834:"From the Tyrian swell of the sea I came, a choice offering for Loxias from the island of Phoenicia, to be a slave to Phoebus in his halls, where he dwells under the snow-swept peaks of Parnassus; through the Ionian sea I sailed in the waves, over the unharvested plains, in the gusts of Zephyrus that ride from Sicily, sweetest music in the sky." (translated by E. P. Coleridge)
1049:
The various different combinations are referred to by modern scholars as "1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th asclepiad". However, different authors disagree as to which combination has which number.
409:
hymns of India, are composed mainly in iambic metre, in lines of eight, eleven or twelve syllables, with occasional irregularities in the first part of the line. Noting this, the metrician
427:(A similar change is often seen in Vedic verse). Longer metres are derived by Kiparsky from the iambic trimeter, for example, the hendecasyllable and lesser asclepiad:
945:(Priapea 3), and in Catullus 17. Catullus 17, addressed to a certain village which held a festival on a dangerously shaky bridge across a marsh, begins as follows:
416:
Thus, by substitution of a trochee for an iamb in the 3rd and 4th syllables, but keeping the iambic ending, an original iambic dimeter could change to a glyconic:
1057:
The first two syllables of the line (known as an "aeolic base") are often a trochee (– u) in
Catullus, but are usually standardised to a spondee (– –) in
851:
61 is a wedding song consisting of 47 stanzas (with some lines missing) each with four glyconics followed by a pherecratean. It begins with an address to
232:
551:
a long syllable into two short ones. This can even happen at the end of the line, provided there is no pause between one line and the next.
1073:
882–914 every line begins with a trochee (– u). In one line in the latter play he contracts the two short syllables into a long one:
1237:
564:(202–213). Most of the lines are glyconic, but there are two pherecrateans, and one telesillean. Two of the lines display
225:
413:
posits that the Greek glyconic and its related metres originated in the same way from an originally iambic metre.
218:
1346:
928:
Catullus 34 is written in a similar metre, but with stanzas consisting of three glyconics + a pherecratean.
568:, that is, the substitution of a choriamb (– u u –) for a double iamb (u – u –) in the last four syllables:
310:
445:. Anaclasis is sometimes found in the glyconic metre itself, as appears from the Euripides example below:
1336:
1200:
1196:
1130:
1126:
61:
1341:
76:
1067:
875–94 he writes a chorus of glyconics with every line beginning with a spondee (– –), but in
22:
560:
260:
Greek and Latin poetry. The glyconic line is the most basic and most commonly used form of
81:
986:
lines. An example is the following, which alternates glyconics with the lesser asclepiad:
313:
is a defining element of Aeolic verse. As in all classical verse forms, the phenomenon of
8:
942:
466:
An example of a poem combining glyconics and a pherecratean is the following fragment of
257:
979:
969:
565:
548:
547:
Choruses in aeolic metres are common in
Euripides. In his glyconics he often splits or
442:
366:
186:
156:
111:
71:
41:
1063:
1069:
201:
181:
136:
931:
The combination of a single glyconic and pherecratean is sometimes given the name
381:
346:
314:
284:
196:
191:
171:
166:
86:
66:
51:
46:
253:
141:
116:
1061:'s version of the metre. Seneca in his tragedies has two different styles. In
1330:
905:
410:
300:
280:
161:
121:
36:
31:
983:
330:
261:
131:
96:
56:
852:
288:
249:
126:
305:
1153:
785:
778:
768:
758:
751:
737:
728:
714:
707:
700:
693:
683:
555:
515:
508:
501:
334:
206:
151:
848:
467:
385:
318:
292:
146:
101:
91:
471:
389:
296:
1058:
975:
912:
441:
This switch of an iamb for a trochee or vice versa is known as
380:
By expanding the ending of the line, it becomes the phalaecian
276:
176:
405:
Some of the earliest poems in any Indo-European language, the
365:
The glyconic can also be expanded into the lesser and greater
1265:
1101:"May a safe life convey me as it runs along by a middle way."
978:
does not use glyconics on their own, but in combination with
674:
667:
657:
647:
640:
626:
617:
603:
596:
589:
582:
572:
492:
485:
478:
406:
982:
lines (a kind of expanded glyconic) and sometimes also with
321:
can actually be short or long, it always "counts" as long.
959:"O Colonia, who desire to hold a festival on a long bridge"
1036: "As long as I was pleasing to you,
267:
The basic shape (often abbreviated as gl) is as follows:
1045:
I flourished more happy than the king of the
Persians."
1042: his arms round your white neck,
434:
x x – u | u – u – | u – – (Phalaecian hendecasyllable)
1328:
1025:– – – u u – – u u – u – (lesser asclepiad)
1197:"Indo-European origins of the Greek hexameter"
1127:"Indo-European origins of the Greek hexameter"
437:x x – u | u – – u | u – u – (lesser asclepiad)
1199:. In Hackstein, O., & Gunkel, D. (2018).
1129:. In Hackstein, O., & Gunkel, D. (2018).
452:uu u – – | – u u – (anaclastic glyconic)
431:x – u – | u – u – | u – u – (iambic trimeter)
226:
918:you who seize a tender virgin for a husband,
329:Runs of glyconic lines are often ended by a
1205:(pp. 77–128). Brill; especially p. 99.
1084:
1077:
1013:
1006:
998:
991:
949:
936:
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
233:
219:
400:
951:o Colōnia, quae cupis ponte lūdere longō
264:, and it is often combined with others.
1329:
303:"u –". The middle foot "– u u –" is a
1000:nec quisquam potior bracchia candidae
532:"I clasp your knees, shooter of deer,
1227:Anacreon, fragment 1 (Diehl 2nd ed.)
820:uu u – – – u u – (gl with anaclasis)
1039:and no better young man used to put
449:x x – u | u – u – (normal glyconic)
13:
1105:
420:x – u – | u – u – (iambic dimeter)
317:is observed, so although the last
14:
1358:
838:
803:– – – – u u – (te with anaclasis)
535:blonde daughter of Zeus, Artemis,
456:
349:version (^gl), also known as the
324:
1310:
1297:
1284:
1271:
1022:– – – u u – u – (glyconic)
956:– u – u u – u – | – u – u u – –
882:virgin(em), ō Hymenae(e) Hymēn,
376:x x – u u – – u u – – u u – u –
1258:
1245:
1230:
1221:
1208:
1189:
1176:
1163:
1146:
554:The following example is from
1:
1154:"Three topics in Greek metre"
1139:
855:, god of wedding ceremonies:
1305:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1279:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1253:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1216:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1184:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1171:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1160:, 32(2), 281–297; pp. 287–8.
1120:Latin Metre: An Introduction
1031:– – – u u – – u u – u –
875:qui rapis tener(am) ad virum
542:
423:x x – u | u – u – (glyconic)
7:
1239:Introduction to Greek Metre
1115:. Oxford University Press.
1015:Persārum viguī rēge beātior
843:
806:uu u – u u uu u – (gl)
461:
10:
1363:
967:
675:
668:
658:
648:
641:
627:
618:
604:
597:
590:
583:
573:
538:mistress of wild animals."
493:
486:
479:
16:Verse of the classic meter
1052:
963:
1135:(pp. 77–128). Brill
1005:
990:
780:hippeúsantos, en ouranôi
753:tāi pleúsasa perirrhútōn
709:Phoíbōi doúla meláthrōn,
503:gounoûmai s᾽ elaphēbóle,
470:, a hymn to the goddess
287:. "x x" is known as the
62:Latin rhythmic hexameter
1158:The Classical Quarterly
510:xanthḕ paî Diós, agríōn
480:γουνοῦμαι σ᾽ ἐλαφηβόλε,
373:x x – u u – – u u – u –
347:acephalous ("headless")
1085:
1078:
1014:
1008:cervīcī iuvenis dabat,
1007:
999:
993:dōnec grātus eram tibī
992:
950:
937:
888:
881:
874:
868:cultor, Ūraniae genus,
867:
860:
669:ἱππεύσαντος, ἐν οὐρανῷ
642:τᾳ πλεύσασα περιρρύτων
517:déspoin᾽ Ártemi thērôn
487:ξανθὴ παῖ Διός, ἀγρίων
401:Origin of the glyconic
275:Here "x" indicates an
77:Metres of Roman comedy
1195:Kiparsky, P. (2018).
1125:Kiparsky, P. (2018).
941:). It is used in the
823:uu u – u u – u – (gl)
817:u – – u u – u – (gl)
794:uu u – u u – u – (gl)
688:on oîdma lipoûsʼ éban
598:Φοίβῳ δούλα μελάθρων,
577:ον οἶδμα λιποῦσʼ ἔβαν
494:δέσποιν᾽ Ἄρτεμι θηρῶν
396:x x – u u – u – u – –
23:Greek and Latin metre
1347:Ancient Greek poetry
1277:D. S. Raven (1965).
1251:D. S. Raven (1965).
1236:West, M. L. (1987).
1214:D. S. Raven (1965).
1182:D. S. Raven (1965).
1169:D. S. Raven (1965).
1118:D. S. Raven (1965).
1111:M. L. West (1982).
1028:– – – u u – u –
896:– u – u u – u – (4x)
826:– – – u u – u – (gl)
814:uu – u u – u uu (gl)
797:– u – u u – u – (gl)
773:lías Zephúrou pnoaîs
730:Parnasoû katenásthē,
702:Phoiníssas apò násou
524:– – – u u – u – (2x)
82:Trochaic septenarius
1303:D. S. Raven (1965)
1152:M. L. West (1982).
1079:tūta mē mediā vehat
943:Appendix Vergiliana
924:o Hymen Hymenaeus."
787:kálliston keládēma.
763:r akarpístōn pedíōn
676:κάλλιστον κελάδημα.
662:λίας Ζεφύρου πνοαῖς
652:ρ ἀκαρπίστων πεδίων
619:Παρνασοῦ κατενάσθη,
591:Φοινίσσας ἀπὸ νάσου
1202:Language and Meter
1132:Language and Meter
1096:– u – – – u –
1086:vīta dēcurrēns viā
970:Asclepiad (poetry)
921:o Hymenaeus Hymen,
899:– u – u u – –
861:Collis ō Helicōniī
829:– – – u u – – (ph)
809:– – – u u – – (ph)
800:– – – u u – – (ph)
311:choriambic nucleus
187:Resolution (meter)
157:Anaclasis (poetry)
112:Asclepiad (poetry)
72:Saturnian (poetry)
42:Dactylic hexameter
889:ō Hymēn Hymenaee.
742:nion katà pónton
695:akrothínia Loxíāi
631:νιον κατὰ πόντον
309:, as a so-called
291:, which can be a
243:
242:
1354:
1321:
1314:
1308:
1301:
1295:
1288:
1282:
1275:
1269:
1262:
1256:
1249:
1243:
1242:(Oxford); p. 58.
1234:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1212:
1206:
1193:
1187:
1180:
1174:
1167:
1161:
1150:
1088:
1081:
1017:
1010:
1002:
995:
953:
940:
891:
884:
877:
870:
863:
789:
782:
775:
765:
755:
748:
732:
725:
711:
704:
697:
690:
678:
677:
671:
670:
664:
663:
654:
653:
644:
643:
637:
636:
621:
620:
614:
613:
600:
599:
593:
592:
586:
585:
579:
578:
519:
512:
505:
496:
495:
489:
488:
482:
481:
384:, often used by
250:Greek lyric poet
248:(from Glycon, a
235:
228:
221:
202:Arsis and thesis
182:Biceps (prosody)
137:Galliambic verse
19:
18:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1337:Types of verses
1327:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1315:
1311:
1302:
1298:
1289:
1285:
1276:
1272:
1263:
1259:
1250:
1246:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1213:
1209:
1194:
1190:
1181:
1177:
1168:
1164:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1108:
1106:Further reading
1093:– u – u u – u –
1064:Hercules Furens
1055:
972:
966:
904:"Cultivator of
846:
841:
584:ἀκροθίνια Λοξίᾳ
545:
464:
459:
403:
382:hendecasyllable
327:
315:brevis in longo
271:x x – u u – u –
252:) is a form of
239:
192:Brevis brevians
172:Brevis in longo
167:Metron (poetry)
87:Hendecasyllable
67:Iambic trimeter
52:Alcmanian verse
47:Elegiac couplet
17:
12:
11:
5:
1360:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1323:
1322:
1309:
1296:
1283:
1270:
1264:Sacred to the
1257:
1244:
1229:
1220:
1207:
1188:
1175:
1162:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1123:
1122:, pp. 140–141.
1116:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1003:
996:
968:Main article:
965:
962:
961:
960:
957:
954:
926:
925:
922:
919:
916:
909:
901:
900:
897:
893:
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
845:
842:
840:
839:Latin examples
837:
836:
835:
831:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
791:
790:
783:
776:
766:
756:
749:
734:
733:
726:
712:
705:
698:
691:
680:
679:
672:
665:
655:
645:
638:
623:
622:
615:
601:
594:
587:
580:
544:
541:
540:
539:
536:
533:
529:
528:
525:
521:
520:
513:
506:
498:
497:
490:
483:
463:
460:
458:
457:Greek examples
455:
454:
453:
450:
439:
438:
435:
432:
425:
424:
421:
402:
399:
398:
397:
378:
377:
374:
363:
362:
343:
342:
326:
325:Related metres
323:
273:
272:
241:
240:
238:
237:
230:
223:
215:
212:
211:
210:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
142:Sotadean metre
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
117:Sapphic stanza
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1359:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Poetic rhythm
1340:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1319:
1313:
1306:
1300:
1293:
1287:
1280:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1255:, p. 140–141.
1254:
1248:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1224:
1217:
1211:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1185:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1145:
1134:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
989:
988:
987:
985:
981:
977:
971:
958:
955:
952:
948:
947:
946:
944:
939:
934:
929:
923:
920:
917:
914:
910:
907:
906:Mount Helicon
903:
902:
898:
895:
894:
890:
886:
883:
879:
876:
872:
869:
865:
862:
858:
857:
856:
854:
850:
833:
832:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
792:
788:
784:
781:
777:
774:
772:
767:
764:
762:
757:
754:
750:
747:
745:
741:
736:
735:
731:
727:
724:
722:
718:
713:
710:
706:
703:
699:
696:
692:
689:
687:
682:
681:
673:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
639:
634:
630:
625:
624:
616:
611:
607:
602:
595:
588:
581:
576:
571:
570:
569:
567:
563:
562:
557:
552:
550:
537:
534:
531:
530:
527:– – – u u – –
526:
523:
522:
518:
514:
511:
507:
504:
500:
499:
491:
484:
477:
476:
475:
473:
469:
451:
448:
447:
446:
444:
436:
433:
430:
429:
428:
422:
419:
418:
417:
414:
412:
411:Paul Kiparsky
408:
395:
394:
393:
391:
387:
383:
375:
372:
371:
370:
368:
361:x – u u – u –
360:
359:
358:
356:
352:
348:
341:x x – u u – –
340:
339:
338:
336:
332:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
307:
302:
299:"– u", or an
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
270:
269:
268:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
236:
231:
229:
224:
222:
217:
216:
214:
213:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
162:Metrical foot
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
122:Alcaic stanza
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
73:
70:
68:
65:
63:
60:
58:
55:
53:
50:
48:
45:
43:
40:
38:
37:Latin prosody
35:
33:
32:Greek prosody
30:
29:
28:
27:
24:
21:
20:
1317:
1312:
1304:
1299:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1260:
1252:
1247:
1238:
1232:
1223:
1215:
1210:
1201:
1191:
1183:
1178:
1170:
1165:
1157:
1148:
1131:
1119:
1112:
1068:
1062:
1056:
1048:
984:pherecratean
973:
932:
930:
927:
847:
786:
779:
770:
769:
760:
759:
752:
743:
739:
738:
729:
720:
716:
715:
708:
701:
694:
685:
684:
659:
649:
632:
628:
609:
605:
574:
559:
553:
546:
516:
509:
502:
465:
440:
426:
415:
404:
379:
364:
354:
350:
344:
331:pherecratean
328:
304:
283:, and "u" a
274:
266:
262:Aeolic verse
245:
244:
197:Porson's Law
132:Anacreontics
106:
97:Aeolic verse
57:Archilochian
1113:Greek Metre
719:pò deirási
608:πὸ δειράσι
355:telesilleus
351:telesillean
337:glyconic):
289:Aeolic base
127:Ionic metre
1331:Categories
1294:, 3.9.1–4.
1140:References
561:Phoenissae
335:catalectic
306:choriambus
1307:, p. 141.
1281:, p. 143.
1218:, p. 140.
1186:, p. 134.
1173:, p. 142.
980:asclepiad
974:The poet
566:anaclasis
556:Euripides
543:Euripides
443:anaclasis
367:asclepiad
295:"– –", a
258:classical
207:Catalexis
152:Lekythion
1316:Seneca,
1290:Horace,
938:priapeus
935:(Latin:
933:priapean
849:Catullus
844:Catullus
549:resolves
468:Anacreon
462:Anacreon
386:Catullus
353:(Latin:
319:syllable
293:spondeus
279:, "–" a
246:Glyconic
147:Dochmiac
107:Glyconic
102:Choriamb
92:Choliamb
1320:890–91.
1318:Oedipus
1070:Oedipus
911:son of
717:hínʼ hu
472:Artemis
390:Martial
369:lines:
357:), is:
297:trochee
1059:Horace
1053:Seneca
976:Horace
964:Horace
913:Urania
723:bólois
612:βόλοις
285:brevis
281:longum
277:anceps
177:Anceps
1266:Muses
853:Hymen
721:nipho
606:ἵνʼ ὑ
407:Vedic
254:meter
1292:Odes
771:Sike
761:hupè
686:Túri
660:Σικε
610:νιφο
575:Τύρι
388:and
345:The
301:iamb
744:elá
650:ὑπὲ
633:ἐλά
333:(a
256:in
1333::
1156:.
740:Ió
629:Ἰό
558:'
474::
392::
1268:.
915:,
908:,
746:-
635:-
234:e
227:t
220:v
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