661:
1054:
455:
31:
1785:
1768:
1780:
1760:
52:
702:
on 26 October 1902, and began her preliminary sea trials on 1 December 1903. The cruiser ran aground in fog while conducting trials in late
February 1904; two of her propellers and a large amount of hull plating had to be replaced. After resuming her trials in August, the cruiser briefly went aground
1112:
Von Trapp fired two torpedoes at a range of 500 meters (550 yd), both of which struck the cruiser. One of them detonated abreast the dynamo room and the other against the forward boiler room, which contained the only boilers that were operating. The explosions immediately knocked out all power
1478:
French warship sunk; 552 perish; Cruiser Leon
Gambetta Blown Up by an Austrian Submarine in Strait of Otranto. All her officers lost. Italian Vessels Rescue 162 of Warship's 714 Men – Surprise Attack at Night. TRAGEDY SEEN FROM SHORE Submarine Believed to Have Traveled 300 Miles to Strike Vessel
950:
as it brought long-range artillery pieces to
Antivari on 18–19 September. On the return voyage, they took advantage of the fog to bombard Cattaro before they were forced to withdraw by the heavy return fire. The 2nd DL participated in the next sortie into the Adriatic on 17 October, but it was
978:
on 21 December brought an end to the sorties into the
Adriatic by the battlefleet; henceforth the supply ships were escorted by the armored cruisers or smaller ships. The French also responded by moving their patrol line further south to a line north of the Greek island of
915:. He split his available forces into two groups with the armored cruisers following the Albanian coast and the battleships tracing the Italian coast before cutting across the Adriatic to rendezvous at Antivari on the morning of the 16th. The latter sank the
1071:
on 26 April, agreeing to declare war on
Austria-Hungary. Boué de Lapeyrère, concerned about a possible pre-emptive attack on the southern Italian ports, temporarily moved all of his armored cruisers closer to the Strait of Otranto that day. Unbeknownst to
394:) in the first decade of the 20th century. Armed with four 194-millimeter (7.6 in) guns, the ships were much larger and more powerfully armed than their predecessors. Completed in 1905, she was initially assigned to the Northern Squadron (
1125:. Only two could be lowered in the 10 minutes before the cruiser capsized and sank. One of the lifeboats subsequently sank due to overcrowding; only 137 men out of her crew of 821 were rescued by the Italian
903:
forces in the
Central Mediterranean, was ordered to begin offensive operations against the Austro-Hungarian fleet in the Adriatic. He decided to break the Austro-Hungarian blockade of the port of
936:
to
Antivari, usually escorted by the armored cruisers and covered by the main battlefleet. The first of these was on 31 September when four armored cruisers escorted the steamer
1519:
769:
1832:
1151:. He also ordered that patrols should be made at a speed of 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph), not the leisurely 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph) used by
644:
ranged in thickness from 80 to 150 millimeters (3.1 to 5.9 in) and the main-gun turrets were protected by armor 138 millimeters (5.4 in) thick. Their
630:. One pair was submerged and the other pair was above water, both firing on the broadside; the last tube was above water in the stern. The ship could carry 10
944:
564:
reached 23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph) from 29,029 metric horsepower (21,351 kW). The cruisers carried enough coal to give them a range of 7,500
1827:
1031:, but it proved impossible to unload the cargo and the cruiser returned with it still aboard. There was another false alarm on 4 April, during which
1629:
749:
1171:
1044:
1512:
1096:, when the submarine was finally able to make her attack at 00:40 on 27 April, roughly 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) south of
937:
1143:
After the sinking, Boué de Lapeyrère withdrew his armored cruisers even further south to a patrol line running through the
Gerogombos
1807:
1505:
1822:
660:
517:) at normal load. Their crew normally numbered 26 officers and 708 enlisted men, or 30 officers and 749 men when serving as a
1397:
1356:
986:
On 10 January 1915 Boué de Lapeyrère was informed that the Austro-Hungarian battlefleet was headed south; he put to sea with
1622:
580:
296:
1460:
Admiral Senes lost aboard the
Gambetta; French Ministry Reports Him Among the Victims – Italians Bury Dead With Honors.
973:
807:
On 5 October 1909, the French Navy reorganized its forces and redesignated the
Northern Squadron as the 2nd Squadron (
525:
248:
1416:
1378:
1337:
1135:
1129:
671:
1779:
1775:
1644:
1008:
patrolling off Corfu while the battleships cruised further south. This proved to be a false alarm. On 24 January
997:
896:
824:
405:
1053:
1812:
1788:
1784:
1615:
674:
1528:
596:
377:
302:
161:
1581:
1003:
1039:, but was not able to maneuver into an attack position; the submarine was not spotted by the French ship.
454:
1487:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
991:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1556:
1549:
1433:
French warship launched.; The Leon Gambetta to be One of a Hundred Fighting Vessels France Is to Build.
951:
uneventful. During the following mission, begun at the end of October, the 2nd DL raided the island of
484:
699:
460:
880:
732:
The ship was assigned to the Northern Squadron and became the flagship of the 1st Cruiser Squadron (
1655:
961:
852:
682:
604:
441:
143:
1607:
1596:
1068:
1024:
1121:. The loss of steam prevented the use of the ship's pumps and hindered the ability to lower the
1089:
970:
616:
308:
1013:
900:
430:
1326:
943:
while the battleships bombarded the defenses of Cattaro. The 2nd DL escorted the cargo ship
837:
as its flagship in October. By 4 April 1911, the 1st DL consisted of all three sisters with
1740:
1572:
1122:
1097:
1085:
473:
8:
1817:
1442:
How he sank a cruiser.; Submarine Captain Describes the Destruction of the Leon Gambetta.
1371:
The Battle of the Otranto Straits: Controlling the Gateway to the Adriatic in World War I
892:
785:
777:
506:
1079:
833:). The 1st DL was redesignated as the 2nd DL in August and a new 1st DL was formed with
789:
1159:
926:
883:. The following day the 2nd DL was part of the escorting force for a troop convoy from
863:
that day. The 2nd DL was reformed on 10 February 1912 with all three sisters assigned;
716:
592:
1412:
1393:
1374:
1352:
1333:
1140:
and two torpedo boats. The casualties included Senès and all of the ship's officers.
1118:
916:
608:
600:
545:
533:
230:
568:(13,900 km; 8,600 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
1064:
1028:
1016:
879:
declared war on France on 3 August 1914, the ship was the flagship of Rear Admiral
876:
763:
678:
541:
224:
167:
94:
685:
648:
armor was 33 to 65 mm (1.3 to 2.6 in) thick. The front and sides of the
76:
1469:
136 of crew saved.; But All the Officers of the Gambetta Perished at Their Posts.
1366:
904:
823:
was transferred to the Mediterranean where she was assigned to the 1st DL of the
529:
494:
426:
381:
1274:
Freivogel, pp. 98–100, 117–122; Halpern, p. 4; Jordan & Caresse, pp. 230–231
855:. The ship was transferred to the 1st DL by 4 September and participated in the
773:
1497:
1488:
Destroyer aided attack.; German Vessel Said to Have Fired on the Leon Gambetta.
888:
588:
490:
30:
1801:
1451:
Reports cruiser ashore.; Delayed Bulletin Says the Leon Gambetta Was Beached.
649:
619:
565:
356:
311:
271:
856:
842:
739:
726:
627:
612:
572:
498:
434:
422:
317:
105:
932:
At the end of the month, the French began intermittently escorting single
1729:
645:
553:
502:
472:-class ships were designed as enlarged and more powerful versions of the
385:
343:
259:
1148:
1144:
1101:
933:
908:
804:. Jauréguiberry remained in command of the division through July 1909.
757:
708:
641:
631:
584:
350:
337:
323:
274:(13,900 km; 8,600 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
1126:
919:
695:
638:
557:
373:
1685:
1637:
688:, on 2 July 1900 in compliance with the recently passed Naval Law (
549:
518:
514:
401:
283:
234:
182:
1718:
1696:
1664:
952:
884:
704:
969:, on the return voyage the following day. The torpedoing of the
772:
had assumed command of the squadron by October when she ferried
703:
again while trying to navigate the narrow entrance to the River
1265:
Freivogel, pp. 96, 101; Jordan & Caresse, pp. 218, 222, 227
1057:
A German postcard with an artist's depiction of the sinking of
966:
860:
801:
797:
781:
438:
140:
813:) and the 1st Cruiser Squadron became the 1st Light Division (
1020:
980:
912:
793:
599:
guns. Twelve of these were in three twin-gun turrets on each
510:
178:
715:
finally began her official sea trials in April 1905 and was
1036:
414:) in 1910 and remained there for the rest of her career.
194:
1324:
Chesneau, Roger & Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979).
711:
was damaged and the blades of her propellers were bent.
652:
consisted of 174-millimeter (6.9 in) armor plates.
929:
as the armored cruisers were coming up from the south.
626:
was also armed with five 450-millimeter (17.7 in)
760:
the following month to commemorate the signing of the
1283:
Freivogel, pp. 148, 150; Jordan & Caresse, p. 231
1301:
Freivogel, p. 150; Jordan & Caresse, pp. 231–232
1373:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
1325:
911:, and to engage any ships operating out of nearby
501:of 8.18 meters (26 ft 10 in). All three
1328:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
756:participated in the Northern Squadron's visit to
489:) measured 148.35 meters (486 ft 9 in)
1799:
1527:
1323:
544:. Their engines were rated at a total of 27,500
1833:World War I shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea
1638:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in April 1915
1076:, she had been stalked for a day and a half by
725:) on 21 July. Her construction cost 29,248,500
532:. Each of the sisters used a different type of
1172:List by death toll of ships sunk by submarines
681:to begin work on the ship, named after former
597:164-millimeter (6.5 in) Modèle 1893–1896M
552:) to reach their designed maximum speed of 22
1623:
1513:
1388:Jordan, John & Caresse, Philippe (2019).
1387:
1027:, with a cargo of clothing and shoes for the
458:Right elevation and deck plan as depicted in
425:of the French fleet. She participated in the
1077:
846:
828:
814:
808:
761:
743:
733:
720:
689:
497:of 21.4 meters (70 ft 3 in) and a
437:. The ship was sunk by the Austro-Hungarian
409:
395:
389:
1406:
1349:The Great War in the Adriatic Sea 1914–1918
1292:Halpern, p. 4; Jordan & Caresse, p. 231
1238:Jordan & Caresse, pp. 139–141, 160, 213
1202:Jordan & Caresse, pp. 143, 157–158, 160
796:, England, and in July participated in the
1630:
1616:
1520:
1506:
1035:had spotted the cruiser off the island of
655:
1828:Ships sunk by Austro-Hungarian submarines
1346:
768:allying France and Britain. Vice Admiral
16:French Navy's Léon Gambetta-class cruiser
1052:
792:, who succeeded Loubet as President, to
659:
556:(41 km/h; 25 mph); during her
453:
1365:
1100:(the south-eastern tip of Italy in the
526:vertical triple-expansion steam engines
479:armored cruisers. The first two ships (
446:in April 1915 with heavy loss of life.
193:148.35 m (486 ft 9 in) (
1800:
1409:Directory of the World's Capital Ships
1256:Jordan & Caresse, pp. 160, 210–211
1229:Jordan & Caresse, pp. 145, 150–151
1611:
1501:
1490:Special Cable to THE NEW YORK TIMES.
1392:. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing.
1189:
1187:
667:at the Quebec Tercentenary, July 1908
48:
603:and the remaining four guns were in
1597:List of cruisers of the French Navy
1438:October 27, 1901, Wednesday Page 4,
788:. In May 1908 The ship transported
213:8.18 m (26 ft 10 in)
13:
1494:. April 29, 1915, Thursday, Page 2
1484:. April 29, 1915, Thursday, Page 1
1474:. April 29, 1915, Thursday, Page 2
1456:. April 29, 1915, Thursday, Page 2
1426:
1390:French Armoured Cruisers 1887–1932
1247:Jordan & Caresse, pp. 160, 210
1184:
404:. The ship was transferred to the
340:: 80–150 mm (3.1–5.9 in)
205:21.4 m (70 ft 3 in)
14:
1844:
1214:
1205:
346:: 33–65 mm (1.3–2.6 in)
1783:
1778:
1766:
1758:
867:became the divisional flagship.
421:escorted convoys as well as the
50:
29:
1465:. 30 April 1915, Friday, Page 1
1317:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1211:Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 306
707:in early September. One of her
581:194-millimeter Modèle 1893–1896
316:5 × 450 mm (17.7 in)
1823:World War I cruisers of France
1411:. New York: Hippocrene Books.
1259:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1196:
1043:escorted the French freighter
870:
675:Jean Marie Antoine de Lanessan
449:
303:164 mm (6.5 in) guns
297:194 mm (7.6 in) guns
249:triple-expansion steam engines
1:
1447:. 1 May 1915, Saturday Page 2
1407:Silverstone, Paul H. (1984).
1332:. New York: Mayflower Books.
1177:
780:, home from a state visit in
1808:Léon Gambetta-class cruisers
1351:. Zagreb: Despot Infinitus.
1347:Freivogel, Zvonimir (2019).
1310:Jordan & Caresse, p. 232
1193:Jordan & Caresse, p. 143
895:. On 13 August Vice Admiral
7:
1165:
841:serving as the flagship of
617:47-millimeter (1.9 in)
615:, they carried twenty-four
359:: 174 mm (6.9 in)
353:: 138 mm (5.4 in)
262:(41 km/h; 25 mph)
10:
1849:
1107:
897:Augustin Boué de Lapeyrère
411:Escadre de la Méditerranée
1753:
1709:
1643:
1592:
1567:
1538:
1479:Guarding Adriatic Outlet.
990:and the armored cruisers
152:
43:
28:
853:Louis Dartige du Fournet
579:class consisted of four
400:) where she served as a
309:47 mm (1.9 in)
1092:, the new commander of
959:was narrowly missed by
819:(DL)). In January 1910
738:) under the command of
656:Construction and career
153:General characteristics
1090:Georg Ritter von Trapp
1078:
1061:
971:dreadnought battleship
965:, an Austro-Hungarian
881:Victor-Baptistin Senès
847:
829:
815:
809:
762:
744:
735:1 Division de croiseur
734:
721:
690:
668:
611:. For defense against
465:
461:Brassey's Naval Annual
410:
406:Mediterranean Squadron
396:
390:
1813:Ships built in France
1056:
1050:to Medua on 5 April.
683:French Prime Minister
663:
583:guns mounted in twin-
457:
431:Austro-Hungarian Navy
301:6 × twin, 4 × single
1117:took on a 15-degree
1098:Santa Maria di Leuca
1086:Lieutenant Commander
925:that morning in the
770:Horace Jauréguiberry
698:on 15 January 1901,
672:Minister of the Navy
587:fore and aft of the
524:The ships had three
417:During World War I,
1436:The New York Times.
899:, commander of the
893:Metropolitan France
778:President of France
540:was fitted with 28
528:, each driving one
25:
1492:The New York Times
1482:The New York Times
1472:The New York Times
1463:The New York Times
1454:The New York Times
1445:The New York Times
1220:Silverstone, p. 80
1062:
955:on 2 November and
927:Battle of Antivari
722:armement définitif
669:
595:comprised sixteen
593:secondary armament
560:on 22 April 1905,
466:
21:
1795:
1794:
1605:
1604:
1399:978-1-5267-4118-9
1358:978-953-8218-40-8
1147:on the island of
917:protected cruiser
859:by Fallières off
816:1 Division légère
546:metric horsepower
542:Niclausse boilers
534:water-tube boiler
505:were designed to
365:
364:
225:Niclausse boilers
1840:
1787:
1782:
1770:
1762:
1746:
1735:
1724:
1702:
1691:
1680:
1670:
1659:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1609:
1608:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1422:
1403:
1384:
1367:Halpern, Paul G.
1362:
1343:
1331:
1311:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1275:
1272:
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1230:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1212:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1157:
1083:
1080:Korvettenkapitän
1069:Treaty of London
1029:Montenegrin Army
1017:Foreign Minister
999:Waldeck-Rousseau
947:Henri Fraissinet
877:Imperial Germany
850:
832:
818:
812:
800:Tercentenary in
790:Armand Fallières
767:
764:Entente Cordiale
747:
737:
724:
693:
679:Arsenal de Brest
413:
399:
393:
391:Marine Nationale
382:armored cruisers
168:armoured cruiser
95:Arsenal de Brest
58:
55:
54:
53:
33:
26:
20:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1774:
1749:
1738:
1727:
1716:
1710:Other incidents
1705:
1694:
1683:
1673:
1662:
1652:
1639:
1636:
1606:
1601:
1588:
1563:
1534:
1532:-class cruisers
1526:
1429:
1427:Further reading
1419:
1400:
1381:
1359:
1340:
1320:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1269:
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1260:
1255:
1251:
1246:
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1237:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1185:
1180:
1168:
1155:
1110:
1019:to the port of
873:
658:
530:propeller shaft
452:
397:Escadre du Nord
218:Installed power
148:, 27 April 1915
123:26 October 1902
115:15 January 1901
56:
51:
49:
39:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1846:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1793:
1792:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1739:Unknown date:
1736:
1725:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1692:
1681:
1671:
1660:
1649:
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1627:
1620:
1612:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1583:Jules Michelet
1578:
1568:
1565:
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1535:
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1502:
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1457:
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1439:
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1424:
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1404:
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1385:
1379:
1363:
1357:
1344:
1338:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1249:
1240:
1231:
1222:
1213:
1204:
1195:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1109:
1106:
1005:Jules Michelet
889:French Algeria
872:
869:
657:
654:
637:The cruisers'
620:Hotchkiss guns
589:superstructure
566:nautical miles
451:
448:
384:built for the
363:
362:
361:
360:
354:
347:
341:
338:Waterline belt
333:
329:
328:
327:
326:
320:
314:
312:Hotchkiss guns
305:
299:
291:
287:
286:
282:734; 779 as a
280:
276:
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268:
264:
263:
256:
252:
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159:
158:Class and type
155:
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117:
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113:
109:
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59:
46:
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41:
40:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1834:
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1826:
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1821:
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1816:
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1803:
1790:
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1726:
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1715:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1677:Léon Gambetta
1672:
1669:
1668:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1628:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1580:Followed by:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:Preceded by:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1544:Léon Gambetta
1541:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1530:Léon Gambetta
1523:
1518:
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1153:Léon Gambetta
1150:
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1007:
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865:Léon Gambetta
862:
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844:
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839:Léon Gambetta
836:
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817:
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751:
750:Camille Gigon
746:
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710:
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662:
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650:conning tower
647:
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628:torpedo tubes
625:
624:Léon Gambetta
621:
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613:torpedo boats
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577:Léon Gambetta
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1012:ferried the
1009:
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993:Ernest Renan
992:
987:
985:
974:
960:
956:
946:
939:
931:
921:
874:
864:
857:fleet review
843:Rear Admiral
838:
834:
825:1st Squadron
820:
806:
774:Émile Loubet
753:
740:Vice Admiral
731:
717:commissioned
712:
691:Statut Naval
677:ordered the
670:
664:
636:
623:
576:
573:main battery
570:
561:
537:
523:
503:sister ships
485:
480:
474:
469:
467:
459:
442:
435:Adriatic Sea
418:
416:
368:
367:
366:
307:24 × single
247:3 shafts; 3
229:27,500
177:12,550
174:Displacement
162:
144:
139:Sunk by the
131:21 July 1905
128:Commissioned
66:
35:
22:
18:
1558:Victor Hugo
1551:Jules Ferry
1067:signed the
1014:Montenegrin
957:Jules Ferry
934:cargo ships
871:World War I
745:Vice-amiral
709:bilge keels
694:). She was
632:naval mines
585:gun turrets
511:metric tons
486:Jules Ferry
450:Description
386:French Navy
351:gun turrets
324:naval mines
270:7,500
86:2 July 1900
1818:1902 ships
1802:Categories
1776:March 1915
1686:HMAS
1645:Shipwrecks
1178:References
1149:Cephalonia
1145:lighthouse
1127:destroyers
1102:Ionian Sea
909:Montenegro
758:Portsmouth
642:armor belt
558:sea trials
279:Complement
244:Propulsion
104:29,248,500
1743:Undaunted
1741:HMS
1719:HMS
1665:HMS
1123:lifeboats
1047:Whitehead
975:Jean Bart
920:SMS
830:1 Escadre
810:2 Escadre
696:laid down
639:waterline
605:casemates
601:broadside
515:long tons
493:, with a
380:of three
378:her class
374:lead ship
295:2 × twin
183:long tons
112:Laid down
1789:May 1915
1728:20 Apr:
1717:16 Apr:
1695:30 Apr:
1684:29 Apr:
1674:27 Apr:
1656:Mecidiye
1369:(2004).
1166:See also
1137:Indomito
1131:Impavido
1045:SS
945:SS
938:SS
905:Antivari
786:Portugal
700:launched
591:. Their
519:flagship
513:(12,350
507:displace
427:blockade
402:flagship
372:was the
290:Armament
284:flagship
181:(12,352
120:Launched
73:Namesake
38:underway
1732:Hamburg
1663:18 Apr
1160:captain
1158:s late
1108:Sinking
1025:Albania
953:Lastovo
940:Liamone
913:Cattaro
885:Algiers
705:Penfeld
607:in the
575:of the
509:12,550
491:overall
433:in the
429:of the
91:Builder
83:Ordered
44:History
1653:3 Apr
1574:Gloire
1415:
1396:
1377:
1355:
1336:
967:U-boat
901:Allied
861:Toulon
802:Canada
798:Quebec
782:Lisbon
727:francs
477:-class
475:Gloire
439:U-boat
190:Length
165:-class
141:U-boat
57:France
1576:class
1156:'
1065:Italy
1037:Paxos
1021:Medua
981:Corfu
922:Zenta
875:When
794:Dover
554:knots
499:draft
349:Main-
332:Armor
267:Range
260:knots
255:Speed
210:Draft
1772:1916
1764:1915
1756:1914
1730:SMS
1699:U-37
1413:ISBN
1394:ISBN
1375:ISBN
1353:ISBN
1334:ISBN
1134:and
1119:list
1113:and
1002:and
646:deck
609:hull
571:The
536:and
495:beam
483:and
468:The
464:1923
344:Deck
202:Beam
136:Fate
101:Cost
63:Name
1721:E15
1697:SM
1688:AE2
1667:E15
1104:).
1094:U-5
1033:U-5
962:U-5
891:to
443:U-5
376:of
322:10
272:nmi
258:22
223:28
195:o/a
145:U-5
1804::
1186:^
1162:.
1088:)
1023:,
996:,
983:.
907:,
887:,
851:)
784:,
776:,
752:.
748:)
729:.
634:.
622:.
550:kW
521:.
235:kW
231:PS
106:FF
1631:e
1624:t
1617:v
1521:e
1514:t
1507:v
1421:.
1402:.
1383:.
1361:.
1342:.
1084:(
845:(
827:(
742:(
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408:(
388:(
237:)
197:)
185:)
179:t
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
