835:, which provides irrigation for 80 acres of loblolly pine seed beds. The sandy soils at the nursery are ideal for pine seedling production. The Loblolly pine seedlings produced here are the result of rigorous Tree Improvement Program (TIP) testing and are proven high performers for Virginia conditions. A 213-acre tree seedling nursery was established within the boundaries of the Garland Gray Forestry Center in 1984. The Garland Gray Forestry Center has state-of-the-art harvesting equipment and a first-class grading, packaging and cold storage facility for preparing the loblolly tree seedlings for shipment.
25:
620:, the Byrd Organization selected Gray to replace him on that state board, in what many considered retaliation. Gray thus served on the State Board of Education from 1957 until 1961. His successor was Anne Dobie Peebles of Sussex County, who served nearly three decades and succeeded future U.S. Supreme Court justice
556:
in
Virginia had happened in Gray's hometown, Waverly, in 1925. The victim, James Jordan, was a black employee at Gray's lumber mill who after being identified by a foremen, had been arrested at the mill and jailed for allegedly attacking a white woman and stealing a pistol. An armed mob had descended
453:
In 1931, Gray advocated unemployment insurance (and even financed a study for the state). Four years earlier, the closing of the rival Surry Lumber
Company mills (caused in part by their decades-long failure to replant after cutting) devastated the local economy, and the Sussex, Surry and Southampton
818:
Gray died in July, 1977 in
Richmond, Virginia, survived by his wife, son Elmon and four daughters. His first wife, Agnes Taylor Gray had died on October 7, 1962. Continuing his and Agnes' philanthropy in the neighboring community, a foundation was created by Elmon Gray, as well as a professorship in
779:
complained that the living conditions endured by employees of the Gray lumber mill living in company owned housing were among the worst in
Virginia. “The Wye community, in which about 200 persons live, is directly behind the lumber company owned by State Sen. Garland Gray. Gray also owns the houses
763:
had sent community organizers from
California into Southside Virginia, although their efforts were somewhat thwarted by short monthly voter registration hours established by Southside county clerks. Gray won every precinct in his senatorial district, handily defeating Stronach 8,086 notes to 1,894,
783:
In 1971, Garland Gray announced his retirement, before census redistricting split and relocated what had been his district. The revamped 6th district came to represent
Norfolk, as did the reconstructed 5th and 7th districts (instead of the 3-senator 2nd district that represented Norfolk during the
561:
train that pulled into the station during the macabre proceeding. In 1948, Gray was appointed to a state commission concerning teaching history in the public schools, which later proved controversial for adopting history texts for 4th and 7th graders as well as high school students which presented
449:
Gray was a farmer, industrialist, and later a banker. He joined his father's Gray Lumber
Company business in 1922 and operated small lumber mills in Southampton and Sussex counties from 1922 until 1927, when he was made a partner in the company. Gray advocated sustainable forestry, planting young
636:
satellite. Gray also used his influence to cause the Sussex County school board to refuse to renew teaching contracts for two veteran and respected teachers who refused to sign a statement opposing racial desegregation. His relative
Frances Stringfellow Gray sat on the Sussex County school board
788:
succeeded Gray. However, Greensville County and the City of
Emporia (which he had represented for decades) were combined with Suffolk, Southampton, Isle of Wight, Nansemond and Dinwiddie Counties into the new 15th District, and came to be represented by his former colleague of the 5th District,
801:
of
Suffolk County after a special 1975 election). Sussex, Surry and Prince George Counties and the city of Hopewell (the rest of Gray's long-time 6th district) were combined with Colonial Heights (which had been in the 29th district) and Petersburg (formerly in the 7th district) as the new
490:
from 1938-1942 and also preceded him as president of the national Ruritan Club. Despite many demographic changes in Virginia; Sussex and Greenville Counties had been represented jointly in Virginia's House of Delegates since 1879, and the state Senate district had not changed since 1893.
477:
Gray began his political career on the county school board (1925-1928), then served on the county Public Welfare Board (1934-1940) and state ports authority beginning in 1935 and becoming its chairman in late 1939 until resigning to assume a seat in the State Senate. His cousin
702:
As Virginia's federal courts attempted to enforce desegregation) in 1958 over the vocal opposition of Gray and his supporters, the local school board in Prince Edward County closed its schools for what ultimately became five years. That fall Governor Almond ordered schools in
780:
in Wye, which he provides rent-free to their occupants,” SCLC volunteer Laurayne F. James was quoted as saying in The Times-Dispatch report. “ This particular section feeds him with cheap labor, It has not changed in over 100 years” Mrs. James said of the arrangement.
521:
However, Gray's political stature grew, as he led various campaigns for the U.S.O. and war bonds, liaised with several wartime agencies, and worked with the Fourth Congressional District Democratic Committee. In 1945, Gray and fellow businessman and state senator
631:
crisis escalated, Gray introduced legislation mandating closure of schools which desegregated (even pursuant to court order), while he also advocated increased funding for scientific and technical studies after Russia's successful
557:
on the jail and seized Jordan and marched him through the main street in Waverly to the railroad depot where he was strung up a tree and shot multiple times, before his corpse was set on fire in full view of passengers on a
723:
jointly issued decisions ordering integration of the Arlington and Norfolk public schools, Governor Almond allowed those school boards to comply on February 2, 1959, despite much criticism and years of political fallout.
450:
seedlings to replace cut timber. He eventually became chairman of the Board of Gray Products Company. In 1930, the Gray lumber company was one of the first in the South to establish a pension plan for its workers.
441:. Beginning in 1952, the Grays lived at the former home on Coppahaunk Avenue in Waverly of his uncle Horace Gray. His second wife was Frances Bage. He adopted her daughter, Mary Frances, after their marriage.
465:
Gray became President of the Bank of Waverly in April, 1941, following the death of his uncle Horace. That year, the Gray Lumber Company bought 15,000 acres from the failed Surry Lumber Company, in
552:
Despite his family's northern roots in Delaware, Gray's views on race mirrored those of most of his white constituents in the rural Southside Virginia community he represented. One of the last
687:
conditioned upon his endorsing Gray. After Gray withdrew from the Democratic primary, Almond easily won the Democratic nomination for Governor of Virginia. A month after Republican president
351:
Gray was born in the rural community of Gray, in Sussex County, Virginia to Elmon Lee Gray and his wife Ella Virginia Darden Gray. His grandfather Alfred L. Gray had moved to Virginia from
660:
rhetoric, he was Byrd's preferred candidate for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in 1957. However, the Byrd Organization refused to support him wholeheartedly. Lieutenant Governor
530:'s re-election campaign. Widely considered one of the top lieutenants in the Byrd Democratic Organization, Gray was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1944 and 1948.
597:
decision) so no white Virginia child would have to attend a desegregated public school. This plan, which suspended Virginia's compulsory school attendance law and also established a
384:
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president, as well as national President in 1948-1949. He also worked with fellow lumber industry officials who also served as state officials, including future governor
339:, and preferred Gray over other candidates, the Byrd Organization refused to wholeheartedly support Gray's bid to become the party's gubernatorial candidate in 1957, so
533:
In 1947 Gray announced he would seek the seat left vacant by Goodwyn's retirement, and Sussex County clerk William B. Cocke Jr. (acclaimed with Gray for helping elect
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to close pursuant to various Byrd-Organization-supported Massive Resistance laws rather than comply with federal court orders. However, when the federal courts and
355:
and established a lumber company to harvest the local swamp pines. The family-owned Gray Lumber Co. once owned over one hundred thousand acres of forested land in
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458:
appointed Gray to a commission to study unemployment insurance, but that proposal did not need to be adopted in Virginia because of its adoption as part of the
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and military service overseas, and a devastating forest fire broke out during his mother's funeral on April 5, 1943 and burned 12,000 acres of timberland.
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523:
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645:, resigning from the public school board the following year. Another participant in Massive Resistance was fellow Virginia Democratic state senator
54:
479:
1195:
Douglas Summers Brown et al., Sketches of Greensville County, Virginia 1650-1967: Second Edition 1968-2000 (Emporia: Riparian Women's Club 2000)
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860:
Richard Lee Morton, Virginia Lives, the Old Dominion's Who's Who 1964 (Historical Record Association, Hopkinsville, Kentucky 1964), p. 385
1339:
1369:
1359:
869:
E. Griffith Dodson: The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1940-1960 (Richmond: Virginia State Publication, 1961) p. 535
1023:
Carl Tobias, Public School Desegregation in the post-Brown Decade, 37 William & Mary Law Review 1261 et seq. (1996) available at
776:
760:
1071:
James R. Sweeney ed, Race, Reason and Massive Resistance: the diary of David J. Mays (University of Georgia Press 2008) pp. 183-84
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reported on substandard company owned housing at the Gray's Lumber Mill in Waverly. The article stated that volunteers with the
506:
when he resigned citing family business obligations after he bought out his brother's interest in the business, his son left for
324:
1354:
1344:
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Gary M. Williams, Sussex County, Virginia: A Heritage Recalled by the Land (Petersburg, Virginia: The Dietz Press 2014) pp. 234
1255:
323:. A lumber and banking executive, Gray became head of the Democratic Caucus in the Virginia Senate, and vehemently opposed
1213:
Cynthia Miller Leanorad, Virginia's General Assembly 1619-1978 (Richmond: Library of Virginia, 1978) pp. 756-757, 763, 770
70:
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firehouse (in Gray's district). Soon, Gray was appointed chairman of a committee, colloquially named after him (the
537:
to the U.S. Congress the previous year) decided not to run. Gray promoted pine as a farm product and served as State
94:
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forestry at Virginia Tech. The Virginia Historical Society has the family's scrapbook from the 1940s (until 1950).
380:
251:
46:
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said he would run for the governorship if Gray ran. Gray's radicalization had also disturbed Commission Counsel
433:, Florence E., Agnes E. and Mary Wingate Gray. Their Surry County summer home, at Swann's Point, overlooked the
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Jack Temple Kirby, Poquosin: A Study of Rural Landscape and Society at p. 209, available at google books
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585:, Gray led a group of thirty Virginia politicians who urged defiance and met monthly thereafter in a
747:, challenged Gray in the Democratic primary. Redistricting had added more liberal constituents from
454:
Railway established by the same owners went bankrupt in mid-1930, worsening the situation. Governor
831:(VDOF) Garland Gray Forestry Center is named for Senator Gray. The center is located next to the
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to support desegregation of those schools, Almond was elected governor over Republican candidate
483:
372:
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50:
1106:"Dictionary of Virginia Biography - James Lindsay Almond (15 June 1898-14 April 1986) Biography"
549:. By 1949, the newly elected Senator Gray was also vehemently advocating fiscal responsibility.
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in a companion case to both Brown decisions). Almond refused Byrd's offer of a position on the
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region after a 1955 campaign which advocated allowing localities to desegregate schools after
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8:
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John Perts and Charles (Mike) Houston, Virginia Leaders 1968 (Westover Press, 1968) p. 52
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437:, but was destroyed by fire and not rebuilt. It is now an archeological site owed by the
35:
1149:"Carey E. Stronach, retired VSU physics professor and civil rights activist, dies at 72"
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1082:"Sussex History - Visit - Sussex County, Virginia - Part of Virginia's Gateway Region"
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Jack Huber, "The Surry Lumber Company", Virginia Forests (Winter 2000) available at
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1127:"Brown at 60: The Southern Manifesto and "Massive Resistance" to Brown - NAACP LDF"
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Gray finally acceded to requests for party unity and deferred to attorney general
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High School in 1917 (age 16) and received a bachelor's degree in history from the
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In November 1941, Peck Gray was elected to the Virginia Senate representing the
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laws would be declared unconstitutional by the courts (as they later were).
274:. Mary Wingate Gray Stettinius, Agnes Elizabeth Gray Duff, Mary Gray Farland
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1256:"About Us | Tree Seedlings | Virginia State Forestry Nurseries"
434:
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was elected to that district (and would be re-elected numerous times).
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959:"Television News of the Civil Rights Era : Film & Summaries"
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as chairman in 1968, becoming that agency's first female leader.
593:), which developed a plan in November 1955 (six months after the
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411:
938:"The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Gravina to Gray"
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and in the general election defeated civil rights activist Rev.
679:(who had segregationist credentials for representing the losing
398:
in 1921 (age 19) and a master's degree in Southern history from
1235:"Garland and Agnes Taylor Gray Foundation - GuideStar Profile"
1147:
Times-Dispatch, ELLEN ROBERTSON Richmond (22 December 2012).
1223:
http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/sussex/obits/g600a4ob.txt
57:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
303:(November 28, 1901 – July, 1977, nicknamed "Peck" after
797:
until his death 4 years later (only to be succeeded by
925:
http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~vaschs/SLCfinal.htm
343:
won that party's primary and later the Governorship.
880:"The Free Lance-Star - Google News Archive Search"
371:and neighboring areas, as well as several of the
1316:
1100:
1098:
1025:http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmlr/vol37/iss4/3
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601:program, which allowed creation of so-called "
1179:"Memories of 1925 lynching linger in Waverly"
1007:"Memories of 1925 lynching linger in Waverly"
904:https://books.google.com/books?id=iAnICQAAQBA
1095:
178:January 12, 1948 – January 11, 1972
38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
402:the following year (age 20). He was also a
53:and maintains a consistent citation style.
978:scrapbook newspaper articles, unattributed
637:during this time, and in 1964 established
327:after the U.S. Supreme Court decisions in
612:was elected to the state senate from the
95:Learn how and when to remove this message
1335:Democratic Party Virginia state senators
777:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
761:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
739:, who would later become a professor at
425:In 1923 Gray married Agnes E. Taylor of
346:
1317:
935:
545:of Stanley Furniture and Hugh Camp of
1350:Washington and Lee University alumni
735:physicist and civil rights activist
18:
498:(a part-time position), to replace
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331:in 1954 and 1955. Although Senator
45:Please consider converting them to
13:
1340:People from Surry County, Virginia
410:(and taught Sunday School), local
14:
1381:
1370:20th-century Virginia politicians
1360:20th-century American legislators
784:previous decade). Thus, arguably
429:. The couple had four children:
143:January 12, 1942 – 1945
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605:" in many Virginia localities.
319:counties, including his native
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49:to ensure the article remains
1:
1355:People from Waverly, Virginia
1345:University of Richmond alumni
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400:Washington and Lee University
289:Washington and Lee University
691:ordered federal troops into
7:
1297:Virginia Senate, District 6
743:for decades and resided in
618:Brown v. Board of Education
583:Brown v. Board of Education
518:filled his unexpired term.
329:Brown v. Board of Education
10:
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668:, who thought many of the
547:Camp Manufacturing Company
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1365:American segregationists
813:
656:Because of Gray's fiery
1183:Richmond Times-Dispatch
1011:Richmond Times-Dispatch
773:Richmond Times-Dispatch
653:and the 11th District.
373:James River Plantations
353:Sussex County, Delaware
936:Kestenbaum, Lawrence.
733:University of Virginia
721:Virginia Supreme Court
685:Virginia Supreme Court
512:Edward Everard Goodwyn
500:Robert Williams Daniel
396:University of Richmond
285:University of Richmond
154:Robert Williams Daniel
727:After passage of the
693:Little Rock, Arkansas
647:Frederick Thomas Gray
603:segregation academies
439:National Park Service
408:Congregational Church
347:Early and family life
914:Williams, p. 234-236
745:Prince George County
689:Dwight D. Eisenhower
681:Prince Edward County
622:Lewis F. Powell, Jr.
577:, a month after the
488:Greensville Counties
456:John Garland Pollard
390:Gray graduated from
357:Prince George County
325:school desegregation
239:July, 1977 (aged 74)
1062:Williams p. 235-245
799:J. Lewis Rawls, Jr.
791:William V. Rawlings
643:segregation academy
559:Norfolk and Western
16:American politician
1281:Senate of Virginia
1168:Williams pp. 246-9
795:Franklin, Virginia
629:Massive Resistance
579:U.S. Supreme Court
575:Massive Resistance
564:American Civil War
418:Clubs, and of the
369:Southampton County
337:Massive Resistance
335:himself supported
317:Southside Virginia
307:) was a long-time
242:Richmond, Virginia
1313:
1312:
1307:Stanley C. Walker
1304:Succeeded by
786:Stanley C. Walker
753:James City County
737:Carey E. Stronach
729:Voting Rights Act
677:J. Lindsay Almond
649:(no relation) of
639:Tidewater Academy
543:Thomas B. Stanley
524:Thomas H. Blanton
516:Emporia, Virginia
467:Dendron, Virginia
341:J. Lindsay Almond
298:
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219:November 28, 1901
189:Edward E. Goodwyn
166:Edward E. Goodwyn
105:
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55:Several templates
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1290:Robert W. Daniel
1287:Preceded by
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473:Political career
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261:Agnes E. Taylor;
211:Personal details
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535:Watkins Abbitt
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377:Bacon's Castle
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71:Citation bot
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1330:1977 deaths
1325:1901 births
662:Gi Stephens
570:viewpoint.
435:James River
184:Preceded by
149:Preceded by
1319:Categories
1301:1942–1972
1266:2016-08-28
889:2023-11-30
839:References
697:Ted Dalton
587:Petersburg
568:Lost Cause
480:"Red" Gray
375:including
309:Democratic
280:Alma mater
252:Democratic
51:verifiable
705:Arlington
554:lynchings
258:Spouse(s)
174:In office
139:In office
128:from the
36:bare URLs
1240:31 March
1154:31 March
1132:31 March
1111:31 March
1087:31 March
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651:Culpeper
595:Brown II
460:New Deal
431:Elmon T.
385:Eastover
268:Children
226:Virginia
132:district
40:link rot
759:of the
709:Norfolk
634:Sputnik
627:As the
599:voucher
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427:Suffolk
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392:Waverly
222:Waverly
823:Legacy
484:Sussex
445:Career
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814:Death
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