotic
229:Ovotesticular syndrome
203:. The male gonad, the
143:Anatomical terminology
101:A pair of ovaries of
251:evolved independently
1183:Organ of Zuckerkandl
1173:Enteroendocrine cell
57:improve this article
46:to meet Knowledge's
962:Parafollicular cell
585:The Free Dictionary
469:Gonadosomatic Index
263:luteinizing hormone
1106:Islets of pancreas
880:Corticotropic cell
405:female infertility
358:. You can help by
308:to male or female
179:that produces the
169:reproductive gland
1208:
1207:
1048:
1047:
972:Parathyroid gland
943:
942:
885:Gonadotropic cell
858:Somatotropic cell
566:978-0-19-856668-7
376:
375:
331:is a part of the
323:and encoding the
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156:
152:
85:
84:
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48:quality standards
39:This article may
1243:
1226:Endocrine system
1157:Corpora arenacea
1022:Zona reticularis
1017:Zona fasciculata
1012:Zona glomerulosa
1000:
999:
897:Chromophobe cell
890:Thyrotropic cell
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813:endocrine system
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708:. Archived from
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431:Testicular aging
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187:of an organism.
149:edit on Wikidata
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1040:Chromaffin cell
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957:Follicular cell
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920:Median eminence
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838:Pars intermedia
821:Pituitary gland
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811:Anatomy of the
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1089:Granulosa cell
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863:Prolactin cell
860:
853:Acidophil cell
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843:Pars tuberalis
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581:"gonadotropin"
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498:Dictionary.com
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461:Anatomy portal
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367:September 2022
353:
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306:differentiated
302:genital ridges
293:Main article:
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243:Main article:
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221:hermaphroditic
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1094:Corpus luteum
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1084:Theca interna
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995:Adrenal gland
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875:Basophil cell
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848:Pars distalis
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712:on 5 May 2012
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648:9780321887603
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425:recombination
422:
418:
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399:Ovarian aging
391:
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380:hypergonadism
370:
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354:This section
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1144:Pineal gland
1134:Epsilon cell
1072:Sertoli cell
1053:
985:Oxyphil cell
915:Pars nervosa
770:
748:
738:
714:. Retrieved
710:the original
705:
696:
663:
657:
638:
632:
620:. Retrieved
616:the original
611:
601:
589:. Retrieved
584:
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548:
536:. Retrieved
527:
518:
506:. Retrieved
497:
488:
434:
402:
384:hypogonadism
377:
364:
360:adding to it
355:
321:Y chromosome
298:
283:hypothalamus
260:
248:
227:— see
219:cells. Some
185:sex hormones
168:
164:
160:
158:
102:
71:
62:
55:Please help
51:
40:
21:Buster Gonad
1195:Development
1178:Paraganglia
1152:Pinealocyte
1067:Leydig cell
289:Development
209:spermatozoa
173:mixed gland
113:Identifiers
59:if you can.
1236:Sex organs
1215:Categories
1129:Delta cell
1114:Alpha cell
980:Chief cell
765:PMC9606211
480:References
421:DNA damage
413:DNA repair
310:sex organs
257:Regulation
1119:Beta cell
930:Pituicyte
907:Posterior
682:cite book
388:agonadism
265:(LH) and
239:Evolution
233:ovotestis
193:egg cells
177:sex organ
165:sex gland
1190:Placenta
1062:Testicle
830:Anterior
743:34233068
532:Archived
502:Archived
447:See also
205:testicle
65:May 2012
41:require
1124:PP cell
1032:Medulla
949:Thyroid
417:meiosis
409:oocytes
339:Disease
273:in the
225:
217:haploid
181:gametes
124:D006066
43:cleanup
1221:Glands
1054:Gonads
1004:Cortex
716:4 June
670:
645:
622:4 June
591:4 June
563:
195:, and
189:Female
1166:Other
1079:Ovary
925:Stalk
538:8 May
508:8 May
437:sperm
394:Aging
213:ovary
201:sperm
171:is a
167:, or
161:gonad
147:[
136:18250
90:Gonad
718:2012
688:link
668:ISBN
643:ISBN
624:2012
593:2012
561:ISBN
540:2018
510:2018
415:and
317:gene
197:male
183:and
175:and
119:MeSH
362:.
314:SRY
131:FMA
1217::
757:^
726:^
704:.
684:}}
680:{{
610:.
583:.
530:.
526:.
500:.
496:.
427:.
386:,
382:,
335:.
285:.
235:.
163:,
159:A
804:e
797:t
790:v
720:.
690:)
676:.
651:.
626:.
595:.
569:.
542:.
512:.
369:)
365:(
151:]
78:)
72:(
67:)
63:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
