37:
340:. It can last for several years on land used by either sheep or cattle, and is found on most land of this type throughout the world. Due to its survival length in these areas, it is unrealistic to try to remove it. Sheep most often get scald due to breakage or weakness of the skin surrounding the hoof. This can occur due to strong footbaths, sandy soils, mild frostbite, or prolongened waterlogging of a field, and results in denaturing of the skin between the cleats.
1504:
806:
Centor RM, Atkinson TP, Ratliff AE, Xiao L, Crabb DM, Estrada CA, Faircloth MB, Oestreich L, Hatchett J, Khalife W, Waites KB (February 2015). "The clinical presentation of
Fusobacterium-positive and streptococcal-positive pharyngitis in a university health clinic: a cross-sectional study".
277:
as the predominant causative organism for pharyngitis 21% of the time (and found in 9% of asymptomatic students). In the same study, Group A Streptococcus was found in 10% of pharyngitis patients (1% of asymptomatic students).
329:
occurs naturally in the animal's environment, especially in wet, muddy, or unsanitary conditions, such as an unclean stall. Horses with deep clefts, or narrow or contracted heels are more at-risk to develop thrush.
986:"Subcutaneous Immunization with Inactivated Bacterial Components and Purified Protein of Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium necrophorum and Trueperella pyogenes Prevents Puerperal Metritis in Holstein Dairy Cows"
1077:
1070:
1645:
1063:
1619:
945:
1658:
1098:
964:
916:
273:
The above statistical analysis is dated, necessarily. A 2015 study of young adult students presenting to a single clinic in
Alabama had
1606:
1632:
1637:
599:
as the cause of recurrent sore throat: comparison of isolates from persistent sore throat syndrome and
Lemierre's disease".
850:
1724:
1558:
900:
1055:
1709:
1663:
1230:
1254:
1471:
1146:
36:
1494:
401:"Human infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum (Necrobacillosis), with a focus on Lemierre's syndrome"
1673:
1462:
1409:
1416:
1365:
267:
1719:
1714:
1455:
1042:
254:
Although this infection is rare, researchers agree that this diagnosis should be considered in a
927:
1624:
1520:
1448:
1289:
1090:
352:
212:
181:
154:
1423:
1354:
232:
208:
166:
121:
1686:
1402:
1395:
1345:
1225:
1193:
997:
8:
1650:
1171:
1086:
1001:
636:"Fusobacterium necrophorum: most prevalent pathogen in peritonsillar abscess in Denmark"
1333:
1159:
1136:
1020:
985:
832:
577:
485:
433:
400:
346:
is the cause of necrotic laryngitis ("calf diphtheria") and liver abscesses in cattle.
31:
1681:
1580:
1323:
1025:
896:
877:
824:
788:
743:
702:
697:
676:
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301:
appears anecdotally to have a higher relapse rate, although the reasons are unclear.
185:
1085:
836:
489:
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1215:
1210:
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520:
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248:
189:
88:
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1164:
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1010:
336:
is also a cause for lameness in sheep. Its infection is commonly called scald or
1508:
1476:
1434:
1269:
1094:
612:
310:
240:
78:
68:
58:
1703:
1543:
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1386:
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828:
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infections: Virulence factors, pathogenic mechanism and control measures".
442:
374:
322:
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and other upper respiratory tract pathogens isolated from throat swabs".
416:
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162:
1611:
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318:
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244:
236:
228:
224:
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1126:
854:
820:
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This bacterium has been found to be associated with the foot disease
290:
158:
1514:
289:
infection (also called F-throat) usually responds to treatment with
1598:
1537:
1503:
1370:
1183:
1142:
895:(Sixth ed.). Danville, IL: Interstate Publishers. p. 62.
738:
721:
652:
635:
337:
150:
48:
1567:
449:
722:"Human necrobacillosis, with emphasis on Lemierre's syndrome"
456:
Tan, Z. L.; Nagaraja, T. G.; Chengappa, M. M. (March 1996). "
314:
216:
1151:
258:
patient with thrombosis in an unusual site, and underlying
719:
805:
633:
379:
List of
Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
681:
meningitis associated with cerebral vessel thrombosis"
674:
503:
Aliyu SH, Marriott RK, Curran MD, et al. (2004).
1492:
509:
as a cause of acute pharyngitis in general practice"
505:"Real-time PCR investigation into the importance of
455:
502:
893:Horses and Horsemanship: Animal Agriculture Series
317:. Thrush is a common infection that occurs on the
767:infection associated with portal vein thrombosis"
1701:
890:
760:
851:"Sore Throat Misdiagnosis Could Kill Teenagers"
634:Klug TE, Rusan M, Fuursted K, Ovesen T (2009).
321:of a horse, specifically in the region of the
1071:
875:
799:
594:
675:Larsen PD, Chartrand SA, Adickes M (1997).
355:, an archaic disease of uncertain etiology.
207:, 21% of recurrent sore throats and 23% of
1078:
1064:
297:, but penicillin treatment for persistent
1277:
1019:
1009:
984:Machado, Vinícius Silva (17 March 2014).
782:
737:
720:Hagelskjaer Kristensen L, Prag J (2000).
696:
651:
547:
524:
496:
432:
262:should be excluded in cases of confirmed
1321:
548:Batty A, Wren MW (2005). "Prevalence of
541:
1051:– the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
983:
398:
372:
304:
1702:
1519:
1518:
1059:
884:
761:Redford ML, Ellis R, Rees CJ (2005).
366:
137:(Flügge 1886) Moore and Holdeman 1969
1674:59e31780-99c5-483d-bc34-b34c21065ebb
943:
962:
211:with the remainder being caused by
13:
978:
462:Veterinary Research Communications
188:and is a common inhabitant of the
157:. It has also been known to cause
14:
1736:
1036:
876:Danvers Child, CJF (7 May 2011).
595:Batty A, Wren MW, Gal M (2004). "
1502:
698:10.1097/00006454-199703000-00017
203:is responsible for 10% of acute
195:
35:
956:
946:"Necrotic Laryngitis in Cattle"
937:
909:
869:
843:
754:
399:Riordan, Terry (October 2007).
713:
668:
627:
588:
566:10.1080/09674845.2005.11732687
392:
1:
405:Clinical Microbiology Reviews
360:
1472:Streptobacillus moniliformis
1011:10.1371/journal.pone.0091734
969:MSD Manual Veterinary Manual
950:MSD Manual Veterinary Manual
281:
7:
1231:Louse borne relapsing fever
965:"Liver Abscesses in Cattle"
219:. Other complications from
192:within humans and animals.
180:is a rod-shaped species of
10:
1741:
1725:Bacteria described in 1886
1255:Tick borne relapsing fever
613:10.1016/j.jinf.2004.09.013
172:
1651:fusobacterium-necrophorum
1559:Fusobacterium necrophorum
1529:Fusobacterium necrophorum
1527:
1463:Fusobacterium polymorphum
1444:Fusobacterium necrophorum
1433:
1410:Capnocytophaga canimorsus
1385:
1312:
1268:
1181:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1045:Fusobacterium necrophorum
891:Ensminger, M. E. (1990).
765:Fusobacterium necrophorum
679:Fusobacterium necrophorum
597:Fusobacterium necrophorum
550:Fusobacterium necrophorum
507:Fusobacterium necrophorum
458:Fusobacterium necrophorum
146:Fusobacterium necrophorum
131:Fusobacterium necrophorum
127:
120:
32:Scientific classification
30:
25:Fusobacterium necrophorum
23:
1417:Porphyromonas gingivalis
1366:Lymphogranuloma venereum
1456:Fusobacterium nucleatum
878:"The Lowdown on Thrush"
243:, and infection of the
209:peritonsillar abscesses
1710:Gram-negative bacteria
1290:Leptospira interrogans
182:Gram-negative bacteria
167:odontogenic infections
1424:Prevotella intermedia
1355:Chlamydia trachomatis
855:The People's Pharmacy
784:10.1099/jmm.0.46080-0
526:10.1099/jmm.0.45648-0
233:internal jugular vein
1403:Tannerella forsythia
1396:Bacteroides fragilis
1346:Chlamydia pneumoniae
1226:Borrelia recurrentis
1194:Borrelia burgdorferi
933:on 16 December 2008.
685:Pediatr Infect Dis J
417:10.1128/CMR.00011-07
305:Infection in animals
213:Group A streptococci
16:Species of bacterium
1449:Lemierre's syndrome
1172:Treponema denticola
1002:2014PLoSO...991734M
963:Foreman, Jonathan.
917:"Lameness in Sheep"
266:occurring at sites
155:Lemierre's syndrome
113:F. necrophorum
1334:Chlamydia psittaci
1160:Treponema carateum
1137:Treponema pallidum
1087:Bacterial diseases
857:. 19 February 2015
519:(Pt 10): 1029–35.
474:10.1007/BF00385634
1697:
1696:
1682:Open Tree of Life
1521:Taxon identifiers
1490:
1489:
1381:
1380:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1264:
1263:
971:. Merck & Co.
952:. Merck & Co.
646:(10): 1467–1472.
227:, complicated by
186:obligate anaerobe
142:
141:
1732:
1690:
1689:
1677:
1676:
1667:
1666:
1654:
1653:
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1547:
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1516:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1498:
1319:
1318:
1275:
1274:
1250:Borrelia parkeri
1244:Borrelia duttoni
1238:Borrelia hermsii
1216:Neuroborreliosis
1211:Erythema migrans
1200:Borrelia afzelii
1122:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1033:
1023:
1013:
973:
972:
960:
954:
953:
944:Campbell, John.
941:
935:
934:
932:
926:. Archived from
921:
913:
907:
906:
888:
882:
881:
873:
867:
866:
864:
862:
847:
841:
840:
821:10.7326/M14-1305
809:Ann. Intern. Med
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249:gastrointestinal
190:alimentary tract
153:responsible for
149:is a species of
133:
89:Fusobacteriaceae
40:
39:
21:
20:
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1501:
1493:
1491:
1486:
1481:Haverhill fever
1429:
1377:
1300:
1260:
1177:
1117:Spirochaetaceae
1102:
1084:
1043:Type strain of
1039:
981:
979:Further reading
976:
961:
957:
942:
938:
930:
919:
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771:J Med Microbiol
759:
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726:Clin Infect Dis
718:
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673:
669:
640:Clin Infect Dis
632:
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554:Br J Biomed Sci
546:
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513:J Med Microbiol
501:
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450:
397:
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375:"Fusobacterium"
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284:
198:
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135:
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116:
79:Fusobacteriales
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1738:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1720:Fusobacteriota
1717:
1715:Horse diseases
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1668:
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1477:Rat-bite fever
1467:
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1459:
1452:
1439:
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1435:Fusobacteriota
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1272:
1270:Leptospiraceae
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1095:proteobacteria
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1037:External links
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980:
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798:
777:(5): 993–995.
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739:10.1086/313970
732:(2): 524–532.
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691:(3): 330–331.
667:
653:10.1086/644616
626:
607:(4): 299–306.
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495:
468:(2): 113–140.
448:
411:(4): 622–659.
391:
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344:F. necrophorum
334:F. necrophorum
327:F. necrophorum
306:
303:
287:F. necrophorum
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275:F. necrophorum
264:F. necrophorum
241:cerebral veins
221:F. necrophorum
201:F. necrophorum
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178:F. necrophorum
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1295:Leptospirosis
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1114:
1111:
1109:
1108:Spirochaetota
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1091:gram negative
1088:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1041:
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1007:
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999:
996:(3): e91734.
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902:0-8134-2883-1
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295:metronidazole
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196:Pathogenicity
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122:Binomial name
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100:Fusobacterium
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69:Fusobacteriia
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1387:Bacteroidota
1353:
1344:
1332:
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1248:
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1236:
1224:
1206:Lyme disease
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939:
928:the original
924:defra Gov.uk
923:
911:
892:
886:
871:
859:. Retrieved
845:
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1314:Chlamydiota
861:20 February
299:pharyngitis
256:septicaemic
184:. It is an
163:mastoiditis
1704:Categories
1280:Leptospira
361:References
260:malignancy
245:urogenital
237:thrombosis
229:thrombosis
225:meningitis
1361:Chlamydia
1324:Chlamydia
1127:Treponema
425:0893-8512
351:See also
291:augmentin
282:Treatment
159:sinusitis
107:Species:
1625:10032588
1538:Wikidata
1371:Trachoma
1184:Borrelia
1143:Syphilis
1030:24638139
990:PLOS ONE
837:40091134
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601:J Infect
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338:foot rot
251:tracts.
247:and the
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151:bacteria
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45:Domain:
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1568:BacDive
1544:Q676829
1509:Biology
1089:due to
1021:3956715
998:Bibcode
707:9076827
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434:2176048
239:of the
231:of the
217:viruses
173:Biology
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165:, and
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1165:Pinta
1147:bejel
931:(PDF)
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833:S2CID
578:S2CID
486:S2CID
384:9 May
353:Blain
1659:NCBI
1646:LPSN
1633:ITIS
1607:GBIF
1594:EPPO
1573:5760
1152:Yaws
1093:non-
1049:Dive
1026:PMID
897:ISBN
863:2015
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744:PMID
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570:PMID
531:PMID
478:PMID
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421:ISSN
386:2012
323:frog
319:hoof
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1099:BV4
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1006:doi
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