479:
700:
27:
236:
739:
688:
405:
727:
57:
772:
397:
471:
758:
712:
185:
43:
1022:
430:. A few years after construction, the remaining niches were closed and covered with marble panels, which also covered the walls. The floor was also marble, while the dome and the upper part of the walls were decorated with stucco. A grandiose basilica room was framed by two side buildings on two floors, while the upper part of the building had a large panoramic terrace, linked to a gallery.
49:
426:. The main part of the building was a large circular hall (11 m in diameter by 13 in height), covered by a dome with alternating concave and flat segments (a very rare form, found only in the Serapeum). The walls host three niches on each side, two of which were open as passages for side rooms, probably
461:
with wall paintings, now in the garage of the
American Embassy on the side on via Friuli, and a wall with niches along via Lucullo. A large Hadrianic cistern also survives under Collegio Germanico at the corner of Via San Nicola da Tolentino and Via Bissolati consisting of two levels: the first, 1.8
351:
probably dating from
Hadrian's renovation of the horti. Its walls were encrusted with enamels, pumice and shells, which framed small landscapes and scenes with animals and flowers painted in bright colours. The sculptural decoration included a round altar with four Seasons and the beautiful group of
339:
In the late 19th century the building fever of the construction of Rome as the capital included the destruction of modern villas that populated the
Quirinale. It was a lost opportunity to study the archaeology of the site. The ancient topography was irrevocably altered with the filling of the valley
440:
To the south there is a semi-circular covered room divided into three areas with partitions, two of which still retain ancient mosaics in black and white and the remains of wall paintings probably from a later time; the third room towards the south is occupied by a flight of stairs to the two upper
641:
The Niobid, an original of the 5th century BC, is believed be one of the numerous works brought to Rome from Greece by
Augustus as spoils of war and which played a large part in the evolution of the taste and style of Roman art. It is similar to the figures of the pediment of the temple of Apollo
699:
373:, a very common type in the late Republican age and a typical element of large suburban villas. The connection to Venus, goddess of love, fertility and nature, and therefore protector of horti suited a large villa such as the Sallustian.
211:
were a place of pleasure, almost a small palace, and offered the rich owner and his court the possibility of living in isolation, away from the hectic life of the city but close to it. The most important part of the
930:
Emilia Talamo, Gli Horti di
Sallustio a Porta Collina, in Maddalena Cima, Eugenio La Rocca (a cura di), 1998, Horti romani, Atti del convegno internazionale (Roma, 4-6 maggio 1995), Roma, L'Erma di Bretschneider,
263:). In 36 BC on the death of the historian, the residence passed to his adopted great-grandson of the same name, and eventually to Claudius as imperial property but was maintained for several centuries by the
433:
It was one of the main nuclei in a spectacular location at the bottom of the valley dividing the
Quirinale from the Pincio. It was supported by thick walls with arches and buttresses resting on the
486:
Testimony of the importance and wealth of the Horti
Sallustiani are the great works of art found, many of them ancient Greek originals, even though numerous robberies took place over the centuries.
567:
edict on the protection of the works found. Later work of identifying numerous works preserved in
Italian and foreign museums has made it possible to trace them back to the Horti Sallustiani.
220:
in geometric or animal shapes. Among the greenery there were often pavilions, arcades for walking away from the sun, fountains, spas, temples and statues, often replicas of Greek originals.
650:
in
Copenhagen. The Niobid should have decorated the pediment of a Greek temple but was found hidden to save it from the barbarian raids that devastated the area in the 5th century AD.
3514:
3226:
478:
412:
A remarkably well-preserved pavilion of the villa can be seen at the centre of present-day Piazza
Sallustio, 14 m below present street level. It was probably a summer
255:, but after his death it was acquired by the historian Sallust, one of his closest friends, who developed it using his wealth acquired as governor of the province of
444:
The brick stamps of this building confirm a date of 126. The dating is significant because it shows the developments of imperial private architecture after the
3216:
2314:
271:
in the four centuries during which they evolved. Many emperors chose it as a temporary residence, as an alternative to the official seat on the Palatine Hill.
988:
968:
953:
Melissa M. Terras, 1997. "The Ludovisi and Boston Throne: a Comparison" A thorough website entirely devoted to the Ludovisi Throne and the Boston Throne
738:
301:
built, probably a complex of portico, garden and riding stables, where he went to ride. Other restorations were carried out in the third century.
654:
3176:
83:
2781:
1084:
853:
The Correspondence of Paul and Seneca, From "The Apocryphal New Testament" M.R. James-Translation and Notes Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924
437:
where the Via Sallustiana runs today, and resting against the hill behind and connected to other remains of poorly preserved buildings.
3061:
2304:
711:
563:, founder of the Glyptothek of Copenhagen, with the mediation of antique and art dealers who worked for illicit export, violating the
3081:
2852:
2184:
1026:
687:
2144:
2429:
885:
658:
3161:
2741:
2309:
771:
316:. The complex was severely damaged and never rebuilt. However, the gardens were not finally deserted until the 6th century.
3096:
1582:
559:
Almost all the works found in the late 19th century were sold to the great collectors of Europe and America, first of all
3091:
2862:
2836:
3181:
2134:
1567:
3524:
3399:
3131:
3001:
2219:
1572:
1337:
1093:
823:
726:
993:
Filippo Coarelli: Rome and Environs. An Archaeological Guide. University of California Press, 2007. pp. 242–244
3519:
3196:
3141:
3116:
2771:
2359:
1542:
3201:
3101:
2756:
2530:
2515:
2284:
1077:
862:
Walter L. Pyle, Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine, Chapter VII. Anomalies of Stature, Size, and Development.
3221:
2299:
2016:
1011:
2936:
2731:
2169:
42:
195:
started the fashion of building luxurious garden-palaces in the 1st century BC with the construction of his
3186:
2691:
2595:
2454:
2434:
2159:
3278:
3156:
3126:
2832:
2696:
2279:
2274:
2249:
2239:
2224:
2204:
2174:
2041:
2011:
1005:
26:
673:; in 1982 it was shown to fit exactly into remaining blocks in the temple's foundations. Some verses of
3419:
2505:
2254:
2209:
2179:
1547:
1070:
278:, Posio and Secundilla, were found there in the reign of Augustus and measured 10 feet 3 inches tall.
3211:
2816:
2791:
2776:
2766:
2761:
2736:
2640:
2570:
2540:
2344:
2339:
2154:
1938:
1718:
1562:
1552:
1379:
1172:
757:
324:
During the planting of 16th century vineyards and especially in the early 17th century when Cardinal
621:
two refined colossi of Pharaoh Ptolemy II and Queen Arsinoe II, now in the Egyptian Gregorian Museum
618:
found in 1888 near the via Boncompagni, about 25 m from the via Quintino Sella (Museo Conservatori).
3409:
3166:
3136:
2887:
2801:
2786:
2449:
2424:
2329:
2234:
2189:
1933:
1903:
1610:
1577:
1304:
235:
657:
and the famous Ludovisi Throne, both Greek originals brought to Rome, may have been placed in the
3297:
3284:
3261:
3256:
3231:
3191:
3086:
3051:
2976:
2891:
2811:
2706:
2590:
2565:
2520:
2439:
2354:
2319:
2149:
1626:
1327:
818:
Richardson, Lawrence, Jr., 1920-2013. A new topographical dictionary of ancient Rome. Baltimore.
3291:
3272:
985:
The first monograph on the subject, covering topography and history, architecture and sculpture.
3467:
3307:
3171:
3041:
3021:
2981:
2555:
2404:
2369:
2334:
2324:
2269:
2229:
2164:
2046:
2031:
2001:
1909:
749:
647:
552:
3111:
3036:
2951:
2655:
2620:
2510:
2389:
2374:
2294:
2289:
2214:
2021:
1955:
1914:
1755:
1723:
1667:
369:
3266:
404:
3312:
3026:
2931:
2921:
2746:
2645:
2580:
2419:
2364:
2194:
2139:
2109:
1830:
1602:
1322:
1177:
268:
144:
583:
8:
3329:
2867:
2244:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2026:
1825:
1815:
1791:
1728:
1705:
1509:
1482:
1354:
1286:
1209:
1162:
1054:
1038:
522:
196:
396:
359:
which stood at the bottom of the valley, a Republican building located just outside the
252:
3477:
3439:
3429:
3066:
2911:
2906:
2751:
2459:
2349:
2036:
1978:
1950:
1885:
1587:
1504:
1241:
1199:
423:
982:
3472:
3076:
2926:
2847:
2686:
2635:
2525:
2444:
2264:
2066:
2006:
1880:
1869:
1835:
1762:
1672:
1652:
1557:
1369:
1359:
1271:
1256:
954:
819:
470:
325:
240:
3250:
3146:
3011:
2966:
2956:
2721:
2650:
2610:
2535:
2483:
2474:
2464:
2399:
2124:
1972:
1944:
1687:
1592:
1499:
1415:
1317:
1266:
1216:
1182:
1152:
587:
267:
as a public amenity. The gardens were enriched with many additional structures and
3459:
3444:
3385:
3347:
3206:
2857:
2796:
2660:
2625:
2605:
2560:
2550:
2259:
2072:
1855:
1657:
1597:
1519:
1429:
1422:
1312:
1291:
1261:
1221:
1187:
1167:
1137:
1112:
777:
604:
560:
445:
329:
132:
1004:
3352:
3106:
3071:
2961:
2941:
2916:
2806:
2600:
2575:
2409:
2394:
2384:
2097:
1897:
1891:
1875:
1796:
1786:
1734:
1712:
1662:
1621:
1364:
1276:
1147:
1132:
1127:
1117:
1107:
457:
333:
121:
139:
in the 1st century BC. It occupied a large area in the northeastern sector of
3508:
3449:
3362:
3357:
3337:
3302:
3151:
2971:
2946:
2877:
2630:
2585:
2379:
2199:
1995:
1680:
1647:
1514:
1475:
1384:
1374:
1251:
1226:
1204:
1157:
791:
763:
678:
646:
and perhaps is also linked to the dying Niobid and the running Niobid of the
608:
597:
591:
515:
498:
441:
floors, while the north one was interspersed with an room used as a latrine.
360:
356:
264:
248:
164:
160:
98:
85:
3493:
3434:
3414:
3380:
3367:
3342:
3031:
2842:
2670:
2665:
2615:
2545:
2414:
2103:
2090:
1807:
1436:
1281:
1246:
1236:
1231:
1194:
1122:
434:
204:
148:
227:
occupied about a tenth of Rome and formed a green belt around the centre.
2872:
2711:
2500:
1862:
1748:
1642:
1457:
1450:
1390:
611:, found in 1894 between via Sicilia and the intersection with via Abruzzi
449:
256:
168:
156:
129:
2991:
2901:
1769:
1443:
1408:
717:
509:
414:
184:
3241:
3016:
2986:
1801:
1536:
1142:
871:
666:
634:
348:
1062:
989:
The Gardens of Sallust from Platner/Ashby's Topographical Dictionary
3424:
2716:
1741:
1616:
533:
529:
462:
m high, acts as a substructure to the second (overall 39 x 3.3 m).
427:
419:
385:
309:
294:
192:
152:
894:, "The Ancient Art of Emulation" (2002:205-223) p. 205 and note 9.
2701:
643:
630:
579:
541:
367:
under Caesar. This small temple was reminiscent of a Hellenistic
304:
It remained an imperial resort until it was sacked in 410 by the
290:
260:
217:
136:
482:
Artemis saving the young girl Iphigenia (Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek)
2726:
1021:
745:
625:
545:
537:
809:
Emilia Talamo, Horti Sallustiani, in Horti Romani, Roma, 1995.
3121:
883:
Miranda Marvin, "The Ludovisi Barbarians: The Grand Manner",
670:
564:
504:
489:
The sculpture found in the 16th and 17th centuries included:
305:
282:
983:
Reviewed by Eric M. Moormann, Bryn Mawr Classical Review, 20
347:
Nevertheless, excavations led to the partial discovery of a
48:
674:
297:
had major works done there. The latter in particular had a
140:
3515:
Buildings and structures completed in the 1st century BC
274:
Pliny writes that the remains of the guardians of the
720:(Capitoline Museum entered by way of the Campidoglio)
352:
Artemis and Iphigenia with a doe, now in Copenhagen.
493:
the colossal acrolith of a large female head called
955:http://darkroomtheband.net/collective/thrones/htm/
340:between the Pincio and Quirinal hills where these
355:Also part of the later complex was the temple of
3506:
400:Ruins of the buildings of the Horti Sallustiani
1078:
677:suggest the transfer of the cult statue from
336:, many important sculptures were discovered.
979:The Gardens of Sallust: A Changing Landscape
973:(Oxford University Press): Horti Sallustiani
969:Samuel Ball Platner and Thomas Ashby, 1929.
455:Among the other remains in the complex is a
216:was undoubtedly the planting, very often as
179:
3177:Museo Storico Nazionale dell'Arte Sanitaria
971:A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome,
312:, who entered the city at the gates of the
239:Plan of part of the horti Sallustiani from
3328:
3062:Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum
1085:
1071:
223:In the 3rd century AD the total number of
128:) was an ancient Roman estate including a
56:
25:
332:, purchased the site and constructed the
31:Ruins of the pavilion at Piazza Sallustio
3227:Santa Cecilia Musical Instruments Museum
2145:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
940:T. Ashby, "Recent Excavations in Rome",
693:Obelisk Sallustiano on the Spanish Steps
665:. The throne came from the sanctuary of
477:
469:
403:
395:
234:
230:
183:
886:Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome
3507:
3162:Museo nazionale del Palazzo di Venezia
2150:Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican
661:which was later incorporated into the
2430:Sacro Cuore di GesĂą a Castro Pretorio
1092:
1066:
600:discovered there in the 16th century.
2837:Tomb of the Unknown Soldier of Italy
2185:S. Antonio da Padova in Via Merulana
285:died of a fever in the villa of the
247:The property originally belonged to
2853:Column of the Immaculate Conception
2782:in Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere
13:
3182:Museum of Contemporary Art of Rome
2135:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
14:
3536:
3132:Museo Barracco di Scultura Antica
3097:Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna
1573:Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
997:
582:which now stands in front of the
3197:Museum of the Liberation of Rome
3142:Museo delle anime del Purgatorio
3092:Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica
3082:Galleria Comunale d'Arte Moderna
1543:Temple of Antoninus and Faustina
1020:
770:
756:
737:
725:
710:
698:
686:
570:The works found later included:
55:
47:
41:
3202:National Museum of Oriental Art
3102:Giorgio de Chirico House Museum
2531:Palazzo Barberini ai Giubbonari
2516:Domus Internationalis Paulus VI
947:
934:
924:
915:
906:
705:Ludovisi Gaul (Palazzo Altemps)
474:Orestes and Electra by Menelaos
3222:Porta San Paolo Railway Museum
2017:Columbarium of Pomponius Hylas
1012:New International Encyclopedia
897:
877:
865:
856:
847:
838:
829:
812:
803:
578:, a Roman copy of an Egyptian
319:
1:
962:
525:signed by Menelaos, 1st c. BC
448:, and the evolution from the
3187:Museum of Roman Civilization
3117:Keats–Shelley Memorial House
2596:Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne
2140:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
981:(University of Texas Press)
452:model over nearly 50 years.
7:
3279:Ludovisi Battle sarcophagus
3157:Museo di Roma in Trastevere
3127:Museo Archeologico Ostiense
2863:Hospital of the Holy Spirit
2435:S. Sebastiano fuori le mura
2042:Tomb of Eurysaces the Baker
2012:Catacombs of San Sebastiano
1006:"Sallust, Gardens of"
785:
135:developed by the historian
10:
3541:
3420:Castello Orsini-Odescalchi
2506:Casa dei Cavalieri di Rodi
2280:S. Giovanni dei Fiorentini
2275:S. Giovanni a Porta Latina
1548:Temple of Apollo Palatinus
391:
380:also housed a hippodrome (
174:
69:Shown within Augustan Rome
3486:
3458:
3398:
3376:
3321:
3240:
3212:Palazzo delle Esposizioni
3050:
3000:
2886:
2825:
2679:
2641:Palazzo Vidoni-Caffarelli
2541:Palazzo della Cancelleria
2493:
2473:
2123:
2082:
1987:
1964:
1939:Column of Marcus Aurelius
1926:
1844:
1779:
1719:Basilica of Junius Bassus
1697:
1635:
1563:Temple of Hercules Victor
1553:Temple of Apollo Sosianus
1528:
1492:
1467:
1400:
1380:Arch of Septimius Severus
1347:
1336:
1302:
1100:
180:The horti in ancient Rome
77:
36:
24:
3525:Rome R. XVII Sallustiano
3410:Appian Way Regional Park
3217:Pigorini National Museum
3137:Museo Civico di Zoologia
2772:della Piazza dei Quiriti
2484:List of churches in Rome
2425:Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re
2250:S. Croce in Via Flaminia
2225:S. Cecilia in Trastevere
2210:Ss. Bonifacio ed Alessio
2190:S. Apollinare alle Terme
2170:S. Anastasia al Palatino
2155:S. Lorenzo fuori le mura
1934:Column of Antoninus Pius
1611:Largo di Torre Argentina
1583:Temple of Minerva Medica
1578:Temple of Jupiter Tonans
1027:Horti Sallustiani (Rome)
977:Kim J. Hartswick, 2004.
797:
363:and incorporated in the
289:in 98, and the emperors
3520:Ancient gardens in Rome
3298:Portonaccio sarcophagus
3285:Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
3262:Colossus of Constantine
3257:Augustus of Prima Porta
3232:Venanzo Crocetti Museum
3192:Museum of the Ara Pacis
3167:Museo Nazionale Etrusco
3087:Galleria Doria Pamphilj
2977:Via della Conciliazione
2937:Piazza della Repubblica
2566:Palazzo Fusconi-Pighini
2521:Palazzo Aragona Gonzaga
2360:S. Maria della Vittoria
2255:S. Croce in Gerusalemme
2205:S. Bartolomeo all'Isola
2160:S. Agnese fuori le mura
1627:Porta Maggiore Basilica
1328:Obelisk of Montecitorio
888:. Supplementary Volumes
659:Temple of Venus Erycina
607:found in 1887, and the
143:, in what would become
99:41.908083°N 12.496917°E
3468:Festa della Repubblica
3308:Sistine Chapel ceiling
3172:Museo Nazionale Romano
3042:Parco degli Acquedotti
3022:Villa Borghese gardens
2982:Via dei Fori Imperiali
2556:Palazzo della Consulta
2440:S. Silvestro in Capite
2345:S. Maria in Trastevere
2340:S. Maria sopra Minerva
2315:S. Maria in Montesanto
2175:S. Andrea delle Fratte
2047:Tomb of Hilarus Fuscus
2032:Mausoleum of Maxentius
2002:Catacombs of Domitilla
1910:Villa of the Quintilii
750:Museo Nazionale Romano
732:Kneeling Gaul (Louvre)
648:Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek
553:Borghese Hermaphrodite
528:great herms depicting
483:
475:
465:
409:
401:
244:
189:
125:
3460:Events and traditions
3267:La Bocca della VeritĂ
3112:Jewish Museum of Rome
2606:Palazzo del Quirinale
2450:S. Sofia a Via Boccea
2310:S. Maria degli Angeli
2300:S. Maria Ausiliatrice
2180:S. Andrea della Valle
2022:Mausoleum of Augustus
1956:Five-Columns Monument
1904:Insula dell'Ara Coeli
1756:Portico Dii Consentes
1724:Basilica of Maxentius
1029:at Wikimedia Commons
519:and the Kneeling Gaul
481:
473:
407:
399:
269:monumental sculptures
238:
231:The Horti Sallustiani
188:Horti of ancient Rome
187:
3313:Velletri Sarcophagus
3273:Laocoön and His Sons
3027:Villa Doria Pamphili
2932:Piazza della Minerva
2757:di Piazza d'Aracoeli
2646:Palazzo del Viminale
2591:Palazzo di Giustizia
2420:Sacro Cuore di Maria
2405:Ss. Quattro Coronati
2390:S. Pietro in Vincoli
2375:S. Nicola in Carcere
2370:Ss. Nereo e Achilleo
2355:S. Maria in Via Lata
2330:S. Maria in Aracoeli
2320:S. Maria in Cosmedin
2295:S. Lorenzo in Lucina
2290:S. Lorenzo in Damaso
2285:Ss. Giovanni e Paolo
2230:Ss. Celso e Giuliano
2215:S. Camillo de Lellis
1831:Theatre of Marcellus
1603:House of the Vestals
912:Hist. Aug: Aurel. 49
748:discovered in 1906 (
576:Obelisco Sallustiano
299:porticus miliarensis
104:41.908083; 12.496917
16:Ancient Roman estate
2833:Altare della Patria
2494:Castles and palaces
2365:S. Martino ai Monti
2335:S. Maria del Popolo
2325:S. Maria in Domnica
2270:S. Francesca Romana
2240:Ss. Cosma e Damiano
2062:Tombs of Via Latina
2057:Tomb of the Scipios
2052:Tomb of the Haterii
2027:Mausoleum of Helena
1826:Stadium of Domitian
1816:Gardens of Maecenas
1792:Circus of Maxentius
1729:Basilica of Neptune
1706:Basilica Argentaria
1510:Baths of Diocletian
1483:Cloaca Circi Maximi
1355:Arch of Constantine
1323:Obelisk of Minerveo
1055:Stadium of Domitian
1048:Gardens of Sallust
1039:Gardens of Maecenas
637:from the nymphaeum.
523:Orestes and Electra
95: /
21:
3478:Rome Film Festival
3440:Villa Aldobrandini
3067:Capitoline Museums
2912:Clivus Capitolinus
2571:Palazzo Giustinani
2511:Castel Sant'Angelo
2455:S. Stefano Rotondo
2037:Pyramid of Cestius
1886:Palace of Domitian
1821:Gardens of Sallust
1668:Forum of Vespasian
1588:Temple of Portunus
1505:Baths of Caracalla
590:at the top of the
548:, a discus thrower
484:
476:
410:
402:
245:
190:
118:Gardens of Sallust
63:Gardens of Sallust
20:Gardens of Sallust
19:
3502:
3501:
3473:Rome Quadriennale
3400:Metropolitan City
3394:
3393:
3077:Galleria Borghese
2952:Piazza San Pietro
2927:Piazza del Popolo
2922:Piazza d'Aracoeli
2895:and public spaces
2777:di Piazza Nicosia
2767:di Piazza Farnese
2762:di Piazza Colonna
2636:Palazzo Valentini
2526:Palazzo Barberini
2220:S. Carlo al Corso
2119:
2118:
2110:Ponte Sant'Angelo
2067:Tomb of Priscilla
2007:Catacombs of Rome
1881:House of Augustus
1870:Domus Transitoria
1836:Theatre of Pompey
1763:Porticus Octaviae
1653:Forum of Augustus
1558:Temple of Hadrian
1370:Arch of Gallienus
1360:Arch of Dolabella
1318:Flaminian Obelisk
1094:Landmarks of Rome
1061:
1060:
1051:Succeeded by
1045:Landmarks of Rome
1025:Media related to
835:Tac. Ann. XIII.47
780:(Palazzo Altemps)
586:church above the
584:TrinitĂ dei Monti
495:Acrolito Ludovisi
326:Ludovico Ludovisi
314:Horti Sallustiani
259:(newly conquered
241:Forma Urbis Romae
126:Horti Sallustiani
114:
113:
3532:
3326:
3325:
3251:Apollo Belvedere
3147:Museo delle Mura
2967:Via dei Coronari
2957:Piazza di Spagna
2651:Palazzo Wedekind
2611:Palazzo Pamphilj
2536:Palazzo Borghese
2445:S. Sisto Vecchio
1973:Porticus Aemilia
1945:Column of Phocas
1927:Column monuments
1688:Forum Holitorium
1593:Temple of Saturn
1500:Baths of Agrippa
1416:Aqua Alexandrina
1348:Triumphal arches
1345:
1344:
1217:Castra Praetoria
1087:
1080:
1073:
1064:
1063:
1035:Preceded by
1032:
1031:
1024:
1016:
1008:
957:
951:
945:
944:2/2 (1908) p.49.
938:
932:
928:
922:
919:
913:
910:
904:
901:
895:
881:
875:
869:
863:
860:
854:
851:
845:
842:
836:
833:
827:
816:
810:
807:
774:
760:
741:
729:
714:
702:
690:
642:Daphnephoros in
616:Crouching Amazon
588:Piazza di Spagna
497:, a divinity of
167:is now known as
155:hills, near the
110:
109:
107:
106:
105:
100:
96:
93:
92:
91:
88:
59:
58:
51:
45:
29:
22:
18:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3482:
3454:
3430:Hadrian's Villa
3402:of Rome Capital
3401:
3390:
3386:Monte Testaccio
3372:
3317:
3236:
3207:Palazzo Colonna
3053:
3046:
3004:
2996:
2907:Campo de' Fiori
2894:
2882:
2826:Other landmarks
2821:
2797:Quattro Fontane
2675:
2661:Villa Farnesina
2656:Palazzo Zuccari
2626:Palazzo Ruspoli
2561:Palazzo Farnese
2551:Palazzo Colonna
2489:
2469:
2350:S. Maria in Via
2126:
2115:
2078:
2073:Vigna Randanini
1983:
1979:Trajan's Market
1960:
1951:Trajan's Column
1922:
1856:Domus Augustana
1840:
1775:
1693:
1658:Forum of Caesar
1631:
1598:Temple of Vesta
1568:Temple of Janus
1524:
1520:Baths of Trajan
1488:
1463:
1430:Aqua Anio Novus
1423:Aqua Anio Vetus
1396:
1339:
1332:
1313:Lateran Obelisk
1298:
1101:Walls and gates
1096:
1091:
1052:
1047:
1036:
1003:
1000:
965:
960:
952:
948:
939:
935:
929:
925:
920:
916:
911:
907:
903:Hartswick 2004.
902:
898:
882:
878:
870:
866:
861:
857:
852:
848:
843:
839:
834:
830:
826:. OCLC 25009118
817:
813:
808:
804:
800:
788:
781:
778:Ludovisi Throne
775:
766:
761:
752:
742:
733:
730:
721:
715:
706:
703:
694:
691:
605:Ludovisi Throne
468:
446:Domus Augustana
424:Hadrian's Villa
394:
330:Pope Gregory XV
322:
233:
182:
177:
133:pleasure garden
103:
101:
97:
94:
89:
86:
84:
82:
81:
73:
72:
71:
70:
67:
66:
65:
64:
60:
52:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3538:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3406:
3404:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3276:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3107:Galleria Spada
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3072:Casa di Goethe
3069:
3064:
3058:
3056:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3037:Villa Torlonia
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3008:
3006:
3002:Parks, gardens
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2962:Piazza Venezia
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2942:Piazza Farnese
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2917:Piazza Colonna
2914:
2909:
2904:
2898:
2896:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2807:Trevi Fountain
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:di Ponte Sisto
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2621:Palazzo Riario
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Palazzo Mattei
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2581:Palazzo Madama
2578:
2576:Lateran Palace
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2479:
2477:
2475:Other churches
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2125:Roman Catholic
2121:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2106:
2101:
2098:Pons Fabricius
2094:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1912:
1907:
1900:
1898:Villa of Livia
1895:
1892:Villa Gordiani
1888:
1883:
1878:
1876:Flavian Palace
1873:
1866:
1859:
1851:
1849:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1799:
1797:Circus of Nero
1794:
1789:
1787:Circus Maximus
1783:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1735:Basilica Ulpia
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1713:Basilica Julia
1709:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1673:Trajan's Forum
1670:
1665:
1663:Forum of Nerva
1660:
1655:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1365:Arch of Drusus
1362:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1342:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1307:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1222:Janiculum Wall
1219:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1178:San Sebastiano
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1108:Aurelian Walls
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1049:
1042:
1018:
1017:
999:
998:External links
996:
995:
994:
991:
986:
975:
964:
961:
959:
958:
946:
933:
923:
921:Coarelli 2007.
914:
905:
896:
876:
864:
855:
846:
837:
828:
811:
801:
799:
796:
795:
794:
787:
784:
783:
782:
776:
769:
767:
762:
755:
753:
743:
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731:
724:
722:
716:
709:
707:
704:
697:
695:
692:
685:
639:
638:
628:
622:
619:
612:
601:
594:
557:
556:
549:
526:
520:
507:including the
501:
467:
464:
458:cryptoporticus
393:
390:
334:Villa Ludovisi
321:
318:
265:Roman Emperors
253:Horti Caesaris
232:
229:
181:
178:
176:
173:
147:, between the
112:
111:
79:
75:
74:
68:
62:
61:
54:
53:
46:
40:
39:
38:
37:
34:
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3537:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3450:Villa Farnese
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:Raphael Rooms
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3152:Museo di Roma
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3054:art galleries
3049:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2972:Via del Corso
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2947:Piazza Navona
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2878:Spanish Steps
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2868:Milizie Tower
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2848:Capocci Tower
2846:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2792:Quattro Fiumi
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Palazzo Spada
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2586:Palazzo Malta
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Palazzo Chigi
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2498:
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2485:
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2478:
2476:
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2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:S. Pudenziana
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
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2351:
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2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
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2268:
2266:
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2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
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2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
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2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:Casal Rotondo
1993:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1980:
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1970:
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1954:
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1949:
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1932:
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1915:Villa of the
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1782:
1780:Entertainment
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1515:Baths of Nero
1513:
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1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
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1476:Cloaca Maxima
1473:
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1385:Arch of Titus
1383:
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1375:Arch of Janus
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1338:Ancient Roman
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1287:Querquetulana
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1210:Santo Spirito
1208:
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868:
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841:
832:
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824:0-8018-4300-6
821:
815:
806:
802:
793:
792:Roman gardens
790:
789:
779:
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764:Borghese Vase
759:
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747:
740:
735:
728:
723:
719:
713:
708:
701:
696:
689:
684:
683:
682:
680:
679:Magna Graecia
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:Nike Ludovisi
651:
649:
645:
636:
632:
629:
627:
623:
620:
617:
613:
610:
609:Boston Throne
606:
602:
599:
598:Borghese Vase
595:
593:
592:Spanish Steps
589:
585:
581:
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562:
554:
550:
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543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
524:
521:
518:
517:
516:Ludovisi Gaul
512:
511:
506:
503:the group of
502:
500:
499:Magna Graecia
496:
492:
491:
490:
487:
480:
472:
463:
460:
459:
453:
451:
447:
442:
438:
436:
435:Servian Walls
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
416:
408:Aula Adrianea
406:
398:
389:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
371:
366:
362:
361:Porta Collina
358:
357:Venus Erycina
353:
350:
345:
343:
337:
335:
331:
327:
317:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
277:
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270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:Julius Caesar
242:
237:
228:
226:
221:
219:
215:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
186:
172:
170:
166:
163:. The modern
162:
161:Porta Salaria
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
119:
108:
80:
76:
50:
44:
35:
28:
23:
3494:Vatican City
3445:Villa d'Este
3435:Ostia Antica
3415:Capo di Bove
3381:Tiber Island
3290:
3283:
3271:
3249:
3032:Villa Medici
2873:Sisto Bridge
2843:Campo Verano
2747:del Pantheon
2692:Acqua Felice
2671:Villa Madama
2666:Villa Giulia
2616:Palazzo Poli
2482:
2380:S. Pancrazio
2265:S. Eustachio
2245:S. Crisogono
2195:Ss. Apostoli
2108:
2104:Ponte Milvio
2096:
2091:Pons Cestius
2089:
2071:
1994:
1971:
1916:
1902:
1890:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1846:
1845:Palaces and
1820:
1808:Ludus Magnus
1806:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1711:
1704:
1686:
1679:
1609:
1535:
1493:Public baths
1481:
1474:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1437:Aqua Claudia
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1389:
1242:Caelimontana
1237:Servian Wall
1227:Terreus Wall
1200:Cavalleggeri
1195:Leonine Wall
1173:San Giovanni
1053:
1044:
1037:
1019:
1010:
978:
970:
949:
941:
936:
926:
917:
908:
899:
891:
884:
879:
867:
858:
849:
840:
831:
814:
805:
662:
652:
640:
615:
575:
569:
558:
514:
508:
494:
488:
485:
456:
454:
443:
439:
432:
413:
411:
381:
377:
375:
368:
364:
354:
346:
341:
338:
328:, nephew of
323:
313:
303:
298:
286:
281:The Emperor
280:
275:
273:
246:
224:
222:
213:
208:
205:Pincian Hill
200:
191:
117:
115:
90:12°29′48.9″E
87:41°54′29.1″N
3330:Seven Hills
3052:Museums and
2858:Conti Tower
2712:Il Facchino
2697:Acqua Paola
2395:S. Prassede
2235:S. Clemente
2165:S. Agostino
1917:sette bassi
1863:Domus Aurea
1749:Curia Julia
1643:Roman Forum
1458:Aqua Tepula
1451:Aqua Marcia
1391:Arcus Novus
1232:Romuli Wall
844:CIL VI.5863
669:(Venus) at
450:Domus Aurea
384:) built by
320:Discoveries
257:Africa Nova
169:Sallustiano
157:Via Salaria
102: /
78:Coordinates
3509:Categories
3348:Capitoline
2992:Via Veneto
2902:Appian Way
2802:Tartarughe
2260:S. Eugenio
2200:S. Balbina
1770:Tabularium
1444:Aqua Julia
1409:Aqua Appia
1267:Fontinalis
1183:Settimiana
963:References
718:Dying Gaul
624:the dying
510:Dying Gaul
415:triclinium
243:(Lanciani)
159:and later
130:landscaped
3353:Esquiline
3322:Landscape
3017:Villa Ada
2987:Via Sacra
2732:Navicella
2707:Barcaccia
2680:Fountains
2465:S. Vitale
2460:S. Teresa
2415:S. Sabina
2127:basilicas
1802:Colosseum
1537:Ara Pacis
1529:Religious
1401:Aqueducts
1340:landmarks
1292:Trigemina
1272:Gallienus
1262:Esquilina
1257:Dolabella
1188:Tiburtina
1168:San Paolo
1138:Nomentana
1113:Ardeatina
872:Procopius
681:to Rome.
667:Aphrodite
635:Iphigenia
418:like the
349:nymphaeum
344:existed.
203:) on the
145:Region VI
3425:Frascati
3363:Quirinal
3358:Palatine
3338:Aventine
3012:Bioparco
3005:and zoos
2717:Marforio
2385:Pantheon
2305:S. Marco
1965:Commerce
1742:Comitium
1622:Pantheon
1617:Lupercal
1305:obelisks
1303:Ancient
1277:Viminale
1148:Pinciana
1133:Metronia
1128:Maggiore
1118:Asinaria
786:See also
561:Jacobsen
534:Dionysus
530:Heracles
428:nymphaea
420:Serapeum
386:Aurelian
295:Aurelian
193:Lucullus
153:Quirinal
3487:Enclave
3368:Viminal
3343:Caelian
2892:streets
2888:Squares
2817:Tritone
2812:Tritons
2742:Nettuno
2737:Neptune
2702:Babuino
2410:S. Saba
2083:Bridges
1252:Collina
1205:Pertusa
1158:Portese
1015:. 1905.
644:Eretria
631:Artemis
580:obelisk
542:Theseus
392:Remains
291:Hadrian
261:Numidia
251:as the
218:topiary
197:gardens
175:History
149:Pincian
137:Sallust
2752:Pianto
2727:Nasone
1847:villae
1468:Sewers
1282:Naevia
1247:Capena
1153:Popolo
1123:Latina
822:
746:Niobid
744:Dying
626:Niobid
546:Hermes
538:Athena
382:circus
370:tholos
310:Alaric
308:under
207:. The
3292:PietĂ
3122:MAXXI
1988:Tombs
1698:Civic
798:Notes
671:Locri
663:horti
565:Pacca
505:Gauls
378:horti
365:horti
342:horti
306:Goths
287:horti
283:Nerva
276:horti
225:horti
214:horti
209:horti
201:horti
165:rione
122:Latin
2722:Moro
1636:Fora
931:1998
820:ISBN
675:Ovid
653:The
633:and
614:the
603:the
596:the
574:the
551:the
376:The
293:and
151:and
141:Rome
116:The
3242:Art
2687:Api
2501:Arx
1143:Pia
466:Art
422:of
3511::
2890:,
1009:.
942:CQ
890:,
544:,
540:,
536:,
532:,
513:,
388:.
171:.
124::
2839:)
2835:(
1947:"
1943:"
1086:e
1079:t
1072:v
892:1
874:.
555:.
199:(
120:(
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