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were built by the company and rented to workers and their families. As the island community grew, so did their needs. Garden Island soon included a butcher, baker and a general store that sold dairy farmed on an island dairy farm. In 1867 telegraph wires dotted the island, and in 1890 the telephone arrived. Calvin was a generous benefactor to his employees, subsidizing a school, a library, post office, and several fraternal societies: a
337:, an American businessman, rented space on Garden Island to conduct his timber exportation business as the location was ideal as it provided a sheltered bay for building rafts of timber and for access to retrieve the bound rafts. Further, it allowed Calvin to operate within the British (commonwealth) system which enabled shipping to Great Britain. Vertically integrated, Calvin arranged shipment via company offices in
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The rafts were fastened together into units called "drams" that could be as large as one-half mile in length. In the early timber days, the rafts were powered either by sail or by the men using long oars known as "sweeps". The men, usually French-Canadians, would guide the rafts through the currents
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deposited the remaining overburden in the
Frontenac Islands, including Garden Island. This, the last period of glaciation in North America, transported large amounts of eroded Paleozoic and Precambrian rock from the north and deposited over the bedrock surface. The mass of the ice from the glacier
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In 1862, Calvin's company purchased the entire island. To conduct operations on the island, a small community of about 750 people resided on the island, mostly workers in Calvin's companies and their families. The island included three streets: Broadway, Fancy Street and
Blanchette Avenue. Houses
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and, later, his son, Hiram
Augustus, operated a shipping and lumber operation based on the island. There was small industry consisting of timber transported to the island on ships and then assembled into large rafts that were floated down the
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that ensued after a recession, rather than laying off employees, Calvin instead chose to reduce wages to maintain constant employment for all. In keeping with his own personal beliefs of abstention, the island embraced prohibition.
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region, the mainstay of Calvin's business retreated similarly. By 1921, the population of Garden Island had dwindled to only four residents. The island's "village status" was renounced and it was placed under the
Township of
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To subsidize timber activities and stabilize employment of his company men, Calvin started a lucrative shipbuilding business on Garden Island. In 1836, the first vessel was built for the timber trade, the 140-ton
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The island is owned today by descendants of Calvin who use it as a summer retreat. The ferry from Wolfe Island offered service to Garden Island until 1976 when it was discontinued.
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Precambrian rocks, which are part of the
Frontenac Terrane of the Central Metasedimentary Belt. This is consistent with a significant amount of the geology of
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society, an Orange Lodge and a
Masonic Lodge. The library was referred to as a "Mechanics Institute" which carried over 6,000 books as a result of a
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NASA image of Wolfe Island. Garden Island is the small island north of Wolfe Island directly beneath the mouth of the river labelled
Kingston.
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of the St. Lawrence to Quebec, a trip that could last over a month. Later, the rafts would be guided by tug-boats.
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521:"Cataraqui Source Protection Area Frontenac Islands Ground Water and Aquifer Characterization Study"
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Endowment. The island was so self-contained, that it utilized its own currency.
609:"Mr. D.D. Calvin A subject for the biographer Career of a Notable Business Man"
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The history of the former shipyard is the subject of an exhibit at the
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as they are all part of the
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268:The geology of Garden Island is consistent with
489:"Ontario Geonames GIS (on-line map and search)"
253:, few remnants of the original village exist.
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465:. Natural Resources Canada. 12 September 2016
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638:View of Garden Island harbor about 1900
611:. British Whig (Kingston). 13 June 1877.
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582:McLeod, Susanna (8 September 2010).
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457:"Toporama (on-line map and search)"
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584:"'The Governor' of Garden Island"
554:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
550:"CALVIN, DILENO (Deleno) DEXTER"
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258:Marine Museum of the Great Lakes
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63:Location in southern Ontario
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108:44.20056°N 76.46583°W
335:Delino Dexter Calvin
329:Delino Dexter Calvin
314:Wisconsinian glacier
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243:Quebec City
124:Archipelago
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87:Coordinates
648:Categories
499:2020-11-07
469:2020-11-07
439:2015-07-16
406:References
373:Temperance
251:ghost town
99:76°27′57″W
96:44°12′02″N
339:Liverpool
333:In 1844,
72:Geography
593:5 August
377:Carnegie
223:Kingston
183:Township
159:Province
77:Location
30:New York
382:In the
343:Glasgow
290:igneous
264:Geology
247:Britain
211:Ontario
208:Eastern
164:Ontario
495:. 2014
171:County
150:Canada
524:(PDF)
384:panic
206:, in
595:2016
562:2014
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341:and
288:and
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134:Area
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
