1016:
structured spiritual formation, fidelity to the means of grace; and responsible witness both in public and in private—all of which converge in holiness of heart and life, which for us
Methodists will always be the "central idea of Christianity." These are bedrock essentials, and without them we shall have no heritage at all. Though we may neglect them, these principles never change. But our prudentials often do. Granted, some of these are so basic to our DNA that to give them up would be to alter the character of our movement. Wesley, for example, believed that the prudentials of early Methodism were so necessary to guard its principles that to lose the first would be also to lose the second. His immediate followers should have listened to his caution, as should we. For throughout our history, foolish men have often imperiled our treasure by their brutal assault against the walls which our founders raised to contain them. Having said this, we must add that we have had many other prudentials less significant to our common life which have come and gone throughout our history. For instance, weekly class meetings, quarterly love feasts, and Friday fast days were once practiced universally among us, as was the appointment of circuit-riding ministers assisted by "exhorters" and "local preachers."
31:
172:. They specify that all Fridays throughout the year and the time of Lent are penitential times throughout the entire Church. All adults (those who have attained the 'age of majority', which is 18 years in canon law) are bound by ecclesiastical law to fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday until the beginning of their sixtieth year. All persons who have completed their fourteenth year are bound by the law of abstinence on all Fridays unless the Friday is a
339:
325:
288:, state: "It is expected of all who desire to continue in these societies that they should continue to evidence their desire of salvation, by attending upon all the ordinances of God, such are: the public worship of God; the ministry of the Word, either read or expounded; the Supper of the Lord; family and private prayer; searching the Scriptures; and fasting or abstinence." A principal Methodist liturgical book
176:, and again on Ash Wednesday; but in practice, this requirement has been greatly reduced by the Episcopal Conferences because under Canon 1253, it is these Conferences that have the authority to set down the local norms for fasting and abstinence in their territories. The precept to both fast and abstain on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday is usually not dispensed from.
703:
Abstinence is one of our oldest
Christian traditions. "From the first century, the day of the crucifixion has been traditionally observed as a day of abstaining from flesh meat ("black fast") to honor Christ who sacrificed his flesh on a Friday" (Klein, P., Catholic Source Book, 78). ... Since Jesus
410:
The Holy
Tradition (written and oral) of the Eastern Orthodox Christian Church, while advising avoidance of olive oil, meat, fish, milk, and dairy products every Wednesday and Friday throughout the year, additionally includes four principal fasting periods per year when meat as well as dairy products
1015:
Principles which underlie our
Wesleyan/holiness heritage include such commitments as unquestioned scriptural authority; classical orthodox theology; identity with the one holy and apostolic church; warmhearted evangelical experience; love perfected in sanctifying grace; careful, disciplined living;
160:
shall be observed on all
Fridays of the year in commemoration of the day of the week of the Lord's Crucifixion. Abstinence on all Fridays outside of Lent is still the preferred practice among many Catholics, who choose to maintain this tradition rather than substituting an alternative penance. Most
129:
According to
Nikodemos the Hagiorite, Orthodox Christians are required to fast on Wednesdays and Fridays, which to eat but once a day, in the afternoon, without consuming oil or wine. The Wednesday fast is observed because on this day the council of the Jews was gathered to betray Jesus Christ; the
179:
Catholics may eat only one full meal on a fast day. Additionally, they are permitted to eat up to two small meals or snacks, known as collations. Church requirements on fasting only relate to solid food, not to drink, so Church law does not restrict the amount of water or other beverages – even
613:
The fast of
Wednesdays and Fridays: Besides the aforesaid fasts, the Church fasts on Wednesdays and Fridays throughout the year except any solemn feast falling on these days and the fifty days after the Easter. The Significance of Wednesday is that it was on this day that the Jews made plot to
957:, wrote on Friday, August 17, 1739, that "many of our society met, as we had appointed, at one in the afternoon and agreed that all members of our society should obey the Church to which we belong by observing 'all Fridays in the year' as 'days of fasting and abstinence.'
863:
By many
Lutherans Good Friday is observed as a strict fast. The lessons on Ash Wednesday emphasize the proper idea of the fast. The Sundays in Lent receive their names from the first words of their Introits in the Latin service, Invocavit, Reminiscere, Oculi, Lcetare,
294:(put together by Wesley), as well as the Directions Given to Band Societies (25 December 1744), mandate fasting and abstinence from meat on all Fridays of the year (except Christmas Day, if it falls on a Friday), a practice that was reemphasized by
878:
The book of common prayer, and administration of the sacraments, and other rites and ceremonies of the church, according to the use of the Church of
England: together with the psalter or Psalms of David, pointed as they are to be sung or said in
91:, written in the first century A.D., directed Christians to fast on both Wednesdays (the fourth day of the week) and Fridays (the sixth day of the week). The Wednesday fast is done in remembrance of the story of the betrayal of Christ by
111:
as a day of strict fasting and abstinence from alcohol, meat and lacticinia (milk and milk products). Abstinence from meat on
Fridays is done as a sacrifice by many Christians because they believe that on
272:, or any Friday which may intervene between these Feasts" as days "on which the church requires such a measure of abstinence as is more especially suited to extraordinary acts and exercises of devotion".
116:, Jesus sacrificed his flesh for humanity. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, in addition to fasting from food until sundown, the faithful are enjoined to abstain from sexual relations on Fridays as well.
827:
The Good Friday fast became the principal fast in the calendar, and even after the Reformation in Germany many Lutherans who observed no other fast scrupulously kept Good Friday with strict fasting.
180:
alcoholic drinks – which may be consumed. Church law on fasting has changed over the centuries since fasting is a discipline which may be altered by legitimate Church authorities.
211:
Abstain from or limit a favorite activity (television, movies, etc.) for the entire season, and spend more time in prayer, Bible study, and reading devotional material.
152:
and through the year. Previously, the requirement to abstain from meat on all Fridays of the year applied for those age seven or older. Canons 1252 and 1253 of the
1962:
690:
793:
572:
2290:
1994:
423:
442:
1064:
156:
express this same rule, and added that Bishops may permit substitution of other penitential practices for Fridays outside of Lent, but that some form of
1251:
1720:
139:
753:
145:
686:
392:
Mazokopakis, Elias E. (2018). "Why is Meat Excluded from the Orthodox Christian Diet during Fasting? A Religious and Medical Approach".
1261:
130:
Friday fast because on this day he suffered death. The supper that is eaten after the fast is broken in the evening is usually vegan.
2258:
2082:
1908:
1266:
1057:
3893:
2495:
3656:
1933:
900:
Tables and Rules for the Movable and Immovable Feasts, Together with the Days of Fasting and Abstinence, through the Whole Year
241:
designates "All the Fridays in the Year, except Christmas Day" as "days of fasting or abstinence", alongside the forty days of
2050:
1710:
850:
3243:
2933:
290:
3278:
1791:
1633:
1050:
30:
165:. No episcopal conference has lifted the obligation for either fasting or abstinence for Ash Wednesday and Good Friday.
1986:
475:"Abstain" means: abstaining from animal meat (fish and seafood is acceptable); wine & alcohol (beer is acceptable).
449:
744:
1954:
1848:
1010:
978:
946:
820:
565:
3671:
3098:
1801:
1668:
261:
471:"Fast" Limiting the quantity of food. On fasting days, two ÂĽ meals are eaten, and one regular meal in the evening.
3288:
2857:
2242:
2210:
453:
205:
Eliminate a food or food group for the entire season. Especially consider saving rich and fatty foods for Easter.
87:
3898:
3803:
3343:
1893:
1878:
1821:
717:
3818:
3742:
3580:
2988:
2423:
2335:
2114:
1978:
1745:
899:
144:
In Catholicism, specific regulations are passed by individual episcopates. In the United States in 1966, the
2162:
1673:
1382:
1256:
995:
3787:
2842:
2202:
1320:
1175:
17:
3088:
2807:
2298:
2234:
2074:
2042:
1816:
1730:
1365:
66:
54:
704:
sacrificed his flesh for us on Good Friday, we refrain from eating flesh meat in his honor on Fridays.
614:
crucify Jesus Christ and Friday to commemorate His passion, crucifixion and death for the whole world.
3903:
3138:
2993:
2953:
2391:
2282:
2266:
1811:
1806:
1796:
1499:
1462:
1142:
768:
199:
Fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday with only one simple meal during the day, usually without meat.
672:
3711:
3686:
3570:
3068:
2958:
2367:
1883:
1698:
1541:
1225:
1180:
792:
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (2022).
148:
passed Norms II and IV that bound all persons from age fourteen to abstain from meat on Fridays of
3273:
3833:
3425:
2938:
2138:
2034:
1853:
1378:
1340:
1210:
1195:
1100:
600:
352:
161:
episcopal conferences have not allowed the substitution of an alternative penance for Fridays of
62:
215:
It is the practice of many Lutherans to abstain from alcohol and meat on the Fridays of Lent; a
3213:
3113:
2797:
2542:
2194:
2146:
2130:
1693:
1688:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1373:
1215:
1170:
1037:
886:
169:
153:
42:
3510:
1524:
202:
Refrain from eating meat (bloody foods) on all Fridays in Lent, substituting fish for example.
3848:
3640:
3555:
3308:
2968:
2647:
2274:
2058:
1420:
1405:
1325:
1130:
905:
417:
372:
269:
233:
3691:
3545:
3460:
3368:
3218:
3028:
2888:
2463:
2154:
2122:
2010:
2002:
1913:
1863:
1415:
1220:
8:
3888:
3808:
3737:
3540:
3298:
3293:
3283:
3268:
3258:
3188:
3168:
3123:
2777:
2637:
2455:
2318:
2170:
1588:
1271:
1241:
1190:
846:
330:
3328:
3018:
2862:
3908:
3762:
3752:
3666:
3595:
3530:
3480:
3338:
3043:
2898:
2672:
2178:
2026:
1888:
1858:
1638:
1628:
1410:
1355:
1205:
660:
344:
306:
284:
on Fridays throughout the year. The General Rules written by the founder of Methodism,
813:
Commentary on the Lutheran Book of Worship: Lutheran Liturgy in Its Ecumenical Context
495:
3676:
3560:
3430:
3420:
3415:
3313:
3048:
3023:
2928:
2913:
2878:
2822:
2772:
2727:
2677:
2632:
2582:
2479:
2407:
2375:
2359:
2343:
2018:
1970:
1750:
1563:
1200:
1147:
974:
942:
816:
299:
238:
3838:
3828:
3767:
3681:
3630:
3600:
3575:
3535:
3445:
3198:
3178:
3103:
2918:
2752:
2707:
2662:
2627:
2528:
2521:
2471:
2439:
2327:
2106:
1868:
1623:
1536:
1388:
882:
405:
401:
362:
357:
2692:
971:
The Holiness-Pentecostal Tradition: Charismatic Movements in the Twentieth Century
3843:
3782:
3772:
3747:
3590:
3520:
3515:
3485:
3400:
3358:
3223:
3193:
3183:
3143:
3133:
3073:
3033:
3013:
2963:
2923:
2893:
2852:
2847:
2617:
2592:
2447:
2218:
2090:
1836:
1770:
1430:
1137:
748:
70:
3757:
107:. As such, all Fridays of the year have been historically kept in many parts of
3865:
3860:
3855:
3550:
3525:
3500:
3333:
3173:
3153:
3118:
3063:
3053:
3003:
2998:
2908:
2883:
2837:
2782:
2747:
2732:
2702:
2697:
2622:
2607:
2587:
2577:
2351:
2250:
2098:
2066:
1831:
1740:
1467:
1305:
1292:
1246:
1105:
840:
721:
626:
309:) and Fridays (in remembrance of His crucifixion and death) for those seeking
58:
3882:
3813:
3716:
3620:
3505:
3470:
3455:
3323:
3303:
3263:
3253:
3238:
3208:
3203:
3158:
3083:
3008:
2973:
2832:
2802:
2762:
2597:
2572:
2383:
1715:
1658:
1300:
1162:
1152:
1125:
1110:
1077:
1042:
1031:
367:
295:
265:
250:
96:
50:
27:
Christian practice of abstaining from meat, lacticinia and alcohol on Fridays
791:
3777:
3721:
3706:
3701:
3615:
3605:
3495:
3490:
3395:
3363:
3318:
3163:
2983:
2903:
2827:
2812:
2792:
2787:
2767:
2757:
2682:
2657:
2642:
2612:
2487:
2226:
2186:
1903:
1898:
1786:
1725:
1613:
1531:
1519:
1472:
1393:
1330:
1315:
1120:
1115:
741:
281:
627:"The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles to the Nations, known as The Didache"
3610:
3585:
3465:
3450:
3405:
3353:
3348:
3228:
3128:
3108:
3093:
3078:
3058:
2978:
2943:
2742:
2717:
2712:
2687:
2667:
2652:
2602:
1841:
1568:
1509:
1457:
1435:
1345:
1335:
517:
285:
220:
113:
108:
104:
100:
78:
74:
3823:
3661:
3635:
3565:
3475:
3440:
3435:
3390:
3248:
3233:
3038:
2948:
2514:
2431:
2306:
1826:
1755:
1735:
1593:
1573:
1350:
1185:
922:
Beard, Steve (30 January 2012). "The Spiritual Discipline of Fasting".
310:
246:
216:
546:
A Portraiture of Methodism: Or, The History of the Wesleyan Methodists
3148:
2817:
2722:
2415:
1760:
1618:
1558:
173:
82:
3625:
1873:
1704:
1608:
1092:
1073:
338:
192:
305:
Wesley required fasting on both Wednesdays (in remembrance of the
280:
The Methodist Churches traditionally encourage their adherents to
3696:
2535:
2399:
1514:
1310:
324:
157:
473:"Strict Fast" means: only bread and water in limited quantities.
2737:
1765:
1598:
1578:
1492:
1487:
1398:
3410:
1583:
1553:
1482:
1477:
92:
168:
Fast and abstinence is regulated by Canons 1250–1253 of the
1603:
1548:
1504:
1425:
262:
Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America
242:
162:
149:
46:
839:
Jacobs, Henry Eyster; Haas, John Augustus William (1899).
1963:
An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty
691:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis
99:, while the Friday fast is done in commemoration of the
815:. Augsburg Fortress Publishers. pp. 223–244, 260.
208:
Consider not eating before receiving Communion in Lent.
41:
is a Christian practice of variously (depending on the
1995:
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
298:
and became standard in the Methodist churches of the
320:
253:, and the vigils of the most prominent feast days.
875:
529:All the Fridays in the Year, except Christmas-Day
422:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
61:on Fridays, that is found most frequently in the
3880:
804:
264:describes "All the Fridays in the Year, except
1072:
832:
539:
537:
1721:Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine
1058:
140:Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church
930:
754:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
512:
510:
508:
146:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
810:
742:Penitential Practices for Today's Catholics
534:
516:
391:
219:has been historically kept by Lutherans on
1065:
1051:
973:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 24.
838:
709:
687:"Why don't Catholics eat meat on Fridays?"
595:
593:
571:. Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
559:
557:
555:
496:Concerning Fasting on Wednesday and Friday
2259:Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows
2083:Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian
987:
962:
505:
437:
435:
433:
1909:World Esperantist Vegetarian Association
936:
917:
915:
718:"Abstaining From Sex Is Part of Fasting"
543:
29:
2496:You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment
590:
566:"A Handbook for the Discipline of Lent"
563:
552:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
14:
3881:
1934:List of vegetarian and vegan companies
766:
716:Menzel, Konstantinos (14 April 2014).
715:
603:. The Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church
430:
394:Mædica: A Journal of Clinical Medicine
2051:Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses
1711:Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme
1046:
993:
968:
921:
912:
500:Orthodox Christian Information Center
189:A Handbook for the Discipline of Lent
3657:Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli
3244:A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
644:
522:The Sunday Service of the Methodists
480:
291:The Sunday Service of the Methodists
1003:God's Revivalist and Bible Advocate
881:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
653:Questions Regarding the Lenten Fast
24:
1987:Reasons for not Eating Animal Food
994:Smith, Larry D. (September 2008).
650:
578:from the original on 17 March 2018
548:. T. Blanshard. pp. 251, 257.
119:
25:
3920:
1955:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
1849:North American Vegetarian Society
1025:
853:from the original on 9 April 2010
226:
183:
133:
3672:Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro
1802:Christian Vegetarian Association
969:Synan, Vinson (25 August 1997).
337:
323:
2211:Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone
893:
869:
811:Pfatteicher, Philip H. (1990).
785:
760:
735:
679:
655:. Browne and Nolan. p. 28.
632:. Legacy Icons. 2016. p. 8
275:
124:
88:Teaching of the Twelve Apostles
3894:Anglican theology and doctrine
3804:Vegetarian and vegan symbolism
2155:Moosewood Collective Cookbooks
1894:Vegetarian Society (Singapore)
1879:Toronto Vegetarian Association
1822:International Vegetarian Union
1011:God's Bible School and College
939:Fasting: The Ancient Practices
769:"The fine print about Fridays"
619:
450:Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod
406:10.26574/maedica.2018.13.4.282
385:
13:
1:
3819:Vegetarian and vegan dog diet
3743:Food for Thought (restaurant)
2336:Diet for a New America (film)
2115:The Benefits of Vegetarianism
1979:A Vindication of Natural Diet
1746:Vegan Prisoners Support Group
941:. Thomas Nelson. p. 88.
887:2027/gri.ark:/13960/t81k49h7h
527:Days of Fasting or Abstinence
378:
2163:The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook
1383:Seventh-day Adventist Church
996:"Progressive Sanctification"
7:
3788:The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel
2203:The Sexual Politics of Meat
1321:Environmental vegetarianism
1176:Environmental vegetarianism
767:Latona, Mike (2012-04-02).
564:Weitzel, Thomas L. (1978).
544:Crowther, Jonathan (1815).
524:. J. Kershaw. p. 145.
316:
57:, on Fridays, or holding a
10:
3925:
2299:Making a Stand for Animals
2075:Fifty Years of Food Reform
1817:Hare Krishna Food for Life
1731:Vegan Awareness Foundation
926:. United Methodist Church.
876:Church of England (1716).
137:
3796:
3730:
3649:
3381:
2954:Maximilian Bircher-Benner
2871:
2565:
2552:
2506:
2392:Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead
2317:
2283:The End of Animal Farming
2267:The Vegan Studies Project
1942:
1926:
1812:French Vegetarian Society
1807:European Vegetarian Union
1797:Boston Vegetarian Society
1779:
1681:
1667:
1448:
1364:
1291:
1284:
1234:
1161:
1143:Vegan organic agriculture
1091:
1084:
191:delineates the following
3712:The Sound Lounge, London
3687:Little Pine (restaurant)
3571:Colleen Patrick-Goudreau
3069:Narasinh Narayan Godbole
2243:The Bloodless Revolution
1884:Vegetarian Federal Union
1699:Food Empowerment Project
1542:List of meat substitutes
601:"Fasting and abstinence"
3834:Plant-based action plan
3581:Satchidananda Saraswati
3426:Tabitha Brown (actress)
2235:Livestock's Long Shadow
2139:Diet for a Small Planet
2043:Shelley's Vegetarianism
1854:Order of the Golden Age
1341:Replaceability argument
1211:Vegetarian Diet Pyramid
1196:Lacto-ovo vegetarianism
1101:Animal-free agriculture
1038:Friday Fast in Hinduism
937:McKnight, Scot (2010).
842:The Lutheran Cyclopedia
411:and eggs are forbidden.
408:(inactive 2024-09-12).
353:Christian vegetarianism
3214:Francis William Newman
3114:Martin Luther Holbrook
2195:Diet for a New America
2147:The Vegetarian Epicure
2035:What is Vegetarianism?
1792:Bible Christian Church
1694:Beauty Without Cruelty
1689:American Vegan Society
1171:Economic vegetarianism
909:. Accessed 2009-04-09.
794:"Fast & Absinence"
757:. Accessed 2007-12-07.
502:. Accessed 2010-10-08.
452:. 2016. Archived from
170:1983 Code of Canon Law
154:1983 Code of Canon Law
34:
3899:Catholic spirituality
3556:Isa Chandra Moskowitz
3309:Russell Thacher Trall
3274:Johan Lindström Saxon
2969:Lucius Duncan Bulkley
2275:Animal (De)liberation
2059:Why I Am a Vegetarian
1326:Ethics of eating meat
906:Book of Common Prayer
373:Sunday Sabbatarianism
258:Book of Common Prayer
234:Book of Common Prayer
33:
3692:Moosewood Restaurant
3546:Moosewood Collective
3461:Crescent Dragonwagon
3369:Kathleen Keen Zolber
3029:James Elmslie Duncan
2889:Bertrand P. Allinson
2123:Living the Good Life
2011:Fruits and Farinacea
1914:World Vegetarian Day
1864:ProVeg International
1252:Fictional characters
953:John Wesley, in his
845:. Scribner. p.
443:"Fasting Guidelines"
195:fasting guidelines:
3809:List of vegan media
3738:Cranks (restaurant)
3541:Joanne Lee Molinaro
3511:Frances Moore Lappé
3299:William O. Stephens
3294:Ernest Lester Smith
3284:Richard H. Schwartz
3269:Henry Stephens Salt
3259:Ulma Doyle Register
3189:Harry Willis Miller
3169:Alice Garrett Marsh
3124:John Harvey Kellogg
2778:James E. McWilliams
2543:The Animals' Agenda
1525:Microbial cellulose
1500:Gelatin substitutes
1463:Chicken fillet roll
1191:Lacto vegetarianism
1034:by Methodist Prayer
331:Christianity portal
103:of Jesus Christ on
3763:New Riverside Cafe
3753:Lentil as Anything
3731:Former restaurants
3667:Crossroads Kitchen
3596:Alicia Silverstone
3531:Hetty Lui McKinnon
3481:Carol Lee Flinders
3339:Severin Wielobycki
3044:Charles W. Forward
2899:Charles R. Attwood
2673:Caldwell Esselstyn
2179:Moosewood Cookbook
2027:The Ethics of Diet
1889:Vegetarian Society
1859:ProVeg Deutschland
924:Good News Magazine
747:2015-09-15 at the
345:Catholicism portal
307:Betrayal of Christ
45:) abstaining from
35:
3876:
3875:
3677:Greens Restaurant
3561:Bawa Muhaiyaddeen
3431:Suzy Amis Cameron
3421:Edward Espe Brown
3416:Martha Brotherton
3377:
3376:
3314:Frederick Towgood
3279:James Scholefield
3219:R. E. O'Callaghan
3049:Michael Allen Fox
3024:Daniel Dombrowski
2929:George Bedborough
2914:Horace A. Barrows
2879:Phyllis B. Acosta
2773:John A. McDougall
2728:Avery Yale Kamila
2678:Gary L. Francione
2633:T. Colin Campbell
2583:Suzanne M. Babich
2480:The Game Changers
2424:Live and Let Live
2408:Forks Over Knives
2368:Peaceable Kingdom
2360:Post Punk Kitchen
2344:A Cow at My Table
2291:Vegetable Kingdom
2019:The Pleasure Boat
2003:Nature's Own Book
1971:Vegetable Cookery
1922:
1921:
1751:The Vegan Society
1564:Nutritional yeast
1444:
1443:
1280:
1279:
1201:Ovo vegetarianism
1148:Vegan school meal
651:W., W.J. (1881).
300:holiness movement
239:Church of England
67:Oriental Orthodox
16:(Redirected from
3916:
3904:Catholic liturgy
3849:Planetary health
3839:Sustainable diet
3829:Plant-based diet
3768:Nix (restaurant)
3682:Hiltl Restaurant
3631:Umberto Veronesi
3601:Hannah Sunderani
3576:Mathew Pritchard
3536:Tracye McQuirter
3446:Chloe Coscarelli
3384:cookbook authors
3329:Emil Weilshäuser
3199:Reuben D. Mussey
3179:William Metcalfe
3104:Philippe Hecquet
3019:Daniël de Clercq
2919:Geoffrey Barstow
2863:Sophie ZaĂŻkowska
2753:Thomas Lepeltier
2708:A. Breeze Harper
2663:George Dornbusch
2628:Jodey Castricano
2563:
2562:
2529:Vegetarian Times
2472:Eating You Alive
2440:PlantPure Nation
2328:The Animals Film
2171:Laurel's Kitchen
2107:A Fleshless Diet
1869:ProVeg Nederland
1679:
1678:
1624:Vegetarian bacon
1537:Meat alternative
1289:
1288:
1089:
1088:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1044:
1043:
1019:
1018:
1000:
991:
985:
984:
966:
960:
959:
934:
928:
927:
919:
910:
897:
891:
890:
873:
867:
866:
860:
858:
836:
830:
829:
808:
802:
801:
789:
783:
782:
780:
779:
773:Catholic Courier
764:
758:
739:
733:
732:
730:
728:
713:
707:
706:
700:
698:
683:
677:
676:
670:
666:
664:
656:
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
631:
623:
617:
616:
610:
608:
597:
588:
587:
585:
583:
577:
570:
561:
550:
549:
541:
532:
531:
514:
503:
493:
478:
477:
466:
464:
458:
447:
439:
428:
427:
421:
413:
389:
363:Lenten sacrifice
358:Eucharistic fast
347:
342:
341:
333:
328:
327:
85:traditions. The
63:Eastern Orthodox
21:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3792:
3783:The Hollow Reed
3773:Penny Cafeteria
3748:InSpiral Lounge
3726:
3645:
3591:Miyoko Schinner
3521:Linda McCartney
3516:Deborah Madison
3486:Alexis Gauthier
3401:Carleigh Bodrug
3383:
3373:
3359:Jon Wynne-Tyson
3344:Howard Williams
3224:Josiah Oldfield
3194:J. Howard Moore
3184:Eli Peck Miller
3144:W. R. C. Latson
3134:Daniel H. Kress
3074:Jeremiah Hacker
3034:Eknath Easwaran
3014:Lenna F. Cooper
2964:Ernest Bonnejoy
2924:Sidney H. Beard
2894:Thomas Allinson
2867:
2853:Corey Lee Wrenn
2848:Kim A. Williams
2618:Will Bulsiewicz
2593:Neal D. Barnard
2558:
2556:
2554:
2548:
2502:
2448:What the Health
2319:Films and shows
2313:
2219:The China Study
2091:The Meat Fetish
1946:
1944:
1938:
1918:
1837:Meatless Monday
1775:
1771:World Vegan Day
1671:
1663:
1634:Vegetarian mark
1450:
1440:
1360:
1276:
1230:
1157:
1080:
1071:
1032:The Wesley Fast
1028:
1023:
1022:
998:
992:
988:
981:
967:
963:
949:
935:
931:
920:
913:
898:
894:
874:
870:
856:
854:
837:
833:
823:
809:
805:
790:
786:
777:
775:
765:
761:
749:Wayback Machine
740:
736:
726:
724:
714:
710:
696:
694:
685:
684:
680:
668:
667:
658:
657:
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
625:
624:
620:
606:
604:
599:
598:
591:
581:
579:
575:
568:
562:
553:
542:
535:
515:
506:
494:
481:
474:
472:
470:
462:
460:
459:on 30 June 2020
456:
445:
441:
440:
431:
415:
414:
390:
386:
381:
343:
336:
329:
322:
319:
278:
229:
186:
142:
136:
127:
122:
120:In Christianity
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3922:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3866:Pollotarianism
3863:
3861:Pescetarianism
3856:Flexitarianism
3853:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3551:Charity Morgan
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3526:Mary McCartney
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3501:Madhur Jaffrey
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3334:Ellen G. White
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3174:Elmer McCollum
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3154:Susan M. Levin
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3119:Isaac Jennings
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3099:William Harvey
3096:
3091:
3089:Alexander Haig
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3064:Mahatma Gandhi
3061:
3056:
3054:Peter Foxcroft
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3004:Antonio Cocchi
3001:
2999:Henry S. Clubb
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2909:Eduard Baltzer
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2884:William Alcott
2881:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Sunaura Taylor
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2783:Vesanto Melina
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2748:Maxwell G. Lee
2745:
2740:
2735:
2733:Michael Klaper
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:Michael Greger
2700:
2698:Lewis Gompertz
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2623:Georges Butaud
2620:
2615:
2610:
2608:Yves Bonnardel
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2588:Martin Balluch
2585:
2580:
2578:Carol J. Adams
2575:
2569:
2567:
2560:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2356:
2352:Meet Your Meat
2348:
2340:
2332:
2323:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2263:
2255:
2251:Eating Animals
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2135:
2127:
2119:
2111:
2103:
2099:The New Ethics
2095:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2047:
2039:
2031:
2023:
2015:
2007:
1999:
1991:
1983:
1975:
1967:
1959:
1950:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1832:Meat-free days
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1741:Vegan Outreach
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1685:
1683:
1676:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1468:Coconut burger
1465:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1421:Pythagoreanism
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:Animal welfare
1303:
1297:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1106:Black veganism
1103:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1027:
1026:External links
1024:
1021:
1020:
986:
979:
961:
947:
929:
911:
904:The 1928 U.S.
892:
868:
831:
821:
803:
784:
759:
734:
722:Greek Reporter
708:
678:
643:
618:
589:
551:
533:
504:
479:
429:
383:
382:
380:
377:
376:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
349:
348:
334:
318:
315:
277:
274:
228:
227:In Anglicanism
225:
213:
212:
209:
206:
203:
200:
185:
184:In Lutheranism
182:
138:Main article:
135:
134:In Catholicism
132:
126:
123:
121:
118:
51:dairy products
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3921:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3814:Juice fasting
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3729:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3717:Veggie Galaxy
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3621:Lauren Toyota
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3506:Mollie Katzen
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3471:Rip Esselstyn
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3456:Sue Donaldson
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3304:Alan Stoddard
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3289:James Simpson
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3264:Rollo Russell
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3254:James Rachels
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3239:Cyril V. Pink
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3209:Scott Nearing
3207:
3205:
3204:Helen Nearing
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Andrew Linzey
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3139:William Lambe
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3084:Walter Hadwen
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3009:Edwin Collier
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2994:George Cheyne
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2974:J. L. Buttner
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Richard Twine
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:David Sztybel
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2803:David Olivier
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:Valéry Giroux
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:David Benatar
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:Elisa Aaltola
2571:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:A Sacred Duty
2381:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2067:Figs or Pigs?
2064:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1958:(3rd century)
1957:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1716:Our Hen House
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1659:Veggie burger
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1453:
1447:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1301:Animal rights
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1262:Organizations
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1163:Vegetarianism
1160:
1154:
1153:Vegan studies
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1126:Straight edge
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1111:Fruitarianism
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:vegetarianism
1075:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1056:
1054:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1004:
997:
990:
982:
980:9780802841032
976:
972:
965:
958:
956:
950:
948:9781418576134
944:
940:
933:
925:
918:
916:
908:
907:
902:, p. 3 of 6.
901:
896:
888:
884:
880:
872:
865:
852:
848:
844:
843:
835:
828:
824:
822:9780800603922
818:
814:
807:
799:
795:
788:
774:
770:
763:
756:
755:
750:
746:
743:
738:
723:
719:
712:
705:
693:. 12 May 2020
692:
688:
682:
674:
662:
654:
647:
628:
622:
615:
602:
596:
594:
574:
567:
560:
558:
556:
547:
540:
538:
530:
528:
523:
519:
513:
511:
509:
501:
497:
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
476:
455:
451:
444:
438:
436:
434:
425:
419:
412:
407:
403:
399:
395:
388:
384:
374:
371:
369:
368:Meat-free day
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
346:
340:
335:
332:
326:
321:
314:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
296:Phoebe Palmer
293:
292:
287:
283:
273:
271:
267:
266:Christmas Day
263:
259:
254:
252:
251:Rogation Days
248:
244:
240:
236:
235:
224:
222:
218:
210:
207:
204:
201:
198:
197:
196:
194:
190:
181:
177:
175:
171:
166:
164:
159:
155:
151:
147:
141:
131:
117:
115:
110:
106:
102:
98:
97:Spy Wednesday
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
32:
19:
3778:Pink Peacock
3758:Minerva Café
3722:Veggie Grill
3707:Souley Vegan
3702:Slutty Vegan
3641:Alan Wakeman
3616:Haile Thomas
3606:Bryant Terry
3496:Richa Hingle
3491:Dick Gregory
3396:Mayim Bialik
3364:Tzachi Zamir
3319:Sidney Trist
3164:Clair Linzey
2984:Job Caudwell
2959:George Black
2904:William Axon
2858:Laura Wright
2828:Peter Singer
2823:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
2813:Emelia Quinn
2808:David Pearce
2793:David Nibert
2788:Gemma Newman
2768:Reed Mangels
2758:Howard Lyman
2683:Joel Fuhrman
2658:Alan Desmond
2643:Brenda Davis
2613:Will Bonsall
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2494:
2488:Maa Ka Doodh
2486:
2478:
2470:
2462:
2454:
2446:
2438:
2430:
2422:
2414:
2406:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2366:
2358:
2350:
2342:
2334:
2326:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2227:Skinny Bitch
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2187:Fit for Life
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2121:
2113:
2105:
2097:
2089:
2081:
2073:
2065:
2057:
2049:
2041:
2033:
2025:
2017:
2009:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1977:
1969:
1961:
1953:
1904:Viva! Health
1899:Veggie Pride
1787:Alcott House
1726:Plamil Foods
1703:
1644:Sausage roll
1520:Konjac jelly
1473:Coconut milk
1379:Christianity
1331:Meat paradox
1316:Deep ecology
1121:Raw veganism
1085:Perspectives
1014:
1006:
1002:
989:
970:
964:
954:
952:
938:
932:
923:
903:
895:
877:
871:
862:
855:. Retrieved
841:
834:
826:
812:
806:
797:
787:
776:. Retrieved
772:
762:
752:
737:
725:. Retrieved
711:
702:
695:. Retrieved
681:
652:
646:
634:. Retrieved
621:
612:
605:. Retrieved
580:. Retrieved
545:
526:
525:
521:
499:
469:Definitions:
468:
461:. Retrieved
454:the original
418:cite journal
409:
397:
393:
387:
304:
289:
279:
276:In Methodism
257:
255:
232:
230:
214:
188:
187:
178:
167:
143:
128:
125:In Orthodoxy
86:
43:denomination
38:
36:
3650:Restaurants
3611:Anna Thomas
3586:Derek Sarno
3466:Rose Elliot
3451:Yamuna Devi
3406:Gypsy Boots
3354:W. A. Sibly
3349:Frank Wokes
3229:Dean Ornish
3129:Norman Kerr
3109:Brian Hines
3094:Edward Hare
3079:John Haddon
3059:Greta Gaard
2989:James Clark
2979:Paul Carton
2944:Ragnar Berg
2939:Robert Bell
2934:Ernest Bell
2798:Jack Norris
2743:Renan Larue
2718:Melanie Joy
2713:Oscar Horta
2688:Kristi Funk
2668:Mylan Engel
2653:Jan Deckers
2648:Garth Davis
2638:Robert Cook
2603:Steven Best
2555:activists,
2553:Academics,
2363:(2003–2005)
2131:Ten Talents
1842:Friday Fast
1569:Plant cream
1510:Carrageenan
1458:Agave syrup
1346:Sentientism
1336:Nonviolence
1272:Vegan media
1267:Restaurants
1242:Vegetarians
1216:Ecofeminism
857:14 November
669:|work=
518:John Wesley
286:John Wesley
221:Good Friday
114:Good Friday
109:Christendom
105:Good Friday
101:crucifixion
39:Friday fast
18:Friday Fast
3889:Asceticism
3883:Categories
3844:Low-carbon
3824:Vegaphobia
3662:Cinnaholic
3636:Nisha Vora
3566:Gaz Oakley
3476:Toni Fiore
3441:Pinky Cole
3436:Hannah Che
3391:Nava Atlas
3249:Rod Preece
3234:Felix Ortt
3039:T. Forster
2949:Rynn Berry
2872:Vegetarian
2763:Al-Ma'arri
2559:physicians
2515:Naked Food
2432:Cowspiracy
2376:Earthlings
2307:Meat Atlas
1827:Jewish Veg
1780:Vegetarian
1756:Veganmania
1736:Vegan flag
1619:Vegetables
1594:Soy yogurt
1574:Plant milk
1356:Tirukkuṟaḷ
1351:Speciesism
1226:By country
1186:Orthopathy
778:2022-08-18
379:References
311:ordination
247:Ember Days
217:Black Fast
3909:Methodism
3382:Chefs and
3149:Elmer Lee
2818:Tom Regan
2723:Joel Kahn
2557:authors,
2507:Magazines
2416:Vegucated
1927:Companies
1761:Veganuary
1559:Mock duck
1451:and drink
1426:Rastafari
1366:Religious
1257:Festivals
1221:Nutrition
1138:Nutrition
798:USCCB.org
671:ignored (
661:cite book
256:The 1928
174:solemnity
83:Methodist
3626:Jeeca Uy
3324:Valluvar
2464:Dominion
2310:(annual)
1947:journals
1945:reports,
1874:Swissveg
1705:Go Vegan
1609:Tofurkey
1389:Hinduism
1374:Buddhism
1131:Hardline
1093:Veganism
1074:Veganism
879:churches
851:Archived
745:Archived
636:18 March
582:17 March
573:Archived
520:(1825).
463:17 March
317:See also
270:Epiphany
268:and the
193:Lutheran
79:Anglican
75:Lutheran
71:Catholic
3797:Related
3697:Purezza
2536:VegNews
2456:Carnage
2400:Planeat
1639:Sausage
1629:Hot dog
1515:Gulaman
1493:legumes
1488:cereals
1431:Sikhism
1416:Judaism
1411:Jainism
1394:Sattvic
1311:Carnism
1293:Secular
1206:Cuisine
1181:History
1116:History
955:Journal
864:Judica.
697:2 March
607:1 April
260:of the
237:of the
158:penance
55:alcohol
2738:Aph Ko
2499:(2024)
2491:(2023)
2483:(2018)
2475:(2018)
2467:(2018)
2459:(2017)
2451:(2017)
2443:(2015)
2435:(2014)
2427:(2013)
2419:(2011)
2411:(2011)
2403:(2010)
2395:(2010)
2387:(2007)
2379:(2005)
2371:(2004)
2355:(2002)
2347:(1998)
2339:(1991)
2331:(1981)
2302:(2022)
2294:(2020)
2286:(2018)
2278:(2016)
2270:(2015)
2262:(2009)
2254:(2009)
2246:(2006)
2238:(2006)
2230:(2005)
2222:(2005)
2214:(1997)
2206:(1990)
2198:(1987)
2190:(1985)
2182:(1977)
2174:(1976)
2166:(1975)
2158:(1973)
2150:(1972)
2142:(1971)
2134:(1968)
2126:(1954)
2118:(1927)
2110:(1910)
2102:(1907)
2094:(1904)
2086:(1903)
2078:(1898)
2070:(1896)
2062:(1895)
2054:(1892)
2046:(1891)
2038:(1886)
2030:(1883)
2022:(1845)
2014:(1845)
2006:(1835)
1998:(1824)
1990:(1814)
1982:(1813)
1974:(1812)
1966:(1802)
1943:Books,
1766:Veganz
1674:events
1669:Groups
1614:Cheese
1599:Tempeh
1589:Seitan
1579:Quinoa
1532:Jambon
1483:Grains
1478:Fruits
1436:Taoism
1399:Ahimsa
1285:Ethics
1247:Vegans
977:
945:
819:
727:27 May
249:, the
245:, the
3411:BOSH!
2566:Vegan
2522:Satya
1682:Vegan
1584:Quorn
1554:Mochi
1406:Islam
1235:Lists
1009:(6).
999:(PDF)
630:(PDF)
576:(PDF)
569:(PDF)
457:(PDF)
446:(PDF)
400:(4).
93:Judas
1672:and
1654:Wine
1649:Beer
1604:Tofu
1549:Miso
1505:Agar
1449:Food
1076:and
975:ISBN
943:ISBN
859:2019
817:ISBN
729:2021
699:2022
673:help
638:2021
609:2023
584:2018
465:2018
424:link
282:fast
243:Lent
231:The
163:Lent
150:Lent
81:and
59:fast
53:and
47:meat
37:The
1007:120
883:hdl
847:110
402:doi
95:on
3885::
1013:.
1005:.
1001:.
951:.
914:^
861:.
849:.
825:.
796:.
771:.
751:.
720:.
701:.
689:.
665::
663:}}
659:{{
611:.
592:^
554:^
536:^
507:^
498:.
482:^
467:.
448:.
432:^
420:}}
416:{{
398:13
396:.
313:.
302:.
223:.
77:,
73:,
69:,
65:,
49:,
1385:)
1381:(
1066:e
1059:t
1052:v
983:.
889:.
885::
800:.
781:.
731:.
675:)
640:.
586:.
426:)
404::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_-_loaves_and_fish_mural.jpg)