73:. Since the 1960s, when the initially small field first achieved a measure of acceptance, it has gone through a number of different phases, each with its own challenges and outcomes, but always making an impact of some kind on the historical discipline. Although some of the changes to the study of history have been quite obvious, such as increased numbers of books on famous women or simply the admission of greater numbers of women into the historical profession, other influences are more subtle, even though they may be more politically groundbreaking in the end. By 1970, gender historians turned to documenting ordinary women's expectations, aspirations and status. In the 80s with the rise of the feminist movement, the focus shifted to uncovering women' oppression and discrimination. Nowadays, gender history is more about charting female agency and recognizing female achievements in several fields that were usually dominated by men.
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symbols of female deities are worshipped for their fertility. Furthermore, the religion of a culture usually directly corresponds or is influenced by the culture's gender structure, like the family structures and/or the state. Therefore, the religious structure and the gender structure work together to form and define a culture, creating the defining structures of equality and uniformity.
3241:
43:
of gender throughout time are also represented as changes in the expected norms of behavior for those labeled male or female. Those who study gender history note these changes in norms and those performing them over time and interpret what those changes say about the larger social/cultural/political climate.
175:
All over the world, religion is formed around a divine, supernatural figure. While the idea of the divine, supernatural figure varies from religion to religion, each one is framed around different concepts of what it means to be male and female. In many religions, Christianity in particular, women or
165:
Two types of ‘men's history' are being written these days. One builds on twenty years of women's history scholarship, analyzing masculinity as part of larger gender and cultural processes. The other ... looks to the past to see how men in early generations understood (and misunderstood) themselves as
42:
questioned whether the notion of a
Renaissance was relevant to women. Gender historians are also interested in how gender difference has been perceived and configured at different times and places, usually with the assumption that such differences are socially constructed. These social constructions
110:
According to Scott, the construction of Women's
History as "supplementary" to the rest of history had a similar effect. At first glance, a supplement simply adds information which has been missing from the greater story, but as Scott points out, it also questions why the information was left out in
51:
Women's historians and scholars have made the differentiation between the terms "gender" and "sex". Sex was determined to be the biological makeup of an individual, while gender was determined to be the chosen identity of an individual. Natsuki Aruga has argued that the work of women's historians
60:
While some historians are hesitant to accept the title of "women's historian", others have taken on the title willingly. Those who have accepted the title tend to place a large emphasis on the study of the welfare state in relation to feminist history and the role that gender has played as an
56:
has stated that there is a level of difficulty in determining a distinction between women's and gender studies as there is no singular and overarching definition of what it means to be a woman. This in turn leads to difficulty in determining a distinction between women's and gender histories.
160:
The history of masculinity emerged as a specialty in the 1990s, evidenced by numerous studies of men in groups, and how concepts of masculinity shape their values and behavior. Gail
Bederman identified two approaches: one that emerged from women's history and one that ignored
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have attempted to describe the shared experience of large numbers of people, as though these people and their experiences were homogeneous and uniform. Women have multiple identities, influenced by any number of factors including
2966:
3208:
61:
organizational factor of the state. The focus of feminist historians has also drifted to
Democratic Party policy and the realm of policy, including pay-equity, which is a part of both social and political history.
97:
argued that female historians were treated unequally within the field and underrepresented in the association, they were essentially leveling charges of historical negligence by traditional historians. Notions of
3971:
2557:
4690:
4127:
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38:. The discipline considers in what ways historical events and periodization impact women differently from men. For instance, in an influential article in 1977, "Did Women have a Renaissance?",
52:
regarding gender has helped to solidify the distinction between gender and sex. Women's studies and feminism form part of the base of gender studies, of which gender history is a sub-field.
4167:
2354:
3343:
5185:
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4616:
115:, Women's History first describes her role, second, examines which mechanisms allowed her role to be omitted, and third, asks to what other information these mechanisms were blind.
4285:
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2971:
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3253:
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1852:
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2368:
5027:
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4822:
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2786:
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4112:
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2013:
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5325:
4802:
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788:
69:
Despite its relatively short life, gender history (and its forerunner women's history) has had a rather significant effect on the general study of
4638:
4373:
1594:
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4436:
4348:
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622:
Carstairs, Catherine, and Nancy
Janovicek. "The Dangers of Complacency: women's history/gender history in Canada in the twenty-first century."
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245:
5119:
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4380:
3677:
2929:
2380:
4736:
4731:
4426:
3096:
4628:
2359:
845:
Ditz, Toby L. "The New Men's
History and the Peculiar Absence of Gendered Power: Some Remedies from Early American Gender History,"
5449:
4036:
3735:
2238:
1108:
4290:
5190:
4665:
4172:
4007:
3821:
3745:
3333:
2434:
639:, and Donna Harsch. "Gendering Central European History: Changing Representations of Women and Gender in Comparison, 1968–2017."
582:
Anderson, Marnie S. "The
Forgotten History of Japanese Women's History and the Rise of Women and Gender History in the Academy."
4187:
3203:
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4719:
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1427:
250:
5285:
5124:
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563:
255:
145:
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5114:
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3421:
3102:
2345:
1625:
2373:
587:
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3682:
3517:
2719:
2449:
2399:
1141:
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2959:
5280:
4355:
4117:
3480:
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2801:
932:
923:
857:
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4962:
3865:
3831:
3816:
2811:
2651:
2646:
2634:
2097:
961:
737:
3919:
2902:
4862:
4488:
4204:
3880:
3843:
3716:
3587:
2417:
2412:
2071:
780:
Umoren, Imaobong D. "From the margins to the center: African
American women's and gender history since the 1970s."
209:
4041:
3987:
3848:
2407:
2248:
5482:
4904:
3947:
3929:
3762:
3453:
2422:
2275:
1805:
1423:
90:
2764:
127:
once again challenged commonly held ideas of the discipline, including those scholars studying Women's
History.
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5021:
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4675:
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4385:
4333:
4306:
4068:
3665:
3463:
3274:
3129:
2841:
2796:
2781:
2305:
660:
Jameson, Elizabeth. "Halfway across That Line: Gender at the
Threshold of History in the North American West."
1857:
5180:
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3904:
3796:
3670:
2791:
2714:
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220:
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4240:
5371:
5233:
5050:
4680:
4648:
4137:
3289:
2349:
1180:
1101:
954:
616:
Canning, Kathleen. //Gender history in practice: historical perspectives on bodies, class & citizenship
3997:
3049:
886:
Soine, Aeleah. "The 'Gender Problem' in Nursing: Masculinity and Citizenship in Late Wilhelmine Germany."
152:, and any examination of history which conflates their experiences, fails to provide an accurate picture.
5442:
5275:
5141:
5033:
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4214:
4182:
4132:
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3781:
3522:
3284:
3160:
3154:
3135:
2340:
2169:
2052:
1599:
3658:
3311:
5362:
5239:
5216:
5101:
5004:
4942:
4914:
4550:
4363:
4096:
3870:
3527:
3458:
3113:
2983:
2912:
2057:
1891:
1881:
677:, and Judith Szapor, "The State of Women's and Gender History in Eastern Europe: The Case of Hungary,"
462:
4319:
3267:
3198:
3088:
609:, et al. "The Past and Present of European Women's and Gender History: A Transatlantic Conversation."
5387:
5297:
4643:
2995:
2476:
2018:
1847:
1499:
775:
Gender, sex and the shaping of modern Europe: A history from the French Revolution to the present day
3386:
5382:
4162:
4142:
3699:
3633:
3468:
3043:
2513:
2300:
2257:
2048:
1745:
881:
824:
Manliness & Civilization: A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States, 1880-1917
348:"Can We Have a Total American History? A Comment on the Achievements of Women's and Gender History"
235:
3497:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5472:
5377:
4872:
4314:
3551:
3490:
3416:
3279:
3060:
2816:
2629:
2624:
2602:
2564:
2544:
2178:
2174:
1991:
1864:
1827:
1810:
1630:
1094:
225:
3689:
3653:
928:
5206:
5158:
5153:
4122:
4076:
3925:
3431:
2885:
2858:
2828:
2692:
2639:
2456:
2332:
2227:
2067:
2062:
1920:
1886:
1874:
1869:
1832:
1782:
1640:
1620:
1306:
1251:
1025:
763:
727:
4685:
2940:
901:
Manliness and masculinities in nineteenth-century Britain: Essays on gender, family and empire
5330:
5221:
5201:
5066:
5016:
4909:
4899:
4589:
4555:
4464:
3475:
3213:
3108:
3035:
2907:
2310:
2027:
1981:
1976:
1925:
1589:
1570:
1386:
1281:
1008:
977:
265:
5134:
4545:
4081:
5417:
4894:
4235:
3952:
3307:
3147:
2880:
2756:
2727:
2498:
2160:
2134:
2081:
1915:
1842:
1687:
1652:
1606:
1574:
1452:
1166:
694:
Rose, Shelley E. "German and American Transnational Spaces in Women's and Gender History."
438:
260:
3188:
139:
groups or otherwise, pointed out the weaknesses in various sorts of history. In the past,
8:
5211:
3957:
3371:
3078:
2774:
1986:
1898:
1657:
1291:
1256:
1159:
805:
551:
214:
204:
132:
4709:
4279:
3694:
3398:
2006:
395:
De Hart, Jane Sherron (1993). "Women's History, Gender History, and Political History".
5437:
5432:
5367:
5250:
5163:
4994:
4670:
4002:
3786:
2851:
2806:
2165:
2121:
2076:
1699:
1645:
1566:
1137:
1067:
993:
711:
533:
420:
377:
328:
240:
86:
82:
35:
2707:
878:
American manhood: Transformations in masculinity from the Revolution to the modern era
5255:
5109:
4857:
4154:
3165:
3004:
2429:
2188:
2127:
2086:
1903:
1788:
1724:
1635:
1612:
1556:
1464:
1197:
1045:
793:
733:
559:
525:
412:
369:
320:
186:
166:
men. Books of the second type mostly ignore women's history findings and methodology.
53:
891:
5422:
5129:
4952:
4928:
4889:
4469:
3626:
3016:
2875:
2863:
2155:
2115:
2110:
1935:
1822:
1757:
1584:
1579:
1561:
1419:
1220:
1173:
1003:
998:
596:
517:
404:
359:
312:
112:
2744:
4847:
4454:
4028:
3704:
3068:
2890:
2675:
2439:
2265:
1910:
1225:
1040:
648:
The Oxford history of historical writing: Volume 5: Historical writing since 1945
230:
2948:
5228:
4919:
4338:
3966:
3962:
3613:
3231:
3170:
3010:
2481:
2315:
2103:
2091:
1777:
1338:
1323:
1313:
1215:
1117:
1060:
988:
753:
636:
592:
510:
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
193:
124:
27:
5168:
906:
Traister, Bryce. "Academic Viagra: The Rise of American Masculinity Studies,"
674:
111:
the first place. Whenever it is noticed that a woman found to be missing from
5502:
5308:
5260:
4702:
4328:
2491:
1815:
1796:
1740:
1694:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1526:
1521:
1398:
1391:
1055:
1050:
829:
529:
474:
Bryce Traister, "Academic Viagra: The Rise of American Masculinity Studies,"
416:
373:
324:
128:
364:
347:
3426:
3073:
2895:
2738:
2594:
2043:
2001:
1930:
1667:
1552:
1506:
1494:
1437:
1403:
1035:
1030:
684:
303:
Brown, Kathleen M. (1993). "Brave New Worlds: Women's and Gender History".
149:
99:
838:
Dierks, Konstantin. "Men's History, Gender History, or Cultural History?"
5427:
3709:
3351:
3327:
2697:
2685:
2607:
2183:
1996:
1800:
1536:
1484:
1459:
1442:
1381:
1077:
1018:
4599:
911:
852:
Dorsey, Bruce. "A Man's World: Revisiting Histories of Men and Gender."
766:. "Writing Women's and Gender History in France: A National Narrative?"
719:
479:
381:
5265:
4272:
3915:
3485:
2147:
1735:
1489:
1447:
1433:
1301:
1286:
940:
701:
537:
505:
424:
332:
39:
946:
4192:
3316:
3193:
3023:
2506:
1837:
1516:
1511:
1474:
1469:
1333:
1276:
1261:
1130:
936:
896:
140:
929:
Interview with Professor Dalia Ofer, Institute of Contemporary Jewry
655:
The Oxford Handbook of Gender, War, and the Western World since 1600
631:
Sex, Gender and the Sacred: Reconfiguring Religion in Gender History
521:
408:
316:
4867:
3610:
1531:
1479:
606:
198:
102:
were not rejected outright, but they were accused of being biased.
94:
1318:
1296:
1246:
1150:
1072:
689:"Am I That Name?" Feminism and the Category of 'Women' in History
70:
23:
890:
42.3 (2019): 447–467, how women replaced men in German nursing.
1751:
1328:
1241:
671:( Oxford History of the British Empire Companion Series. 2004).
136:
31:
760:(2nd ed. 2017) a history of the movement in the United States.
2386:
2283:
2144:
1266:
924:
Main focus "Frauen- und Geschlechtergeschichte in Westfalen"
601:
The Oxford Handbook of Women & Gender in Medieval Europe
1271:
787:
Vertinsky, Patricia. "Gender Matters in Sport History." in
46:
808:. " ‘Women's History' in Transition: The European Case."
3734:
729:
Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol 2
5028:
Professionalization and institutionalization of history
558:. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 109, 110.
5320:
Heroic theory of invention and scientific development
646:
Des Jardins, Julie. "Women's and gender History." in
4168:
Awareness in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe
864:
The Manly Art–Bare-Knuckle Prize Fighting in America
461:"Gender: A Useful Category of Historical Analysis,"
691:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1988.
4128:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
3986:
1768:
30:, which looks at the past from the perspective of
4786:
835:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
89:and other historians in a number of ways. In the
5500:
724:Sheldon, Kathleen. 'Women's History: Africa" in
5352:
1595:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought
748:Writing Women's History Since the Renaissance.
439:"History in Focus: articles on gender history"
5176:Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church
5046:Western European colonialism and colonization
3595:
1102:
962:
550:
3506:
85:, conflict occurred between Women's History
3609:
816:
288:Becoming Visible: Women in European History
246:History of women in the Indian subcontinent
3602:
3588:
1109:
1095:
969:
955:
826:. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1995.
732:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1308–11.
725:
217:, A major collection at Harvard University
4231:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
773:Timm, Annette F., and Joshua A. Sanborn.
363:
155:
5450:Historical geographic information system
2216:
105:
76:
976:
718:(1999), influential theoretical essays
629:De Groot, Joanna and Sue Morgan, eds.
394:
47:Women's historians and gender histories
16:Sub-field of history and gender studies
5501:
5090:English historical school of economics
3142:Historical Series of the Bank of Italy
1196:
556:Gender in History: Global Perspectives
503:
251:History of women in the United Kingdom
34:. It is in many ways, an outgrowth of
5406:
5351:
5286:Revisionist school of Islamic studies
5125:Historical reliability of the Gospels
4983:
4510:
3583:
3572:
2215:
1958:
1722:
1361:
1195:
1090:
950:
800:The Oxford Handbook of Sports History
345:
302:
298:
296:
256:History of women in the United States
170:
5478:
3573:
3103:More Irish than the Irish themselves
935:, about women and gender during the
708:. Malden, Mass.: Polity Press, 2010.
455:
280:
201:, A term for feminist historiography
4173:Functionalism–intentionalism debate
1362:
13:
5186:Hermeneutics of Vatican Council II
3130:Fourth Italian War of Independence
1116:
933:The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
716:Gender and the Politics of History
576:
293:
14:
5530:
917:
681:(20070, Vol. 19 Issue, pp 160–166
618:(Cornell University Press, 2006).
5477:
5468:
5467:
4984:
4484:
4483:
4325:Palestinian expulsion and flight
2837:5000-year civilization assertion
2413:Nadir of American race relations
871:Fatherhood in America: A history
286:"Did Women have a Renaissance?"
210:Legal rights of women in history
118:
5314:Protestant Ethic and Capitalism
4188:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
4123:Soviets and the Warsaw Uprising
3930:Causes of the Armenian genocide
2239:Pyramid construction techniques
1806:Comparative historical research
1723:
1424:Library and information science
544:
352:The Journal of American History
91:American Historical Association
5326:Gunpowder and gun transmission
5276:Religionsgeschichtliche Schule
5085:Historical school of economics
5022:Nationalism in the Middle Ages
4460:Gunpowder and gun transmission
4334:Zionism as settler colonialism
3339:Limpieza de sangre controversy
2306:Metropolitan-hinterland thesis
777:(Bloomsbury Publishing, 2022).
497:
484:
468:
431:
388:
339:
305:The William and Mary Quarterly
1:
5135:Opposition to Papal supremacy
4511:
2323:Indigenous population history
653:Hagemann, Karen, et al. eds.
273:
221:Sex in the American Civil War
5051:Desacralization of knowledge
3322:Carlism in the Francoist era
3290:Holodomor in modern politics
1959:
662:Western Historical Quarterly
131:criticism of essentialising
7:
5443:Historiographic metafiction
5407:
5353:Organizations, publications
5142:Proto-orthodox Christianity
4092:German resistance to Nazism
3948:Persian famine of 1917–1919
3358:Islamic revolution of Spain
3285:Holodomor genocide question
3161:Revisionism of Risorgimento
3155:Rerum italicarum scriptores
3136:Historiae Patriae Monumenta
2903:Self-Strengthening Movement
2053:decolonization of knowledge
854:Reviews in American History
768:Journal of Women's History,
750:(2003) 308 pages; on Europe
679:Journal of Women's History,
492:Journal of American History
179:
10:
5535:
5240:Wissenschaft des Judentums
5217:Criticism of Protestantism
4097:Nazi foreign policy debate
3528:Second colonial occupation
3275:Soviet famine of 1930–1933
2913:Tibetan sovereignty debate
2457:Progressive-era historians
1892:Nationalization of history
1843:Historical-critical method
696:Journal of Women's History
611:Journal of Women's History
584:Journal of Women's History
506:"Female Fertility Figures"
465:91, No. 5 (December 1986).
463:American Historical Review
5462:
5413:
5402:
5358:
5347:
5296:
5100:
5059:
4990:
4979:
4835:
4521:
4517:
4506:
4478:
4447:
4411:
4305:
4259:
4245:Second Sino-Japanese War
4223:
4153:
4105:
4067:
4027:
3903:
3725:
3644:
3620:
3579:
3568:
3544:
3442:
3409:
3300:
3224:
3181:
3122:
3087:
3059:
3050:Vergangenheitsbewältigung
2994:
2921:
2827:
2755:
2469:
2398:
2331:
2293:
2226:
2222:
2211:
2036:
1969:
1965:
1954:
1731:
1718:
1545:
1412:
1374:
1370:
1357:
1234:
1208:
1204:
1191:
1124:
1086:
984:
290:. Houghton Mifflin, 1977.
64:
5000:Crisis of historiography
4163:Auschwitz bombing debate
3849:Indian Rebellion of 1857
3700:Late Bronze Age collapse
3634:List of military museums
3237:Pre-Revolutionary Russia
3209:Polish People's Republic
3044:Sybel-Ficker controversy
2408:African-American history
2381:Colonial Spanish America
2170:Second Thirty Years' War
798:and Wayne Wilson, eds.,
726:Kelly Boyd, ed. (1999).
641:Central European History
236:Women in the Middle Ages
4113:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
3972:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
3523:Porter–MacKenzie debate
3280:Causes of the Holodomor
2817:Problem of two emperors
2765:Catilinarian conspiracy
1992:Historical significance
1853:Indiscipline of history
1828:Historical anthropology
770:(2007) 19#1 pp 167–172.
720:excerpt and text search
706:What is Gender History?
346:Aruga, Natsuki (2012).
226:Women in Church history
123:Finally, the advent of
81:According to historian
5207:Protestant Reformation
5181:Second Vatican Council
5159:Succession to Muhammad
5154:Criticism of the Quran
4905:Religious perspectives
4639:Klemens von Metternich
4236:"Battle for Australia"
4118:Soviet offensive plans
4087:Broad vs. narrow front
3926:Late Ottoman genocides
2859:Century of humiliation
2640:Goguryeo controversies
2618:2,500-year celebration
2276:Double genocide theory
2063:Historical negationism
1887:Ancestral civilisation
1875:Historical materialism
1833:Historical determinism
1783:History of mentalities
856:40#3 (2012): 452–458.
817:History of Masculinity
784:13.12 (2015): 646–658.
667:Levine, Philippa, ed.
624:Women's History Review
552:Wiesner-Hanks, Merry E
504:Murray, M. A. (1934).
168:
156:History of masculinity
5331:Torsion mangonel myth
5234:Modern Jewish history
5229:Jesuit historiography
5222:Protestant work ethic
5202:Hesychast controversy
5067:Industrial Revolution
5017:Library of Alexandria
4935:The Lord of the Rings
4585:Constantine the Great
4465:Torsion mangonel myth
4397:Sri Lankan Civil War
3476:Storm over the gentry
3377:Colonies or Provinces
2908:Sprouts of capitalism
1982:Historic preservation
1977:Change and continuity
888:German Studies Review
876:Rotundo, E. Anthony.
698:30.1 (2018): 163–169.
643:51.1 (2018): 114–127.
613:25.4 (2013): 288–308.
365:10.1093/jahist/jas465
266:Women in World War II
190:, A scholarly journal
163:
106:Supplementary history
77:Within the profession
5418:Commemorative plaque
4634:Juan Manuel de Rosas
4082:"Blitzkrieg" concept
3953:Powder keg of Europe
3828:Franco-Prussian War
3498:Winter of Discontent
3481:Suffragette Campaign
3148:Italiani brava gente
3114:Revolutionary period
2936:Frankish Interregnum
2869:"Chineseness" debate
2802:Byzantine succession
2787:Fall of Western Rome
2728:Executed Renaissance
2217:By country or region
2161:Age of Enlightenment
2135:Vaticinium ex eventu
2082:Modernisation theory
1916:Quantitative history
1292:Historical documents
869:Griswold, Robert L.
847:Gender & History
840:Gender & History
806:Zemon Davis, Natalie
586:32.1 (2020): 62–84.
478:52 (2000): 274–304.
397:The Public Historian
261:Women in World War I
133:socially constructed
5247:Schools of thought
5212:Proto-Protestantism
5081:School of Thoughts
4963:William Shakespeare
4948:Robert Falcon Scott
4853:Friedrich Nietzsche
4691:Cult of personality
4676:Neville Chamberlain
4536:Alexander the Great
4418:Russo-Georgian War
4391:Sovereignty dispute
4370:Iranian Revolution
4200:"Polish death camp"
4177:In relation to the
3886:Myth of English aid
3877:War of the Pacific
3654:Albigensian Crusade
3079:Indigenous Aryanism
2775:Constantinian shift
2311:Residential schools
2068:Historian's fallacy
1987:Historic recurrence
1485:Numismatics (Money)
1257:Archaeological site
1181:theories of history
978:Theories of history
910:52 (2000): 274–304
758:Transgender History
712:Scott, Joan Wallach
626:27.1 (2018): 29–40.
215:Schlesinger Library
205:History of feminism
5438:Historical realism
5433:Historical fiction
5378:History institutes
5368:Historical society
5363:Heritage registers
5251:Biblical criticism
5164:Islamic golden age
5115:Early Christianity
4995:Bears in antiquity
4883:Medieval Christian
4681:Pedro II of Brazil
4629:José de San Martín
4433:Syrian revolution
4345:Malayan Emergency
4320:1948 Palestine war
4053:Spanish Civil War
4003:War guilt question
3812:American Civil War
3792:Invasion of Russia
3768:New Russian School
3552:Colonial Australia
3268:October Revolution
3031:Strukturgeschichte
2967:Location of Alésia
2886:Hua–Yi distinction
2807:Moscow, third Rome
2423:Reconstruction era
2244:Black Egypt Thesis
2166:European Civil War
2122:Translatio imperii
2077:Invented tradition
1198:Historical sources
1068:List of historians
908:American Quarterly
903:(Routledge, 2017).
812:3, no. 3–4 (1976):
764:Thébaud, Françoise
664:47.1 (2016): 1-26.
476:American Quarterly
171:Gender in religion
22:is a sub-field of
5496:
5495:
5492:
5491:
5458:
5457:
5398:
5397:
5343:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5256:Catholic theology
5110:Avestan geography
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4958:Søren Kierkegaard
4831:
4830:
4742:Warren G. Harding
4502:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4301:
4300:
4179:Armenian genocide
4042:Polish–Soviet War
4037:Burning of Smyrna
4023:
4022:
4013:Reichstag inquiry
3936:Patriotic consent
3807:
3806:
3782:War in the Vendée
3746:French Revolution
3728:century conflicts
3717:Peloponnesian War
3678:Eighty Years' War
3564:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3469:Westminster Stone
3166:Southern question
3005:Alltagsgeschichte
2955:Legendary Saracen
2657:Early settlements
2465:
2464:
2445:Political history
2430:Consensus history
2207:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2189:Continuity thesis
2128:Translatio studii
2014:Theory of history
1950:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1904:Subaltern Studies
1789:Nouvelle histoire
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1626:Medieval churches
1613:Geistesgeschichte
1557:Paleoanthropology
1465:Encyclopaedistics
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1221:Secondary sources
862:Gorn, Elliott J.
842:14 (2002): 147–51
746:Spongberg, Mary.
669:Gender and Empire
593:Bennett, Judith M
565:978-1-4051-8995-8
443:www.history.ac.uk
5526:
5481:
5480:
5471:
5470:
5423:Documentary film
5404:
5403:
5383:History journals
5349:
5348:
5322:
5194:
5130:Primacy of Peter
5077:Great Depression
5057:
5056:
5030:
5008:
4981:
4980:
4929:J. R. R. Tolkien
4784:
4783:
4779:
4767:
4755:
4737:Ulysses S. Grant
4732:Thomas Jefferson
4723:
4699:
4662:
4625:
4613:
4581:
4569:
4561:Chiang Ching-kuo
4551:Cato the Younger
4541:Amin al-Husseini
4519:
4518:
4508:
4507:
4487:
4486:
4470:War and genocide
4294:
4280:Résistancialisme
4267:Battle of France
4249:Nanjing Massacre
4103:
4102:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3944:
3894:
3776:
3759:
3732:
3731:
3659:Catharism debate
3645:pre-18th century
3627:Military history
3604:
3597:
3590:
3581:
3580:
3574:By war, conflict
3570:
3569:
3518:Cambridge School
3504:
3503:
3402:
3390:
3366:
3347:
3257:
3245:
3217:
3039:
3017:Historikerstreit
2987:
2975:
2963:
2944:
2930:Cordon sanitaire
2876:New Qing History
2864:Conquest dynasty
2855:
2770:Christianization
2753:
2752:
2672:
2585:
2573:
2561:
2539:
2527:
2519:Byzantine Empire
2374:Iquicha Royalism
2363:
2329:
2328:
2252:
2224:
2223:
2213:
2212:
2156:Age of Discovery
2145:Periodization of
2142:
2141:
2116:Transhistoricity
2111:Thirty-year rule
2022:
2010:
1967:
1966:
1956:
1955:
1936:Great Man theory
1899:People's history
1861:
1766:
1765:
1758:Three-age system
1720:
1719:
1420:Archival science
1372:
1371:
1359:
1358:
1226:Tertiary sources
1206:
1205:
1193:
1192:
1142:by area of study
1111:
1104:
1097:
1088:
1087:
971:
964:
957:
948:
947:
822:Bederman, Gail.
810:Feminist Studies
797:
743:
597:Ruth Mazo Karras
570:
569:
548:
542:
541:
501:
495:
494:84 (1997) p. 680
488:
482:
472:
466:
459:
453:
452:
450:
449:
435:
429:
428:
392:
386:
385:
367:
343:
337:
336:
300:
291:
284:
135:groups, be they
5534:
5533:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5525:
5524:
5523:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5488:
5487:
5454:
5409:
5394:
5354:
5335:
5318:
5301:
5292:
5188:
5096:
5072:Great Recession
5055:
5026:
5002:
4986:
4967:
4858:H. P. Lovecraft
4827:
4789:
4782:
4773:
4761:
4749:
4717:
4693:
4666:Muammar Gaddafi
4656:
4644:Leonid Brezhnev
4619:
4607:
4590:Gregory Palamas
4575:
4573:Chiang Kai Shek
4563:
4523:
4513:
4494:
4493:
4474:
4455:Conflict thesis
4443:
4407:
4297:
4288:
4255:
4219:
4149:
4101:
4063:
4029:Interwar period
4019:
3989:
3982:
3974:
3958:Schlieffen Plan
3938:
3899:
3888:
3803:
3770:
3753:
3738:
3727:
3721:
3705:Dorian invasion
3690:Fall of Babylon
3646:
3640:
3639:
3616:
3608:
3575:
3556:
3532:
3509:
3502:
3464:Kingdom of Alba
3445:
3438:
3405:
3396:
3384:
3382:Spanish decline
3360:
3341:
3296:
3251:
3239:
3220:
3211:
3177:
3118:
3083:
3069:Greater Magadha
3055:
3033:
2990:
2981:
2969:
2957:
2938:
2917:
2891:Four Barbarians
2849:
2823:
2751:
2708:Götaland theory
2676:Lusotropicalism
2666:
2647:North Macedonia
2579:
2567:
2555:
2533:
2521:
2461:
2440:Frontier thesis
2435:Cyclical theory
2418:Neoabolitionism
2394:
2357:
2327:
2289:
2266:Greater Morocco
2246:
2218:
2195:
2146:
2140:
2032:
2016:
2004:
1961:
1942:
1855:
1770:
1764:
1746:Historical eras
1727:
1706:
1541:
1438:Writing systems
1408:
1366:
1364:Fields of study
1345:
1339:Service records
1324:Religious texts
1230:
1216:Primary sources
1200:
1187:
1186:
1120:
1115:
1082:
980:
975:
920:
849:16 (2004): 1-35
819:
802:(2017): 445–60.
791:
782:History Compass
740:
637:Hagemann, Karen
579:
577:Further reading
574:
573:
566:
549:
545:
522:10.2307/2843950
502:
498:
490:Gail Bederman,
489:
485:
473:
469:
460:
456:
447:
445:
437:
436:
432:
409:10.2307/3378639
393:
389:
344:
340:
317:10.2307/2947077
301:
294:
285:
281:
276:
241:Women's history
231:Women in combat
182:
173:
158:
121:
113:written history
108:
100:professionalism
79:
67:
49:
36:women's history
17:
12:
11:
5:
5532:
5522:
5521:
5519:Social history
5516:
5514:Gender studies
5511:
5509:Gender history
5494:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5475:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5456:
5455:
5453:
5452:
5447:
5446:
5445:
5440:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5400:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5380:
5375:
5365:
5359:
5356:
5355:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5316:
5311:
5305:
5303:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5231:
5226:
5225:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5204:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5173:
5172:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5127:
5122:
5112:
5106:
5104:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5063:
5061:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5036:
5031:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
4997:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4926:
4925:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4902:
4897:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4848:Charles Darwin
4845:
4839:
4837:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4826:
4825:
4820:
4818:United Kingdom
4815:
4810:
4808:Modern Germany
4805:
4800:
4794:
4792:
4781:
4780:
4768:
4756:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4727:Thomas Aquinas
4724:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4614:
4602:
4597:
4595:Horatio Nelson
4592:
4587:
4582:
4570:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4527:
4525:
4515:
4514:
4504:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4480:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4427:Responsibility
4424:
4415:
4413:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4383:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4358:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4339:New Historians
4336:
4331:
4317:
4311:
4309:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4205:Responsibility
4202:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4159:
4157:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4100:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4073:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4039:
4033:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3981:
3969:
3963:Spirit of 1914
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3933:
3923:
3920:Fischer thesis
3909:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3883:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3863:
3861:Paraguayan War
3858:
3857:
3856:
3846:
3841:
3840:
3839:
3834:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3819:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3787:Napoleonic era
3784:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3765:
3760:
3751:Pre-revolution
3742:
3740:
3736:Coalition Wars
3729:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3719:
3714:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3686:
3685:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3630:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3614:historiography
3607:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3584:
3577:
3576:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3456:
3450:
3448:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3432:Decline thesis
3429:
3422:Ottoman Empire
3419:
3413:
3411:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3391:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3348:
3336:
3331:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3249:Skeptic School
3234:
3232:Anti-Normanism
3228:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3189:Golden Liberty
3185:
3183:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3171:Neo-Bourbonism
3163:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3139:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3046:
3041:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3011:Borussian myth
3008:
3000:
2998:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2976:
2964:
2952:
2945:
2933:
2925:
2923:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2861:
2856:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2612:
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4686:Simon Bolivar
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4260:Western Front
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4241:Bengal famine
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4155:The Holocaust
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2812:Ottoman claim
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2792:Prosopography
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2745:Trưng sisters
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2492:Habsburg myth
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2400:United States
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2333:Latin America
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1399:Local history
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1056:Psychohistory
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1009:Environmental
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833:Masculinities
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830:Connell, R.W.
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739:9781884964336
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702:Rose, Sonya O
700:
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685:Riley, Denise
683:
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650:(2011): 136+.
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603:(2013) 626pp.
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125:gender theory
119:Gender theory
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5040:The Simpsons
5038:
4985:Other topics
4933:
4910:Christianity
4900:Resurrection
4531:Adolf Hitler
4360:Six-Day War
4356:Algerian War
4327: /
4286:Vichy France
4278:
4271:
4181: /
4069:World War II
3965: /
3632:
3625:
3427:Ghaza thesis
3350:
3326:
3312:White legend
3310: /
3308:Black legend
3263:Soviet Union
3153:
3146:
3134:
3097:Great Famine
3074:Indocentrism
3048:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3003:
2949:Grand Siècle
2947:
2928:
2896:Sinocentrism
2757:Ancient Rome
2737:
2595:Aryan Kartli
2593:
2385:
2348: /
2282:
2179:19th century
2177: /
2168: /
2133:
2126:
2125: /
2120:
2096:
2070: /
2044:Black legend
2002:Historiology
1799: /
1787:
1750:
1688:Quantitative
1662:
1611:
1607:Intellectual
1573: /
1569: /
1555: /
1553:Anthropology
1507:Phaleristics
1500:preservation
1495:Oral history
1436: /
1422: /
1404:Microhistory
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1149:
1140: /
1136:
1129:
1041:Postcolonial
1036:Microhistory
1031:Macrohistory
1013:
907:
900:
887:
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870:
863:
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839:
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823:
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695:
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678:
675:Petö, Andrea
668:
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446:. Retrieved
442:
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403:(4): 77–78.
400:
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282:
185:
174:
164:
159:
122:
109:
80:
68:
59:
50:
19:
18:
5428:Hagiography
5189: [
5149:Early Islam
5003: [
4895:Historicity
4873:Historicity
4863:Jane Austen
4843:The Beatles
4813:Netherlands
4774: [
4771:Zhuge Liang
4762: [
4750: [
4747:Yuan Shikai
4718: [
4715:Sun Yat Tse
4694: [
4657: [
4620: [
4608: [
4605:Jiang Zemin
4576: [
4564: [
4556:Che Guevara
4289: [
4224:Pacific War
4008:Article 231
3998:Reparations
3975: [
3939: [
3916:Color books
3905:World War I
3889: [
3866:War of 1812
3771: [
3754: [
3739:(1792–1815)
3710:Sea Peoples
3695:Gallic Wars
3397: [
3385: [
3372:Revisionist
3361: [
3352:Reconquista
3342: [
3334:Inquisition
3328:Convivencia
3252: [
3240: [
3212: [
3109:Revisionism
3034: [
2982: [
2970: [
2958: [
2939: [
2881:Golden ages
2850: [
2847:Wunu School
2842:Archaeology
2715:Switzerland
2698:Kosovo Myth
2686:Great Union
2667: [
2652:Philippines
2635:Nationalist
2608:Ages of Man
2580: [
2568: [
2556: [
2534: [
2522: [
2358: [
2355:Revisionist
2247: [
2184:Renaissance
2049:Coloniality
2017: [
2005: [
1997:Historicity
1921:Revisionist
1911:Pop history
1882:Nationalist
1856: [
1801:Cliometrics
1769:Approaches,
1725:Methodology
1621:Linguistics
1571:Environment
1537:Vexillology
1460:Diplomatics
1443:Chorography
1382:Big History
1334:War diaries
1307:Illuminated
1302:Manuscripts
1287:Hieroglyphs
1167:historicity
1078:Big History
1019:Historicism
792: [
129:Post-modern
5503:Categories
5483:Multimedia
5302:Technology
5266:Urreligion
5169:Kharijites
5120:Background
4788:Historical
4759:Zhou Enlai
4654:Mao Zedong
4649:Louis Riel
4422:Background
4273:Guilty Men
4215:Uniqueness
4138:Background
4133:Winter War
4057:Background
3990:Versailles
3844:Great Game
3491:Ricardians
3486:Tudor myth
3204:Partitions
2797:Succession
2087:Narratives
2072:Presentism
2028:Philosophy
1848:Humanistic
1736:Case study
1668:Indigenous
1646:Diplomatic
1590:Capitalism
1490:Onomastics
1448:Chronology
1277:Facsimiles
1262:Chronicles
1160:historians
1131:Historians
1051:Postmodern
994:Conceptual
941:Yad Vashem
897:Tosh, John
516:: 93–100.
448:2017-07-11
274:References
141:historians
87:historians
83:Joan Scott
40:Joan Kelly
5271:Perennial
5060:Economics
5012:Feudalism
4798:Australia
4546:Aurangzeb
4522:Political
4512:By person
4193:Pius Wars
3988:Treaty of
3647:conflicts
3454:Poor Laws
3317:Hispanism
3194:Sarmatism
3024:Sonderweg
2782:Expansion
2507:Litvinism
2341:Argentina
2175:Long 18th
2058:Dark Ages
1838:Historism
1636:Political
1575:Geography
1512:Philology
1475:Genealogy
1470:Epigraphy
1413:By source
1252:Artifacts
937:Holocaust
607:Blom, Ida
530:0307-3114
417:0272-3433
374:0021-8723
325:0043-5597
95:feminists
5473:Category
5388:template
5102:Religion
4953:Socrates
4868:Muhammed
4790:rankings
4671:Napoleon
4489:Category
4307:Cold War
4210:Slovakia
3797:Waterloo
3666:Crusades
3611:Military
3459:Scotland
3417:Kemalist
2739:Nam tiến
2734:Vietnam
2724:Ukraine
2682:Romania
2664:Portugal
2590:Georgia
2565:Medieval
2514:Bulgaria
2503:Belarus
2488:Austria
2294:Americas
2262:Morocco
2258:Ethiopia
2037:Specific
1960:Concepts
1865:Leninist
1823:Feminist
1811:Critical
1658:Feminism
1631:Military
1585:Business
1580:Economic
1562:Cultural
1546:By topic
1532:Toponymy
1480:Heraldry
1428:template
1375:By scale
1297:Logbooks
1282:Features
1247:Archives
1046:Politics
1004:Economic
999:Cultural
943:website.
912:in JSTOR
880:(1993).
554:(2011).
382:44308392
199:Herstory
180:See also
5408:Related
5298:Science
4943:Madonna
4915:Judaism
4878:Judaism
4710:Saladin
4600:Hypatia
4524:leaders
4448:Related
4401:Origins
4364:Origins
4315:Origins
3871:Origins
3817:Origins
3683:Origins
3545:Oceania
3508:British
3446:Kingdom
3089:Ireland
2996:Germany
2704:Sweden
2577:New Age
2553:Ancient
2549:Europe
2545:Croatia
2477:Albania
2470:Eurasia
2272:Rwanda
1970:General
1870:Marxist
1771:schools
1600:Thought
1567:Ecology
1329:Scrolls
1267:Codices
1235:Sources
1174:history
1151:History
1073:History
1026:Marxist
989:Annales
892:excerpt
882:excerpt
633:(2014).
599:, eds.
538:2843950
425:3378639
333:2947077
187:Aspasia
93:, when
71:history
24:history
5034:Salons
4836:Others
4803:Canada
4437:Causes
4374:Causes
4349:Causes
4143:Spirit
4077:Causes
4047:Causes
3912:Causes
3881:Causes
3854:Causes
3832:Causes
3763:Causes
3510:Empire
3444:United
3410:Turkey
3225:Russia
3199:Deluge
3182:Poland
2922:France
2720:Taiwan
2693:Serbia
2499:Balhae
2350:Causes
2301:Canada
2235:Egypt
2228:Africa
1752:Tarikh
1673:Labour
1663:Gender
1653:Social
1453:dating
1319:Papyri
1242:Annals
1061:Social
1014:Gender
873:(1993)
866:(1986)
858:online
736:
657:(2022)
595:. and
588:online
562:
536:
528:
480:online
423:
415:
380:
372:
331:
323:
137:gender
65:Impact
32:gender
5281:Roman
5193:]
5007:]
4920:Islam
4890:Jesus
4778:]
4766:]
4754:]
4722:]
4698:]
4661:]
4624:]
4612:]
4580:]
4568:]
4293:]
4183:Nakba
3979:]
3943:]
3893:]
3775:]
3758:]
3401:]
3389:]
3365:]
3346:]
3301:Spain
3256:]
3244:]
3216:]
3123:Italy
3061:India
3038:]
2986:]
2974:]
2962:]
2943:]
2854:]
2829:China
2671:]
2630:Korea
2625:Japan
2614:Iran
2603:Greek
2584:]
2572:]
2560:]
2538:]
2531:Early
2526:]
2387:Casta
2362:]
2284:Maafa
2251:]
2021:]
2009:]
1860:]
1700:Women
1695:Urban
1683:Rural
1678:LGBTQ
1434:Books
1272:Deeds
1209:Types
796:]
534:JSTOR
421:JSTOR
378:JSTOR
329:JSTOR
150:class
5372:list
3967:1917
2979:Lyon
2450:Eras
2369:Peru
2104:list
2051:and
1931:Whig
1138:list
734:ISBN
560:ISBN
526:ISSN
413:ISSN
370:ISSN
321:ISSN
148:and
146:race
26:and
2098:Pax
518:doi
405:doi
360:doi
313:doi
161:it:
5505::
5191:it
5005:pt
4776:zh
4764:zh
4752:zh
4720:zh
4696:es
4659:zh
4622:ru
4610:zh
4578:zh
4566:zh
4291:fr
3977:ru
3941:fr
3918:/
3891:es
3773:ru
3756:fr
3399:es
3387:es
3363:es
3344:es
3254:ru
3242:ru
3214:pl
3036:de
2984:fr
2972:fr
2960:fr
2941:fr
2852:zh
2669:pt
2582:ru
2570:ru
2558:ru
2536:ru
2524:de
2360:es
2249:es
2019:de
2007:es
1858:pt
939:,
931:,
899:.
794:de
756:.
714:.
704:.
687:.
532:.
524:.
514:64
512:.
508:.
441:.
419:.
411:.
401:15
399:.
376:.
368:.
356:99
354:.
350:.
327:.
319:.
309:50
307:.
295:^
5374:)
5370:(
5300:/
3932:)
3928:(
3922:)
3914:(
3603:e
3596:t
3589:v
3105:"
3101:"
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1426:(
1110:e
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970:e
963:t
956:v
742:.
568:.
540:.
520::
451:.
427:.
407::
384:.
362::
335:.
315::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.