676:
379:
589:
1028:
116:
forwards through ducts to preheat the incoming air. The turbine drives the compressor through gearing and an external shaft. There is additional gearing to a jackshaft which drives the wheels through side rods. The fuel is solid (presumably coal, coke or wood) and there is a fuel bunker at the rear. There is no evidence that the locomotive was actually built but the design includes the essential features of gas turbine locomotives built in the 20th century, including compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and air pre-heater.
929:
31:
981:
161:
812:
46:
504:
466:
103:, unlike a piston engine, which has a comparatively flat power curve. This makes GTEL systems useful primarily for long-distance high-speed runs. Additional problems with gas turbine-electric locomotives include the fact that they are very noisy and produce such extremely hot exhaust gasses that, if the locomotive were parked under an overpass paved with asphalt, it could melt the asphalt.
660:, also using the B-B-B-B wheel arrangement. The locomotive used two 2,000 hp (1,500 kW) turbine engines, was equipped for passenger train heating with a steam generator that utilized the waste exhaust heat of the right hand turbine, and was geared for 100 miles per hour (160 km/h). While it was demonstrated successfully in both freight and passenger service on the
913:
870:. Like the G1 locomotive, it was intended to consist of two sections of a C-C wheel arrangement, but only one section was built. This section was equipped with four free piston gas generators and gas turbine with a maximum power output of 2,200 kW (3,000 hp), and a hydraulic transmission. Unlike other locomotives, it was not in regular service.
1019:
essentially disappeared, being superseded by the
Bombardier Zefiro line of conventionally powered high speed and very high speed trains. The JetTrain no longer appears on any of Bombardier's current web sites or promotional materials, although it can still be found on older web sites bearing the Canadair logos.
1188:
Turbine circuit. Air entered the compressor and was compressed. The compressed air passed to the heat exchanger where it was heated by the combustion gases. The heated compressed air drove two turbines; one to drive the compressor and the other to power the locomotive. The turbine exhaust (which
1242:
The transmission was to be mechanical, via a two-speed gearbox, giving a high speed for passenger working and a lower speed for freight. The tractive effort figures, quoted above, look suspiciously high for the specified speeds. It seems more likely that the figures quoted are for starting tractive
640:
types. All were widely used on long-haul routes, and were cost-effective despite their poor fuel economy, due to their use of "leftover" fuels from the petroleum industry. At their height the railroad estimated that they powered about 10% of Union
Pacific's freight trains, a much wider use than any
1184:
Combustion circuit. Pulverized coal and air were mixed and burned in a combustion chamber and the hot gases passed to a heat exchanger where heat was transferred to the compressed air in the turbine circuit. After leaving the heat exchanger the combustion gases entered a boiler to generate steam
127:
in the 1920s but the first locomotive did not appear until the 1940s. High fuel consumption was a major factor in the decline of conventional gas-turbine locomotives and the use of a piston engine as a gas generator would probably give better fuel economy than a turbine-type compressor, especially
843:
and low speed traction, with the turbine not being started until after leaving stations. The prototype was completed in June 2000, and safety testing was done at the FRA's Pueblo, CO test track beginning in the summer of 2001. A maximum speed of 156 miles per hour (251 km/h) was reached. The
948:
wheel arrangement, and up to three GT1 locomotives can be coupled together. On 23 January 2009, the GT1-001 conducted a test run with a 159-car train weighing 15,000 metric tons (14,800 long tons; 16,500 short tons); further heavy-haul tests were carried out in
December 2010. In a test run
115:
wheel arrangement with a cylindrical casing resembling a boiler. At the front of the casing is the compressor, which
Mennons calls a ventilator. This supplies air to a firebox and the hot gases from the firebox drive a turbine at the back of the casing. The exhaust from the turbine then travels
1018:
turboshaft engine. Proposals were made to use the trains for Quebec City–Windsor, Orlando–Miami, and in
Alberta, Texas, Nevada and the UK. One prototype was built and tested, but no JetTrains have yet been sold for service. However, nothing ever came of any of these proposals, and the JetTrain
807:
cars in appearance, with the addition of step wells for loading from low level platforms. The cars suffered from poor fuel economy and mechanical problems, and were withdrawn from service after a short period of time. The four GE-powered cars were converted to M1 EMUs and the
Garrett cars were
220:. It had a vertical, five cylinder, two-stroke diesel engine with opposed pistons. There was a single crankshaft connected to both upper and lower pistons. The exhaust from the diesel engine powered the gas turbine which drove the wheels through reduction gearing, jack shaft and side rods.
949:
conducted in
September 2011, the locomotive pulled 170 freight cars weighing 16,000 metric tons (15,700 long tons; 17,600 short tons). In 2012, the helper diesel engine used for shunting operations was replaced with an accumulator, and the locomotive was renamed to GT1h (where 'h' stands for
1120:
locomotive to the project. However, the project was abandoned by the end of 1947 and there is no clear evidence that the locomotive provided for the experiment ever actually moved under gas turbine power or even had it installed. Details of the research were passed to
Britain's
943:
in 2006 and introduced in 2007, runs on LNG and has a maximum power output of 8,300 kW (11,100 hp). One section carries the LNG tank and the other houses the turbine with electric power generation, and both sections have traction motors and cabs. The locomotive has a
863:, also with a C-C wheel arrangement, introduced to the test program in 1964. Two units were built by Kolomna Works, GP1-0001 and GP1-0002, which were also used in regular service with passenger trains. Both types had a maximum power output of 2,600 kW (3,500 hp).
193:. It had no crankshaft and the pistons were returned after each power stroke by compression and expansion of air in a separate cylinder. The exhaust from the diesel engine powered the gas-turbine which drove the wheels through a two-speed gearbox and propeller shafts. The
1129:
the coal-fired gas turbine idea in the early 1960s, producing one prototype coal GTEL in
October 1962. The problems with blade fouling and erosion were severe. The project was declared a failure after 20 months, during which time the locomotive ran less than 10,000 miles.
441:
operated the largest fleet of such locomotives of any railroad in the world, and was the only railroad to use them for hauling freight. Most other GTELs have been built for small passenger trains, and only a few have seen any real success in that role. With a rise in
1097:. The main problem was to avoid erosion of the turbine blades by particles of ash. Only one working example is known to have been produced and it was written off as a failure following testing. The sources for the following information are Robertson and Sampson.
915:
920:
918:
914:
919:
635:
UP ran a fleet of 55 turbine-powered freight locomotives starting in the early 1950s, all produced by Alco-GE. The first- and second-generation versions shared the same wheel arrangement as the prototype; the third-generation version were
151:
to deliver the power output of gas turbines to the wheels. Owing to the difference in their speeds, this is technically challenging and so a mechanical transmission did not appear until ten years after the first electric transmissions.
917:
1059:, was powered by a gas turbine, but steep oil prices prompted the change to overhead electric lines for power delivery. However, two large classes of gas-turbine powered intercity railcars were constructed in the early 1970s (
450:), gas turbine locomotives became uneconomical to operate, and many were taken out of service. Union Pacific's locomotives also required more maintenance than originally anticipated, due to fouling of the turbine blades by the
279:
Although the experiments had mixed results, these were the most powerful locomotives with a purely mechanical powertrain in the world and also the most powerful independent-traction locomotives in
Czechoslovakia.
259:
The second prototype (TL 659.002) was built with lessons learned from the first. It left the factory in March 1960 and was the only turbine locomotive to pass the tests for regular service on tracks of the former
72:. Several types of gas turbine locomotive have been developed, differing mainly in the means by which mechanical power is conveyed to the driving wheels (drivers). A gas turbine train typically consists of two
735:(or RTL) to its roster. There were plans to rebuild these as RTL IIIs, but this program was cancelled. The units owned by New York State were sold for scrap and the three remaining RTL trainsets are stored at
255:
line. On 15 May 1959, the first prototype pulled its heaviest train, 6,486 t (7,150 short tons), but the turbine caught fire only a day later. The engine was never restored and eventually scrapped.
95:
is much higher. A turbine of a given power output is also physically smaller than an equally powerful piston engine, so that a locomotive can be extremely powerful without needing to be inordinately large.
1689:
1359:
1113:
partnership launched an attempt to adapt the Northrop Turbodyne aircraft engine for locomotive use, with coal dust rather than kerosene as a fuel. In December 1946, Union Pacific donated their retired
827:(FRA) solicited proposals to develop high speed locomotives for routes outside the Northeast Corridor where electrification was not economical. Bombardier Ltd, at the Plattsburg, N.Y. plant where the
885:(LNG) and has a maximum power output of 1,000 kW (1,300 hp). The GEM-10 has a C-C wheel arrangement. The TGEM10-0001, which uses the same turbine and fuel as the GEM-10, is a two-unit (
675:
491:
was the world's first gas turbine-electric locomotive. It was intended primarily to work light, fast, passenger trains on routes that normally handle insufficient traffic to justify
916:
852:
Two gas turbine-electric locomotive types underwent testing in the Soviet Union. The test program began in 1959 and lasted into the early 1970s. The G1-01 freight GTEL, produced by
731:
safety regulations made them heavier and slower than the French trains. None of the first-type Turboliners remain in service. Amtrak also added a number of similarly named Rohr
232:. Two turbine-powered prototypes were built, designated TL 659.001 and TL 659.002, featuring C-C wheel arrangement, 3,200 hp (2.4 MW) main turbine, helper turbine and
1337:
1168:
Robertson shows a diagram that confirms Sampson's information but also refers to problems with erosion of turbine blades by ash. This is strange because, with a conventional
856:, was intended to consist of two locomotives of a C-C wheel arrangement, but only one section was built. The GP1 passenger locomotive was a similar design with body of
968:
electric locomotive. This serial type has a maximum power output of 8,500 kW (11,400 hp). Both GT1h locomotives are in operation in Egorshino in the
111:
A gas turbine locomotive was patented in 1861 by Marc Antoine Francois Mennons (British patent no. 1633). The drawings in Mennons' patent show a locomotive of
1763:
427:. The electric current is distributed to power the traction motors that drive the locomotive. In overall terms the system is very similar to a conventional
909:, so its traction motors are powered by the main section. The turbine of this locomotive also has a maximum power output of 1,000 kW (1,300 hp).
292:
was a simple machine consisting essentially of a standard oil-fired gas turbine mounted on a standard steam locomotive chassis, built as a demonstrator by
17:
542:
and delivered in 1951. It had an aircraft-type gas turbine of 2.2 MW (3,000 hp). Its maximum speed was 90 miles per hour (140 km/h).
1085:
at each end with three cars between them. Turbotrain was in use up until 2005. After retirement, four sets were sold for further use in Iran.
1161:. Here, the heat would be transferred to a separate body of compressed air which would power the turbine. Essentially, it would have been a
711:. The Via remained in service into the 1980s and had an excellent maintenance record during this period, but was eventually replaced by the
1531:
956:
The GT1h-001's successor is the GT1h-002. Despite the same type designation, this locomotive has a fundamentally different design with a
2081:
576:, the turbine supplier, ceased production of the model used in the APT-E, having lost interest in gas turbine technology following the
839:
gas turbine and a diesel engine with a single gearbox powering four traction motors identical to those in Acela. The diesel provided
1265:
692:
641:
other example of this class. As other uses were found for these heavier petroleum byproducts, notably for plastics, the cost of the
1345:
1784:
1093:
In the 1940s and 1950s research was conducted, in both the US and UK, aimed at building gas turbine locomotives that could run on
857:
243:. However, this was aborted because it was not ready in time. The first out-of-factory tests were conducted in March 1959 on the
2118:
2086:
1978:
1820:
965:
961:
532:
and delivered in 1949. It was a 1840 kW (2470 hp) GTEL, ordered by the GWR and used for express passenger services.
296:
in 1961. Its almost crude simplicity enabled it to avoid much of the unreliability which had plagued the complex experimental
1138:
On 23 December 1952, the UK Ministry of Fuel and Power placed an order for a coal-fired gas turbine locomotive to be used on
2029:
1785:"Development and production of the world's first main line freight gas turbine locomotive running on liquified natural gas"
1126:
1122:
179:
as a gas generator. It was followed by two further locomotives, Class 060-GA-1 of 2,400 hp (1.8 MW) in 1959–61.
1507:
1467:
1384:
784:
In 1977, the LIRR tested eight more gas turbine-electric/electric dual mode railcars, in an experiment sponsored by the
1919:
1560:
792:-designed powertrains, while the other four had powertrains designed by Garrett (four more cars had been ordered with
168:
The first gas turbine-mechanical locomotive in the world, Class 040-GA-1 of 1,000 hp (0.75 MW) was built by
1684:[Vyacheslav Filin: "A gas turbine locomotive is the most environmentally friendly locomotive in the world"].
669:
2110:
2137:
1870:
1143:
2094:
2076:
1983:
836:
824:
728:
297:
1243:
effort and maximum speed in high gear and low gear respectively. There is a model of the proposed locomotive at
1078:
492:
1825:
1768:
1169:
844:
prototype was then taken on a tour of potential sites for high speed service, but no service has yet begun.
653:
645:
fuel increased until the units became too expensive to operate and they were retired from service by 1969.
428:
1852:
999:. They operated on the major Toronto–Montreal route between 1968 and 1982, when they were replaced by the
819:
locomotive toured North America in an attempt to raise the technology's public profile in the early 2000s.
1244:
866:
Another soviet gas turbine-hydraulic freight locomotive type GT101 was developed and produced in 1960 by
736:
387:
261:
2142:
988:
378:
327:
252:
1414:
1153:
According to Sampson, the plan was to use indirect heating. The pulverized coal would be burned in a
588:
1147:
1007:
684:
622:
39:
2052:
The Parsons - North British Coal Burning Gas Turbine Locomotives - Talk at the London Science Museum
239:
The first prototype (TL 659.001) was finished in February 1958 and was scheduled to be exhibited at
135:, with separate turbines to drive the compressor and the output shaft. Another is to use a separate
1652:
906:
853:
649:
565:
554:
205:
65:
1973:
307:
in earlier years, but it failed to be competitive against conventional traction and was scrapped.
1958:
1248:
1110:
637:
488:
474:
132:
1576:
1027:
656:
completed an experimental 4,000 hp (3,000 kW) turbine locomotive, #4000, known as the
273:
173:
1367:
1180:
There were two separate, but linked, circuits: the combustion circuit and the turbine circuit.
902:
804:
797:
740:
480:
1710:
964:
diesel shunting locomotive, and the new body with open LNG tank, derived from the body of the
1487:
Hughes, J.O.P. (14 December 1961). "The Design and Development of a Gas Turbine Locomotive".
882:
766:
747:
700:
661:
515:
92:
487:. It was completed in 1941, and then underwent testing before entering regular service. The
1106:
539:
198:
77:
1733:
8:
1963:
1936:
1286:
940:
601:
1795:
1154:
1125:. Following a rise in fuel prices that was making their oil-fired GTELS uneconomic, UP
1015:
759:
632:, who were seeking a more powerful alternative to diesel for transcontinental trains.
561:
535:
525:
507:
401:
304:
300:
272:
with mixed results. This engine was taken out of service in April 1966 and sold to the
194:
176:
1014:, a high-speed trainset consisting of tilting carriages and a locomotive powered by a
514:
Two gas turbine locomotives of different design, 18000 and 18100, were ordered by the
2015:
2007:
1915:
1911:
1556:
1449:
1441:
1418:
1064:
860:
724:
625:
593:
572:, later models used an alternative electric powertrain. This choice was made because
529:
484:
416:, but reached its peak in the 1950s to 1960s. Few locomotives use this system today.
2071:
1968:
2038:
2000:
Allen, Geoffrey Freeman (February–March 1982). "The rise and fall of the turbine".
1681:
1139:
874:
550:
546:
519:
413:
366:
293:
289:
100:
182:
The Pescara gas generator in 040-GA-1 consisted of a horizontal, single cylinder,
2002:
1843:[Gas turbine carrier set a new world record in Shcherbinka near Moscow].
1472:
1360:"A new or improved construction of caloric engines: GB186101633 (A) ― 1861-12-18"
1094:
894:
867:
770:
577:
573:
483:
ordered a GTEL with a 1,620 kW (2,170 hp) of maximum engine power from
447:
432:
99:
However, a gas turbine's power output and efficiency both drop dramatically with
49:
UP 18, a gas turbine-electric locomotive preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum
2067:
Photos of Union Pacific turbine locomotives, including coal fired turbine no. 80
1260:
1162:
992:
928:
840:
793:
605:
409:
229:
190:
2102:
2066:
1073:(French National Railways) used a number of gas-turbine trainsets, called the
980:
431:, with the large diesel engine replaced with a smaller gas turbine of similar
359:
30:
2131:
2011:
1880:(in Russian). Institute of Natural Monopolies. pp. 38–41. Archived from
1794:(in Russian). Institute of Natural Monopolies. pp. 38–41. Archived from
1538:
1453:
1445:
1392:
1044:
969:
898:
696:
629:
438:
331:
186:
136:
84:
35:
2019:
1627:
1602:
621:
built a prototype oil-fired gas turbine-electric locomotive in 1948, with a
1311:
1189:
was hot air) then entered the combustion chamber to support the combustion.
950:
801:
763:
665:
2042:
1158:
1117:
1000:
712:
397:
240:
88:
69:
1881:
1422:
1074:
1060:
1032:
778:
732:
720:
680:
609:
420:
405:
393:
183:
160:
61:
811:
345:
217:
1198:
The locomotive was never built but the specification was as follows:
1082:
1040:
953:). The GT1h-001 remained a prototype and never went into production.
454:
233:
119:
Work leading to the emergence of the gas turbine locomotive began in
73:
1841:"Газотурбовоз поставил новый мировой рекорд в подмосковной Щербинке"
164:
Diagram of a free-piston engine as a gas generator for a gas turbine
1036:
1011:
996:
886:
878:
832:
816:
800:
powertrains, but were canceled). These cars were similar to LIRR's
716:
708:
642:
613:
451:
423:
engine drives the electric generator or alternator via a system of
45:
723:. The sets of the first type were similar in appearance to SNCF's
269:
265:
244:
2027:
Duffy, M. C. (1998–1999). "The Gas Turbine in Railway Traction".
1114:
1056:
751:
715:
in 1982. Amtrak purchased two different types of turbine-powered
618:
412:. This type of locomotive was first experimented with during the
352:
338:
169:
148:
58:
1782:
1440:. No. 41. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 104–108.
503:
228:
Turbine power was considered for railway traction in the former
1840:
704:
276:
as an educational instrument. It was scrapped some time later.
124:
120:
34:
A 44-ton 1-B-1 experimental gas turbine locomotive designed by
2082:
Illustrated Encyclopedia of World Railway Locomotives – Am 4/6
1764:"Experimental gas turbine locomotive undertakes haulage tests"
1172:, there would be no risk of ash entering the turbine circuit.
672:, no production orders followed, and it was scrapped in 1953.
828:
785:
465:
320:
112:
76:(one at each end of the train), and one or more intermediate
1219:
30,000 lbf (130 kN) at 72 mph (116 km/h)
2026:
1848:
1682:"Газотурбовоз – самый экологически чистый в мире локомотив"
1436:
Green-Hughes, Evan (November 2010). "Gas Turbine Concept".
1222:
45,000 lbf (200 kN) at 50 mph (80 km/h)
1070:
937:
443:
424:
248:
557:
locomotives, this used a turbine-mechanical transmission.
1713:[Experimental gas-turbine locomotive GT101. USSR]
1052:
569:
789:
769:
design, with transmissions similar to Budd's 1950s-era
408:, producing an electric current which is used to power
1537:, July 1949, cutaway drawing of development by GE for
204:
Several similar locomotives were built in the USSR by
87:. There are few moving parts, decreasing the need for
1555:(1st ed.). T. Lee Publications. pp. 48–49.
1476:. Vol. 160, no. 4. April 1952. p. 131.
330:, 1-B-1, United States, 300 hp (220 kW) (designed by
362:, C-C, Czechoslovakia, 3,200 hp (2,400 kW)
91:
and potentially reducing maintenance costs, and the
419:A GTEL uses a turbo-electric drivetrain in which a
1202:Wheel arrangement: C-C, later changed to 1A1A-A1A1
592:First generation GTEL and a 1923 electric auto in
1871:"Gas-turbine locomotive on liquefied natural gas"
1736:[Switcher gas-turbine locomotive TGEM10]
2129:
315:Examples of gas turbine-mechanical locomotives:
139:, which may be of either rotary or piston type.
1508:"Rail projects : When BL met BR – The APT"
553:, who had pioneered electric transmission with
518:(GWR) but completed for the newly nationalised
469:1942 publicity photo of Am 4/6 number 1101
1675:
1673:
1067:) and were used extensively up to about 2000.
628:. After demonstration runs it was acquired by
392:A gas turbine-electric locomotive (GTEL) is a
2103:Swiss homepage about free piston gas turbines
2006:. EMAP National Publications. pp. 6–11.
1868:
1731:
1208:Weight: 117 tons, later increased to 150 tons
549:, was constructed in 1961. Although built by
1435:
1379:
1377:
1284:
984:The Turbo Train at Kingston, Ontario, Canada
382:Diagram of a gas turbine-electric locomotive
355:, France, C-C, 2,000 hp (1,500 kW)
348:, Sweden, 1-C-1, 1,300 hp (970 kW)
83:A gas turbine offers some advantages over a
1864:
1862:
1670:
1934:
1081:territory. These typically consisted of a
341:, France, B-B, 1,000 hp (750 kW)
38:and built in 1952 for testing by the U.S.
1905:
1783:David Kirzhner, Vladimir Rudenko (2008).
1374:
1335:
1266:Combined cycle powered railway locomotive
1205:Horsepower: 1,800, later reduced to 1,500
1142:. The locomotive was to be built by the
936:The GT1-001 freight GTEL, rebuilt from a
762:turbine engines. This car was based on a
699:passenger train, which was tested by the
147:Gas turbine-mechanical locomotives use a
142:
1979:Locomotive Engineers Journal; July, 1949
1859:
1776:
1679:
1026:
979:
927:
911:
810:
777:) to add the ability to run on electric
674:
587:
502:
464:
377:
159:
44:
29:
2119:Diagram of a Renault/Pescara locomotive
1411:The Dumpy Book of Railways of the World
1408:
1404:
1402:
568:, was turbine-powered. Like the French
373:
14:
2130:
2049:
1984:GT1-001 – the 23 January 2009 test run
1908:The Great Western Railway Gas Turbines
1855:from the original on 10 December 2017.
1725:
1505:
1486:
216:The power gas locomotive was built by
2077:Swiss gas turbine-electric locomotive
1999:
1703:
1385:"History of free piston gas turbines"
1165:using a turbine instead of a piston.
1146:and the turbine would be supplied by
991:(CN) was one of the operators of the
897:of this locomotive is used as a fuel
831:was produced, developed a prototype (
128:when running at less than full load.
106:
2030:Transactions of the Newcomen Society
1974:Union Pacific story 1934–1982 part 3
1399:
1123:London, Midland and Scottish Railway
960:wheel arrangement, derived from the
369:, 2'C, 2,700 hp (2,000 kW)
1550:
1336:Schneider, David (16 August 2012).
1133:
750:tested an experimental gas turbine
727:Turbotrain, though compliance with
498:
24:
1993:
1711:"Опытный газотурбовоз ГТ101. СССР"
1680:Вячеслав, Филин (22 August 2016).
1100:
25:
2154:
2059:
1821:"Gas turbine in heavy haul tests"
1247:and some records are held at the
773:. The car was later modified (as
446:costs (eventually leading to the
283:
223:
1937:"UP's M-10002 At Northrop-Hendy"
1734:"Маневровый газотурбовоз ТГЭМ10"
1577:"Amtrak By the Numbers: Updates"
1506:Humble, Mike (11 January 2012).
1312:"Gas Turbine Locomotives, GTELs"
1144:North British Locomotive Company
837:Pratt & Whitney Canada PW100
583:
2087:Shunting gas turbine locomotive
1928:
1899:
1833:
1813:
1756:
1645:
1620:
1595:
1569:
1551:Lee, Thos. R. (December 1975).
1544:
1525:
1499:
1468:"Turbine Speeds British Trains"
825:Federal Railroad Administration
18:Gas turbine–electric locomotive
2050:Bolter, J.R. (12 April 1995).
1906:Robertson, Kevin (June 1988).
1480:
1460:
1429:
1352:
1329:
1304:
1278:
1157:and the hot gases passed to a
1088:
460:
13:
1:
1826:Railway Gazette International
1769:Railway Gazette International
1752:– via rostransport.com.
1489:J. Inst. Locomotive Engineers
1271:
1170:shell and tube heat exchanger
1959:UP: Gas Turbine Locomotives
1935:Don Strack (22 April 2014).
1744:(in Russian). pp. 18–19
1495:(286): 180–220. Paper Nº633.
1409:Sampson, Henry, ed. (1956).
1010:announced the launch of the
7:
1969:Gas turbines FAQ – NE Rails
1254:
1245:Glasgow Museum of Transport
1022:
924:GT1h-001 during a test ride
737:North Brunswick, New Jersey
388:Turbine-electric powertrain
310:
262:Czechoslovak State Railways
10:
2159:
1964:Gas Turbine locomotive FAQ
1951:
1212:The projected output was:
995:, which were passed on to
989:Canadian National Railways
905:(CNG) and does not have a
881:GTEL. The turbine runs on
815:Bombardier's experimental
599:
472:
385:
27:Type of railway locomotive
1148:C. A. Parsons and Company
1008:Bombardier Transportation
975:
847:
788:. Four of these cars had
719:, which were both called
211:
155:
40:Army Transportation Corps
1532:"Gas Turbine Locomotive"
1342:We Are The Practitioners
1338:"Rails and Gas Turbines"
868:Luhansk Locomotive Works
854:Kolomna Locomotive Works
685:Union Station, St. Louis
566:Advanced Passenger Train
545:A third locomotive, the
206:Kharkov Locomotive Works
197:was patented in 1934 by
2138:Gas turbine locomotives
1653:"The LIRR 'Extra' list"
1249:National Railway Museum
958:(B-B)-(B-B)+(B-B)-(B-B)
893:wheel arrangement. The
889:) switcher GTEL with a
564:, the prototype of the
328:Davenport-Bessler Corp.
236:helper diesel engine.
149:mechanical transmission
2072:British Railways 18000
1869:Valery Kossov (2016).
1732:Valery Kossov (2007).
1368:European Patent Office
1127:experimentally revived
1048:
985:
933:
925:
903:compressed natural gas
877:introduced the GEM-10
820:
741:New Haven, Connecticut
688:
597:
511:
481:Swiss Federal Railways
470:
383:
165:
143:Gas turbine-mechanical
55:gas turbine locomotive
50:
42:
1628:"Showing Image 10670"
1603:"Showing Image 42662"
1287:"Gas Turbine Engines"
1030:
983:
931:
923:
883:liquefied natural gas
814:
748:Long Island Rail Road
701:Pennsylvania Railroad
678:
600:Further information:
591:
516:Great Western Railway
506:
473:Further information:
468:
381:
163:
93:power-to-weight ratio
48:
33:
2043:10.1179/tns.1998.002
1851:. 7 September 2011.
1348:on 19 November 2013.
1227:Thermal efficiency,
540:Metropolitan-Vickers
374:Gas turbine-electric
274:University of Žilina
264:. It was tried near
199:Raul Pateras Pescara
2111:Gotaverken Motor AB
2054:. Newcomen Society.
1829:. 22 December 2010.
1742:Transport of Russia
1016:Pratt & Whitney
941:electric locomotive
835:) which combined a
602:Union Pacific GTELs
1772:. 14 January 2009.
1583:. February 1, 2018
1395:on 24 August 2013.
1316:American-Rails.com
1285:Clint Chamberlin.
1185:for train heating.
1155:combustion chamber
1049:
1047:railway line, 1989
986:
934:
926:
821:
758:), powered by two
703:and later used by
689:
598:
562:British Rail APT-E
536:British Rail 18100
526:British Rail 18000
512:
508:British Rail APT-E
471:
402:electric generator
384:
195:free-piston engine
177:free-piston engine
172:in 1952 and had a
166:
107:Early developments
51:
43:
2143:High-speed trains
1912:Sutton Publishing
1887:on 18 August 2021
1878:Railway equipment
1801:on 18 August 2021
1792:Railway equipment
1553:Turbines Westward
1535:Popular Mechanics
1216:Tractive effort,
921:
861:diesel locomotive
626:wheel arrangement
594:Fremont, Nebraska
510:, Derby, UK, 1972
321:Nydqvist and Holm
133:two-shaft machine
16:(Redirected from
2150:
2123:
2115:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2055:
2046:
2023:
1988:
1945:
1944:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
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1886:
1875:
1866:
1857:
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1707:
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1667:
1665:
1663:
1657:trainsarefun.com
1649:
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1638:
1624:
1618:
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1615:
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1599:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1581:On Track On Line
1573:
1567:
1566:
1548:
1542:
1529:
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1497:
1496:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1413:(1st ed.).
1406:
1397:
1396:
1391:. Archived from
1381:
1372:
1371:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1344:. Archived from
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1291:North East Rails
1282:
1236:19% at full load
1233:16% at half load
1230:10% at 1/10 load
1140:British Railways
959:
947:
922:
892:
875:Russian Railways
578:1970s oil crisis
551:English Electric
520:British Railways
414:Second World War
367:British Rail GT3
294:English Electric
290:British Rail GT3
131:One option is a
101:rotational speed
21:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2113:
2105:
2097:
2095:GT1-001 summary
2089:
2062:
2003:Rail Enthusiast
1996:
1994:Further reading
1991:
1986:
1954:
1949:
1948:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1873:
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1563:
1549:
1545:
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1526:
1516:
1514:
1504:
1500:
1485:
1481:
1473:Popular Science
1466:
1465:
1461:
1438:Hornby Magazine
1434:
1430:
1407:
1400:
1383:
1382:
1375:
1370:. 26 June 2017.
1358:
1357:
1353:
1334:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1295:
1293:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1257:
1136:
1103:
1095:pulverized coal
1091:
1025:
978:
957:
945:
912:
890:
850:
693:United Aircraft
648:In April 1950,
616:
586:
574:British Leyland
501:
493:electrification
477:
463:
448:1973 oil crisis
429:diesel-electric
410:traction motors
390:
376:
323:, 1-B-1, Sweden
313:
286:
226:
214:
191:opposed pistons
158:
145:
109:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2156:
2146:
2145:
2140:
2125:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2060:External links
2058:
2057:
2056:
2047:
2024:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1927:
1921:978-0862995416
1920:
1898:
1858:
1847:(in Russian).
1832:
1812:
1775:
1755:
1724:
1702:
1688:(in Russian).
1669:
1644:
1619:
1594:
1568:
1562:978-0916244019
1561:
1543:
1524:
1498:
1479:
1459:
1428:
1398:
1373:
1351:
1328:
1303:
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1273:
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1269:
1268:
1263:
1261:Turbojet train
1256:
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1234:
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1225:
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1223:
1220:
1210:
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1190:
1186:
1163:hot air engine
1159:heat exchanger
1135:
1134:United Kingdom
1132:
1102:
1099:
1090:
1087:
1024:
1021:
977:
974:
849:
846:
841:head end power
687:, in the 1970s
606:UAC TurboTrain
585:
582:
500:
499:United Kingdom
497:
462:
459:
457:used as fuel.
375:
372:
371:
370:
363:
356:
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342:
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285:
284:United Kingdom
282:
230:Czechoslovakia
225:
224:Czechoslovakia
222:
213:
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108:
105:
78:passenger cars
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1942:
1941:UtahRails.net
1938:
1931:
1923:
1917:
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1674:
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1654:
1648:
1633:
1632:nycsubway.org
1629:
1623:
1608:
1607:nycsubway.org
1604:
1598:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1564:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1539:Union Pacific
1536:
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1412:
1405:
1403:
1394:
1390:
1389:freikolben.ch
1386:
1380:
1378:
1369:
1365:
1364:espacenet.com
1361:
1355:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1292:
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1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1194:Specification
1187:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1176:Working cycle
1173:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1101:United States
1098:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
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1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1046:
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1034:
1029:
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990:
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795:
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787:
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776:
772:
768:
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761:
757:
753:
749:
746:In 1966, the
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
691:In the 1960s
686:
682:
677:
673:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
646:
644:
639:
633:
631:
630:Union Pacific
627:
624:
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615:
611:
607:
603:
595:
590:
584:United States
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
558:
556:
552:
548:
543:
541:
538:was built by
537:
533:
531:
528:was built by
527:
523:
521:
517:
509:
505:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
479:In 1939, the
476:
467:
458:
456:
453:
449:
445:
440:
439:Union Pacific
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
389:
380:
368:
364:
361:
357:
354:
350:
347:
343:
340:
336:
333:
332:R. Tom Sawyer
329:
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322:
318:
317:
316:
308:
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299:
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275:
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246:
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231:
221:
219:
209:
207:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:diesel engine
185:
180:
178:
175:
171:
162:
153:
150:
140:
138:
137:gas generator
134:
129:
126:
122:
117:
114:
104:
102:
97:
94:
90:
86:
85:piston engine
81:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:in which the
63:
60:
57:is a type of
56:
47:
41:
37:
36:R. Tom Sawyer
32:
19:
2106:(in English)
2098:(in Russian)
2090:(in Russian)
2051:
2034:
2028:
2001:
1987:(in Russian)
1940:
1930:
1907:
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1882:the original
1877:
1844:
1835:
1824:
1815:
1803:. Retrieved
1796:the original
1791:
1778:
1767:
1758:
1746:. Retrieved
1741:
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1705:
1693:. Retrieved
1685:
1660:. Retrieved
1656:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1631:
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1606:
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1580:
1571:
1552:
1546:
1534:
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1511:
1501:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1471:
1462:
1437:
1431:
1410:
1393:the original
1388:
1363:
1354:
1346:the original
1341:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1315:
1306:
1294:. Retrieved
1290:
1280:
1241:
1211:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1152:
1137:
1104:
1092:
1069:
1050:
1005:
987:
955:
935:
872:
865:
851:
823:In 1997 the
822:
783:
774:
755:
745:
690:
657:
654:Westinghouse
647:
634:
617:
559:
544:
534:
530:Brown Boveri
524:
513:
485:Brown Boveri
478:
437:
418:
400:to drive an
396:that uses a
391:
314:
287:
278:
258:
238:
227:
215:
203:
181:
167:
146:
130:
118:
110:
98:
82:
54:
52:
2122:(in French)
2114:(in German)
1748:19 December
1717:19 December
1415:Sampson Low
1118:streamliner
1105:In 1946, a
1089:Coal-firing
1079:electrified
1055:prototype,
970:Ural region
946:B-B-B+B-B-B
907:prime mover
767:Pioneer III
733:Turboliners
721:Turboliners
461:Switzerland
398:gas turbine
89:lubrication
70:gas turbine
66:prime mover
2132:Categories
1695:26 January
1662:9 December
1637:9 December
1612:9 December
1423:B0000CJIZC
1321:9 December
1296:9 December
1272:References
1075:Turbotrain
1051:The first
1033:Turbotrain
895:slave unit
808:scrapped.
779:third rail
754:(numbered
695:built the
681:Turboliner
658:Blue Goose
610:Turboliner
421:turboshaft
406:alternator
394:locomotive
386:See also:
346:Gotaverken
218:Gotaverken
184:two-stroke
74:power cars
62:locomotive
2037:: 27–58.
2012:0262-561X
1587:April 23,
1454:226087101
1446:1753-2469
1083:power car
1077:, in non-
1041:Deauville
1039:, on the
1006:In 2002,
873:In 2006,
781:as well.
717:trainsets
555:LMS 10000
234:Tatra 111
2020:49957965
1853:Archived
1517:11 April
1512:AROnline
1255:See also
1107:Northrop
1037:Houlgate
1012:JetTrain
997:Via Rail
932:GT1h-002
887:cow-calf
879:switcher
833:JetTrain
817:JetTrain
709:Via Rail
643:Bunker C
614:JetTrain
452:Bunker C
311:Examples
241:Expo '58
1952:Sources
1891:5 April
1845:tass.ru
1805:5 April
1115:M-10002
1057:TGV 001
1031:SNCF's
891:B-B+B-B
798:Allison
760:Garrett
752:railcar
679:An RTG
650:Baldwin
623:B-B-B-B
619:ALCO-GE
596:in 1953
353:Renault
339:Renault
253:Sokolov
174:Pescara
170:Renault
59:railway
2018:
2010:
1918:
1559:
1452:
1444:
1421:
1023:France
976:Canada
951:hybrid
899:tender
848:Russia
725:T 2000
705:Amtrak
668:, and
612:, and
489:Am 4/6
475:Am 4/6
212:Sweden
156:France
125:Sweden
121:France
1885:(PDF)
1874:(PDF)
1799:(PDF)
1788:(PDF)
1738:(PDF)
1690:Гудок
1686:Gudok
1111:Hendy
1045:Dives
993:Turbo
901:with
858:TEP60
829:Acela
786:USDOT
697:Turbo
433:power
425:gears
365:1959
360:Škoda
358:1958
351:1958
344:1954
337:1951
326:1952
319:1933
305:18100
301:18000
298:GTELs
270:Plzeň
266:Kolín
245:Plzeň
189:with
113:0-4-2
68:is a
2016:OCLC
2008:ISSN
1916:ISBN
1893:2020
1849:TASS
1807:2020
1750:2021
1719:2021
1697:2020
1664:2017
1639:2017
1614:2017
1589:2018
1557:ISBN
1519:2020
1493:52:2
1450:OCLC
1442:ISSN
1419:ASIN
1323:2017
1298:2017
1071:SNCF
1063:and
966:2ES6
962:TEM7
938:VL15
775:GT-2
771:RDCs
764:Budd
756:GT-1
739:and
707:and
652:and
560:The
444:fuel
303:and
288:The
268:and
249:Cheb
123:and
2039:doi
1065:RTG
1061:ETG
1053:TGV
1035:in
1001:LRC
805:EMU
729:FRA
713:LRC
683:at
670:CNW
666:MKT
662:PRR
638:C-C
570:TGV
547:GT3
455:oil
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