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steady food supply for their industrial interests in
Calcutta, even as millions in rural areas faced starvation. These actions contributed to escalating food prices and exacerbated the food scarcity in rural areas. The industrialists' close ties to the colonial government, with Sarkar holding the Food portfolio and Benthall controlling war transport, allowed them to prioritize feeding industrial Calcutta at the expense of the rural population. Birla reportedly used the profits generated during this crisis to purchase British industrial interests in India following independence, further consolidating his economic influence in the post-colonial era. This stark contrast between the industrialists' actions and Gandhi's public stance on fasting for the "privations of the poor millions" highlights the complex and often conflicting interests at play during this tragic period in Bengal's history.
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During this crisis, prominent industrialists like GD Birla played a controversial role. According to Janam
Mukherjee's Hungry Bengal, Birla and other industrialists like Benthall and Nalini Ranjan Sarkar actively purchased large quantities of rice from rural Bengal at inflated prices. This ensured a
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was a devastating event that resulted in the deaths of an estimated 2-3 million people in the Bengal region of
British India (present-day Bangladesh and West Bengal). The famine was caused by a complex interplay of factors, including wartime policies, economic mismanagement, and food distribution
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and moved to further diversify them into other areas. Of these, at least three contemporary family business groups existing in India today can trace their ancestry to him. Of these businesses, he wanted to turn the moneylending business into manufacturing. So he left for
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and the local population enjoy a highly symbiotic relationship with these institutions, thereby stepping towards realising Birla's dream. TIT&S also evolved as the Center of
Excellence in Textile based education and training. Moreover, G.D. Birla Memorial School,
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producing region. There, he began "ndependently as a jute broker". In 1918, he established Birla Jute Mills, much to the consternation of established
European merchants, whom the biased policies of the British government favoured other than the local
261:. After independence, Birla invested in tea and textiles through a series of acquisitions of erstwhile European companies. He also expanded and diversified into cement, chemicals, rayon and steel tubes. Ghanshyam Das Birla during the
178:. The firms started business in silver, cotton, grain and other commodities. He was succeeded by 4 sons, Jugal Kishore, Rameshwar Das, Ghanshyam Das and Braj Mohan. Ghanshyam Das was the most successful of the four brothers.
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among other educational institutions in 1943. Now Pilani also houses Birla Public School, a famous residential public school named after Birla's family and a number of polytechnic colleges. The town of
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merchants. He had to scale a number of obstacles as the
British and Scottish merchants tried to shut his business by unethical and monopolistic methods, but he was able to persevere. When
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of 1942, had conceived the idea of organising a commercial bank with Indian capital and management, and the United
Commercial Bank Limited was incorporated to give shape to that idea.
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in search of new avenues of trade. He established his firm Shiv Narian Baldeo Das in Bombay in 1884 and Baldeo Das Jugal
Kishore in 1897 in
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G. D. Birla had remarried after the death of his first wife. He had three sons, Lakshmi Nivas (son of his first wife Durga Devi),
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223:, and Patel's daughter in the background, at Birla's residence, 1946. The statue is of Raja Baldeo Das Birla in Rajasthani turban
533:
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269:, formerly United Commercial Bank, established in 1943 in Kolkata, is one of the oldest and major commercial bank of India.
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Mukherjee, Janam. Hungry Bengal: War, famine and the end of empire. Oxford
University Press, 2015.
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is his great grandson. Lakshmi Nivas was technically adopted by his older brother Jugal Kishor.
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resulted in supply problems throughout the
British Empire, Birla's business skyrocketed.
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356:. He died in London on 11 June 1983 at the age of 89. There is a memorial to him in
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5 million in 1919, the Birla Brothers Limited was formed. A mill was set up in
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438:कुछ देखा कुछ सुना (Kuch Dekha Kuch Suna or Saw Something Heard Something), 1966
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His writings are mainly collections of memoirs, letters, essays and lectures.
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376:, whom he met for the first time in 1916. Gandhi stayed at Birla's home in
364:. It comprises a large statue overlooking the gardens with an inscription.
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Envisioning infrastructural development in his hometown, Birla founded the
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139:(10 April 1894 – 11 June 1983) was an Indian businessman and member of the
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499:"Birla, Ghanshyam Das (1894–1983), businessman and politician in India".
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429:डायरी के कुछ पन्ने (Diary Ke Kuch Panne or Some pages of diary), 1940
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In the 1940s, he ventured into the territory of cars and established
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Chief Minister AP Lays the BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus Foundation
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In the Shadow of the Mahatma: a personal memoir (Calcutta, 1953)
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Rs 2.80 Billion BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus Foundation Laid
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The Indian Constitution--: A Case Study of Backward Classes
200:
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Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in trade & industry
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The Wrestler's Body: Identity and Ideology in North India
432:रुपए की कहानी (Rupaye Ki Kahani or Story of Rupee), 1948
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Birla was a close associate and a steady supporter of
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Members of the Central Legislative Assembly of India
393:failures, rather than a significant crop shortage.
367:
155:town in Jhunjhunu district, in the region known as
638:BITS Pilani Makes the Right Move at the Right Time
476:The Emissary: G. D. Birla, Gandhi and Independence
420:
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949:Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani
840:Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani
564:. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. pp. 124–.
557:
451:रूप और स्वरूप : चार विचार-प्रेरक निबंध, 1960
413:, (both sons of his second wife Mahadevi Birla).
310:Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences
151:Ghanshyam Das Birla was born on 10 April 1894 at
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383:
1127:
933:
675:
3018:Indian independence activists from Rajasthan
531:
505:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
3058:Indian founders of automobile manufacturers
551:
532:Purie, Aroon; Dubashi, Jay (5 March 2014).
181:
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940:
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682:
668:
623:AP CM Readies BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus
29:
588:. University of California Press. p. 89.
380:during the last four months of his life.
302:Birla Institute of Technology and Science
284:
276:
214:
170:. In 1884 A.D. Baldeo Das Birla went to
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2983:Founders of Indian schools and colleges
502:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
341:'s second-highest civilian honour, the
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689:
494:
492:
246:. He became the founding president of
1115:
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835:Aditya Birla Public School, Renusagar
663:
289:The statue of Ghanshyam Das Birla at
831:Aditya Birla Public School, Renukoot
3053:English-language writers from India
2932:
628:Milestone for BITS Pilani Hyderabad
489:
13:
461:
14:
3069:
3028:Indian businesspeople in textiles
611:
2931:
2922:
2921:
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1960:Chandeshwar Prasad Narayan Singh
368:Relationship with Mahatma Gandhi
3033:Indian businesspeople in cement
747:Aditya Birla Fashion and Retail
421:Writings by Ghanshyam Das Birla
272:
238:In 1926, he was elected to the
3013:People from Jhunjhunu district
705:Century Textile and Industries
598:
578:
525:
281:Birla on a 1984 stamp of India
1:
2998:Businesspeople from Rajasthan
1965:Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey
482:
384:Role during the Bengal famine
1865:Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
648:In the Shadow of the Mahatma
519:UK public library membership
240:Central Legislative Assembly
7:
3003:Businesspeople from Kolkata
2777:Gaganvihari Lallubhai Mehta
2483:Kottayan Katankot Venugopal
2468:Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi
1885:Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir
1737:Chandrika Prasad Srivastava
1577:P. Prabhakar Kumaramangalam
1401:Balwant Moreshwar Purandare
166:community. His father was
10:
3074:
2854:Karim Al Hussaini Aga Khan
2717:Pandurang Shastri Athavale
2561:Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan
2531:Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
2021:Kantilal Hastimal Sancheti
2006:A. Lakshmanaswami Mudaliar
1890:Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri
1880:Kotha Satchidananda Murthy
1667:Pattadakal Venkanna R. Rao
1632:Chakravarthi V. Narasimhan
1627:Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda
558:Ratna G. Revankar (1971).
186:G. D. Birla inherited the
3008:Businesspeople from Delhi
2907:
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2800:
2704:
2581:Raghunath Anant Mashelkar
2506:
2110:
2064:
1983:
1935:Hormasji Maneckji Seervai
1765:
1557:Dattatraya Shridhar Joshi
1484:
1266:Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer
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767:
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584:Alter, Joseph S. (1992).
454:Paths to Prosperity, 1950
400:
358:Golders Green Crematorium
298:Birla Engineering College
291:Golders Green Crematorium
113:
103:
87:
70:
60:
48:
40:
28:
21:
2879:Prithvi Raj Singh Oberoi
2732:Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
2696:S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan
2621:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
2293:Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher
1682:Khusro Faramurz Rustamji
1451:Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman
534:"I am not a businessman"
337:In 1957, he was awarded
330:and The Birla School in
182:Business of Birla family
2036:Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar
1371:Benode Behari Mukherjee
643:People who shaped India
35:Birla in September 1980
3048:Hindi-language writers
2993:Indian philanthropists
2536:Rajagopala Chidambaram
2383:Naryana Raghvan Pillai
2313:Hirendranath Mukherjee
2298:Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai
2178:Chandra Kisan Daphtary
2123:Montek Singh Ahluwalia
2046:Brihaspati Dev Triguna
1830:Lakshman Shastri Joshi
1820:John Kenneth Galbraith
1795:Suniti Kumar Chatterji
1662:C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao
1507:Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri
1406:Akkineni Nageswara Rao
1196:S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
742:Applause Entertainment
650:by Ghanshyam Das Birla
511:10.1093/ref:odnb/52776
293:
282:
227:With an investment of
224:
199:, the world's largest
133:
3043:Indian industrialists
2869:N. R. Narayana Murthy
2691:Narinder Singh Kapany
2651:Udupi Ramachandra Rao
2488:Jigme Dorji Wangchuck
2408:Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
2368:Hari Vinayak Pataskar
2193:Anthony Lancelot Dias
2163:Mirza Hameedullah Beg
2041:Prakash Narain Tandon
1652:Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
1542:Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim
1492:Bimala Prasad Chaliha
825:School and institutes
780:Indo Gulf Fertilisers
390:Bengal famine of 1943
288:
280:
218:
159:, as a member of the
131:
2849:Ashok Sekhar Ganguly
2772:Mary Clubwala Jadhav
2601:Rajendra K. Pachauri
2571:Daulat Singh Kothari
2556:A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
2478:M. N. Venkatachaliah
2473:Atal Bihari Vajpayee
2303:Jivraj Narayan Mehta
2213:P. B. Gajendragadkar
2143:Madhav Shrihari Aney
1975:Bashir Hussain Zaidi
1800:D. P. Chattopadhyaya
1775:V. S. R. Arunachalam
1747:Arun Shridhar Vaidya
1687:Harish Chandra Sarin
1622:A. Ramasamy Mudaliar
1562:Ajudhiya Nath Khosla
1532:Jyotindra Nath Dixit
1376:Hrishikesh Mukherjee
1356:Kelucharan Mohapatra
1301:Yamini Krishnamurthy
1231:Adoor Gopalakrishnan
1211:Hariprasad Chaurasia
1186:M. Balamuralikrishna
1101:Kumar Mangalam Birla
856:Kumar Mangalam Birla
799:Foreign subsidiaries
415:Kumar Mangalam Birla
168:Raja Baldevdas Birla
147:Birla family history
2844:Ghanshyam Das Birla
2498:Mulayam Singh Yadav
2398:Ravi Narayana Reddy
2358:Nanabhoy Palkhivala
2308:V. K. Krishna Menon
2258:Murli Manohar Joshi
2223:Ismaïl Omar Guelleh
2203:Kazi Lhendup Dorjee
2198:Uma Shankar Dikshit
2148:Parkash Singh Badal
2016:Autar Singh Paintal
1840:Dhondo Keshav Karve
1785:Satyendra Nath Bose
1757:Narinder Nath Vohra
1727:Lallan Prasad Singh
1411:Kaloji Narayana Rao
1361:Raghunath Mohapatra
1296:Ghulam Mustafa Khan
891:Aditya Vikram Birla
881:Rameshwar Das Birla
876:Madhav Prasad Birla
871:Krishna Kumar Birla
715:Hindalco Industries
448:ध्रुवोपाख्यान, 1960
347:Government of India
263:Quit India Movement
254:in Delhi in 1932 .
248:Harijan Sevak Sangh
137:Ghanshyam Das Birla
132:G. D. Birla in 1946
94:Krishna Kumar Birla
91:Lakshmi Nivas Birla
23:Ghanshyam Das Birla
2864:Anil Manibhai Naik
2832:Trade and industry
2606:Benjamin Peary Pal
2566:Har Gobind Khorana
2403:Y. Venugopal Reddy
2243:Lakshmi Chand Jain
2233:V. R. Krishna Iyer
2072:Sunderlal Bahuguna
1991:Jasbir Singh Bajaj
1870:Sitakant Mahapatra
1642:Bhairab Dutt Pande
1582:Pratap Chandra Lal
1456:M. S. Subbulakshmi
1336:Mallikarjun Mansur
1091:Chittaranjan Mitra
768:Previous companies
691:Aditya Birla Group
656:by Janam Mukherjee
294:
283:
235:in the same year.
225:
134:
98:Basant Kumar Birla
16:Indian businessman
2968:Rajasthani people
2945:
2944:
2808:Viswanathan Anand
2767:Veerendra Heggade
2747:Nirmala Deshpande
2737:Durgabai Deshmukh
2722:Janaki Devi Bajaj
2686:M. S. Swaminathan
2138:Adarsh Sein Anand
2092:Vishwesha Teertha
2056:Dilip Mahalanabis
1950:Govindbhai Shroff
1945:Kalu Lal Shrimali
1850:Radheshyam Khemka
1732:Balaram Sivaraman
1602:Mohan Sinha Mehta
1461:K. G. Subramanyan
1396:K. Shankar Pillai
1351:Chhannulal Mishra
1109:
1108:
1074:
1073:
915:
914:
710:Grasim Industries
571:978-0-8386-7670-7
517:(Subscription or
471:(New Delhi, 1985)
435:बापू (Bapu), 1941
300:(rechristened as
221:Vallabhbhai Patel
219:G. D. Birla with
197:Bengal Presidency
124:
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2889:Prathap C. Reddy
2839:Dhirubhai Ambani
2823:Sachin Tendulkar
2762:Valerian Gracias
2681:George Sudarshan
2676:M. R. Srinivasan
2661:Man Mohan Sharma
2626:K. R. Ramanathan
2591:Roddam Narasimha
2586:G. Madhavan Nair
2373:Sunder Lal Patwa
2348:Fali Sam Nariman
2338:Gulzarilal Nanda
2323:Pranab Mukherjee
2268:Mehdi Nawaz Jung
2263:Anerood Jugnauth
2208:George Fernandes
2158:Milon K. Banerji
2077:B. K. S. Iyengar
1845:Gopinath Kaviraj
1825:Sarvepalli Gopal
1780:Jagdish Bhagwati
1692:Binay Ranjan Sen
1637:Braj Kumar Nehru
1597:Om Prakash Mehra
1572:V. Krishnamurthy
1547:H. V. R. Iyengar
1502:T. N. Chaturvedi
1471:Homai Vyarawalla
1466:Kapila Vatsyayan
1446:Shivkumar Sharma
1191:T. Balasaraswati
1176:Amitabh Bachchan
1136:
1129:
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1113:
1112:
991:
990:
942:
935:
928:
919:
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886:Shobhana Bhartia
861:Baldeo Das Birla
732:UltraTech Cement
684:
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259:Hindustan Motors
230:
108:Baldeo Das Birla
55:
33:
19:
18:
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2792:Nellie Sengupta
2742:Nanaji Deshmukh
2700:
2656:Vikram Sarabhai
2596:Jayant Narlikar
2576:Verghese Kurien
2508:
2502:
2458:Kalyan Sundaram
2283:Hans Raj Khanna
2253:Aditya Nath Jha
2218:Benjamin Gilman
2106:
2082:Rambhadracharya
2060:
2051:M. S. Valiathan
2011:S. I. Padmavati
1979:
1955:Khushwant Singh
1940:Rajaram Shastri
1905:P. Parameswaran
1805:Bhabatosh Datta
1767:
1766:Literature and
1761:
1672:V. K. R. V. Rao
1647:Ghananand Pande
1617:Sumati Morarjee
1567:Rai Krishnadasa
1517:Rajeshwar Dayal
1480:
1391:D. K. Pattammal
1326:Lata Mangeshkar
1246:Bhupen Hazarika
1241:Gangubai Hangal
1226:Kumar Gandharva
1166:Kishori Amonkar
1149:
1147:Padma Vibhushan
1140:
1110:
1105:
1070:
1054:
1038:
1022:Technical fests
1017:
982:
951:
946:
916:
911:
895:
844:
820:
816:Domsjö Fabriker
794:
763:
752:Tarun Tahiliani
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464:
462:Further reading
423:
403:
386:
370:
343:Padma Vibhushan
275:
228:
188:family business
184:
149:
96:
92:
83:
53:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3071:
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3060:
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3045:
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3038:Indian bankers
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2859:Lakshmi Mittal
2856:
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2820:
2815:
2813:Edmund Hillary
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2787:Sister Nirmala
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2646:Palle Rama Rao
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2541:Charles Correa
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2526:Norman Borlaug
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2438:Nagendra Singh
2435:
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2423:M. C. Setalvad
2420:
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2413:Lakshmi Sahgal
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2273:Ali Yavar Jung
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2200:
2195:
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2188:C. D. Deshmukh
2185:
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2168:P. N. Bhagwati
2165:
2160:
2155:
2153:Sikander Bakht
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2128:Aruna Asaf Ali
2125:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2111:Public affairs
2108:
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2018:
2013:
2008:
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1970:Mahadevi Varma
1967:
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1860:O. N. V. Kurup
1857:
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1815:Mahasweta Devi
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1717:Manmohan Singh
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1707:Harbaksh Singh
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1657:T. V. Rajeswar
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1612:Brajesh Mishra
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1607:M. G. K. Menon
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1552:Bhola Nath Jha
1549:
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1497:Naresh Chandra
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1331:Sonal Mansingh
1328:
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1321:Kishan Maharaj
1318:
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1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1291:Bismillah Khan
1288:
1286:Allauddin Khan
1283:
1281:Amjad Ali Khan
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1276:Ali Akbar Khan
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1161:Ebrahim Alkazi
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1059:Literary fests
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849:Notable people
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612:External links
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594:978-0520076976
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467:Jajni, R. N.,
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443:Jamnalal Bajaj
441:जमनालाल बजाज (
439:
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2894:J. R. D. Tata
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2874:M. Narasimham
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2666:Obaid Siddiqi
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2551:Anil Kakodkar
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2546:Satish Dhawan
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2493:S. M. Krishna
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2464:
2463:Sushma Swaraj
2461:
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2453:Soli Sorabjee
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2448:Walter Sisulu
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2001:Purshotam Lal
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2843:
2757:U. N. Dhebar
2752:Mohan Dharia
2641:C. N. R. Rao
2631:Raja Ramanna
2507:Science and
2443:Swaran Singh
2428:Kalyan Singh
2418:P. A. Sangma
2378:Sharad Pawar
2363:K. Parasaran
2353:Hosei Norota
2278:Vijay Kelkar
2248:Arun Jaitley
2228:Zakir Husain
2118:L. K. Advani
2087:Ravi Shankar
1722:Tarlok Singh
1712:Kirpal Singh
1522:Basanti Devi
1512:Suranjan Das
1441:V. Shantaram
1436:Ravi Shankar
1431:Uday Shankar
1426:Zohra Sehgal
1416:Satyajit Ray
1311:R. K. Laxman
1251:M. F. Husain
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141:Birla Family
136:
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119:Birla family
54:(1983-06-11)
52:11 June 1983
2963:1983 deaths
2958:1894 births
2937:WikiProject
2884:Azim Premji
2705:Social work
2616:I. G. Patel
2516:V. K. Aatre
2509:engineering
2433:Karan Singh
2393:N. G. Ranga
2388:Sri Prakasa
2288:V. N. Khare
2102:B. V. Doshi
1996:B. K. Goyal
1875:John Mathai
1752:Dharma Vira
1702:Arjan Singh
1697:Homi Sethna
1677:Bipin Rawat
1386:Ram Narayan
1381:Rajinikanth
1341:Zubin Mehta
1306:Dilip Kumar
1261:Ilaiyaraaja
1221:Girija Devi
1216:Chiranjeevi
1201:Asha Bhosle
1171:Prabha Atre
1096:K. K. Birla
1086:G. D. Birla
866:G. D. Birla
538:India Today
469:G. D. Birla
250:founded by
210:World War I
61:Nationality
2952:Categories
2899:Ratan Tata
2782:Usha Mehta
1930:Ramoji Rao
1790:Tara Chand
1587:K. B. Lall
1537:M. S. Gill
1527:P. N. Dhar
1421:S. H. Raza
1181:Teejan Bai
1143:Recipients
757:Sabyasachi
543:28 January
521:required.)
483:References
474:Ross, A.,
354:vegetarian
328:B.K. Birla
164:Maheshwari
77:Durga Devi
3023:Gandhians
2712:Baba Amte
2636:C. R. Rao
2521:Salim Ali
2133:Fazal Ali
2031:V. Shanta
1915:K. N. Raj
1768:education
978:Hyderabad
698:Companies
378:New Delhi
157:Rajputana
114:Relatives
2927:Category
2818:Mary Kom
2727:Mirabehn
2611:Yash Pal
2238:Jagmohan
2183:Niren De
1984:Medicine
1925:Raja Rao
324:Ranikhet
308:and the
267:UCO Bank
193:Calcutta
176:Calcutta
88:Children
1855:Kuvempu
811:Novelis
720:Novelis
345:by the
314:Bhiwani
233:Gwalior
206:Bengali
161:Marwari
71:Spouses
2917:Portal
2801:Sports
1079:People
963:Pilani
956:Campus
900:Others
806:Aleris
785:Minacs
725:Aleris
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515:
478:(1986)
401:Legacy
362:London
332:Kalyan
319:Pilani
306:Pilani
172:Bombay
153:Pilani
104:Father
65:Indian
2065:Other
1034:ATMOS
1029:Quark
1013:Pearl
1008:Waves
1003:Oasis
987:Fests
968:Dubai
339:India
1154:Arts
1050:BOSM
590:ISBN
566:ISBN
545:2017
409:and
388:The
201:jute
117:see
49:Died
41:Born
1145:of
973:Goa
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229:₹
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