Gay bathhouse - Knowledge

1478: 128: 366: 1785: 478: 1160:: the Club Baths, the Romans II Health and Recreation Spa, the Richmond Street Health Emporium, and The Barracks. The Richmond Health Emporium was so badly damaged in the raid that it never reopened. Nicknamed Operation Soap, the raid resulted in the arrests of 268 men. There was an immediate and angry response from both the gay and lesbian community and over 3,000 people gathered in protest. A second demonstration which took place on February 20, included over 4,000 people who gathered at Queen's Park and marched to Metro Toronto Police's 52 Division. 831: 409: 149: 34: 985: 1771: 20: 660: 388:: The steambaths that had been well known to me were those of East Ham, Greenwich and Bermondsey. In the first two it was frequently possible to indulge in what the Spartacus Guide coyly describes as 'action', but behaviour at all times had to be reasonably cautious. In the Grange Road baths in Bermondsey, however, all restraint could immediately be discarded with the small towels provided to cover your nakedness." 1494: 330:

saw there. The baths also encouraged more advanced forms of sexual experimentation. Griffes himself had had his first encounter with a man interested in sadomasochism at the Lafayette two years earlier (he found the man "interesting" but the experience unappealing), and several men interviewed in the mid-1930s referred to experimenting in the baths and learning of new pleasures.

285:(nicknamed "the Everhard") was converted from a church to a bathhouse in 1888 and was patronized by gay men before the 1920s and by the 1930s had a reputation as the "classiest, safest, and best known of the baths". It was damaged by fire on May 25, 1977, when nine men died and several others were seriously injured. The Everard closed in 1986. Also popular in the 1910s were the 2624:'I hate groups of drunk blokes who behave like arseholes towards women. I don't know what's worse, being attractive to them or not. The former, I suspect; not a problem for me.' Jo Brand, comedian ... 'How about that gay sauna in east London? I've gotten scabies there, THREE TIMES! And no, before you ask, it wasn't worth it.' Scott Capurro, comedian. 224:(the city's leading criminal court) issued several decrees associated with sodomy, and on April 11, 1492, it warned the managers of bathhouses to keep out "suspect boys" on penalty of a fine. In the short period from April 1492 to February 1494, it convicted 44 men for homosexual relations not involving violence or aggravating circumstances. 566:, gay saunas became free to operate without the risk of being raided by police. Also, police attitudes meant that they were more willing to turn a blind eye because they preferred such activity to take place in a contained environment rather than outdoors even though users were still committing the homosexual sexual offence of 2480:'There was also', he said, an 'element of corruption'. 'Anyone who came off the street merely to take a sauna ... would be able to see what was going on and be invited to take part. The possibilities are quite devastating and the sentence must demonstrate society's shock and horror at what was going on.' 1055:

In some countries, bathhouses are prohibited from selling alcohol. (In Canada, where some bathhouses serve alcohol, a bathhouse holding a liquor license may be required to submit to liquor inspections, which activists claim are often a pretext for regulating gay sexual activity.) Many bathhouses deny

955:

I normally find people with groping don't go away. You really have to as they grope your crotch area grab their hand and push it away and there have been times when I've had to do that three, two or three or four times before they actually get the message. There's also been times when I actually just

329:

When a friend with "little experience but great desire" confided his homosexual longings to Charles Griffes in 1916, Griffes took him to the Lafayette so that he could meet other gay men and explore his sexual interests in a supportive environment: the friend was "astounded and fascinated" by what he

1426:

Eventually, the few remaining actual bathhouses in San Francisco gave in to either economic pressures or the continuing legal pressures of the city and finally closed. Several sex clubs, which were not officially bathhouses, continued to operate indefinitely and operate to this day, though following

1422:

that limited sexual practices and disallowed renting of private rooms in bathhouses, so that sexual activity could be monitored, as a public health measure. Some of the bathhouses tried to live within the strict rules of this court order, but many of them felt they could not easily do business under

950:

In this highly sexualized environment a look or nod is frequently enough to express interest. In darkened areas of the establishment including the mazes, video rooms, group sex areas, and the saunas or hot tubs (but not generally in the showers, toilets, hallways, gyms, café areas, and lounges), men

930:

In the past, the baths served as community spaces for gay men. Even now, some men choose to go to the baths with their friends (even though they may not necessarily have sex with each other). While many men talk to each other at the baths, even forming long-lasting friendships or relationships, many

1193:

police raided Goliath's resulting in charges against 19 men. Fifteen men were arrested in the raid. Thirteen customers were charged as "found-ins" (found in a common bawdy house without a legal excuse) and two staff members were charged with the more serious offense of keeping a common bawdy house.

631:

In many bathhouses the customer has a choice between renting a room or a locker, often for fixed periods of up to 12 hours. A room typically consists of a locker and a single bed (though doubles are sometimes available) with a thin vinyl mat supported on a simple wooden box or frame, an arrangement

353:

at 92 Jermyn Street became a favorite spot (opening in 1910 and remaining open until September 1975). The journalist A.J. Langguth wrote: "... represented a twilight arena for elderly men who came to sweat poisons from their systems and youths who came to strike beguiling poses in Turkish towels...

1168:

In 2000, Toronto police raided a women's night at a bathhouse called Club Toronto. Police, almost all of them male, entered the establishment and walked around, taking the names and addresses of some 10 women and "aggressively questioned" volunteers. A Pussy Palace organizer stated "[m]any

746:

On being buzzed in, the customer receives a towel (to wear, around the waist) and the key for his room or locker. The customer undresses, storing his clothing in the locker provided or room, and is then free to wander throughout the bathhouse which typically includes the amenities of a traditional

434:

In the late 1960s and 1970s, gay bathhouses—now primarily gay-owned and operated—became fully licensed gay establishments which soon became major gay institutions. These bathhouses served as informal gay meeting places, places where friends could meet, relax and have sex. Gay bathhouses frequently

1038:

Some anti-bathhouse activists argue that these measures are not enough, given that it is virtually impossible to monitor sexual activity in a bathhouse. However, while they acknowledge that closing gay bathhouses may force some men into unsafe or illegal situations in public parks and lavatories,

810:

Most men, beyond footwear, typically just wear the towel provided. According to bathhouse etiquette, it is perfectly acceptable, even friendly, to put one's hand under someone else's towel to feel his penis, which, if well received, is the first step in sexual intimacy. Some bathhouses permit and

784:

Bathhouses are usually dimly lit and play music, although an outdoors, enclosed rooftop or pool area is not uncommon. They are often laid out in a manner that allows or encourages customers to wander throughout the establishment; a space laid out in this way is often referred to as a "maze". Some

600:

Many bathhouses are open twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. There is typically a single customer entrance and exit. After paying at the main entrance, the customer is buzzed through the main door. This system allows establishments to screen potential troublemakers; many bathhouses refuse

165:

Gay saunas have become important safe locations for men to meet and explore their sexuality, according to the LGBTQ+ community. These establishments first appeared in large European cities in the early 20th century, providing undercover and remote settings for same-sex interactions at a time when

2590:

Have you noticed that besides the deluxe safe-sex kits, every sauna we've visited has an on-site clinic for counseling and disease testing? Hopefully, they'll survive the current wave of attacks. The real survivor is the KLYT, having stayed open for almost an entire century as the Palace Turkish

841:

Some bathhouses require customers to purchase yearly memberships and many offer special entry rates to members, students, military, or other groups. In some countries, bathhouses can restrict entrance to men of certain age ranges (apart from the general requirement of being an adult) or physical

770:

Visiting a downtown gay bath was in many ways like revisiting a high-school gym – everyone wearing the same towel, in the same color, on the same part of the body. There was no status consciousness in the social-stratification sense; the towel or loincloth created a sort of equal-status social

672:

These guys will actually call me at home or send me e-mails and we will make a date and we will meet at the baths purely because the sling is there and it's easier and we go for a beer afterwards. I use the bathhouse more as an ancient Greek, Roman social centre and also a fucking centre and a

1213:

In November 2004, the Crown stayed the found-in charge against the last remaining patron, saying it was no longer in the public interest to pursue the case. The case against the owners and managers of Goliath's, however, was expected to come to trial in February 2005. Terry Haldane, the only

970:

Some establishments allow or encourage sex in specific group sex areas. In some jurisdictions such activity is prohibited, and sex must be confined to private rooms. Some forbid sex in pools for hygiene reasons. In the United Kingdom, the requirement is often set by the local authority's

3274:

stated: "What happened at Club Toronto last Friday night is that these women were raped; not physically, but morally, emotionally and spiritually. They had established a haven – a safe, private space to explore their sexuality (which is still held in contempt by most of

182:, gay men have been using bathhouses for sex since at least the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a time when homosexual acts were illegal in most Western countries and men who were caught engaging in homosexual acts were often arrested and publicly humiliated. Men began frequenting 1443:

In March 2008, a series of police raids in gay bathhouses and at gay meeting spots in Beijing have resulted in arrests and bathhouse closures. This included raids on two branches of the Oasis bathhouses, known to be the most popular in Beijing. In 2000, police arrested 37 men in a

857:

encouraged group sex, while glory holes recreated (public) toilets, and mazes took the place of bushes and undergrowth (in public parks). Steam rooms and gyms were reminiscent of the cruisy YMCAs, while video rooms recreated the balconies and back rows of movie theaters. A popular

1042:

Others counter these claims by pointing out that bathhouses are a major source of safer sex information, providing pamphlets and posting safer sex posters prominently (often on the walls of each room as well as in the common areas). In cities with larger gay populations, STD and

1011:, in which all sexual activity takes place in the open, and can be observed by monitors whose job it is to enforce safe-sex practices. However, proponents of bathhouses point out that closing these facilities does not prevent people from engaging in unsafe sex. 635:

Some bathhouses have areas designed to facilitate impersonal sex. These areas – rooms or hallways – are illuminated only by a (dim) red exit sign. It is possible to have sex, but not to see with whom. Other bathhouses, such as the

115:, customers pay only for the use of the facilities. Sexual activity, if it occurs, is not provided by staff of the establishment, but is between customers with no money exchanged. Many gay bathhouses, for legal reasons, explicitly prohibit and/or discourage 325:. His biography states: "So great was his need to be with boys, that though his home contained two pianos, he chose to practice at an instrument at the Y, and his favourite time was when the players were coming and going from their games." 1035:(and/or have them available for purchase). In New Zealand and Australia, the New Zealand AIDS Foundation and constituent members of the Australian Federation of AIDS Organizations provide safe sex information for sex on site venue users. 427:, these bathhouses were "oases of homosexual camaraderie" and were, as they remain today, "places where it was safe to be gay", whether or not patrons themselves identified as homosexual. The gay baths offered a much safer alternative to 797:

of Washington, D.C., would have two or more bunk beds placed near each other, in a public area, thus providing a place to have sex for those who can afford only to rent a locker, and also maximizing the chances of being watched, for the

190:), and gym changing rooms where they could meet other men for sex. Some bathhouse owners tried to prevent sex among patrons while others, mindful of profits or prepared to risk prosecution, overlooked discreet homosexual activity. 4036: 1214:"found-in" patron who was actively fighting the charge against him, accused the Crown of dropping the charge because Haldane and his lawyers had given notice of their plan to challenge the bawdy house law all the way to 313:

is likely to have been inspired by it. The Penn Post Baths in a hotel basement (the Penn Post Hotel, 304 West 31st Street) was a popular gay location in the 1920s despite a seedy condition and the lack of private rooms.

1660:

and provided "attendants", who might provide sexual services for a fee. In his diary, Kuzmin writes of one bathhouse visit: "the evening I had the urge to go to a bathhouse simply to be stylish, for the fun of it, for

1100:

All interviewees were asked whether or not they used condoms, and all with the exception of Fabian, said they used them when having penetrative sex with clients. For fellatio, sometimes they used condoms and sometimes

1199:

On May 27, 2004, a judge ruled that the police had reasonable justification to raid Goliath's. Defense lawyers countered that none of the anonymous information the police acted upon – for example that

915:

Customers who have rooms may leave their room doors open to signal that they are available for sex. An open door can also be an invitation for others to watch or join in sexual activity that is already occurring.

686:

Bathhouses are not always identifiable as such from the outside. Some bathhouses are clearly marked and well lit, others have no marking other than a street address on the door. Bathhouses sometimes display the

1223:

In February 2005, all remaining charges in the case were dropped. The court cited a lack of community support and evidence (from a poll) that the community supported the existence of gay bathhouses by a small

1076:) by their patrons. The use of drugs and alcohol may make people more likely to engage in unsafe sex. Sex clubs with no private areas may find it easier to regulate the consumption of drugs on their premises. 1014:

Neither the claim that bathhouses are responsible for the spread of sexually transmitted diseases, nor the claim that they are not, has been conclusively proven. However, it is known that STDs are spread via

802:

so inclined. Rooms are usually grouped together, as are lockers. Bathhouses are frequently decorated with posters of nude or semi-nude men, and sometimes explicit depictions of sex. It is not uncommon to see

935:

But I've been to a sauna recently in New Zealand, where everyone just chatted away, which I found very strange. Um, but you know, that's because I guess it was a smaller city and people generally knew each

1567:. It is not known if Cunanan visited the bathhouse during his murder spree or at some other time. Other receipts indicated he had visited New York in early May 1997 between the murder of Chicago developer 1371:", passed in January 1976, made gay bathhouses and the sex that took place within them legal for the first time. During the 1970s, the two most popular gay bathhouses in San Francisco, both located in the 1083:

is also known to lead to riskier sexual behavior, but since gay crystal meth users tend to seek out other users to engage in sexual activity, they often prefer to make such arrangements via the internet.

655:

Some men use the baths as a cheaper alternative to hotels, despite the limitations of being potentially crowded public venues with only rudimentary rooms and limited or non-existent pass out privileges.

1871:

Prior, Jason (2007). "Baths, Public: III. West, Middle Ages–Present". In Malti‑Douglas, Fedwa; Choksy, Jamsheed K.; Roof, Judith; Sautman, Francesca Canadé; Jones, Sumie; Zhou, Liana (eds.).

369:

A still from 'Where there's life there's soap', a 1933 film about cleanliness aimed at younger audiences, made by Bermondsey Council describing their Victorian-style Turkish baths opened in 1927.

92:

Bathhouses vary considerably in size and amenities—from small establishments with 10 or 20 rooms and a handful of lockers to multi-story saunas with a variety of room styles or sizes and several

608:

Sexual encounters at bathhouses are frequently, but not always, anonymous. Some feel that the anonymity adds to the erotic excitement: that is what, for these patrons, one goes to the bathhouse

2618:

Nina Caplan (February 13, 2008). "The hate issue – London's Least Wanted; We asked you to tell us which Londoners or London institutions drove you round the twist and you replied with gusto".

1204:

were being staged and drugs sold on the premises – featured in the charges made against the seventeen men. They also pointed out that the police failed to call in the force's

2603:

Alison O'Connor (November 14, 1994). "Priest's body lay undetected for over two hours on floor of gay club, Medical student tried to revive curate who is thought to have had heart attack".

1746:

is well known for getting her start at the famous Continental Baths in New York City in the early 1970s, where she earned the nickname Bathhouse Betty. It was there, accompanied by pianist

912:

Customers typically divide their time between the showers, saunas, and hot tub area and the main areas of the establishment. Customers who have rented rooms have free access to their room.

4636: 1531: 590:

Gay bathhouses today continue to fill a similar function as they did historically. The community aspect has lessened in some territories, particularly where gay men increasingly tend to

1949:

The Flex club opens in August. It's legal. No money is exchanged for sex. It's adults only. My copy of the U.S. Constitution still guarantees a right to privacy and freedom of assembly.

1750:(who, like the bathhouse patrons, sometimes wore only a white towel), that she created her stage persona "the Divine Miss M". On getting her start in bathhouses, Midler has remarked: 919:

When a room is occupied only by a single person, some men will position themselves to suggest what they might like from someone joining them in the room: those who would like to be

1534:. Gay saunas were re-legalised on the 1 July 2004 due to a revision of law. The first gay sauna to be opened since the law was repealed was Klubb Vegas in Stockholm in April 2005. 583: 708: 2394: 1108:

For him (Fabian), it was all the same whether he used a condom or not. He also talked about the drugs he had taken, pure alcohol, crack cocaine, and 'sometimes I inject, maybe 15

597:

Some men still use bathhouses as a convenient, safe place to meet other men for sex. In areas where homosexuality is more accepted, safety may no longer be a primary attraction.

4657:

Citing violations of a state health code that bars oral, anal, and vaginal sex in businesses, the city on November 15 closed El Mirage, a sex club that has operated at 253 East

644:

in Washington, D.C., have two or more bunkbeds in close proximity, in a public area. This provides a place to have sex for those who could afford only a locker, and facilitated

632:

that facilitates easy cleaning between patrons. In many bathhouses (particularly those outside the United States), some or all of the rooms are freely available to all patrons.

605:, as well as known prostitutes. In some areas, particularly where homosexuality is illegal, considered immoral, or viewed with hostility, this is a necessary safety precaution. 4446:

Haubrich, D J; Myers, T; Calzavara, L; Ryder, K; Medved, W (2004), "Gay and bisexual men's experiences of bathhouse culture and sex: looking for love in all the wrong places",

2591:

Baths... Nowadays, the KLYT is sexual in the day and at night they rent all the rooms (which are really just cubicles) to the homeless, which at $ 11 is cheaper than a hotel.

951:

are usually free to touch other patrons; it is expected, and often welcomed. A shake of the head, or pushing away the other's hand, means that the attention is not welcomed.

1240:, the city's building and licensing department, the fire department, and the alcohol and gaming commission. Two men were arrested and charged with committing indecent acts. 3188: 3390: 1194:

The customers faced up to two years in prison. In addition, the owners of the bathhouse and a third staff member were later charged with keeping a common bawdy house.

4528: 811:

others not only permit but encourage total nudity. In some bathhouses nudity is forbidden in the common areas of the establishments. Some men may wear underwear or

807:

playing on wall-mounted televisions throughout the bathhouse. The same movies may be shown on smaller screens in the individual rooms, sometimes for an extra fee.

1019:, and as part of their membership agreement, or as a condition of entry, some bathhouses now require customers to affirm in writing that they will only practice 3731:

Plimpton, George (1997), Truman Capote: in which various friends, enemies, acquaintances, and detractors recall his turbulent career, Nan A. Talese/Doubleday,

793:—have as their only illumination a (dim) red "Exit" sign, so one can have sex but one cannot see with whom. Other clubs, such as the Continental Baths or the 3830:, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994,p. 401: Holleran recalls, "I spent those years going to Fire Island as often as I could, visiting the Eagle's Nest, the 527:, as they are more commonly known in Australia and New Zealand, were present in most large cities in those countries by the late 1980s. As homosexuality was 2139: 1427:

strict rules under court order and city regulations. Bathhouses themselves, however, operate just outside the city, thus outside of their laws, such as in

1039:

they point out that they may be less likely to engage in anal or multi-partner sex, both of which put participants at greater risk for contracting STDs.

2934:"Both Sides Now: The South Bay's only gay bathhouse profits while promoting protected sex. Bathhouse opponents wonder if casual sex can really be safe" 1466:) since homosexuality had been legalized in 1969 (and later). The oldest ones are the Hotel Deutsche Eiche (German Oak) in Munich, the Vulcan-Sauna in 815:, but it is unusual for customers to remain fully or even partially dressed in street clothes. Bare feet are frequent, though some men prefer to wear 1929: 1332:

ordinance, and allowing the heterosexual clubs to remain open while closing the gay establishments would have been a violation of that ordinance.

4644: 3635:

John Pomfret (January 24, 2000). "Among Chinese, a Low-Key Gay Liberation; Openness Replacing Ostracism as Homosexuality Gains Some Acceptance".

849:

In the 1970s bathhouses began to install "fantasy environments" which simulated erotic situations that would be illegal or dangerous in reality:

751:. In contrast with traditional bathhouses for bathing, the common areas of a modern gay bathhouse resemble a gym's locker room or a small lobby. 508:; No. 253; King Steam; Silhouette American Health Centre; Colt 107 Recreation Centre; Barefoot Boy; and Roman Bath (nicknamed "Roman Ruins"). In 554:

in a sauna normally needing the expense of undercover officers), a reduced likelihood of successful prosecution, concerns of being perceived as

1418:, and against the opposition of other gay activists, to ask the courts to close gay bathhouses in the city. Judge Roy Wonder instead issued a 520:'s Pulteney 431 is one of the oldest gay saunas in Australia still in operation, having opened its doors to Adelaide's gay community in 1977. 2278:

Aspinall, Anthony (May 1991). "Celebration! Anthony Aspinall offers his recollections of some of London's steambaths of half-a-century ago".

923:("bottoms") will sometimes lie face down on the bed with the door open, while those who prefer to penetrate others ("tops") or to receive 1530:. The aim was to stop the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. The law was criticised by noted gay rights organisation 354:

although they were closely overseen by attendants, they provided a discreet place to inspect a young man before offering a cup of tea at

2917:

At the St. Marks Baths, for the price of a locker or a room, patrons now get a free condom, enclosed in a package that bears the legend

272:. 26 men were arrested, and 12 brought to trial on sodomy charges; seven men received sentences ranging from four to 20 years in prison. 4274:

Murray, Stephen O. (1996), "Chapter 4: The Promiscuity Paradigm, AIDS, and Gay Complicity with the Remedicalization of Homosexuality",

3282: 1372: 691:, which is commonly flown by businesses to identify themselves as gay-run or gay-friendly. Bathhouses commonly advertise widely in the 866:

provided a full-size model of an Everlast truck where visitors could have sex in the cab or in the rear, which served as an orgy room

2052: 3055: 3025: 2829: 2773: 258:. Six men aged 14 to 22 were prosecuted for an "offence against public decency" and the manager and two employees for "facilitating 3806:

Jack Fritscher, "The Mineshaft", introduction, written 2002, to reprint of article first published in Drummer, 19, December 1977,

2747: 2232:[Rock Hudson] nursed many a hangover in the Hollywood bathhouses. He chose Craig and me to be his confidants when he had 1174: 546:

resulted in the establishment's owner getting a six-month jail sentence and a £5,000 fine, and the Brooklyn House Hotel sauna in

4671: 1818: 1007:

In some countries, fears about the spread of STDs have prompted the closing of bathhouses—with their private rooms—in favor of

3192: 4719: 4349: 3736: 3398: 3215: 1880: 2516: 695:

and sometimes advertise in mainstream newspapers and other media. In 2003 Australia began airing possibly the world's first

3810: 3452: 3421: 2804:; Richard Sine; Metro: Silicon Valley's Weekly Newspaper; August 29 – September 4, 1996, issue. Retrieved 4 July 2008. 1477: 532: 4546: 3356: 3238: 2723: 2542: 542:, gay saunas were routinely raided by police up until the end of the 1980s; for example, raids in May 1988 on Brownies in 504:. From 1972 through 1977 the following gay steam baths opened: Ken's Karate Klub (nicknamed "KKK"), later called Ken's at 3325: 3159:

Department of Public Health report that meth use among men who have sex with men has decreased over the past three years.

4153: 2697:

Bedfellows, Dangerous; Colter, Ephen Glenn; Hoffman, Wayne; Pendleton, Eva; Redick, Alison; Serlin, David, eds. (1996).

3749: 3504: 1672: 1625:(born 1943) has written both essays and fiction about his experiences at the baths. The fatal May 25, 1977 fire at the 4557:

The Social Construction of Sexual Practice: Setting Sexual Culture and the Body in Casual Sex Between Men (PhD Thesis)

4409: 4369: 4307: 4256: 4188: 4104: 4018: 3998: 3978: 3623:

are reported to have raided a gay health spa in the city of Guangzhou and arrested 37 men on charges of prostitution.

2566: 2452:'The draconian sentence (six months jail and a £5,000 fine) on the owner and manager of Brownies sauna for keeping a 2343: 2188: 1572: 762:. Some establishments require a piece of identification or an item of value to be left with the front desk on entry. 268:

In the United States on February 21, 1903, New York police conducted the first recorded raid on a gay bathhouse, the

2901: 1523:), by amending the country's public health law, the Infections Protection Act under the law known informally as the 823:, sometimes provided by the establishment, for foot protection. The room or locker key is usually suspended from an 652:

for those so inclined. Baths often have a (porn) TV room or snack bar where patrons can recuperate between orgasms.

127: 107:

In many countries, bathhouses are "membership only" (for legal reasons); though membership is generally open to any

3702: 463: 2973: 781:

Bathhouses are often designed with imagery and/or music to create surroundings that are arousing to the visitors.

535:

during the 1970s and 1980s, there was no criminal conduct occurring on the premises of such "sex on site venues".

3807: 1758:, and I hope I did my part to help it move forward. So, I kind of wear the label of 'Bathhouse Betty' with pride. 1411: 1321: 175: 4624: 3000: 2265: 253: 4520: 4427: 4389: 4327: 4287: 4267: 4228: 4208: 4163: 4143: 4122: 4083: 4063: 4045: 3791: 3660: 3095: 2708: 2681: 2225: 528: 413: 1754:

Despite the way things turned out , I'm still proud of those days . I feel like I was at the forefront of the

1639:

recalls, "I used to see him years ago at the gay baths. But he wouldn't be having sex; he would just observe."

4074: 3901: 2734: 2013: 1096:

to find customers by offering massage services, the "complete service" is often used as a euphemism for sex.

1056:

entry to those who are visibly intoxicated but do not—or cannot—regulate the consumption of drugs (typically

1563:'s membership card to the West Side Club NYC was recovered in Miami Beach close to where he killed designer 785:

bathhouses have a space where random, anonymous sex is all that can occur. These spaces—rooms, hallways, or

4504: 1962: 997: 863: 834: 440: 186:

areas such as bathhouses, public parks, alleys, train and bus stations, adult theaters, public lavatories (

4530:

Sydney Gay Saunas 1967–2000, Fight for civic acceptance and experiences beyond the threshold (PhD Thesis)

1913: 1808: 688: 612:. Bathhouse encounters sometimes lead to relationships, but usually do not. Bathhouses are still used by 505: 4572:

Richters, Juliet (2007). "Through a Hole in a Wall: Setting and Integration in Sex-on-Premises Venues".

4133: 81:

Bathhouses offering similar services for women are rare, but some men's bathhouses occasionally have a "

3649: 365: 3927: 3677: 3087:

Mobilizing Against AIDS: The Authoritative Edition from the Institute of Medicine; Academy of Sciences

2933: 2801: 1368: 790: 673:

fisting centre as well, and there's a lounge where I can sit and relax with a coffee and a cigarette.

613: 3120:"Special report: West Side story: a tale of unprotected sex which could be link to new HIV superbug" 718:

In many countries, being identified in such a sauna was still viewed by the press as scandalous. In

157: 2412: 1487: 1471: 1352: 1170: 571: 3357:"Fishing in a bathhouse: Goliath's Bathhouse / Calgary Crown says jerking off at tubs is indecent" 3189:"Harnessed anger: Living History / The sound of smashing bathhouse doors in 1981 is still with us" 4800: 2584:

Ron Athey; Vaginal Davis (October 8, 2004). "Best Places To Get Serviced With Zeal And Abandon".

1849: 1215: 700: 483: 467: 350: 310: 3391:"Crown stays remaining Goliath's charges, After survey shows Calgarians tolerate gay bathhouses" 3290: 455:

was a regular at New York City baths in the 1970s, in particular the sauna at West 58th Street.

170:

was strongly stigmatized and illegal. A tradition of public baths dates back to the 6th century

4773: 3882:

John Patterson (December 6, 2008). "If I'm Killed, Let That Bullet Destroy Every Closet Door".

1790: 1403:

in a public place", but the District Attorney's office soon dropped the charges against them.

471: 423:

In the 1950s, exclusively gay bathhouses began to open in the United States. Though subject to

269: 104:. Most have a steam room (or wet sauna), dry sauna, showers, lockers, and small private rooms. 3767:

Powell, Vicky (June 1998). "Suicide note increases speculation over death of Justin Fashanu".

3138: 1324:

ordered that the city's gay bathhouses be closed. As a result, heterosexual sex clubs such as

4815: 4437: 4337: 1689:(1938–1993) was known to frequent the baths in New York. He did not get past the door of the 1631: 992:

From the mid-1980s onward there was lobbying against gay bathhouses blaming them for being a

727: 712: 501: 447:, when some gay men, particularly those who had been rejected by their families due to their 302: 235: 3534: 2180:

Material and visual cultures beyond male bonding, 1870–1914: bodies, boundaries and intimacy

4805: 1843: 1838: 1690: 1603: 1582: 1432: 1428: 1375:

neighborhood, were the Ritch Street Health Club, the interior of which was designed like a

1355:'s liaison to the gay community stated that their actions were in response to a complaint. 1270: 1177:

by using male police officers in the raid, describing the police actions as analogous to a

567: 309:

used the Lafayette Baths as his favorite haunt. His 1918 homoerotic self-portrait set in a

2056: 8: 4820: 4198: 3119: 3063: 3033: 2826: 2781: 1525: 231: 3577: 3555: 4810: 4605: 4487: 2883: 2543:

https://www.queerty.com/guys-reveal-their-best-and-worst-bathhouse-experiences-20160207

1833: 1823: 1589: 1512: 1325: 1236:'s Warehouse Spa and Bath was "inspected" by a task force of officers from the police, 993: 804: 448: 4699: 3219: 2751: 550:). By the 1990s, with increasing scrutiny of the costs of such operations (charges of 477: 4748: 4609: 4597: 4589: 4561: 4538: 4516: 4498: 4479: 4471: 4463: 4423: 4405: 4385: 4365: 4345: 4323: 4303: 4283: 4263: 4252: 4224: 4218: 4204: 4184: 4159: 4139: 4118: 4100: 4079: 4059: 4041: 4014: 3994: 3974: 3787: 3732: 3614: 3091: 2887: 2875: 2867: 2704: 2677: 2562: 2497: 2471: 2443: 2339: 2285: 2233: 2221: 2184: 1921: 1894: 1886: 1876: 1813: 1737: 1348: 1233: 637: 4679: 4491: 4037:

Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940

1616:(born 1939) made hundreds of visits to the Mineshaft (a bathhouse without the bath). 244:

In France the first recorded police raid on a Parisian bathhouse was in 1876 in the

131: 4581: 4455: 4026: 2859: 2453: 1784: 1602:(1926–1984) visited bathhouses in California in the 1970s and early 1980s, and the 1516: 1278: 1032: 563: 417: 378: 355: 183: 89:, offer so-called "bisexual" nights, where anyone is welcome regardless of gender. 27: 4727: 4276: 3902:"Gay Bath House History - gay anal sex men gay porn saunas baths spas glory holes" 2236:, that niggling hazard of promiscuity (before the penalty became life‑threatening) 321:(1884–1920) wrote in his diaries about visits to New York City bathhouses and the 4555: 4534: 4511:

José Esteban Muñoz, "Ghosts of Public Sex. Utopian Longings, Queer Memories", in

4459: 4399: 4379: 4359: 4317: 4297: 4246: 4178: 4094: 4008: 3988: 3968: 3814: 3239:"A bureaucratic halt at police board / While cop threatens Kyle Rae with lawsuit" 3085: 2959: 2833: 2698: 2671: 2556: 2333: 2178: 1714: 1622: 1599: 1344: 1314: 1274: 1080: 1073: 1057: 1016: 1004:, and this forced their closure in some jurisdictions (see Legal issues, below). 846:. Some bathhouses hold occasional "leather", "underwear", or other theme nights. 625: 559: 513: 335: 318: 298: 152: 3482: 3460: 3429: 4667: 4096:

Who's a pretty boy then?: one hundred & fifty years of gay life in pictures

3364: 3276: 3246: 2863: 1798: 1755: 1686: 1653: 1649: 1613: 1585: 1564: 1560: 1388: 1376: 1146: 1065: 843: 812: 539: 408: 306: 108: 4692:

Here's a handy list of tips to help make the experience more fun for everyone.

3990:

Who's who in gay and lesbian history: from antiquity to World War II, Volume 1

3970:

Men who sell sex: international perspectives on male prostitution and HIV/AIDS

3808:

http://www.jackfritscher.com/PDF/Drummer/Vol%201/33_Mineshaft_Mar2008_PWeb.pdf

3333: 1652:(1872–1936) is known to have patronized bathhouses. Some of the bathhouses in 1208:

liaison officer. Goliath's reopened a little more than a month after the raid.

734:

is known for his deliberately provocative comedy material and often refers to

4794: 4752: 4712:

Men are dogs. Put 'em in a kennel, and you get pretty much what you'd expect.

4601: 4593: 4585: 4475: 4467: 4299:

Forbidden Friendships: Homosexuality and Male Culture in Renaissance Florence

4169: 3831: 3422:"Charged for bathhouse sex, Hamilton cops go after gay businesses, play dumb" 3156: 2879: 2871: 2848:"Bathhouse Intercourse: Structural and Behavioral Aspects of an Erotic Oasis" 2501: 2475: 2447: 2369: 2289: 1925: 1898: 1747: 1626: 1551: 1547: 1407: 1396: 1384: 1286: 1237: 1205: 799: 731: 645: 452: 282: 238:

closed the public baths to suppress the homosexual activity they facilitated.

179: 167: 101: 23: 4565: 4542: 3512: 4625:"Andrew Holleran's Work Has Traced the Arc of Life. Now, He Takes on Death" 4483: 4381:

Bad Boys. Steamy True Stories from Bathhouses, Backroom Bars, and Sex Clubs

1875:. Vol. 1: A–C. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Thomson Gale. p. 121. 1776: 1743: 1710: 1636: 1415: 1400: 1294: 1258: 1178: 340: 294: 116: 4361:

Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender History in America

2977: 726:

sauna made mainstream press as the gay sauna where a priest had died of a

3271: 2847: 2140:"4 New York Bathhouses still operate under city's program of inspections" 1943:

Regina Brett (July 21, 2006). "Let's emphasize 'safe' part of safe sex".

1668: 1419: 1336: 1250: 1122: 1028: 901: 881: 830: 824: 617: 359: 148: 78:", or "the tubs". Historically, they have been used for sexual activity. 67: 59: 1335:

On October 8, 2010, ten patrons and one employee were arrested during a

1169:

women at the event were deeply angered and traumatized". A judge of the

984: 33: 2215: 1803: 1724: 1568: 1392: 1364: 1329: 893: 889: 816: 794: 696: 641: 591: 570:, until gross indecency was wiped from the statute books following the 555: 547: 428: 424: 374: 171: 4338:"Chapter 27: Victorian Turkish baths: 'sites of sex and sociability'?" 4180:

Queer London: Perils and Pleasures in the Sexual Metropolis, 1918–1957

3905: 2956:

Sites of Sexual Activities among Men. Sex-on-premises venues in Sydney

2363: 2017: 1391:. In 1978, a group of police officers raided the Liberty Baths in the 582: 4025:

An Official Publication of The Institute for Sex Research founded by

3267: 2521: 2280: 1700: 1445: 1351:

while the employee was charged with interfering with the police. The

759: 748: 692: 649: 543: 509: 444: 436: 395: 259: 187: 93: 86: 71: 3453:"Erection-killing cops, Lies & denials follow the Hamilton bust" 3326:"Goliath's Raid, Calgary Chief refuses to meet with gays after raid" 2350:

To make a long story short it's where men have sex with men in water

2700:

Policing Public Sex: Queer Politics and the Future of AIDS Activism

1828: 1448:

gay spa on charges of prostitution. Homosexuality was legalised in

1317:

were some of the American cities that had bathhouses in operation.

1282: 1201: 1093: 1044: 1020: 1008: 924: 920: 870:

Man's Country also offered a fake prison cell made of rubber bars.

659: 621: 517: 203: 19: 4513:

Policing Public Sex. Queer Politics and the Future of Gay Activism

4117:. Bruno Gmunder Verlag Gmbh; Revised edition. pp. 320 pages. 3139:"Meth Use Among Gay Men Decreasing; Other Drug Use Holding Steady" 1890: 1671:(1930–1978) vowed to stop visiting gay bathhouses when he ran for 1387:, in which each room was designed to accommodate a different BDSM 4658: 4248:

Out of the Past, Gay and Lesbian history from 1869 to the present

2537: 2398: 1963:"What Is a Gay Sauna – 5 Best Things You Need to Know - Sunasusa" 1713:

acknowledges visits to the baths in New York (where he would see

1657: 1467: 1302: 1290: 1266: 1262: 1254: 1190: 1157: 1153: 1069: 1061: 897: 885: 859: 842:

types, although in other places this would be considered illegal

820: 755: 735: 719: 551: 112: 97: 82: 63: 2696: 1515:

in the 1980s, the Swedish government in 1987 banned gay saunas (

214:". The places used for homosexual acts were taverns, baths, and 4767: 1682: 1645: 1493: 1306: 1298: 1024: 664: 524: 497: 489: 459: 211: 4560:, University of Sydney, Public Health and Community Medicine, 3935: 3834:, and whatever dance club happened to be the one that winter." 1152:

On February 5, 1981, 150 police raided four gay bathhouses in

3620: 1914:"Within the Walls of Gay Bathhouse Lies a World of Their Own" 1449: 1340: 1310: 1023:

on the premises. In addition, venues frequently provide free

602: 207: 75: 1328:

had to shut down as well because the city had just passed a

1112:

times I've injected, crystal, cocaine and sometimes heroin'.

439:

and were usually open, and busy, on public holidays such as

4445: 1380: 931:

others do not, preferring, for various reasons, anonymity.

896:. Some bathhouses also provide non-sexual services such as 786: 679: 322: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2413:"Gay Adelaide, Australia: The Essential LGBT Travel Guide" 1092:

In some countries straight and gay bathhouses are used by

699:

advertisements for a gay bathhouse when advertisements on

293:(403–405 Lafayette Street, which from 1916 was managed by 4216: 4010:

Homosexualities: a study of diversity among men and women

1001: 941:"S Alfred", The Social Construction of Sexual Practice, ( 220:(sheds or houses used for illicit sex and gambling). The 3727: 3725: 3723: 1731: 1727:(1925–2012) is a documented patron of the Everard Baths. 1460:

The German-speaking countries have many gay bathhouses (

961:"Richard", The Social Construction of Sexual Practice, ( 500:

in 1967. This was the Bondi Junction Steam Baths at 109

474:, conducted a voter registration drive on its premises. 2642: 111:

who seeks it, usually after paying a small fee. Unlike

3001:"Rising Rate of HIV Infection Renews Bathhouse Debate" 2583: 2554: 3720: 3663:

Bastuklubbslagen fyller inget syfte och bör avskaffas

1703:(1923-2022) wrote of his visits to the Everard Baths. 1125:

gay bathhouse, Peter Aggleton, Men who Sell Sex, 1999

1047:

and counseling may be offered on-site for no charge.

496:

In Australia, the first gay steam bath was opened in

2535:"Guys Reveal Best.and Worst Bathhouse Experiences," 2216:

John Carlyle; Robert Osborne; Chris Freeman (2006),

1766: 2919:

the contents of this envelope could save your life.

2602: 2492:"Christian sect joins police attack on gay sauna". 1455: 516:, which opened in 1979 and closed 13 October 2008. 74:, a bathhouse may be called just "the baths", "the 4275: 3986: 3869: 3703:"Ikväll öppnas första bastuklubben efter förbudet" 880:Many bathhouses sell food and drinks, cigarettes, 4743:Pebody, Roger (June 1998). "Tales of the steam". 3062:(758), QX: 44, September 17, 2009, archived from 2974:"Bathhouse Norms: What goes on in the Bathhouse?" 2365:Kandy and friends performing at Ken's Karate Klub 4792: 4571: 4302:(reprint ed.), Oxford University Press US, 4217:Malmstad, John; Nikolay Bogomolov (April 1999). 3899:Online. Retrieved February 23, 2004. Available: 3556:"Police reportedly close Beijing gay bathhouses" 2992: 2748:"East Village Baths Embroiled in Steamy Lawsuit" 2669: 1598:The influential 20th-century French philosopher 979: 730:and two other priests were on hand to help out. 4377: 4131: 3502: 2965: 2780:(763), QX: 80, October 22, 2009, archived from 2466:"Sauna owner appeals against prison sentence". 2164: 1853:, 2006 musical by Tim Evanicki and Esther Daack 741: 377:'s Victorian-style Turkish Baths were rated by 3890: 3881: 3666:, publicerad 31 maj 2001, hämtad 23 juli 2009. 3578:"Shanghaiist: A big gay crackdown in Beijing?" 3505:"Swinging doors shut: City probe KO's Plato's" 3182: 3180: 3111: 2690: 2355: 2335:Spartacus international gay guide: for gay men 512:the first gay bathhouse was Steamworks at 279 451:, had nowhere else to go. The American writer 4720:"Gay Bathhouse Issue Prompts Partisan Fervor" 4053: 2839: 2120: 2118: 2116: 1986: 1414:, with support from some gay activists, like 827:which can be worn around the wrist or ankle. 470:in New York City, with the assistance of the 215: 3987:Aldrich, Robert; Wotherspoon, Garry (2001), 3781: 3634: 3232: 3230: 2925: 2325: 2247: 2245: 1942: 1629:in New York is a crucial event in his novel 1497: 1481: 1461: 481: 251: 245: 37: 4417: 4397: 4155:Queer Sites, gay urban histories since 1600 4007:Bell, Alan P.; Weinberg, Martin S. (1979), 3750:"Receipts Offer Hints of a Manhattan Visit" 3607: 3348: 3177: 3077: 2958:, Monograph 5/1998, National Centre in HIV 2670:Reynolds, Robert; Sullivan, Gerard (2003). 2663: 2657: 2617: 2508: 2319: 2089: 2087: 3117: 2971: 2548: 2170: 2113: 1105: 867: 854: 4398:Woods, William J.; Binson, Diane (2003), 4176: 3855: 3853: 3650:Svensk författningssamling (SFS 1987:375) 3483:"Indianapolis Bathhouses & Sex Clubs" 3227: 2998: 2845: 2739: 2252: 2242: 2137: 2100: 2007: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1905: 458:Another service offered by the baths was 210:, in 1492 there was a purge against the " 4717: 4700:"Gay Bathhouse: Straight Boy Undercover" 4634: 4553: 4115:Spartacus International Sauna Guide 2007 4092: 4033: 3966: 3747: 3419: 3186: 3171: 3130: 2814: 2629: 2331: 2277: 2203: 2094: 2084: 1864: 1656:at the time became known as friendly to 1492: 1476: 983: 962: 942: 829: 776:a paragraph, Homosexualities, p239, 1979 658: 581: 476: 407: 403: 364: 174:, and there are many ancient records of 147: 126: 32: 18: 4401:Gay Bathhouses and Public Health Policy 4378:Willis, Paul J.; Christian, M. (2003), 4335: 4315: 4112: 3775: 3450: 3323: 3280: 3083: 2611: 2579: 2577: 2555:David Shneer; Caryn Aviv, eds. (2006), 2514: 1423:the new rules and closed their doors. 1343:. The patrons were charged with either 1175:Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 276: 85:" or "women only" night. Some, such as 4793: 4742: 4666: 4635:Osbourne, Duncan (November 30, 2006). 4273: 4244: 4196: 3850: 3766: 3388: 3384: 3382: 3354: 3026:"NHS to hold STI testing in gay sauna" 2954:Santana, Hedimo and Richters, Juliet: 2338:(10 ed.), Spartacus, p. 54, 2306: 2301: 2299: 2266:Grange Road Turkish Baths cooling-room 2176: 2125: 1992: 1911: 1819:List of films featuring gay bathhouses 1406:In 1984, however, fear of the surging 1173:held that the police had violated the 766:emphasized the importance of a towel: 4785:historical directory of British Baths 4697: 4526: 4357: 4295: 4151: 4132:Gustav-Wrathall, John Donald (1998), 4071: 3678:"Bastuklubbarna legala igen i sommar" 3675: 3503:Golubski, Suzanne; Kappstatter, Bob. 3236: 3048: 2899: 2766: 2745: 2703:. Boston, MA: South End Press Press. 2673:Gay Men's Sexual Stories: Getting It! 2382: 2375: 2107: 2078: 2055:. Guías Granada. 2016. Archived from 2039: 1960: 1870: 1732:Celebrities and the Continental Baths 974: 4676:Fab Magazine: The Gay Scene Magazine 4099:(reprint ed.), Serpent's Tail, 4006: 3535:"11 arrested in raid at Club Dallas" 3324:Perelle, Robin (December 26, 2002). 3275:society) – and these 3187:Gulliver, Tanya (February 2, 2006). 3136: 2999:Bernstein, Sharon (March 23, 2004). 2931: 2636: 2574: 2395:Church plans tower on gay sauna site 2361: 2011: 1588:(1961–1998) spent his last night in 1050: 381:as "quite fabulous" in his diaries. 4135:Take the Young Stranger by the Hand 3599:"Beijing: Police raid bathhouses". 3420:Gulliver, Tanya (August 19, 2004). 3379: 3281:Gilbert, Sky (September 21, 2000). 2561:, Paradigm Publishers, p. 92, 2296: 2209: 1667:The openly gay American politician 577: 232:conquest of the Muslim city Granada 13: 4718:Herscher, Elaine (June 14, 1999). 4113:Gmunder, Bruno (October 1, 2006). 3934:. October 23, 1998. Archived from 3237:Brown, Eleanor (October 5, 2000). 3118:Honigsbaum, Mark (26 March 2005). 3032:. October 15, 2007. Archived from 2902:"Bathhouses reflect AIDS concerns" 2053:"Descubre los baños árabes Hammam" 1537: 754:Many bathhouses also provide free 738:culture including gay bathhouses. 16:Commercial space for male-male sex 14: 4832: 4761: 4515:, Boston, South End Press, 1996, 4054:De Bonneville, Francoise (1998), 3847:, New York: William Morrow, 1978. 3748:Sengupta, Somini (25 July 1997). 3451:Gallant, Paul (August 19, 2004). 3389:Steele, Amy (February 17, 2005). 3355:Steele, Amy (February 17, 2005). 3283:"Bathhouse raid a sexist outrage" 2932:Sine, Richard (August 29, 1996). 2746:Chung, Jen (September 18, 2007). 1165:Raid on Toronto Women's Bathhouse 971:Environmental Health department. 26:, a now defunct gay bathhouse in 4672:"A guide to bathhouse etiquette" 4040:, Basic Books; Reprint edition, 2976:. Healthy Living. Archived from 2972:Westerfelt, Alex (August 2005). 2900:Gross, Jane (October 14, 1985). 2138:Bronstein, Scott (May 3, 1987). 1932:from the original on 2014-12-22. 1783: 1769: 1456:Germany, Austria and Switzerland 1399:and arrested three patrons for " 1244: 1229:Raid on Hamilton's Warehouse Spa 193: 4623:Barone, Joshua (June 6, 2022). 4618:Newspaper and magazine articles 4448:Culture, Health & Sexuality 4282:, University of Chicago Press, 4183:, University of Chicago Press, 4138:, University of Chicago Press, 3920: 3875: 3862: 3837: 3820: 3817:. Retrieved September 29, 2014. 3800: 3760: 3741: 3695: 3669: 3654: 3643: 3628: 3592: 3570: 3548: 3527: 3496: 3475: 3444: 3413: 3317: 3305: 3261: 3207: 3164: 3018: 2948: 2893: 2820: 2807: 2795: 2728: 2717: 2596: 2529: 2515:Caswell, W.H. (15 March 1977). 2485: 2459: 2431: 2405: 2388: 2312: 2271: 2258: 2196: 2157: 2131: 2014:"The history of gay bathhouses" 1412:San Francisco Health Department 1322:New York City Health Department 1141:Toronto bathhouse raids of 1981 1130: 1087: 956:had to say to them to fuck off. 663:Entrance to Babylonia sauna in 601:entry to those who are visibly 4319:A Day and a Night at the Baths 3897:The History of Gay Bathhouses. 3870:Aldrich & Wotherspoon 2001 3784:The Passion of Michel Foucault 3676:Fleissner, Foto: Foto: Franz. 3056:"QX Magazine London Issue 758" 2774:"QX Magazine London Issue 763" 2470:(127). Millivres. April 1989. 2442:(138). Millivres. March 1990. 2071: 2045: 2032: 1979: 1954: 1936: 1873:Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender 1573:Finn's Point National Cemetery 1550:wrote about his visits to the 616:and do not identify as gay or 1: 4698:Levin, Rick (June 21, 2001). 4220:Mikhail Kuzmin, A Life in Art 4200:The Gay Metropolis: 1940–1996 4075:Encyclopedia of Homosexuality 3954: 2735:The history of gay bathhouses 2496:(117). Millivres. June 1988. 2016:. Gaytubs.com. Archived from 1612:Gay erotic author and editor 1581:The first openly gay British 1358: 998:sexually transmitted diseases 980:Sexually transmitted diseases 351:Victorian-style Turkish Baths 176:homosexual activity in Greece 139: 4460:10.1080/13691050310001607241 4223:. Harvard University Press. 4203:, Houghton Mifflin Company, 3603:. April 2, 2008. p. 11. 3580:. Shanghaiist. 31 March 2008 3137:Rowe, Aaron (26 July 2007). 3090:. Harvard University Press. 2558:American queer, now and then 1912:Colker, David (1994-03-10). 1857: 1648:poet, novelist and composer 907: 742:Layout and typical amenities 254:Rue du Faubourg-Poissonnière 7: 4418:Wotherspoon, Garry (1991), 4364:, Charles Scribner's Sons, 3973:, Temple University Press, 3615:"Gay sauna raided in China" 3558:. Pridesource. 3 April 2008 2846:Tewksbury, Richard (2002), 2750:. Gothamist. Archived from 1961:Tariq, Hamza (2024-06-27). 1762: 620:, including those that are 119:and ban known prostitutes. 10: 4837: 4774:"VictorianTurkishBath.org" 4527:Prior, Jason Hugh (2004), 3511:. New York. Archived from 2864:10.1080/016396202317192035 2332:Stamford, John D. (1980), 1735: 1144: 996:encouraging the spread of 429:sex in other public places 122: 4554:Richters, Juliet (2006), 4336:Shifrin, Malcolm (2015), 4316:Rumaker, Michael (1979), 4034:Chauncey, George (1995), 3617:. BBC News. 7 July 2000. 1506: 1383:bathhouse on Hallam near 1369:Consenting Adult Sex Bill 1135: 614:men who have sex with men 4586:10.1177/1363460707078319 4503:: CS1 maint: location ( 4422:, Hale & Iremonger, 4197:Kaiser, Charles (1997), 4177:Houlbrook, Matt (2006), 4093:Gardiner, James (1998), 3967:Aggleton, Peter (1999), 3826:Bergman, David, editor. 3485:. GayCities Indianapolis 3084:Nichols, Eve K. (1989). 2836:. Retrieved 4 July 2008. 1945:Plain Dealer (Cleveland) 1575:caretaker William Reese. 1488:Central Bathhouse Vienna 1438: 1353:Dallas Police Department 1171:Ontario Court of Justice 572:Sexual Offences Act 2003 529:legalised in New Zealand 42:('German Oak') in Munich 4724:San Francisco Chronicle 4342:Victorian Turkish Baths 4296:Rocke, Michael (1998), 3828:The Violet Quill Reader 2658:Woods & Binson 2003 2183:, Ashgate, p. 83, 1850:Bathhouse: The Musical! 1809:Hall–Carpenter Archives 1756:gay liberation movement 586:Sailors leaflet in 1998 462:. In the run-up to the 386:Steambaths in the 1930s 4013:, Simon and Schuster, 3191:. Xtra. Archived from 2586:LA Weekly (California) 2517:"Raids on sauna clubs" 2362:Yang, William (1981), 2220:, Carroll & Graf, 1791:Human sexuality portal 1760: 1520: 1503: 1498: 1490: 1482: 1462: 1379:, and The Barracks, a 1128: 1000:(STDs), in particular 989: 968: 948: 878: 838: 779: 722:in November 1994, the 703:in Melbourne promoted 684: 680:Haubrich et al. (2004) 668: 587: 533:most Australian states 493: 482: 472:League of Women Voters 420: 401: 370: 347: 317:The American composer 311:Victorian Turkish bath 287:Produce Exchange Baths 281:In New York City, the 252: 246: 216: 162: 158:Bathers at San Niccolò 145: 43: 38: 30: 4678:(296). Archived from 4647:on September 27, 2007 4245:Miller, Neil (1995), 4152:Higgs, David (1999), 4072:Dynes, Wayne (1990). 3886:. London. p. 62. 3845:Dancer from the Dance 3782:James Miller (1993). 3155:Researchers from the 2177:Potvin, John (2008), 1752: 1632:Dancer from the Dance 1502:: Pool for men (1889) 1496: 1480: 1098: 988:Pleasuredrome condoms 987: 953: 933: 851: 833: 768: 701:commercial television 670: 662: 585: 480: 411: 404:Modern gay bathhouses 383: 368: 358:." Regulars included 349:In London, the Savoy 327: 151: 130: 36: 22: 4631:, Section C, Page 1. 4454:(1), Part 1: 19–30, 4358:Stein, Marc (2004), 4344:, Historic England, 4056:The Book of the Bath 3515:on 27 September 2007 3463:on 28 September 2007 3432:on 28 September 2007 3401:on 28 September 2007 3336:on 28 September 2007 3270:filmmaker and actor 2541:, February 7, 2016, 2456:is a case in point'. 2438:"Policing Gay Sex". 2165:Gustav-Wrathall 1998 1844:Mineshaft (gay club) 1839:Catacombs (sex club) 468:New St. Mark's Baths 277:Early gay bathhouses 188:cottages or tearooms 4523:, pp. 355–372. 4440:articles and theses 4078:. St. James Press. 3908:on October 20, 2006 3637:The Washington Post 3195:on December 7, 2008 3174:, pp. 116–122) 3066:on 26 November 2009 2827:Bathhouse Etiquette 2417:queerintheworld.com 1232:On August 3, 2004, 927:might lie face up. 805:pornographic movies 640:in New York or the 270:Ariston Hotel Baths 236:Isabel the Catholic 4747:(237). Millivres. 4730:on October 6, 2006 4637:"El Mirage Closed" 4629:The New York Times 4322:, Grey Fox Press, 3843:Holleran, Andrew. 3813:2021-07-05 at the 3754:The New York Times 3367:on 7 December 2008 3249:on 7 December 2008 3060:QX Magazine London 2906:The New York Times 2832:2016-04-09 at the 2784:on 26 October 2009 2778:QX Magazine London 2419:. 11 February 2019 2144:The New York Times 2059:on January 1, 2019 2020:on 20 October 2006 1987:De Bonneville 1998 1834:Caldron (sex club) 1824:Adult video arcade 1590:Chariots Roman Spa 1504: 1491: 1483:Kaiserbründl-Sauna 1339:at Club Dallas in 1189:In December 2002, 994:focus of infection 990: 975:High-risk behavior 839: 669: 588: 494: 460:voter registration 449:sexual orientation 435:threw parties for 421: 412:Crew Club, in the 393:Anthony Aspinall, 371: 163: 146: 50:, also known as a 44: 31: 4420:City of the Plain 4351:978-1-84802-230-0 4251:, Vintage Books, 3786:. HarperCollins. 3771:(237). Millivres. 3737:978-0-385-23249-4 3537:. 15 October 2010 3005:Los Angeles Times 2754:on 6 October 2008 2676:. Haworth Press. 2218:Under the Rainbow 2012:Coronado, Eddie. 1918:Los Angeles Times 1882:978-0-02-865961-9 1814:Homosocialization 1738:Continental Baths 1349:indecent exposure 1216:the Supreme Court 1186:Raid on Goliath's 1051:Drugs and alcohol 921:penetrated anally 862:bathhouse called 789:, sometimes with 709:Wellington Street 705:Wet on Wellington 638:Continental Baths 62:targeted towards 4828: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4768:GayBathhouse.org 4756: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4726:. Archived from 4714: 4709: 4707: 4694: 4689: 4687: 4663: 4654: 4652: 4643:. Archived from 4613: 4568: 4550: 4545:, archived from 4533:, University of 4508: 4502: 4494: 4432: 4414: 4394: 4374: 4354: 4332: 4312: 4292: 4281: 4261: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4213: 4193: 4173: 4168:, archived from 4148: 4128: 4109: 4089: 4068: 4050: 4030: 4027:Alfred C. Kinsey 4003: 3983: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3924: 3918: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3904:. Archived from 3894: 3888: 3887: 3879: 3873: 3866: 3860: 3857: 3848: 3841: 3835: 3824: 3818: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3745: 3739: 3729: 3718: 3717: 3715: 3714: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3673: 3667: 3658: 3652: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3632: 3626: 3625: 3611: 3605: 3604: 3596: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3585: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3552: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3531: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3520: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3490: 3479: 3473: 3472: 3470: 3468: 3459:. Archived from 3448: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3428:. Archived from 3417: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3397:. Archived from 3386: 3377: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3363:. Archived from 3352: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3332:. Archived from 3321: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3289:. Archived from 3265: 3259: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3245:. Archived from 3234: 3225: 3223: 3218:. Archived from 3211: 3205: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3184: 3175: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3152: 3150: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3081: 3075: 3074: 3073: 3071: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3013: 3011: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2980:on March 5, 2012 2969: 2963: 2952: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2941: 2929: 2923: 2922: 2914: 2912: 2897: 2891: 2890: 2852:Deviant Behavior 2843: 2837: 2824: 2818: 2811: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2770: 2764: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2743: 2737: 2732: 2726: 2721: 2715: 2714: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2640: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2615: 2609: 2608: 2600: 2594: 2593: 2581: 2572: 2571: 2552: 2546: 2533: 2527: 2526: 2512: 2506: 2505: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2463: 2457: 2454:disorderly house 2451: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2409: 2403: 2392: 2386: 2379: 2373: 2372: 2359: 2353: 2352: 2329: 2323: 2320:Wotherspoon 1991 2316: 2310: 2303: 2294: 2293: 2275: 2269: 2262: 2256: 2249: 2240: 2238: 2213: 2207: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2174: 2168: 2161: 2155: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2135: 2129: 2122: 2111: 2104: 2098: 2091: 2082: 2075: 2069: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2049: 2043: 2036: 2030: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2009: 1990: 1983: 1977: 1976: 1974: 1973: 1958: 1952: 1951: 1940: 1934: 1933: 1909: 1903: 1902: 1868: 1793: 1788: 1787: 1779: 1774: 1773: 1772: 1723:Bisexual author 1526:Bastuklubbslagen 1501: 1485: 1465: 1395:neighborhood of 1126: 1121:(masseurs) in a 1117:Interviews with 1111: 1107: 1104: 966: 946: 876: 869: 856: 777: 682: 578:Bathhouses today 564:victimless crime 487: 418:Washington, D.C. 416:neighborhood of 399: 379:Kenneth Williams 345: 257: 249: 247:Bains de Gymnase 219: 144: 143: 1496–1497 141: 100:, and sometimes 41: 28:Portland, Oregon 4836: 4835: 4831: 4830: 4829: 4827: 4826: 4825: 4791: 4790: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4764: 4759: 4733: 4731: 4705: 4703: 4685: 4683: 4650: 4648: 4535:New South Wales 4496: 4495: 4430: 4412: 4392: 4372: 4352: 4330: 4310: 4290: 4262:(2005 rev. ed. 4259: 4235: 4233: 4231: 4211: 4191: 4166: 4146: 4125: 4107: 4086: 4066: 4048: 4021: 4001: 3981: 3957: 3952: 3951: 3941: 3939: 3926: 3925: 3921: 3911: 3909: 3900: 3895: 3891: 3880: 3876: 3867: 3863: 3858: 3851: 3842: 3838: 3825: 3821: 3815:Wayback Machine 3805: 3801: 3794: 3780: 3776: 3765: 3761: 3746: 3742: 3730: 3721: 3712: 3710: 3701: 3700: 3696: 3687: 3685: 3674: 3670: 3659: 3655: 3648: 3644: 3633: 3629: 3613: 3612: 3608: 3598: 3597: 3593: 3583: 3581: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3554: 3553: 3549: 3540: 3538: 3533: 3532: 3528: 3518: 3516: 3501: 3497: 3488: 3486: 3481: 3480: 3476: 3466: 3464: 3449: 3445: 3435: 3433: 3418: 3414: 3404: 3402: 3387: 3380: 3370: 3368: 3353: 3349: 3339: 3337: 3322: 3318: 3310: 3306: 3296: 3294: 3277:police officers 3266: 3262: 3252: 3250: 3235: 3228: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3198: 3196: 3185: 3178: 3169: 3165: 3148: 3146: 3135: 3131: 3116: 3112: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3082: 3078: 3069: 3067: 3054: 3053: 3049: 3039: 3037: 3036:on 29 June 2011 3024: 3023: 3019: 3009: 3007: 2997: 2993: 2983: 2981: 2970: 2966: 2960:Social research 2953: 2949: 2939: 2937: 2930: 2926: 2910: 2908: 2898: 2894: 2844: 2840: 2834:Wayback Machine 2825: 2821: 2812: 2808: 2800: 2796: 2787: 2785: 2772: 2771: 2767: 2757: 2755: 2744: 2740: 2733: 2729: 2722: 2718: 2711: 2695: 2691: 2684: 2668: 2664: 2656: 2643: 2634: 2630: 2616: 2612: 2601: 2597: 2582: 2575: 2569: 2553: 2549: 2534: 2530: 2513: 2509: 2491: 2490: 2486: 2465: 2464: 2460: 2437: 2436: 2432: 2422: 2420: 2411: 2410: 2406: 2393: 2389: 2380: 2376: 2360: 2356: 2346: 2330: 2326: 2317: 2313: 2304: 2297: 2276: 2272: 2263: 2259: 2250: 2243: 2228: 2214: 2210: 2201: 2197: 2191: 2175: 2171: 2162: 2158: 2148: 2146: 2136: 2132: 2123: 2114: 2105: 2101: 2092: 2085: 2076: 2072: 2062: 2060: 2051: 2050: 2046: 2037: 2033: 2023: 2021: 2010: 1993: 1984: 1980: 1971: 1969: 1959: 1955: 1941: 1937: 1910: 1906: 1883: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1789: 1782: 1775: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1740: 1734: 1715:Andrew Holleran 1623:Andrew Holleran 1619:Andrew Holleran 1600:Michel Foucault 1595:Michel Foucault 1540: 1538:Notable patrons 1513:the AIDS crisis 1509: 1458: 1441: 1361: 1345:public lewdness 1326:Plato's Retreat 1315:Fort Lauderdale 1247: 1149: 1138: 1133: 1127: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1090: 1053: 1017:unprotected sex 982: 977: 967: 960: 947: 940: 910: 877: 874: 778: 775: 764:Homosexualities 744: 683: 677: 628:relationships. 580: 568:gross indecency 560:public interest 552:gross indecency 514:La Trobe Street 406: 400: 392: 346: 336:George Chauncey 334: 319:Charles Griffes 299:George Gershwin 291:Lafayette Baths 279: 234:in 1492, Queen 196: 153:Domenico Cresti 142: 125: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4834: 4824: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4801:Gay bathhouses 4787: 4786: 4770: 4763: 4762:External links 4760: 4758: 4757: 4740: 4715: 4702:. The Stranger 4695: 4664: 4632: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4614: 4580:(3): 275–297. 4569: 4551: 4524: 4509: 4442: 4441: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4415: 4410: 4395: 4390: 4375: 4370: 4355: 4350: 4333: 4328: 4313: 4308: 4293: 4288: 4271: 4257: 4242: 4229: 4214: 4209: 4194: 4189: 4174: 4164: 4149: 4144: 4129: 4123: 4110: 4105: 4090: 4084: 4069: 4064: 4051: 4046: 4031: 4019: 4004: 3999: 3984: 3979: 3963: 3962: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3949: 3938:on May 9, 2019 3928:"Bette Midler" 3919: 3889: 3874: 3861: 3859:Barone (2006). 3849: 3836: 3819: 3799: 3792: 3774: 3759: 3740: 3719: 3694: 3668: 3653: 3642: 3639:. p. A01. 3627: 3606: 3591: 3569: 3547: 3526: 3495: 3474: 3443: 3412: 3378: 3347: 3316: 3304: 3260: 3226: 3222:on 2007-05-02. 3216:"Pussy Palace" 3206: 3176: 3163: 3129: 3110: 3096: 3076: 3047: 3017: 2991: 2964: 2947: 2936:. Metro Active 2924: 2892: 2838: 2819: 2817:, p. 223) 2806: 2802:Both Sides Now 2794: 2765: 2738: 2727: 2716: 2709: 2689: 2682: 2662: 2641: 2639:, p. 239) 2628: 2610: 2595: 2588:. p. 39. 2573: 2567: 2547: 2528: 2507: 2484: 2458: 2430: 2404: 2387: 2374: 2368:(1 ed.), 2354: 2344: 2324: 2311: 2295: 2270: 2257: 2253:Houlbrook 2006 2241: 2226: 2208: 2195: 2189: 2169: 2156: 2130: 2128:, p. 143) 2112: 2099: 2083: 2070: 2044: 2042:, p. 203) 2031: 1991: 1978: 1953: 1935: 1904: 1881: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1855: 1854: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1799:Public bathing 1795: 1794: 1780: 1764: 1761: 1736:Main article: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1721: 1718: 1707: 1704: 1697: 1694: 1687:Rudolf Nureyev 1679: 1678:Rudolf Nureyev 1676: 1665: 1662: 1654:St. Petersburg 1650:Mikhail Kuzmin 1643: 1642:Mikhail Kuzmin 1640: 1620: 1617: 1614:Jack Fritscher 1610: 1609:Jack Fritscher 1607: 1596: 1593: 1586:Justin Fashanu 1579: 1578:Justin Fashanu 1576: 1565:Gianni Versace 1561:Andrew Cunanan 1558: 1557:Andrew Cunanan 1555: 1544: 1539: 1536: 1528:(SFS 1987:375) 1508: 1505: 1463:schwule Saunas 1457: 1454: 1440: 1437: 1389:sexual fantasy 1360: 1357: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1241: 1230: 1226: 1225: 1220: 1219: 1210: 1209: 1202:live sex shows 1196: 1195: 1187: 1183: 1182: 1166: 1162: 1161: 1147:Operation Soap 1145:Main article: 1143: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1132: 1129: 1114: 1089: 1086: 1052: 1049: 981: 978: 976: 973: 958: 938: 909: 906: 875:Eddie Coronado 872: 844:discrimination 800:exhibitionists 773: 743: 740: 675: 579: 576: 484:Deutsche Eiche 405: 402: 390: 373:In the 1950s, 332: 307:Charles Demuth 278: 275: 274: 273: 266: 263: 242: 239: 228: 225: 222:Eight of Watch 212:vice of sodomy 200: 195: 192: 136:The Men's Bath 132:Albrecht Dürer 124: 121: 102:swimming pools 39:Deutsche Eiche 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4833: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4798: 4796: 4789: 4775: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4754: 4750: 4746: 4741: 4729: 4725: 4721: 4716: 4713: 4701: 4696: 4693: 4682:on 2009-01-19 4681: 4677: 4673: 4670:(June 2006). 4669: 4668:Lamore, Lance 4665: 4662: 4660: 4646: 4642: 4641:Gay City News 4638: 4633: 4630: 4626: 4622: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4570: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4558: 4552: 4549:on 2007-08-29 4548: 4544: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4531: 4525: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4506: 4500: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4444: 4443: 4439: 4436: 4435: 4431: 4425: 4421: 4416: 4413: 4411:9781560232735 4407: 4404:, Routledge, 4403: 4402: 4396: 4393: 4387: 4383: 4382: 4376: 4373: 4371:9780684312620 4367: 4363: 4362: 4356: 4353: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4334: 4331: 4325: 4321: 4320: 4314: 4311: 4309:9780195122923 4305: 4301: 4300: 4294: 4291: 4285: 4280: 4279: 4272: 4269: 4265: 4260: 4258:9780679749882 4254: 4250: 4249: 4243: 4232: 4226: 4222: 4221: 4215: 4212: 4206: 4202: 4201: 4195: 4192: 4190:9780226354620 4186: 4182: 4181: 4175: 4172:on 2015-09-13 4171: 4167: 4161: 4158:, Routledge, 4157: 4156: 4150: 4147: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4116: 4111: 4108: 4106:9781852425944 4102: 4098: 4097: 4091: 4087: 4081: 4077: 4076: 4070: 4067: 4061: 4057: 4052: 4049: 4043: 4039: 4038: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4022: 4020:9780671251505 4016: 4012: 4011: 4005: 4002: 4000:9780415159821 3996: 3993:, Routledge, 3992: 3991: 3985: 3982: 3980:9781566396691 3976: 3972: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3960: 3959: 3937: 3933: 3932:Houston Voice 3929: 3923: 3907: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3885: 3878: 3871: 3865: 3856: 3854: 3846: 3840: 3833: 3829: 3823: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3803: 3795: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3770: 3763: 3755: 3751: 3744: 3738: 3734: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3708: 3704: 3698: 3683: 3679: 3672: 3665: 3664: 3657: 3651: 3646: 3638: 3631: 3624: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3602: 3595: 3579: 3573: 3557: 3551: 3536: 3530: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3499: 3484: 3478: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3447: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3416: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3385: 3383: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3351: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3320: 3314:, OJ No 1170 3313: 3312:R. v. Hornick 3308: 3293:on 2006-06-14 3292: 3288: 3284: 3279:violated it. 3278: 3273: 3269: 3264: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3233: 3231: 3224: 3221: 3217: 3210: 3194: 3190: 3183: 3181: 3173: 3172:Aggleton 1999 3167: 3160: 3158: 3157:San Francisco 3144: 3140: 3133: 3125: 3121: 3114: 3099: 3093: 3089: 3088: 3080: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3051: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3021: 3006: 3002: 2995: 2979: 2975: 2968: 2961: 2957: 2951: 2935: 2928: 2921: 2920: 2907: 2903: 2896: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2842: 2835: 2831: 2828: 2823: 2816: 2815:Chauncey 1995 2810: 2803: 2798: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2769: 2753: 2749: 2742: 2736: 2731: 2725: 2724:Man's Country 2720: 2712: 2706: 2702: 2701: 2693: 2685: 2679: 2675: 2674: 2666: 2659: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2638: 2632: 2625: 2621: 2614: 2607:. p. 11. 2606: 2599: 2592: 2587: 2580: 2578: 2570: 2568:9781594511714 2564: 2560: 2559: 2551: 2544: 2540: 2539: 2532: 2525:. p. 17. 2524: 2523: 2518: 2511: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2488: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2462: 2455: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2434: 2418: 2414: 2408: 2401: 2400: 2396: 2391: 2385:, PhD Thesis) 2384: 2378: 2371: 2370:Pan Macmillan 2367: 2366: 2358: 2351: 2347: 2345:9789070154134 2341: 2337: 2336: 2328: 2321: 2315: 2308: 2302: 2300: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2282: 2274: 2267: 2261: 2254: 2248: 2246: 2237: 2235: 2229: 2223: 2219: 2212: 2205: 2204:Gardiner 1998 2199: 2192: 2190:9780754656654 2186: 2182: 2181: 2173: 2166: 2160: 2145: 2141: 2134: 2127: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2110:, p. 90) 2109: 2103: 2096: 2095:Chauncey 1995 2090: 2088: 2081:, p. 25) 2080: 2074: 2058: 2054: 2048: 2041: 2035: 2019: 2015: 2008: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1988: 1982: 1968: 1964: 1957: 1950: 1946: 1939: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1908: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1878: 1874: 1867: 1863: 1852: 1851: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1781: 1778: 1767: 1759: 1757: 1751: 1749: 1748:Barry Manilow 1745: 1739: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699:The composer 1698: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1663: 1661:cleanliness." 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1633: 1628: 1627:Everard Baths 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1552:Everard Baths 1549: 1548:Truman Capote 1545: 1543:Truman Capote 1542: 1541: 1535: 1533: 1529: 1527: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1500: 1495: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1464: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1424: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1408:AIDS epidemic 1404: 1402: 1398: 1397:San Francisco 1394: 1390: 1386: 1385:Folsom Street 1382: 1378: 1377:Minoan palace 1374: 1370: 1366: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1320:In 1985, the 1318: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1245:United States 1239: 1238:public health 1235: 1231: 1228: 1227: 1222: 1221: 1217: 1212: 1211: 1207: 1206:gay community 1203: 1198: 1197: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1140: 1139: 1124: 1120: 1113: 1097: 1095: 1085: 1082: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1048: 1046: 1040: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1012: 1010: 1005: 1003: 999: 995: 986: 972: 965:, PhD Thesis) 964: 963:Richters 2006 957: 952: 945:, PhD Thesis) 944: 943:Richters 2006 937: 932: 928: 926: 922: 917: 913: 905: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 871: 865: 864:Man's Country 861: 850: 847: 845: 836: 835:Man's Country 832: 828: 826: 822: 818: 814: 808: 806: 801: 796: 792: 788: 782: 772: 767: 765: 761: 757: 752: 750: 747:bathhouse or 739: 737: 733: 732:Scott Capurro 729: 725: 721: 716: 714: 710: 707:, a sauna in 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 681: 674: 666: 661: 657: 653: 651: 647: 646:exhibitionism 643: 639: 633: 629: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 606: 604: 598: 595: 593: 584: 575: 573: 569: 565: 561: 558:, and little 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 536: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 502:Oxford Street 499: 491: 486: 485: 479: 475: 473: 469: 465: 464:1980 election 461: 456: 454: 453:Truman Capote 450: 446: 442: 438: 432: 430: 426: 419: 415: 410: 398: 397: 389: 387: 382: 380: 376: 367: 363: 361: 357: 352: 343: 342: 337: 331: 326: 324: 320: 315: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 271: 267: 265:1903 New York 264: 261: 256: 255: 248: 243: 240: 237: 233: 229: 226: 223: 218: 213: 209: 205: 201: 199:1492 Florence 198: 197: 194:Early records 191: 189: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 168:homosexuality 160: 159: 154: 150: 137: 133: 129: 120: 118: 114: 110: 105: 103: 99: 95: 90: 88: 84: 79: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 56:gay steambath 53: 49: 48:gay bathhouse 40: 35: 29: 25: 24:Club Portland 21: 4816:Sex industry 4788: 4777:. Retrieved 4744: 4732:. Retrieved 4728:the original 4723: 4711: 4704:. Retrieved 4691: 4684:. Retrieved 4680:the original 4675: 4656: 4649:. Retrieved 4645:the original 4640: 4628: 4577: 4573: 4556: 4547:the original 4529: 4512: 4451: 4447: 4419: 4400: 4380: 4360: 4341: 4318: 4298: 4278:American Gay 4277: 4247: 4234:. Retrieved 4219: 4199: 4179: 4170:the original 4154: 4134: 4114: 4095: 4073: 4055: 4035: 4024: 4009: 3989: 3969: 3940:. Retrieved 3936:the original 3931: 3922: 3912:February 23, 3910:. Retrieved 3906:the original 3896: 3892: 3884:The Guardian 3883: 3877: 3864: 3844: 3839: 3827: 3822: 3802: 3783: 3777: 3768: 3762: 3753: 3743: 3711:. Retrieved 3709:(in Swedish) 3706: 3697: 3686:. Retrieved 3684:(in Swedish) 3681: 3671: 3662: 3656: 3645: 3636: 3630: 3618: 3609: 3600: 3594: 3582:. Retrieved 3572: 3560:. Retrieved 3550: 3539:. Retrieved 3529: 3517:. Retrieved 3513:the original 3508: 3498: 3487:. Retrieved 3477: 3465:. Retrieved 3461:the original 3457:Capital Xtra 3456: 3446: 3434:. Retrieved 3430:the original 3426:Capital Xtra 3425: 3415: 3403:. Retrieved 3399:the original 3395:Capital Xtra 3394: 3369:. Retrieved 3365:the original 3361:Capital Xtra 3360: 3350: 3338:. Retrieved 3334:the original 3330:Capital Xtra 3329: 3319: 3311: 3307: 3295:. Retrieved 3291:the original 3287:Pink Panther 3286: 3263: 3251:. Retrieved 3247:the original 3243:Capital Xtra 3242: 3220:the original 3213: 3209: 3197:. Retrieved 3193:the original 3166: 3154: 3147:. Retrieved 3145:. Wired News 3142: 3132: 3124:The Observer 3123: 3113: 3101:. Retrieved 3086: 3079: 3068:, retrieved 3064:the original 3059: 3050: 3038:. Retrieved 3034:the original 3029: 3020: 3008:. Retrieved 3004: 2994: 2982:. Retrieved 2978:the original 2967: 2955: 2950: 2938:. Retrieved 2927: 2918: 2916: 2909:. Retrieved 2905: 2895: 2855: 2851: 2841: 2822: 2809: 2797: 2786:, retrieved 2782:the original 2777: 2768: 2756:. Retrieved 2752:the original 2741: 2730: 2719: 2699: 2692: 2672: 2665: 2631: 2623: 2619: 2613: 2604: 2598: 2589: 2585: 2557: 2550: 2536: 2531: 2520: 2510: 2493: 2487: 2479: 2467: 2461: 2439: 2433: 2421:. Retrieved 2416: 2407: 2397: 2390: 2377: 2364: 2357: 2349: 2334: 2327: 2314: 2279: 2273: 2260: 2231: 2217: 2211: 2198: 2179: 2172: 2159: 2147:. Retrieved 2143: 2133: 2102: 2073: 2061:. Retrieved 2057:the original 2047: 2034: 2022:. Retrieved 2018:the original 1981: 1970:. Retrieved 1967:sunasusa.com 1966: 1956: 1948: 1944: 1938: 1917: 1907: 1872: 1866: 1848: 1777:LGBTQ portal 1753: 1744:Bette Midler 1741: 1711:Edmund White 1706:Edmund White 1637:Edmund White 1630: 1606:in New York. 1524: 1510: 1499:Kaiserbründl 1459: 1442: 1425: 1416:Randy Shilts 1405: 1401:lewd conduct 1362: 1334: 1319: 1295:Indianapolis 1273:, San Jose, 1259:Philadelphia 1249:As of 2013, 1248: 1179:strip search 1131:Legal issues 1118: 1099: 1091: 1088:Prostitution 1081:crystal meth 1078: 1074:crystal meth 1054: 1041: 1037: 1029:latex gloves 1013: 1006: 991: 969: 954: 949: 934: 929: 918: 914: 911: 879: 852: 848: 840: 825:elastic band 809: 783: 780: 769: 763: 753: 745: 728:heart attack 723: 717: 704: 689:rainbow flag 685: 671: 654: 634: 630: 626:heterosexual 609: 607: 599: 596: 589: 537: 522: 495: 457: 441:Thanksgiving 433: 422: 414:Logan Circle 394: 385: 384: 372: 348: 341:Gay New York 339: 328: 316: 303:precisionist 301:). American 290: 286: 280: 227:1492 Granada 221: 164: 156: 135: 117:prostitution 106: 91: 80: 55: 51: 47: 45: 4806:Gay culture 4779:27 December 4734:22 December 4706:27 December 4661:since 1999. 4651:29 December 4574:Sexualities 4058:, Rizzoli, 3467:23 December 3436:23 December 3405:23 December 3340:23 December 3297:26 December 3272:Sky Gilbert 2911:26 December 2605:Irish Times 2423:January 24, 2402:25 May 2011 2307:Kaiser 1997 2149:22 December 2126:Miller 1995 2024:23 December 1669:Harvey Milk 1664:Harvey Milk 1546:Gay author 1474:in Vienna. 1472:Kaiserbründ 1420:court order 1410:caused the 1337:police raid 1251:Los Angeles 1123:Mexico City 1079:The use of 1045:HIV testing 1033:lubrication 902:reflexology 882:pornography 853:Orgy rooms 813:fetish-wear 791:glory holes 713:Collingwood 603:intoxicated 360:Rock Hudson 94:steam baths 60:public bath 4821:Casual sex 4795:Categories 4521:0896085503 4429:0868064203 4391:1555837905 4384:, Alyson, 4329:0912516445 4289:0226551911 4268:1555838707 4230:067453087X 4210:0395657814 4165:0415158982 4145:0226907848 4124:3861874261 4085:1558621474 4065:084782134X 4047:0465026214 3955:References 3793:0002552671 3713:2023-01-08 3688:2023-01-08 3619:Police in 3601:Pink Paper 3541:2016-09-10 3519:8 November 3509:Daily News 3489:2013-12-04 3149:22 October 3097:0674577620 3070:25 October 3040:21 October 2858:: 75–112, 2788:25 October 2710:089608549X 2683:1560233192 2383:Prior 2004 2227:0786718536 2108:Stein 2004 2079:Higgs 1999 2063:January 1, 2040:Rocke 1998 1972:2024-06-27 1891:2007020796 1804:Public sex 1725:Gore Vidal 1720:Gore Vidal 1673:supervisor 1583:footballer 1569:Lee Miglin 1521:bastuklubb 1393:Polk Gulch 1365:California 1359:California 1330:gay rights 1119:masajistas 894:toiletries 890:lubricants 817:flip flops 795:Club Baths 736:gay sexual 697:television 642:Club Baths 556:homophobic 548:Manchester 506:Kensington 425:vice raids 375:Bermondsey 241:1876 Paris 230:After the 4811:Group sex 4753:0950-6101 4745:Gay Times 4686:6 January 4610:145295211 4602:209395217 4594:1363-4607 4476:193084496 4468:1369-1058 3769:Gay Times 3661:RFSL.se: 3030:Pink News 2888:145267264 2880:193662400 2872:0163-9625 2637:Bell 1979 2522:The Times 2502:0950-6101 2494:Gay Times 2476:0950-6101 2468:Gay Times 2448:0950-6101 2440:Gay Times 2290:0950-6101 2281:Gay Times 1926:0458-3035 1899:894526708 1858:Footnotes 1709:Novelist 1701:Ned Rorem 1696:Ned Rorem 1691:Mineshaft 1604:Mineshaft 1452:in 1997. 1446:Guangzhou 1287:Las Vegas 1275:Cleveland 1094:rent boys 1058:marijuana 1009:sex clubs 908:Etiquette 837:(Chicago) 760:lubricant 749:steambath 724:Incognito 693:gay press 678:"Peter", 650:voyeurism 544:Streatham 510:Melbourne 445:Christmas 437:Pride Day 396:Gay Times 260:pederasty 178:. In the 87:Hawks PDX 72:gay slang 52:gay sauna 4566:60325466 4543:61019244 4499:citation 4492:26423800 4484:21972830 4438:Refereed 3942:July 20, 3811:Archived 3268:Canadian 2962:, Sydney 2830:Archived 2620:Time Out 1930:Archived 1829:Sex club 1763:See also 1675:in 1975. 1635:(1978). 1433:San Jose 1429:Berkeley 1279:Portland 1271:Berkeley 1234:Hamilton 1115:— 1021:safe sex 959:— 939:— 925:fellatio 886:sex toys 873:— 774:— 676:— 622:closeted 618:bisexual 592:come out 518:Adelaide 391:— 333:— 305:painter 289:and the 204:Florence 184:cruising 113:brothels 98:hot tubs 70:men. In 68:bisexual 4659:Houston 4236:5 March 3832:Everard 3584:7 April 3562:7 April 3371:10 July 3253:10 July 3199:10 July 3103:10 July 3010:10 July 2984:10 July 2940:10 July 2758:10 July 2538:Queerty 2399:The Age 2284:(152). 1742:Singer 1685:dancer 1683:Russian 1658:gay men 1646:Russian 1517:Swedish 1511:During 1468:Hanover 1303:Houston 1291:Detroit 1267:Seattle 1263:Atlanta 1255:Chicago 1224:margin. 1191:Calgary 1158:Ontario 1154:Toronto 1070:cocaine 1066:ecstasy 1062:poppers 1025:condoms 898:massage 860:Chicago 821:sandals 756:condoms 720:Ireland 540:Britain 283:Everard 250:on the 123:History 83:lesbian 58:, is a 4751: 4608: 4600: 4592: 4564: 4541: 4519: 4490: 4482: 4474: 4466: 4426: 4408: 4388: 4368: 4348: 4326: 4306: 4286: 4266: 4255: 4227: 4207: 4187: 4162: 4142: 4121: 4103: 4082: 4062: 4044: 4017: 3997: 3977: 3790: 3735: 3094: 2886: 2878: 2870: 2707: 2680: 2565: 2500: 2474: 2446: 2342: 2288: 2224: 2187: 1924: 1897: 1889: 1879: 1507:Sweden 1307:Denver 1299:Dallas 1136:Canada 1110: 1103: 1072:, and 1031:, and 936:other. 892:, and 771:group. 667:, 2006 665:Prague 624:or in 525:saunas 498:Sydney 492:, 2008 490:Munich 466:, the 344:, 1995 297:& 217:casini 161:, 1600 4606:S2CID 4488:S2CID 3961:Books 3707:QX.se 3682:QX.se 3621:China 3143:Wired 2884:S2CID 2234:crabs 1450:China 1439:China 1367:the " 1341:Texas 1311:Miami 787:mazes 356:Lyons 208:Italy 109:adult 76:sauna 54:or a 4781:2006 4749:ISSN 4736:2006 4708:2006 4688:2007 4653:2006 4598:OCLC 4590:ISSN 4562:OCLC 4539:OCLC 4517:ISBN 4505:link 4480:PMID 4472:OCLC 4464:ISSN 4424:ISBN 4406:ISBN 4386:ISBN 4366:ISBN 4346:ISBN 4324:ISBN 4304:ISBN 4284:ISBN 4264:ISBN 4253:ISBN 4238:2009 4225:ISBN 4205:ISBN 4185:ISBN 4160:ISBN 4140:ISBN 4119:ISBN 4101:ISBN 4080:ISBN 4060:ISBN 4042:ISBN 4015:ISBN 3995:ISBN 3975:ISBN 3944:2019 3914:2004 3788:ISBN 3733:ISBN 3586:2008 3564:2008 3521:2007 3469:2006 3438:2006 3407:2006 3373:2008 3342:2006 3299:2006 3255:2008 3201:2008 3151:2009 3105:2008 3092:ISBN 3072:2009 3042:2009 3012:2008 2986:2008 2942:2008 2913:2006 2876:OCLC 2868:ISSN 2790:2009 2760:2008 2705:ISBN 2678:ISBN 2563:ISBN 2498:ISSN 2472:ISSN 2444:ISSN 2425:2023 2340:ISBN 2286:ISSN 2222:ISBN 2185:ISBN 2151:2006 2065:2019 2026:2006 1922:ISSN 1895:OCLC 1887:LCCN 1877:ISBN 1681:The 1571:and 1532:RSFL 1470:and 1431:and 1381:BDSM 1373:SOMA 1313:and 1283:Reno 900:and 758:and 648:and 531:and 523:Gay 443:and 323:YMCA 180:West 66:and 4582:doi 4456:doi 2860:doi 1486:in 1363:In 1347:or 1106:... 1101:not 1002:HIV 868:... 855:... 819:or 610:for 562:in 538:In 295:Ira 202:In 172:BCE 64:gay 4797:: 4722:. 4710:. 4690:. 4674:. 4655:. 4639:. 4627:, 4604:. 4596:. 4588:. 4578:10 4576:. 4537:, 4501:}} 4497:{{ 4486:, 4478:, 4470:, 4462:, 4450:, 4340:, 4023:, 3930:. 3852:^ 3752:. 3722:^ 3705:. 3680:. 3507:. 3455:. 3424:. 3393:. 3381:^ 3359:. 3328:. 3285:. 3241:. 3229:^ 3179:^ 3153:. 3141:. 3122:. 3058:, 3028:. 3003:. 2915:. 2904:. 2882:, 2874:, 2866:, 2856:23 2854:, 2850:, 2776:, 2644:^ 2622:. 2576:^ 2519:. 2478:. 2415:. 2348:, 2298:^ 2244:^ 2230:, 2142:. 2115:^ 2086:^ 1994:^ 1965:. 1947:. 1928:. 1920:. 1916:. 1893:. 1885:. 1717:). 1519:: 1435:. 1309:, 1305:, 1301:, 1297:, 1293:, 1289:, 1285:, 1281:, 1277:, 1269:, 1265:, 1261:, 1257:, 1253:, 1156:, 1068:, 1064:, 1060:, 1027:, 904:. 888:, 884:, 715:. 711:, 594:. 574:. 488:, 431:. 362:. 338:, 262:". 206:, 155:, 140:c. 138:, 134:, 96:, 46:A 4783:. 4755:. 4738:. 4612:. 4584:: 4507:) 4458:: 4452:6 4270:) 4240:. 4127:. 4088:. 3946:. 3916:. 3872:) 3868:( 3796:. 3756:. 3716:. 3691:. 3588:. 3566:. 3544:. 3523:. 3492:. 3471:. 3440:. 3409:. 3375:. 3344:. 3301:. 3257:. 3203:. 3170:( 3126:. 3107:. 3044:. 3014:. 2988:. 2944:. 2862:: 2813:( 2762:. 2713:. 2686:. 2660:. 2635:( 2545:. 2504:. 2450:. 2427:. 2381:( 2322:) 2318:( 2309:) 2305:( 2292:. 2268:" 2264:" 2255:) 2251:( 2239:. 2206:) 2202:( 2167:) 2163:( 2153:. 2124:( 2106:( 2097:) 2093:( 2077:( 2067:. 2038:( 2028:. 1989:) 1985:( 1975:. 1901:. 1693:. 1592:. 1554:. 1218:. 1181:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index