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589:, and it has long dominated the city's economy and politics. After the RPA took root, however, the shift in government caused friction with Chevron, particularly after the McLaughlin administration fought it in court over the payment of various taxes. A major fire at the refinery in August 2012 led to another hotly contested lawsuit, this time for "willful and conscious disregard of public safety".
419:, "and the city is operating with an interim city manager, city attorney, police chief and fire chief. The city has no library director and no parks and recreation director, and no one running its housing authority." Together with RPA colleagues, McLaughlin won her first election to the Richmond City Council in November 2004.
462:. She was elected on November 7, 2006 by a 242-vote margin over Anderson. At the time, her victory made Richmond the largest city in the country with a Green Party mayor. McLaughlin won a second term in office in the 2010 municipal election. She overcame a well-funded offensive to unseat her during the re-election campaign.
622:
all won by wide margins in 2014 despite having been heavily outspent by their opposition. The 2016 City
Council elections were noticeably quieter in tone, with no financial input from Chevron, according to campaign finance reports. Two other RPA candidates, Melvin Willis and Ben Choi, won open seats
548:
caused by abandoned foreclosed homes. The city thus has a right and duty to prevent foreclosures, as well as a legal necessity to protect its citizens: "People were tricked. They were sold these bad loans" which were far in excess of their value, and made
Richmond "a community being victimized". In
572:
were all said to be considering mortgage seizure, although only
Richmond publicly pursued the plan. Undaunted, McLaughlin told the press in August 2013 that her administration was confident that it would prevail in court against the banks. The following month, after heated public debate, the City
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of the late 2000s had a powerful impact on
Richmond. Even by 2013, nearly half of all home mortgages in the city were "underwater", with owners owing more than their houses were worth. On average, homeowners with mortgages were indebted for about 45% more than the original value of their homes.
592:
Chevron spent $ 1.2 million in 2012 to oppose two
Richmond Progressive Alliance (RPA) City Council candidates who were critical of the company and to support three that the oil company considered supportive. That was the one year that the RPA candidates lost. McLaughlin herself was not up for
654:. The hotly contested primary race saw over $ 10 million raised by campaigns – "far more than the $ 7.6 million that candidates raised for the entire election cycle the last time the seat was open in 2010". In a crowded field of eight, McLaughlin took 3.6% of the vote.
560:, immediately filed lawsuits against the city. Arguing that it was an illegal use of eminent domain, the banks also warned that it would severely damage the U.S. mortgage industry by encouraging other municipalities to do the same. Other cities, including
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413:, as well as independent voters. In 2004, the RPA ran a slate of candidates to replace a municipal government that was widely seen as dysfunctional: "There are vacancies in virtually every major administrative department," wrote the
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Even after her mayoralty ended, Chevron continued to oppose her vigorously, "spending some $ 3 million – an unheard of amount for a small, local election – to campaign against McLaughlin and her slate" in the
330:(Committee In Solidarity with the People of El Salvador). She also played an active role in the North Star Network, a national networking effort to unite progressives, and in coalition-building efforts with
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McLaughlin mounted a unique and highly controversial effort to gain control of the mortgages. The city, in partnership with a private financing company, would seek to purchase mortgages from banks at
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646:. Her independent campaign refused to accept any corporate contributions. Although she ran with no party affiliation, her endorsements include California's Green Party,
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refinery has become the unlikely vanguard for anticorporate, left-wing activism". From early in her career, McLaughlin gave tangible governmental support to workers'
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March 2013, the City
Council voted 6–1 in favor of partnering with a San Francisco firm, Mortgage Resolution Partners (MRP), to begin enactment of the plan.
434:, the criminalization of the homeless, and Chevron's Richmond Refinery tax perks. She has also been involved in an ongoing effort to stop development on the
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606:. She was nonetheless elected to the City Council in 2014 and served in this role until July 18, 2017, when she resigned to seek a higher political office.
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to US$ 12.30 per hour. The raise provided impetus to the broader statewide minimum wage movement. McLaughlin was a member of the nationwide advocacy group
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2011:
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281:
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1980:
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In 2016, McLaughlin changed her political party registration from Green Party to NPP ("No Party
Preference") so she could vote for U.S. Senator
533:
and then allow the homeowners to refinance for a minimal fee. If the banks refused, the city would seize the mortgages using the legal power of
684:
603:
540:
Defending the plan, McLaughlin said mortgage seizures were necessary to alleviate "an unjust set of circumstances" facing homeowners after the
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666:, was published in 2017 with a foreword written by Bernie Sanders. This was followed in early 2018 by McLaughlin's own memoir,
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Opponents in
Richmond countered that the plan would help only a small subsection of mortgage-holders, while two banks,
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McLaughlin's election in 2006 made
Richmond the largest U.S. city led by a Green Party member. She has advocated for a
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639:
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145:
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from banks. She has led an ongoing effort to restrict the municipal influence of
Richmond's largest employer, the
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1351:
806:
38:
1884:"Bernie Sanders' Our Revolution Organization Endorses Independent Over Democrat in Lt. Gov. Race For California"
2181:
615:, which referred to her and the RPA in a 2016 editorial as "the biggest deniers of the city's fiscal crisis."
593:
reelection that year, but strongly supported the two RPA candidates with whom she shared progressive values.
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2003:
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She has worked as a postal clerk, teacher, caregiver for the elderly, and tutor/clinician for children with
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222:
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1972:
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1449:"After 7-hour meeting, it's on: Richmond sticks with its plan to seize mortgages through eminent domain"
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during her political career. The multinational energy corporation maintains a massive, century-old oil
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873:
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276:, she was reelected to the City Council in 2014. In June 2017, she announced her candidacy for
42:
910:
2219:
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378:
366:
1837:"'Lite Guv' no more: California candidates spending millions for a job that gets no respect"
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and other business interests. She also spearheaded a 2014 effort to raise Richmond's local
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8:
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1750:"Willis' and Choi's City Council wins bring victory for RPA, Mayor Butt voices concern"
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1546:"Richmond Files Lawsuit Against Chevron For Alleged Negligence in 2012 Refinery Fire"
544:, and the use of eminent domain would be justified for the common good by preventing
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List of Democratic Socialists of America who have held office in the United States
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2007:
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17:
1976:
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Under McLaughlin's mayoralty, the "small, blue-collar city best known for its
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2035:"Former Richmond Mayor Gayle Mclaughlin Discusses Taking On The Oil Industry"
926:"Richmond Mayor concedes race – city largest in nation with Green leadership"
557:
459:
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has found her involved in many local struggles in support of both social and
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292:
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1807:"Richmond's 'Bernie Sanders of the East Bay' to run for lieutenant governor"
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health and educational organizations. She has lived in Richmond since 2001.
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1352:"California City Threatens to Use Eminent Domain to Stop Bank Foreclosures"
1021:
545:
486:
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16:
This article is about the American politician. For the astrophysicist, see
1604:"Chevron's "Company Town" Fights Back: An Interview with Gayle McLaughlin"
49:
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470:
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316:
2209:
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2061:
Refinery Town: Big Oil, Big Money, and the Remaking of an American City
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Refinery Town: Big Oil, Big Money, and the Remaking of an American City
354:
273:
814:
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956:"Results of 2010 midterm elections are mixed bag for Mayor Bloomberg"
758:
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of 2011 instead of a symbolic ship-launching portrayal at the former
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In 2006, McLaughlin decided to challenge Richmond's incumbent mayor
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as a means of fighting unemployment. She was a strong proponent of
423:
381:. She has also worked in the capacity of support staff for various
241:
237:
137:
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Rosie the Riveter/World War II Home Front National Historical Park
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Council again voted to back McLaughlin and proceed with the plan.
1635:"Richmond City Council Member Steps Down to Run For Lt. Governor"
906:
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312:
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A chronicle of the McLaughlin administration's rise and legacy,
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Members of the Democratic Socialists of America from California
327:
1182:"Richmond Mayor to skip Veterans Day events for Occupy rally"
335:
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carpenter and her mother was a factory worker and housewife.
269:
1693:"Anti-Chevron candidates sweep to victory in Richmond races"
481:
that was met by determined, well-funded resistance from the
1724:"Anti-Chevron candidates sweep to victory in Richmond race"
2080:
Winning Richmond: How a Progressive Alliance Won City Hall
1516:"Together a Century, City and Oil Giant Hit a Rough Patch"
903:"Anderson concedes defeat to challenger in race for mayor"
668:
Winning Richmond: How a Progressive Alliance Won City Hall
1321:
361:
and took graduate courses in psychology and education at
1312:"Calif. City Proposes Unique Plan To Avoid Foreclosures"
1149:"California Mayor Snubs Veterans to Attend Occupy Rally"
268:. She won two consecutive four-year terms as the city's
1416:"Richmond Mayor Says Lawsuit Won't Deter Loan Seizures"
618:
She and her fellow RPA candidates Eduardo Martinez and
326:
solidarity movement and a steering committee member of
315:. The middle child of five daughters, her father was a
291:
increase and a plan to forcibly appropriate foreclosed
322:
During the 1980s, McLaughlin was an activist with the
841:. Richmond Progressive Alliance. 2004. Archived from
1659:
991:"California City Savors Role in Fighting 'Big Soda'"
754:"Forceful mayor's drastic plan to stop foreclosures"
722:. City of Richmond, California. 2017. Archived from
644:
California lieutenant gubernatorial election of 2018
638:
In June 2017, McLaughlin declared her candidacy for
334:. She continues to work as a social activist in the
2153:
1570:
1133:. Mayors Against Illegal Guns. 2007. Archived from
633:
581:McLaughlin had a contentious relationship with the
397:(RPA), a non-partisan progressive group in western
1918:"Election 2018: Gayle McLaughlin for Lt. Governor"
353:McLaughlin earned a Bachelor of Science degree in
299:, and to refashion its environmental obligations.
1859:"The Green Party of California State Voter Guide"
2364:
1780:""Corporate Free" Richmond Candidates Moving Up"
1690:
1632:
1601:
1131:"Mayors Against Illegal Guns: Coalition Members"
388:
2032:
2004:"Book Review: Richmond's Example to the Nation"
1385:"A rescue for Richmond's underwater mortgages?"
519:
2448:Green Party of the United States officeholders
2001:
1721:
1230:. Tucson AZ. Associated Press. pp. A1, A4
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609:McLaughlin is not without critics such as the
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1573:"Richmond: The little town that beat Big Oil"
1509:
1507:
1267:"Mayor mounts long-shot fight against blight"
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982:
980:
863:
623:creating a RPA majority in the City Council.
272:in 2006 and 2010. After reaching the mayoral
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1482:"Eminent Domain: A Long Shot Against Blight"
1943:"Updated: June 5 Primary Election Results!"
1830:
1828:
1752:. Richmond Confidential. November 9, 2016.
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1258:
1256:
1224:"California city looks to seize home loans"
508:. McLaughlin stated she was a supporter of
496:McLaughlin was criticized for attending an
302:
256:(born 1952) is an American politician from
115:January 9, 2007 – January 13, 2015
2393:Richmond City Council members (California)
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2132:
2077:
1773:
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1504:
1060:"Bay area city to vote on $ 12.30 minimum"
977:
52:. Please do not remove this message until
2403:Activists from the San Francisco Bay Area
1920:. Peace and Freedom Party. Archived from
1653:
596:
158:January 13, 2015 – July 18, 2017
72:Learn how and when to remove this message
1834:
1825:
1571:Ostrander, Madeline (November 7, 2014).
1473:
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1413:
1310:Gonzales, Richard (September 12, 2013).
1309:
1300:
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1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
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630:in the California presidential primary.
449:
48:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2443:21st-century American women politicians
1861:. The Green Party of California State.
1768:
1595:
1461:from the original on September 23, 2017
1428:from the original on September 23, 2017
1349:
1273:. West Palm Beach, FL. New York Times.
1098:"Minimum wage campaign shifts strategy"
685:2014 Richmond, California city election
680:2006 Richmond, California city election
169:January 2005 – January 9, 2007
2365:
1703:from the original on February 25, 2017
1614:from the original on December 20, 2016
1513:
1447:DePillis, Lydia (September 11, 2013).
1350:Goodman, Amy (host) (August 6, 2013).
1328:from the original on January 2, 2019.
1028:. Los Angeles, CA. pp. A1, A12–13
1019:
989:Onishi, Norimitsu (November 4, 2012).
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936:from the original on February 11, 2017
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880:from the original on November 16, 2016
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1730:from the original on October 22, 2016
1691:Baires, Jennifer (November 4, 2014).
1672:from the original on October 11, 2016
1602:Winship, Michael (October 30, 2014).
1514:Onishi, Norimitsu (January 2, 2013).
1479:
1395:from the original on January 11, 2019
1264:
1221:
1208:
1095:
1057:
833:
831:
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491:Mayors Against Illegal Guns Coalition
440:Service Employees International Union
264:in 2004 when she was a member of the
2408:Women mayors of places in California
2160:National Register of Historic Places
2045:from the original on April 18, 2018.
1660:Bornstein, Dan" (October 10, 2016).
1382:
1376:
1277:from the original on January 1, 2019
1070:from the original on January 1, 2019
924:Hall, Carl. T. (November 22, 2006).
766:from the original on August 26, 2017
752:Schmit, Julie (September 29, 2013).
445:
22:
2453:Bridgewater State University alumni
2014:from the original on March 14, 2017
2002:Helvarg, David (January 26, 2017).
1983:from the original on March 14, 2017
1756:from the original on March 28, 2017
1722:Joffee, Karina (October 21, 2016).
1583:from the original on March 14, 2017
1552:from the original on March 13, 2017
1526:from the original on March 13, 2017
1492:from the original on April 12, 2018
1364:from the original on April 29, 2017
1001:from the original on March 12, 2017
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701:
13:
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1847:from the original on May 25, 2018.
1641:from the original on June 30, 2017
1633:Edevane, Gillian (June 29, 2017).
1480:Dewan, Shaila (January 11, 2014).
1265:Dewan, Shaila (January 26, 2014).
1180:Dreier, Hannah (9 November 2011).
1022:"Where the workers are the owners"
828:
14:
2464:
2438:21st-century American politicians
2251:Richmond–San Rafael Ferry Company
2172:Ford Motor Company Assembly Plant
2097:
2033:Lettieri, Scott (April 3, 2018).
1953:from the original on July 4, 2018
1898:from the original on May 25, 2018
1813:from the original on June 8, 2017
1786:from the original on June 1, 2017
1414:Timiraos, Nick (August 9, 2013).
1020:Romney, Lee (November 28, 2011).
866:"Asleep at the wheel in Richmond"
793:californiaprogressivealliance.org
278:lieutenant governor of California
2428:American women environmentalists
2192:Point Richmond Historic District
1292:
1245:
1196:from the original on May 4, 2016
1161:from the original on 14 May 2013
1115:
1081:
1058:Lopes, Ricardo (April 1, 2014).
1043:
634:Campaign for lieutenant governor
27:
2236:East Shore and Suburban Railway
2154:History of Richmond, California
2026:
1995:
1965:
1935:
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1865:from the original on 2018-05-25
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1383:Said, Carolyn (June 15, 2013).
1343:
1222:Elias, Paul (August 26, 2013).
1173:
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1096:Lopes, Ricardo (May 27, 2014).
1089:
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966:from the original on 2013-06-02
864:Johnson, Chip (July 12, 2004).
393:McLaughlin is a founder of the
260:. She was first elected to the
2398:Mayors of Richmond, California
2182:Kaiser Richmond Field Hospital
2167:East Brother Island Lighthouse
1973:"Refinery Town by Steve Early"
1835:Garofoli, Joe (May 16, 2018).
948:
799:
778:
1:
1805:Lochner, Tom (June 7, 2017).
1778:Early, Steve (May 23, 2017).
695:
514:Iraq Veterans Against the War
483:American Beverage Association
401:, composed of members of the
395:Richmond Progressive Alliance
389:Richmond Progressive Alliance
103:Mayor of Richmond, California
2418:American democracy activists
2063:. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
1668:. Digital First Media, Inc.
1610:. Public Square Media, Inc.
520:Eminent domain against banks
359:Bridgewater State University
223:Bridgewater State University
7:
2413:American anti-war activists
1112:– via Newspapers.com.
1078:– via Newspapers.com.
932:. San Francisco Chronicle.
673:
604:2014 city council elections
438:shoreline and supports the
307:McLaughlin was born into a
186:1952 (age 71–72)
54:conditions to do so are met
10:
2469:
2423:American environmentalists
2078:McLaughlin, Gayle (2018).
576:
422:In Richmond, McLaughlin's
15:
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2159:
2113:Interview with McLaughlin
1892:Independent Voter Network
372:
266:Green Party of California
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2388:Politicians from Chicago
807:"About Mayor McLaughlin"
786:"About Gayle McLaughlin"
657:
303:Early life and education
1841:San Francisco Chronicle
1548:. NBC. August 2, 2013.
1421:The Wall Street Journal
1389:San Francisco Chronicle
874:San Francisco Chronicle
839:"2004 Election Results"
652:Peace and Freedom Party
477:, a proposed municipal
416:San Francisco Chronicle
411:Peace and Freedom Party
913:on September 27, 2007.
909:. 2006. Archived from
597:Return to City Council
455:
2229:Other historic places
2059:Early, Steve (2017).
1102:The Los Angeles Times
1064:The Los Angeles Times
1026:The Los Angeles Times
453:
428:environmental justice
379:learning disabilities
367:UC Berkeley Extension
262:Richmond City Council
146:Richmond City Council
2347:Mary Yamashiro Otani
1979:. January 17, 2017.
726:on February 19, 2017
587:refinery in Richmond
526:U.S. mortgage crisis
363:Rhode Island College
258:Richmond, California
2187:New Hotel Carquinez
1454:The Washington Post
1271:The Palm Beach Post
1066:. Los Angeles, CA.
960:New York Daily News
640:lieutenant governor
583:Chevron Corporation
454:Campaign sign, 2006
399:Contra Costa County
297:Chevron Corporation
41:of this article is
2197:Richmond Shipyards
2082:. Hardball Press.
1809:. East Bay Times.
1726:. East Bay Times.
1577:Al Jazeera America
1520:The New York Times
1486:The New York Times
1228:Arizona Daily Star
995:The New York Times
811:www.mayorgayle.net
716:"Gayle McLaughlin"
510:Veterans for Peace
506:Richmond Shipyards
456:
430:. She opposed the
2383:California Greens
2360:
2359:
2337:Betty Reid Soskin
2327:George Livingston
2261:Stege, California
1137:on March 6, 2007.
1104:. Los Angeles, CA
720:Ci.Richmond.Ca.us
531:fair market value
446:Mayor of Richmond
251:
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189:Chicago, Illinois
82:
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74:
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2307:Lucretia Edwards
2241:Rancho San Pablo
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2106:Official website
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1949:. June 6, 2018.
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495:
487:minimum wage
471:cooperatives
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344:civil rights
332:Rainbow/PUSH
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214:(until 2016)
208:affiliations
164:
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133:Succeeded by
110:
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2373:1952 births
2332:Andres Soto
1676:October 10,
1662:"Editorial"
554:Wells Fargo
432:Patriot Act
403:Green Party
350:movements.
212:Green Party
200:Independent
121:Preceded by
2367:Categories
2210:The Plunge
2118:The Nation
2115:(2013) in
2039:KCBS Radio
1928:2018-05-24
1869:2018-05-24
1330:Transcript
1281:January 1,
1074:January 1,
970:2013-03-27
821:2012-10-09
696:References
650:, and the
409:, and the
355:psychology
311:family in
274:term limit
234:Profession
62:March 2020
39:neutrality
2352:Nat Bates
2322:T. Y. Lin
2282:Nat Bates
2220:Winehaven
2177:Hotel Mac
2018:March 13,
1987:March 13,
1760:April 19,
1734:April 19,
1707:April 19,
1618:March 10,
1587:March 13,
1556:March 12,
1530:March 12,
1496:March 12,
1234:March 11,
1200:March 10,
1108:March 10,
1032:April 11,
1005:March 10,
940:March 13,
884:March 13,
849:March 10,
759:USA Today
730:March 10,
475:Measure N
219:Education
165:In office
154:In office
111:In office
50:talk page
2317:Tom Butt
2043:Archived
2012:Archived
1981:Archived
1951:Archived
1896:Archived
1863:Archived
1845:Archived
1817:June 16,
1811:Archived
1784:Archived
1754:Archived
1728:Archived
1701:Archived
1670:Archived
1639:Archived
1612:Archived
1581:Archived
1550:Archived
1524:Archived
1490:Archived
1459:Archived
1426:Archived
1393:Archived
1362:Archived
1335:April 5,
1326:Archived
1275:Archived
1194:Archived
1159:Archived
1068:Archived
999:Archived
964:Archived
934:Archived
878:Archived
764:Archived
674:See also
479:soda tax
424:activism
242:activist
238:Educator
138:Tom Butt
43:disputed
1957:July 4,
1902:May 24,
1790:June 1,
1645:July 8,
907:KESQ-TV
642:in the
577:Chevron
570:Seattle
467:Chevron
313:Chicago
280:in the
2215:Wapama
2086:
2067:
1888:Ivn.us
1465:May 3,
1432:May 3,
1399:May 3,
1368:May 3,
1165:16 May
930:SFGate
870:SFGate
770:May 3,
568:, and
562:Newark
373:Career
346:, and
328:CISPES
191:, U.S.
789:(PDF)
658:Books
357:from
336:peace
317:union
270:mayor
2084:ISBN
2065:ISBN
2020:2017
1989:2017
1959:2018
1904:2018
1819:2017
1792:2017
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1678:2016
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1434:2017
1401:2017
1370:2017
1337:2018
1283:2019
1236:2017
1202:2017
1167:2013
1110:2017
1076:2019
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1007:2017
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851:2017
772:2017
732:2017
556:and
524:The
512:and
365:and
240:and
183:Born
101:5th
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1322:NPR
500:on
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